[{"ddc":["580"],"type":"journal_article","publication":"Nature","PlanS_conform":"1","date_updated":"2026-04-28T13:42:45Z","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","corr_author":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The phytohormone auxin (Aux) is a principal endogenous developmental signal in plants. It mediates transcriptional reprogramming by a well-established canonical signalling mechanism. TIR1/AFB auxin receptors are F-box subunits of an ubiquitin ligase complex; after auxin perception, they associate with Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors and ubiquitinate them for degradation, thus enabling the activation of auxin response factor (ARF) transcription factors1,2,3. Here we revise this paradigm by showing that without TIR1 adenylate cyclase (AC) activity4, auxin-induced degradation of Aux/IAAs is not sufficient to mediate the transcriptional auxin response. Abolishing the TIR1 AC activity does not affect auxin-induced degradation of Aux/IAAs but renders TIR1 non-functional in mediating transcriptional reprogramming and auxin-regulated development, including shoot, root, root hair growth and lateral root formation. Transgenic plants show that local cAMP production in the vicinity of the Aux/IAA–ARF complex by unrelated AC enzymes bypasses the need for auxin perception and is sufficient to induce ARF-mediated transcription. These discoveries revise the canonical model of auxin signalling and establish TIR1/AFB-produced cAMP as a second messenger essential for transcriptional reprograming."}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"Bio"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"year":"2025","volume":640,"title":"TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional auxin signalling","oa":1,"OA_type":"hybrid","day":"24","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w","file_date_updated":"2025-08-05T12:29:35Z","_id":"19421","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0028-0836"],"eissn":["1476-4687"]},"intvolume":"       640","date_published":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z","project":[{"_id":"7bcece63-9f16-11ee-852c-ae94e099eeb6","name":"Guanylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFBs auxin receptors","grant_number":"P37051"}],"quality_controlled":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"page":"1011-1016","month":"04","status":"public","citation":{"apa":"Chen, H., Qi, L., Zou, M., Lu, M., Kwiatkowski, M., Pei, Y., … Friml, J. (2025). TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional auxin signalling. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w</a>","ama":"Chen H, Qi L, Zou M, et al. TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional auxin signalling. <i>Nature</i>. 2025;640:1011-1016. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w\">10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w</a>","ieee":"H. Chen <i>et al.</i>, “TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional auxin signalling,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 640. Springer Nature, pp. 1011–1016, 2025.","ista":"Chen H, Qi L, Zou M, Lu M, Kwiatkowski M, Pei Y, Jaworski K, Friml J. 2025. TIR1-produced cAMP as a second messenger in transcriptional auxin signalling. Nature. 640, 1011–1016.","short":"H. Chen, L. Qi, M. Zou, M. Lu, M. Kwiatkowski, Y. Pei, K. Jaworski, J. Friml, Nature 640 (2025) 1011–1016.","mla":"Chen, Huihuang, et al. “TIR1-Produced CAMP as a Second Messenger in Transcriptional Auxin Signalling.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 640, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 1011–16, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w\">10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w</a>.","chicago":"Chen, Huihuang, Linlin Qi, Minxia Zou, Mengting Lu, M Kwiatkowski, Yuanrong Pei, K Jaworski, and Jiří Friml. “TIR1-Produced CAMP as a Second Messenger in Transcriptional Auxin Signalling.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08669-w</a>."},"publisher":"Springer Nature","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"}],"date_created":"2025-03-19T09:44:39Z","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","file_id":"20132","date_updated":"2025-08-05T12:29:35Z","checksum":"f5f18081003e7a1b8e372ecb7da82e7d","file_size":13549245,"success":1,"file_name":"2025_Nature_Chen.pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2025-08-05T12:29:35Z"}],"acknowledgement":"We are grateful to J. Callis and H.-Q. Yang for sharing materials and to M. Estelle and S. Kepinski for inspiring discussions. This research was supported by the Laboratory Support Facility, the Plant Facility and the Imaging and Optics Facility of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (101142681 CYNIPS) and Austrian Science Fund (P 37051-B). L.Q. was supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China (grant no. 32470327). M.Z. was supported by the Interdisciplinary Project Committee of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria, and Y.P. was supported by an EMBO Postdoctoral Fellowship (ALTF 38-2023). Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria).","has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","oa_version":"Published Version","related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"press_release","description":"News on ISTA website","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/updating-the-textbook/"}],"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"19478"}]},"external_id":{"pmid":["40044868"],"isi":["001437493900001"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Huihuang","last_name":"Chen","full_name":"Chen, Huihuang","id":"83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f"},{"id":"44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425","orcid":"0000-0001-5187-8401","full_name":"Qi, Linlin","last_name":"Qi","first_name":"Linlin"},{"full_name":"Zou, Minxia","id":"5c243f41-03f3-11ec-841c-96faf48a7ef9","first_name":"Minxia","last_name":"Zou"},{"id":"a8198a14-1ffe-11ee-8b67-d2bdff9d9178","full_name":"Lu, Mengting","first_name":"Mengting","last_name":"Lu"},{"full_name":"Kwiatkowski, M","last_name":"Kwiatkowski","first_name":"M"},{"id":"98605edc-6ce7-11ee-95f3-cc16b866efcd","full_name":"Pei, Yuanrong","last_name":"Pei","first_name":"Yuanrong"},{"first_name":"K","last_name":"Jaworski","full_name":"Jaworski, K"},{"full_name":"Friml, Jiří","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jiří","last_name":"Friml"}],"pmid":1,"isi":1,"OA_place":"publisher"},{"article_processing_charge":"No","type":"dissertation","date_updated":"2026-04-28T13:42:45Z","degree_awarded":"PhD","ddc":["580"],"file_date_updated":"2025-04-09T13:53:38Z","ec_funded":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478","publication_status":"published","day":"04","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"year":"2025","title":"The cAMP second messenger in auxin signalling","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"supervisor":[{"full_name":"Friml, Jiří","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","first_name":"Jiří","last_name":"Friml"}],"corr_author":"1","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"date_created":"2025-04-04T07:48:24Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JiFr"}],"citation":{"ama":"Chen H. The cAMP second messenger in auxin signalling. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478</a>","ieee":"H. Chen, “The cAMP second messenger in auxin signalling,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","apa":"Chen, H. (2025). <i>The cAMP second messenger in auxin signalling</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478</a>","chicago":"Chen, Huihuang. “The CAMP Second Messenger in Auxin Signalling.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478</a>.","ista":"Chen H. 2025. The cAMP second messenger in auxin signalling. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Chen, Huihuang. <i>The CAMP Second Messenger in Auxin Signalling</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19478</a>.","short":"H. Chen, The CAMP Second Messenger in Auxin Signalling, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025."},"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","month":"04","status":"public","page":"118","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants","_id":"261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"742985"},{"name":"Guanylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFBs auxin receptors","_id":"7bcece63-9f16-11ee-852c-ae94e099eeb6","grant_number":"P37051"},{"name":"Cyclic nucleotides as second messengers in plants","_id":"8f347782-16d5-11f0-9cad-8c19706ee739","grant_number":"101142681"}],"date_published":"2025-04-04T00:00:00Z","_id":"19478","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"OA_place":"publisher","author":[{"full_name":"Chen, Huihuang","id":"83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f","last_name":"Chen","first_name":"Huihuang"}],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","oa_version":"Published Version","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"13212","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"19421","status":"public"}]},"file":[{"file_id":"19526","date_updated":"2025-04-08T08:22:37Z","creator":"hchen","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","date_created":"2025-04-08T08:00:07Z","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","file_name":"Thesis_0403_Huihuang.docx","file_size":16344814,"checksum":"b154973663a1bba505683faab7ae5ead"},{"creator":"hchen","content_type":"application/pdf","date_updated":"2025-04-09T13:53:38Z","file_id":"19527","embargo":"2026-10-08","file_size":8482147,"checksum":"0099565f024388830c125ec17375c1a0","embargo_to":"local","file_name":"Thesis_0406_PDFA_Huihuang_1.pdf","date_created":"2025-04-08T08:00:06Z","relation":"main_file","access_level":"closed"}],"acknowledgement":"This project was funded by the European Research Council Advanced Grant (ETAP-742985),\r\nEuropean Research Council (ERC; 101142681 CYNIPS), Austrian Science Fund (FWF; P\r\n37051-B).","has_accepted_license":"1"},{"citation":{"ieee":"Z. Zhang, H. Chen, S. Peng, and H. Han, “Slow and rapid auxin responses in Arabidopsis,” <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>, vol. 75, no. 18. Oxford University Press, 2024.","ama":"Zhang Z, Chen H, Peng S, Han H. Slow and rapid auxin responses in Arabidopsis. <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>. 2024;75(18). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae246\">10.1093/jxb/erae246</a>","apa":"Zhang, Z., Chen, H., Peng, S., &#38; Han, H. (2024). Slow and rapid auxin responses in Arabidopsis. <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae246\">https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae246</a>","ista":"Zhang Z, Chen H, Peng S, Han H. 2024. Slow and rapid auxin responses in Arabidopsis. Journal of Experimental Botany. 75(18), erae246.","mla":"Zhang, Zilin, et al. “Slow and Rapid Auxin Responses in Arabidopsis.” <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>, vol. 75, no. 18, erae246, Oxford University Press, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae246\">10.1093/jxb/erae246</a>.","short":"Z. Zhang, H. Chen, S. Peng, H. Han, Journal of Experimental Botany 75 (2024).","chicago":"Zhang, Zilin, Huihuang Chen, Shuaiying Peng, and Huibin Han. “Slow and Rapid Auxin Responses in Arabidopsis.” <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>. Oxford University Press, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae246\">https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erae246</a>."},"publisher":"Oxford University Press","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JiFr"}],"date_created":"2024-06-15T19:50:15Z","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"status":"public","month":"09","date_published":"2024-09-27T00:00:00Z","quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0022-0957"]},"intvolume":"        75","issue":"18","_id":"17141","pmid":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Zilin","last_name":"Zhang","full_name":"Zhang, Zilin"},{"full_name":"Chen, Huihuang","id":"83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f","first_name":"Huihuang","last_name":"Chen"},{"first_name":"Shuaiying","last_name":"Peng","full_name":"Peng, Shuaiying"},{"first_name":"Huibin","last_name":"Han","full_name":"Han, Huibin"}],"external_id":{"isi":["001270051200001"],"pmid":["38794966"]},"OA_place":"publisher","isi":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","acknowledgement":"We thank other lab members for their critical comments on this manuscript. We also thank the editor and reviewers for their constructive comments to improve our manuscript. We apologize to authors whose important work we could not include due to space limitations.\r\nThis work is supported by funding from Jiangxi Agricultural University (9232308314) and the Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province (20223BCJ25037) to HBH, and the Science and Technology Department of Jiangxi Province (20202ACB215002) to SYP.","has_accepted_license":"1","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_created":"2025-01-02T10:26:22Z","file_name":"2024_JourExperimentalBotany_Zhang.pdf","checksum":"91b9435ed0f6640809c7588df19abf2f","success":1,"file_size":763097,"file_id":"18720","date_updated":"2025-01-02T10:26:22Z","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst"}],"article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","date_updated":"2025-09-08T07:57:50Z","publication":"Journal of Experimental Botany","type":"journal_article","ddc":["580"],"scopus_import":"1","file_date_updated":"2025-01-02T10:26:22Z","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1093/jxb/erae246","title":"Slow and rapid auxin responses in Arabidopsis","volume":75,"year":"2024","OA_type":"hybrid","day":"27","oa":1,"abstract":[{"text":"The TIR1/AFB–Aux/IAA–ARF canonical auxin signaling pathway is widely accepted to (de)active transcriptional regulation, thus controlling auxin-associated developmental processes. However, the theme of a rapid auxin response has emerged since the 2018 Auxins and Cytokinin in Plant Development conference. To date, a few signaling components have been identified to mediate both slow and rapid auxin responses, which unveils the complexity of auxin signaling.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"erae246"},{"article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","article_type":"letter_note","ddc":["580"],"scopus_import":"1","date_updated":"2026-04-07T11:51:24Z","publication":"Molecular Plant","type":"journal_article","doi":"10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007","publication_status":"published","file_date_updated":"2024-01-29T10:37:05Z","ec_funded":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"Bio"}],"corr_author":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Auxin is the major plant hormone regulating growth and development (Friml, 2022). Forward genetic approaches in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana have identified major components of auxin signalling and established the canonical mechanism mediating transcriptional and thus developmental reprogramming. In this textbook view, TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1)/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX (AFBs) are auxin receptors, which act as F-box subunits determining the substrate specificity of the Skp1-Cullin1-F box protein (SCF) type E3 ubiquitin ligase complex. Auxin acts as a “molecular glue” increasing the affinity between TIR1/AFBs and the Aux/IAA repressors. Subsequently, Aux/IAAs are ubiquitinated and degraded, thus releasing auxin transcription factors from their repression making them free to mediate transcription of auxin response genes (Yu et al., 2022). Nonetheless, accumulating evidence suggests existence of rapid, non-transcriptional responses downstream of TIR1/AFBs such as auxin-induced cytosolic calcium (Ca2+) transients, plasma membrane depolarization and apoplast alkalinisation, all converging on the process of root growth inhibition and root gravitropism (Li et al., 2022). Particularly, these rapid responses are mostly contributed by predominantly cytosolic AFB1, while the long-term growth responses are mediated by mainly nuclear TIR1 and AFB2-AFB5 (Li et al., 2021; Prigge et al., 2020; Serre et al., 2021). How AFB1 conducts auxin-triggered rapid responses and how it is different from TIR1 and AFB2-AFB5 remains elusive. Here, we compare the roles of TIR1 and AFB1 in transcriptional and rapid responses by modulating their subcellular localization in Arabidopsis and by testing their ability to mediate transcriptional responses when part of the minimal auxin circuit reconstituted in yeast."}],"day":"01","oa":1,"volume":16,"title":"Distinct functions of TIR1 and AFB1 receptors in auxin signalling.","year":"2023","status":"public","month":"07","page":"1117-1119","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"date_created":"2023-07-12T07:32:46Z","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"}],"publisher":"Elsevier ","citation":{"chicago":"Chen, Huihuang, Lanxin Li, Minxia Zou, Linlin Qi, and Jiří Friml. “Distinct Functions of TIR1 and AFB1 Receptors in Auxin Signalling.” <i>Molecular Plant</i>. Elsevier , 2023. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007</a>.","mla":"Chen, Huihuang, et al. “Distinct Functions of TIR1 and AFB1 Receptors in Auxin Signalling.” <i>Molecular Plant</i>, vol. 16, no. 7, Elsevier , 2023, pp. 1117–19, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007\">10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007</a>.","short":"H. Chen, L. Li, M. Zou, L. Qi, J. Friml, Molecular Plant 16 (2023) 1117–1119.","ista":"Chen H, Li L, Zou M, Qi L, Friml J. 2023. Distinct functions of TIR1 and AFB1 receptors in auxin signalling. Molecular Plant. 16(7), 1117–1119.","ieee":"H. Chen, L. Li, M. Zou, L. Qi, and J. Friml, “Distinct functions of TIR1 and AFB1 receptors in auxin signalling.,” <i>Molecular Plant</i>, vol. 16, no. 7. Elsevier , pp. 1117–1119, 2023.","apa":"Chen, H., Li, L., Zou, M., Qi, L., &#38; Friml, J. (2023). Distinct functions of TIR1 and AFB1 receptors in auxin signalling. <i>Molecular Plant</i>. Elsevier . <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007</a>","ama":"Chen H, Li L, Zou M, Qi L, Friml J. Distinct functions of TIR1 and AFB1 receptors in auxin signalling. <i>Molecular Plant</i>. 2023;16(7):1117-1119. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007\">10.1016/j.molp.2023.06.007</a>"},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1752-9867"],"eissn":["1674-2052"]},"issue":"7","intvolume":"        16","_id":"13212","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"grant_number":"742985","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants","_id":"261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"date_published":"2023-07-01T00:00:00Z","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"19478","status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","isi":1,"pmid":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Huihuang","last_name":"Chen","id":"83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f","full_name":"Chen, Huihuang"},{"first_name":"Lanxin","last_name":"Li","orcid":"0000-0002-5607-272X","full_name":"Li, Lanxin","id":"367EF8FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"5c243f41-03f3-11ec-841c-96faf48a7ef9","full_name":"Zou, Minxia","first_name":"Minxia","last_name":"Zou"},{"first_name":"Linlin","last_name":"Qi","orcid":"0000-0001-5187-8401","id":"44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425","full_name":"Qi, Linlin"},{"last_name":"Friml","first_name":"Jiří","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"external_id":{"isi":["001044410900001"],"pmid":["37393433"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","acknowledgement":"We thank all the authors for sharing the published materials. This research was supported by the Lab Support Facility and the Imaging and Optics Facility of ISTA. We thank Lukáš Fiedler (ISTA) for critical reading of the manuscript. This project was funded by the European Research Council Advanced Grant (ETAP-742985).","file":[{"file_size":1000871,"success":1,"checksum":"6012b7e4a2f680ee6c1f84001e2b945f","file_name":"2023_MolecularPlant_Chen.pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-01-29T10:37:05Z","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","file_id":"14894","date_updated":"2024-01-29T10:37:05Z"}]},{"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0027-8424"],"eissn":["1091-6490"]},"issue":"31","intvolume":"       119","_id":"11723","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"grant_number":"I03630","name":"Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants","_id":"26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF"},{"grant_number":"25351","_id":"26B4D67E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"A Case Study of Plant Growth Regulation: Molecular Mechanism of Auxin-mediated Rapid Growth Inhibition in Arabidopsis Root"}],"date_published":"2022-07-25T00:00:00Z","status":"public","month":"07","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"date_created":"2022-08-04T20:06:49Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JiFr"}],"citation":{"ieee":"L. Li <i>et al.</i>, “RALF1 peptide triggers biphasic root growth inhibition upstream of auxin biosynthesis,” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>, vol. 119, no. 31. National Academy of Sciences, 2022.","ama":"Li L, Chen H, Alotaibi SS, et al. RALF1 peptide triggers biphasic root growth inhibition upstream of auxin biosynthesis. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. 2022;119(31). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121058119\">10.1073/pnas.2121058119</a>","apa":"Li, L., Chen, H., Alotaibi, S. S., Pěnčík, A., Adamowski, M., Novák, O., &#38; Friml, J. (2022). RALF1 peptide triggers biphasic root growth inhibition upstream of auxin biosynthesis. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. National Academy of Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121058119\">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121058119</a>","mla":"Li, Lanxin, et al. “RALF1 Peptide Triggers Biphasic Root Growth Inhibition Upstream of Auxin Biosynthesis.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>, vol. 119, no. 31, e2121058119, National Academy of Sciences, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121058119\">10.1073/pnas.2121058119</a>.","short":"L. Li, H. Chen, S.S. Alotaibi, A. Pěnčík, M. Adamowski, O. Novák, J. Friml, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 119 (2022).","ista":"Li L, Chen H, Alotaibi SS, Pěnčík A, Adamowski M, Novák O, Friml J. 2022. RALF1 peptide triggers biphasic root growth inhibition upstream of auxin biosynthesis. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 119(31), e2121058119.","chicago":"Li, Lanxin, Huihuang Chen, Saqer S. Alotaibi, Aleš Pěnčík, Maciek Adamowski, Ondřej Novák, and Jiří Friml. “RALF1 Peptide Triggers Biphasic Root Growth Inhibition Upstream of Auxin Biosynthesis.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America</i>. National Academy of Sciences, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121058119\">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2121058119</a>."},"publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","keyword":["Multidisciplinary"],"has_accepted_license":"1","acknowledgement":"We thank Sarah M. Assmann, Kris Vissenberg, and Nadine Paris for kindly sharing seeds; Matyáš Fendrych for initiating this project and providing constant support; Lukas Fiedler for revising the manuscript; and Huibin Han and Arseny Savin for contributing to genotyping. This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) I 3630-B25 (to J.F.) and the Doctoral Fellowship Progrmme of the Austrian Academy of Sciences (to L.L.) We also acknowledge Taif University Researchers Supporting Project TURSP-HC2021/02 and funding “Plants as a tool for sustainable global development (no. CZ.02.1.01/0.0/0.0/16_019/0000827).”","file":[{"checksum":"ae6f19b0d9efba6687f9e4dc1bab1d6e","success":1,"file_size":2506262,"file_name":"2022_PNAS_Li.pdf","date_created":"2022-08-08T07:42:09Z","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","content_type":"application/pdf","date_updated":"2022-08-08T07:42:09Z","file_id":"11747"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","isi":1,"pmid":1,"author":[{"last_name":"Li","first_name":"Lanxin","full_name":"Li, Lanxin","id":"367EF8FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-5607-272X"},{"id":"83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f","full_name":"Chen, Huihuang","first_name":"Huihuang","last_name":"Chen"},{"first_name":"Saqer S.","last_name":"Alotaibi","full_name":"Alotaibi, Saqer S."},{"full_name":"Pěnčík, Aleš","first_name":"Aleš","last_name":"Pěnčík"},{"first_name":"Maciek","last_name":"Adamowski","full_name":"Adamowski, Maciek","orcid":"0000-0001-6463-5257","id":"45F536D2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Novák, Ondřej","last_name":"Novák","first_name":"Ondřej"},{"full_name":"Friml, Jiří","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","last_name":"Friml","first_name":"Jiří"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["35878023"],"isi":["000881496900002"]},"ddc":["580"],"scopus_import":"1","date_updated":"2025-05-14T11:01:00Z","type":"journal_article","publication":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America","article_processing_charge":"No","article_type":"original","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_number":"e2121058119","corr_author":"1","abstract":[{"text":"Plant cell growth responds rapidly to various stimuli, adapting architecture to environmental changes. Two major endogenous signals regulating growth are the phytohormone auxin and the secreted peptides rapid alkalinization factors (RALFs). Both trigger very rapid cellular responses and also exert long-term effects [Du et al., Annu. Rev. Plant Biol. 71, 379–402 (2020); Blackburn et al., Plant Physiol. 182, 1657–1666 (2020)]. However, the way, in which these distinct signaling pathways converge to regulate growth, remains unknown. Here, using vertical confocal microscopy combined with a microfluidic chip, we addressed the mechanism of RALF action on growth. We observed correlation between RALF1-induced rapid Arabidopsis thaliana root growth inhibition and apoplast alkalinization during the initial phase of the response, and revealed that RALF1 reversibly inhibits primary root growth through apoplast alkalinization faster than within 1 min. This rapid apoplast alkalinization was the result of RALF1-induced net H+ influx and was mediated by the receptor FERONIA (FER). Furthermore, we investigated the cross-talk between RALF1 and the auxin signaling pathways during root growth regulation. The results showed that RALF-FER signaling triggered auxin signaling with a delay of approximately 1 h by up-regulating auxin biosynthesis, thus contributing to sustained RALF1-induced growth inhibition. This biphasic RALF1 action on growth allows plants to respond rapidly to environmental stimuli and also reprogram growth and development in the long term.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"25","oa":1,"title":"RALF1 peptide triggers biphasic root growth inhibition upstream of auxin biosynthesis","volume":119,"year":"2022","doi":"10.1073/pnas.2121058119","publication_status":"published","file_date_updated":"2022-08-08T07:42:09Z"},{"page":"133-138","status":"public","month":"11","citation":{"chicago":"Qi, Linlin, Mateusz Kwiatkowski, Huihuang Chen, Lukas Hörmayer, Scott A Sinclair, Minxia Zou, Charo I. del Genio, et al. “Adenylate Cyclase Activity of TIR1/AFB Auxin Receptors in Plants.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7</a>.","short":"L. Qi, M. Kwiatkowski, H. Chen, L. Hörmayer, S.A. Sinclair, M. Zou, C.I. del Genio, M.F. Kubeš, R. Napier, K. Jaworski, J. Friml, Nature 611 (2022) 133–138.","mla":"Qi, Linlin, et al. “Adenylate Cyclase Activity of TIR1/AFB Auxin Receptors in Plants.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 611, no. 7934, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 133–38, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7\">10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7</a>.","ista":"Qi L, Kwiatkowski M, Chen H, Hörmayer L, Sinclair SA, Zou M, del Genio CI, Kubeš MF, Napier R, Jaworski K, Friml J. 2022. Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants. Nature. 611(7934), 133–138.","apa":"Qi, L., Kwiatkowski, M., Chen, H., Hörmayer, L., Sinclair, S. A., Zou, M., … Friml, J. (2022). Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7</a>","ieee":"L. Qi <i>et al.</i>, “Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 611, no. 7934. Springer Nature, pp. 133–138, 2022.","ama":"Qi L, Kwiatkowski M, Chen H, et al. Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants. <i>Nature</i>. 2022;611(7934):133-138. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7\">10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7</a>"},"publisher":"Springer Nature","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"}],"date_created":"2023-01-12T12:06:05Z","issue":"7934","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0028-0836"],"eissn":["1476-4687"]},"intvolume":"       611","_id":"12144","date_published":"2022-11-03T00:00:00Z","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants","grant_number":"742985"}],"quality_controlled":"1","oa_version":"Submitted Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","author":[{"full_name":"Qi, Linlin","id":"44B04502-A9ED-11E9-B6FC-583AE6697425","orcid":"0000-0001-5187-8401","last_name":"Qi","first_name":"Linlin"},{"full_name":"Kwiatkowski, Mateusz","last_name":"Kwiatkowski","first_name":"Mateusz"},{"id":"83c96512-15b2-11ec-abd3-b7eede36184f","full_name":"Chen, Huihuang","last_name":"Chen","first_name":"Huihuang"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8295-2926","id":"2EEE7A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hörmayer, Lukas","first_name":"Lukas","last_name":"Hörmayer"},{"last_name":"Sinclair","first_name":"Scott A","orcid":"0000-0002-4566-0593","full_name":"Sinclair, Scott A","id":"2D99FE6A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"5c243f41-03f3-11ec-841c-96faf48a7ef9","full_name":"Zou, Minxia","first_name":"Minxia","last_name":"Zou"},{"last_name":"del Genio","first_name":"Charo I.","full_name":"del Genio, Charo I."},{"first_name":"Martin F.","last_name":"Kubeš","full_name":"Kubeš, Martin F."},{"full_name":"Napier, Richard","first_name":"Richard","last_name":"Napier"},{"full_name":"Jaworski, Krzysztof","last_name":"Jaworski","first_name":"Krzysztof"},{"first_name":"Jiří","last_name":"Friml","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596"}],"pmid":1,"external_id":{"pmid":["36289340"],"isi":["000875061600013"]},"isi":1,"acknowledgement":"This research was supported by the Lab Support Facility (LSF) and the Imaging and Optics Facility (IOF) of IST Austria. We thank C. Gehring for suggestions and advice; and K. U. Torii and G. Stacey for seeds and plasmids. This project was funded by a European Research Council Advanced Grant (ETAP-742985). M.F.K. and R.N. acknowledge the support of the EU MSCA-IF project CrysPINs (792329). M.K. was supported by the project POWR.03.05.00-00-Z302/17 Universitas Copernicana Thoruniensis in Futuro–IDS “Academia Copernicana”. CIDG acknowledges support from UKRI under Future Leaders Fellowship grant number MR/T020652/1.","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","scopus_import":"1","date_updated":"2025-04-14T07:45:02Z","publication":"Nature","type":"journal_article","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1038/s41586-022-05369-7","ec_funded":1,"main_file_link":[{"url":"http://wrap.warwick.ac.uk/168325/1/WRAP-denylate-cyclase-activity-TIR1-AFB-auxin-receptors-root-growth-22.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"Bio"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The phytohormone auxin is the major coordinative signal in plant development1, mediating transcriptional reprogramming by a well-established canonical signalling pathway. TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1 (TIR1)/AUXIN-SIGNALING F-BOX (AFB) auxin receptors are F-box subunits of ubiquitin ligase complexes. In response to auxin, they associate with Aux/IAA transcriptional repressors and target them for degradation via ubiquitination2,3. Here we identify adenylate cyclase (AC) activity as an additional function of TIR1/AFB receptors across land plants. Auxin, together with Aux/IAAs, stimulates cAMP production. Three separate mutations in the AC motif of the TIR1 C-terminal region, all of which abolish the AC activity, each render TIR1 ineffective in mediating gravitropism and sustained auxin-induced root growth inhibition, and also affect auxin-induced transcriptional regulation. These results highlight the importance of TIR1/AFB AC activity in canonical auxin signalling. They also identify a unique phytohormone receptor cassette combining F-box and AC motifs, and the role of cAMP as a second messenger in plants."}],"corr_author":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":611,"title":"Adenylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFB auxin receptors in plants","year":"2022","day":"03","oa":1}]