---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21009'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We demonstrate that periodically driven quantum rotors provide a promising
and broadly applicable platform to implement multigap topological phases, where
groups of bands can acquire topological invariants due to non-Abelian braiding
of band degeneracies. By adiabatically varying the periodic kicks to the rotor
we find nodal-line braiding, which causes sign flips of topological charges of
band nodes and can prevent them from annihilating, indicated by nonzero values
of the patch Euler class. In particular, we report on the emergence of an anomalous
Dirac string phase arising in the strongly driven regime, a truly out-of-equilibrium
phase of the quantum rotor. This phase emanates from braiding processes involving
all (quasienergy) gaps and manifests itself with edge states at zero angular momentum.
Our results reveal direct applications in state-of-the-art experiments of quantum
rotors, such as linear molecules driven by periodic far-off-resonant laser pulses
or artificial quantum rotors in optical lattices, whose extensive versatility
offers precise modification and observation of novel non-Abelian topological properties.
acknowledgement: We thank G. M. Koutentakis, S. Wimberger, J. G. E. Harris, T. Enss,
and A. Ghazaryan for fruitful discussions. M.L. acknowledges support by the European
Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant No. 801770 (ANGULON). R.-J.S. acknowledges
funding from a EPSRC ERC underwrite (Grant No. EP/X025829/1), a EPSRC New Investigator
Award (Grant No. EP/W00187X/1), and Trinity College, Cambridge. F.N.Ü. acknowledges
support from the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Programme of the European Commission (Grant
No. 893915), a Simons Investigator Award (Grant No. 511029), Trinity College Cambridge,
and the Royal Society (Grant No. URF/R1/241667).
article_number: '012216'
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
- first_name: Adrien
full_name: Bouhon, Adrien
last_name: Bouhon
- first_name: Robert-Jan
full_name: Slager, Robert-Jan
last_name: Slager
- first_name: F. Nur
full_name: Ünal, F. Nur
last_name: Ünal
citation:
ama: Karle V, Lemeshko M, Bouhon A, Slager R-J, Ünal FN. Anomalous multigap topological
phases in periodically driven quantum rotors. Physical Review A. 2026;113(1).
doi:10.1103/db9d-9bns
apa: Karle, V., Lemeshko, M., Bouhon, A., Slager, R.-J., & Ünal, F. N. (2026).
Anomalous multigap topological phases in periodically driven quantum rotors. Physical
Review A. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/db9d-9bns
chicago: Karle, Volker, Mikhail Lemeshko, Adrien Bouhon, Robert-Jan Slager, and
F. Nur Ünal. “Anomalous Multigap Topological Phases in Periodically Driven Quantum
Rotors.” Physical Review A. American Physical Society, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1103/db9d-9bns.
ieee: V. Karle, M. Lemeshko, A. Bouhon, R.-J. Slager, and F. N. Ünal, “Anomalous
multigap topological phases in periodically driven quantum rotors,” Physical
Review A, vol. 113, no. 1. American Physical Society, 2026.
ista: Karle V, Lemeshko M, Bouhon A, Slager R-J, Ünal FN. 2026. Anomalous multigap
topological phases in periodically driven quantum rotors. Physical Review A. 113(1),
012216.
mla: Karle, Volker, et al. “Anomalous Multigap Topological Phases in Periodically
Driven Quantum Rotors.” Physical Review A, vol. 113, no. 1, 012216, American
Physical Society, 2026, doi:10.1103/db9d-9bns.
short: V. Karle, M. Lemeshko, A. Bouhon, R.-J. Slager, F.N. Ünal, Physical Review
A 113 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-01-20T10:06:07Z
date_published: 2026-01-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-29T08:59:30Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
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doi: 10.1103/db9d-9bns
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
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- '2408.16848'
file:
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file_size: 2650256
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- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 2688CF98-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '801770'
name: 'Angulon: physics and applications of a new quasiparticle'
publication: Physical Review A
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2469-9934
issn:
- 2469-9926
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publisher: American Physical Society
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title: Anomalous multigap topological phases in periodically driven quantum rotors
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type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 113
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '19393'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Rotations constitute one of the fundamental symmetries in physics, characterized
by their intricate group structure and infinite dimensional representations. In
contrast to classical rotations, quantum mechanics unveils the SO(3) symmetry
group structure, manifesting in phenomena without classical counterparts, from
angular momentum quantization to non-trivial addition of angular momenta.\r\nWhile
most studies of topological physics have focused on two-band systems, the SO(3)
symmetry group of quantum rotors offers an inherently more complex platform with
unprecedented possibilities for exploring topological phenomena. Despite their
ubiquity in nature– from molecules to nanorotors– their potential for hosting
topological phases has remained largely unexamined.\r\nIn this thesis, we mainly
focus on periodically driven linear molecules as a prototype for studying topological
phenomena in quantum rotors. Recent technological advances in coherent control
of molecules, particularly through precisely shaped laser pulses, have made it
possible to investigate linear rotors in the context of topology. While planar
rotors have received some attention in recent years, threedimensional rotors–particularly
linear molecules–harbor substantially richer topological phenomena due to their
non-abelian nature and their additional angular degrees of freedom. We demonstrate
that these systems can host novel edge states and topological features fundamentally
impossible in planar systems.\r\nWe begin by establishing a theoretical bridge
between periodically kicked rotors and \"crystalline\" lattices in angular momentum
space. Using non-interacting linear molecules as our primary example, we show
how quantum interference and revival patterns lead to the possibility to simulate
band models with arbitrary number of bands N. While our framework applies to various
quantum rotors, including nanorotors and kicked Bose-Einstein condensates, linear\r\nmolecules
provide an ideal experimental platform due to their abovementioned precise controllability.\r\nThe
core of this work examines adiabatic dynamics of 3D quantum rotors, establishing
a geometric framework based on the Euler class to characterize its non-abelian
topology. The non-Hermitian nature of the system enables novel braiding behaviors
and topological transitions impossible in static systems, leading to an anomalous
Dirac string phase with edge states in each gap, even though the Berry phases
are all zero. These features can be directly observed through\r\nmolecular alignment
and rotational level populations.\r\nThese findings establish quantum rotors as
an alternative platform for studying multi-band topological physics, while suggesting
practical implementations for quantum computation where topological protection
could offer natural resilience against decoherence. The rich structure of three-dimensional
rotation groups, combined with the tunability of topological features through
driving parameters, makes this platform particularly valuable for exploring fundamental\r\nphysics
and developing quantum technologies."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
citation:
ama: Karle V. Non-equilibrium topological phases with periodically driven molecules
and quantum rotors. 2025. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-19393
apa: Karle, V. (2025). Non-equilibrium topological phases with periodically driven
molecules and quantum rotors. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19393
chicago: Karle, Volker. “Non-Equilibrium Topological Phases with Periodically Driven
Molecules and Quantum Rotors.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19393.
ieee: V. Karle, “Non-equilibrium topological phases with periodically driven molecules
and quantum rotors,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.
ista: Karle V. 2025. Non-equilibrium topological phases with periodically driven
molecules and quantum rotors. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Karle, Volker. Non-Equilibrium Topological Phases with Periodically Driven
Molecules and Quantum Rotors. Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
2025, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-19393.
short: V. Karle, Non-Equilibrium Topological Phases with Periodically Driven Molecules
and Quantum Rotors, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-03-12T13:04:59Z
date_published: 2025-03-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-29T08:59:30Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '530'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-19393
file:
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file_name: thesis.zip
file_size: 23119202
relation: source_file
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has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '192'
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
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relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '12788'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '9903'
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- id: '15004'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '19425'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
title: Non-equilibrium topological phases with periodically driven molecules and quantum
rotors
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
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user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
year: '2025'
...
---
_id: '14851'
abstract:
- lang: ger
text: Die Quantenrotation ist ein spannendes Phänomen, das in vielen verschiedenen
Systemen auftritt, von Molekülen und Atomen bis hin zu subatomaren Teilchen wie
Neutronen und Protonen. Durch den Einsatz von starken Laserpulsen ist es möglich,
die mathematisch anspruchsvolle Topologie der Rotation von Molekülen aufzudecken
und topologisch geschützte Zustände zu erzeugen, die unerwartetes Verhalten zeigen.
Diese Entdeckungen könnten Auswirkungen auf die Molekülphysik und physikalische
Chemie haben und die Entwicklung neuer Technologien ermöglichen. Die Verbindung
von Quantenrotation und Topologie stellt ein aufregendes, interdisziplinäres Forschungsfeld
dar und bietet neue Wege zur Kontrolle und Nutzung von quantenmechanischen Phänomenen.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
citation:
ama: Karle V, Lemeshko M. Die faszinierende Topologie rotierender Quanten. Physik
in unserer Zeit. 2024;55(1):28-33. doi:10.1002/piuz.202301690
apa: Karle, V., & Lemeshko, M. (2024). Die faszinierende Topologie rotierender
Quanten. Physik in unserer Zeit. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/piuz.202301690
chicago: Karle, Volker, and Mikhail Lemeshko. “Die faszinierende Topologie rotierender
Quanten.” Physik in unserer Zeit. Wiley, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1002/piuz.202301690.
ieee: V. Karle and M. Lemeshko, “Die faszinierende Topologie rotierender Quanten,”
Physik in unserer Zeit, vol. 55, no. 1. Wiley, pp. 28–33, 2024.
ista: Karle V, Lemeshko M. 2024. Die faszinierende Topologie rotierender Quanten.
Physik in unserer Zeit. 55(1), 28–33.
mla: Karle, Volker, and Mikhail Lemeshko. “Die faszinierende Topologie rotierender
Quanten.” Physik in unserer Zeit, vol. 55, no. 1, Wiley, 2024, pp. 28–33,
doi:10.1002/piuz.202301690.
short: V. Karle, M. Lemeshko, Physik in unserer Zeit 55 (2024) 28–33.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-01-22T08:19:36Z
date_published: 2024-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T11:48:52Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1002/piuz.202301690
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 3051dadcf9bc57da97e36b647c596ab1
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2024-01-23T12:18:07Z
date_updated: 2024-01-23T12:18:07Z
file_id: '14878'
file_name: 2024_PhysikZeit_Karle.pdf
file_size: 1155244
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-01-23T12:18:07Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1002/piuz.202301690
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 55'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- General Earth and Planetary Sciences
- General Environmental Science
language:
- iso: ger
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 28-33
publication: Physik in unserer Zeit
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1521-3943
issn:
- 0031-9252
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
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- id: '19393'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
title: Die faszinierende Topologie rotierender Quanten
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 55
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '15004'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The impulsive limit (the “sudden approximation”) has been widely employed
to describe the interaction between molecules and short, far-off-resonant laser
pulses. This approximation assumes that the timescale of the laser-molecule interaction
is significantly shorter than the internal rotational period of the molecule,
resulting in the rotational motion being instantaneously “frozen” during the interaction.
This simplified description of the laser-molecule interaction is incorporated
in various theoretical models predicting rotational dynamics of molecules driven
by short laser pulses. In this theoretical work, we develop an effective theory
for ultrashort laser pulses by examining the full time-evolution operator and
solving the time-dependent Schrödinger equation at the operator level. Our findings
reveal a critical angular momentum, lcrit, at which the impulsive limit breaks
down. In other words, the validity of the sudden approximation depends not only
on the pulse duration but also on its intensity, since the latter determines how
many angular momentum states are populated. We explore both ultrashort multicycle
(Gaussian) pulses and the somewhat less studied half-cycle pulses, which produce
distinct effective potentials. We discuss the limitations of the impulsive limit
and propose a method that rescales the effective matrix elements, enabling an
improved and more accurate description of laser-molecule interactions.
acknowledgement: We thank Bretislav Friedrich, Marjan Mirahmadi, Artem Volosniev,
and Burkhard Schmidt for insightful discussions. M.L. acknowledges support by the
European Research Council (ERC) under Starting Grant No. 801770 (ANGULON).
article_number: '023101'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
citation:
ama: 'Karle V, Lemeshko M. Modeling laser pulses as δ kicks: Reevaluating the impulsive
limit in molecular rotational dynamics. Physical Review A. 2024;109(2).
doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.109.023101'
apa: 'Karle, V., & Lemeshko, M. (2024). Modeling laser pulses as δ kicks: Reevaluating
the impulsive limit in molecular rotational dynamics. Physical Review A.
American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.023101'
chicago: 'Karle, Volker, and Mikhail Lemeshko. “Modeling Laser Pulses as δ Kicks:
Reevaluating the Impulsive Limit in Molecular Rotational Dynamics.” Physical
Review A. American Physical Society, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.023101.'
ieee: 'V. Karle and M. Lemeshko, “Modeling laser pulses as δ kicks: Reevaluating
the impulsive limit in molecular rotational dynamics,” Physical Review A,
vol. 109, no. 2. American Physical Society, 2024.'
ista: 'Karle V, Lemeshko M. 2024. Modeling laser pulses as δ kicks: Reevaluating
the impulsive limit in molecular rotational dynamics. Physical Review A. 109(2),
023101.'
mla: 'Karle, Volker, and Mikhail Lemeshko. “Modeling Laser Pulses as δ Kicks: Reevaluating
the Impulsive Limit in Molecular Rotational Dynamics.” Physical Review A,
vol. 109, no. 2, 023101, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.109.023101.'
short: V. Karle, M. Lemeshko, Physical Review A 109 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-02-18T23:01:01Z
date_published: 2024-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T11:48:53Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.109.023101
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2307.07256'
isi:
- '001158043800006'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.109.023101
intvolume: ' 109'
isi: 1
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2307.07256
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 2688CF98-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '801770'
name: 'Angulon: physics and applications of a new quasiparticle'
publication: Physical Review A
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2469-9934
issn:
- 2469-9926
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '19393'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Modeling laser pulses as δ kicks: Reevaluating the impulsive limit in molecular
rotational dynamics'
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 109
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '19425'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We demonstrate that periodically driven quantum rotors provide a promising
and broadly applicable platform to implement multi-gap topological phases, where
groups of bands can acquire topological invariants due to non-Abelian braiding
of band degeneracies. By adiabatically varying the periodic kicks to the rotor
we find nodal-line braiding, which causes sign flips of topological charges of
band nodes and can prevent them from annihilating, indicated by non-zero values
of the %non-Abelian patch Euler class. In particular, we report\r\non the emergence
of an anomalous Dirac string phase arising in the strongly driven regime, a truly
out-of-equilibrium phase of the quantum rotor. This phase emanates from braiding
processes involving all (quasienergy) gaps and manifests itself with edge states
at zero angular momentum. Our results reveal direct applications in state-of-the-art
experiments of quantum rotors, such as linear molecules driven by periodic far-off-resonant
laser pulses or artificial\r\nquantum rotors in optical lattices, whose extensive
versatility offers precise modification and observation of novel non-Abelian topological
properties. "
acknowledgement: "We thank G. M. Koutentakis, S. Wimberger, J. G. E. Harris, T. Enss
and A. Ghazaryan for fruitful discussions. M.L. acknowledges support by the European
Research Council (ERC) Starting Grant No. 801770 (ANGULON). R.-J. S. acknowledges
funding from a EPSRC ERC underwrite grant EP/X025829/1, a EPSRC New Investigator
Award grant EP/W00187X/1, as well as Trinity College, Cambridge. F.N.U. acknowledges
support from the Marie ¨Sk lodowska-Curie programme of the European Commission [Grant
No. 893915], Simons Investigator Award\r\n[Grant No. 511029] and Trinity College
Cambridge."
article_number: '2408.16848'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
- first_name: Adrien
full_name: Bouhon, Adrien
last_name: Bouhon
- first_name: Robert-Jan
full_name: Slager, Robert-Jan
last_name: Slager
- first_name: F. Nur
full_name: Ünal, F. Nur
last_name: Ünal
citation:
ama: Karle V, Lemeshko M, Bouhon A, Slager R-J, Ünal FN. Anomalous multi-gap topological
phases in periodically driven quantum rotors. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2408.16848
apa: Karle, V., Lemeshko, M., Bouhon, A., Slager, R.-J., & Ünal, F. N. (n.d.).
Anomalous multi-gap topological phases in periodically driven quantum rotors.
arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.16848
chicago: Karle, Volker, Mikhail Lemeshko, Adrien Bouhon, Robert-Jan Slager, and
F. Nur Ünal. “Anomalous Multi-Gap Topological Phases in Periodically Driven Quantum
Rotors.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.16848.
ieee: V. Karle, M. Lemeshko, A. Bouhon, R.-J. Slager, and F. N. Ünal, “Anomalous
multi-gap topological phases in periodically driven quantum rotors,” arXiv.
.
ista: Karle V, Lemeshko M, Bouhon A, Slager R-J, Ünal FN. Anomalous multi-gap topological
phases in periodically driven quantum rotors. arXiv, 2408.16848.
mla: Karle, Volker, et al. “Anomalous Multi-Gap Topological Phases in Periodically
Driven Quantum Rotors.” ArXiv, 2408.16848, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2408.16848.
short: V. Karle, M. Lemeshko, A. Bouhon, R.-J. Slager, F.N. Ünal, ArXiv (n.d.).
date_created: 2025-03-20T07:48:23Z
date_published: 2024-08-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-29T08:59:31Z
day: '29'
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2408.16848
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2408.16848'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.16848
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.16848
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 2688CF98-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '801770'
name: 'Angulon: physics and applications of a new quasiparticle'
publication: arXiv
publication_status: draft
related_material:
record:
- id: '19393'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
- id: '21009'
relation: later_version
status: public
status: public
title: Anomalous multi-gap topological phases in periodically driven quantum rotors
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '12788'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We show that the simplest of existing molecules—closed-shell diatomics not
interacting with one another—host topological charges when driven by periodic
far-off-resonant laser pulses. A periodically kicked molecular rotor can be mapped
onto a “crystalline” lattice in angular momentum space. This allows us to define
quasimomenta and the band structure in the Floquet representation, by analogy
with the Bloch waves of solid-state physics. Applying laser pulses spaced by 1/3
of the molecular rotational period creates a lattice with three atoms per unit
cell with staggered hopping. Within the synthetic dimension of the laser strength,
we discover Dirac cones with topological charges. These Dirac cones, topologically
protected by reflection and time-reversal symmetry, are reminiscent of (although
not equivalent to) that seen in graphene. They—and the corresponding edge states—are
broadly tunable by adjusting the laser strength and can be observed in present-day
experiments by measuring molecular alignment and populations of rotational levels.
This paves the way to study controllable topological physics in gas-phase experiments
with small molecules as well as to classify dynamical molecular states by their
topological invariants.
acknowledgement: M. L. acknowledges support by the European Research Council (ERC)
Starting Grant No. 801770 (ANGULON).
article_number: '103202'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
- first_name: Areg
full_name: Ghazaryan, Areg
id: 4AF46FD6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Ghazaryan
orcid: 0000-0001-9666-3543
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Lemeshko, Mikhail
id: 37CB05FA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lemeshko
orcid: 0000-0002-6990-7802
citation:
ama: Karle V, Ghazaryan A, Lemeshko M. Topological charges of periodically kicked
molecules. Physical Review Letters. 2023;130(10). doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.103202
apa: Karle, V., Ghazaryan, A., & Lemeshko, M. (2023). Topological charges of
periodically kicked molecules. Physical Review Letters. American Physical
Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.103202
chicago: Karle, Volker, Areg Ghazaryan, and Mikhail Lemeshko. “Topological Charges
of Periodically Kicked Molecules.” Physical Review Letters. American Physical
Society, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.103202.
ieee: V. Karle, A. Ghazaryan, and M. Lemeshko, “Topological charges of periodically
kicked molecules,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 130, no. 10. American
Physical Society, 2023.
ista: Karle V, Ghazaryan A, Lemeshko M. 2023. Topological charges of periodically
kicked molecules. Physical Review Letters. 130(10), 103202.
mla: Karle, Volker, et al. “Topological Charges of Periodically Kicked Molecules.”
Physical Review Letters, vol. 130, no. 10, 103202, American Physical Society,
2023, doi:10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.103202.
short: V. Karle, A. Ghazaryan, M. Lemeshko, Physical Review Letters 130 (2023).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-04-02T22:01:10Z
date_published: 2023-03-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T11:48:53Z
day: '10'
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.103202
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2206.07067'
isi:
- '000957635500003'
pmid:
- '36962042'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.130.103202
intvolume: ' 130'
isi: 1
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2206.07067
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 2688CF98-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '801770'
name: 'Angulon: physics and applications of a new quasiparticle'
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1079-7114
issn:
- 0031-9007
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on the ISTA website
relation: press_release
url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/topology-of-rotating-molecules/
record:
- id: '19393'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Topological charges of periodically kicked molecules
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 130
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '9903'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Eigenstate thermalization in quantum many-body systems implies that eigenstates
at high energy are similar to random vectors. Identifying systems where at least
some eigenstates are nonthermal is an outstanding question. In this Letter we
show that interacting quantum models that have a nullspace—a degenerate subspace
of eigenstates at zero energy (zero modes), which corresponds to infinite temperature,
provide a route to nonthermal eigenstates. We analytically show the existence
of a zero mode which can be represented as a matrix product state for a certain
class of local Hamiltonians. In the more general case we use a subspace disentangling
algorithm to generate an orthogonal basis of zero modes characterized by increasing
entanglement entropy. We show evidence for an area-law entanglement scaling of
the least-entangled zero mode in the broad parameter regime, leading to a conjecture
that all local Hamiltonians with the nullspace feature zero modes with area-law
entanglement scaling and, as such, break the strong thermalization hypothesis.
Finally, we find zero modes in constrained models and propose a setup for observing
their experimental signatures.
acknowledgement: "We acknowledge useful discussions with V. Gritsev and A. Garkun
and suggestions on implementation of the\r\nPPXPP model by D. Bluvstein. A. M. and
M. S. were supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under\r\nthe European
Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 850899)"
article_number: '060602'
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: letter_note
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
- first_name: Maksym
full_name: Serbyn, Maksym
id: 47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Serbyn
orcid: 0000-0002-2399-5827
- first_name: Alexios
full_name: Michailidis, Alexios
id: 36EBAD38-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Michailidis
orcid: 0000-0002-8443-1064
citation:
ama: Karle V, Serbyn M, Michailidis A. Area-law entangled eigenstates from nullspaces
of local Hamiltonians. Physical Review Letters. 2021;127(6). doi:10.1103/physrevlett.127.060602
apa: Karle, V., Serbyn, M., & Michailidis, A. (2021). Area-law entangled eigenstates
from nullspaces of local Hamiltonians. Physical Review Letters. American
Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.127.060602
chicago: Karle, Volker, Maksym Serbyn, and Alexios Michailidis. “Area-Law Entangled
Eigenstates from Nullspaces of Local Hamiltonians.” Physical Review Letters.
American Physical Society, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.127.060602.
ieee: V. Karle, M. Serbyn, and A. Michailidis, “Area-law entangled eigenstates from
nullspaces of local Hamiltonians,” Physical Review Letters, vol. 127, no.
6. American Physical Society, 2021.
ista: Karle V, Serbyn M, Michailidis A. 2021. Area-law entangled eigenstates from
nullspaces of local Hamiltonians. Physical Review Letters. 127(6), 060602.
mla: Karle, Volker, et al. “Area-Law Entangled Eigenstates from Nullspaces of Local
Hamiltonians.” Physical Review Letters, vol. 127, no. 6, 060602, American
Physical Society, 2021, doi:10.1103/physrevlett.127.060602.
short: V. Karle, M. Serbyn, A. Michailidis, Physical Review Letters 127 (2021).
date_created: 2021-08-13T09:27:39Z
date_published: 2021-08-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T11:48:53Z
day: '06'
ddc:
- '539'
department:
- _id: MaSe
- _id: GradSch
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1103/physrevlett.127.060602
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2102.13633'
isi:
- '000684276000002'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 51218f302dcef99d90d1209809fcc874
content_type: application/pdf
creator: mserbyn
date_created: 2021-08-13T09:28:08Z
date_updated: 2021-08-13T09:28:08Z
file_id: '9904'
file_name: PhysRevLett.127.060602_SOM.pdf
file_size: 5064231
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2021-08-13T09:28:08Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.127.060602
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 127'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 23841C26-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '850899'
name: 'Non-Ergodic Quantum Matter: Universality, Dynamics and Control'
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1079-7114
issn:
- 0031-9007
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '19393'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Area-law entangled eigenstates from nullspaces of local Hamiltonians
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 127
year: '2021'
...
---
_id: '8741'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "In ecology, climate and other fields, (sub)systems have been identified that
can transition into a qualitatively different state when a critical threshold
or tipping point in a driving process is crossed. An understanding of those tipping
elements is of great interest given the increasing influence of humans on the
biophysical Earth system. Complex interactions exist between tipping elements,
e.g. physical mechanisms connect subsystems of the climate system. Based on earlier
work on such coupled nonlinear systems, we systematically assessed the qualitative
long-term behaviour of interacting tipping elements. We developed an understanding
of the consequences of interactions\r\non the tipping behaviour allowing for tipping
cascades to emerge under certain conditions. The (narrative) application of\r\nthese
qualitative results to real-world examples of interacting tipping elements indicates
that tipping cascades with profound consequences may occur: the interacting Greenland
ice sheet and thermohaline ocean circulation might tip before the tipping points
of the isolated subsystems are crossed. The eutrophication of the first lake in
a lake chain might propagate through the following lakes without a crossing of
their individual critical nutrient input levels. The possibility of emerging cascading
tipping dynamics calls for the development of a unified theory of interacting
tipping elements and the quantitative analysis of interacting real-world tipping
elements."
acknowledgement: "V.K. thanks the German National Academic Foundation (Studienstiftung
des deutschen Volkes) for financial\r\nsupport. J.F.D. is grateful for financial
support by the Stordalen Foundation via the Planetary Boundary Research\r\nNetwork
(PB.net), the Earth League’s EarthDoc program and the European Research Council
Advanced Grant\r\nproject ERA (Earth Resilience in the Anthropocene). We are thankful
for support by the Leibniz Association\r\n(project DominoES).\r\nAcknowledgements.
This work has been performed in the context of the copan collaboration and the FutureLab
on Earth\r\nResilience in the Anthropocene at the Potsdam Institute for Climate
Impact Research. Furthermore, we acknowledge\r\ndiscussions with and helpful comments
by N. Wunderling, J. Heitzig and M. Wiedermann."
article_number: '200599'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Ann Kristin
full_name: Klose, Ann Kristin
last_name: Klose
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
- first_name: Ricarda
full_name: Winkelmann, Ricarda
last_name: Winkelmann
- first_name: Jonathan F.
full_name: Donges, Jonathan F.
last_name: Donges
citation:
ama: 'Klose AK, Karle V, Winkelmann R, Donges JF. Emergence of cascading dynamics
in interacting tipping elements of ecology and climate: Cascading dynamics in
tipping elements. Royal Society Open Science. 2020;7(6). doi:10.1098/rsos.200599'
apa: 'Klose, A. K., Karle, V., Winkelmann, R., & Donges, J. F. (2020). Emergence
of cascading dynamics in interacting tipping elements of ecology and climate:
Cascading dynamics in tipping elements. Royal Society Open Science. The
Royal Society. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200599'
chicago: 'Klose, Ann Kristin, Volker Karle, Ricarda Winkelmann, and Jonathan F.
Donges. “Emergence of Cascading Dynamics in Interacting Tipping Elements of Ecology
and Climate: Cascading Dynamics in Tipping Elements.” Royal Society Open Science.
The Royal Society, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200599.'
ieee: 'A. K. Klose, V. Karle, R. Winkelmann, and J. F. Donges, “Emergence of cascading
dynamics in interacting tipping elements of ecology and climate: Cascading dynamics
in tipping elements,” Royal Society Open Science, vol. 7, no. 6. The Royal
Society, 2020.'
ista: 'Klose AK, Karle V, Winkelmann R, Donges JF. 2020. Emergence of cascading
dynamics in interacting tipping elements of ecology and climate: Cascading dynamics
in tipping elements. Royal Society Open Science. 7(6), 200599.'
mla: 'Klose, Ann Kristin, et al. “Emergence of Cascading Dynamics in Interacting
Tipping Elements of Ecology and Climate: Cascading Dynamics in Tipping Elements.”
Royal Society Open Science, vol. 7, no. 6, 200599, The Royal Society, 2020,
doi:10.1098/rsos.200599.'
short: A.K. Klose, V. Karle, R. Winkelmann, J.F. Donges, Royal Society Open Science
7 (2020).
date_created: 2020-11-08T23:01:25Z
date_published: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-03T09:26:55Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
- '550'
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1098/rsos.200599
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1910.12042'
isi:
- '000545625200001'
pmid:
- '32742700'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 5505c445de373bfd836eb4d3b48b1f37
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-11-09T09:07:11Z
date_updated: 2020-11-09T09:07:11Z
file_id: '8748'
file_name: 2020_RoyalSocOpenScience_Klose.pdf
file_size: 1611485
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-11-09T09:07:11Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rsos.200599
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 7'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Royal Society Open Science
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2054-5703
publication_status: published
publisher: The Royal Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Emergence of cascading dynamics in interacting tipping elements of ecology
and climate: Cascading dynamics in tipping elements'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 7
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '6632'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We consider a two-component Bose gas in two dimensions at a low temperature
with short-range repulsive interaction. In the coexistence phase where both components
are superfluid, interspecies interactions induce a nondissipative drag between
the two superfluid flows (Andreev-Bashkin effect). We show that this behavior
leads to a modification of the usual Berezinskii-Kosterlitz-Thouless (BKT) transition
in two dimensions. We extend the renormalization of the superfluid densities at
finite temperature using the renormalization-group approach and find that the
vortices of one component have a large influence on the superfluid properties
of the other, mediated by the nondissipative drag. The extended BKT flow equations indicate that the occurrence of the
vortex unbinding transition in one of the components can induce the breakdown
of superfluidity also in the other, leading to a locking phenomenon for the critical
temperatures of the two gases.
article_number: '063627'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Volker
full_name: Karle, Volker
id: D7C012AE-D7ED-11E9-95E8-1EC5E5697425
last_name: Karle
orcid: 0000-0002-6963-0129
- first_name: Nicolò
full_name: Defenu, Nicolò
last_name: Defenu
- first_name: Tilman
full_name: Enss, Tilman
last_name: Enss
citation:
ama: Karle V, Defenu N, Enss T. Coupled superfluidity of binary Bose mixtures in
two dimensions. Physical Review A. 2019;99(6). doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.99.063627
apa: Karle, V., Defenu, N., & Enss, T. (2019). Coupled superfluidity of binary
Bose mixtures in two dimensions. Physical Review A. American Physical Society.
https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.99.063627
chicago: Karle, Volker, Nicolò Defenu, and Tilman Enss. “Coupled Superfluidity of
Binary Bose Mixtures in Two Dimensions.” Physical Review A. American Physical
Society, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.99.063627.
ieee: V. Karle, N. Defenu, and T. Enss, “Coupled superfluidity of binary Bose mixtures
in two dimensions,” Physical Review A, vol. 99, no. 6. American Physical
Society, 2019.
ista: Karle V, Defenu N, Enss T. 2019. Coupled superfluidity of binary Bose mixtures
in two dimensions. Physical Review A. 99(6), 063627.
mla: Karle, Volker, et al. “Coupled Superfluidity of Binary Bose Mixtures in Two
Dimensions.” Physical Review A, vol. 99, no. 6, 063627, American Physical
Society, 2019, doi:10.1103/PhysRevA.99.063627.
short: V. Karle, N. Defenu, T. Enss, Physical Review A 99 (2019).
date_created: 2019-07-14T21:59:17Z
date_published: 2019-06-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-10T11:53:40Z
day: '28'
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevA.99.063627
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1903.06759'
isi:
- '000473133600007'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevA.99.063627
intvolume: ' 99'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1903.06759
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Physical Review A
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2469-9934
issn:
- 2469-9926
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Coupled superfluidity of binary Bose mixtures in two dimensions
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 99
year: '2019'
...