---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '20324'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We report relaxation oscillations in a one-dimensional array of Josephson
junctions, wherein the array dynamically switches between low-current and high-current
states. The oscillations are current-voltage dual to those ordinarily observed
in single junctions. The current-voltage dual circuit quantitatively accounts
for temporal dynamics of the array, including the dependence on biasing conditions.
Injection locking of the oscillations results in well-developed current plateaux.
A thermal model explains the self-consistent reduction of the superconducting
gap due to overheating of the array in the high-current state. Our work suggests
that overheating determines the switching from the high-current state to the low-current
state.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: We gratefully acknowledge support from the Miba Machine Shop and
the Nanofabrictation Facility at IST Austria. This work was supported by the Austrian
FWF under Grant No. P33692-N (S.M., J.S., and A.P.H.), the European Union’s Horizon
2020 research and innovation program under Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement
No. 754411 (J.S.), and a NOMIS Foundation research grant (A.P.H.).
article_number: '014035'
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Soham
full_name: Mukhopadhyay, Soham
id: FDE60288-A89D-11E9-947F-1AF6E5697425
last_name: Mukhopadhyay
orcid: 0000-0001-5263-5559
- first_name: Diego A
full_name: Lancheros Naranjo, Diego A
id: 6c55e976-15b2-11ec-abd3-d790e8937fde
last_name: Lancheros Naranjo
- first_name: Jorden L
full_name: Senior, Jorden L
id: 5479D234-2D30-11EA-89CC-40953DDC885E
last_name: Senior
orcid: 0000-0002-0672-9295
- first_name: Andrew P
full_name: Higginbotham, Andrew P
id: 4AD6785A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Higginbotham
orcid: 0000-0003-2607-2363
citation:
ama: Mukhopadhyay S, Lancheros Naranjo DA, Senior JL, Higginbotham AP. Dual relaxation
oscillations in a Josephson-junction array. Physical Review Applied. 2025;24.
doi:10.1103/qvls-7s3q
apa: Mukhopadhyay, S., Lancheros Naranjo, D. A., Senior, J. L., & Higginbotham,
A. P. (2025). Dual relaxation oscillations in a Josephson-junction array. Physical
Review Applied. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/qvls-7s3q
chicago: Mukhopadhyay, Soham, Diego A Lancheros Naranjo, Jorden L Senior, and Andrew
P Higginbotham. “Dual Relaxation Oscillations in a Josephson-Junction Array.”
Physical Review Applied. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/qvls-7s3q.
ieee: S. Mukhopadhyay, D. A. Lancheros Naranjo, J. L. Senior, and A. P. Higginbotham,
“Dual relaxation oscillations in a Josephson-junction array,” Physical Review
Applied, vol. 24. American Physical Society, 2025.
ista: Mukhopadhyay S, Lancheros Naranjo DA, Senior JL, Higginbotham AP. 2025. Dual
relaxation oscillations in a Josephson-junction array. Physical Review Applied.
24, 014035.
mla: Mukhopadhyay, Soham, et al. “Dual Relaxation Oscillations in a Josephson-Junction
Array.” Physical Review Applied, vol. 24, 014035, American Physical Society,
2025, doi:10.1103/qvls-7s3q.
short: S. Mukhopadhyay, D.A. Lancheros Naranjo, J.L. Senior, A.P. Higginbotham,
Physical Review Applied 24 (2025).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-09-10T05:41:30Z
date_published: 2025-07-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-03T07:16:04Z
day: '17'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
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- _id: AnHi
doi: 10.1103/qvls-7s3q
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
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language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
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grant_number: P33692
name: Cavity electromechanics across a quantum phase transition
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '754411'
name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
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name: Protected states of quantum matter
publication: Physical Review Applied
publication_identifier:
issn:
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publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
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status: public
title: Dual relaxation oscillations in a Josephson-junction array
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 24
year: '2025'
...
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OA_place: publisher
_id: '17881'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "This work can be broadly classified into the study of critical phenomena
in a one dimensional\r\narray of Josephson junctions. While we study quantum criticality
when the array is in thermal\r\nequilibrium at zero bias, the non-equilibrium
study involves understanding the bistability of the\r\narray at a critical non-zero
bias. This work furthers our knowledge in understanding quantum\r\ncritical behaviour
at finite temperatures in a one dimensional Josephson array, while also\r\nestablishing
relaxation behaviour dual to that observed in a single Josephson junction.\r\nChapter
1 briefly introduces the model to understand superconductor-insulator phase transition\r\nin
a one dimensional Josephson array and points out the state of the field from where
we\r\nstarted our zero-bias experiments. In this context it discusses the phase-charge
duality observed\r\nin a Josephson array and its dual hysteretic behaviour to
that of a single junction, setting the\r\nground for our non-equilibrium study
of the array.\r\nChapter 2 shows the experimental setup and the chip layout of
the device we measured.\r\nIn chapter 3 we show that, unlike the typical quantum-critical
broadening scenario, in one dimensional Josephson arrays temperature dramatically
shifts the critical region. This shift leads\r\nto a regime of superconductivity
at high temperature, arising from the melted zero-temperature\r\ninsulator. Our
results quantitatively explain the low-temperature onset of superconductivity
in\r\nnominally insulating regimes, and the transition to the strongly insulating
phase. We further\r\npresent, to our knowledge, the first understanding of the
onset of anomalous-metallic resistance\r\nsaturation [30]. This work demonstrates
a non-trivial interplay between thermal effects and\r\nquantum criticality. A
practical consequence is that, counterintuitively, the coherence of\r\nhigh-impedance
quantum circuits is expected to be stabilized by thermal fluctuations.\r\nIn chapter
4, we show relaxation oscillations in a current-biased one dimensional array of\r\nJosephson
junctions. These oscillations are well described by a circuit model, dual to the\r\nordinary
Josephson relaxation oscillations [72]. Injection locking these oscillations results
in\r\ncurrent plateaux. The relaxation step is found to obey a characteristic
self-consistent relation,\r\nsuggesting that it is governed by overheating effects.\r\nChapter
5 describes the various checks and analysis we performed to support our conclusions\r\nmade
in chapters 3 and 4.\r\nFinally, chapter 6 describes the nanofabrication steps
and the finite element electromagnetic\r\nsimulations we performed to fabricate
our devices."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Soham
full_name: Mukhopadhyay, Soham
id: FDE60288-A89D-11E9-947F-1AF6E5697425
last_name: Mukhopadhyay
orcid: 0000-0001-5263-5559
citation:
ama: Mukhopadhyay S. Thermal effects in one dimensional Josephson chains. 2024.
doi:10.15479/at:ista:17881
apa: Mukhopadhyay, S. (2024). Thermal effects in one dimensional Josephson chains.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17881
chicago: Mukhopadhyay, Soham. “Thermal Effects in One Dimensional Josephson Chains.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17881.
ieee: S. Mukhopadhyay, “Thermal effects in one dimensional Josephson chains,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.
ista: Mukhopadhyay S. 2024. Thermal effects in one dimensional Josephson chains.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Mukhopadhyay, Soham. Thermal Effects in One Dimensional Josephson Chains.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:17881.
short: S. Mukhopadhyay, Thermal Effects in One Dimensional Josephson Chains, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-09-08T10:23:25Z
date_published: 2024-09-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-03T07:16:04Z
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degree_awarded: PhD
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- _id: AnHi
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oa_version: Published Version
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grant_number: P33692
name: Cavity electromechanics across a quantum phase transition
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- 978-3-99078-043-5
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
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relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '18057'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Andrew P
full_name: Higginbotham, Andrew P
id: 4AD6785A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Higginbotham
orcid: 0000-0003-2607-2363
title: Thermal effects in one dimensional Josephson chains
type: dissertation
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: repository
_id: '18057'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We report relaxation oscillations in a one-dimensional array of Josephson\r\njunctions.
The oscillations are circuit-dual to those ordinarily observed in\r\nsingle junctions.
The dual circuit quantitatively accounts for temporal\r\ndynamics of the array,
including the dependence on biasing conditions.\r\nInjection locking the oscillations
results in well-developed current plateaux.\r\nA thermal model explains the relaxation
step of the oscillations."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: "We gratefully acknowledge support from the MIBA machine shop and
Nanofabrication Facility at IST Austria. Work was supported by Austrian FWF grant
P33692-N (S.M., J.S. and A.P.H.), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and
Innovation program under the Marie Sk lodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 754411
(J.S.), and a NOMIS foundation research grant (A.P.H.).\r\n"
article_number: '2408.07829'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Soham
full_name: Mukhopadhyay, Soham
id: FDE60288-A89D-11E9-947F-1AF6E5697425
last_name: Mukhopadhyay
orcid: 0000-0001-5263-5559
- first_name: Diego A
full_name: Lancheros Naranjo, Diego A
id: 6c55e976-15b2-11ec-abd3-d790e8937fde
last_name: Lancheros Naranjo
- first_name: Jorden L
full_name: Senior, Jorden L
id: 5479D234-2D30-11EA-89CC-40953DDC885E
last_name: Senior
orcid: 0000-0002-0672-9295
- first_name: Andrew P
full_name: Higginbotham, Andrew P
id: 4AD6785A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Higginbotham
orcid: 0000-0003-2607-2363
citation:
ama: Mukhopadhyay S, Lancheros Naranjo DA, Senior JL, Higginbotham AP. Dual relaxation
oscillations in a Josephson junction array. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2408.07829
apa: Mukhopadhyay, S., Lancheros Naranjo, D. A., Senior, J. L., & Higginbotham,
A. P. (n.d.). Dual relaxation oscillations in a Josephson junction array. arXiv.
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.07829
chicago: Mukhopadhyay, Soham, Diego A Lancheros Naranjo, Jorden L Senior, and Andrew
P Higginbotham. “Dual Relaxation Oscillations in a Josephson Junction Array.”
ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.07829.
ieee: S. Mukhopadhyay, D. A. Lancheros Naranjo, J. L. Senior, and A. P. Higginbotham,
“Dual relaxation oscillations in a Josephson junction array,” arXiv. .
ista: Mukhopadhyay S, Lancheros Naranjo DA, Senior JL, Higginbotham AP. Dual relaxation
oscillations in a Josephson junction array. arXiv, 2408.07829.
mla: Mukhopadhyay, Soham, et al. “Dual Relaxation Oscillations in a Josephson Junction
Array.” ArXiv, 2408.07829, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2408.07829.
short: S. Mukhopadhyay, D.A. Lancheros Naranjo, J.L. Senior, A.P. Higginbotham,
ArXiv (n.d.).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-09-11T09:25:22Z
date_published: 2024-08-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-09-15T22:30:19Z
day: '14'
department:
- _id: AnHi
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2408.07829
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2408.07829'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.07829
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2408.07829
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '754411'
name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
- _id: 0aa3608a-070f-11eb-9043-e9cd8a2bd931
grant_number: P33692
name: Cavity electromechanics across a quantum phase transition
- _id: eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2
name: Protected states of quantum matter
publication: arXiv
publication_status: draft
related_material:
record:
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relation: later_version
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- id: '17881'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
title: Dual relaxation oscillations in a Josephson junction array
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '14032'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Arrays of Josephson junctions are governed by a competition between superconductivity
and repulsive Coulomb interactions, and are expected to exhibit diverging low-temperature
resistance when interactions exceed a critical level. Here we report a study of
the transport and microwave response of Josephson arrays with interactions exceeding
this level. Contrary to expectations, we observe that the array resistance drops
dramatically as the temperature is decreased—reminiscent of superconducting behaviour—and
then saturates at low temperature. Applying a magnetic field, we eventually observe
a transition to a highly resistive regime. These observations can be understood
within a theoretical picture that accounts for the effect of thermal fluctuations
on the insulating phase. On the basis of the agreement between experiment and
theory, we suggest that apparent superconductivity in our Josephson arrays arises
from melting the zero-temperature insulator.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: We thank D. Haviland, J. Pekola, C. Ciuti, A. Bubis and A. Shnirman
for helpful feedback on the paper. This research was supported by the Scientific
Service Units of IST Austria through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop
and the Nanofabrication Facility. Work supported by the Austrian FWF grant P33692-N
(S.M., J.S. and A.P.H.), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation
programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 754411 (J.S.) and
a NOMIS foundation research grant (J.M.F. and A.P.H.).
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Soham
full_name: Mukhopadhyay, Soham
id: FDE60288-A89D-11E9-947F-1AF6E5697425
last_name: Mukhopadhyay
orcid: 0000-0001-5263-5559
- first_name: Jorden L
full_name: Senior, Jorden L
id: 5479D234-2D30-11EA-89CC-40953DDC885E
last_name: Senior
orcid: 0000-0002-0672-9295
- first_name: Jaime
full_name: Saez Mollejo, Jaime
id: e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714
last_name: Saez Mollejo
- first_name: Denise
full_name: Puglia, Denise
id: 4D495994-AE37-11E9-AC72-31CAE5697425
last_name: Puglia
orcid: 0000-0003-1144-2763
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Zemlicka, Martin
id: 2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zemlicka
orcid: 0009-0005-0878-3032
- first_name: Johannes M
full_name: Fink, Johannes M
id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fink
orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
- first_name: Andrew P
full_name: Higginbotham, Andrew P
id: 4AD6785A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Higginbotham
orcid: 0000-0003-2607-2363
citation:
ama: Mukhopadhyay S, Senior JL, Saez Mollejo J, et al. Superconductivity from a
melted insulator in Josephson junction arrays. Nature Physics. 2023;19:1630-1635.
doi:10.1038/s41567-023-02161-w
apa: Mukhopadhyay, S., Senior, J. L., Saez Mollejo, J., Puglia, D., Zemlicka, M.,
Fink, J. M., & Higginbotham, A. P. (2023). Superconductivity from a melted
insulator in Josephson junction arrays. Nature Physics. Springer Nature.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02161-w
chicago: Mukhopadhyay, Soham, Jorden L Senior, Jaime Saez Mollejo, Denise Puglia,
Martin Zemlicka, Johannes M Fink, and Andrew P Higginbotham. “Superconductivity
from a Melted Insulator in Josephson Junction Arrays.” Nature Physics.
Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-023-02161-w.
ieee: S. Mukhopadhyay et al., “Superconductivity from a melted insulator
in Josephson junction arrays,” Nature Physics, vol. 19. Springer Nature,
pp. 1630–1635, 2023.
ista: Mukhopadhyay S, Senior JL, Saez Mollejo J, Puglia D, Zemlicka M, Fink JM,
Higginbotham AP. 2023. Superconductivity from a melted insulator in Josephson
junction arrays. Nature Physics. 19, 1630–1635.
mla: Mukhopadhyay, Soham, et al. “Superconductivity from a Melted Insulator in Josephson
Junction Arrays.” Nature Physics, vol. 19, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 1630–35,
doi:10.1038/s41567-023-02161-w.
short: S. Mukhopadhyay, J.L. Senior, J. Saez Mollejo, D. Puglia, M. Zemlicka, J.M.
Fink, A.P. Higginbotham, Nature Physics 19 (2023) 1630–1635.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-08-11T07:41:17Z
date_published: 2023-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-09-15T22:30:19Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: AnHi
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.1038/s41567-023-02161-w
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '001054563800006'
file:
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checksum: 1fc86d71bfbf836e221c1e925343adc5
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intvolume: ' 19'
isi: 1
keyword:
- General Physics and Astronomy
language:
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month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1630-1635
project:
- _id: 0aa3608a-070f-11eb-9043-e9cd8a2bd931
grant_number: P33692
name: Cavity electromechanics across a quantum phase transition
- _id: 260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '754411'
name: ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships
- _id: eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2
name: Protected states of quantum matter
publication: Nature Physics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
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issn:
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title: Superconductivity from a melted insulator in Josephson junction arrays
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...