---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '19601'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In land plants, the signalling molecule auxin profoundly controls growth and
development, chiefly through a transcriptional response system. The auxin response
is mediated by modulating the activity of DNA-binding auxin response factor (ARF)
proteins. The concentrations and stoichiometry of the competing A- and B-class
ARFs define cells’ capacity for auxin response. In the minimal auxin response
system of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, both A- and B-ARFs are unstable,
but the underlying mechanisms, developmental relevance and evolutionary history
of this instability are unknown. Here we identify a minimal motif that is necessary
for MpARF2 (B-class) degradation and show that it is critical for development
and the auxin response. Through comparative analysis and motif swaps among all
ARF classes in extant algae and land plants, we infer that the emergence of ARF
instability probably occurred in the ancestor of the A- and B-ARF clades and,
therefore, preceded or coincided with the origin of the auxin response system.
acknowledgement: We thank S. Woudenberg, S. Valk and J. Rienstra for help and advice,
A. Kuhn for comments on the paper and M. Prigge and M. Estelle for helpful discussions.
This work was supported by a grant from Netherlands Organization for Scientific
Research (NWO; OCENW.M20.031 to J.W.B.), a Marie Skłodowska-Curie Individual Fellowship
(H2020-MSCA-IF-2020 contract number to J.H.G.) and a research grant from the Human
Frontiers Research Program (HFSP; grant RGP0015/2022 to D.W.).
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Martijn
full_name: De Roij, Martijn
last_name: De Roij
- first_name: Jorge
full_name: Hernández García, Jorge
last_name: Hernández García
- first_name: Shubhajit
full_name: Das, Shubhajit
id: b08969a4-f2a5-11ed-b6c4-ff0f10b7d0be
last_name: Das
- first_name: Jan Willem
full_name: Borst, Jan Willem
last_name: Borst
- first_name: Dolf
full_name: Weijers, Dolf
last_name: Weijers
citation:
ama: De Roij M, Hernández García J, Das S, Borst JW, Weijers D. ARF degradation
defines a deeply conserved step in auxin response. Nature Plants. 2025;11:717-724.
doi:10.1038/s41477-025-01975-1
apa: De Roij, M., Hernández García, J., Das, S., Borst, J. W., & Weijers, D.
(2025). ARF degradation defines a deeply conserved step in auxin response. Nature
Plants. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-025-01975-1
chicago: De Roij, Martijn, Jorge Hernández García, Shubhajit Das, Jan Willem Borst,
and Dolf Weijers. “ARF Degradation Defines a Deeply Conserved Step in Auxin Response.”
Nature Plants. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41477-025-01975-1.
ieee: M. De Roij, J. Hernández García, S. Das, J. W. Borst, and D. Weijers, “ARF
degradation defines a deeply conserved step in auxin response,” Nature Plants,
vol. 11. Springer Nature, pp. 717–724, 2025.
ista: De Roij M, Hernández García J, Das S, Borst JW, Weijers D. 2025. ARF degradation
defines a deeply conserved step in auxin response. Nature Plants. 11, 717–724.
mla: De Roij, Martijn, et al. “ARF Degradation Defines a Deeply Conserved Step in
Auxin Response.” Nature Plants, vol. 11, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 717–24,
doi:10.1038/s41477-025-01975-1.
short: M. De Roij, J. Hernández García, S. Das, J.W. Borst, D. Weijers, Nature Plants
11 (2025) 717–724.
date_created: 2025-04-20T22:01:28Z
date_published: 2025-04-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-12-30T07:28:49Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1038/s41477-025-01975-1
external_id:
pmid:
- '40216983'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8225c1899bb2f39f9a1707cc0697a052
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2025-12-30T07:28:09Z
date_updated: 2025-12-30T07:28:09Z
file_id: '20882'
file_name: 2025_NaturePlants_deRoij.pdf
file_size: 7062474
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-12-30T07:28:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 11'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 717-724
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Plants
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2055-0278
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: ARF degradation defines a deeply conserved step in auxin response
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 11
year: '2025'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '17436'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The auxin signaling molecule controls a variety of growth and developmental
processes in land plants. Auxin regulates gene expression through a nuclear auxin
signaling pathway (NAP) consisting of the ubiquitin ligase auxin receptor TIR1/AFB,
its Aux/IAA degradation substrate, and DNA-binding ARF transcription factors.
Although extensive qualitative understanding of the pathway and its interactions
has been obtained, mostly by studying the flowering plant Arabidopsis thaliana,
it remains unknown how these translate to quantitative system behavior in vivo,
a problem that is confounded by the large NAP gene families in most species. Here,
we used the minimal NAP of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha to quantitatively
map NAP protein accumulation and dynamics in vivo through the use of knockin fluorescent
fusion proteins. Beyond revealing the dynamic native accumulation profile of the
entire NAP protein network, we discovered that the two central ARFs, MpARF1 and
MpARF2, are proteasomally degraded. This auxin-independent degradation tunes ARF
protein stoichiometry to favor gene activation, thereby reprogramming auxin response
during the developmental progression. Thus, quantitative analysis of the entire
NAP has enabled us to identify ARF degradation and the stoichiometries of activator
and repressor ARFs as a potential mechanism for controlling gemma germination.
acknowledgement: "We are grateful to Iris Nieuwland and Neri van Laar for experimental
support. No conflict of interest declared.\r\nThis work was supported by the Netherlands
Organisation for Scientific Research, the Netherlands (grants ALWOP.402 and OCENW.M20.031
to J.W.B.) and the Human Frontiers Research Program (grant RGP0015/2022 to D.W.)."
article_number: '101039'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Shubhajit
full_name: Das, Shubhajit
id: b08969a4-f2a5-11ed-b6c4-ff0f10b7d0be
last_name: Das
- first_name: Martijn
full_name: De Roij, Martijn
last_name: De Roij
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Bellows, Simon
last_name: Bellows
- first_name: Melissa Dipp
full_name: Alvarez, Melissa Dipp
last_name: Alvarez
- first_name: Sumanth
full_name: Mutte, Sumanth
last_name: Mutte
- first_name: Wouter
full_name: Kohlen, Wouter
last_name: Kohlen
- first_name: Etienne
full_name: Farcot, Etienne
last_name: Farcot
- first_name: Dolf
full_name: Weijers, Dolf
last_name: Weijers
- first_name: Jan Willem
full_name: Borst, Jan Willem
last_name: Borst
citation:
ama: Das S, De Roij M, Bellows S, et al. Quantitative imaging reveals the role of
MpARF proteasomal degradation during gemma germination. Plant Communications.
2024;5(11). doi:10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101039
apa: Das, S., De Roij, M., Bellows, S., Alvarez, M. D., Mutte, S., Kohlen, W., …
Borst, J. W. (2024). Quantitative imaging reveals the role of MpARF proteasomal
degradation during gemma germination. Plant Communications. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101039
chicago: Das, Shubhajit, Martijn De Roij, Simon Bellows, Melissa Dipp Alvarez, Sumanth
Mutte, Wouter Kohlen, Etienne Farcot, Dolf Weijers, and Jan Willem Borst. “Quantitative
Imaging Reveals the Role of MpARF Proteasomal Degradation during Gemma Germination.”
Plant Communications. Elsevier, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101039.
ieee: S. Das et al., “Quantitative imaging reveals the role of MpARF proteasomal
degradation during gemma germination,” Plant Communications, vol. 5, no.
11. Elsevier, 2024.
ista: Das S, De Roij M, Bellows S, Alvarez MD, Mutte S, Kohlen W, Farcot E, Weijers
D, Borst JW. 2024. Quantitative imaging reveals the role of MpARF proteasomal
degradation during gemma germination. Plant Communications. 5(11), 101039.
mla: Das, Shubhajit, et al. “Quantitative Imaging Reveals the Role of MpARF Proteasomal
Degradation during Gemma Germination.” Plant Communications, vol. 5, no.
11, 101039, Elsevier, 2024, doi:10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101039.
short: S. Das, M. De Roij, S. Bellows, M.D. Alvarez, S. Mutte, W. Kohlen, E. Farcot,
D. Weijers, J.W. Borst, Plant Communications 5 (2024).
date_created: 2024-08-18T22:01:04Z
date_published: 2024-11-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-01-09T12:26:55Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1016/j.xplc.2024.101039
external_id:
pmid:
- '38988072'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 38cabc1042ac7fb70e6c4c510eba88fc
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2025-01-09T12:25:32Z
date_updated: 2025-01-09T12:25:32Z
file_id: '18811'
file_name: 2024_PlantCommunications_Das.pdf
file_size: 4970540
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-01-09T12:25:32Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 5'
issue: '11'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Plant Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2590-3462
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Quantitative imaging reveals the role of MpARF proteasomal degradation during
gemma germination
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 5
year: '2024'
...