--- OA_type: closed access _id: '21762' abstract: - lang: eng text: Bacteria, like eukaryotes, use conserved cytoskeletal systems for intracellular organization. The plasmid-encoded ParMRC system forms actin-like filaments that segregate low–copy number plasmids. In multicellular cyanobacteria such as Anabaena sp., we found that a chromosomally encoded ParMR system has evolved into a cytoskeletal system named CorMR with a function in cell shape control rather than DNA segregation. Live-cell imaging, in vitro reconstitution, and cryo–electron microscopy revealed that CorM formed dynamically unstable, antiparallel double-stranded filaments that were recruited to the membrane by CorR through an amphipathic helix conserved in multicellular cyanobacteria. CorMR filaments were regulated by MinC, which excluded them from the poles and division plane. Comparative genomics indicated that the repurposing of ParMR and Min systems coevolved with cyanobacterial multicellularity, highlighting the evolutionary plasticity of cytoskeletal systems in bacteria. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: ScienComp - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: "We thank all members of the Loose lab at ISTA for helpful discussions; M. Kojic for critical reading of the manuscript; A. Herrero (Sevilla University) for sharing her extensive BACTH plasmid library and other plasmids, as well as cyanobacterial strains; T. Dagan and F. Nies (both Kiel University) for sharing cyanobacterial strains and plasmids and for valuable discussions; N. Sapay and A. Michon for providing the Amphipaseek code, which enabled us to perform our large-scale amphipathic helix screen of cyanobacterial CorR proteins; V.-V. Hodirnau for support in cryo-ET data collection; and J. Hansen for advice about cryo-EM data processing.\r\nThis work was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of ISTA through resources provided by the Imaging & Optics Facility (IOF), the Scientific Computing (SciComp), the Electron Microscopy Facility (EMF), and the Lab Support Facility (LSF). This work was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant 101034413 to B.L.S.); the European Research Council (ERC) of the European Union (grant ActinID 101076260 to F.K.M.S.); the Swiss National Science Foundation (starting grant TMSGI3_226208 to G.L.W.); and the Jean-Jacques et Letitia Lopez-Loreta Foundation (G.L.W.)." article_number: eaea6343 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Benjamin L full_name: Springstein, Benjamin L id: b4eb62ef-ac72-11ed-9503-ed3b4d66c083 last_name: Springstein orcid: 0000-0002-3461-5391 - first_name: Manjunath full_name: Javoor, Manjunath id: 305ab18b-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-b58195228ea2 last_name: Javoor orcid: 0000-0003-2311-2112 - first_name: Daniela full_name: Megrian, Daniela last_name: Megrian - first_name: Roman full_name: Hajdu, Roman id: ffab949d-133f-11ed-8f02-94de21ace503 last_name: Hajdu - first_name: Dustin M. full_name: Hanke, Dustin M. last_name: Hanke - first_name: Bettina full_name: Zens, Bettina id: 45FD126C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Zens orcid: 0000-0002-9561-1239 - first_name: Gregor L. full_name: Weiss, Gregor L. last_name: Weiss - first_name: Florian Km full_name: Schur, Florian Km id: 48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Schur orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078 - first_name: Martin full_name: Loose, Martin id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Loose orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724 citation: ama: Springstein BL, Javoor M, Megrian D, et al. Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. Science. 2026;392(6795). doi:10.1126/science.aea6343 apa: Springstein, B. L., Javoor, M., Megrian, D., Hajdu, R., Hanke, D. M., Zens, B., … Loose, M. (2026). Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. Science. AAAS. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343 chicago: Springstein, Benjamin L, Manjunath Javoor, Daniela Megrian, Roman Hajdu, Dustin M. Hanke, Bettina Zens, Gregor L. Weiss, Florian KM Schur, and Martin Loose. “Repurposing of a DNA Segregation Machinery into a Cytoskeletal System Controlling Cell Shape.” Science. AAAS, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343. ieee: B. L. Springstein et al., “Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape,” Science, vol. 392, no. 6795. AAAS, 2026. ista: Springstein BL, Javoor M, Megrian D, Hajdu R, Hanke DM, Zens B, Weiss GL, Schur FK, Loose M. 2026. Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. Science. 392(6795), eaea6343. mla: Springstein, Benjamin L., et al. “Repurposing of a DNA Segregation Machinery into a Cytoskeletal System Controlling Cell Shape.” Science, vol. 392, no. 6795, eaea6343, AAAS, 2026, doi:10.1126/science.aea6343. short: B.L. Springstein, M. Javoor, D. Megrian, R. Hajdu, D.M. Hanke, B. Zens, G.L. Weiss, F.K. Schur, M. Loose, Science 392 (2026). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-04-26T22:01:46Z date_published: 2026-04-16T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-28T13:29:05Z day: '16' department: - _id: MaLo - _id: FlSc - _id: GradSch - _id: EM-Fac doi: 10.1126/science.aea6343 ec_funded: 1 external_id: pmid: - '41990175' intvolume: ' 392' issue: '6795' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa_version: None pmid: 1 project: - _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101034413' name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program' - _id: bd980d18-d553-11ed-ba76-ceaa645c97eb grant_number: '101076260' name: A molecular atlas of Actin filament IDentities in the cell motility machinery publication: Science publication_identifier: eissn: - 1095-9203 issn: - 0036-8075 publication_status: published publisher: AAAS quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 392 year: '2026' ... --- _id: '19915' acknowledgement: "We thank all members of the Martin Loose lab at ISTA for helpful discussions and Marko Kojic for critical reading of the manuscript. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of ISTA through resources provided by the Imaging & Optics Facility (IOF), the Scientific Computing (SciComp) and the Electron Microscopy Facility (EMF), as well as the Lab Support Facility (LSF). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No.101034413 awarded to BLS as well as an ERC grant (ActinID, 101076260) from the European Union awarded to FKMS. Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.\r\n\r\nWe are grateful for Antonia Herrero (Sevilla University) for sharing her extensive BACTH plasmid library and other plasmids as well as cyanobacterial strains. Likewise, we would like to thank Tal Dagan and Fabian Nies (both Kiel University) for sharing cyanobacterial strains and plasmids and for valuable discussions.\r\n\r\nWe would further like to express our gratitude to Nicolas Sapay and Alexis Michon for providing the Amphipaseek code, which enabled us to perform our large-scale amphipathic helix screen of cyanobacterial CorR proteins. Finally, we also want to thank Jesse Hansen for advice in cryo-EM data processing" article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Benjamin L full_name: Springstein, Benjamin L id: b4eb62ef-ac72-11ed-9503-ed3b4d66c083 last_name: Springstein orcid: 0000-0002-3461-5391 citation: ama: Springstein BL. Files for “Evolutionary repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cyanobacterial cell shape.” 2025. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:19915 apa: Springstein, B. L. (2025). Files for “Evolutionary repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cyanobacterial cell shape.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19915 chicago: Springstein, Benjamin L. “Files for ‘Evolutionary Repurposing of a DNA Segregation Machinery into a Cytoskeletal System Controlling Cyanobacterial Cell Shape.’” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19915. ieee: B. L. Springstein, “Files for ‘Evolutionary repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cyanobacterial cell shape.’” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. ista: Springstein BL. 2025. Files for ‘Evolutionary repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cyanobacterial cell shape’, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT:ISTA:19915. mla: Springstein, Benjamin L. Files for “Evolutionary Repurposing of a DNA Segregation Machinery into a Cytoskeletal System Controlling Cyanobacterial Cell Shape.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:19915. short: B.L. Springstein, (2025). contributor: - contributor_type: project_leader first_name: Benjamin L id: b4eb62ef-ac72-11ed-9503-ed3b4d66c083 last_name: Springstein orcid: 0000-0002-3461-5391 - contributor_type: researcher first_name: Manjunath id: 305ab18b-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-b58195228ea2 last_name: Javoor - contributor_type: researcher first_name: Daniela last_name: Megrian - contributor_type: researcher first_name: Roman id: ffab949d-133f-11ed-8f02-94de21ace503 last_name: Hajdu - contributor_type: researcher first_name: Dustin M last_name: Hanke - contributor_type: researcher first_name: Florian KM id: 48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Schur orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078 - contributor_type: supervisor first_name: Martin id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Loose orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-06-27T07:34:52Z date_published: 2025-06-27T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-06-10T08:05:45Z day: '27' department: - _id: MaLo doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:19915 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 5b85c299bdd46cbde000e3449da835e0 content_type: video/x-msvideo creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z date_updated: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z file_id: '19916' file_name: Supplementary Movie 1) in vivo time lapse microscopy of mNG-CorM.avi file_size: 2003892 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: a05c19dad5ac10bc05f349c3507a70a7 content_type: video/x-msvideo creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-06-27T07:35:28Z date_updated: 2025-06-27T07:35:28Z file_id: '19917' file_name: Supplementary Movie 2) mNG-CorM single cell.avi file_size: 126618 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: b3ac037572b2c4cfed4212222915b268 content_type: video/x-msvideo creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z date_updated: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z file_id: '19918' file_name: Supplementary Movie 3) mNG-(1-40)CorM single cell.avi file_size: 383114 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: f4f6b3d1b6add03990f80edbfa14a688 content_type: video/x-msvideo creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z date_updated: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z file_id: '19919' file_name: Supplementary Movie 4) in vitro FRAP of CorM.avi file_size: 4188170 relation: main_file success: 1 - 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access_level: open_access checksum: c6c0e4cd9766ecafce52d99a0ac8c339 content_type: video/x-msvideo creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z date_updated: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z file_id: '19924' file_name: Supplementary Movie 9) in vitro CorM + MinC.avi file_size: 21730482 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: abe15b253a7c9a1dc484a614dd2ab30a content_type: video/x-msvideo creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z date_updated: 2025-06-27T07:35:29Z file_id: '19925' file_name: Supplementary Movie 10) in vitro CorM + MinC(S50A+L55D).avi file_size: 28315550 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: d5cc3426aa3e066ee175e6c3a66cf84d content_type: video/x-msvideo creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-06-27T07:35:30Z date_updated: 2025-06-27T07:35:30Z file_id: '19926' file_name: Supplementary Movie 11) in vitro CorM + MinC(delta46-67).avi file_size: 25693552 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 70daf423216753ec5c73afe18f347821 content_type: video/x-msvideo creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-06-27T07:35:30Z date_updated: 2025-06-27T07:35:30Z file_id: '19927' file_name: Supplementary Movie 12) in vitro CorM + buffer ctrl.avi file_size: 25349196 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 215744428591d013c0193d6df842ae06 content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-07-02T08:10:11Z date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:11Z file_id: '19944' file_name: Readme ISTA repository_Springstein 2025_v2.docx file_size: 46992 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 693e1c5a1fca4afcf428c325057636d7 content_type: application/pdf creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-07-02T08:10:21Z date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:21Z file_id: '19945' file_name: Main Figures.pdf file_size: 79915541 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 51ef5c8e98c388394746c90d04626443 content_type: application/pdf creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-07-02T08:10:19Z date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:19Z file_id: '19946' file_name: Supplementary Figure 1.pdf file_size: 6860499 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 18a416d158b8a74a199054ef618beb08 content_type: application/pdf creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-07-02T08:10:19Z date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:19Z file_id: '19947' file_name: Supplementary Figure 2.pdf file_size: 3025601 relation: main_file success: 1 - 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access_level: open_access checksum: aab9ea12e09c12a97d33e3d2d44471e7 content_type: application/pdf creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-07-02T08:10:20Z date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:20Z file_id: '19952' file_name: Supplementary Figure 7.pdf file_size: 3756335 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: b4c7b6947a0aa2840b7dacc1489896df content_type: application/pdf creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-07-02T08:10:20Z date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:20Z file_id: '19953' file_name: Supplementary Figure 8.pdf file_size: 3216820 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 8423814c4dfefad5757835aab8295b2e content_type: application/pdf creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-07-02T08:10:21Z date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:21Z file_id: '19954' file_name: Supplementary Figure 9.pdf file_size: 7449121 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 31ecac7daf4b50e2ea443f398fdc2110 content_type: application/pdf creator: bsprings date_created: 2025-07-02T08:10:21Z date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:21Z file_id: '19955' file_name: Supplementary Figure 10.pdf file_size: 6168864 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-07-02T08:10:21Z has_accepted_license: '1' license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101034413' name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program' - _id: bd980d18-d553-11ed-ba76-ceaa645c97eb grant_number: '101076260' name: A molecular atlas of Actin filament IDentities in the cell motility machinery publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria status: public title: Files for "Evolutionary repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cyanobacterial cell shape" tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: research_data user_id: 68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid _id: '18938' abstract: - lang: eng text: The synthesis of proteins as encoded in the genome depends critically on translational fidelity. Nevertheless, errors inevitably occur, and those that result in reading frame shifts are particularly consequential because the resulting polypeptides are typically nonfunctional. Despite the generally maladaptive impact of such errors, the proper decoding of certain mRNAs, including many viral mRNAs, depends on a process known as programmed ribosomal frameshifting. The fact that these programmed events, commonly involving a shift to the –1 frame, occur at specific evolutionarily optimized “slippery” sites has facilitated mechanistic investigation. By contrast, less is known about the scope and nature of error (i.e., nonprogrammed) frameshifting. Here, we examine error frameshifting by monitoring spontaneous frameshift events that suppress the effects of single base pair deletions affecting two unrelated test proteins. To map the precise sites of frameshifting, we developed a targeted mass spectrometry–based method called “translational tiling proteomics” for interrogating the full set of possible –1 slippage events that could produce the observed frameshift suppression. Surprisingly, such events occur at many sites along the transcripts, involving up to one half of the available codons. Only a subset of these resembled canonical “slippery” sites, implicating alternative mechanisms potentially involving noncognate mispairing events. Additionally, the aggregate frequency of these events (ranging from 1 to 10% in our test cases) was higher than we might have anticipated. Our findings point to an unexpected degree of mechanistic diversity among ribosomal frameshifting events and suggest that frameshifted products may contribute more significantly to the proteome than generally assumed. acknowledgement: We thank S. L. Dove for valuable discussion and comments on the manuscript and R. Hellmiss for artwork. This work was supported by NIH grants GM136247 to A.H., AG011085 to J.W.H., and GM132129 to J.A.P. article_number: e2317453121 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Benjamin L full_name: Springstein, Benjamin L id: b4eb62ef-ac72-11ed-9503-ed3b4d66c083 last_name: Springstein orcid: 0000-0002-3461-5391 - first_name: Joao A. full_name: Paulo, Joao A. last_name: Paulo - first_name: Hankum full_name: Park, Hankum last_name: Park - first_name: Kemardo full_name: Henry, Kemardo last_name: Henry - first_name: Eleanor full_name: Fleming, Eleanor last_name: Fleming - first_name: Zoë full_name: Feder, Zoë last_name: Feder - first_name: J. Wade full_name: Harper, J. Wade last_name: Harper - first_name: Ann full_name: Hochschild, Ann last_name: Hochschild citation: ama: Springstein BL, Paulo JA, Park H, et al. Systematic analysis of nonprogrammed frameshift suppression in E.coli via translational tiling proteomics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2024;121(6). doi:10.1073/pnas.2317453121 apa: Springstein, B. L., Paulo, J. A., Park, H., Henry, K., Fleming, E., Feder, Z., … Hochschild, A. (2024). Systematic analysis of nonprogrammed frameshift suppression in E.coli via translational tiling proteomics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2317453121 chicago: Springstein, Benjamin L, Joao A. Paulo, Hankum Park, Kemardo Henry, Eleanor Fleming, Zoë Feder, J. Wade Harper, and Ann Hochschild. “Systematic Analysis of Nonprogrammed Frameshift Suppression in E.Coli via Translational Tiling Proteomics.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. National Academy of Sciences, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2317453121. ieee: B. L. Springstein et al., “Systematic analysis of nonprogrammed frameshift suppression in E.coli via translational tiling proteomics,” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 121, no. 6. National Academy of Sciences, 2024. ista: Springstein BL, Paulo JA, Park H, Henry K, Fleming E, Feder Z, Harper JW, Hochschild A. 2024. Systematic analysis of nonprogrammed frameshift suppression in E.coli via translational tiling proteomics. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 121(6), e2317453121. mla: Springstein, Benjamin L., et al. “Systematic Analysis of Nonprogrammed Frameshift Suppression in E.Coli via Translational Tiling Proteomics.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol. 121, no. 6, e2317453121, National Academy of Sciences, 2024, doi:10.1073/pnas.2317453121. short: B.L. Springstein, J.A. Paulo, H. Park, K. Henry, E. Fleming, Z. Feder, J.W. Harper, A. Hochschild, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America 121 (2024). date_created: 2025-01-29T08:39:27Z date_published: 2024-02-06T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-05-14T11:02:52Z day: '06' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: MaLo doi: 10.1073/pnas.2317453121 external_id: pmid: - '38289956' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 5bd62c7cb4287e3706a1d45d6ef61fd1 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-01-29T08:43:16Z date_updated: 2025-01-29T08:43:16Z file_id: '18939' file_name: 2024_PNAS_Springstein.pdf file_size: 720902 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-01-29T08:43:16Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 121' issue: '6' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America publication_identifier: eissn: - 1091-6490 issn: - 0027-8424 publication_status: published publisher: National Academy of Sciences quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Systematic analysis of nonprogrammed frameshift suppression in E.coli via translational tiling proteomics tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 121 year: '2024' ... --- _id: '14785' abstract: - lang: eng text: Small cryptic plasmids have no clear effect on the host fitness and their functional repertoire remains obscure. The naturally competent cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 harbours several small cryptic plasmids; whether their evolution with this species is supported by horizontal transfer remains understudied. Here, we show that the small cryptic plasmid DNA is transferred in the population exclusively by natural transformation, where the transfer frequency of plasmid‐encoded genes is similar to that of chromosome‐encoded genes. Establishing a system to follow gene transfer, we compared the transfer frequency of genes encoded in cryptic plasmids pCA2.4 (2378 bp) and pCB2.4 (2345 bp) within and between populations of two Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 labtypes (termed Kiel and Sevilla). Our results reveal that plasmid gene transfer frequency depends on the recipient labtype. Furthermore, gene transfer via whole plasmid uptake in the Sevilla labtype ranged among the lowest detected transfer rates in our experiments. Our study indicates that horizontal DNA transfer via natural transformation is frequent in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids that reside in naturally competent organisms. Furthermore, we suggest that the contribution of natural transformation to cryptic plasmid persistence in Synechocystis is limited. acknowledgement: "We thank the lab of Francisco Javier Florencio Bel-lido, Sevilla, Spain for supplying theSynechocystislabtype Sevilla used in this work and the lab of MartinHagemann, Rostock, Germany for supplying the pIGAplasmidusedinthiswork.WethankNilsHülterforfruitful discussions. We thank Fenna Stücker forgraphical illustrations and Katrin Schumann, FennaStücker, and Lidusha Manivannan for technicalsupport.\r\nChilean National Agency for Research andDevelopment (ANID), Grant/Award Number:21191763; DeutscheForschungsgemeinschaft, Grant/AwardNumbers: 456882089, RTG2501; EuropeanResearch Council (ERC), Grant/AwardNumber: 101043835" article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Fabian full_name: Nies, Fabian last_name: Nies - first_name: Tanita full_name: Wein, Tanita last_name: Wein - first_name: Dustin M. full_name: Hanke, Dustin M. last_name: Hanke - first_name: Benjamin L full_name: Springstein, Benjamin L id: b4eb62ef-ac72-11ed-9503-ed3b4d66c083 last_name: Springstein orcid: 0000-0002-3461-5391 - first_name: Jaime full_name: Alcorta, Jaime last_name: Alcorta - first_name: Claudia full_name: Taubenheim, Claudia last_name: Taubenheim - first_name: Tal full_name: Dagan, Tal last_name: Dagan citation: ama: Nies F, Wein T, Hanke DM, et al. Role of natural transformation in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Environmental Microbiology Reports. 2023;15(6):656-668. doi:10.1111/1758-2229.13203 apa: Nies, F., Wein, T., Hanke, D. M., Springstein, B. L., Alcorta, J., Taubenheim, C., & Dagan, T. (2023). Role of natural transformation in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Environmental Microbiology Reports. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13203 chicago: Nies, Fabian, Tanita Wein, Dustin M. Hanke, Benjamin L Springstein, Jaime Alcorta, Claudia Taubenheim, and Tal Dagan. “Role of Natural Transformation in the Evolution of Small Cryptic Plasmids in Synechocystis Sp. PCC 6803.” Environmental Microbiology Reports. Wiley, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1111/1758-2229.13203. ieee: F. Nies et al., “Role of natural transformation in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803,” Environmental Microbiology Reports, vol. 15, no. 6. Wiley, pp. 656–668, 2023. ista: Nies F, Wein T, Hanke DM, Springstein BL, Alcorta J, Taubenheim C, Dagan T. 2023. Role of natural transformation in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803. Environmental Microbiology Reports. 15(6), 656–668. mla: Nies, Fabian, et al. “Role of Natural Transformation in the Evolution of Small Cryptic Plasmids in Synechocystis Sp. PCC 6803.” Environmental Microbiology Reports, vol. 15, no. 6, Wiley, 2023, pp. 656–68, doi:10.1111/1758-2229.13203. short: F. Nies, T. Wein, D.M. Hanke, B.L. Springstein, J. Alcorta, C. Taubenheim, T. Dagan, Environmental Microbiology Reports 15 (2023) 656–668. date_created: 2024-01-10T10:41:07Z date_published: 2023-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2024-01-16T09:46:12Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: MaLo doi: 10.1111/1758-2229.13203 external_id: isi: - '001080203100001' pmid: - '37794696' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: d09ebb68fee61f4e2e09ec286c9cf1d3 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2024-01-16T09:42:10Z date_updated: 2024-01-16T09:42:10Z file_id: '14810' file_name: 2023_EnvirMicroBiolReports_Nies.pdf file_size: 1518350 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2024-01-16T09:42:10Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 15' isi: 1 issue: '6' keyword: - Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous) - Ecology - Evolution - Behavior and Systematics language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 656-668 pmid: 1 publication: Environmental Microbiology Reports publication_identifier: eissn: - 1758-2229 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Role of natural transformation in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 15 year: '2023' ...