[{"publisher":"Oxford University Press","status":"public","OA_place":"publisher","author":[{"full_name":"Elley, Emma L","first_name":"Emma L","last_name":"Elley"},{"full_name":"Matthews, James H","first_name":"James H","last_name":"Matthews"},{"orcid":"0009-0006-0716-0965","id":"b5363ed7-0345-11f1-8029-eef7ff5d6bfc","last_name":"Whitehead","first_name":"Henry William","full_name":"Whitehead, Henry William"},{"first_name":"Alex J","full_name":"Cooper, Alex J","last_name":"Cooper"}],"quality_controlled":"1","citation":{"apa":"Elley, E. L., Matthews, J. H., Whitehead, H. W., &#38; Cooper, A. J. (2026). The impact of flickering variability and magnetization on the dynamics, stability, and morphology of radio-loud AGN jets. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1798\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1798</a>","chicago":"Elley, Emma L, James H Matthews, Henry William Whitehead, and Alex J Cooper. “The Impact of Flickering Variability and Magnetization on the Dynamics, Stability, and Morphology of Radio-Loud AGN Jets.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1798\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1798</a>.","short":"E.L. Elley, J.H. Matthews, H.W. Whitehead, A.J. Cooper, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 552 (2026).","ieee":"E. L. Elley, J. H. Matthews, H. W. Whitehead, and A. J. Cooper, “The impact of flickering variability and magnetization on the dynamics, stability, and morphology of radio-loud AGN jets,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 552, no. 4. Oxford University Press, 2026.","ista":"Elley EL, Matthews JH, Whitehead HW, Cooper AJ. 2026. The impact of flickering variability and magnetization on the dynamics, stability, and morphology of radio-loud AGN jets. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 552(4), stag1798.","mla":"Elley, Emma L., et al. “The Impact of Flickering Variability and Magnetization on the Dynamics, Stability, and Morphology of Radio-Loud AGN Jets.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 552, no. 4, stag1798, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1798\">10.1093/mnras/stag1798</a>.","ama":"Elley EL, Matthews JH, Whitehead HW, Cooper AJ. The impact of flickering variability and magnetization on the dynamics, stability, and morphology of radio-loud AGN jets. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2026;552(4). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1798\">10.1093/mnras/stag1798</a>"},"doi":"10.1093/mnras/stag1798","file_date_updated":"2026-10-28T08:19:16Z","department":[{"_id":"ZoHa"}],"date_published":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"],"eissn":["1365-2966"]},"external_id":{"arxiv":["2605.13469"]},"PlanS_conform":"1","DOAJ_listed":"1","article_type":"original","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"volume":552,"dataavailabilitystatement":"The data underlying this article are available from the authors on reasonable request. Furthermore, the data for the simulated radio images from various angles as discussed in Section 2.3 are publicly available as FITS files from https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.20140021.","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1798","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"_id":"23199","ddc":["520"],"date_created":"2026-10-27T10:39:59Z","day":"01","file":[{"relation":"main_file","success":1,"creator":"dernst","checksum":"57e15f531d22d18eaeca96d58b2ab911","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":8344810,"date_created":"2026-10-28T08:19:16Z","file_id":"23203","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2026-10-28T08:19:16Z","file_name":"2026_MonthNoticesRAS_Elley.pdf"}],"month":"11","arxiv":1,"researchdata_availability":"upon request","date_updated":"2026-10-28T08:19:37Z","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","has_accepted_license":"1","intvolume":"       552","title":"The impact of flickering variability and magnetization on the dynamics, stability, and morphology of radio-loud AGN jets","year":"2026","abstract":[{"text":"The physics governing the morphology of radio-loud active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets is not fully understood. We investigate how magnetization, flickering jet power and the interplay between them affects the morphology of radio galaxies. We present a grid of relativistic magnetohydrodynamic simulations using the pluto code covering constant and variable jets with two levels of magnetization. We find that the constant high-magnetization jets can lead to highly asymmetrical cocoon morphologies, while the variable high-magnetization jet can exhibit a broken morphology, caused by a discontinuous jet beam. Our work highlights the importance of magnetization and variability on the stability and resulting morphology of radio-loud AGN jets, suggesting both are significant factors in addition to jet power or environment. Furthermore, we show that the interaction between magnetization and variability can lead to the development of localized kink instabilities along the jet beam. Finally, we discuss the effects of hydrodynamic mixing in low-magnetization jets and the role of viewing-angle dependence in comparisons between our simulations and observed sources. To facilitate this comparison we present a library of simulated radio images at different times in the simulations and from various viewing angles, which highlight a diverse set of complex morphologies.","lang":"eng"}],"OA_type":"gold","article_processing_charge":"Yes","type":"journal_article","das_tickbox":"1","supplementarymaterial":"yes","article_number":"stag1798","issue":"4","acknowledgement":"JHM and ELE acknowledge funding from a Royal Society University Research Fellowship (URF\\R1\\221062). AJC acknowledges support from the Oxford Hintze Centre for Astrophysical Surveys, which is funded through generous support from the Hintze Family Charitable Foundation. HW acknowledges funding by the Science and Technology Facilities Council Grant Number ST/W000903/1 and the ISTA-Fellow programme. The authors acknowledge the use of resources provided by the Isambard 3 Tier-2 HPC Facility. Isambard 3 is hosted by the University of Bristol and operated by the GW4 Alliance (https://gw4.ac.uk) and is funded by UK Research and Innovation and the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EP/X039137/1). The authors would like to acknowledge the use of the University of Oxford Advanced Research Computing (ARC) facility in carrying out this work (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.22558). We are grateful for the use of the following software packages: pluto (A. Mignone et al. 2007) and matplotlib (J. D. Hunter 2007). We are grateful to Dipanjan Mukherjee, Imogen Whittam, Matt Jarvis, Judith Croston and Fraser Cowie for useful discussions. The authors wish to thank the anonymous referee for their helpful and constructive comments which have improved the quality of this manuscript."}]