---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '20731'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The adult human brain, under resting conditions, consumes approximately 20%
    of total body glucose, a demand that is even higher during the first decade of
    life. The brain metabolic landscape is intricately regulated throughout development,
    and each cell type exhibits distinct metabolic signatures at each specific stage.
    This picture becomes even more intricate when considering that metabolism is dynamically
    modulated to sustain critical biological processes, such as cell proliferation
    and differentiation and synaptic activity–dependent processes. The orchestration
    between metabolic regulation and the aforementioned physiological processes often
    relies on metabolism-dependent changes in the epigenetic landscape, which shape
    gene expression patterns to trigger selected downstream biological responses.
    Perturbations of brain metabolic pathways are frequently the cause of severe neurodevelopmental
    disorders. This review explores the latest insights into the regulation of brain
    metabolism in health and disease.
acknowledgement: Funding provided by the European Union (grant 101057429) to G.N.
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: review
author:
- first_name: Domenico
  full_name: Marano, Domenico
  id: 3b004c42-803f-11ed-ab7e-ecee8f08bd58
  last_name: Marano
- first_name: Vittoria
  full_name: Mariano, Vittoria
  id: ee829c33-edb3-11ed-b4fb-c020aaca4b01
  last_name: Mariano
- first_name: Gaia
  full_name: Novarino, Gaia
  id: 3E57A680-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Novarino
  orcid: 0000-0002-7673-7178
citation:
  ama: 'Marano D, Mariano V, Novarino G. Fueling the mind: Brain metabolism in health
    and neurodevelopmental disorders. <i>Annual Review of Genetics</i>. 2025;59:415-434.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424">10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424</a>'
  apa: 'Marano, D., Mariano, V., &#38; Novarino, G. (2025). Fueling the mind: Brain
    metabolism in health and neurodevelopmental disorders. <i>Annual Review of Genetics</i>.
    Annual Reviews. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424">https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424</a>'
  chicago: 'Marano, Domenico, Vittoria Mariano, and Gaia Novarino. “Fueling the Mind:
    Brain Metabolism in Health and Neurodevelopmental Disorders.” <i>Annual Review
    of Genetics</i>. Annual Reviews, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424">https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424</a>.'
  ieee: 'D. Marano, V. Mariano, and G. Novarino, “Fueling the mind: Brain metabolism
    in health and neurodevelopmental disorders,” <i>Annual Review of Genetics</i>,
    vol. 59. Annual Reviews, pp. 415–434, 2025.'
  ista: 'Marano D, Mariano V, Novarino G. 2025. Fueling the mind: Brain metabolism
    in health and neurodevelopmental disorders. Annual Review of Genetics. 59, 415–434.'
  mla: 'Marano, Domenico, et al. “Fueling the Mind: Brain Metabolism in Health and
    Neurodevelopmental Disorders.” <i>Annual Review of Genetics</i>, vol. 59, Annual
    Reviews, 2025, pp. 415–34, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424">10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424</a>.'
  short: D. Marano, V. Mariano, G. Novarino, Annual Review of Genetics 59 (2025) 415–434.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-12-07T23:02:01Z
date_published: 2025-11-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-12-09T12:55:11Z
day: '03'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: GaNo
doi: 10.1146/annurev-genet-111523-102424
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '40902207'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 1000228dc9aca3d48e92605607a99c41
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2025-12-09T12:53:09Z
  date_updated: 2025-12-09T12:53:09Z
  file_id: '20745'
  file_name: 2025_AnnualRevGenetics_Marano.pdf
  file_size: 3629986
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-12-09T12:53:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        59'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 415-434
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 349d1832-11ca-11ed-8bc3-d79b574010e0
  grant_number: '101057429'
  name: Reducing the impact of major environmental challenges on mental health
publication: Annual Review of Genetics
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1545-2948
  issn:
  - 0066-4197
publication_status: published
publisher: Annual Reviews
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Fueling the mind: Brain metabolism in health and neurodevelopmental disorders'
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 59
year: '2025'
...