---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: gold
_id: '18886'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Research Data for publication 'Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium
enabled by granular aluminium superinductors'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: 'We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger,
Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. We thank
Simon Robson for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported by the
Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine
Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made
possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the HORIZON-RIA 101069515
project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund
(FWF) DOI:10.55776/P32235, DOI:10.55776/I5060 and DOI:10.55776/P36507. For Open
Access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any
author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.J. acknowledges
funding from FellowQUTE 2024-01. I.M.P. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(DFG – German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED).
ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge
support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies
(PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission – NextGenerationEU
(Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC''s Quantum Technologies Platform (QTEP).
ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.:
CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.
Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona Materials Science PhD program. AGM has received funding from Grant
RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union
NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya
and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors acknowledge the
use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy
Center at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB)
funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF),
with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya.
ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM.'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Marian
full_name: Janik, Marian
id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janik
orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
citation:
ama: Janik M. Research data for publication “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar
germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.” 2025. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886
apa: Janik, M. (2025). Research data for publication “Strong charge-photon coupling
in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886
chicago: Janik, Marian. “Research Data for Publication ‘Strong Charge-Photon Coupling
in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.’” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886.
ieee: M. Janik, “Research data for publication ‘Strong charge-photon coupling in
planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.’” Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 2025.
ista: Janik M. 2025. Research data for publication ‘Strong charge-photon coupling
in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors’, Institute of
Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886.
mla: Janik, Marian. Research Data for Publication “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling
in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886.
short: M. Janik, (2025).
contributor:
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Kevin Etienne Robert
id: 53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef
last_name: Roux
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Carla N
id: 18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16
last_name: Borja Espinosa
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Oliver
id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
last_name: Sagi
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Abdulhamid
id: 160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425
last_name: Baghdadi
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Thomas
id: 38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Adletzberger
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Stefano
last_name: Calcaterra
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Marc
last_name: Botifoll
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Alba Garzón
last_name: Manjón
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Jordi
last_name: Arbiol
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Daniel
last_name: Chrastina
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Giovanni
last_name: Isella
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Ioan M.
last_name: Pop
- contributor_type: researcher
first_name: Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-01-27T09:48:44Z
date_published: 2025-01-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-20T06:34:50Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886
file:
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checksum: 977dffed4bec3c7d6315aa1cbd19e8a7
content_type: text/plain
creator: arashid
date_created: 2025-01-27T11:27:30Z
date_updated: 2025-01-27T11:27:30Z
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file_name: readme.txt
file_size: 1017
relation: main_file
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creator: arashid
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file_name: research_data.zip
file_size: 33815056
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file_date_updated: 2025-01-27T11:27:35Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
grant_number: '101069515'
name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
grant_number: P36507
name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
grant_number: I05060
name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
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relation: used_in_publication
status: public
- id: '19401'
relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: Research data for publication 'Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium
enabled by granular aluminium superinductors'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2025'
...
---
APC_amount: 7068 EUR
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '19401'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for
the realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their
high impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point fluctuations
of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge qubits. However,
fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular superconductors is challenging,
as their inductance and, therefore, impedance at high values are difficult to
control. Here, we report a reproducible fabrication of granular aluminium resonators
by developing a wireless ohmmeter, which allows in situ measurements during film
deposition and, therefore, control of the kinetic inductance of granular aluminium
films. Reproducible fabrication of circuits with impedances (inductances) exceeding
13 kΩ (1 nH per square) is now possible. By integrating a 7.9 kΩ resonator with
a germanium double quantum dot, we demonstrate strong charge-photon coupling with
a rate of gc/2π = 566 ± 2 MHz. This broadly applicable method opens the path for
novel qubits and high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: 'We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger,
Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. We thank
Simon Robson for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported by the
Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine
Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made
possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the HORIZON-RIA 101069515
project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund
(FWF) https://doi.org/10.55776/P32235, https://doi.org/10.55776/I5060 and https://doi.org/10.55776/P36507.
For Open Access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license
to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.J. acknowledges
funding from FellowQUTE 2024-01. K.R. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s
Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant
Agreement No. 101034413. I.M.P. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(DFG - German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED).
ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge
support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies
(PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission - NextGenerationEU
(Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s Quantum Technologies Platform (QTEP).
ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa programme from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.:
CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.
Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona Materials Science PhD programme. AGM has received funding from Grant
RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union
NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya
and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors acknowledge the
use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy
Centre at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB)
funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF),
with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya.
ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM60.'
article_number: '2103'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Marian
full_name: Janik, Marian
id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janik
orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Kevin Etienne Robert
full_name: Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert
id: 53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef
last_name: Roux
- first_name: Carla N
full_name: Borja Espinosa, Carla N
id: 18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16
last_name: Borja Espinosa
- first_name: Oliver
full_name: Sagi, Oliver
id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
last_name: Sagi
- first_name: Abdulhamid
full_name: Baghdadi, Abdulhamid
id: 160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425
last_name: Baghdadi
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Adletzberger, Thomas
id: 38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Adletzberger
- first_name: Stefano
full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Marc
full_name: Botifoll, Marc
last_name: Botifoll
- first_name: Alba
full_name: Garzón Manjón, Alba
last_name: Garzón Manjón
- first_name: Jordi
full_name: Arbiol, Jordi
last_name: Arbiol
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Isella, Giovanni
last_name: Isella
- first_name: Ioan M.
full_name: Pop, Ioan M.
last_name: Pop
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
ama: Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling
in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. Nature Communications.
2025;16. doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4
apa: Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger,
T., … Katsaros, G. (2025). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled
by granular aluminium superinductors. Nature Communications. Springer Nature.
https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4
chicago: Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver
Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong
Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.”
Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4.
ieee: M. Janik et al., “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium
enabled by granular aluminium superinductors,” Nature Communications, vol.
16. Springer Nature, 2025.
ista: Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T,
Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Garzón Manjón A, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop
IM, Katsaros G. 2025. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled
by granular aluminium superinductors. Nature Communications. 16, 2103.
mla: Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled
by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” Nature Communications, vol. 16,
2103, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4.
short: M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger,
S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A. Garzón Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella,
I.M. Pop, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 16 (2025).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-03-16T23:01:23Z
date_published: 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-20T06:34:51Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: JoFi
- _id: M-Shop
doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2407.03079'
isi:
- '001434774800001'
pmid:
- '40025007'
file:
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checksum: a9383dd978ca2c50b7dded6c0bb2cd49
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2025-03-17T10:53:32Z
date_updated: 2025-03-17T10:53:32Z
file_id: '19415'
file_name: 2025_NatureComm_Janik.pdf
file_size: 6364878
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-03-17T10:53:32Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
grant_number: '101069515'
name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
grant_number: I05060
name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
grant_number: P36507
name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '101034413'
name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program'
- _id: 3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1
call_identifier: FWF
name: FWF Open Access Fund
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '18144'
relation: earlier_version
status: public
- id: '18886'
relation: research_data
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium
superinductors
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2025'
...
---
APC_amount: 6468 EUR
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '14793'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Superconductor/semiconductor hybrid devices have attracted increasing interest
in the past years. Superconducting electronics aims to complement semiconductor
technology, while hybrid architectures are at the forefront of new ideas such
as topological superconductivity and protected qubits. In this work, we engineer
the induced superconductivity in two-dimensional germanium hole gas by varying
the distance between the quantum well and the aluminum. We demonstrate a hard
superconducting gap and realize an electrically and flux tunable superconducting
diode using a superconducting quantum interference device (SQUID). This allows
to tune the current phase relation (CPR), to a regime where single Cooper pair
tunneling is suppressed, creating a sin(2y) CPR. Shapiro experiments complement
this interpretation and the microwave drive allows to create a diode with ≈ 100%
efficiency. The reported results open up the path towards integration of spin
qubit devices, microwave resonators and (protected) superconducting qubits on the
same silicon technology compatible platform.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: "We acknowledge Alexander Brinkmann, Alessandro Crippa, Francesco
Giazotto, Andrew Higginbotham, Andrea Iorio, Giordano Scappucci, Christian Schonenberger,
and Lukas Splitthoff for helpful discussions. We thank Marcel Verheijen for the
support in the TEM analysis. This research and related results were made possible
with the support of the NOMIS\r\nFoundation. It was supported by the Scientific
Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the
nanofabrication facility, the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research andinnovation
programme under Grant Agreement No 862046, the HORIZONRIA\r\n101069515 project,
the European Innovation Council Pathfinder grant no. 101115315 (QuKiT), and the
FWF Projects #P-32235, #P-36507 and #F-8606. For the purpose of open access, the
authors have applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript
version arising from this submission. R.S.S. acknowledges Spanish CM “Talento Program\"\r\nProject
No. 2022-T1/IND-24070. J.J. acknowledges European Research Council TOCINA 834290."
article_number: '169'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Valentini, Marco
id: C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425
last_name: Valentini
- first_name: Oliver
full_name: Sagi, Oliver
id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
last_name: Sagi
- first_name: Levon
full_name: Baghumyan, Levon
id: 7aa1f788-b527-11ee-aa9e-e6111a79e0c7
last_name: Baghumyan
- first_name: Thijs
full_name: de Gijsel, Thijs
id: a0ece13c-b527-11ee-929d-bad130106eee
last_name: de Gijsel
- first_name: Jason
full_name: Jung, Jason
id: 4C9ACE7A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jung
- first_name: Stefano
full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Ballabio, Andrea
last_name: Ballabio
- first_name: Juan L
full_name: Aguilera Servin, Juan L
id: 2A67C376-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Aguilera Servin
orcid: 0000-0002-2862-8372
- first_name: Kushagra
full_name: Aggarwal, Kushagra
id: b22ab905-3539-11eb-84c3-fc159dcd79cb
last_name: Aggarwal
orcid: 0000-0001-9985-9293
- first_name: Marian
full_name: Janik, Marian
id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janik
orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Adletzberger, Thomas
id: 38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Adletzberger
- first_name: Rubén
full_name: Seoane Souto, Rubén
last_name: Seoane Souto
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Leijnse, Martin
last_name: Leijnse
- first_name: Jeroen
full_name: Danon, Jeroen
last_name: Danon
- first_name: Constantin
full_name: Schrade, Constantin
last_name: Schrade
- first_name: Erik
full_name: Bakkers, Erik
last_name: Bakkers
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Isella, Giovanni
last_name: Isella
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
ama: Valentini M, Sagi O, Baghumyan L, et al. Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport
and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium. Nature Communications.
2024;15. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0
apa: Valentini, M., Sagi, O., Baghumyan, L., de Gijsel, T., Jung, J., Calcaterra,
S., … Katsaros, G. (2024). Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting
diode in planar germanium. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0
chicago: Valentini, Marco, Oliver Sagi, Levon Baghumyan, Thijs de Gijsel, Jason
Jung, Stefano Calcaterra, Andrea Ballabio, et al. “Parity-Conserving Cooper-Pair
Transport and Ideal Superconducting Diode in Planar Germanium.” Nature Communications.
Springer Nature, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0.
ieee: M. Valentini et al., “Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal
superconducting diode in planar germanium,” Nature Communications, vol.
15. Springer Nature, 2024.
ista: Valentini M, Sagi O, Baghumyan L, de Gijsel T, Jung J, Calcaterra S, Ballabio
A, Aguilera Servin JL, Aggarwal K, Janik M, Adletzberger T, Seoane Souto R, Leijnse
M, Danon J, Schrade C, Bakkers E, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G. 2024. Parity-conserving
Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in planar germanium. Nature
Communications. 15, 169.
mla: Valentini, Marco, et al. “Parity-Conserving Cooper-Pair Transport and Ideal
Superconducting Diode in Planar Germanium.” Nature Communications, vol.
15, 169, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0.
short: M. Valentini, O. Sagi, L. Baghumyan, T. de Gijsel, J. Jung, S. Calcaterra,
A. Ballabio, J.L. Aguilera Servin, K. Aggarwal, M. Janik, T. Adletzberger, R.
Seoane Souto, M. Leijnse, J. Danon, C. Schrade, E. Bakkers, D. Chrastina, G. Isella,
G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 15 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-01-14T23:00:56Z
date_published: 2024-01-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-10-15T06:31:47Z
day: '02'
ddc:
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department:
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doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-44114-0
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pmid: 1
project:
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call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '862046'
name: TOPOLOGICALLY PROTECTED AND SCALABLE QUANTUM BITS
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
grant_number: '101069515'
name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: bdc2ca30-d553-11ed-ba76-cf164a5bb811
grant_number: '101115315'
name: Quantum bits with Kitaev Transmons
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
grant_number: P36507
name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: 34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e
grant_number: F8606
name: 'Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems:
Conventional and unconventional topological superconductors'
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call_identifier: FWF
name: FWF Open Access Fund
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Parity-conserving Cooper-pair transport and ideal superconducting diode in
planar germanium
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
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type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 15
year: '2024'
...
---
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OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '18602'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in planar germanium (Ge) heterostructures
have emerged as front-runners for future hole-based quantum processors. Here,
we present strong coupling between a hole charge qubit, defined in a double quantum
dot (DQD) in planar Ge, and microwave photons in a high-impedance (Zr = 1.3 kΩ)
resonator based on an array of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs).
Our investigation reveals vacuum-Rabi splittings with coupling strengths up to
g0/2π = 260 MHz, and a cooperativity of C ~ 100, dependent on DQD tuning. Furthermore,
utilizing the frequency tunability of our resonator, we explore the quenched energy
splitting associated with strong Coulomb correlation effects in Ge QDs. The observed
enhanced coherence of the strongly correlated excited state signals the presence
of distinct symmetries within related spin functions, serving as a precursor to
the strong coupling between photons and spin-charge hybrid qubits in planar Ge.
This work paves the way towards coherent quantum connections between remote hole
qubits in planar Ge, required to scale up hole-based quantum processors.
acknowledgement: The authors thank Simone Frasca, Vincent Jouanny, Guillaume Beaulieu,
Camille Roy, Dominic Dahinden, Davide Lombardo, Daniel Chrastina, and Siddhart Gautam
for contributing to some cleanroom fabrication steps, the measurement setup, device
simulations, data analysis, and for the useful discussions. P.S. acknowledges support
from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through the grants Ref. No. 200021
200418 and Ref. No. 206021_205335, and from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education,
Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number 01042765 SEFRI MB22.00081.
W.J. acknowledges support from the EPFL QSE Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant. S.B.,
D.L., and P.S. acknowledge support from the NCCR Spin Qubit in Silicon (NCCR-SPIN)
Grant No. 51NF40-180604. M.J., G.K., G.I., and S.C. acknowledge support from the
Horizon Europe Project IGNITE ID 101070193. G.K. acknowledges support from the FWF
via the P32235 and I05060 projects.
article_number: '10177'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Franco
full_name: De Palma, Franco
last_name: De Palma
- first_name: Fabian
full_name: Oppliger, Fabian
last_name: Oppliger
- first_name: Wonjin
full_name: Jang, Wonjin
last_name: Jang
- first_name: Stefano
full_name: Bosco, Stefano
last_name: Bosco
- first_name: Marian
full_name: Janik, Marian
id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janik
orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Stefano
full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Isella, Giovanni
last_name: Isella
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Loss, Daniel
last_name: Loss
- first_name: Pasquale
full_name: Scarlino, Pasquale
last_name: Scarlino
citation:
ama: De Palma F, Oppliger F, Jang W, et al. Strong hole-photon coupling in planar
Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states. Nature Communications.
2024;15. doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7
apa: De Palma, F., Oppliger, F., Jang, W., Bosco, S., Janik, M., Calcaterra, S.,
… Scarlino, P. (2024). Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge
degree and strongly correlated states. Nature Communications. Springer
Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7
chicago: De Palma, Franco, Fabian Oppliger, Wonjin Jang, Stefano Bosco, Marian Janik,
Stefano Calcaterra, Georgios Katsaros, Giovanni Isella, Daniel Loss, and Pasquale
Scarlino. “Strong Hole-Photon Coupling in Planar Ge for Probing Charge Degree
and Strongly Correlated States.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature,
2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7.
ieee: F. De Palma et al., “Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing
charge degree and strongly correlated states,” Nature Communications, vol.
15. Springer Nature, 2024.
ista: De Palma F, Oppliger F, Jang W, Bosco S, Janik M, Calcaterra S, Katsaros G,
Isella G, Loss D, Scarlino P. 2024. Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for
probing charge degree and strongly correlated states. Nature Communications. 15,
10177.
mla: De Palma, Franco, et al. “Strong Hole-Photon Coupling in Planar Ge for Probing
Charge Degree and Strongly Correlated States.” Nature Communications, vol.
15, 10177, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7.
short: F. De Palma, F. Oppliger, W. Jang, S. Bosco, M. Janik, S. Calcaterra, G.
Katsaros, G. Isella, D. Loss, P. Scarlino, Nature Communications 15 (2024).
date_created: 2024-12-01T23:01:53Z
date_published: 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T14:46:06Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7
external_id:
isi:
- '001362684200001'
pmid:
- '39580488'
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creator: dernst
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file_name: 2024_NatureComm_dePalma.pdf
file_size: 5288092
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success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-12-03T11:00:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 15'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
grant_number: I05060
name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly
correlated states
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 15
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '18129'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "State-of-the-art quantum computers, with roughly a thousand qubits, face
a crucial technological challenge of scaling up. Spins confined in quantum dots
(QDs) are a promising candidate\r\nfor qubits due to their long coherence, tunability,
control, and readout. However, their natural\r\ncoupling is the short-ranged (∼
100 nm) exchange interaction, limited to nearest neighbours.\r\nLong-ranged (∼
1 mm) qubit interactions mediated by a photon could be engineered through a\r\ncoherent
spin-photon coupling. Achieving a strong coupling to a photon is inherently challenging
in QDs due to the small dipole moment of the confined charge. However, the potential
of\r\nhigh-impedance resonators to compensate for this has gained significant
attention in the past\r\ndecade. Nevertheless, previous QD circuit quantum electrodynamics
implementations have not\r\nexceeded the impedance of ∼ 3.8 kΩ, leaving opportunities
for significant improvement. The\r\nlarge kinetic inductance of granular aluminium
(grAl) could provide an order-of-magnitude\r\nenhancement. However, fully exploiting
the potential of disordered or granular superconductors\r\nis challenging as their
impedances close to the superconductor-to-insulator transition are\r\ndifficult
to control reproducibly. We report on the realization of a wireless ohmmeter which\r\nallows
in situ resistance measurements during film deposition and, therefore, indirect
control\r\nof the kinetic inductance of grAl films. This allows us to reproducibly
fabricate resonators\r\nwith characteristic impedance exceeding the resistance
quantum, even reaching 22.3 kW, due\r\nto the large sheet kinetic inductance of
up to 3 nH □−1\r\n. By integrating an 8 kW resonator\r\nwith a germanium double
QD, we demonstrate a strong charge-photon coupling with the\r\nhighest rate reported,
566 MHz. The demonstrated method and grAl properties make these\r\nresonators
suitable for boosting the spin-photon coupling strength, a crucial requirement
for\r\nfast, high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Marian
full_name: Janik, Marian
id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janik
orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
citation:
ama: Janik M. Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium
superinductors. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:18129
apa: Janik, M. (2024). Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by
granular aluminium superinductors. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129
chicago: Janik, Marian. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular
Aluminium Superinductors.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.
https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129.
ieee: M. Janik, “Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular
aluminium superinductors,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.
ista: Janik M. 2024. Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular
aluminium superinductors. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Janik, Marian. Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular
Aluminium Superinductors. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024,
doi:10.15479/at:ista:18129.
short: M. Janik, Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular
Aluminium Superinductors, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-09-23T17:25:43Z
date_published: 2024-09-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-03T07:16:03Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:18129
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month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '164'
project:
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
grant_number: I05060
name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
grant_number: P36507
name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
grant_number: '101069515'
name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2
name: Protected states of quantum matter
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '18144'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: repository
_id: '18144'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for\r\nthe
realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their\r\nhigh
impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point\r\nfluctuations
of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge\r\nqubits. However,
fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular\r\nsuperconductors is
challenging, as their inductance and, therefore, impedance\r\nat high values are
difficult to control. Here we have integrated a granular\r\naluminium resonator,
having a characteristic impedance exceeding the resistance\r\nquantum, with a
germanium double quantum dot and demonstrate strong\r\ncharge-photon coupling
with a rate of $g_\\text{c}/2\\pi= (566 \\pm 2)$ MHz. This\r\nwas achieved due
to the realisation of a wireless ohmmeter, which allows\r\n\\emph{in situ} measurements
during film deposition and, therefore, control of\r\nthe kinetic inductance of
granular aluminium films. Reproducible fabrication of\r\ncircuits with impedances
(inductances) exceeding 13 k$\\Omega$ (1 nH per square)\r\nis now possible. This
broadly applicable method opens the path for novel qubits\r\nand high-fidelity,
long-distance two-qubit gates."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: "We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger,
Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. This research
was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided
by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related
results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA
101069515 project, the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/P32235, DOI:10.55776/I5060
and DOI:10.55776/P36507. IMP acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
(DFG – German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED).
ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge
support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies
(PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission – NextGenerationEU
(Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s\r\nQuantum Technologies Platform (QTEP).
ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.:
CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.
Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona Materials Science PhD program. AGM has received funding from Grant
RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union
NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya
and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors\r\nacknowledge the
use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy
Center at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB)
funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development\r\nFund (ERDF),
with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya.
ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM [60]."
article_number: '2407.03079'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Marian
full_name: Janik, Marian
id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janik
orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Kevin Etienne Robert
full_name: Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert
id: 53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef
last_name: Roux
- first_name: Carla N
full_name: Borja Espinosa, Carla N
id: 18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16
last_name: Borja Espinosa
- first_name: Oliver
full_name: Sagi, Oliver
id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
last_name: Sagi
- first_name: Abdulhamid
full_name: Baghdadi, Abdulhamid
id: 160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425
last_name: Baghdadi
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Adletzberger, Thomas
id: 38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Adletzberger
- first_name: Stefano
full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Marc
full_name: Botifoll, Marc
last_name: Botifoll
- first_name: Alba Garzón
full_name: Manjón, Alba Garzón
last_name: Manjón
- first_name: Jordi
full_name: Arbiol, Jordi
last_name: Arbiol
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Isella, Giovanni
last_name: Isella
- first_name: Ioan M.
full_name: Pop, Ioan M.
last_name: Pop
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
ama: Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling
in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. arXiv.
doi:10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079
apa: Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger,
T., … Katsaros, G. (n.d.). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled
by granular aluminium superinductors. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079
chicago: Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver
Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong
Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.”
ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079.
ieee: M. Janik et al., “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium
enabled by granular aluminium superinductors,” arXiv. .
ista: Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T,
Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Manjón AG, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop IM,
Katsaros G. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular
aluminium superinductors. arXiv, 2407.03079.
mla: Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled
by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” ArXiv, 2407.03079, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079.
short: M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger,
S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A.G. Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, I.M.
Pop, G. Katsaros, ArXiv (n.d.).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-09-26T09:50:43Z
date_published: 2024-07-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-26T22:30:43Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079
external_id:
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- '2407.03079'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
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url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
grant_number: '101069515'
name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
grant_number: P36507
name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
grant_number: I05060
name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
publication: arXiv
publication_status: draft
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title: Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium
superinductors
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: repository
_id: '13312'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Superconductor/semiconductor hybrid devices have attracted increasing\r\ninterest
in the past years. Superconducting electronics aims to complement\r\nsemiconductor
technology, while hybrid architectures are at the forefront of\r\nnew ideas such
as topological superconductivity and protected qubits. In this\r\nwork, we engineer
the induced superconductivity in two-dimensional germanium\r\nhole gas by varying
the distance between the quantum well and the aluminum. We\r\ndemonstrate a hard
superconducting gap and realize an electrically and flux\r\ntunable superconducting
diode using a superconducting quantum interference\r\ndevice (SQUID). This allows
to tune the current phase relation (CPR), to a\r\nregime where single Cooper pair
tunneling is suppressed, creating a $ \\sin\r\n\\left( 2 \\varphi \\right)$ CPR.
Shapiro experiments complement this\r\ninterpretation and the microwave drive
allows to create a diode with $ \\approx\r\n100 \\%$ efficiency. The reported
results open up the path towards monolithic\r\nintegration of spin qubit devices,
microwave resonators and (protected)\r\nsuperconducting qubits on a silicon technology
compatible platform."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: "The authors acknowledge Alexander Brinkmann, Alessandro Crippa,
Andrew Higginbotham, Andrea Iorio, Giordano\r\nScappucci and Christian Schonenberger
for helpful discussions. We thank Marcel Verheijen for the support in the\r\nTEM
analysis. This research and related results were made\r\npossible with the support
of the NOMIS Foundation. It was\r\nsupported by the Scientific Service Units of
ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the\r\nnanofabrication
facility, the European Union’s Horizon 2020\r\nresearch and innovation programme
under Grant Agreement\r\nNo 862046, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project and the\r\nFWF
Projects #P-32235, #P-36507 and #F-8606. R.S.S.\r\nacknowledges Spanish CM “Talento
Program” Project No.\r\n2022-T1/IND-24070."
article_number: '2306.07109'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Valentini, Marco
id: C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425
last_name: Valentini
- first_name: Oliver
full_name: Sagi, Oliver
id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
last_name: Sagi
- first_name: Levon
full_name: Baghumyan, Levon
last_name: Baghumyan
- first_name: Thijs de
full_name: Gijsel, Thijs de
last_name: Gijsel
- first_name: Jason
full_name: Jung, Jason
id: 4C9ACE7A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jung
- first_name: Stefano
full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Ballabio, Andrea
last_name: Ballabio
- first_name: Juan Aguilera
full_name: Servin, Juan Aguilera
last_name: Servin
- first_name: Kushagra
full_name: Aggarwal, Kushagra
id: b22ab905-3539-11eb-84c3-fc159dcd79cb
last_name: Aggarwal
orcid: 0000-0001-9985-9293
- first_name: Marian
full_name: Janik, Marian
id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Janik
orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Adletzberger, Thomas
id: 38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Adletzberger
- first_name: Rubén Seoane
full_name: Souto, Rubén Seoane
last_name: Souto
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Leijnse, Martin
last_name: Leijnse
- first_name: Jeroen
full_name: Danon, Jeroen
last_name: Danon
- first_name: Constantin
full_name: Schrade, Constantin
last_name: Schrade
- first_name: Erik
full_name: Bakkers, Erik
last_name: Bakkers
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Isella, Giovanni
last_name: Isella
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
ama: Valentini M, Sagi O, Baghumyan L, et al. Radio frequency driven superconducting
diode and parity conserving Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium
hole gas. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109
apa: Valentini, M., Sagi, O., Baghumyan, L., Gijsel, T. de, Jung, J., Calcaterra,
S., … Katsaros, G. (n.d.). Radio frequency driven superconducting diode and parity
conserving Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium hole gas. arXiv.
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109
chicago: Valentini, Marco, Oliver Sagi, Levon Baghumyan, Thijs de Gijsel, Jason
Jung, Stefano Calcaterra, Andrea Ballabio, et al. “Radio Frequency Driven Superconducting
Diode and Parity Conserving Cooper Pair Transport in a Two-Dimensional Germanium
Hole Gas.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109.
ieee: M. Valentini et al., “Radio frequency driven superconducting diode
and parity conserving Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium hole
gas,” arXiv. .
ista: Valentini M, Sagi O, Baghumyan L, Gijsel T de, Jung J, Calcaterra S, Ballabio
A, Servin JA, Aggarwal K, Janik M, Adletzberger T, Souto RS, Leijnse M, Danon
J, Schrade C, Bakkers E, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G. Radio frequency driven
superconducting diode and parity conserving Cooper pair transport in a two-dimensional
germanium hole gas. arXiv, 2306.07109.
mla: Valentini, Marco, et al. “Radio Frequency Driven Superconducting Diode and
Parity Conserving Cooper Pair Transport in a Two-Dimensional Germanium Hole Gas.”
ArXiv, 2306.07109, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109.
short: M. Valentini, O. Sagi, L. Baghumyan, T. de Gijsel, J. Jung, S. Calcaterra,
A. Ballabio, J.A. Servin, K. Aggarwal, M. Janik, T. Adletzberger, R.S. Souto,
M. Leijnse, J. Danon, C. Schrade, E. Bakkers, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros,
ArXiv (n.d.).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-07-26T11:17:20Z
date_published: 2023-06-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:27:22Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: M-Shop
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2306.07109'
keyword:
- Mesoscale and Nanoscale Physics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2306.07109
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 237E5020-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '862046'
name: TOPOLOGICALLY PROTECTED AND SCALABLE QUANTUM BITS
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
grant_number: P36507
name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: 34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e
grant_number: F8606
name: 'Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems:
Conventional and unconventional topological superconductors'
- _id: eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2
name: Protected states of quantum matter
publication: arXiv
publication_status: draft
related_material:
record:
- id: '13286'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
title: Radio frequency driven superconducting diode and parity conserving Cooper
pair transport in a two-dimensional germanium hole gas
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2023'
...
---
_id: '7689'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "These are the supplementary research data to the publication \"Zero field
splitting of heavy-hole states in quantum dots\". All matrix files have the same
format. Within each column the bias voltage is changed. Each column corresponds
to either a different gate voltage or magnetic field. The voltage values are given
in mV, the current values in pA. Find a specific description in the included Readme
file.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
ama: Katsaros G. Supplementary data for “Zero field splitting of heavy-hole states
in quantum dots.” 2020. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7689
apa: Katsaros, G. (2020). Supplementary data for “Zero field splitting of heavy-hole
states in quantum dots.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7689
chicago: Katsaros, Georgios. “Supplementary Data for ‘Zero Field Splitting of Heavy-Hole
States in Quantum Dots.’” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:7689.
ieee: G. Katsaros, “Supplementary data for ‘Zero field splitting of heavy-hole states
in quantum dots.’” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020.
ista: Katsaros G. 2020. Supplementary data for ‘Zero field splitting of heavy-hole
states in quantum dots’, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7689.
mla: Katsaros, Georgios. Supplementary Data for “Zero Field Splitting of Heavy-Hole
States in Quantum Dots.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2020,
doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:7689.
short: G. Katsaros, (2020).
contributor:
- contributor_type: contact_person
first_name: Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2020-05-01T15:14:46Z
date_published: 2020-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-15T08:39:16Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7689
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: d23c0cb9e2d19e14e2f902b88b97c05d
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: gkatsaro
date_created: 2020-05-01T15:13:28Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:02Z
file_id: '7786'
file_name: DOI_ZeroFieldSplitting.zip
file_size: 5514403
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:02Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 237E5020-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '862046'
name: TOPOLOGICALLY PROTECTED AND SCALABLE QUANTUM BITS
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '8203'
relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: Supplementary data for "Zero field splitting of heavy-hole states in quantum
dots"
tmp:
image: /images/cc_0.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0)
short: CC0 (1.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '8203'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Using inelastic cotunneling spectroscopy we observe a zero field splitting
within the spin triplet manifold of Ge hut wire quantum dots. The states with
spin ±1 in the confinement direction are energetically favored by up to 55 μeV
compared to the spin 0 triplet state because of the strong spin–orbit coupling.
The reported effect should be observable in a broad class of strongly confined
hole quantum-dot systems and might need to be considered when operating hole spin
qubits.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: "We acknowledge G. Burkard, V. N. Golovach, C. Kloeffel, D.Loss,
P. Rabl, and M. Rancič ́ for helpful discussions. We\r\nfurther acknowledge T.
Adletzberger, J. Aguilera, T. Asenov, S. Bagiante, T. Menner, L. Shafeek, P. Taus,
P. Traunmüller, and D. Waldhausl for their invaluable assistance. This research
was supported by the Scientific Service Units of IST Austria through resources provided
by the MIBA Machine Shop and the nanofabrication facility, by the FWF-P 32235 project,
by the National Key R&D Program of China (2016YFA0301701, 2016YFA0300600), and by
the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under grant agreement
no. 862046. All data of this publication are available at 10.15479/AT:ISTA:7689."
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- first_name: Josip
full_name: Kukucka, Josip
id: 3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kukucka
- first_name: Lada
full_name: Vukušić, Lada
id: 31E9F056-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vukušić
orcid: 0000-0003-2424-8636
- first_name: Hannes
full_name: Watzinger, Hannes
id: 35DF8E50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Watzinger
- first_name: Fei
full_name: Gao, Fei
last_name: Gao
- first_name: Ting
full_name: Wang, Ting
last_name: Wang
orcid: 0000-0002-4619-9575
- first_name: Jian-Jun
full_name: Zhang, Jian-Jun
last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Karsten
full_name: Held, Karsten
last_name: Held
citation:
ama: Katsaros G, Kukucka J, Vukušić L, et al. Zero field splitting of heavy-hole
states in quantum dots. Nano Letters. 2020;20(7):5201-5206. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01466
apa: Katsaros, G., Kukucka, J., Vukušić, L., Watzinger, H., Gao, F., Wang, T., …
Held, K. (2020). Zero field splitting of heavy-hole states in quantum dots. Nano
Letters. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01466
chicago: Katsaros, Georgios, Josip Kukucka, Lada Vukušić, Hannes Watzinger, Fei
Gao, Ting Wang, Jian-Jun Zhang, and Karsten Held. “Zero Field Splitting of Heavy-Hole
States in Quantum Dots.” Nano Letters. American Chemical Society, 2020.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01466.
ieee: G. Katsaros et al., “Zero field splitting of heavy-hole states in quantum
dots,” Nano Letters, vol. 20, no. 7. American Chemical Society, pp. 5201–5206,
2020.
ista: Katsaros G, Kukucka J, Vukušić L, Watzinger H, Gao F, Wang T, Zhang J-J, Held
K. 2020. Zero field splitting of heavy-hole states in quantum dots. Nano Letters.
20(7), 5201–5206.
mla: Katsaros, Georgios, et al. “Zero Field Splitting of Heavy-Hole States in Quantum
Dots.” Nano Letters, vol. 20, no. 7, American Chemical Society, 2020, pp.
5201–06, doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01466.
short: G. Katsaros, J. Kukucka, L. Vukušić, H. Watzinger, F. Gao, T. Wang, J.-J.
Zhang, K. Held, Nano Letters 20 (2020) 5201–5206.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2020-08-06T09:25:04Z
date_published: 2020-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-15T08:39:16Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.0c01466
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000548893200066'
pmid:
- '32479090'
file:
- access_level: open_access
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2020-08-06T09:35:37Z
date_updated: 2020-08-06T09:35:37Z
file_id: '8204'
file_name: 2020_NanoLetters_Katsaros.pdf
file_size: 3308906
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2020-08-06T09:35:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 20'
isi: 1
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 5201-5206
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P32235
name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: 237E5020-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '862046'
name: TOPOLOGICALLY PROTECTED AND SCALABLE QUANTUM BITS
publication: Nano Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1530-6992
issn:
- 1530-6984
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '7689'
relation: research_data
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Zero field splitting of heavy-hole states in quantum dots
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 20
year: '2020'
...
---
_id: '7541'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Semiconductor nanowires have been playing a crucial role in the development
of nanoscale devices for the realization of spin qubits, Majorana fermions, single
photon emitters, nanoprocessors, etc. The monolithic growth of site‐controlled
nanowires is a prerequisite toward the next generation of devices that will require
addressability and scalability. Here, combining top‐down nanofabrication and bottom‐up
self‐assembly, the growth of Ge wires on prepatterned Si (001) substrates with
controllable position, distance, length, and structure is reported. This is achieved
by a novel growth process that uses a SiGe strain‐relaxation template and can
be potentially generalized to other material combinations. Transport measurements
show an electrically tunable spin–orbit coupling, with a spin–orbit length similar
to that of III–V materials. Also, charge sensing between quantum dots in closely
spaced wires is observed, which underlines their potential for the realization
of advanced quantum devices. The reported results open a path toward scalable
qubit devices using nanowires on silicon.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: 'This work was supported by the National Key R&D Program of China
(Grant Nos. 2016YFA0301701 and 2016YFA0300600), the NSFC (Grant Nos. 11574356, 11434010,
and 11404252), the Strategic Priority Research Program of CAS (Grant No. XDB30000000),
the ERC Starting Grant No. 335497, the FWF P32235 project, and the European Union''s
Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under Grant Agreement #862046. This
research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of IST Austria through resources
provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the nanofabrication facility. F.L. thanks
support from DOE (Grant No. DE‐FG02‐04ER46148). H.H. thanks the Startup Funding
from Xi''an Jiaotong University.'
article_number: '1906523'
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Fei
full_name: Gao, Fei
last_name: Gao
- first_name: Jian-Huan
full_name: Wang, Jian-Huan
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Hannes
full_name: Watzinger, Hannes
id: 35DF8E50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Watzinger
- first_name: Hao
full_name: Hu, Hao
last_name: Hu
- first_name: Marko J.
full_name: Rančić, Marko J.
last_name: Rančić
- first_name: Jie-Yin
full_name: Zhang, Jie-Yin
last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Ting
full_name: Wang, Ting
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Yuan
full_name: Yao, Yuan
last_name: Yao
- first_name: Gui-Lei
full_name: Wang, Gui-Lei
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Josip
full_name: Kukucka, Josip
id: 3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kukucka
- first_name: Lada
full_name: Vukušić, Lada
id: 31E9F056-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vukušić
orcid: 0000-0003-2424-8636
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Kloeffel, Christoph
last_name: Kloeffel
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Loss, Daniel
last_name: Loss
- first_name: Feng
full_name: Liu, Feng
last_name: Liu
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- first_name: Jian-Jun
full_name: Zhang, Jian-Jun
last_name: Zhang
citation:
ama: Gao F, Wang J-H, Watzinger H, et al. Site-controlled uniform Ge/Si hut wires
with electrically tunable spin-orbit coupling. Advanced Materials. 2020;32(16).
doi:10.1002/adma.201906523
apa: Gao, F., Wang, J.-H., Watzinger, H., Hu, H., Rančić, M. J., Zhang, J.-Y., …
Zhang, J.-J. (2020). Site-controlled uniform Ge/Si hut wires with electrically
tunable spin-orbit coupling. Advanced Materials. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201906523
chicago: Gao, Fei, Jian-Huan Wang, Hannes Watzinger, Hao Hu, Marko J. Rančić, Jie-Yin
Zhang, Ting Wang, et al. “Site-Controlled Uniform Ge/Si Hut Wires with Electrically
Tunable Spin-Orbit Coupling.” Advanced Materials. Wiley, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1002/adma.201906523.
ieee: F. Gao et al., “Site-controlled uniform Ge/Si hut wires with electrically
tunable spin-orbit coupling,” Advanced Materials, vol. 32, no. 16. Wiley,
2020.
ista: Gao F, Wang J-H, Watzinger H, Hu H, Rančić MJ, Zhang J-Y, Wang T, Yao Y, Wang
G-L, Kukucka J, Vukušić L, Kloeffel C, Loss D, Liu F, Katsaros G, Zhang J-J. 2020.
Site-controlled uniform Ge/Si hut wires with electrically tunable spin-orbit coupling.
Advanced Materials. 32(16), 1906523.
mla: Gao, Fei, et al. “Site-Controlled Uniform Ge/Si Hut Wires with Electrically
Tunable Spin-Orbit Coupling.” Advanced Materials, vol. 32, no. 16, 1906523,
Wiley, 2020, doi:10.1002/adma.201906523.
short: F. Gao, J.-H. Wang, H. Watzinger, H. Hu, M.J. Rančić, J.-Y. Zhang, T. Wang,
Y. Yao, G.-L. Wang, J. Kukucka, L. Vukušić, C. Kloeffel, D. Loss, F. Liu, G. Katsaros,
J.-J. Zhang, Advanced Materials 32 (2020).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2020-02-28T09:47:00Z
date_published: 2020-04-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-18T17:54:46Z
day: '23'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1002/adma.201906523
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
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title: Site-controlled uniform Ge/Si hut wires with electrically tunable spin-orbit
coupling
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