[{"publication_status":"published","_id":"20607","tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"12065","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"id":"13044","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"deleted","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"20437"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"14687"}]},"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"StFr"}],"date_published":"2025-09-19T00:00:00Z","month":"09","project":[{"name":"Singlet oxygen in non-aqueous oxygen redox chemistry","_id":"8df062be-16d5-11f0-9cad-f559b6612c7e","grant_number":"P37169"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","title":"Oxygen and sulfur redox : Conversion kinetics and phase equilibria","oa_version":"Published Version","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"SSU"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"citation":{"mla":"Mondal, Soumyadip. <i>Oxygen and Sulfur Redox : Conversion Kinetics and Phase Equilibria</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607</a>.","chicago":"Mondal, Soumyadip. “Oxygen and Sulfur Redox : Conversion Kinetics and Phase Equilibria.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607</a>.","ista":"Mondal S. 2025. Oxygen and sulfur redox : Conversion kinetics and phase equilibria. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Mondal S. Oxygen and sulfur redox : Conversion kinetics and phase equilibria. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607</a>","ieee":"S. Mondal, “Oxygen and sulfur redox : Conversion kinetics and phase equilibria,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","apa":"Mondal, S. (2025). <i>Oxygen and sulfur redox : Conversion kinetics and phase equilibria</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607</a>","short":"S. Mondal, Oxygen and Sulfur Redox : Conversion Kinetics and Phase Equilibria, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025."},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"],"isbn":["978-3-99078-071-8"]},"OA_place":"publisher","file":[{"file_size":32589295,"file_id":"20644","relation":"source_file","creator":"smondal","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","date_created":"2025-11-13T16:47:47Z","date_updated":"2025-11-13T16:47:47Z","checksum":"b5eed6a3dccb83cd2a8a22e11fd7d867","access_level":"closed","file_name":"2025_Mondal_Soumyadip_Thesis.docx"},{"file_size":5007370,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"20645","checksum":"89b1529e0a7b524f46624d73ecadf8cb","access_level":"closed","date_updated":"2025-11-13T16:47:46Z","date_created":"2025-11-13T16:47:46Z","content_type":"application/pdf","embargo_to":"open_access","creator":"smondal","file_name":"2025_Mondal_Soumyadip_Thesis.pdf","embargo":"2026-11-13"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"full_name":"Mondal, Soumyadip","id":"d25d21ef-dc8d-11ea-abe3-ec4576307f48","last_name":"Mondal","first_name":"Soumyadip"}],"day":"19","ddc":["541","543","542"],"date_updated":"2026-04-07T12:27:24Z","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","acknowledgement":"I gratefully acknowledge the support of the ISTA Graduate School and the Scientific Service Units of\r\nISTA, whose resources made this work possible—especially the Imaging & Optics Facility, the Lab\r\nSupport Facility, and the Miba Machine Shop. I would like to thank two staff scientists in particular:\r\nRobert Hauschild (Imaging & Optics Facility) and Daniel Balazs (Lab Support Facility), for their\r\nassistance and advice. My PhD was partially funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF)\r\n(10.55776/P37169 and 10.55776/COE5).","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","page":"71","type":"dissertation","degree_awarded":"PhD","year":"2025","status":"public","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-20607","date_created":"2025-11-07T12:40:54Z","file_date_updated":"2025-11-13T16:47:47Z","supervisor":[{"full_name":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander","id":"A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425","last_name":"Freunberger","first_name":"Stefan Alexander","orcid":"0000-0003-2902-5319"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"oa_version":"Published Version","corr_author":"1","pmid":1,"title":"Marcus kinetics control singlet and triplet oxygen evolving from superoxide","publication":"Nature","has_accepted_license":"1","intvolume":"       646","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0028-0836"],"eissn":["1476-4687"]},"quality_controlled":"1","isi":1,"citation":{"ista":"Mondal S, Nguyen HTK, Hauschild R, Freunberger SA. 2025. Marcus kinetics control singlet and triplet oxygen evolving from superoxide. Nature. 646(8085), 601–605.","mla":"Mondal, Soumyadip, et al. “Marcus Kinetics Control Singlet and Triplet Oxygen Evolving from Superoxide.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 646, no. 8085, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 601–605, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7\">10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7</a>.","chicago":"Mondal, Soumyadip, Huyen T.K. Nguyen, Robert Hauschild, and Stefan Alexander Freunberger. “Marcus Kinetics Control Singlet and Triplet Oxygen Evolving from Superoxide.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7</a>.","short":"S. Mondal, H.T.K. Nguyen, R. Hauschild, S.A. Freunberger, Nature 646 (2025) 601–605.","apa":"Mondal, S., Nguyen, H. T. K., Hauschild, R., &#38; Freunberger, S. A. (2025). Marcus kinetics control singlet and triplet oxygen evolving from superoxide. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7</a>","ieee":"S. Mondal, H. T. K. Nguyen, R. Hauschild, and S. A. Freunberger, “Marcus kinetics control singlet and triplet oxygen evolving from superoxide,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 646, no. 8085. Springer Nature, pp. 601–605, 2025.","ama":"Mondal S, Nguyen HTK, Hauschild R, Freunberger SA. Marcus kinetics control singlet and triplet oxygen evolving from superoxide. <i>Nature</i>. 2025;646(8085):601–605. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7\">10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7</a>"},"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"article_type":"original","_id":"17468","publication_status":"published","date_published":"2025-10-16T00:00:00Z","month":"10","project":[{"_id":"8df062be-16d5-11f0-9cad-f559b6612c7e","grant_number":"P37169","name":"Singlet oxygen in non-aqueous oxygen redox chemistry"},{"grant_number":"CZI01","_id":"c08e9ad1-5a5b-11eb-8a69-9d1cf3b07473","name":"Tools for automation and feedback microscopy"}],"PlanS_conform":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Oxygen redox chemistry is central to life1 and many human-made technologies, such as in energy storage2,3,4. The large energy gain from oxygen redox reactions is often connected with the occurrence of harmful reactive oxygen species3,5,6. Key species are superoxide and the highly reactive singlet oxygen3,4,5,6,7, which may evolve from superoxide. However, the factors determining the formation of singlet oxygen, rather than the relatively unreactive triplet oxygen, are unknown. Here we report that the release of triplet or singlet oxygen is governed by individual Marcus normal and inverted region behaviour. We found that as the driving force for the reaction increases, the initially dominant evolution of triplet oxygen slows down, and singlet oxygen evolution becomes predominant with higher maximum kinetics. This behaviour also applies to the widely observed superoxide disproportionation, in which one superoxide is oxidized by another, in both non-aqueous and aqueous systems, with Lewis and Brønsted acidity controlling the driving forces. Singlet oxygen yields governed by these conditions are relevant, for example, in batteries or cellular organelles in which superoxide forms. Our findings suggest ways to understand and control spin states and kinetics in oxygen redox chemistry, with implications for fields, including life sciences, pure chemistry and energy storage."}],"related_material":{"link":[{"description":"News on ISTA website","relation":"press_release","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/taming-the-bad-oxygen/"}]},"department":[{"_id":"StFr"},{"_id":"Bio"}],"tmp":{"short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"issue":"8085","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-09587-7","scopus_import":"1","year":"2025","oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["001586378900001"],"pmid":["41044415"]},"status":"public","page":"601–605","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-10-20T10:26:13Z","date_created":"2024-08-29T10:40:23Z","file":[{"success":1,"file_name":"2025_Nature_Mondal.pdf","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2025-10-20T10:26:13Z","content_type":"application/pdf","date_updated":"2025-10-20T10:26:13Z","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"b507ddd23df0388aa65d04dc9b00fe3d","relation":"main_file","file_id":"20500","file_size":3809247}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","OA_place":"publisher","volume":646,"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","acknowledgement":"S.A.F. thanks the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) for the support. The Scientific Service Units of ISTA supported this research through resources provided by the Imaging and Optics Facility, the Lab Support Facility, the Miba Machine Shop and Scientific Computing. This research was partly funded by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (10.55776/P37169 and 10.55776/COE5). For open access purposes, the author has applied for a CC BY public copyright licence to any author-accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. R.H. acknowledges funding through CZI grant DAF2020-225401 (10.37921/120055ratwvi) from the Chan Zuckerberg Initiative DAF, an advised fund of Silicon Valley Community Foundation (10.13039/100014989). H.T.K.N. acknowledges funding by the European Commission Erasmus Mundus Joint Masters programme. We thank M. Sixt and M. Chinon for the discussions about O-redox in life and R. Jethwa for proofreading. Open access funding was provided by ISTA.","publisher":"Springer Nature","date_updated":"2026-04-28T13:18:33Z","ddc":["540"],"day":"16","OA_type":"hybrid","author":[{"last_name":"Mondal","first_name":"Soumyadip","id":"d25d21ef-dc8d-11ea-abe3-ec4576307f48","full_name":"Mondal, Soumyadip"},{"full_name":"Nguyen, Huyen T.K.","last_name":"Nguyen","first_name":"Huyen T.K."},{"full_name":"Hauschild, Robert","first_name":"Robert","orcid":"0000-0001-9843-3522","last_name":"Hauschild","id":"4E01D6B4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425","last_name":"Freunberger","orcid":"0000-0003-2902-5319","first_name":"Stefan Alexander","full_name":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander"}]}]