[{"contributor":[{"contributor_type":"researcher","first_name":"Cornelius","last_name":"Carlsson"},{"last_name":"Fedele","first_name":"Federico ","contributor_type":"researcher"},{"last_name":"Calcaterra","first_name":"Stefano","contributor_type":"researcher"},{"last_name":"Chrastina","contributor_type":"researcher","first_name":" Daniel "},{"last_name":"Isella","first_name":"Giovanni ","contributor_type":"researcher"},{"id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","contributor_type":"researcher","last_name":"Katsaros"},{"last_name":"Ares","contributor_type":"researcher","first_name":"Natalia"}],"year":"2025","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control","day":"01","ddc":["530"],"date_updated":"2025-07-01T07:19:26Z","date_created":"2025-06-24T06:56:03Z","date_published":"2025-06-01T00:00:00Z","month":"06","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"corr_author":"1","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2025-06-24T15:14:13Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":3404814792,"date_updated":"2025-06-24T15:14:13Z","file_id":"19893","success":1,"content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","file_name":"DatasetsPaper.zip","creator":"jsaezmol","checksum":"eff1ae9e46599fdfab8da00a2ca3c289"},{"date_created":"2025-06-25T07:11:52Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":622,"date_updated":"2025-06-25T07:11:52Z","relation":"main_file","file_name":"README.txt","creator":"jsaezmol","checksum":"21840ceac04d677a799b8e5bd919804f","file_id":"19899","success":1,"content_type":"text/plain"}],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"This .zip file contains the data to reproduce the figures and supplementary figures of \"Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control\" by Cornelius Carlsson and Jaime Saez-Mollejo et al."}],"doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","acknowledgement":"The authors would like to thank Barnaby van Straaten, Jonas Schuff, Daniel Jirovec and Hanifa Tidjani for fruitful discussions. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication Facility. G.K. acknowledges support from the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA (project no. 101069515) and the FWF Projects (DOIs: 10.55776/F86 and 10.55776/I5060). N.A. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (grant agreement 948932), and the Royal Society (grant no. URF/R1/191150). This project received support from the US Army Research Office (ARO) under Award No. W911NF-24-2-0043. C.C. acknowledges support from the UKRI Doctoral Training Partnership related to EP/W524311/1 (project ref. 2887634).","article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"first_name":"Jaime","id":"e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714","full_name":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime","last_name":"Saez Mollejo"}],"type":"research_data","file_date_updated":"2025-06-25T07:11:52Z","oa":1,"_id":"19885","oa_version":"Published Version","project":[{"name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","grant_number":"101069515","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452"},{"grant_number":"I05060","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"},{"grant_number":"F8606","_id":"34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e","name":"Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems: Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime. “Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>.","ama":"Saez Mollejo J. Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>","short":"J. Saez Mollejo, (2025).","apa":"Saez Mollejo, J. (2025). Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>","ista":"Saez Mollejo J. 2025. Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>.","mla":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime. <i>Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>.","ieee":"J. Saez Mollejo, “Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025."},"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"GeKa"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}]},{"author":[{"full_name":"Van Straaten, Barnaby","first_name":"Barnaby","last_name":"Van Straaten"},{"full_name":"Fedele, Federico","first_name":"Federico","last_name":"Fedele"},{"last_name":"Vigneau","full_name":"Vigneau, Florian","first_name":"Florian"},{"last_name":"Hickie","full_name":"Hickie, Joseph","first_name":"Joseph"},{"last_name":"Jirovec","first_name":"Daniel","id":"4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-7197-4801","full_name":"Jirovec, Daniel"},{"full_name":"Ballabio, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Ballabio"},{"full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"first_name":"Giovanni","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","last_name":"Isella"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Ares","full_name":"Ares, Natalia","first_name":"Natalia"}],"publication_status":"published","type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"20750","relation":"research_data"}]},"article_number":"054030","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","issue":"5","acknowledgement":"We thank Nicholas Sim for providing help with the rf cavities and David Craig for his feedback on the paper. This work was supported by the Royal Society (URF-R1-191150), the EPSRC National Quantum Technology Hub in Networked Quantum Information Technology (EP/M013243/1), Quantum Technology Capital (EP/N014995/1), EPSRC Platform Grant (EP/R029229/1), the European Research Council (Grant Agreement 948932), the Scientific Service Units of IST Austria through resources provided by the nanofabrication facility, the FWF-P 30207, and FWF-I 05060 projects, and Grant No. FQXi-IAF19-01 from the Foundational Questions Institute Fund, a donor-advised fund of Silicon Valley Community Foundation.","has_accepted_license":"1","intvolume":"        24","doi":"10.1103/v11m-dbhm","publisher":"American Physical Society","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"citation":{"ieee":"B. Van Straaten <i>et al.</i>, “All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for quantum devices using machine learning,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 24, no. 5. American Physical Society, 2025.","ista":"Van Straaten B, Fedele F, Vigneau F, Hickie J, Jirovec D, Ballabio A, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G, Ares N. 2025. All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for quantum devices using machine learning. Physical Review Applied. 24(5), 054030.","mla":"Van Straaten, Barnaby, et al. “All-Rf-Based Coarse-Tuning Algorithm for Quantum Devices Using Machine Learning.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 24, no. 5, 054030, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm\">10.1103/v11m-dbhm</a>.","apa":"Van Straaten, B., Fedele, F., Vigneau, F., Hickie, J., Jirovec, D., Ballabio, A., … Ares, N. (2025). All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for quantum devices using machine learning. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm\">https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm</a>","ama":"Van Straaten B, Fedele F, Vigneau F, et al. All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for quantum devices using machine learning. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2025;24(5). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm\">10.1103/v11m-dbhm</a>","short":"B. Van Straaten, F. Fedele, F. Vigneau, J. Hickie, D. Jirovec, A. Ballabio, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, N. Ares, Physical Review Applied 24 (2025).","chicago":"Van Straaten, Barnaby, Federico Fedele, Florian Vigneau, Joseph Hickie, Daniel Jirovec, Andrea Ballabio, Daniel Chrastina, Giovanni Isella, Georgios Katsaros, and Natalia Ares. “All-Rf-Based Coarse-Tuning Algorithm for Quantum Devices Using Machine Learning.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm\">https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm</a>."},"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"PlanS_conform":"1","project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Hole spin orbit qubits in Ge quantum wells","grant_number":"P30207","_id":"2641CE5E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"grant_number":"I05060","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-12-09T13:34:38Z","volume":24,"_id":"20730","oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"date_published":"2025-11-01T00:00:00Z","month":"11","ddc":["530"],"date_created":"2025-12-07T23:02:01Z","publication":"Physical Review Applied","date_updated":"2025-12-09T14:49:35Z","title":"All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for quantum devices using machine learning","day":"01","year":"2025","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","OA_type":"hybrid","file":[{"date_created":"2025-12-09T13:34:38Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":5754118,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-12-09T13:34:38Z","file_id":"20748","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2025_PhysReviewApplied_vanStraaten.pdf","creator":"dernst","checksum":"9906b32c7e3c79ed13d05ef88ff15586"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2331-7019"]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Radio-frequency measurements could satisfy DiVincenzo’s readout criterion in future large-scale solid-state quantum processors, as they allow for high bandwidths and frequency multiplexing. However, the scalability potential of this readout technique can only be leveraged if quantum device tuning is performed using exclusively radio-frequency measurements, that is, without resorting to current measurements. We demonstrate an algorithm that performs automatic coarse tuning of double quantum dots with only radio-frequency measurements by exploiting their bandwidth and impedance matching. The tuning was completed within a few minutes with minimal prior knowledge about the device. Our results show that it is possible to eliminate the need for transport measurements for quantum-dot tuning, paving the way for more scalable device architectures."}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"}},{"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_type":"original","scopus_import":"1","year":"2025","day":"01","title":"Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors","date_created":"2025-03-16T23:01:23Z","date_updated":"2026-05-20T06:34:51Z","publication":"Nature Communications","ddc":["530"],"ec_funded":1,"month":"03","date_published":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"corr_author":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for the realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their high impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point fluctuations of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge qubits. However, fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular superconductors is challenging, as their inductance and, therefore, impedance at high values are difficult to control. Here, we report a reproducible fabrication of granular aluminium resonators by developing a wireless ohmmeter, which allows in situ measurements during film deposition and, therefore, control of the kinetic inductance of granular aluminium films. Reproducible fabrication of circuits with impedances (inductances) exceeding 13 kΩ (1 nH per square) is now possible. By integrating a 7.9 kΩ resonator with a germanium double quantum dot, we demonstrate strong charge-photon coupling with a rate of gc/2π = 566 ± 2 MHz. This broadly applicable method opens the path for novel qubits and high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"OA_type":"gold","file":[{"success":1,"file_id":"19415","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","checksum":"a9383dd978ca2c50b7dded6c0bb2cd49","file_name":"2025_NatureComm_Janik.pdf","date_created":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":6364878,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z"}],"intvolume":"        16","APC_amount":"7068 EUR","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4","isi":1,"acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger, Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. We thank Simon Robson for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) https://doi.org/10.55776/P32235, https://doi.org/10.55776/I5060 and https://doi.org/10.55776/P36507. For Open Access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.J. acknowledges funding from FellowQUTE 2024-01. K.R. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101034413. I.M.P. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG - German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission - NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s Quantum Technologies Platform (QTEP). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa programme from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.: CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Materials Science PhD programme. AGM has received funding from Grant RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors acknowledge the use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy Centre at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB) funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya. ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM60.","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","pmid":1,"OA_place":"publisher","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"18144","relation":"earlier_version"},{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"18886"}]},"article_number":"2103","type":"journal_article","DOAJ_listed":"1","publication_status":"published","author":[{"orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831","full_name":"Janik, Marian","first_name":"Marian","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Janik"},{"full_name":"Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert","first_name":"Kevin Etienne Robert","id":"53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef","last_name":"Roux"},{"last_name":"Borja Espinosa","id":"18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16","first_name":"Carla N","full_name":"Borja Espinosa, Carla N"},{"last_name":"Sagi","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","first_name":"Oliver"},{"last_name":"Baghdadi","full_name":"Baghdadi, Abdulhamid","first_name":"Abdulhamid","id":"160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425"},{"full_name":"Adletzberger, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","id":"38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Adletzberger"},{"full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano","first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Calcaterra"},{"first_name":"Marc","full_name":"Botifoll, Marc","last_name":"Botifoll"},{"first_name":"Alba","full_name":"Garzón Manjón, Alba","last_name":"Garzón Manjón"},{"last_name":"Arbiol","first_name":"Jordi","full_name":"Arbiol, Jordi"},{"first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","first_name":"Giovanni","last_name":"Isella"},{"full_name":"Pop, Ioan M.","first_name":"Ioan M.","last_name":"Pop"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"19401","oa":1,"volume":16,"file_date_updated":"2025-03-17T10:53:32Z","department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"citation":{"ista":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T, Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Garzón Manjón A, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop IM, Katsaros G. 2025. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. Nature Communications. 16, 2103.","mla":"Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16, 2103, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>.","ieee":"M. Janik <i>et al.</i>, “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16. Springer Nature, 2025.","chicago":"Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>.","apa":"Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger, T., … Katsaros, G. (2025). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>","short":"M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger, S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A. Garzón Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, I.M. Pop, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 16 (2025).","ama":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2025;16. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4\">10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>"},"project":[{"name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","grant_number":"101069515","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452"},{"name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","grant_number":"P32235"},{"grant_number":"I05060","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"},{"name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge","_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a","grant_number":"P36507"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program","grant_number":"101034413","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c"},{"_id":"3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1","name":"FWF Open Access Fund","call_identifier":"FWF"}],"arxiv":1,"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","external_id":{"pmid":["40025007"],"isi":["001434774800001"],"arxiv":["2407.03079"]}},{"type":"research_data","author":[{"last_name":"Janik","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Marian","full_name":"Janik, Marian","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","OA_place":"repository","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public","id":"18144"},{"relation":"used_in_publication","id":"19401","status":"public"}]},"has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger, Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. We thank Simon Robson for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) DOI:10.55776/P32235, DOI:10.55776/I5060 and DOI:10.55776/P36507. For Open Access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.J. acknowledges funding from FellowQUTE 2024-01. I.M.P. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG – German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission – NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC's Quantum Technologies Platform (QTEP). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.: CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Materials Science PhD program. AGM has received funding from Grant RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors acknowledge the use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy Center at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB) funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF), with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya. ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM.","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","project":[{"_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452","grant_number":"101069515","name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology"},{"grant_number":"P32235","_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices"},{"name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge","grant_number":"P36507","_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a"},{"name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060"}],"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"citation":{"ieee":"M. Janik, “Research data for publication ‘Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.’” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ista":"Janik M. 2025. Research data for publication ‘Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors’, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>.","mla":"Janik, Marian. <i>Research Data for Publication “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.”</i> Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>.","ama":"Janik M. Research data for publication “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.” 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>","short":"M. Janik, (2025).","apa":"Janik, M. (2025). Research data for publication “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>","chicago":"Janik, Marian. “Research Data for Publication ‘Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.’” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>."},"_id":"18886","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","file_date_updated":"2025-01-27T11:27:35Z","month":"01","date_published":"2025-01-27T00:00:00Z","date_updated":"2026-05-20T06:34:50Z","date_created":"2025-01-27T09:48:44Z","ddc":["530"],"day":"27","title":"Research data for publication 'Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors'","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","contributor":[{"first_name":"Kevin Etienne Robert","id":"53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef","contributor_type":"researcher","last_name":"Roux"},{"last_name":"Borja Espinosa","contributor_type":"researcher","first_name":"Carla N","id":"18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16"},{"last_name":"Sagi","first_name":"Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","contributor_type":"researcher"},{"last_name":"Baghdadi","id":"160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425","first_name":"Abdulhamid","contributor_type":"researcher"},{"last_name":"Adletzberger","contributor_type":"researcher","id":"38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Thomas"},{"last_name":"Calcaterra","first_name":"Stefano","contributor_type":"researcher"},{"last_name":"Botifoll","contributor_type":"researcher","first_name":"Marc"},{"last_name":"Manjón","contributor_type":"researcher","first_name":"Alba Garzón"},{"last_name":"Arbiol","first_name":"Jordi","contributor_type":"researcher"},{"last_name":"Chrastina","contributor_type":"researcher","first_name":"Daniel"},{"first_name":"Giovanni","contributor_type":"researcher","last_name":"Isella"},{"last_name":"Pop","first_name":"Ioan M.","contributor_type":"researcher"},{"contributor_type":"researcher","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"year":"2025","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Research Data for publication 'Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors'"}],"file":[{"file_size":1017,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-01-27T11:27:30Z","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2025-01-27T11:27:30Z","content_type":"text/plain","success":1,"file_id":"18893","file_name":"readme.txt","checksum":"977dffed4bec3c7d6315aa1cbd19e8a7","creator":"arashid"},{"creator":"arashid","checksum":"7ab5e3e65ddf59bbf3622ace8a0cda1c","file_name":"research_data.zip","file_id":"18894","success":1,"content_type":"application/zip","date_created":"2025-01-27T11:27:35Z","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-01-27T11:27:35Z","file_size":33815056}],"OA_type":"gold","corr_author":"1","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"}},{"OA_type":"gold","file":[{"checksum":"1f21c8ea2196776aae51cc3a5d00e00b","creator":"jsaezmol","file_name":"AllDataPublished.zip","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","success":1,"file_id":"19410","date_updated":"2025-03-17T08:48:09Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":21971911,"date_created":"2025-03-17T08:48:09Z","access_level":"open_access"}],"abstract":[{"text":"This .zip file contains the data to reproduce the figures and supplementary figures of \"Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits\" by Jaime Saez-Mollejo et al.\r\n","lang":"eng"}],"corr_author":"1","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"date_published":"2025-03-17T00:00:00Z","month":"03","ddc":["530"],"date_created":"2025-03-17T08:57:09Z","date_updated":"2026-05-20T06:42:16Z","title":"Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits","day":"17","year":"2025","contributor":[{"id":"4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Daniel","orcid":"0000-0002-7197-4801","last_name":"Jirovec"},{"last_name":"Schell","id":"fe39122d-06bb-11ec-a33b-9e22b40e40a5","first_name":"Yona A"},{"last_name":"Kukucka","first_name":"Josip","id":"3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Calcaterra"},{"first_name":"Daniel ","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"last_name":"Isella","first_name":"Giovanni "},{"first_name":"Maximilian","last_name":"Rimbach-Russ"},{"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Bosco"},{"id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"citation":{"apa":"Saez Mollejo, J. (2025). Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>","short":"J. Saez Mollejo, (2025).","ama":"Saez Mollejo J. Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>","chicago":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime. “Exchange Anisotropies in Microwave-Driven Singlet-Triplet Qubits.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>.","ieee":"J. Saez Mollejo, “Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","mla":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime. <i>Exchange Anisotropies in Microwave-Driven Singlet-Triplet Qubits</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>.","ista":"Saez Mollejo J. 2025. Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>."},"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"GeKa"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"101069515","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452","name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology"},{"_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"},{"grant_number":"F8606","_id":"34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e","name":"Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems: Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors"}],"file_date_updated":"2025-03-17T08:48:09Z","_id":"19409","oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"author":[{"last_name":"Saez Mollejo","full_name":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime","id":"e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714","first_name":"Jaime"}],"type":"research_data","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"19424","relation":"used_in_publication"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","acknowledgement":"We thank A. Crippa for helpful discussions. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project and the FWF Projects \r\nwith DOI:10.55776/F86 and DOI:10.55776/I5060. M.R.-R. acknowledges support from the Netherlands Organization of\r\n scientific Research (NWO) under Veni grant VI.Veni.212.223. The Research of S.B. and M.R.-R. was sponsored in part by the Army Research Office and was accomplished under Award Number: W911NF-23-1-0110.","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409"},{"oa":1,"_id":"19424","oa_version":"Published Version","file_date_updated":"2025-05-05T07:08:23Z","volume":16,"project":[{"name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452","grant_number":"101069515"},{"_id":"34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e","grant_number":"F8606","name":"Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems: Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors"},{"_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"},{"_id":"262116AA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices"},{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"FWF Open Access Fund","_id":"3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1"}],"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime, Daniel Jirovec, Yona A Schell, Josip Kukucka, Stefano Calcaterra, Daniel Chrastina, Giovanni Isella, Maximilian Rimbach-Russ, Stefano Bosco, and Georgios Katsaros. “Exchange Anisotropies in Microwave-Driven Singlet-Triplet Qubits.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y</a>.","apa":"Saez Mollejo, J., Jirovec, D., Schell, Y. A., Kukucka, J., Calcaterra, S., Chrastina, D., … Katsaros, G. (2025). Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y</a>","ama":"Saez Mollejo J, Jirovec D, Schell YA, et al. Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2025;16. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y\">10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y</a>","short":"J. Saez Mollejo, D. Jirovec, Y.A. Schell, J. Kukucka, S. Calcaterra, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, M. Rimbach-Russ, S. Bosco, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 16 (2025).","mla":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime, et al. “Exchange Anisotropies in Microwave-Driven Singlet-Triplet Qubits.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16, 3862, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y\">10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y</a>.","ista":"Saez Mollejo J, Jirovec D, Schell YA, Kukucka J, Calcaterra S, Chrastina D, Isella G, Rimbach-Russ M, Bosco S, Katsaros G. 2025. Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits. Nature Communications. 16, 3862.","ieee":"J. Saez Mollejo <i>et al.</i>, “Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16. Springer Nature, 2025."},"arxiv":1,"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["40274808"],"arxiv":["2408.03224"],"isi":["001475587400022"]},"publisher":"Springer Nature","doi":"10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y","APC_amount":"7068 EUR","intvolume":"        16","isi":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","acknowledgement":"We thank A. Crippa for helpful discussions. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project and the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/F86 and DOI:10.55776/I5060. M.R.-R. acknowledges support from the Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research (NWO) under Veni grant VI.Veni.212.223. The\r\nResearch of S.B. and M.R.-R. was sponsored in part by the Army Research Office and was accomplished under Award Number: W911NF-23-1-0110. The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed or implied, of the Army Research Office or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding any copyright notation herein.","status":"public","pmid":1,"article_processing_charge":"Yes","quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"3862","OA_place":"publisher","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"19409","relation":"research_data"},{"status":"public","id":"19836","relation":"dissertation_contains"}],"link":[{"description":"News on ISTA website","relation":"research_data","url":"https://ista.ac.at/en/news/the-shadow-of-an-electron/"}]},"type":"journal_article","DOAJ_listed":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime","first_name":"Jaime","id":"e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714","last_name":"Saez Mollejo"},{"last_name":"Jirovec","orcid":"0000-0002-7197-4801","full_name":"Jirovec, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel","id":"4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Schell","full_name":"Schell, Yona A","id":"fe39122d-06bb-11ec-a33b-9e22b40e40a5","first_name":"Yona A"},{"last_name":"Kukucka","full_name":"Kukucka, Josip","first_name":"Josip","id":"3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Calcaterra","first_name":"Stefano","full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano"},{"first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"first_name":"Giovanni","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","last_name":"Isella"},{"full_name":"Rimbach-Russ, Maximilian","first_name":"Maximilian","last_name":"Rimbach-Russ"},{"full_name":"Bosco, Stefano","first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Bosco"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"publication_status":"published","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"corr_author":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Hole spin qubits are rapidly emerging as the workhorse of semiconducting quantum processors because of their large spin-orbit interaction, enabling fast all-electric operations at low power. However, spin-orbit interaction also causes non-uniformities in devices, resulting in locally varying qubit energies and site-dependent anisotropies. While these anisotropies can be used to drive single-spins, if not properly harnessed, they can hinder the path toward large-scale quantum processors. Here, we report on microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits in planar germanium and use them to investigate the anisotropy of two spins in a double quantum dot. We show two distinct operating regimes depending on the magnetic field direction. For in-plane fields, the two spins are largely anisotropic, and electrically tunable, which enables to measure all the available transitions; coherence times exceeding 3 $\\mu$s are extracted. For out-of-plane fields, they have an isotropic response but preserve the substantial energy difference required to address the singlet-triplet qubit. Even in this field direction, where the qubit lifetime\r\nis strongly affected by nuclear spins, we find 400 ns coherence times. Our work adds a valuable tool to investigate and harness the anisotropy of spin qubits and can be implemented in any large-scale NxN device, facilitating the path towards scalable quantum processors."}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"file":[{"file_name":"2025_NatureComm_SaezMollejo.pdf","checksum":"13fe84cddc9d4e47213bf17acdac70d7","creator":"dernst","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"19645","success":1,"date_updated":"2025-05-05T07:08:23Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":1548756,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2025-05-05T07:08:23Z"}],"OA_type":"gold","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","year":"2025","day":"24","title":"Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits","date_updated":"2026-06-07T22:31:12Z","publication":"Nature Communications","date_created":"2025-03-19T13:28:12Z","ddc":["530"],"month":"04","date_published":"2025-04-24T00:00:00Z"},{"type":"dissertation","author":[{"last_name":"Saez Mollejo","full_name":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime","id":"e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714","first_name":"Jaime"}],"publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"19424","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Katsaros","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X"}],"OA_place":"publisher","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","acknowledgement":"This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided\r\nby the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. We acknowledge the support from\r\nthe European Commission with the project Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology (with\r\nDOI:10.3030/101069515), the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project and\r\nthe FWF Projects Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems:\r\nConventional and unconventional topological superconductors (with DOI:10.55776/F86) and\r\nHigh impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins (with DOI:10.55776/I5060).\r\n","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","citation":{"chicago":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime. “Singlet-Triplet Qubits in Planar Germanium : From Exchange Anisotropies to Autonomous Tuning .” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836</a>.","apa":"Saez Mollejo, J. (2025). <i>Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange anisotropies to autonomous tuning </i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836</a>","short":"J. Saez Mollejo, Singlet-Triplet Qubits in Planar Germanium : From Exchange Anisotropies to Autonomous Tuning , Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.","ama":"Saez Mollejo J. Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange anisotropies to autonomous tuning . 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836</a>","mla":"Saez Mollejo, Jaime. <i>Singlet-Triplet Qubits in Planar Germanium : From Exchange Anisotropies to Autonomous Tuning </i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836</a>.","ista":"Saez Mollejo J. 2025. Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange anisotropies to autonomous tuning . Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"J. Saez Mollejo, “Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange anisotropies to autonomous tuning ,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025."},"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"GeKa"}],"project":[{"_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452","grant_number":"101069515","name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology"},{"name":"Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems: Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors","_id":"34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e","grant_number":"F8606"},{"name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060"}],"oa":1,"_id":"19836","oa_version":"Published Version","file_date_updated":"2026-04-01T22:30:07Z","month":"06","date_published":"2025-06-13T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2025-06-13T09:01:50Z","date_updated":"2026-05-20T06:42:16Z","ddc":["530","539"],"page":"175","day":"13","title":"Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange anisotropies to autonomous tuning ","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","year":"2025","abstract":[{"text":"Over the past century, researchers have been fascinated by the quantum nature of the\r\nphysical world, initially striving to understand its fundamental principles and consequences, and\r\neventually progressing toward engineering systems that can control and manipulate quantum\r\nproperties. Today, we stand at the dawn of the quantum technology era. While some quantum\r\ntechnologies follow well-defined roadmaps, others are still in the exciting and uncertain early\r\nstages of development. In the fields of quantum computing and quantum simulation, research\r\nis being conducted across a wide variety of platforms. Each of these demonstrates control over\r\nquantum properties but also faces challenges in scaling up to the level of a mature technology.\r\nThis thesis explores some of the fundamental properties of hole spin qubits in planar germanium.\r\nSemiconductor spin qubits are considered strong candidates for the realization of quantum\r\nprocessors, owing to their long relaxation and coherence times, as well as their compatibility\r\nwith existing semiconductor industry infrastructure. Among these, hole spin qubits in planar\r\ngermanium are particularly promising. Their advantages include a large effective mass, which\r\neases fabrication constraints; inherent protection from hyperfine noise; and strong spin-orbit\r\ninteraction, which enables fast and purely electrical control. However, spin-orbit coupling also\r\nintroduces site-dependent variability across qubits, particularly in the g-tensors and spin-flip\r\ntunneling, which might cause that the quantization axes are not aligned. In this thesis, we\r\ninvestigate the tilt between the quantization axes of two hole spins hosted in a double quantum\r\ndot as a function of both the magnetic field direction and various electrostatic configurations,\r\ndemonstrating that both parameters influence this tilt. We conclude by introducing a machine-learning-assisted routine to automatically tune baseband spin qubits. This approach may prove\r\nto be a powerful tool for characterizing spin-orbit effects and gaining deeper insight into the\r\nphysics governing spin qubit behavior.\r\n","lang":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"file":[{"embargo_to":"open_access","file_size":59892829,"date_updated":"2026-04-01T22:30:07Z","relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","date_created":"2025-06-16T09:38:49Z","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","file_id":"19849","checksum":"643bfddead59857536cce4d57c775b32","creator":"jsaezmol","file_name":"istaustriathesis-master - Copy.zip"},{"date_created":"2025-06-18T08:50:16Z","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","file_size":22382376,"date_updated":"2026-04-01T22:30:07Z","creator":"jsaezmol","checksum":"e3dcb767fcc2b1787a455fdda991cefb","file_name":"SaezMollejo_PhDFinal_pdfa-1b.pdf","file_id":"19851","content_type":"application/pdf","embargo":"2026-04-01"}],"corr_author":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"degree_awarded":"PhD"},{"citation":{"mla":"De Palma, Franco, et al. “Strong Hole-Photon Coupling in Planar Ge for Probing Charge Degree and Strongly Correlated States.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 15, 10177, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7\">10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</a>.","ista":"De Palma F, Oppliger F, Jang W, Bosco S, Janik M, Calcaterra S, Katsaros G, Isella G, Loss D, Scarlino P. 2024. Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states. Nature Communications. 15, 10177.","ieee":"F. De Palma <i>et al.</i>, “Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 15. Springer Nature, 2024.","chicago":"De Palma, Franco, Fabian Oppliger, Wonjin Jang, Stefano Bosco, Marian Janik, Stefano Calcaterra, Georgios Katsaros, Giovanni Isella, Daniel Loss, and Pasquale Scarlino. “Strong Hole-Photon Coupling in Planar Ge for Probing Charge Degree and Strongly Correlated States.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</a>.","short":"F. De Palma, F. Oppliger, W. Jang, S. Bosco, M. Janik, S. Calcaterra, G. Katsaros, G. Isella, D. Loss, P. Scarlino, Nature Communications 15 (2024).","apa":"De Palma, F., Oppliger, F., Jang, W., Bosco, S., Janik, M., Calcaterra, S., … Scarlino, P. (2024). Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</a>","ama":"De Palma F, Oppliger F, Jang W, et al. Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2024;15. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7\">10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</a>"},"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices","grant_number":"P32235","_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"},{"grant_number":"I05060","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"}],"oa":1,"_id":"18602","oa_version":"Published Version","file_date_updated":"2024-12-03T11:00:15Z","volume":15,"publisher":"Springer Nature","external_id":{"pmid":["39580488"],"isi":["001362684200001"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","acknowledgement":"The authors thank Simone Frasca, Vincent Jouanny, Guillaume Beaulieu, Camille Roy, Dominic Dahinden, Davide Lombardo, Daniel Chrastina, and Siddhart Gautam for contributing to some cleanroom fabrication steps, the measurement setup, device simulations, data analysis, and for the useful discussions. P.S. acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through the grants Ref. No. 200021 200418 and Ref. No. 206021_205335, and from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number 01042765 SEFRI MB22.00081. W.J. acknowledges support from the EPFL QSE Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant. S.B., D.L., and P.S. acknowledge support from the NCCR Spin Qubit in Silicon (NCCR-SPIN) Grant No. 51NF40-180604. M.J., G.K., G.I., and S.C. acknowledge support from the Horizon Europe Project IGNITE ID 101070193. G.K. acknowledges support from the FWF via the P32235 and I05060 projects.","status":"public","intvolume":"        15","doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7","isi":1,"type":"journal_article","DOAJ_listed":"1","author":[{"last_name":"De Palma","first_name":"Franco","full_name":"De Palma, Franco"},{"last_name":"Oppliger","first_name":"Fabian","full_name":"Oppliger, Fabian"},{"first_name":"Wonjin","full_name":"Jang, Wonjin","last_name":"Jang"},{"last_name":"Bosco","full_name":"Bosco, Stefano","first_name":"Stefano"},{"last_name":"Janik","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Marian","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831","full_name":"Janik, Marian"},{"first_name":"Stefano","full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano","last_name":"Calcaterra"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Isella","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","first_name":"Giovanni"},{"first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Loss, Daniel","last_name":"Loss"},{"last_name":"Scarlino","first_name":"Pasquale","full_name":"Scarlino, Pasquale"}],"publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","pmid":1,"OA_place":"publisher","article_number":"10177","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in planar germanium (Ge) heterostructures have emerged as front-runners for future hole-based quantum processors. Here, we present strong coupling between a hole charge qubit, defined in a double quantum dot (DQD) in planar Ge, and microwave photons in a high-impedance (Zr = 1.3 kΩ) resonator based on an array of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). Our investigation reveals vacuum-Rabi splittings with coupling strengths up to g0/2π = 260 MHz, and a cooperativity of C ~ 100, dependent on DQD tuning. Furthermore, utilizing the frequency tunability of our resonator, we explore the quenched energy splitting associated with strong Coulomb correlation effects in Ge QDs. The observed enhanced coherence of the strongly correlated excited state signals the presence of distinct symmetries within related spin functions, serving as a precursor to the strong coupling between photons and spin-charge hybrid qubits in planar Ge. This work paves the way towards coherent quantum connections between remote hole qubits in planar Ge, required to scale up hole-based quantum processors."}],"OA_type":"gold","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"file_id":"18611","file_name":"2024_NatureComm_dePalma.pdf","checksum":"ef9f99a84089c388904cc8aa8d89c55a","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2024-12-03T11:00:15Z","file_size":5288092,"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-12-03T11:00:15Z"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"01","title":"Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","month":"12","date_published":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2024-12-01T23:01:53Z","date_updated":"2025-09-08T14:46:06Z","publication":"Nature Communications","ddc":["530"]},{"abstract":[{"text":"Charge sensing is a sensitive technique for probing quantum devices, of particular importance for spin-qubit readout. To achieve good readout sensitivities, the proximity of the charge sensor to the device to be measured is a necessity. However, this proximity also means that the operation of the device affects, in turn, the sensor tuning and ultimately the readout sensitivity. We present an approach for compensating for this crosstalk effect allowing for the gate voltages of the measured device to be swept in a 1-V × 1-V window while maintaining a sensor configuration chosen by a Bayesian optimizer. Our algorithm will hopefully be a major contribution to the suite of fully automated solutions required for the operation of large quantum device architectures.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2331-7019"]},"OA_type":"hybrid","file":[{"date_updated":"2024-12-16T11:13:48Z","file_size":3560132,"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-12-16T11:13:48Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"18662","success":1,"file_name":"2024_PhysicalReviewApplied_Hickie.pdf","checksum":"bc29a40819abc4969867b6cd6563f7ad","creator":"dernst"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"month":"12","date_published":"2024-12-01T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2024-12-15T23:01:50Z","publication":"Physical Review Applied","date_updated":"2025-09-09T11:47:52Z","ddc":["530"],"day":"01","title":"Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum dot sensor","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","year":"2024","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"publisher":"American Physical Society","external_id":{"isi":["001379155900003"]},"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"citation":{"ista":"Hickie J, Van Straaten B, Fedele F, Jirovec D, Ballabio A, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G, Ares N. 2024. Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum dot sensor. Physical Review Applied. 22(6), 064026.","mla":"Hickie, Joseph, et al. “Automated Long-Range Compensation of an Rf Quantum Dot Sensor.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 22, no. 6, 064026, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026</a>.","ieee":"J. Hickie <i>et al.</i>, “Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum dot sensor,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 22, no. 6. American Physical Society, 2024.","chicago":"Hickie, Joseph, Barnaby Van Straaten, Federico Fedele, Daniel Jirovec, Andrea Ballabio, Daniel Chrastina, Giovanni Isella, Georgios Katsaros, and Natalia Ares. “Automated Long-Range Compensation of an Rf Quantum Dot Sensor.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026</a>.","apa":"Hickie, J., Van Straaten, B., Fedele, F., Jirovec, D., Ballabio, A., Chrastina, D., … Ares, N. (2024). Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum dot sensor. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026</a>","short":"J. Hickie, B. Van Straaten, F. Fedele, D. Jirovec, A. Ballabio, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, N. Ares, Physical Review Applied 22 (2024).","ama":"Hickie J, Van Straaten B, Fedele F, et al. Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum dot sensor. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2024;22(6). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026\">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026</a>"},"project":[{"name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","grant_number":"I05060","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1"},{"name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","grant_number":"101069515","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452"}],"_id":"18653","oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"volume":22,"file_date_updated":"2024-12-16T11:13:48Z","type":"journal_article","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Hickie","first_name":"Joseph","full_name":"Hickie, Joseph"},{"full_name":"Van Straaten, Barnaby","first_name":"Barnaby","last_name":"Van Straaten"},{"last_name":"Fedele","full_name":"Fedele, Federico","first_name":"Federico"},{"first_name":"Daniel","id":"4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Jirovec, Daniel","orcid":"0000-0002-7197-4801","last_name":"Jirovec"},{"last_name":"Ballabio","full_name":"Ballabio, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea"},{"first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"last_name":"Isella","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","first_name":"Giovanni"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios"},{"full_name":"Ares, Natalia","first_name":"Natalia","last_name":"Ares"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","OA_place":"publisher","article_number":"064026","acknowledgement":"We thank Nicholas Sim for providing help with the experiment and Sebastian Orbell for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Royal Society, the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) National Quantum Technology Hub in Networked Quantum Information Technology (Grant No. EP/M013243/1), Quantum Technology Capital (Grant No. EP/N014995/1), the EPSRC Platform Grant (Grant No. EP/R029229/1), the European Research Council (Grant Agreement No. 948932), the Scientific Service Units of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria through resources provided by the nanofabrication facility and, the FWF-I 05060 and HORIZON-RIA 101069515 projects.","issue":"6","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","intvolume":"        22","doi":"10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026","isi":1},{"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","external_id":{"pmid":["39068242"],"isi":["001281273100062"],"arxiv":["2107.12975"]},"arxiv":1,"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"}],"citation":{"ieee":"B. Severin <i>et al.</i>, “Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based quantum devices using machine learning,” <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 14. Springer Nature, 2024.","ista":"Severin B, Lennon DT, Camenzind LC, Vigneau F, Fedele F, Jirovec D, Ballabio A, Chrastina D, Isella G, de Kruijf M, Carballido MJ, Svab S, Kuhlmann AV, Geyer S, Froning FNM, Moon H, Osborne MA, Sejdinovic D, Katsaros G, Zumbühl DM, Briggs GAD, Ares N. 2024. Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based quantum devices using machine learning. Scientific Reports. 14, 17281.","mla":"Severin, B., et al. “Cross-Architecture Tuning of Silicon and SiGe-Based Quantum Devices Using Machine Learning.” <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 14, 17281, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z\">10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z</a>.","ama":"Severin B, Lennon DT, Camenzind LC, et al. Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based quantum devices using machine learning. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. 2024;14. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z\">10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z</a>","short":"B. Severin, D.T. Lennon, L.C. Camenzind, F. Vigneau, F. Fedele, D. Jirovec, A. Ballabio, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, M. de Kruijf, M.J. Carballido, S. Svab, A.V. Kuhlmann, S. Geyer, F.N.M. Froning, H. Moon, M.A. Osborne, D. Sejdinovic, G. Katsaros, D.M. Zumbühl, G.A.D. Briggs, N. Ares, Scientific Reports 14 (2024).","apa":"Severin, B., Lennon, D. T., Camenzind, L. C., Vigneau, F., Fedele, F., Jirovec, D., … Ares, N. (2024). Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based quantum devices using machine learning. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z</a>","chicago":"Severin, B., D. T. Lennon, L. C. Camenzind, F. Vigneau, F. Fedele, Daniel Jirovec, A. Ballabio, et al. “Cross-Architecture Tuning of Silicon and SiGe-Based Quantum Devices Using Machine Learning.” <i>Scientific Reports</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z</a>."},"project":[{"name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","grant_number":"I05060","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1"},{"_id":"2641CE5E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"P30207","name":"Hole spin orbit qubits in Ge quantum wells","call_identifier":"FWF"}],"_id":"17389","oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2024-08-05T08:52:14Z","volume":14,"type":"journal_article","author":[{"last_name":"Severin","first_name":"B.","full_name":"Severin, B."},{"last_name":"Lennon","full_name":"Lennon, D. T.","first_name":"D. T."},{"last_name":"Camenzind","first_name":"L. C.","full_name":"Camenzind, L. C."},{"last_name":"Vigneau","first_name":"F.","full_name":"Vigneau, F."},{"last_name":"Fedele","first_name":"F.","full_name":"Fedele, F."},{"last_name":"Jirovec","first_name":"Daniel","id":"4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-7197-4801","full_name":"Jirovec, Daniel"},{"full_name":"Ballabio, A.","first_name":"A.","last_name":"Ballabio"},{"full_name":"Chrastina, D.","first_name":"D.","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"last_name":"Isella","full_name":"Isella, G.","first_name":"G."},{"first_name":"M.","full_name":"de Kruijf, M.","last_name":"de Kruijf"},{"full_name":"Carballido, M. J.","first_name":"M. J.","last_name":"Carballido"},{"last_name":"Svab","full_name":"Svab, S.","first_name":"S."},{"full_name":"Kuhlmann, A. V.","first_name":"A. V.","last_name":"Kuhlmann"},{"full_name":"Geyer, S.","first_name":"S.","last_name":"Geyer"},{"first_name":"F. N. M.","full_name":"Froning, F. N. M.","last_name":"Froning"},{"full_name":"Moon, H.","first_name":"H.","last_name":"Moon"},{"full_name":"Osborne, M. A.","first_name":"M. A.","last_name":"Osborne"},{"full_name":"Sejdinovic, D.","first_name":"D.","last_name":"Sejdinovic"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios"},{"full_name":"Zumbühl, D. M.","first_name":"D. M.","last_name":"Zumbühl"},{"first_name":"G. A. D.","full_name":"Briggs, G. A. D.","last_name":"Briggs"},{"last_name":"Ares","full_name":"Ares, N.","first_name":"N."}],"publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"Yes","quality_controlled":"1","pmid":1,"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"10066","status":"public","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"article_number":"17281","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Ang Li, Erik P. A. M. Bakkers (University of Eindhoven) for the fabrication of the Ge/Si nanowire. This work was supported by the Royal Society, the EPSRC National Quantum Technology Hub in Networked Quantum Information Technology (EP/M013243/1), Quantum Technology Capital (EP/N014995/1), EPSRC Platform Grant (EP/R029229/1), the European Research Council (Grant agreement 948932), the Swiss Nanoscience Institute, the NCCR SPIN, the EU H2020 European Microkelvin Platform EMP grant No. 824109, the Scientific Service Units of IST Austria through resources provided by the nanofabrication facility, the FWF-I 05060 and the FWF-P 30207 project.","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","intvolume":"        14","doi":"10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z","isi":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The potential of Si and SiGe-based devices for the scaling of quantum circuits is tainted by device variability. Each device needs to be tuned to operation conditions and each device realisation requires a different tuning protocol. We demonstrate that it is possible to automate the tuning of a 4-gate Si FinFET, a 5-gate GeSi nanowire and a 7-gate Ge/SiGe heterostructure double quantum dot device from scratch with the same algorithm. We achieve tuning times of 30, 10, and 92 min, respectively. The algorithm also provides insight into the parameter space landscape for each of these devices, allowing for the characterization of the regions where double quantum dot regimes are found. These results show that overarching solutions for the tuning of quantum devices are enabled by machine learning."}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2045-2322"]},"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"17390","success":1,"file_name":"2024_ScientificReports_Severin.pdf","checksum":"0b34b89e5f4f3f7b32ffadf104394594","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2024-08-05T08:52:14Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":2255741,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-08-05T08:52:14Z"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"month":"07","date_published":"2024-07-27T00:00:00Z","date_created":"2024-08-05T08:50:51Z","date_updated":"2025-09-08T08:49:16Z","publication":"Scientific Reports","ddc":["530"],"day":"27","title":"Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based quantum devices using machine learning","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2024","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original"},{"title":"A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge","day":"30","scopus_import":"1","year":"2024","article_type":"original","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","date_published":"2024-07-30T00:00:00Z","month":"07","ddc":["530"],"publication":"Nature Communications","date_updated":"2026-04-07T13:01:55Z","date_created":"2024-07-04T11:40:45Z","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"file":[{"date_updated":"2024-08-05T08:38:01Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":1928001,"date_created":"2024-08-05T08:38:01Z","access_level":"open_access","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"17388","success":1,"file_name":"2024_NatureComm_Sagi.pdf","checksum":"ddf5361dcb6c543e2cea818501c09910","creator":"dernst"}],"OA_type":"gold","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Gate-tunable transmons (gatemons) employing semiconductor Josephson junctions have recently emerged as building blocks for hybrid quantum circuits. In this study, we present a gatemon fabricated in planar Germanium. We induce superconductivity in a two-dimensional hole gas by evaporating aluminum atop a thin spacer, which separates the superconductor from the Ge quantum well. The Josephson junction is then integrated into an Xmon circuit and capacitively coupled to a transmission line resonator. We showcase the qubit tunability in a broad frequency range with resonator and two-tone spectroscopy. Time-domain characterizations reveal energy relaxation and coherence times up to 75 ns. Our results, combined with the recent advances in the spin qubit field, pave the way towards novel hybrid and protected qubits in a group IV, CMOS-compatible material."}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"corr_author":"1","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Lucas Casparis, Jeroen Danon, Valla Fatemi, Morten Kjaergard and Javad Shabani for their valuable insights and comments. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop\r\nand the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/I5060 and DOI:10.55776/P36507. We also acknowledge the NextGenerationEU PRIN project\r\n2022A8CJP3 (GAMESQUAD) for partial financial support.","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","isi":1,"doi":"10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6","APC_amount":"6828 EUR","intvolume":"        15","author":[{"first_name":"Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver","last_name":"Sagi"},{"last_name":"Crippa","first_name":"Alessandro","id":"1F2B21A2-F6E7-11E9-9B82-F7DBE5697425","full_name":"Crippa, Alessandro","orcid":"0000-0002-2968-611X"},{"last_name":"Valentini","full_name":"Valentini, Marco","first_name":"Marco","id":"C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425"},{"orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831","full_name":"Janik, Marian","first_name":"Marian","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Janik"},{"full_name":"Baghumyan, Levon","first_name":"Levon","id":"7aa1f788-b527-11ee-aa9e-e6111a79e0c7","last_name":"Baghumyan"},{"full_name":"Fabris, Giorgio","id":"298cf6f3-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-d94cfa0b3352","first_name":"Giorgio","last_name":"Fabris"},{"id":"84b9700b-15b2-11ec-abd3-831089e67615","first_name":"Lucky","full_name":"Kapoor, Lucky","orcid":"0000-0001-8319-2148","last_name":"Kapoor"},{"last_name":"Hassani","id":"2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Farid","orcid":"0000-0001-6937-5773","full_name":"Hassani, Farid"},{"last_name":"Fink","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Johannes M","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","full_name":"Fink, Johannes M"},{"last_name":"Calcaterra","first_name":"Stefano","full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano"},{"last_name":"Chrastina","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel"},{"last_name":"Isella","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","first_name":"Giovanni"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios"}],"publication_status":"published","DOAJ_listed":"1","type":"journal_article","article_number":"6400","related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"erratum","url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-53910-1"}],"record":[{"relation":"research_data","id":"17196","status":"public"},{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"18076"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","pmid":1,"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","project":[{"name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge","grant_number":"P36507","_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a"},{"name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060"},{"_id":"262116AA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices"},{"name":"FWF Open Access Fund","call_identifier":"FWF","_id":"3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1"}],"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"JoFi"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Sagi, Oliver, Alessandro Crippa, Marco Valentini, Marian Janik, Levon Baghumyan, Giorgio Fabris, Lucky Kapoor, et al. “A Gate Tunable Transmon Qubit in Planar Ge.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>.","ama":"Sagi O, Crippa A, Valentini M, et al. A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2024;15. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6\">10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>","apa":"Sagi, O., Crippa, A., Valentini, M., Janik, M., Baghumyan, L., Fabris, G., … Katsaros, G. (2024). A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>","short":"O. Sagi, A. Crippa, M. Valentini, M. Janik, L. Baghumyan, G. Fabris, L. Kapoor, F. Hassani, J.M. Fink, S. Calcaterra, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 15 (2024).","mla":"Sagi, Oliver, et al. “A Gate Tunable Transmon Qubit in Planar Ge.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 15, 6400, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6\">10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>.","ista":"Sagi O, Crippa A, Valentini M, Janik M, Baghumyan L, Fabris G, Kapoor L, Hassani F, Fink JM, Calcaterra S, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G. 2024. A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge. Nature Communications. 15, 6400.","ieee":"O. Sagi <i>et al.</i>, “A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 15. Springer Nature, 2024."},"volume":15,"file_date_updated":"2024-08-05T08:38:01Z","oa":1,"_id":"17202","oa_version":"Published Version","external_id":{"pmid":["39080279"],"isi":["001281271000022"],"arxiv":["2403.16774"]},"publisher":"Springer Nature","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"},{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"arxiv":1},{"degree_awarded":"PhD","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png"},"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"corr_author":"1","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-09-18T14:13:01Z","file_size":86679095,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-09-18T14:13:01Z","file_name":"OliverSagi_Thesis_pdfa.pdf","creator":"osagi","checksum":"d01d0e2846c2f3ac5bb14d321554a4cd","success":1,"file_id":"18093","content_type":"application/pdf"},{"date_created":"2024-09-18T14:14:02Z","access_level":"local","file_size":172098524,"date_updated":"2024-09-19T09:20:33Z","relation":"source_file","file_name":"Thesis_OliverSagi.zip","creator":"osagi","checksum":"0543f473d509ee545f4ed3a56f742f4b","file_id":"18094","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed"}],"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The new era of Ge has opened up new possibilities in quantum computing. The maturity of Ge\r\nspin qubits is unquestioned, while hybrid semiconductor-superconductor Ge circuits are on track\r\nto enter the game. Gate-tunable transmons (gatemons) employing semiconductor Josephson\r\njunctions have recently emerged as building blocks for such hybrid quantum circuits. In this\r\nthesis, we present a gatemon fabricated in planar Germanium. We induce superconductivity\r\nin a two-dimensional hole gas by evaporating aluminum atop a thin spacer, which separates\r\nthe superconductor from the Ge quantum well. The Josephson junction is then integrated\r\ninto an Xmon circuit and capacitively coupled to a transmission line resonator. We showcase\r\nthe qubit tunability in a broad frequency range with resonator and two-tone spectroscopy.\r\nTime-domain characterizations reveal energy relaxation and coherence times up to 75 ns. Our\r\nresults, combined with the recent advances in the spin qubit field, pave the way towards novel\r\nhybrid and protected qubits in a group IV, CMOS-compatible material."}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"year":"2024","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","title":"Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium","day":"18","ddc":["539"],"page":"111","date_created":"2024-09-16T12:58:36Z","date_updated":"2026-04-16T12:20:39Z","date_published":"2024-09-18T00:00:00Z","ec_funded":1,"month":"09","file_date_updated":"2024-09-19T09:20:33Z","oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"18076","oa":1,"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"GeKa"}],"citation":{"short":"O. Sagi, Hybrid Circuits on Planar Germanium, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.","apa":"Sagi, O. (2024). <i>Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076</a>","ama":"Sagi O. Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium. 2024. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076\">10.15479/at:ista:18076</a>","chicago":"Sagi, Oliver. “Hybrid Circuits on Planar Germanium.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076</a>.","ieee":"O. Sagi, “Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.","mla":"Sagi, Oliver. <i>Hybrid Circuits on Planar Germanium</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076\">10.15479/at:ista:18076</a>.","ista":"Sagi O. 2024. Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium. Institute of Science and Technology Austria."},"project":[{"_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a","grant_number":"P36507","name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge"},{"_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"},{"_id":"262116AA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices"},{"name":"TOPOLOGICALLY PROTECTED AND SCALABLE QUANTUM BITS","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"862046","_id":"237E5020-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"doi":"10.15479/at:ista:18076","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"17202"}]},"supervisor":[{"first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"OA_place":"publisher","article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","first_name":"Oliver","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver","last_name":"Sagi"}],"publication_status":"published","type":"dissertation"},{"type":"research_data","author":[{"first_name":"Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver","last_name":"Sagi"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"17202","status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication"}]},"has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","acknowledgement":"This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. ","doi":"10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"M-Shop"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","project":[{"grant_number":"I05060","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"},{"_id":"262116AA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices"},{"grant_number":"P36507","_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a","name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge"}],"citation":{"chicago":"Sagi, Oliver. “A Gate-Tunable Transmon in Planar Ge.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>.","apa":"Sagi, O. (2024). A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>","short":"O. Sagi, (2024).","ama":"Sagi O. A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge. 2024. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>","ista":"Sagi O. 2024. A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>.","mla":"Sagi, Oliver. <i>A Gate-Tunable Transmon in Planar Ge</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196\">10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>.","ieee":"O. Sagi, “A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024."},"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"_id":"17196","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","file_date_updated":"2024-07-04T10:11:40Z","month":"07","date_published":"2024-07-04T00:00:00Z","date_updated":"2026-04-16T12:20:39Z","date_created":"2024-07-04T10:14:34Z","ddc":["530"],"day":"04","title":"A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge","user_id":"68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d","contributor":[{"last_name":"Crippa","id":"1F2B21A2-F6E7-11E9-9B82-F7DBE5697425","first_name":"Alessandro","contributor_type":"project_member","orcid":"0000-0002-2968-611X"},{"last_name":"Valentini","first_name":"Marco","id":"C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425","contributor_type":"project_member"},{"contributor_type":"project_member","first_name":"Marian","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Janik"},{"last_name":"Baghumyan","contributor_type":"project_member","first_name":"Levon","id":"7aa1f788-b527-11ee-aa9e-e6111a79e0c7"},{"last_name":"Fabris","id":"298cf6f3-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-d94cfa0b3352","first_name":"Giorgio","contributor_type":"project_member"},{"id":"84b9700b-15b2-11ec-abd3-831089e67615","first_name":"Lucky","contributor_type":"project_member","last_name":"Kapoor"},{"contributor_type":"project_member","orcid":"0000-0001-6937-5773","first_name":"Farid","id":"2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Hassani"},{"last_name":"Fink","orcid":"0000-0001-8112-028X","contributor_type":"project_member","id":"4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Johannes M"},{"last_name":"Calcaterra","contributor_type":"project_member","first_name":"Stefano"},{"last_name":"Chrastina","contributor_type":"project_member","first_name":"Daniel"},{"contributor_type":"project_member","first_name":"Giovanni","last_name":"Isella"},{"last_name":"Katsaros","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","contributor_type":"supervisor","first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"year":"2024","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"This .zip File contains the data for the figures presented in the main text and supplementary material of \"A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge\" by O.Sagi et al. The measurements were done using Qcodes. The description of the files and the instructions on opening the data can be found in the Readme. An additional Jupyter Notebook is attached that walks through the data analysis."}],"file":[{"file_name":"GeGatemon_DataAnalysis.ipynb","checksum":"a9f640a0b72a92171353f3ea14406f0b","creator":"osagi","content_type":"application/octet-stream","file_id":"17197","success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-07-04T10:01:51Z","file_size":1960182,"date_created":"2024-07-04T10:01:51Z","access_level":"open_access"},{"file_name":"OlSa_Readme.pptx","checksum":"f0feec931233e8e845ade56165c1588f","creator":"osagi","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.presentationml.presentation","success":1,"file_id":"17198","file_size":34194,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-07-04T10:01:50Z","date_created":"2024-07-04T10:01:50Z","access_level":"open_access"},{"content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","file_id":"17199","success":1,"checksum":"92bb11e3a508d736d01ff0738a1172c7","creator":"osagi","file_name":"Al_Transmon.zip","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-07-04T10:11:16Z","file_size":72939292,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-07-04T10:11:16Z"},{"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-07-04T10:11:40Z","file_size":465618029,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2024-07-04T10:11:40Z","file_name":"Gatemon_RT_5nm_1.zip","creator":"osagi","checksum":"871e96fe0ecc97581196e883045cd516","success":1,"file_id":"17200","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed"},{"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-07-04T10:11:35Z","relation":"main_file","file_size":281503513,"date_updated":"2024-07-04T10:11:35Z","creator":"osagi","checksum":"a3e141af90f0104b7269c8a72370848a","file_name":"Gatemon_RT_5nm_2.zip","success":1,"file_id":"17201","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed"}],"corr_author":"1","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"}},{"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"18129","oa":1,"file_date_updated":"2025-05-23T22:30:09Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"GeKa"}],"citation":{"ieee":"M. Janik, “Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.","ista":"Janik M. 2024. Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Janik, Marian. <i>Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129\">10.15479/at:ista:18129</a>.","ama":"Janik M. Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. 2024. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129\">10.15479/at:ista:18129</a>","apa":"Janik, M. (2024). <i>Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129</a>","short":"M. Janik, Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.","chicago":"Janik, Marian. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129\">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129</a>."},"project":[{"name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060"},{"name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge","grant_number":"P36507","_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a"},{"name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices","call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"P32235","_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E"},{"name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","grant_number":"101069515","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452"},{"name":"Protected states of quantum matter","_id":"eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","OA_place":"publisher","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Katsaros","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","first_name":"Georgios","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"18144","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"type":"dissertation","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Janik","first_name":"Marian","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Janik, Marian","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831"}],"doi":"10.15479/at:ista:18129","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","corr_author":"1","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"State-of-the-art quantum computers, with roughly a thousand qubits, face a crucial technological challenge of scaling up. Spins confined in quantum dots (QDs) are a promising candidate\r\nfor qubits due to their long coherence, tunability, control, and readout. However, their natural\r\ncoupling is the short-ranged (∼ 100 nm) exchange interaction, limited to nearest neighbours.\r\nLong-ranged (∼ 1 mm) qubit interactions mediated by a photon could be engineered through a\r\ncoherent spin-photon coupling. Achieving a strong coupling to a photon is inherently challenging in QDs due to the small dipole moment of the confined charge. However, the potential of\r\nhigh-impedance resonators to compensate for this has gained significant attention in the past\r\ndecade. Nevertheless, previous QD circuit quantum electrodynamics implementations have not\r\nexceeded the impedance of ∼ 3.8 kΩ, leaving opportunities for significant improvement. The\r\nlarge kinetic inductance of granular aluminium (grAl) could provide an order-of-magnitude\r\nenhancement. However, fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular superconductors\r\nis challenging as their impedances close to the superconductor-to-insulator transition are\r\ndifficult to control reproducibly. We report on the realization of a wireless ohmmeter which\r\nallows in situ resistance measurements during film deposition and, therefore, indirect control\r\nof the kinetic inductance of grAl films. This allows us to reproducibly fabricate resonators\r\nwith characteristic impedance exceeding the resistance quantum, even reaching 22.3 kW, due\r\nto the large sheet kinetic inductance of up to 3 nH □−1\r\n. By integrating an 8 kW resonator\r\nwith a germanium double QD, we demonstrate a strong charge-photon coupling with the\r\nhighest rate reported, 566 MHz. The demonstrated method and grAl properties make these\r\nresonators suitable for boosting the spin-photon coupling strength, a crucial requirement for\r\nfast, high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates.\r\n"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"file":[{"embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2024-09-23T17:15:09Z","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","file_size":156207943,"date_updated":"2025-05-23T22:30:09Z","creator":"mjanik","checksum":"dc15958f6400b5bdaa28bf58fc7a4056","file_name":"janik_thesis.zip","file_id":"18130","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed"},{"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2024-09-23T17:15:30Z","file_size":96195684,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2025-05-23T22:30:09Z","creator":"mjanik","checksum":"74737aee285dc1f491643327350efe9c","file_name":"janik_thesis_pdfa.pdf","file_id":"18131","content_type":"application/pdf","embargo":"2025-05-23"}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"degree_awarded":"PhD","date_created":"2024-09-23T17:25:43Z","date_updated":"2026-06-03T07:16:03Z","ddc":["539"],"page":"164","month":"09","date_published":"2024-09-24T00:00:00Z","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","year":"2024","day":"24","title":"Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors"},{"doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079","status":"public","acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger, Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project, the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/P32235, DOI:10.55776/I5060 and DOI:10.55776/P36507. IMP acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG – German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission – NextGenerationEU (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s\r\nQuantum Technologies Platform (QTEP). ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.: CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya. Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma de Barcelona Materials Science PhD program. AGM has received funding from Grant RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors\r\nacknowledge the use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy Center at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB) funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development\r\nFund (ERDF), with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya. ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM [60].","article_processing_charge":"No","OA_place":"repository","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"18886"},{"relation":"later_version","id":"19401","status":"public"},{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"18129","status":"public"}]},"article_number":"2407.03079","type":"preprint","publication_status":"draft","author":[{"last_name":"Janik","first_name":"Marian","id":"396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Janik, Marian","orcid":"0009-0003-9037-8831"},{"id":"53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef","first_name":"Kevin Etienne Robert","full_name":"Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert","last_name":"Roux"},{"last_name":"Borja Espinosa","first_name":"Carla N","id":"18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16","full_name":"Borja Espinosa, Carla N"},{"last_name":"Sagi","first_name":"Oliver","id":"71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425","full_name":"Sagi, Oliver"},{"last_name":"Baghdadi","id":"160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425","first_name":"Abdulhamid","full_name":"Baghdadi, Abdulhamid"},{"id":"38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Adletzberger, Thomas","last_name":"Adletzberger"},{"last_name":"Calcaterra","first_name":"Stefano","full_name":"Calcaterra, Stefano"},{"last_name":"Botifoll","first_name":"Marc","full_name":"Botifoll, Marc"},{"last_name":"Manjón","first_name":"Alba Garzón","full_name":"Manjón, Alba Garzón"},{"full_name":"Arbiol, Jordi","first_name":"Jordi","last_name":"Arbiol"},{"first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel","last_name":"Chrastina"},{"last_name":"Isella","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni","first_name":"Giovanni"},{"first_name":"Ioan M.","full_name":"Pop, Ioan M.","last_name":"Pop"},{"full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","_id":"18144","oa":1,"department":[{"_id":"GeKa"},{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JoFi"}],"citation":{"mla":"Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular  Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2407.03079, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079\">10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>.","ista":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T, Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Manjón AG, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop IM, Katsaros G. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors. arXiv, 2407.03079.","ieee":"M. Janik <i>et al.</i>, “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","chicago":"Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular  Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>.","ama":"Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079\">10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>","apa":"Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger, T., … Katsaros, G. (n.d.). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>","short":"M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger, S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A.G. Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, I.M. Pop, G. Katsaros, ArXiv (n.d.)."},"project":[{"name":"Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology","_id":"34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452","grant_number":"101069515"},{"grant_number":"P32235","_id":"237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices"},{"_id":"bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a","grant_number":"P36507","name":"Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge"},{"_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","grant_number":"I05060","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"}],"arxiv":1,"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2407.03079"]},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2024","day":"03","title":"Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors","date_created":"2024-09-26T09:50:43Z","date_updated":"2026-06-07T22:31:13Z","publication":"arXiv","month":"07","date_published":"2024-07-03T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"corr_author":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for\r\nthe realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their\r\nhigh impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point\r\nfluctuations of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge\r\nqubits. However, fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular\r\nsuperconductors is challenging, as their inductance and, therefore, impedance\r\nat high values are difficult to control. Here we have integrated a granular\r\naluminium resonator, having a characteristic impedance exceeding the resistance\r\nquantum, with a germanium double quantum dot and demonstrate strong\r\ncharge-photon coupling with a rate of $g_\\text{c}/2\\pi= (566 \\pm 2)$ MHz. This\r\nwas achieved due to the realisation of a wireless ohmmeter, which allows\r\n\\emph{in situ} measurements during film deposition and, therefore, control of\r\nthe kinetic inductance of granular aluminium films. Reproducible fabrication of\r\ncircuits with impedances (inductances) exceeding 13 k$\\Omega$ (1 nH per square)\r\nis now possible. This broadly applicable method opens the path for novel qubits\r\nand high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates.","lang":"eng"}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079","open_access":"1"}]},{"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","year":"2022","scopus_import":"1","article_type":"original","day":"24","title":"Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large g-factor differences","date_updated":"2025-04-14T07:44:07Z","publication":"Physical Review Letters","date_created":"2022-03-24T15:51:11Z","ddc":["530"],"month":"03","ec_funded":1,"date_published":"2022-03-24T00:00:00Z","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"corr_author":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1079-7114"]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The spin-orbit interaction permits to control the state of a spin qubit via electric fields. For holes it is particularly strong, allowing for fast all electrical qubit manipulation, and yet an in-depth understanding of this interaction in hole systems is missing. Here we investigate, experimentally and theoretically, the effect of the cubic Rashba spin-orbit interaction on the mixing of the spin states by studying singlet-triplet oscillations in a planar Ge hole double quantum dot. Landau-Zener sweeps at different magnetic field directions allow us to disentangle the effects of the spin-orbit induced spin-flip term from those caused by strongly site-dependent and anisotropic quantum dot g tensors. Our work, therefore, provides new insights into the hole spin-orbit interaction, necessary for optimizing future qubit experiments."}],"file":[{"file_id":"10928","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2022_PhysRevLetters_Jirovec.pdf","creator":"dernst","checksum":"6e66ad548d18db9c131f304acbd5a1f4","date_created":"2022-03-28T06:53:39Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1266515,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2022-03-28T06:53:39Z"}],"doi":"10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803","intvolume":"       128","isi":1,"status":"public","issue":"12","acknowledgement":"This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the nanofabrication facility. This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie\r\nSkłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 844511, No. 75441, and by the FWF-P 30207, I05060, and M3032-N projects. A. B. acknowledges support from the EU Horizon-2020 FET project microSPIRE, ID: 766955. P.M. M. and G. B. acknowledge funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG—German Research Foundation) under Project No. 450396347. This work was supported by the Royal Society (URF\\R1\\191150) and the European Research Council (Grant Agreement No. 948932), N. A. acknowledges the use of the University of Oxford Advanced Research Computing (ARC) facility.","has_accepted_license":"1","pmid":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"126803","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"18291","relation":"popular_science"}]},"type":"journal_article","publication_status":"published","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-7197-4801","full_name":"Jirovec, Daniel","id":"4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Daniel","last_name":"Jirovec"},{"last_name":"Mutter","first_name":"Philipp M.","full_name":"Mutter, Philipp M."},{"first_name":"Andrea C","id":"340F461A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hofmann, Andrea C","last_name":"Hofmann"},{"first_name":"Alessandro","id":"1F2B21A2-F6E7-11E9-9B82-F7DBE5697425","full_name":"Crippa, Alessandro","orcid":"0000-0002-2968-611X","last_name":"Crippa"},{"last_name":"Rychetsky","full_name":"Rychetsky, Marek","first_name":"Marek"},{"last_name":"Craig","full_name":"Craig, David L.","first_name":"David L."},{"id":"3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Josip","full_name":"Kukucka, Josip","last_name":"Kukucka"},{"last_name":"Martins","orcid":"0000-0003-2668-2401","full_name":"Martins, Frederico","id":"38F80F9A-1CB8-11EA-BC76-B49B3DDC885E","first_name":"Frederico"},{"last_name":"Ballabio","full_name":"Ballabio, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea"},{"last_name":"Ares","first_name":"Natalia","full_name":"Ares, Natalia"},{"last_name":"Chrastina","first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Chrastina, Daniel"},{"last_name":"Isella","first_name":"Giovanni","full_name":"Isella, Giovanni"},{"full_name":"Burkard, Guido ","first_name":"Guido ","last_name":"Burkard"},{"id":"38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Georgios","orcid":"0000-0001-8342-202X","full_name":"Katsaros, Georgios","last_name":"Katsaros"}],"oa":1,"_id":"10920","oa_version":"Published Version","volume":128,"file_date_updated":"2022-03-28T06:53:39Z","project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Majorana bound states in Ge/SiGe heterostructures","_id":"26A151DA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"844511"},{"grant_number":"754411","_id":"260C2330-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"ISTplus - Postdoctoral Fellowships","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"grant_number":"P30207","_id":"2641CE5E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Hole spin orbit qubits in Ge quantum wells"},{"grant_number":"I05060","_id":"c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1","name":"High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins"},{"grant_number":"M03032","_id":"c08c05c4-5a5b-11eb-8a69-dc6ce49d7973","name":"Long-range spin exchange for 2D qubits architectures"}],"citation":{"mla":"Jirovec, Daniel, et al. “Dynamics of Hole Singlet-Triplet Qubits with Large g-Factor Differences.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 128, no. 12, 126803, American Physical Society, 2022, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803\">10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803</a>.","ista":"Jirovec D, Mutter PM, Hofmann AC, Crippa A, Rychetsky M, Craig DL, Kukucka J, Martins F, Ballabio A, Ares N, Chrastina D, Isella G, Burkard G, Katsaros G. 2022. Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large g-factor differences. Physical Review Letters. 128(12), 126803.","ieee":"D. Jirovec <i>et al.</i>, “Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large g-factor differences,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 128, no. 12. American Physical Society, 2022.","chicago":"Jirovec, Daniel, Philipp M. Mutter, Andrea C Hofmann, Alessandro Crippa, Marek Rychetsky, David L. Craig, Josip Kukucka, et al. “Dynamics of Hole Singlet-Triplet Qubits with Large g-Factor Differences.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803</a>.","short":"D. Jirovec, P.M. Mutter, A.C. Hofmann, A. Crippa, M. Rychetsky, D.L. Craig, J. Kukucka, F. Martins, A. Ballabio, N. Ares, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Burkard, G. Katsaros, Physical Review Letters 128 (2022).","ama":"Jirovec D, Mutter PM, Hofmann AC, et al. Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large g-factor differences. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2022;128(12). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803\">10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803</a>","apa":"Jirovec, D., Mutter, P. M., Hofmann, A. C., Crippa, A., Rychetsky, M., Craig, D. L., … Katsaros, G. (2022). Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large g-factor differences. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803\">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803</a>"},"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"GeKa"}],"arxiv":1,"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"NanoFab"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["35394319"],"arxiv":["2111.05130"],"isi":["000786542500004"]},"publisher":"American Physical Society"}]