---
_id: '19885'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: This .zip file contains the data to reproduce the figures and supplementary
    figures of "Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control" by Cornelius
    Carlsson and Jaime Saez-Mollejo et al.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: 'The authors would like to thank Barnaby van Straaten, Jonas Schuff,
  Daniel Jirovec and Hanifa Tidjani for fruitful discussions. This research was supported
  by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine
  Shop and the Nanofabrication Facility. G.K. acknowledges support from the NOMIS
  Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA (project no. 101069515) and the FWF Projects (DOIs:
  10.55776/F86 and 10.55776/I5060). N.A. acknowledges support from the European Research
  Council (grant agreement 948932), and the Royal Society (grant no. URF/R1/191150).
  This project received support from the US Army Research Office (ARO) under Award
  No. W911NF-24-2-0043. C.C. acknowledges support from the UKRI Doctoral Training
  Partnership related to EP/W524311/1 (project ref. 2887634).'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Jaime
  full_name: Saez Mollejo, Jaime
  id: e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714
  last_name: Saez Mollejo
citation:
  ama: Saez Mollejo J. Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control.
    2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>
  apa: Saez Mollejo, J. (2025). Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and
    Control. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>
  chicago: Saez Mollejo, Jaime. “Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and
    Control.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>.
  ieee: J. Saez Mollejo, “Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control.”
    Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.
  ista: Saez Mollejo J. 2025. Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control,
    Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>.
  mla: Saez Mollejo, Jaime. <i>Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and
    Control</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885</a>.
  short: J. Saez Mollejo, (2025).
contributor:
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Cornelius
  last_name: Carlsson
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: 'Federico '
  last_name: Fedele
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Stefano
  last_name: Calcaterra
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: ' Daniel '
  last_name: Chrastina
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: 'Giovanni '
  last_name: Isella
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Natalia
  last_name: Ares
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-06-24T06:56:03Z
date_published: 2025-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-01T07:19:26Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:19885
file:
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  date_created: 2025-06-24T15:14:13Z
  date_updated: 2025-06-24T15:14:13Z
  file_id: '19893'
  file_name: DatasetsPaper.zip
  file_size: 3404814792
  relation: main_file
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  checksum: 21840ceac04d677a799b8e5bd919804f
  content_type: text/plain
  creator: jsaezmol
  date_created: 2025-06-25T07:11:52Z
  date_updated: 2025-06-25T07:11:52Z
  file_id: '19899'
  file_name: README.txt
  file_size: 622
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-06-25T07:11:52Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: 34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e
  grant_number: F8606
  name: 'Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems:
    Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors'
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
status: public
title: Automated All-RF Tuning for Spin Qubit Readout and Control
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '20730'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Radio-frequency measurements could satisfy DiVincenzo’s readout criterion
    in future large-scale solid-state quantum processors, as they allow for high bandwidths
    and frequency multiplexing. However, the scalability potential of this readout
    technique can only be leveraged if quantum device tuning is performed using exclusively
    radio-frequency measurements, that is, without resorting to current measurements.
    We demonstrate an algorithm that performs automatic coarse tuning of double quantum
    dots with only radio-frequency measurements by exploiting their bandwidth and
    impedance matching. The tuning was completed within a few minutes with minimal
    prior knowledge about the device. Our results show that it is possible to eliminate
    the need for transport measurements for quantum-dot tuning, paving the way for
    more scalable device architectures.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: We thank Nicholas Sim for providing help with the rf cavities and
  David Craig for his feedback on the paper. This work was supported by the Royal
  Society (URF-R1-191150), the EPSRC National Quantum Technology Hub in Networked
  Quantum Information Technology (EP/M013243/1), Quantum Technology Capital (EP/N014995/1),
  EPSRC Platform Grant (EP/R029229/1), the European Research Council (Grant Agreement
  948932), the Scientific Service Units of IST Austria through resources provided
  by the nanofabrication facility, the FWF-P 30207, and FWF-I 05060 projects, and
  Grant No. FQXi-IAF19-01 from the Foundational Questions Institute Fund, a donor-advised
  fund of Silicon Valley Community Foundation.
article_number: '054030'
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Barnaby
  full_name: Van Straaten, Barnaby
  last_name: Van Straaten
- first_name: Federico
  full_name: Fedele, Federico
  last_name: Fedele
- first_name: Florian
  full_name: Vigneau, Florian
  last_name: Vigneau
- first_name: Joseph
  full_name: Hickie, Joseph
  last_name: Hickie
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Jirovec, Daniel
  id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jirovec
  orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Ballabio, Andrea
  last_name: Ballabio
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- first_name: Natalia
  full_name: Ares, Natalia
  last_name: Ares
citation:
  ama: Van Straaten B, Fedele F, Vigneau F, et al. All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm
    for quantum devices using machine learning. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2025;24(5).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm">10.1103/v11m-dbhm</a>
  apa: Van Straaten, B., Fedele, F., Vigneau, F., Hickie, J., Jirovec, D., Ballabio,
    A., … Ares, N. (2025). All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for quantum devices
    using machine learning. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm">https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm</a>
  chicago: Van Straaten, Barnaby, Federico Fedele, Florian Vigneau, Joseph Hickie,
    Daniel Jirovec, Andrea Ballabio, Daniel Chrastina, Giovanni Isella, Georgios Katsaros,
    and Natalia Ares. “All-Rf-Based Coarse-Tuning Algorithm for Quantum Devices Using
    Machine Learning.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society,
    2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm">https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm</a>.
  ieee: B. Van Straaten <i>et al.</i>, “All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for quantum
    devices using machine learning,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 24, no.
    5. American Physical Society, 2025.
  ista: Van Straaten B, Fedele F, Vigneau F, Hickie J, Jirovec D, Ballabio A, Chrastina
    D, Isella G, Katsaros G, Ares N. 2025. All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for
    quantum devices using machine learning. Physical Review Applied. 24(5), 054030.
  mla: Van Straaten, Barnaby, et al. “All-Rf-Based Coarse-Tuning Algorithm for Quantum
    Devices Using Machine Learning.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 24, no.
    5, 054030, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/v11m-dbhm">10.1103/v11m-dbhm</a>.
  short: B. Van Straaten, F. Fedele, F. Vigneau, J. Hickie, D. Jirovec, A. Ballabio,
    D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, N. Ares, Physical Review Applied 24 (2025).
date_created: 2025-12-07T23:02:01Z
date_published: 2025-11-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-12-09T14:49:35Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1103/v11m-dbhm
file:
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  checksum: 9906b32c7e3c79ed13d05ef88ff15586
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2025-12-09T13:34:38Z
  date_updated: 2025-12-09T13:34:38Z
  file_id: '20748'
  file_name: 2025_PhysReviewApplied_vanStraaten.pdf
  file_size: 5754118
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-12-09T13:34:38Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        24'
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 2641CE5E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P30207
  name: Hole spin orbit qubits in Ge quantum wells
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
publication: Physical Review Applied
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2331-7019
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
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    status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: All-rf-based coarse-tuning algorithm for quantum devices using machine learning
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 24
year: '2025'
...
---
APC_amount: 7068 EUR
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '19401'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for
    the realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their
    high impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point fluctuations
    of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge qubits. However,
    fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular superconductors is challenging,
    as their inductance and, therefore, impedance at high values are difficult to
    control. Here, we report a reproducible fabrication of granular aluminium resonators
    by developing a wireless ohmmeter, which allows in situ measurements during film
    deposition and, therefore, control of the kinetic inductance of granular aluminium
    films. Reproducible fabrication of circuits with impedances (inductances) exceeding
    13 kΩ (1 nH per square) is now possible. By integrating a 7.9 kΩ resonator with
    a germanium double quantum dot, we demonstrate strong charge-photon coupling with
    a rate of gc/2π = 566 ± 2 MHz. This broadly applicable method opens the path for
    novel qubits and high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: 'We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger,
  Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. We thank
  Simon Robson for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported by the
  Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine
  Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made
  possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the HORIZON-RIA 101069515
  project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund
  (FWF) https://doi.org/10.55776/P32235, https://doi.org/10.55776/I5060 and https://doi.org/10.55776/P36507.
  For Open Access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license
  to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.J. acknowledges
  funding from FellowQUTE 2024-01. K.R. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s
  Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant
  Agreement No. 101034413. I.M.P. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  (DFG - German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED).
  ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge
  support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies
  (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission - NextGenerationEU
  (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s Quantum Technologies Platform (QTEP).
  ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa programme from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.:
  CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.
  Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma
  de Barcelona Materials Science PhD programme. AGM has received funding from Grant
  RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union
  NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya
  and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors acknowledge the
  use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy
  Centre at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB)
  funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF),
  with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya.
  ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM60.'
article_number: '2103'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Marian
  full_name: Janik, Marian
  id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Janik
  orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Kevin Etienne Robert
  full_name: Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert
  id: 53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef
  last_name: Roux
- first_name: Carla N
  full_name: Borja Espinosa, Carla N
  id: 18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16
  last_name: Borja Espinosa
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Sagi, Oliver
  id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
  last_name: Sagi
- first_name: Abdulhamid
  full_name: Baghdadi, Abdulhamid
  id: 160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425
  last_name: Baghdadi
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Adletzberger, Thomas
  id: 38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Adletzberger
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
  last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Marc
  full_name: Botifoll, Marc
  last_name: Botifoll
- first_name: Alba
  full_name: Garzón Manjón, Alba
  last_name: Garzón Manjón
- first_name: Jordi
  full_name: Arbiol, Jordi
  last_name: Arbiol
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Ioan M.
  full_name: Pop, Ioan M.
  last_name: Pop
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
  ama: Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling
    in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors. <i>Nature Communications</i>.
    2025;16. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4">10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>
  apa: Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger,
    T., … Katsaros, G. (2025). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled
    by granular aluminium superinductors. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>
  chicago: Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver
    Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong
    Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.”
    <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>.
  ieee: M. Janik <i>et al.</i>, “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium
    enabled by granular aluminium superinductors,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol.
    16. Springer Nature, 2025.
  ista: Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T,
    Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Garzón Manjón A, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop
    IM, Katsaros G. 2025. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled
    by granular aluminium superinductors. Nature Communications. 16, 2103.
  mla: Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled
    by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16,
    2103, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4">10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4</a>.
  short: M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger,
    S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A. Garzón Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella,
    I.M. Pop, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 16 (2025).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-03-16T23:01:23Z
date_published: 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-20T06:34:51Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: JoFi
- _id: M-Shop
doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-57252-4
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
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  - '2407.03079'
  isi:
  - '001434774800001'
  pmid:
  - '40025007'
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  date_created: 2025-03-17T10:53:32Z
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  file_size: 6364878
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file_date_updated: 2025-03-17T10:53:32Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        16'
isi: 1
language:
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month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P32235
  name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
  grant_number: P36507
  name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '101034413'
  name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program'
- _id: 3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1
  call_identifier: FWF
  name: FWF Open Access Fund
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
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publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
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scopus_import: '1'
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title: Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium
  superinductors
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: gold
_id: '18886'
abstract:
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  text: Research Data for publication 'Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium
    enabled by granular aluminium superinductors'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: 'We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger,
  Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. We thank
  Simon Robson for proofreading the manuscript. This research was supported by the
  Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine
  Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made
  possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and the HORIZON-RIA 101069515
  project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund
  (FWF) DOI:10.55776/P32235, DOI:10.55776/I5060 and DOI:10.55776/P36507. For Open
  Access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any
  author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. M.J. acknowledges
  funding from FellowQUTE 2024-01. I.M.P. acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  (DFG – German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED).
  ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge
  support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies
  (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission – NextGenerationEU
  (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC''s Quantum Technologies Platform (QTEP).
  ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.:
  CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.
  Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma
  de Barcelona Materials Science PhD program. AGM has received funding from Grant
  RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union
  NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya
  and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors acknowledge the
  use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy
  Center at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB)
  funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF),
  with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya.
  ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM.'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Marian
  full_name: Janik, Marian
  id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Janik
  orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
citation:
  ama: Janik M. Research data for publication “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar
    germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.” 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886">10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>
  apa: Janik, M. (2025). Research data for publication “Strong charge-photon coupling
    in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.” Institute of
    Science and Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>
  chicago: Janik, Marian. “Research Data for Publication ‘Strong Charge-Photon Coupling
    in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.’” Institute
    of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>.
  ieee: M. Janik, “Research data for publication ‘Strong charge-photon coupling in
    planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors.’” Institute of
    Science and Technology Austria, 2025.
  ista: Janik M. 2025. Research data for publication ‘Strong charge-photon coupling
    in planar germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors’, Institute of
    Science and Technology Austria, <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886">10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>.
  mla: Janik, Marian. <i>Research Data for Publication “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling
    in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular Aluminium Superinductors.”</i> Institute
    of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886">10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886</a>.
  short: M. Janik, (2025).
contributor:
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Kevin Etienne Robert
  id: 53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef
  last_name: Roux
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Carla N
  id: 18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16
  last_name: Borja Espinosa
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Oliver
  id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
  last_name: Sagi
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Abdulhamid
  id: 160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425
  last_name: Baghdadi
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Thomas
  id: 38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Adletzberger
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Stefano
  last_name: Calcaterra
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Marc
  last_name: Botifoll
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Alba Garzón
  last_name: Manjón
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Jordi
  last_name: Arbiol
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Ioan M.
  last_name: Pop
- contributor_type: researcher
  first_name: Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-01-27T09:48:44Z
date_published: 2025-01-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-20T06:34:50Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:18886
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project:
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  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P32235
  name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
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  name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
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publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
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status: public
title: Research data for publication 'Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium
  enabled by granular aluminium superinductors'
tmp:
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  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data
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abstract:
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  text: "This .zip file contains the data to reproduce the figures and supplementary
    figures of \"Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits\"
    by Jaime Saez-Mollejo et al.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: "We thank A. Crippa for helpful discussions. This research was supported
  by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine
  Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made
  possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project
  and the FWF Projects \r\nwith DOI:10.55776/F86 and DOI:10.55776/I5060. M.R.-R. acknowledges
  support from the Netherlands Organization of\r\n scientific Research (NWO) under
  Veni grant VI.Veni.212.223. The Research of S.B. and M.R.-R. was sponsored in part
  by the Army Research Office and was accomplished under Award Number: W911NF-23-1-0110."
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Jaime
  full_name: Saez Mollejo, Jaime
  id: e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714
  last_name: Saez Mollejo
citation:
  ama: Saez Mollejo J. Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits.
    2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>
  apa: Saez Mollejo, J. (2025). Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet
    qubits. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>
  chicago: Saez Mollejo, Jaime. “Exchange Anisotropies in Microwave-Driven Singlet-Triplet
    Qubits.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>.
  ieee: J. Saez Mollejo, “Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet
    qubits.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025.
  ista: Saez Mollejo J. 2025. Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet
    qubits, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>.
  mla: Saez Mollejo, Jaime. <i>Exchange Anisotropies in Microwave-Driven Singlet-Triplet
    Qubits</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409">10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409</a>.
  short: J. Saez Mollejo, (2025).
contributor:
- first_name: Daniel
  id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jirovec
  orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
- first_name: Yona A
  id: fe39122d-06bb-11ec-a33b-9e22b40e40a5
  last_name: Schell
- first_name: Josip
  id: 3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kukucka
- first_name: Stefano
  last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: 'Daniel '
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: 'Giovanni '
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Maximilian
  last_name: Rimbach-Russ
- first_name: Stefano
  last_name: Bosco
- first_name: Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-03-17T08:57:09Z
date_published: 2025-03-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-20T06:42:16Z
day: '17'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:19409
file:
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  checksum: 1f21c8ea2196776aae51cc3a5d00e00b
  content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
  creator: jsaezmol
  date_created: 2025-03-17T08:48:09Z
  date_updated: 2025-03-17T08:48:09Z
  file_id: '19410'
  file_name: AllDataPublished.zip
  file_size: 21971911
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2025-03-17T08:48:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: 34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e
  grant_number: F8606
  name: 'Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems:
    Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors'
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '19424'
    relation: used_in_publication
    status: public
status: public
title: Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2025'
...
---
APC_amount: 7068 EUR
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '19424'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Hole spin qubits are rapidly emerging as the workhorse of semiconducting
    quantum processors because of their large spin-orbit interaction, enabling fast
    all-electric operations at low power. However, spin-orbit interaction also causes
    non-uniformities in devices, resulting in locally varying qubit energies and site-dependent
    anisotropies. While these anisotropies can be used to drive single-spins, if not
    properly harnessed, they can hinder the path toward large-scale quantum processors.
    Here, we report on microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits in planar germanium
    and use them to investigate the anisotropy of two spins in a double quantum dot.
    We show two distinct operating regimes depending on the magnetic field direction.
    For in-plane fields, the two spins are largely anisotropic, and electrically tunable,
    which enables to measure all the available transitions; coherence times exceeding
    3 $\\mu$s are extracted. For out-of-plane fields, they have an isotropic response
    but preserve the substantial energy difference required to address the singlet-triplet
    qubit. Even in this field direction, where the qubit lifetime\r\nis strongly affected
    by nuclear spins, we find 400 ns coherence times. Our work adds a valuable tool
    to investigate and harness the anisotropy of spin qubits and can be implemented
    in any large-scale NxN device, facilitating the path towards scalable quantum
    processors."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: "We thank A. Crippa for helpful discussions. This research was supported
  by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided by the MIBA Machine
  Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related results were made
  possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project
  and the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/F86 and DOI:10.55776/I5060. M.R.-R. acknowledges
  support from the Netherlands Organization of Scientific Research (NWO) under Veni
  grant VI.Veni.212.223. The\r\nResearch of S.B. and M.R.-R. was sponsored in part
  by the Army Research Office and was accomplished under Award Number: W911NF-23-1-0110.
  The views and conclusions contained in this document are those of the authors and
  should not be interpreted as representing the official policies, either expressed
  or implied, of the Army Research Office or the U.S. Government. The U.S. Government
  is authorized to reproduce and distribute reprints for Government purposes notwithstanding
  any copyright notation herein."
article_number: '3862'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jaime
  full_name: Saez Mollejo, Jaime
  id: e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714
  last_name: Saez Mollejo
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Jirovec, Daniel
  id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jirovec
  orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
- first_name: Yona A
  full_name: Schell, Yona A
  id: fe39122d-06bb-11ec-a33b-9e22b40e40a5
  last_name: Schell
- first_name: Josip
  full_name: Kukucka, Josip
  id: 3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kukucka
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
  last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Maximilian
  full_name: Rimbach-Russ, Maximilian
  last_name: Rimbach-Russ
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Bosco, Stefano
  last_name: Bosco
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
  ama: Saez Mollejo J, Jirovec D, Schell YA, et al. Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven
    singlet-triplet qubits. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2025;16. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y">10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y</a>
  apa: Saez Mollejo, J., Jirovec, D., Schell, Y. A., Kukucka, J., Calcaterra, S.,
    Chrastina, D., … Katsaros, G. (2025). Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven
    singlet-triplet qubits. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y</a>
  chicago: Saez Mollejo, Jaime, Daniel Jirovec, Yona A Schell, Josip Kukucka, Stefano
    Calcaterra, Daniel Chrastina, Giovanni Isella, Maximilian Rimbach-Russ, Stefano
    Bosco, and Georgios Katsaros. “Exchange Anisotropies in Microwave-Driven Singlet-Triplet
    Qubits.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y</a>.
  ieee: J. Saez Mollejo <i>et al.</i>, “Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven
    singlet-triplet qubits,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16. Springer Nature,
    2025.
  ista: Saez Mollejo J, Jirovec D, Schell YA, Kukucka J, Calcaterra S, Chrastina D,
    Isella G, Rimbach-Russ M, Bosco S, Katsaros G. 2025. Exchange anisotropies in
    microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits. Nature Communications. 16, 3862.
  mla: Saez Mollejo, Jaime, et al. “Exchange Anisotropies in Microwave-Driven Singlet-Triplet
    Qubits.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 16, 3862, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y">10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y</a>.
  short: J. Saez Mollejo, D. Jirovec, Y.A. Schell, J. Kukucka, S. Calcaterra, D. Chrastina,
    G. Isella, M. Rimbach-Russ, S. Bosco, G. Katsaros, Nature Communications 16 (2025).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-03-19T13:28:12Z
date_published: 2025-04-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-07T22:31:12Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-58969-y
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2408.03224'
  isi:
  - '001475587400022'
  pmid:
  - '40274808'
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has_accepted_license: '1'
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month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
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  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: 34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e
  grant_number: F8606
  name: 'Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems:
    Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors'
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: 262116AA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  name: Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices
- _id: 3AC91DDA-15DF-11EA-824D-93A3E7B544D1
  call_identifier: FWF
  name: FWF Open Access Fund
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
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  - description: News on ISTA website
    relation: research_data
    url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/the-shadow-of-an-electron/
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scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Exchange anisotropies in microwave-driven singlet-triplet qubits
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '19836'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "Over the past century, researchers have been fascinated by the quantum nature
    of the\r\nphysical world, initially striving to understand its fundamental principles
    and consequences, and\r\neventually progressing toward engineering systems that
    can control and manipulate quantum\r\nproperties. Today, we stand at the dawn
    of the quantum technology era. While some quantum\r\ntechnologies follow well-defined
    roadmaps, others are still in the exciting and uncertain early\r\nstages of development.
    In the fields of quantum computing and quantum simulation, research\r\nis being
    conducted across a wide variety of platforms. Each of these demonstrates control
    over\r\nquantum properties but also faces challenges in scaling up to the level
    of a mature technology.\r\nThis thesis explores some of the fundamental properties
    of hole spin qubits in planar germanium.\r\nSemiconductor spin qubits are considered
    strong candidates for the realization of quantum\r\nprocessors, owing to their
    long relaxation and coherence times, as well as their compatibility\r\nwith existing
    semiconductor industry infrastructure. Among these, hole spin qubits in planar\r\ngermanium
    are particularly promising. Their advantages include a large effective mass, which\r\neases
    fabrication constraints; inherent protection from hyperfine noise; and strong
    spin-orbit\r\ninteraction, which enables fast and purely electrical control. However,
    spin-orbit coupling also\r\nintroduces site-dependent variability across qubits,
    particularly in the g-tensors and spin-flip\r\ntunneling, which might cause that
    the quantization axes are not aligned. In this thesis, we\r\ninvestigate the tilt
    between the quantization axes of two hole spins hosted in a double quantum\r\ndot
    as a function of both the magnetic field direction and various electrostatic configurations,\r\ndemonstrating
    that both parameters influence this tilt. We conclude by introducing a machine-learning-assisted
    routine to automatically tune baseband spin qubits. This approach may prove\r\nto
    be a powerful tool for characterizing spin-orbit effects and gaining deeper insight
    into the\r\nphysics governing spin qubit behavior.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: "This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA
  through resources provided\r\nby the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility.
  We acknowledge the support from\r\nthe European Commission with the project Integrated
  Germanium Quantum Technology (with\r\nDOI:10.3030/101069515), the NOMIS Foundation,
  the HORIZON-RIA 101069515 project and\r\nthe FWF Projects Center for Correlated
  Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems:\r\nConventional and unconventional
  topological superconductors (with DOI:10.55776/F86) and\r\nHigh impedance circuit
  quantum electrodynamics with hole spins (with DOI:10.55776/I5060).\r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Jaime
  full_name: Saez Mollejo, Jaime
  id: e0390f72-f6e0-11ea-865d-862393336714
  last_name: Saez Mollejo
citation:
  ama: 'Saez Mollejo J. Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange
    anisotropies to autonomous tuning . 2025. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836</a>'
  apa: 'Saez Mollejo, J. (2025). <i>Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From
    exchange anisotropies to autonomous tuning </i>. Institute of Science and Technology
    Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836</a>'
  chicago: 'Saez Mollejo, Jaime. “Singlet-Triplet Qubits in Planar Germanium : From
    Exchange Anisotropies to Autonomous Tuning .” Institute of Science and Technology
    Austria, 2025. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836</a>.'
  ieee: 'J. Saez Mollejo, “Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange
    anisotropies to autonomous tuning ,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
    2025.'
  ista: 'Saez Mollejo J. 2025. Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange
    anisotropies to autonomous tuning . Institute of Science and Technology Austria.'
  mla: 'Saez Mollejo, Jaime. <i>Singlet-Triplet Qubits in Planar Germanium : From
    Exchange Anisotropies to Autonomous Tuning </i>. Institute of Science and Technology
    Austria, 2025, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836">10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836</a>.'
  short: 'J. Saez Mollejo, Singlet-Triplet Qubits in Planar Germanium : From Exchange
    Anisotropies to Autonomous Tuning , Institute of Science and Technology Austria,
    2025.'
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-06-13T09:01:50Z
date_published: 2025-06-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-20T06:42:16Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '530'
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-19836
file:
- access_level: closed
  checksum: 643bfddead59857536cce4d57c775b32
  content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
  creator: jsaezmol
  date_created: 2025-06-16T09:38:49Z
  date_updated: 2026-04-01T22:30:07Z
  embargo_to: open_access
  file_id: '19849'
  file_name: istaustriathesis-master - Copy.zip
  file_size: 59892829
  relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
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  creator: jsaezmol
  date_created: 2025-06-18T08:50:16Z
  date_updated: 2026-04-01T22:30:07Z
  embargo: 2026-04-01
  file_id: '19851'
  file_name: SaezMollejo_PhDFinal_pdfa-1b.pdf
  file_size: 22382376
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2026-04-01T22:30:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '175'
project:
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: 34a66131-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a31681c6b03e
  grant_number: F8606
  name: 'Center for Correlated Quantum Materials and Solid State Quantum Systems:
    Conventional  and unconventional topological superconductors'
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '19424'
    relation: part_of_dissertation
    status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: 'Singlet-triplet qubits in planar Germanium : From exchange anisotropies to
  autonomous tuning '
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2025'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '18602'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in planar germanium (Ge) heterostructures
    have emerged as front-runners for future hole-based quantum processors. Here,
    we present strong coupling between a hole charge qubit, defined in a double quantum
    dot (DQD) in planar Ge, and microwave photons in a high-impedance (Zr = 1.3 kΩ)
    resonator based on an array of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs).
    Our investigation reveals vacuum-Rabi splittings with coupling strengths up to
    g0/2π = 260 MHz, and a cooperativity of C ~ 100, dependent on DQD tuning. Furthermore,
    utilizing the frequency tunability of our resonator, we explore the quenched energy
    splitting associated with strong Coulomb correlation effects in Ge QDs. The observed
    enhanced coherence of the strongly correlated excited state signals the presence
    of distinct symmetries within related spin functions, serving as a precursor to
    the strong coupling between photons and spin-charge hybrid qubits in planar Ge.
    This work paves the way towards coherent quantum connections between remote hole
    qubits in planar Ge, required to scale up hole-based quantum processors.
acknowledgement: The authors thank Simone Frasca, Vincent Jouanny, Guillaume Beaulieu,
  Camille Roy, Dominic Dahinden, Davide Lombardo, Daniel Chrastina, and Siddhart Gautam
  for contributing to some cleanroom fabrication steps, the measurement setup, device
  simulations, data analysis, and for the useful discussions. P.S. acknowledges support
  from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through the grants Ref. No. 200021
  200418 and Ref. No. 206021_205335, and from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education,
  Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number 01042765 SEFRI MB22.00081.
  W.J. acknowledges support from the EPFL QSE Postdoctoral Fellowship Grant. S.B.,
  D.L., and P.S. acknowledge support from the NCCR Spin Qubit in Silicon (NCCR-SPIN)
  Grant No. 51NF40-180604. M.J., G.K., G.I., and S.C. acknowledge support from the
  Horizon Europe Project IGNITE ID 101070193. G.K. acknowledges support from the FWF
  via the P32235 and I05060 projects.
article_number: '10177'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Franco
  full_name: De Palma, Franco
  last_name: De Palma
- first_name: Fabian
  full_name: Oppliger, Fabian
  last_name: Oppliger
- first_name: Wonjin
  full_name: Jang, Wonjin
  last_name: Jang
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Bosco, Stefano
  last_name: Bosco
- first_name: Marian
  full_name: Janik, Marian
  id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Janik
  orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
  last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Loss, Daniel
  last_name: Loss
- first_name: Pasquale
  full_name: Scarlino, Pasquale
  last_name: Scarlino
citation:
  ama: De Palma F, Oppliger F, Jang W, et al. Strong hole-photon coupling in planar
    Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states. <i>Nature Communications</i>.
    2024;15. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7">10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</a>
  apa: De Palma, F., Oppliger, F., Jang, W., Bosco, S., Janik, M., Calcaterra, S.,
    … Scarlino, P. (2024). Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge
    degree and strongly correlated states. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer
    Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</a>
  chicago: De Palma, Franco, Fabian Oppliger, Wonjin Jang, Stefano Bosco, Marian Janik,
    Stefano Calcaterra, Georgios Katsaros, Giovanni Isella, Daniel Loss, and Pasquale
    Scarlino. “Strong Hole-Photon Coupling in Planar Ge for Probing Charge Degree
    and Strongly Correlated States.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature,
    2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</a>.
  ieee: F. De Palma <i>et al.</i>, “Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing
    charge degree and strongly correlated states,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol.
    15. Springer Nature, 2024.
  ista: De Palma F, Oppliger F, Jang W, Bosco S, Janik M, Calcaterra S, Katsaros G,
    Isella G, Loss D, Scarlino P. 2024. Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for
    probing charge degree and strongly correlated states. Nature Communications. 15,
    10177.
  mla: De Palma, Franco, et al. “Strong Hole-Photon Coupling in Planar Ge for Probing
    Charge Degree and Strongly Correlated States.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol.
    15, 10177, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7">10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7</a>.
  short: F. De Palma, F. Oppliger, W. Jang, S. Bosco, M. Janik, S. Calcaterra, G.
    Katsaros, G. Isella, D. Loss, P. Scarlino, Nature Communications 15 (2024).
date_created: 2024-12-01T23:01:53Z
date_published: 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T14:46:06Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001362684200001'
  pmid:
  - '39580488'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: ef9f99a84089c388904cc8aa8d89c55a
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2024-12-03T11:00:15Z
  date_updated: 2024-12-03T11:00:15Z
  file_id: '18611'
  file_name: 2024_NatureComm_dePalma.pdf
  file_size: 5288092
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-12-03T11:00:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        15'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P32235
  name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly
  correlated states
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 15
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '18653'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Charge sensing is a sensitive technique for probing quantum devices, of particular
    importance for spin-qubit readout. To achieve good readout sensitivities, the
    proximity of the charge sensor to the device to be measured is a necessity. However,
    this proximity also means that the operation of the device affects, in turn, the
    sensor tuning and ultimately the readout sensitivity. We present an approach for
    compensating for this crosstalk effect allowing for the gate voltages of the measured
    device to be swept in a 1-V × 1-V window while maintaining a sensor configuration
    chosen by a Bayesian optimizer. Our algorithm will hopefully be a major contribution
    to the suite of fully automated solutions required for the operation of large
    quantum device architectures.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: We thank Nicholas Sim for providing help with the experiment and
  Sebastian Orbell for helpful discussions. This work was supported by the Royal Society,
  the Engineering and Physical Sciences Research Council (EPSRC) National Quantum
  Technology Hub in Networked Quantum Information Technology (Grant No. EP/M013243/1),
  Quantum Technology Capital (Grant No. EP/N014995/1), the EPSRC Platform Grant (Grant
  No. EP/R029229/1), the European Research Council (Grant Agreement No. 948932), the
  Scientific Service Units of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria through
  resources provided by the nanofabrication facility and, the FWF-I 05060 and HORIZON-RIA
  101069515 projects.
article_number: '064026'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Joseph
  full_name: Hickie, Joseph
  last_name: Hickie
- first_name: Barnaby
  full_name: Van Straaten, Barnaby
  last_name: Van Straaten
- first_name: Federico
  full_name: Fedele, Federico
  last_name: Fedele
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Jirovec, Daniel
  id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jirovec
  orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Ballabio, Andrea
  last_name: Ballabio
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- first_name: Natalia
  full_name: Ares, Natalia
  last_name: Ares
citation:
  ama: Hickie J, Van Straaten B, Fedele F, et al. Automated long-range compensation
    of an rf quantum dot sensor. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. 2024;22(6). doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026</a>
  apa: Hickie, J., Van Straaten, B., Fedele, F., Jirovec, D., Ballabio, A., Chrastina,
    D., … Ares, N. (2024). Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum dot
    sensor. <i>Physical Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026</a>
  chicago: Hickie, Joseph, Barnaby Van Straaten, Federico Fedele, Daniel Jirovec,
    Andrea Ballabio, Daniel Chrastina, Giovanni Isella, Georgios Katsaros, and Natalia
    Ares. “Automated Long-Range Compensation of an Rf Quantum Dot Sensor.” <i>Physical
    Review Applied</i>. American Physical Society, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026</a>.
  ieee: J. Hickie <i>et al.</i>, “Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum
    dot sensor,” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 22, no. 6. American Physical
    Society, 2024.
  ista: Hickie J, Van Straaten B, Fedele F, Jirovec D, Ballabio A, Chrastina D, Isella
    G, Katsaros G, Ares N. 2024. Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum
    dot sensor. Physical Review Applied. 22(6), 064026.
  mla: Hickie, Joseph, et al. “Automated Long-Range Compensation of an Rf Quantum
    Dot Sensor.” <i>Physical Review Applied</i>, vol. 22, no. 6, 064026, American
    Physical Society, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026">10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026</a>.
  short: J. Hickie, B. Van Straaten, F. Fedele, D. Jirovec, A. Ballabio, D. Chrastina,
    G. Isella, G. Katsaros, N. Ares, Physical Review Applied 22 (2024).
date_created: 2024-12-15T23:01:50Z
date_published: 2024-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-09T11:47:52Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevApplied.22.064026
external_id:
  isi:
  - '001379155900003'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: bc29a40819abc4969867b6cd6563f7ad
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: dernst
  date_created: 2024-12-16T11:13:48Z
  date_updated: 2024-12-16T11:13:48Z
  file_id: '18662'
  file_name: 2024_PhysicalReviewApplied_Hickie.pdf
  file_size: 3560132
  relation: main_file
  success: 1
file_date_updated: 2024-12-16T11:13:48Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '        22'
isi: 1
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
publication: Physical Review Applied
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 2331-7019
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Automated long-range compensation of an rf quantum dot sensor
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 22
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '17389'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The potential of Si and SiGe-based devices for the scaling of quantum circuits
    is tainted by device variability. Each device needs to be tuned to operation conditions
    and each device realisation requires a different tuning protocol. We demonstrate
    that it is possible to automate the tuning of a 4-gate Si FinFET, a 5-gate GeSi
    nanowire and a 7-gate Ge/SiGe heterostructure double quantum dot device from scratch
    with the same algorithm. We achieve tuning times of 30, 10, and 92 min, respectively.
    The algorithm also provides insight into the parameter space landscape for each
    of these devices, allowing for the characterization of the regions where double
    quantum dot regimes are found. These results show that overarching solutions for
    the tuning of quantum devices are enabled by machine learning.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: We acknowledge Ang Li, Erik P. A. M. Bakkers (University of Eindhoven)
  for the fabrication of the Ge/Si nanowire. This work was supported by the Royal
  Society, the EPSRC National Quantum Technology Hub in Networked Quantum Information
  Technology (EP/M013243/1), Quantum Technology Capital (EP/N014995/1), EPSRC Platform
  Grant (EP/R029229/1), the European Research Council (Grant agreement 948932), the
  Swiss Nanoscience Institute, the NCCR SPIN, the EU H2020 European Microkelvin Platform
  EMP grant No. 824109, the Scientific Service Units of IST Austria through resources
  provided by the nanofabrication facility, the FWF-I 05060 and the FWF-P 30207 project.
article_number: '17281'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: B.
  full_name: Severin, B.
  last_name: Severin
- first_name: D. T.
  full_name: Lennon, D. T.
  last_name: Lennon
- first_name: L. C.
  full_name: Camenzind, L. C.
  last_name: Camenzind
- first_name: F.
  full_name: Vigneau, F.
  last_name: Vigneau
- first_name: F.
  full_name: Fedele, F.
  last_name: Fedele
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Jirovec, Daniel
  id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jirovec
  orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
- first_name: A.
  full_name: Ballabio, A.
  last_name: Ballabio
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Chrastina, D.
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: G.
  full_name: Isella, G.
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: M.
  full_name: de Kruijf, M.
  last_name: de Kruijf
- first_name: M. J.
  full_name: Carballido, M. J.
  last_name: Carballido
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Svab, S.
  last_name: Svab
- first_name: A. V.
  full_name: Kuhlmann, A. V.
  last_name: Kuhlmann
- first_name: S.
  full_name: Geyer, S.
  last_name: Geyer
- first_name: F. N. M.
  full_name: Froning, F. N. M.
  last_name: Froning
- first_name: H.
  full_name: Moon, H.
  last_name: Moon
- first_name: M. A.
  full_name: Osborne, M. A.
  last_name: Osborne
- first_name: D.
  full_name: Sejdinovic, D.
  last_name: Sejdinovic
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
- first_name: D. M.
  full_name: Zumbühl, D. M.
  last_name: Zumbühl
- first_name: G. A. D.
  full_name: Briggs, G. A. D.
  last_name: Briggs
- first_name: N.
  full_name: Ares, N.
  last_name: Ares
citation:
  ama: Severin B, Lennon DT, Camenzind LC, et al. Cross-architecture tuning of silicon
    and SiGe-based quantum devices using machine learning. <i>Scientific Reports</i>.
    2024;14. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z">10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z</a>
  apa: Severin, B., Lennon, D. T., Camenzind, L. C., Vigneau, F., Fedele, F., Jirovec,
    D., … Ares, N. (2024). Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based quantum
    devices using machine learning. <i>Scientific Reports</i>. Springer Nature. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z</a>
  chicago: Severin, B., D. T. Lennon, L. C. Camenzind, F. Vigneau, F. Fedele, Daniel
    Jirovec, A. Ballabio, et al. “Cross-Architecture Tuning of Silicon and SiGe-Based
    Quantum Devices Using Machine Learning.” <i>Scientific Reports</i>. Springer Nature,
    2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z</a>.
  ieee: B. Severin <i>et al.</i>, “Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based
    quantum devices using machine learning,” <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 14. Springer
    Nature, 2024.
  ista: Severin B, Lennon DT, Camenzind LC, Vigneau F, Fedele F, Jirovec D, Ballabio
    A, Chrastina D, Isella G, de Kruijf M, Carballido MJ, Svab S, Kuhlmann AV, Geyer
    S, Froning FNM, Moon H, Osborne MA, Sejdinovic D, Katsaros G, Zumbühl DM, Briggs
    GAD, Ares N. 2024. Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based quantum
    devices using machine learning. Scientific Reports. 14, 17281.
  mla: Severin, B., et al. “Cross-Architecture Tuning of Silicon and SiGe-Based Quantum
    Devices Using Machine Learning.” <i>Scientific Reports</i>, vol. 14, 17281, Springer
    Nature, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z">10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z</a>.
  short: B. Severin, D.T. Lennon, L.C. Camenzind, F. Vigneau, F. Fedele, D. Jirovec,
    A. Ballabio, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, M. de Kruijf, M.J. Carballido, S. Svab,
    A.V. Kuhlmann, S. Geyer, F.N.M. Froning, H. Moon, M.A. Osborne, D. Sejdinovic,
    G. Katsaros, D.M. Zumbühl, G.A.D. Briggs, N. Ares, Scientific Reports 14 (2024).
date_created: 2024-08-05T08:50:51Z
date_published: 2024-07-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-08T08:49:16Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.1038/s41598-024-67787-z
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title: Cross-architecture tuning of silicon and SiGe-based quantum devices using machine
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abstract:
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  text: Gate-tunable transmons (gatemons) employing semiconductor Josephson junctions
    have recently emerged as building blocks for hybrid quantum circuits. In this
    study, we present a gatemon fabricated in planar Germanium. We induce superconductivity
    in a two-dimensional hole gas by evaporating aluminum atop a thin spacer, which
    separates the superconductor from the Ge quantum well. The Josephson junction
    is then integrated into an Xmon circuit and capacitively coupled to a transmission
    line resonator. We showcase the qubit tunability in a broad frequency range with
    resonator and two-tone spectroscopy. Time-domain characterizations reveal energy
    relaxation and coherence times up to 75 ns. Our results, combined with the recent
    advances in the spin qubit field, pave the way towards novel hybrid and protected
    qubits in a group IV, CMOS-compatible material.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: "We acknowledge Lucas Casparis, Jeroen Danon, Valla Fatemi, Morten
  Kjaergard and Javad Shabani for their valuable insights and comments. This research
  was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided
  by the MIBA Machine Shop\r\nand the Nanofabrication facility. This research and
  related results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation and
  the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/I5060 and DOI:10.55776/P36507. We also acknowledge
  the NextGenerationEU PRIN project\r\n2022A8CJP3 (GAMESQUAD) for partial financial
  support."
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article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
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author:
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Sagi, Oliver
  id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
  last_name: Sagi
- first_name: Alessandro
  full_name: Crippa, Alessandro
  id: 1F2B21A2-F6E7-11E9-9B82-F7DBE5697425
  last_name: Crippa
  orcid: 0000-0002-2968-611X
- first_name: Marco
  full_name: Valentini, Marco
  id: C0BB2FAC-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425
  last_name: Valentini
- first_name: Marian
  full_name: Janik, Marian
  id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Janik
  orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Levon
  full_name: Baghumyan, Levon
  id: 7aa1f788-b527-11ee-aa9e-e6111a79e0c7
  last_name: Baghumyan
- first_name: Giorgio
  full_name: Fabris, Giorgio
  id: 298cf6f3-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-d94cfa0b3352
  last_name: Fabris
- first_name: Lucky
  full_name: Kapoor, Lucky
  id: 84b9700b-15b2-11ec-abd3-831089e67615
  last_name: Kapoor
  orcid: 0000-0001-8319-2148
- first_name: Farid
  full_name: Hassani, Farid
  id: 2AED110C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hassani
  orcid: 0000-0001-6937-5773
- first_name: Johannes M
  full_name: Fink, Johannes M
  id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Fink
  orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
  last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
  ama: Sagi O, Crippa A, Valentini M, et al. A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar
    Ge. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2024;15. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6">10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>
  apa: Sagi, O., Crippa, A., Valentini, M., Janik, M., Baghumyan, L., Fabris, G.,
    … Katsaros, G. (2024). A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge. <i>Nature Communications</i>.
    Springer Nature. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>
  chicago: Sagi, Oliver, Alessandro Crippa, Marco Valentini, Marian Janik, Levon Baghumyan,
    Giorgio Fabris, Lucky Kapoor, et al. “A Gate Tunable Transmon Qubit in Planar
    Ge.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>.
  ieee: O. Sagi <i>et al.</i>, “A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge,” <i>Nature
    Communications</i>, vol. 15. Springer Nature, 2024.
  ista: Sagi O, Crippa A, Valentini M, Janik M, Baghumyan L, Fabris G, Kapoor L, Hassani
    F, Fink JM, Calcaterra S, Chrastina D, Isella G, Katsaros G. 2024. A gate tunable
    transmon qubit in planar Ge. Nature Communications. 15, 6400.
  mla: Sagi, Oliver, et al. “A Gate Tunable Transmon Qubit in Planar Ge.” <i>Nature
    Communications</i>, vol. 15, 6400, Springer Nature, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6">10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6</a>.
  short: O. Sagi, A. Crippa, M. Valentini, M. Janik, L. Baghumyan, G. Fabris, L. Kapoor,
    F. Hassani, J.M. Fink, S. Calcaterra, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Katsaros, Nature
    Communications 15 (2024).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-07-04T11:40:45Z
date_published: 2024-07-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:01:55Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: JoFi
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.1038/s41467-024-50763-6
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  - '2403.16774'
  isi:
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title: A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge
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  text: "The new era of Ge has opened up new possibilities in quantum computing. The
    maturity of Ge\r\nspin qubits is unquestioned, while hybrid semiconductor-superconductor
    Ge circuits are on track\r\nto enter the game. Gate-tunable transmons (gatemons)
    employing semiconductor Josephson\r\njunctions have recently emerged as building
    blocks for such hybrid quantum circuits. In this\r\nthesis, we present a gatemon
    fabricated in planar Germanium. We induce superconductivity\r\nin a two-dimensional
    hole gas by evaporating aluminum atop a thin spacer, which separates\r\nthe superconductor
    from the Ge quantum well. The Josephson junction is then integrated\r\ninto an
    Xmon circuit and capacitively coupled to a transmission line resonator. We showcase\r\nthe
    qubit tunability in a broad frequency range with resonator and two-tone spectroscopy.\r\nTime-domain
    characterizations reveal energy relaxation and coherence times up to 75 ns. Our\r\nresults,
    combined with the recent advances in the spin qubit field, pave the way towards
    novel\r\nhybrid and protected qubits in a group IV, CMOS-compatible material."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Sagi, Oliver
  id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
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citation:
  ama: Sagi O. Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium. 2024. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076">10.15479/at:ista:18076</a>
  apa: Sagi, O. (2024). <i>Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium</i>. Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076</a>
  chicago: Sagi, Oliver. “Hybrid Circuits on Planar Germanium.” Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076</a>.
  ieee: O. Sagi, “Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium,” Institute of Science and Technology
    Austria, 2024.
  ista: Sagi O. 2024. Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium. Institute of Science and
    Technology Austria.
  mla: Sagi, Oliver. <i>Hybrid Circuits on Planar Germanium</i>. Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18076">10.15479/at:ista:18076</a>.
  short: O. Sagi, Hybrid Circuits on Planar Germanium, Institute of Science and Technology
    Austria, 2024.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-09-16T12:58:36Z
date_published: 2024-09-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-16T12:20:39Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GeKa
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  name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
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  name: Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices
- _id: 237E5020-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: H2020
  grant_number: '862046'
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publication_identifier:
  issn:
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publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
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title: Hybrid circuits on planar Germanium
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  text: This .zip File contains the data for the figures presented in the main text
    and supplementary material of "A gate tunable transmon qubit in planar Ge" by
    O.Sagi et al. The measurements were done using Qcodes. The description of the
    files and the instructions on opening the data can be found in the Readme. An
    additional Jupyter Notebook is attached that walks through the data analysis.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: 'This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA
  through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. '
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Sagi, Oliver
  id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
  last_name: Sagi
citation:
  ama: Sagi O. A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge. 2024. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196">10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>
  apa: Sagi, O. (2024). A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge. Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>
  chicago: Sagi, Oliver. “A Gate-Tunable Transmon in Planar Ge.” Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria, 2024. <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>.
  ieee: O. Sagi, “A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge.” Institute of Science and
    Technology Austria, 2024.
  ista: Sagi O. 2024. A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge, Institute of Science and
    Technology Austria, <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196">10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>.
  mla: Sagi, Oliver. <i>A Gate-Tunable Transmon in Planar Ge</i>. Institute of Science
    and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196">10.15479/AT:ISTA:17196</a>.
  short: O. Sagi, (2024).
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- contributor_type: project_member
  first_name: Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- contributor_type: supervisor
  first_name: Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-07-04T10:14:34Z
date_published: 2024-07-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-16T12:20:39Z
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- _id: GeKa
- _id: JoFi
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has_accepted_license: '1'
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: 262116AA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  name: Hybrid Semiconductor - Superconductor Quantum Devices
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
  grant_number: P36507
  name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
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    relation: used_in_publication
    status: public
status: public
title: A gate-tunable transmon in planar Ge
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '18129'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "State-of-the-art quantum computers, with roughly a thousand qubits, face
    a crucial technological challenge of scaling up. Spins confined in quantum dots
    (QDs) are a promising candidate\r\nfor qubits due to their long coherence, tunability,
    control, and readout. However, their natural\r\ncoupling is the short-ranged (∼
    100 nm) exchange interaction, limited to nearest neighbours.\r\nLong-ranged (∼
    1 mm) qubit interactions mediated by a photon could be engineered through a\r\ncoherent
    spin-photon coupling. Achieving a strong coupling to a photon is inherently challenging
    in QDs due to the small dipole moment of the confined charge. However, the potential
    of\r\nhigh-impedance resonators to compensate for this has gained significant
    attention in the past\r\ndecade. Nevertheless, previous QD circuit quantum electrodynamics
    implementations have not\r\nexceeded the impedance of ∼ 3.8 kΩ, leaving opportunities
    for significant improvement. The\r\nlarge kinetic inductance of granular aluminium
    (grAl) could provide an order-of-magnitude\r\nenhancement. However, fully exploiting
    the potential of disordered or granular superconductors\r\nis challenging as their
    impedances close to the superconductor-to-insulator transition are\r\ndifficult
    to control reproducibly. We report on the realization of a wireless ohmmeter which\r\nallows
    in situ resistance measurements during film deposition and, therefore, indirect
    control\r\nof the kinetic inductance of grAl films. This allows us to reproducibly
    fabricate resonators\r\nwith characteristic impedance exceeding the resistance
    quantum, even reaching 22.3 kW, due\r\nto the large sheet kinetic inductance of
    up to 3 nH □−1\r\n. By integrating an 8 kW resonator\r\nwith a germanium double
    QD, we demonstrate a strong charge-photon coupling with the\r\nhighest rate reported,
    566 MHz. The demonstrated method and grAl properties make these\r\nresonators
    suitable for boosting the spin-photon coupling strength, a crucial requirement
    for\r\nfast, high-fidelity, long-distance two-qubit gates.\r\n"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Marian
  full_name: Janik, Marian
  id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Janik
  orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
citation:
  ama: Janik M. Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium
    superinductors. 2024. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129">10.15479/at:ista:18129</a>
  apa: Janik, M. (2024). <i>Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by
    granular aluminium superinductors</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129</a>
  chicago: Janik, Marian. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular
    Aluminium Superinductors.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129">https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129</a>.
  ieee: M. Janik, “Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular
    aluminium superinductors,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.
  ista: Janik M. 2024. Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular
    aluminium superinductors. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
  mla: Janik, Marian. <i>Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular
    Aluminium Superinductors</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18129">10.15479/at:ista:18129</a>.
  short: M. Janik, Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Germanium Enabled by Granular
    Aluminium Superinductors, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-09-23T17:25:43Z
date_published: 2024-09-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-03T07:16:03Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: GeKa
doi: 10.15479/at:ista:18129
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file_date_updated: 2025-05-23T22:30:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
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month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '164'
project:
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
  grant_number: P36507
  name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P32235
  name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2
  name: Protected states of quantum matter
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '18144'
    relation: part_of_dissertation
    status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: Strong charge-photon coupling in Germanium enabled by granular aluminium superinductors
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
year: '2024'
...
---
OA_place: repository
_id: '18144'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "High kinetic inductance superconductors are gaining increasing interest for\r\nthe
    realisation of qubits, amplifiers and detectors. Moreover, thanks to their\r\nhigh
    impedance, quantum buses made of such materials enable large zero-point\r\nfluctuations
    of the voltage, boosting the coupling rates to spin and charge\r\nqubits. However,
    fully exploiting the potential of disordered or granular\r\nsuperconductors is
    challenging, as their inductance and, therefore, impedance\r\nat high values are
    difficult to control. Here we have integrated a granular\r\naluminium resonator,
    having a characteristic impedance exceeding the resistance\r\nquantum, with a
    germanium double quantum dot and demonstrate strong\r\ncharge-photon coupling
    with a rate of $g_\\text{c}/2\\pi= (566 \\pm 2)$ MHz. This\r\nwas achieved due
    to the realisation of a wireless ohmmeter, which allows\r\n\\emph{in situ} measurements
    during film deposition and, therefore, control of\r\nthe kinetic inductance of
    granular aluminium films. Reproducible fabrication of\r\ncircuits with impedances
    (inductances) exceeding 13 k$\\Omega$ (1 nH per square)\r\nis now possible. This
    broadly applicable method opens the path for novel qubits\r\nand high-fidelity,
    long-distance two-qubit gates."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: "We acknowledge Franco De Palma, Mahya Khorramshahi, Fabian Oppliger,
  Thomas Reisinger, Pasquale Scarlino and Xiao Xue for helpful discussions. This research
  was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA through resources provided
  by the MIBA Machine Shop and the Nanofabrication facility. This research and related
  results were made possible with the support of the NOMIS Foundation, the HORIZON-RIA
  101069515 project, the FWF Projects with DOI:10.55776/P32235, DOI:10.55776/I5060
  and DOI:10.55776/P36507. IMP acknowledges funding from the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft
  (DFG – German Research Foundation) under project number 450396347 (GeHoldeQED).
  ICN2 acknowledges funding from Generalitat de Catalunya 2021SGR00457. We acknowledge
  support from CSIC Interdisciplinary Thematic Platform (PTI+) on Quantum Technologies
  (PTI-QTEP+). This research work has been funded by the European Commission – NextGenerationEU
  (Regulation EU 2020/2094), through CSIC’s\r\nQuantum Technologies Platform (QTEP).
  ICN2 is supported by the Severo Ochoa program from Spanish MCIN/AEI (Grant No.:
  CEX2021-001214-S) and is funded by the CERCA Programme/Generalitat de Catalunya.
  Part of the present work has been performed in the framework of Universitat Autònoma
  de Barcelona Materials Science PhD program. AGM has received funding from Grant
  RYC2021-033479-I funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by European Union
  NextGenerationEU/PRTR. M.B. acknowledges support from SUR Generalitat de Catalunya
  and the EU Social Fund; project ref. 2020 FI 00103. The authors\r\nacknowledge the
  use of instrumentation and the technical advice provided by the Joint Electron Microscopy
  Center at ALBA (JEMCA). ICN2 acknowledges funding from Grant IU16-014206 (METCAM-FIB)
  funded by the European Union through the European Regional Development\r\nFund (ERDF),
  with the support of the Ministry of Research and Universities, Generalitat de Catalunya.
  ICN2 is a founding member of e-DREAM [60]."
article_number: '2407.03079'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Marian
  full_name: Janik, Marian
  id: 396A1950-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Janik
  orcid: 0009-0003-9037-8831
- first_name: Kevin Etienne Robert
  full_name: Roux, Kevin Etienne Robert
  id: 53f93ea2-803f-11ed-ab7e-b283135794ef
  last_name: Roux
- first_name: Carla N
  full_name: Borja Espinosa, Carla N
  id: 18777c01-896a-11ed-bdf8-e4851dc07d16
  last_name: Borja Espinosa
- first_name: Oliver
  full_name: Sagi, Oliver
  id: 71616374-A8E9-11E9-A7CA-09ECE5697425
  last_name: Sagi
- first_name: Abdulhamid
  full_name: Baghdadi, Abdulhamid
  id: 160D87FA-96B5-11E9-BF77-7626E6697425
  last_name: Baghdadi
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Adletzberger, Thomas
  id: 38756BB2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Adletzberger
- first_name: Stefano
  full_name: Calcaterra, Stefano
  last_name: Calcaterra
- first_name: Marc
  full_name: Botifoll, Marc
  last_name: Botifoll
- first_name: Alba Garzón
  full_name: Manjón, Alba Garzón
  last_name: Manjón
- first_name: Jordi
  full_name: Arbiol, Jordi
  last_name: Arbiol
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: Ioan M.
  full_name: Pop, Ioan M.
  last_name: Pop
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
  ama: Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, et al. Strong charge-photon coupling
    in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors. <i>arXiv</i>.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079">10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>
  apa: Janik, M., Roux, K. E. R., Borja Espinosa, C. N., Sagi, O., Baghdadi, A., Adletzberger,
    T., … Katsaros, G. (n.d.). Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled
    by granular  aluminium superinductors. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>
  chicago: Janik, Marian, Kevin Etienne Robert Roux, Carla N Borja Espinosa, Oliver
    Sagi, Abdulhamid Baghdadi, Thomas Adletzberger, Stefano Calcaterra, et al. “Strong
    Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled by Granular  Aluminium Superinductors.”
    <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>.
  ieee: M. Janik <i>et al.</i>, “Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium
    enabled by granular  aluminium superinductors,” <i>arXiv</i>. .
  ista: Janik M, Roux KER, Borja Espinosa CN, Sagi O, Baghdadi A, Adletzberger T,
    Calcaterra S, Botifoll M, Manjón AG, Arbiol J, Chrastina D, Isella G, Pop IM,
    Katsaros G. Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular 
    aluminium superinductors. arXiv, 2407.03079.
  mla: Janik, Marian, et al. “Strong Charge-Photon Coupling in Planar Germanium Enabled
    by Granular  Aluminium Superinductors.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2407.03079, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079">10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079</a>.
  short: M. Janik, K.E.R. Roux, C.N. Borja Espinosa, O. Sagi, A. Baghdadi, T. Adletzberger,
    S. Calcaterra, M. Botifoll, A.G. Manjón, J. Arbiol, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, I.M.
    Pop, G. Katsaros, ArXiv (n.d.).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2024-09-26T09:50:43Z
date_published: 2024-07-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-07T22:31:13Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '2407.03079'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.03079
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 34c0acea-11ca-11ed-8bc3-8775e10fd452
  grant_number: '101069515'
  name: Integrated Germanium Quantum Technology
- _id: 237B3DA4-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E
  call_identifier: FWF
  grant_number: P32235
  name: Towards scalable hut wire quantum devices
- _id: bd8bd29e-d553-11ed-ba76-f0070d4b237a
  grant_number: P36507
  name: Merging spin and superconducting qubits in planar Ge
- _id: c0977eea-5a5b-11eb-8a69-a862db0cf4d1
  grant_number: I05060
  name: High impedance circuit quantum electrodynamics with hole spins
publication: arXiv
publication_status: draft
related_material:
  record:
  - id: '18886'
    relation: research_data
    status: public
  - id: '19401'
    relation: later_version
    status: public
  - id: '18129'
    relation: dissertation_contains
    status: public
status: public
title: Strong charge-photon coupling in planar germanium enabled by granular  aluminium
  superinductors
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2024'
...
---
_id: '10920'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The spin-orbit interaction permits to control the state of a spin qubit via
    electric fields. For holes it is particularly strong, allowing for fast all electrical
    qubit manipulation, and yet an in-depth understanding of this interaction in hole
    systems is missing. Here we investigate, experimentally and theoretically, the
    effect of the cubic Rashba spin-orbit interaction on the mixing of the spin states
    by studying singlet-triplet oscillations in a planar Ge hole double quantum dot.
    Landau-Zener sweeps at different magnetic field directions allow us to disentangle
    the effects of the spin-orbit induced spin-flip term from those caused by strongly
    site-dependent and anisotropic quantum dot g tensors. Our work, therefore, provides
    new insights into the hole spin-orbit interaction, necessary for optimizing future
    qubit experiments.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: "This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of ISTA
  through resources provided by the MIBA Machine Shop and the nanofabrication facility.
  This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
  and innovation program under the Marie\r\nSkłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 844511,
  No. 75441, and by the FWF-P 30207, I05060, and M3032-N projects. A. B. acknowledges
  support from the EU Horizon-2020 FET project microSPIRE, ID: 766955. P.M. M. and
  G. B. acknowledge funding by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG—German Research
  Foundation) under Project No. 450396347. This work was supported by the Royal Society
  (URF\\R1\\191150) and the European Research Council (Grant Agreement No. 948932),
  N. A. acknowledges the use of the University of Oxford Advanced Research Computing
  (ARC) facility."
article_number: '126803'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Jirovec, Daniel
  id: 4C473F58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Jirovec
  orcid: 0000-0002-7197-4801
- first_name: Philipp M.
  full_name: Mutter, Philipp M.
  last_name: Mutter
- first_name: Andrea C
  full_name: Hofmann, Andrea C
  id: 340F461A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Hofmann
- first_name: Alessandro
  full_name: Crippa, Alessandro
  id: 1F2B21A2-F6E7-11E9-9B82-F7DBE5697425
  last_name: Crippa
  orcid: 0000-0002-2968-611X
- first_name: Marek
  full_name: Rychetsky, Marek
  last_name: Rychetsky
- first_name: David L.
  full_name: Craig, David L.
  last_name: Craig
- first_name: Josip
  full_name: Kukucka, Josip
  id: 3F5D8856-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kukucka
- first_name: Frederico
  full_name: Martins, Frederico
  id: 38F80F9A-1CB8-11EA-BC76-B49B3DDC885E
  last_name: Martins
  orcid: 0000-0003-2668-2401
- first_name: Andrea
  full_name: Ballabio, Andrea
  last_name: Ballabio
- first_name: Natalia
  full_name: Ares, Natalia
  last_name: Ares
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Chrastina, Daniel
  last_name: Chrastina
- first_name: Giovanni
  full_name: Isella, Giovanni
  last_name: Isella
- first_name: 'Guido '
  full_name: 'Burkard, Guido '
  last_name: Burkard
- first_name: Georgios
  full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
  id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Katsaros
  orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
citation:
  ama: Jirovec D, Mutter PM, Hofmann AC, et al. Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits
    with large g-factor differences. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2022;128(12).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803">10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803</a>
  apa: Jirovec, D., Mutter, P. M., Hofmann, A. C., Crippa, A., Rychetsky, M., Craig,
    D. L., … Katsaros, G. (2022). Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large
    g-factor differences. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803</a>
  chicago: Jirovec, Daniel, Philipp M. Mutter, Andrea C Hofmann, Alessandro Crippa,
    Marek Rychetsky, David L. Craig, Josip Kukucka, et al. “Dynamics of Hole Singlet-Triplet
    Qubits with Large g-Factor Differences.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American
    Physical Society, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803</a>.
  ieee: D. Jirovec <i>et al.</i>, “Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large
    g-factor differences,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 128, no. 12. American
    Physical Society, 2022.
  ista: Jirovec D, Mutter PM, Hofmann AC, Crippa A, Rychetsky M, Craig DL, Kukucka
    J, Martins F, Ballabio A, Ares N, Chrastina D, Isella G, Burkard G, Katsaros G.
    2022. Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large g-factor differences.
    Physical Review Letters. 128(12), 126803.
  mla: Jirovec, Daniel, et al. “Dynamics of Hole Singlet-Triplet Qubits with Large
    g-Factor Differences.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 128, no. 12, 126803,
    American Physical Society, 2022, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803">10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803</a>.
  short: D. Jirovec, P.M. Mutter, A.C. Hofmann, A. Crippa, M. Rychetsky, D.L. Craig,
    J. Kukucka, F. Martins, A. Ballabio, N. Ares, D. Chrastina, G. Isella, G. Burkard,
    G. Katsaros, Physical Review Letters 128 (2022).
corr_author: '1'
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doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.128.126803
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title: Dynamics of hole singlet-triplet qubits with large g-factor differences
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