--- _id: '11666' abstract: - lang: eng text: This article describes the Digital Continuous Profiling Infrastructure, a sampling-based profiling system designed to run continuously on production systems. The system supports multiprocessors, works on unmodified executables, and collects profiles for entire systems, including user programs, shared libraries, and the operating system kernel. Samples are collected at a high rate (over 5200 samples/sec. per 333MHz processor), yet with low overhead (1–3% slowdown for most workloads). Analysis tools supplied with the profiling system use the sample data to produce a precise and accurate accounting, down to the level of pipeline stalls incurred by individual instructions, of where time is bring spent. When instructions incur stalls, the tools identify possible reasons, such as cache misses, branch mispredictions, and functional unit contention. The fine-grained instruction-level analysis guides users and automated optimizers to the causes of performance problems and provides important insights for fixing them. acknowledgement: We would like to thank Mike Burrows, Allan Heydon, Hal Murray, Sharon Perl, and Sharon Smith for helpful comments that greatly improved the content and presentation of this article; the anonymous referees for SOSP and TOCS also provided numerous helpful comments. We would also like to thank Dawson Engler for initially suggesting the use of interprocessor interrupts to avoid expensive synchronization operations in the interrupt handler, Mitch Lichtenberg for his work on the Alpha/NT version of our system and in general for his help and suggestions on the project, and the developers of iprobe for supplying us with source code that helped us get off the ground in building the early versions of our data collection system. Finally, we would like to thank Gary Carleton and Bob Davies of Intel for answering our questions about VTune and Marty Itzkowitz of SGI for answering our questions about SpeedShop. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jennifer M. full_name: Anderson, Jennifer M. last_name: Anderson - first_name: Lance M. full_name: Berc, Lance M. last_name: Berc - first_name: Jeffrey full_name: Dean, Jeffrey last_name: Dean - first_name: Sanjay full_name: Ghemawat, Sanjay last_name: Ghemawat - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Shun-Tak A. full_name: Leung, Shun-Tak A. last_name: Leung - first_name: Richard L. full_name: Sites, Richard L. last_name: Sites - first_name: Mark T. full_name: Vandevoorde, Mark T. last_name: Vandevoorde - first_name: Carl A. full_name: Waldspurger, Carl A. last_name: Waldspurger - first_name: William E. full_name: Weihl, William E. last_name: Weihl citation: ama: 'Anderson JM, Berc LM, Dean J, et al. Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone? ACM Transactions on Computer Systems. 1997;15(4):357-390. doi:10.1145/265924.265925' apa: 'Anderson, J. M., Berc, L. M., Dean, J., Ghemawat, S., Henzinger, M. H., Leung, S.-T. A., … Weihl, W. E. (1997). Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone? ACM Transactions on Computer Systems. Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/265924.265925' chicago: 'Anderson, Jennifer M., Lance M. Berc, Jeffrey Dean, Sanjay Ghemawat, Monika H Henzinger, Shun-Tak A. Leung, Richard L. Sites, Mark T. Vandevoorde, Carl A. Waldspurger, and William E. Weihl. “Continuous Profiling: Where Have All the Cycles Gone?” ACM Transactions on Computer Systems. Association for Computing Machinery, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1145/265924.265925.' ieee: 'J. M. Anderson et al., “Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone?,” ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, vol. 15, no. 4. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 357–390, 1997.' ista: 'Anderson JM, Berc LM, Dean J, Ghemawat S, Henzinger MH, Leung S-TA, Sites RL, Vandevoorde MT, Waldspurger CA, Weihl WE. 1997. Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone? ACM Transactions on Computer Systems. 15(4), 357–390.' mla: 'Anderson, Jennifer M., et al. “Continuous Profiling: Where Have All the Cycles Gone?” ACM Transactions on Computer Systems, vol. 15, no. 4, Association for Computing Machinery, 1997, pp. 357–90, doi:10.1145/265924.265925.' short: J.M. Anderson, L.M. Berc, J. Dean, S. Ghemawat, M.H. Henzinger, S.-T.A. Leung, R.L. Sites, M.T. Vandevoorde, C.A. Waldspurger, W.E. Weihl, ACM Transactions on Computer Systems 15 (1997) 357–390. date_created: 2022-07-27T11:42:25Z date_published: 1997-11-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-09-09T12:00:13Z day: '01' doi: 10.1145/265924.265925 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 15' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa_version: None page: 357-390 publication: ACM Transactions on Computer Systems publication_identifier: eissn: - 1557-7333 issn: - 0734-2071 publication_status: published publisher: Association for Computing Machinery quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone?' type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 15 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '11767' abstract: - lang: eng text: We give a linear-time algorithm for single-source shortest paths in planar graphs with nonnegative edge-lengths. Our algorithm also yields a linear-time algorithm for maximum flow in a planar graph with the source and sink on the same face. For the case where negative edge-lengths are allowed, we give an algorithm requiringO(n4/3 log(nL)) time, whereLis the absolute value of the most negative length. This algorithm can be used to obtain similar bounds for computing a feasible flow in a planar network, for finding a perfect matching in a planar bipartite graph, and for finding a maximum flow in a planar graph when the source and sink are not on the same face. We also give parallel and dynamic versions of these algorithms. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Philip full_name: Klein, Philip last_name: Klein - first_name: Satish full_name: Rao, Satish last_name: Rao - first_name: Sairam full_name: Subramanian, Sairam last_name: Subramanian citation: ama: Henzinger MH, Klein P, Rao S, Subramanian S. Faster shortest-path algorithms for planar graphs. Journal of Computer and System Sciences. 1997;55(1):3-23. doi:10.1006/jcss.1997.1493 apa: Henzinger, M. H., Klein, P., Rao, S., & Subramanian, S. (1997). Faster shortest-path algorithms for planar graphs. Journal of Computer and System Sciences. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcss.1997.1493 chicago: Henzinger, Monika H, Philip Klein, Satish Rao, and Sairam Subramanian. “Faster Shortest-Path Algorithms for Planar Graphs.” Journal of Computer and System Sciences. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1006/jcss.1997.1493. ieee: M. H. Henzinger, P. Klein, S. Rao, and S. Subramanian, “Faster shortest-path algorithms for planar graphs,” Journal of Computer and System Sciences, vol. 55, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 3–23, 1997. ista: Henzinger MH, Klein P, Rao S, Subramanian S. 1997. Faster shortest-path algorithms for planar graphs. Journal of Computer and System Sciences. 55(1), 3–23. mla: Henzinger, Monika H., et al. “Faster Shortest-Path Algorithms for Planar Graphs.” Journal of Computer and System Sciences, vol. 55, no. 1, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 3–23, doi:10.1006/jcss.1997.1493. short: M.H. Henzinger, P. Klein, S. Rao, S. Subramanian, Journal of Computer and System Sciences 55 (1997) 3–23. date_created: 2022-08-08T12:28:45Z date_published: 1997-08-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-09-12T10:46:21Z day: '01' doi: 10.1006/jcss.1997.1493 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 55' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1006/jcss.1997.1493 month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 3-23 publication: Journal of Computer and System Sciences publication_identifier: issn: - 0022-0000 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Faster shortest-path algorithms for planar graphs type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 55 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '11765' abstract: - lang: eng text: This paper presents insertions-only algorithms for maintaining the exact and/or approximate size of the minimum edge cut and the minimum vertex cut of a graph. The algorithms output the approximate or exact sizekin timeO(1) and a cut of sizekin time linear in its size. For the minimum edge cut problem and for any 0 < ε ≤ 1, the amortized time per insertion isO(1/ε2) for a (2 + ε)-approximation,O((log λ)((log n)/ε)2) for a (1 + ε)-approximation, andO(λ log n) for the exact size, wherenis the number of nodes in the graph and λ is the size of the minimum cut. The (2 + ε)-approximation algorithm and the exact algorithm are deterministic; the (1 + ε)-approximation algorithm is randomized. We also present a static 2-approximation algorithm for the size κ of the minimum vertex cut in a graph, which takes time. This is a factor of κ faster than the best algorithm for computing the exact size, which takes time. We give an insertions-only algorithm for maintaining a (2 + ε)-approximation of the minimum vertex cut with amortized insertion timeO(n/ε). article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 citation: ama: Henzinger MH. A static 2-approximation algorithm for vertex connectivity and incremental approximation algorithms for edge and vertex connectivity. Journal of Algorithms. 1997;24(1):194-220. doi:10.1006/jagm.1997.0855 apa: Henzinger, M. H. (1997). A static 2-approximation algorithm for vertex connectivity and incremental approximation algorithms for edge and vertex connectivity. Journal of Algorithms. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1006/jagm.1997.0855 chicago: Henzinger, Monika H. “A Static 2-Approximation Algorithm for Vertex Connectivity and Incremental Approximation Algorithms for Edge and Vertex Connectivity.” Journal of Algorithms. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1006/jagm.1997.0855. ieee: M. H. Henzinger, “A static 2-approximation algorithm for vertex connectivity and incremental approximation algorithms for edge and vertex connectivity,” Journal of Algorithms, vol. 24, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 194–220, 1997. ista: Henzinger MH. 1997. A static 2-approximation algorithm for vertex connectivity and incremental approximation algorithms for edge and vertex connectivity. Journal of Algorithms. 24(1), 194–220. mla: Henzinger, Monika H. “A Static 2-Approximation Algorithm for Vertex Connectivity and Incremental Approximation Algorithms for Edge and Vertex Connectivity.” Journal of Algorithms, vol. 24, no. 1, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 194–220, doi:10.1006/jagm.1997.0855. short: M.H. Henzinger, Journal of Algorithms 24 (1997) 194–220. date_created: 2022-08-08T12:18:38Z date_published: 1997-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-09-12T09:15:38Z day: '01' doi: 10.1006/jagm.1997.0855 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 24' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa_version: None page: 194-220 publication: Journal of Algorithms publication_identifier: issn: - 0196-6774 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: A static 2-approximation algorithm for vertex connectivity and incremental approximation algorithms for edge and vertex connectivity type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 24 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '11803' abstract: - lang: eng text: We present the first fully dynamic algorithm for maintaining a minimum spanning tree in time o(√n) per operation. To be precise, the algorithm uses O(n 1/3 log n) amortized time per update operation. The algorithm is fairly simple and deterministic. An immediate consequence is the first fully dynamic deterministic algorithm for maintaining connectivity and, bipartiteness in amortized time O(n 1/3 log n) per update, with O(1) worst case time per query. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Valerie full_name: King, Valerie last_name: King citation: ama: 'Henzinger MH, King V. Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic graphs. In: 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming. Vol 1256. Springer Nature; 1997:594–604. doi:10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214' apa: 'Henzinger, M. H., & King, V. (1997). Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic graphs. In 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming (Vol. 1256, pp. 594–604). Bologna, Italy: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214' chicago: Henzinger, Monika H, and Valerie King. “Maintaining Minimum Spanning Trees in Dynamic Graphs.” In 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, 1256:594–604. Springer Nature, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214. ieee: M. H. Henzinger and V. King, “Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic graphs,” in 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, Bologna, Italy, 1997, vol. 1256, pp. 594–604. ista: 'Henzinger MH, King V. 1997. Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic graphs. 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming. ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming, LNCS, vol. 1256, 594–604.' mla: Henzinger, Monika H., and Valerie King. “Maintaining Minimum Spanning Trees in Dynamic Graphs.” 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, vol. 1256, Springer Nature, 1997, pp. 594–604, doi:10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214. short: M.H. Henzinger, V. King, in:, 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, Springer Nature, 1997, pp. 594–604. conference: end_date: 1997-07-11 location: Bologna, Italy name: 'ICALP: International Colloquium on Automata, Languages, and Programming' start_date: 1997-07-07 date_created: 2022-08-11T13:35:06Z date_published: 1997-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-14T07:49:03Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/3-540-63165-8_214 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1256' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa_version: None page: 594–604 publication: 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783540691945' eissn: - 1611-3349 isbn: - '9783540631651' issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Maintaining minimum spanning trees in dynamic graphs type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 1256 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '11849' abstract: - lang: eng text: "This paper describes the DIGlTAL Continuous Profiling Infrastmcture, a sampling-based profiling system designed to run continuously on production systems. The system supports multiprocessors, works on unmodified executable& and collects profiles for entire systems, including user programs, shared libraries, and the operating system kernel. Samples are collected at a high rate (over 5200 samples/secper333-MHz processor), yet with low overhead (l-3% slowdown for most workloads). Analysis tools supplied with the profiling system use the sample data to produce an accurate accounting, down to the level of pipeline stalls incurred by individual instructions, of where time is being spent. When instructions incur stalls, the tools identify possible reasons, such as cache misses, branch mispredictions, and functional unit contention. The fine-grained instruction-level analysis guides users and automated optimizers to the causes of performance\r\nproblems and provides important insights for fixing them. " article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jennifer M. full_name: Anderson, Jennifer M. last_name: Anderson - first_name: Lance M. full_name: Berc, Lance M. last_name: Berc - first_name: Jeffrey full_name: Dean, Jeffrey last_name: Dean - first_name: Sanjay full_name: Ghemawat, Sanjay last_name: Ghemawat - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Shun-Tak A. full_name: Leung, Shun-Tak A. last_name: Leung - first_name: Richard L. full_name: Sites, Richard L. last_name: Sites - first_name: Mark T. full_name: Vandevoorde, Mark T. last_name: Vandevoorde - first_name: Carl A. full_name: Waldspurger, Carl A. last_name: Waldspurger - first_name: William E. full_name: Weihl, William E. last_name: Weihl citation: ama: 'Anderson JM, Berc LM, Dean J, et al. Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone? ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review. 1997;31(5):1-14. doi:10.1145/269005.266637' apa: 'Anderson, J. M., Berc, L. M., Dean, J., Ghemawat, S., Henzinger, M. H., Leung, S.-T. A., … Weihl, W. E. (1997). Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone? ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review. Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/269005.266637' chicago: 'Anderson, Jennifer M., Lance M. Berc, Jeffrey Dean, Sanjay Ghemawat, Monika H Henzinger, Shun-Tak A. Leung, Richard L. Sites, Mark T. Vandevoorde, Carl A. Waldspurger, and William E. Weihl. “Continuous Profiling: Where Have All the Cycles Gone?” ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review. Association for Computing Machinery, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1145/269005.266637.' ieee: 'J. M. Anderson et al., “Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone?,” ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, vol. 31, no. 5. Association for Computing Machinery, pp. 1–14, 1997.' ista: 'Anderson JM, Berc LM, Dean J, Ghemawat S, Henzinger MH, Leung S-TA, Sites RL, Vandevoorde MT, Waldspurger CA, Weihl WE. 1997. Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone? ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review. 31(5), 1–14.' mla: 'Anderson, Jennifer M., et al. “Continuous Profiling: Where Have All the Cycles Gone?” ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review, vol. 31, no. 5, Association for Computing Machinery, 1997, pp. 1–14, doi:10.1145/269005.266637.' short: J.M. Anderson, L.M. Berc, J. Dean, S. Ghemawat, M.H. Henzinger, S.-T.A. Leung, R.L. Sites, M.T. Vandevoorde, C.A. Waldspurger, W.E. Weihl, ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review 31 (1997) 1–14. date_created: 2022-08-16T07:07:03Z date_published: 1997-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-21T16:30:27Z day: '01' doi: 10.1145/269005.266637 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 31' issue: '5' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1145/269005.266637 month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1-14 publication: ACM SIGOPS Operating Systems Review publication_identifier: issn: - 0163-5980 publication_status: published publisher: Association for Computing Machinery quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '11849' relation: earlier_version status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Continuous profiling: Where have all the cycles gone?' type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 31 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '11883' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'In dynamic graph algorithms the following provide-or-bound problem has to be solved quickly: Given a set S containing a subset R and a way of generating random elements from S testing for membership in R, either (i) provide an element of R, or (ii) give a (small) upper bound on the size of R that holds with high probability. We give an optimal algorithm for this problem. This algorithm improves the time per operation for various dynamic graph algorithms by a factor of O(log n). For example, it improves the time per update for fully dynamic connectivity from O(log3n) to O(log2n).' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Mikkel full_name: Thorup, Mikkel last_name: Thorup citation: ama: 'Henzinger MH, Thorup M. Sampling to provide or to bound: With applications to fully dynamic graph algorithms. Random Structures and Algorithms. 1997;11(4):369-379. doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2418(199712)11:4<369::aid-rsa5>3.0.co;2-x' apa: 'Henzinger, M. H., & Thorup, M. (1997). Sampling to provide or to bound: With applications to fully dynamic graph algorithms. Random Structures and Algorithms. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2418(199712)11:4<369::aid-rsa5>3.0.co;2-x' chicago: 'Henzinger, Monika H, and Mikkel Thorup. “Sampling to Provide or to Bound: With Applications to Fully Dynamic Graph Algorithms.” Random Structures and Algorithms. Wiley, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1002/(sici)1098-2418(199712)11:4<369::aid-rsa5>3.0.co;2-x.' ieee: 'M. H. Henzinger and M. Thorup, “Sampling to provide or to bound: With applications to fully dynamic graph algorithms,” Random Structures and Algorithms, vol. 11, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 369–379, 1997.' ista: 'Henzinger MH, Thorup M. 1997. Sampling to provide or to bound: With applications to fully dynamic graph algorithms. Random Structures and Algorithms. 11(4), 369–379.' mla: 'Henzinger, Monika H., and Mikkel Thorup. “Sampling to Provide or to Bound: With Applications to Fully Dynamic Graph Algorithms.” Random Structures and Algorithms, vol. 11, no. 4, Wiley, 1997, pp. 369–79, doi:10.1002/(sici)1098-2418(199712)11:4<369::aid-rsa5>3.0.co;2-x.' short: M.H. Henzinger, M. Thorup, Random Structures and Algorithms 11 (1997) 369–379. date_created: 2022-08-17T07:21:55Z date_published: 1997-12-07T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-02-17T14:05:02Z day: '07' doi: 10.1002/(sici)1098-2418(199712)11:4<369::aid-rsa5>3.0.co;2-x extern: '1' intvolume: ' 11' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 369-379 publication: Random Structures and Algorithms publication_identifier: eissn: - 1098-2418 issn: - 1042-9832 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Sampling to provide or to bound: With applications to fully dynamic graph algorithms' type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 11 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2493' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'A specific antiserum against substance P receptor (SPR) labels nonprincipal neurons in the cerebral cortex of the rat (T. Kaneko et al. [1994], Neuroscience 60:199-211; Y. Nakaya et al. [1994], J. Comp. Neurol. 347:249-274). In the present study, we aimed to identify the types of SPR- immunoreactive neurons in the hippocampus according to their content of neurochemical markers, which label interneuron populations with distinct termination patterns. Markers for perisomatic inhibitory cells, parvalbumin and cholecystokinin (CCK), colocalized with SPR in pyramidallike basket cells in the dentate gyrus and in large multipolar or bitufted cells within all hippocampal subfields respectively. A dense meshwork of SPR-immunoreactive spiny dendrites in the hilus and stratum lucidum of the CA3 region belonged largely to inhibitory cells terminating in the distal dendritic region of granule cells, as indicated by the somatostatin and neuropeptide Y (NPY) content. In addition, SPR and NPY were colocalized in numerous multipolar interneurons with dendrites branching close to the soma. Twenty-five percent of the SPR-immunoreactive cells overlapped with calretinin-positive neurons in all hippocampal subfields, showing that interneurons specialized to contact other gamma-aminobutyric acid-ergic cells may also contain SPR. On the basis of the known termination pattern of the colocalized markers, we conclude that SPR-positive interneurons are functionally heterogeneous and participate in different inhibitory processes: (1) perisomatic inhibition of principal cells (CCK-containing cells, and parvalbumin-positive cells in the dentate gyrus), (2) feedback dendritic inhibition in the entorhinal termination zone (somatostatin and NPY-containing cells), and (3) innervation of other interneurons (calretinin-containing cells).' acknowledgement: This sudy was supported by grants from the Human Frontier Science Program Organisation, the Howard Hughes Medical Institute, and OTKA (T 16942) Hungary.We are grateful to Dr. K.G. Baimbridge and to Dr. M.R.Celio (calbindin and parvalbumin), Dr. T. Go ̈rcs (CCK, VIP,NPY, and somatostatin), Dr. J.H. Rogers (calretinin), andDr. C.G. Beaulieau (GABA) for kind gifts of antisera. The excellent technical assistance of Mrs. E. Borok, Mrs. A.Z.Szabo, and Mr. G. Terstyanszky is also acknowledged article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: László full_name: Acsády, László last_name: Acsády - first_name: István full_name: Katona, István last_name: Katona - first_name: Attila full_name: Gulyás, Attila last_name: Gulyás - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Tamás full_name: Freund, Tamás last_name: Freund citation: ama: Acsády L, Katona I, Gulyás A, Shigemoto R, Freund T. Immunostaining for substance P receptor labels GABAergic cells with distinct termination patterns in the hippocampus. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 1997;378(3):320-336. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970217)378:3&lt;320::AID-CNE2&gt;3.0.CO;2-5 apa: Acsády, L., Katona, I., Gulyás, A., Shigemoto, R., & Freund, T. (1997). Immunostaining for substance P receptor labels GABAergic cells with distinct termination patterns in the hippocampus. Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970217)378:3&lt;320::AID-CNE2&gt;3.0.CO;2-5 chicago: Acsády, László, István Katona, Attila Gulyás, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Tamás Freund. “Immunostaining for Substance P Receptor Labels GABAergic Cells with Distinct Termination Patterns in the Hippocampus.” Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970217)378:3&lt;320::AID-CNE2&gt;3.0.CO;2-5. ieee: L. Acsády, I. Katona, A. Gulyás, R. Shigemoto, and T. Freund, “Immunostaining for substance P receptor labels GABAergic cells with distinct termination patterns in the hippocampus,” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 378, no. 3. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 320–336, 1997. ista: Acsády L, Katona I, Gulyás A, Shigemoto R, Freund T. 1997. Immunostaining for substance P receptor labels GABAergic cells with distinct termination patterns in the hippocampus. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 378(3), 320–336. mla: Acsády, László, et al. “Immunostaining for Substance P Receptor Labels GABAergic Cells with Distinct Termination Patterns in the Hippocampus.” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 378, no. 3, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 320–36, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970217)378:3&lt;320::AID-CNE2&gt;3.0.CO;2-5. short: L. Acsády, I. Katona, A. Gulyás, R. Shigemoto, T. Freund, Journal of Comparative Neurology 378 (1997) 320–336. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:59Z date_published: 1997-02-17T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T13:43:18Z day: '17' doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970217)378:3<320::AID-CNE2>3.0.CO;2-5 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9034894' intvolume: ' 378' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa_version: None page: 320 - 336 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Comparative Neurology publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-9967 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '4408' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Immunostaining for substance P receptor labels GABAergic cells with distinct termination patterns in the hippocampus type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 378 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2576' abstract: - lang: eng text: Primary afferent neurons containing substance P (SP) are apparently implicated in the transmission of noxious information from the periphery to the central nervous system, and SP released from primary afferent neurons acts on second-order neurons with the SP receptor (SPR). In the rat, nociceptive information reached the hypothalamus not only through indirect pathways but also directly through trigeminohypothalamic and spinohypothalamic pathways. Thus, in the present study, the distribution pattern of trigeminohypothalamic and spinohypothalamic tract neurons showing SPR-like immunoreactivity (SPR-LI) was examined in the rat by a retrograde tract-tracing method combined with immunofluorescence histochemistry for SPR. A substantial number of trigeminal and spinal neurons with SPR-LI were retrogradely labeled with Fluore-Gold (FG) injected into the hypothalamic regions. These neurons were distributed mainly in lamina I of the medullary and spinal dorsal horns, lateral spinal nucleus, regions around the central canal of the spinal cord, and the lateral aspect of the deep part of the spinal dorsal horn. A number of SPR-LI neurons in the spinal parasympathetic nucleus were labeled with FG injected into the area around the paraventricular hypothalamic nucleus. Some SPR-LI neurons in the lateral spinal nucleus and the lateral aspect of the deep part of the spinal dorsal horn were also labeled with FG injected into the septal region. On the basis of the distribution areas of SPR-LI trigeminal and spinal neurons projecting to the hypothalamic and septal regions, it is likely that these neurons are involved in the transmission of somatic and/or visceral noxious information. acknowledgement: This study was supported by grants 08279106 and 08458245 from the Ministry of Education, Science, Sportsand Culture of Japan. We are grateful for the photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi and the support of Dr. Kajitaro Morita in Morita Clinic of Internal Medicine and Pediatrics, Kadoma, Osaka, Japan. We also express our gratitude for the support of Drs. Satoru Fukuchi, Ritsu Hayashi,Sohzaburo Hayashi, Mizuho Katsurada, Hitoski Kawai,Yutaka Kitani, Toshihiko Kuroda, Keiko Kumagai, Hiroshi Matsubara, Hiroshi Matsushima, Chisato Minakuchi,Gonpei Niwa, Hajime Oda, Mashiko Ohbayashi, Seiichi Ohbayashi, Hiroyasu Ohtsuka, Shigeo Tamaki, EizoWatanabe, Kazuo Yoshino, and Toshiaki Yoshino. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jin full_name: Li, Jin last_name: Li - first_name: Takeshi full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi last_name: Kaneko - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: Li J, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N. Distribution of trigeminohypothalamic and spinohypothalamic tract neurons displaying substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 1997;378(4):508-521. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970224)378:4&lt;508::AID-CNE6&gt;3.0.CO;2-6 apa: Li, J., Kaneko, T., Shigemoto, R., & Mizuno, N. (1997). Distribution of trigeminohypothalamic and spinohypothalamic tract neurons displaying substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970224)378:4&lt;508::AID-CNE6&gt;3.0.CO;2-6 chicago: Li, Jin, Takeshi Kaneko, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Noboru Mizuno. “Distribution of Trigeminohypothalamic and Spinohypothalamic Tract Neurons Displaying Substance P Receptor-like Immunoreactivity in the Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970224)378:4&lt;508::AID-CNE6&gt;3.0.CO;2-6. ieee: J. Li, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, and N. Mizuno, “Distribution of trigeminohypothalamic and spinohypothalamic tract neurons displaying substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat,” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 378, no. 4. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 508–521, 1997. ista: Li J, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N. 1997. Distribution of trigeminohypothalamic and spinohypothalamic tract neurons displaying substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 378(4), 508–521. mla: Li, Jin, et al. “Distribution of Trigeminohypothalamic and Spinohypothalamic Tract Neurons Displaying Substance P Receptor-like Immunoreactivity in the Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 378, no. 4, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 508–21, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970224)378:4&lt;508::AID-CNE6&gt;3.0.CO;2-6. short: J. Li, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, Journal of Comparative Neurology 378 (1997) 508–521. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:28Z date_published: 1997-02-24T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T13:34:53Z day: '24' doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970224)378:4<508::AID-CNE6>3.0.CO;2-6 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9034907' intvolume: ' 378' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa_version: None page: 508 - 521 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Comparative Neurology publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-9967 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '4323' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Distribution of trigeminohypothalamic and spinohypothalamic tract neurons displaying substance P receptor-like immunoreactivity in the rat type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 378 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2578' abstract: - lang: eng text: The distribution of immunoreactivity to the neurokinin3 receptor (NK3R) was examined in segments C7, T11-12, L1-2, and L4-6 of the rat spinal cord. NK3R immunoreactivity was visualized by using two antisera generated against sequences of amino acids contained in the C-terminal region of the NK3R. NK3R-immunoreactive cells were numerous in the substantia gelatinosa of all spinal segments examined as well as the dorsal commissural nucleus of spinal segments L1-2. Isolated, immunoreactive cells were scattered throughout other regions of the spinal cord. The relationship of NK3R-immunoreactivity with neurons was demonstrated by colocalization with microtubule associated protein 2-immunoreactivity in individual cells. Within neurons, NK3R- immunoreactivity was associated predominately with the plasma membrane of cell bodies and dendrites. Within the substantia gelatinosa, 86% of nitric oxide synthase (NOS)-immunoreactive neurons were also NK3R-immunoreactive. Although NOS-immunoreactive neurons were found throughout all other regions of the spinal cord in the segments examined, these were not NK3R- immunoreactive. When preganglionic sympathetic neurons in spinal segments T11-12 and L1-2 were visualized by intraperitoneal injection of Fluorogold, less than 1% of the Fluorogold-labeled neurons were also immunoreactive for NK3R. The large number of NK3R-immunoreactive neurons in the substantia gelatinosa suggests that some effects of tachykinins an somatosensation may be mediated by NK3R. acknowledgement: The authors are grateful to Dr. Colin Anderson fordiscussions of the organization of spinal autonomic nuclei.V.S.S. was a visiting research fellow in the Department ofAnatomy and Cell Biology, University of Melbourne. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Virginia full_name: Seybold, Virginia last_name: Seybold - first_name: Ivica full_name: Grković, Ivica last_name: Grković - first_name: Andrea full_name: Portbury, Andrea last_name: Portbury - first_name: Yu full_name: Ding, Yu last_name: Ding - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno - first_name: John full_name: Furness, John last_name: Furness - first_name: Bridget full_name: Southwell, Bridget last_name: Southwell citation: ama: Seybold V, Grković I, Portbury A, et al. Relationship of NK3 receptor-immunoreactivity to subpopulations of neurons in rat spinal cord. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 1997;381(4):439-448. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970519)381:4&lt;439::AID-CNE4&gt;3.0.CO;2-3 apa: Seybold, V., Grković, I., Portbury, A., Ding, Y., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., … Southwell, B. (1997). Relationship of NK3 receptor-immunoreactivity to subpopulations of neurons in rat spinal cord. Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970519)381:4&lt;439::AID-CNE4&gt;3.0.CO;2-3 chicago: Seybold, Virginia, Ivica Grković, Andrea Portbury, Yu Ding, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, John Furness, and Bridget Southwell. “Relationship of NK3 Receptor-Immunoreactivity to Subpopulations of Neurons in Rat Spinal Cord.” Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970519)381:4&lt;439::AID-CNE4&gt;3.0.CO;2-3. ieee: V. Seybold et al., “Relationship of NK3 receptor-immunoreactivity to subpopulations of neurons in rat spinal cord,” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 381, no. 4. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 439–448, 1997. ista: Seybold V, Grković I, Portbury A, Ding Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Furness J, Southwell B. 1997. Relationship of NK3 receptor-immunoreactivity to subpopulations of neurons in rat spinal cord. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 381(4), 439–448. mla: Seybold, Virginia, et al. “Relationship of NK3 Receptor-Immunoreactivity to Subpopulations of Neurons in Rat Spinal Cord.” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 381, no. 4, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 439–48, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970519)381:4&lt;439::AID-CNE4&gt;3.0.CO;2-3. short: V. Seybold, I. Grković, A. Portbury, Y. Ding, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, J. Furness, B. Southwell, Journal of Comparative Neurology 381 (1997) 439–448. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:29Z date_published: 1997-05-19T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T12:27:14Z day: '19' doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19970519)381:4<439::AID-CNE4>3.0.CO;2-3 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9136801 ' intvolume: ' 381' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa_version: None page: 439 - 448 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Comparative Neurology publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-9967 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '4320' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Relationship of NK3 receptor-immunoreactivity to subpopulations of neurons in rat spinal cord type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 381 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2575' abstract: - lang: eng text: It was examined electron microscopically in the rat if a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, might be localized in axon terminals of nociceptive, primary afferent fibers in laminae I and II of the spinal dorsal horn. Nociceptive nature of axon terminals showing mGluR7-like immunoreactivity (mGluR7-LI) was indicated by binding to the isolectin I-B4 from Griffonia simplicifolia (I-B4), or by substance P-like immunoreactivity (SP-LI). Axon terminals labeled with immunogold particles indicating mGluR7-LI were usually filled with round synaptic vesicles and were in asymmetric synaptic contact with dendritic or somatic profiles; occasionally they contained pleomorphic vesicles and were in symmetric synaptic contact with somatic profiles in lamina II. The double-labeling studies revealed that most of axon terminals with I-B4 labeling as well as a small population of axon terminals with SP-LI, showed mGluR7-LI. About one-third or much smaller population of axon terminals with mGluR7-LI in laminae I and II were labeled, respectively, with I-B4 or SP-LI; these were in asymmetric synaptic contact with dendritic profiles. acknowledgement: We are grateful for photographic help of Mr. Akira Uesugi. We also express our gratitude for the support of Drs. Satoru Fukuchi, Ritsu Hayashi, Sohzaburo Hayashi, Mizuho Katsurada, Hitoshi Kawai, Yutaka Kitani, Toshihiko Kuroda, Keiko Kumagai, Hiroshi Matsubara, Hiroshi Matsushima, Chisato Minakuchi, Gonpei Niwa, Hajime Oda, Masahiko Ohbayashi, Sei-ichi Ohbayashi, Hiroyasu Ohtsuka, Shigeo Tamaki, Eizo Watanabe, Kazuo Yoshino, and Toshiaki Yoshino. This work was supported in part by Grant-in-Aid from Ministry of Education, Science, Culture and Sports of Japan. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: He full_name: Li, He last_name: Li - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Ayae full_name: Kinoshita, Ayae last_name: Kinoshita - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Sakashi full_name: Nomura, Sakashi last_name: Nomura - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: 'Li H, Ohishi H, Kinoshita A, Shigemoto R, Nomura S, Mizuno N. Localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in axon terminals of presumed nociceptive, primary afferent fibers in the superficial layers of the spinal dorsal horn: An electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. 1997;223(3):153-156. doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(97)13429-2' apa: 'Li, H., Ohishi, H., Kinoshita, A., Shigemoto, R., Nomura, S., & Mizuno, N. (1997). Localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in axon terminals of presumed nociceptive, primary afferent fibers in the superficial layers of the spinal dorsal horn: An electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(97)13429-2' chicago: 'Li, He, Hitoshi Ohishi, Ayae Kinoshita, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Sakashi Nomura, and Noboru Mizuno. “Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR7, in Axon Terminals of Presumed Nociceptive, Primary Afferent Fibers in the Superficial Layers of the Spinal Dorsal Horn: An Electron Microscope Study in the Rat.” Neuroscience Letters. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0304-3940(97)13429-2.' ieee: 'H. Li, H. Ohishi, A. Kinoshita, R. Shigemoto, S. Nomura, and N. Mizuno, “Localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in axon terminals of presumed nociceptive, primary afferent fibers in the superficial layers of the spinal dorsal horn: An electron microscope study in the rat,” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 223, no. 3. Elsevier, pp. 153–156, 1997.' ista: 'Li H, Ohishi H, Kinoshita A, Shigemoto R, Nomura S, Mizuno N. 1997. Localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in axon terminals of presumed nociceptive, primary afferent fibers in the superficial layers of the spinal dorsal horn: An electron microscope study in the rat. Neuroscience Letters. 223(3), 153–156.' mla: 'Li, He, et al. “Localization of a Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor, MGluR7, in Axon Terminals of Presumed Nociceptive, Primary Afferent Fibers in the Superficial Layers of the Spinal Dorsal Horn: An Electron Microscope Study in the Rat.” Neuroscience Letters, vol. 223, no. 3, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 153–56, doi:10.1016/S0304-3940(97)13429-2.' short: H. Li, H. Ohishi, A. Kinoshita, R. Shigemoto, S. Nomura, N. Mizuno, Neuroscience Letters 223 (1997) 153–156. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:28Z date_published: 1997-02-28T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T13:06:30Z day: '28' doi: 10.1016/S0304-3940(97)13429-2 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9080455' intvolume: ' 223' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa_version: None page: 153 - 156 pmid: 1 publication: Neuroscience Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 0304-3940 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4322' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Localization of a metabotropic glutamate receptor, mGluR7, in axon terminals of presumed nociceptive, primary afferent fibers in the superficial layers of the spinal dorsal horn: An electron microscope study in the rat' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 223 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2577' abstract: - lang: eng text: The cloned cDNA for rat prostacyclin synthase was found to contain a 1503-bp open reading frame which encoded a 501-amino acid protein sharing 84% identity with the human enzyme. RNA blot analysis revealed that the rat prostacyclin synthase mRNA, as a single species of 2.1 kb, is expressed abundantly in the aorta and uterus. High levels of expression were also observed in the stomach, lung, heart, testis, liver, and skeletal muscle. Low but significant expression was also seen in the brain and kidney. Furthermore, the regional distribution and cellular localization of prostacyclin synthase mRNA were examined by in situ hybridization analysis of rat tissue sections. The definitive signals for the mRNA were localized in smooth muscle cells of the arteries, bronchi and uterus, and in the cells of the fibrous tunic surrounding the seminiferous tubules, which are characterized as smooth muscle cells. Besides smooth muscle cells, signal were also detected in the fibroblasts of the heart myocardium, lung parenchyma cells and kidney inner medulla tubules and interstitial cells. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Yoshinori full_name: Tone, Yoshinori last_name: Tone - first_name: Hiroyasu full_name: Inoue, Hiroyasu last_name: Inoue - first_name: Shuntaro full_name: Hara, Shuntaro last_name: Hara - first_name: Chieko full_name: Yokoyama, Chieko last_name: Yokoyama - first_name: Toshihisa full_name: Hatae, Toshihisa last_name: Hatae - first_name: Hiroji full_name: Oida, Hiroji last_name: Oida - first_name: Shuh full_name: Narumiya, Shuh last_name: Narumiya - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Susumu full_name: Yukawa, Susumu last_name: Yukawa - first_name: Tadashi full_name: Tanabe, Tadashi last_name: Tanabe citation: ama: Tone Y, Inoue H, Hara S, et al. The regional distribution and cellular localization of mRNA encoding rat prostacyclin synthase. European Journal of Cell Biology. 1997;72(3):268-277. apa: Tone, Y., Inoue, H., Hara, S., Yokoyama, C., Hatae, T., Oida, H., … Tanabe, T. (1997). The regional distribution and cellular localization of mRNA encoding rat prostacyclin synthase. European Journal of Cell Biology. Elsevier. chicago: Tone, Yoshinori, Hiroyasu Inoue, Shuntaro Hara, Chieko Yokoyama, Toshihisa Hatae, Hiroji Oida, Shuh Narumiya, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Susumu Yukawa, and Tadashi Tanabe. “The Regional Distribution and Cellular Localization of MRNA Encoding Rat Prostacyclin Synthase.” European Journal of Cell Biology. Elsevier, 1997. ieee: Y. Tone et al., “The regional distribution and cellular localization of mRNA encoding rat prostacyclin synthase,” European Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 72, no. 3. Elsevier, pp. 268–277, 1997. ista: Tone Y, Inoue H, Hara S, Yokoyama C, Hatae T, Oida H, Narumiya S, Shigemoto R, Yukawa S, Tanabe T. 1997. The regional distribution and cellular localization of mRNA encoding rat prostacyclin synthase. European Journal of Cell Biology. 72(3), 268–277. mla: Tone, Yoshinori, et al. “The Regional Distribution and Cellular Localization of MRNA Encoding Rat Prostacyclin Synthase.” European Journal of Cell Biology, vol. 72, no. 3, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 268–77. short: Y. Tone, H. Inoue, S. Hara, C. Yokoyama, T. Hatae, H. Oida, S. Narumiya, R. Shigemoto, S. Yukawa, T. Tanabe, European Journal of Cell Biology 72 (1997) 268–277. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:29Z date_published: 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T12:50:04Z day: '01' extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9084989 ' intvolume: ' 72' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa_version: None page: 268 - 277 pmid: 1 publication: European Journal of Cell Biology publication_identifier: issn: - 0171-9335 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4321' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The regional distribution and cellular localization of mRNA encoding rat prostacyclin synthase type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 72 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2580' abstract: - lang: eng text: Two group I metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes, mGluR1 and mGluR5, have been reported to occur in highest concentration in an annulus surrounding the edge of the postsynaptic membrane specialisation. In order to determine whether such a distribution is uniform amongst postsynaptic mGluRs, their distribution was compared quantitatively by a pre-embedding silver-intensified immunogold technique at electron microscopic level in hippocampal pyramidal cells (mGluR5), cerebellar Purkinje cells (mGluR1α) and Golgi cells (mGluR2). The results show that mGluR1α, mGluR5 and mGluR2 each have a distinct distribution in relation to the glutamatergic synaptic junctions. On dendritic spines, mGluRlα and mGluR5 showed the highest receptor density in a perisynaptic annulus (defined as within 60 nm of the edge of the synapse) followed by a decreasing extrasynaptic (60-900 nm) receptor level, but the gradient of decrease and the proportion of the perisynaptic pool (mGluR1α, ~ 50%; vs mGluR5, ~ 25%) were different for the two receptors. The distributions of mGluRlα and mGluR5 also differed significantly from simulated random distributions. In contrast, mGluR2 was not closely associated with glutamatergic synapses in the dendritic plasma membrane of cerebellar Golgi cells and its distribution relative to synapses is not different from simulated random distribution in the membrane. The somatic membrane, the axon and the synaptic boutons of the GABAergic Golgi cells also contained immunoreactive mGluR2 that is not associated with synaptic specialisations. In the hippocampal CA1 area the distribution of immunoparticles for mGluR5 on individual spines was established using serial sections. The results indicate that dendritic spines of pyramidal cells are heterogeneous with respect to the ratio of perisynaptic to extrasynaptic mGluR5 pools and about half of the immunopositive spines lack the perisynaptic pool. The quantitative comparison of receptor distributions demonstrates that mGluRlα and mGluR5, but not mGluR2, are highly compartmentalised in different plasma membrane domains. The unique distribution of each mGluR subtype may reflect requirements for different transduction and effector mechanisms between cell types and different domains of the same cell, and suggests that the precise placement of receptors is a crucial factor contributing to neuronal communication. acknowledgement: The authors are grateful to Dr Tibor Szilagyi and Mr Laszlo Marton for advice, helpful discussions, providing the simulations of receptor distribution and the cylindrical approximation of dendritic surface (L.M.). The brain of a mGluR2 deficient mouse was kindly provided by Drs M. Yokoi and S. Nakanishi for testing of the specificity of one of the antibodies. The authors also thank Dr Jeff McIlhinney for critical comments and Dr Zoltan Nusser for help with the statistics, for helpful discussion during the project and for his comments on an earlier version of the manuscript. The technical assistance of Ms Zahida Ahmad and the photographic assistance of Mr Frank Kennedy, Mr Paul Jays and Mr Akira Uesugi are acknowledged. This work was partly supported by grants from the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science, the British Council and the Royal Society. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Rafael full_name: Luján, Rafael last_name: Luján - first_name: John full_name: Roberts, John last_name: Roberts - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Péter full_name: Somogyi, Péter last_name: Somogyi citation: ama: Luján R, Roberts J, Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Somogyi P. Differential plasma membrane distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1α, mGluR2 and mGluR5, relative to neurotransmitter release sites. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. 1997;13(4):219-241. doi:10.1016/S0891-0618(97)00051-3 apa: Luján, R., Roberts, J., Shigemoto, R., Ohishi, H., & Somogyi, P. (1997). Differential plasma membrane distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1α, mGluR2 and mGluR5, relative to neurotransmitter release sites. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-0618(97)00051-3 chicago: Luján, Rafael, John Roberts, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Hitoshi Ohishi, and Péter Somogyi. “Differential Plasma Membrane Distribution of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors MGluR1α, MGluR2 and MGluR5, Relative to Neurotransmitter Release Sites.” Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0891-0618(97)00051-3. ieee: R. Luján, J. Roberts, R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, and P. Somogyi, “Differential plasma membrane distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1α, mGluR2 and mGluR5, relative to neurotransmitter release sites,” Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, vol. 13, no. 4. Elsevier, pp. 219–241, 1997. ista: Luján R, Roberts J, Shigemoto R, Ohishi H, Somogyi P. 1997. Differential plasma membrane distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1α, mGluR2 and mGluR5, relative to neurotransmitter release sites. Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy. 13(4), 219–241. mla: Luján, Rafael, et al. “Differential Plasma Membrane Distribution of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptors MGluR1α, MGluR2 and MGluR5, Relative to Neurotransmitter Release Sites.” Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy, vol. 13, no. 4, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 219–41, doi:10.1016/S0891-0618(97)00051-3. short: R. Luján, J. Roberts, R. Shigemoto, H. Ohishi, P. Somogyi, Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy 13 (1997) 219–241. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:30Z date_published: 1997-10-04T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T12:12:03Z day: '04' doi: 10.1016/S0891-0618(97)00051-3 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9412905' intvolume: ' 13' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa_version: None page: 219 - 241 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Chemical Neuroanatomy publication_identifier: issn: - 0891-0618 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '4318' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Differential plasma membrane distribution of metabotropic glutamate receptors mGluR1α, mGluR2 and mGluR5, relative to neurotransmitter release sites type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 13 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2582' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Neurotransmission in the hippocampus is modulated variously through presynaptic metabotropic glutamate receptors (mGluRs). To establish the precise localization of presynaptic mGluRs in the rat hippocampus, we used subtype-specific antibodies for eight mGluRs (mGluR1-mGluR8) for immunohistochemistry combined with lesioning of the three major hippocampal pathways: the perforant path, mossy fiber, and Schaffer collateral. Immunoreactivity for group II (mGluR2) and group III (mGluR4a, mGluR7a, mGluR7b, and mGluR8) mGluRs was predominantly localized to presynaptic elements, whereas that for group I mGluRs (mGluR1 and mGluR5) was localized to postsynaptic elements. The medial perforant path was strongly immunoreactive for mGluR2 and mGluR7a throughout the hippocampus, and the lateral perforant path was prominently immunoreactive for mGluR8 in the dentate gyrus and CA3 area. The messy fiber was labeled for mGluR2, mGluR7a, and mGluR7b, whereas the Schaffer collateral was labeled only for mGluR7a. Electron microscopy further revealed the spatial segregation of group II and group III mGluRs within presynaptic elements. Immunolabeling for the group III receptors was predominantly observed in presynaptic active zones of asymmetrical and symmetrical synapses, whereas that for the group II receptor (mGluR2) was found in preterminal rather than terminal portions of axons. Target cell-specific segregation of receptors, first reported for mGluR7a (Shigemoto et al., 1996), was also apparent for the other group III mGluRs, suggesting that transmitter release is differentially regulated by 2-amino- 4-phosphonobutyrate-sensitive mGluRs in individual synapses on single axons according to the identity of postsynaptic neurons.' acknowledgement: This work was supported by research grants from the Inamori Foundation and the Ministry of Education, Science, Sports and Culture of Japan. We thank Peter Somogyi for helpful discussion, David Roberts for technical assistance, and Akira Uesugi for photographic assistance. We are grateful to Atsu Aiba, David Hampson, John Roder, and Herman van der Putten for providing us with mGluR1-, mGluR4-, mGluR5-, and mGluR7-deficient mice, respectively, and to Corrado Corti and Francesco Ferraguti for sharing rat mGluR8 cDNA and unpublished results. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Ayae full_name: Kinoshita, Ayae last_name: Kinoshita - first_name: Eiki full_name: Wada, Eiki last_name: Wada - first_name: Sakashi full_name: Nomura, Sakashi last_name: Nomura - first_name: Hitoshi full_name: Ohishi, Hitoshi last_name: Ohishi - first_name: Masahiko full_name: Takada, Masahiko last_name: Takada - first_name: Peter full_name: Flor, Peter last_name: Flor - first_name: Akio full_name: Neki, Akio last_name: Neki - first_name: Takaaki full_name: Abe, Takaaki last_name: Abe - first_name: Shigetada full_name: Nakanishi, Shigetada last_name: Nakanishi - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: Shigemoto R, Kinoshita A, Wada E, et al. Differential presynaptic localization of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience. 1997;17(19):7503-7522. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-19-07503.1997 apa: Shigemoto, R., Kinoshita, A., Wada, E., Nomura, S., Ohishi, H., Takada, M., … Mizuno, N. (1997). Differential presynaptic localization of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience. Society for Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-19-07503.1997 chicago: Shigemoto, Ryuichi, Ayae Kinoshita, Eiki Wada, Sakashi Nomura, Hitoshi Ohishi, Masahiko Takada, Peter Flor, et al. “Differential Presynaptic Localization of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtypes in the Rat Hippocampus.” Journal of Neuroscience. Society for Neuroscience, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-19-07503.1997. ieee: R. Shigemoto et al., “Differential presynaptic localization of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat hippocampus,” Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 19. Society for Neuroscience, pp. 7503–7522, 1997. ista: Shigemoto R, Kinoshita A, Wada E, Nomura S, Ohishi H, Takada M, Flor P, Neki A, Abe T, Nakanishi S, Mizuno N. 1997. Differential presynaptic localization of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience. 17(19), 7503–7522. mla: Shigemoto, Ryuichi, et al. “Differential Presynaptic Localization of Metabotropic Glutamate Receptor Subtypes in the Rat Hippocampus.” Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 19, Society for Neuroscience, 1997, pp. 7503–22, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-19-07503.1997. short: R. Shigemoto, A. Kinoshita, E. Wada, S. Nomura, H. Ohishi, M. Takada, P. Flor, A. Neki, T. Abe, S. Nakanishi, N. Mizuno, Journal of Neuroscience 17 (1997) 7503–7522. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:30Z date_published: 1997-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T11:32:01Z day: '01' doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-19-07503.1997 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9295396' intvolume: ' 17' issue: '19' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6573434/ month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 7503 - 7522 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Neuroscience publication_identifier: issn: - 0270-6474 publication_status: published publisher: Society for Neuroscience publist_id: '4317' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Differential presynaptic localization of metabotropic glutamate receptor subtypes in the rat hippocampus type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2581' abstract: - lang: eng text: It is well known that striatonigral neurons produce substance P (SP); however, no SP receptor (SPR) has so far been found in the substantia nigra. On the other hand, a previous study in the rat striatum indicated that SPR was expressed only in cholinergic or somatostatinergic intrinsic neurons (Kaneko et al. [1993] Brain Res. 631:297-303). Thus, it was assumed that SP produced by striatenigral neurons might be released through their intrastriatal axon collaterals to act upon intrinsic neurons in the striatum. To confirm this assumption, the distribution of axon collaterals of striatonigral neurons was examined in the striatum of the rat. The experiments were performed on brain slices by combining retrograde labeling with tetramethylrhodamine-dextran amine, electrophysiological recording, intracellular staining with biocytin, and immunocytochemistry for SPR. The distribution of axons of cholinergic striatal neurons (a group of SP-negative intrinsic striatal neurons) was also examined. It was observed that 16% of varicosities of intrastriatal axon collaterals of striatonigral neurons, as well as 6% of axonal varicosities of cholinergic neurons, were in close apposition to dendrites and cell bodies of SPB-immunoreactive striatal neurons. Since SPR-immunoreactive striatal neurons constituted only 2.7% of the total population of striatal neurons (Kaneko et al. [1993] Brain Res. 631:297-303), it appeared that axonal varicosities of striatonigral neurons were preferentially apposed to SPR-immunoreactive striatal neurons and that the varicosities in close apposition to SPR-immunoreactive neurons were derived more frequently from striatonigral neurons than from cholinergic interneurons. Confocal laser scanning microscopy indicated that axonal varicosities in close apposition to SPR-immunoreactive cells showed synaptophysin immunoreactivity, a marker of synaptic vesicles. In intrastriatal axons of striatonigral neurons, it was further revealed from electron microscopy that axonal varicosities in close apposition to SPR- immunoreactive dendrites, at least a part of them, made synapses of the symmetric type. Striatonigral neurons might release SP preferentially around cholinergic or somatostatinergic intrinsic neurons to regulate them through SP-SPR interactions. acknowledgement: The authors are grateful for the photographic help of Mr.A. Uesugi. We also express our gratitude for the support ofDrs. Satoru Fukuchi, Ritsu Hayashi, Sohzaburo Hayashi,Mizuho Katsurada, Hitoshi Kawai, Yutaka Kitani, Toshi-hiko Kuroda, Keiko Kumagai, Hiroshi Matsubara, HiroshiMatsushima, Chisato Minakuchi, Gonpei Niwa, HajimeOda, Masahiko Ohbayashi, Sei-ichi Ohbayashi, Hiroyasu Ohtsuka, Shigeo Tamaki, Eizo Watanabe, Kazuo Yoshino,and Toshiaki Yoshino. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Teffy full_name: Lee, Teffy last_name: Lee - first_name: Takeshi full_name: Kaneko, Takeshi last_name: Kaneko - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Sakashi full_name: Nomura, Sakashi last_name: Nomura - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno citation: ama: Lee T, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Nomura S, Mizuno N. Collateral projections from striatonigral neurons to substance P receptor-expressing intrinsic neurons in the striatum of the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 1997;388(2):250-264. doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19971117)388:2&lt;250::AID-CNE5&gt;3.0.CO;2-0 apa: Lee, T., Kaneko, T., Shigemoto, R., Nomura, S., & Mizuno, N. (1997). Collateral projections from striatonigral neurons to substance P receptor-expressing intrinsic neurons in the striatum of the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19971117)388:2&lt;250::AID-CNE5&gt;3.0.CO;2-0 chicago: Lee, Teffy, Takeshi Kaneko, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Sakashi Nomura, and Noboru Mizuno. “Collateral Projections from Striatonigral Neurons to Substance P Receptor-Expressing Intrinsic Neurons in the Striatum of the Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19971117)388:2&lt;250::AID-CNE5&gt;3.0.CO;2-0. ieee: T. Lee, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, S. Nomura, and N. Mizuno, “Collateral projections from striatonigral neurons to substance P receptor-expressing intrinsic neurons in the striatum of the rat,” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 388, no. 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 250–264, 1997. ista: Lee T, Kaneko T, Shigemoto R, Nomura S, Mizuno N. 1997. Collateral projections from striatonigral neurons to substance P receptor-expressing intrinsic neurons in the striatum of the rat. Journal of Comparative Neurology. 388(2), 250–264. mla: Lee, Teffy, et al. “Collateral Projections from Striatonigral Neurons to Substance P Receptor-Expressing Intrinsic Neurons in the Striatum of the Rat.” Journal of Comparative Neurology, vol. 388, no. 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 250–64, doi:10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19971117)388:2&lt;250::AID-CNE5&gt;3.0.CO;2-0. short: T. Lee, T. Kaneko, R. Shigemoto, S. Nomura, N. Mizuno, Journal of Comparative Neurology 388 (1997) 250–264. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:30Z date_published: 1997-11-17T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T10:03:38Z day: '17' doi: 10.1002/(SICI)1096-9861(19971117)388:2<250::AID-CNE5>3.0.CO;2-0 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9368840' intvolume: ' 388' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa_version: None page: 250 - 264 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Comparative Neurology publication_identifier: issn: - 0021-9967 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '4316' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Collateral projections from striatonigral neurons to substance P receptor-expressing intrinsic neurons in the striatum of the rat type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 388 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2579' abstract: - lang: eng text: The localisation of the neurokinin 3 receptor (NK3r) in the rat gastrointestinal tract has been studied by using a polyclonal antiserum against the C-terminal portion (amino acids 388-452) of the rat NK3r. In the oesophagus, immunoreactivity for the NK3r was found on smooth muscle cells of the muscularis mucosae. NK3r immunoreactivity was not present on muscle cells of other regions. Nerve cell bodies immunoreactive for NK3r were seen in the myenteric and submucous plexuses of the small and large intestine, but not in the stomach or oesophagus. Immunoreactivity was largely confined to nerve cell surfaces. The reaction product was on the cell soma and initial parts of axons. Reactivity was not seen on nerve terminals. Immunoreactive nerve cells had Dogiel Type II morphology. Patterns of co-localisation of NK3r and immunoreactivity for other markers were examined in the ileum, to provide a basis from which to deduce the functional identity of NK3r-immunoreactive nerve cells. Most of the NK3r-immunoreactive nerve cells were also immunoreactive for the calcium-binding proteins, calretinin and calbindin, and all were immunoreactive for the NK1 receptor (NK1r). Nerve cells that were immunoreactive for nitric oxide synthase were not immunoreactive for either NK3r or NK1r. The projections of the calbindin and calretinin neurons were determined by nerve lesion studies. Their morphology, projections to the mucosa and other ganglia and immunoreactivity for the calcium-binding proteins suggest that the NK3r-immunoreactive neurons are intrinsic sensory neurons. acknowledgement: This work was supported by grants from the National Health and Medical Research Council of Australia and the National Science Foundation of the Peoples Republic of China. Patricia Mann is a holder of a Gastroenterological Society of Australia Post-Graduate Scholarship. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Patricia full_name: Mann, Patricia last_name: Mann - first_name: Bridget full_name: Southwell, Bridget last_name: Southwell - first_name: Yu full_name: Ding, Yu last_name: Ding - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Noboru full_name: Mizuno, Noboru last_name: Mizuno - first_name: John full_name: Furness, John last_name: Furness citation: ama: Mann P, Southwell B, Ding Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Furness J. Localisation of neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor immunoreactivity in the rat gastrointestinal tract. Cell and Tissue Research. 1997;289(1):1-9. doi:10.1007/s004410050846 apa: Mann, P., Southwell, B., Ding, Y., Shigemoto, R., Mizuno, N., & Furness, J. (1997). Localisation of neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor immunoreactivity in the rat gastrointestinal tract. Cell and Tissue Research. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004410050846 chicago: Mann, Patricia, Bridget Southwell, Yu Ding, Ryuichi Shigemoto, Noboru Mizuno, and John Furness. “Localisation of Neurokinin 3 (NK3) Receptor Immunoreactivity in the Rat Gastrointestinal Tract.” Cell and Tissue Research. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s004410050846. ieee: P. Mann, B. Southwell, Y. Ding, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, and J. Furness, “Localisation of neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor immunoreactivity in the rat gastrointestinal tract,” Cell and Tissue Research, vol. 289, no. 1. Springer, pp. 1–9, 1997. ista: Mann P, Southwell B, Ding Y, Shigemoto R, Mizuno N, Furness J. 1997. Localisation of neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor immunoreactivity in the rat gastrointestinal tract. Cell and Tissue Research. 289(1), 1–9. mla: Mann, Patricia, et al. “Localisation of Neurokinin 3 (NK3) Receptor Immunoreactivity in the Rat Gastrointestinal Tract.” Cell and Tissue Research, vol. 289, no. 1, Springer, 1997, pp. 1–9, doi:10.1007/s004410050846. short: P. Mann, B. Southwell, Y. Ding, R. Shigemoto, N. Mizuno, J. Furness, Cell and Tissue Research 289 (1997) 1–9. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:58:29Z date_published: 1997-06-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T12:19:10Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/s004410050846 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9182595' intvolume: ' 289' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa_version: None page: 1 - 9 pmid: 1 publication: Cell and Tissue Research publication_identifier: issn: - 0044-3794 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '4319' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Localisation of neurokinin 3 (NK3) receptor immunoreactivity in the rat gastrointestinal tract type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 289 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2729' abstract: - lang: eng text: We give the leading order semiclassical asymptotics for the sum of the negative eigenvalues of the Pauli operator (in dimension two and three) with a strong non-homogeneous magnetic field. As in [LSY-II] for homogeneous field, this result can be used to prove that the magnetic Thomas-Fermi theory gives the leading order ground state energy of large atoms. We develop a new localization scheme well suited to the anisotropic character of the strong magnetic field. We also use the basic Lieb-Thirring estimate obtained in our companion paper [ES-I]. acknowledgement: L. E. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Forschungsinstitut fur Mathematik, ETH, Zurich, where this work was started. He is also grateful for the hospitality and support of Aarhus University during his visits. The authors wish to thank the referee for the careful reading of the manuscript and the many helpful remarks and suggestions. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: László full_name: Erdös, László id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Erdös orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603 - first_name: Jan full_name: Solovej, Jan last_name: Solovej citation: ama: Erdös L, Solovej J. Semiclassical eigenvalue estimates for the Pauli operator with strong non-homogeneous magnetic fields, II. Leading order asymptotic estimates. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 1997;188(3):599-656. doi:10.1007/s002200050181 apa: Erdös, L., & Solovej, J. (1997). Semiclassical eigenvalue estimates for the Pauli operator with strong non-homogeneous magnetic fields, II. Leading order asymptotic estimates. Communications in Mathematical Physics. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200050181 chicago: Erdös, László, and Jan Solovej. “Semiclassical Eigenvalue Estimates for the Pauli Operator with Strong Non-Homogeneous Magnetic Fields, II. Leading Order Asymptotic Estimates.” Communications in Mathematical Physics. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s002200050181. ieee: L. Erdös and J. Solovej, “Semiclassical eigenvalue estimates for the Pauli operator with strong non-homogeneous magnetic fields, II. Leading order asymptotic estimates,” Communications in Mathematical Physics, vol. 188, no. 3. Springer, pp. 599–656, 1997. ista: Erdös L, Solovej J. 1997. Semiclassical eigenvalue estimates for the Pauli operator with strong non-homogeneous magnetic fields, II. Leading order asymptotic estimates. Communications in Mathematical Physics. 188(3), 599–656. mla: Erdös, László, and Jan Solovej. “Semiclassical Eigenvalue Estimates for the Pauli Operator with Strong Non-Homogeneous Magnetic Fields, II. Leading Order Asymptotic Estimates.” Communications in Mathematical Physics, vol. 188, no. 3, Springer, 1997, pp. 599–656, doi:10.1007/s002200050181. short: L. Erdös, J. Solovej, Communications in Mathematical Physics 188 (1997) 599–656. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:59:18Z date_published: 1997-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T09:25:09Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/s002200050181 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 188' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa_version: None page: 599 - 656 publication: Communications in Mathematical Physics publication_identifier: issn: - 0010-3616 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '4164' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Semiclassical eigenvalue estimates for the Pauli operator with strong non-homogeneous magnetic fields, II. Leading order asymptotic estimates type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 188 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '2727' abstract: - lang: eng text: Diamagnetism of the magnetic Schrödinger operator and paramagnetism of the Pauli operator are rigorously proven for nonhomogeneous magnetic fields in the large field, in the large temperature and in the semiclassical asymptotic regimes. New counterexamples are presented which show that neither dia-nor paramagnetism is true in a robust sense (without asymptotics). In particular, we demonstrate that the recent diamagnetic comparison result by Loss and Thaller [M. Loss and B. Thaller, Commun. Math. Phys. (submitted)] is essentially the best one can hope for. acknowledgement: This work was started in the stimulating environment and with the financial support of the PCMI Summer School on Probability Theory ~IAS Princeton, 1996!. The author also expresses his gratitude to M. Loss and B. Thaller for explaining their paper to him. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: László full_name: Erdös, László id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Erdös orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603 citation: ama: Erdös L. Dia- and paramagnetism for nonhomogeneous magnetic fields. Journal of Mathematical Physics. 1997;38(3):1289-1317. doi:10.1063/1.531909 apa: Erdös, L. (1997). Dia- and paramagnetism for nonhomogeneous magnetic fields. Journal of Mathematical Physics. American Institute of Physics. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.531909 chicago: Erdös, László. “Dia- and Paramagnetism for Nonhomogeneous Magnetic Fields.” Journal of Mathematical Physics. American Institute of Physics, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1063/1.531909. ieee: L. Erdös, “Dia- and paramagnetism for nonhomogeneous magnetic fields,” Journal of Mathematical Physics, vol. 38, no. 3. American Institute of Physics, pp. 1289–1317, 1997. ista: Erdös L. 1997. Dia- and paramagnetism for nonhomogeneous magnetic fields. Journal of Mathematical Physics. 38(3), 1289–1317. mla: Erdös, László. “Dia- and Paramagnetism for Nonhomogeneous Magnetic Fields.” Journal of Mathematical Physics, vol. 38, no. 3, American Institute of Physics, 1997, pp. 1289–317, doi:10.1063/1.531909. short: L. Erdös, Journal of Mathematical Physics 38 (1997) 1289–1317. date_created: 2018-12-11T11:59:17Z date_published: 1997-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T09:48:50Z day: '01' doi: 10.1063/1.531909 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 38' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa_version: None page: 1289 - 1317 publication: Journal of Mathematical Physics publication_identifier: issn: - 0022-2488 publication_status: published publisher: American Institute of Physics publist_id: '4165' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Dia- and paramagnetism for nonhomogeneous magnetic fields type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 38 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3632' abstract: - lang: eng text: An important but controversial class of hypotheses concerning the evolution of female preferences for extreme male mating displays involves 'indirect selection.' Even in the absence of direct fitness effects, preference for males with high overall fitness can spread via a genetic correlation that develops between preference alleles and high fitness genotypes. Here we develop a quantitative expression for the force of indirect selection that (i) applies to any female mating behavior, (ii) is relatively insensitive to the underlying genetics, and (iii) is based on measurable quantities. In conjunction with the limited data now available, it suggests that the evolutionary force generated by indirect selection on preferences is weak in absolute terms. This finding raises the possibility that direct selection on preference genes may often be more important than indirect selection, but more data on the quantities identified by our model and on direct selection are needed to decide the question. acknowledgement: We thank J. J. Bull, M. J. Ryan, M. Wade, B. Walsh, G. C. Williams, and an anonymous reviewer for discussions and suggestions. This research was supported by National Science Foundation Grant DEB94 – 07969, Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council Grants GRyHy09928 and GRyJy76057, and a travel grant from the Burroughs-Wellcome Fund. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Mark full_name: Kirkpatrick, Mark last_name: Kirkpatrick - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Kirkpatrick M, Barton NH. The strength of indirect selection on female mating preferences. PNAS. 1997;94(4):1282-1286. doi:10.1073/pnas.94.4.1282 apa: Kirkpatrick, M., & Barton, N. H. (1997). The strength of indirect selection on female mating preferences. PNAS. National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.4.1282 chicago: Kirkpatrick, Mark, and Nicholas H Barton. “The Strength of Indirect Selection on Female Mating Preferences.” PNAS. National Academy of Sciences, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.94.4.1282. ieee: M. Kirkpatrick and N. H. Barton, “The strength of indirect selection on female mating preferences,” PNAS, vol. 94, no. 4. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 1282–1286, 1997. ista: Kirkpatrick M, Barton NH. 1997. The strength of indirect selection on female mating preferences. PNAS. 94(4), 1282–1286. mla: Kirkpatrick, Mark, and Nicholas H. Barton. “The Strength of Indirect Selection on Female Mating Preferences.” PNAS, vol. 94, no. 4, National Academy of Sciences, 1997, pp. 1282–86, doi:10.1073/pnas.94.4.1282. short: M. Kirkpatrick, N.H. Barton, PNAS 94 (1997) 1282–1286. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:21Z date_published: 1997-02-18T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T09:25:21Z day: '18' doi: 10.1073/pnas.94.4.1282 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9037044 ' intvolume: ' 94' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://europepmc.org/article/med/9037044 month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1282 - 1286 pmid: 1 publication: PNAS publication_identifier: issn: - 0027-8424 publication_status: published publisher: National Academy of Sciences publist_id: '2751' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The strength of indirect selection on female mating preferences type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 94 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3633' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Gene flow from the center of a species'' range can stymie adaptation at the periphery and prevent the range from expanding outward. We study this process using simple models that track both demography and the evolution of a quantitative trait in a population that is continuously distributed in space. Stabilizing selection acts on the trait and favors an optimum phenotype that changes linearly across the habitat. One of three outcomes is possible: the species will become extinct, expand to fill all of the available habitat, or be confined to a limited range in which it is significantly adapted to allow population growth. When the environment changes rapidly in space, increased migration inhibits local adaptation and so decreases the species'' total population size. Gene flow can cause enough maladaptation that the peripheral half of a species'' range acts as an demographic sink. The trait''s genetic variance has little effect on species persistence or the size of the range when gene flow is sufficiently strong to keep population densities far below the carrying capacity throughout the range, but it can increase the range width and population size of an abundant species. Under some conditions, a small parameter change can dramatically shift the balance between gene flow and local adaptation, allowing a species with a limited range to suddenly expand to fill all the available habitat.' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Mark full_name: Kirkpatrick, Mark last_name: Kirkpatrick - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Kirkpatrick M, Barton NH. Evolution of a species’ range. American Naturalist. 1997;150(1):1-23. doi:10.1086/286054 apa: Kirkpatrick, M., & Barton, N. H. (1997). Evolution of a species’ range. American Naturalist. University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.1086/286054 chicago: Kirkpatrick, Mark, and Nicholas H Barton. “Evolution of a Species’ Range.” American Naturalist. University of Chicago Press, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1086/286054. ieee: M. Kirkpatrick and N. H. Barton, “Evolution of a species’ range,” American Naturalist, vol. 150, no. 1. University of Chicago Press, pp. 1–23, 1997. ista: Kirkpatrick M, Barton NH. 1997. Evolution of a species’ range. American Naturalist. 150(1), 1–23. mla: Kirkpatrick, Mark, and Nicholas H. Barton. “Evolution of a Species’ Range.” American Naturalist, vol. 150, no. 1, University of Chicago Press, 1997, pp. 1–23, doi:10.1086/286054. short: M. Kirkpatrick, N.H. Barton, American Naturalist 150 (1997) 1–23. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:21Z date_published: 1997-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T08:38:36Z day: '01' doi: 10.1086/286054 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '18811273' intvolume: ' 150' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa_version: None page: 1 - 23 pmid: 1 publication: American Naturalist publication_identifier: issn: - 0003-0147 publication_status: published publisher: University of Chicago Press publist_id: '2750' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Evolution of a species' range type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 150 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4022' abstract: - lang: eng text: A halving hyperplane of a set S of n points in R(d) contains d affinely independent points of S so that equally many of the points off the hyperplane lie in each of the two half-spaces. We prove bounds on the number of halving hyperplanes under the condition that the ratio of largest over smallest distance between any two points is at most delta n(1/d), delta some constant. Such a set S is called dense. In d = 2 dimensions the number of halving lines for a dense set can be as much as Omega(n log n), and it cannot exceed O (n(5/4)/log* n). The upper bound improves over the current best bound of O (n(3/2)/log* n) which holds more generally without any density assumption. In d = 3 dimensions we show that O (n(7/3)) is an upper bound on the number of halving planes for a dense set, The proof is based on a metric argument that can be extended to d greater than or equal to 4 dimensions, where it leads to O (n(d-2/d)) as an upper bound for the number of halving hyperplanes. acknowledgement: Partially supported by the National Science Foundation, under Grant ASC-9200301 and the Alan T. Waterman award, Grant CCR-9118874. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Herbert full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Edelsbrunner orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833 - first_name: Pavel full_name: Valtr, Pavel last_name: Valtr - first_name: Emo full_name: Welzl, Emo last_name: Welzl citation: ama: Edelsbrunner H, Valtr P, Welzl E. Cutting dense point sets in half. Discrete & Computational Geometry. 1997;17(3):243-255. doi:10.1007/PL00009291 apa: Edelsbrunner, H., Valtr, P., & Welzl, E. (1997). Cutting dense point sets in half. Discrete & Computational Geometry. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00009291 chicago: Edelsbrunner, Herbert, Pavel Valtr, and Emo Welzl. “Cutting Dense Point Sets in Half.” Discrete & Computational Geometry. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00009291. ieee: H. Edelsbrunner, P. Valtr, and E. Welzl, “Cutting dense point sets in half,” Discrete & Computational Geometry, vol. 17, no. 3. Springer, pp. 243–255, 1997. ista: Edelsbrunner H, Valtr P, Welzl E. 1997. Cutting dense point sets in half. Discrete & Computational Geometry. 17(3), 243–255. mla: Edelsbrunner, Herbert, et al. “Cutting Dense Point Sets in Half.” Discrete & Computational Geometry, vol. 17, no. 3, Springer, 1997, pp. 243–55, doi:10.1007/PL00009291. short: H. Edelsbrunner, P. Valtr, E. Welzl, Discrete & Computational Geometry 17 (1997) 243–255. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:29Z date_published: 1997-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T14:08:38Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/PL00009291 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 17' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa_version: None page: 243 - 255 publication: Discrete & Computational Geometry publication_identifier: issn: - 0179-5376 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '2103' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Cutting dense point sets in half type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4021' abstract: - lang: eng text: A homeomorphism from R-2 to itself distorts metric quantities, such as distance and area. We describe an algorithm that constructs homeomorphisms with prescribed area distortion. Such homeomorphisms can be used to generate cartograms, which are geographic maps purposely distorted so their area distributions reflects a variable different from area, as for example population density. The algorithm generates the homeomorphism through a sequence of local piecewise linear homeomorphic changes. Sample results produced by the preliminary implementation of the method are included. acknowledgement: 'The authors thank Jack Snoeyink for bringing the cartogram problem to their attention, and Michael McAllister for providing pointers to the literature on cartograms. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Herbert full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Edelsbrunner orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833 - first_name: Roman full_name: Waupotitsch, Roman last_name: Waupotitsch citation: ama: 'Edelsbrunner H, Waupotitsch R. A combinatorial approach to cartograms. Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications. 1997;7(5-6):343-360. doi:10.1016/S0925-7721(96)00006-5' apa: 'Edelsbrunner, H., & Waupotitsch, R. (1997). A combinatorial approach to cartograms. Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-7721(96)00006-5' chicago: 'Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Roman Waupotitsch. “A Combinatorial Approach to Cartograms.” Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0925-7721(96)00006-5.' ieee: 'H. Edelsbrunner and R. Waupotitsch, “A combinatorial approach to cartograms,” Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications, vol. 7, no. 5–6. Elsevier, pp. 343–360, 1997.' ista: 'Edelsbrunner H, Waupotitsch R. 1997. A combinatorial approach to cartograms. Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications. 7(5–6), 343–360.' mla: 'Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Roman Waupotitsch. “A Combinatorial Approach to Cartograms.” Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications, vol. 7, no. 5–6, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 343–60, doi:10.1016/S0925-7721(96)00006-5.' short: 'H. Edelsbrunner, R. Waupotitsch, Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications 7 (1997) 343–360.' date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:29Z date_published: 1997-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T08:12:03Z day: '01' doi: 10.1016/S0925-7721(96)00006-5 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 7' issue: 5-6 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0925772196000065 month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 343 - 360 popular_science: '1' publication: 'Computational Geometry: Theory and Applications' publication_identifier: issn: - 0925-7721 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '2105' status: public title: A combinatorial approach to cartograms type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 7 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4023' abstract: - lang: eng text: Let B be a finite pseudodisk collection in the plane. By the principle of inclusion-exclusion, the area or any other measure of the union is [GRAPHICS] We show the existence of a two-dimensional abstract simplicial complex, X subset of or equal to 2(B), so the above relation holds even if X is substituted for 2(B). In addition, X can be embedded in R(2) SO its underlying space is homotopy equivalent to int Boolean OR B, and the frontier of X is isomorphic to the nerve of the set of boundary contributions. acknowledgement: Supported by the National Science Foundation, under Grant ASC-9200301 and the Alan T. Waterman Award CCR-9118874. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Herbert full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Edelsbrunner orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833 - first_name: Edgar full_name: Ramos, Edgar last_name: Ramos citation: ama: Edelsbrunner H, Ramos E. Inclusion-exclusion complexes for pseudodisk collections. Discrete & Computational Geometry. 1997;17(3):287-306. doi:10.1007/PL00009295 apa: Edelsbrunner, H., & Ramos, E. (1997). Inclusion-exclusion complexes for pseudodisk collections. Discrete & Computational Geometry. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00009295 chicago: Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Edgar Ramos. “Inclusion-Exclusion Complexes for Pseudodisk Collections.” Discrete & Computational Geometry. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/PL00009295. ieee: H. Edelsbrunner and E. Ramos, “Inclusion-exclusion complexes for pseudodisk collections,” Discrete & Computational Geometry, vol. 17, no. 3. Springer, pp. 287–306, 1997. ista: Edelsbrunner H, Ramos E. 1997. Inclusion-exclusion complexes for pseudodisk collections. Discrete & Computational Geometry. 17(3), 287–306. mla: Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Edgar Ramos. “Inclusion-Exclusion Complexes for Pseudodisk Collections.” Discrete & Computational Geometry, vol. 17, no. 3, Springer, 1997, pp. 287–306, doi:10.1007/PL00009295. short: H. Edelsbrunner, E. Ramos, Discrete & Computational Geometry 17 (1997) 287–306. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:30Z date_published: 1997-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T14:39:39Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/PL00009295 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 17' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa_version: None page: 287 - 306 publication: Discrete & Computational Geometry publication_identifier: issn: - 0179-5376 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '2104' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Inclusion-exclusion complexes for pseudodisk collections type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4287' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'We evaluate Sewall Wright''s three-phase "shifting balance" theory of evolution, examining both the theoretical issues and the relevant data from nature and the laboratory. We conclude that while phases I and II of Wright''s theory (the movement of populations from one "adaptive peak" to another via drift and selection) can occur under some conditions, genetic drift is often unnecessary for movement between peaks. Phase III of the shifting balance, in which adaptations spread from particular populations to the entire species, faces two major theoretical obstacles: (1) unlike adaptations favored by simple directional selection, adaptations whose fixation requires some genetic drift are often prevented from spreading by barriers to gene flow; and (2) it is difficult to assemble complex adaptations whose constituent parts arise via peak shifts in different demes. Our review of the data from nature shows that although there is some evidence for individual phases of the shifting balance process, there are few empirical observations explained better by Wright''s three-phase mechanism than by simple mass selection. Similarly, artificial selection experiments fail to show that selection in subdivided populations produces greater response than does mass selection in large populations. The complexity of the shifting balance process and the difficulty of establishing that adaptive valleys have been crossed by genetic drift make it impossible to test Wright''s claim that adaptations commonly originate by this process. In view of these problems, it seems unreasonable to consider the shifting balance process as an important explanation for the evolution of adaptations. ' acknowledgement: 'We thank the following people for discussion and comments on themanuscript: S.Barrett,J. Bull, B.Charlesworth, D.Charlesworth, P. DeVries, S.Gavrilets, J. H.Gillespie, R.K.Grosberg, W.G. Hill, A. A.Hoffmann, M.Kirkpatrick, C.H.Langley, R. C.Lewontin, J.B. Mallet, M. Noor, L.Nunney, H. A. Orr, T. Prout, M.Slatkin, J.Spofford, W.Stephan, J. B. Walsh, P. Ward, K. Weber, J. Willis, and M.Zwick. We are especially grateful to D.J. Futuyma and D.Schemskefor their exhaustive criticism of the manuscript. Needless to say, not all of these reviewers agree with our ideas. This work was supported by National Institutes of Health grant GM50355 to JAC, National Science Foundation grant DEB9527808 to MT, and grants from the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh and the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (GRJI76057,GRIHI09928) to NHB.' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jerry full_name: Coyne, Jerry last_name: Coyne - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Michael full_name: Turelli, Michael last_name: Turelli citation: ama: 'Coyne J, Barton NH, Turelli M. Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 1997;51(3):643-671. doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x' apa: 'Coyne, J., Barton, N. H., & Turelli, M. (1997). Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x' chicago: 'Coyne, Jerry, Nicholas H Barton, and Michael Turelli. “Perspective: A Critique of Sewall Wright’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolutionight’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolution.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x.' ieee: 'J. Coyne, N. H. Barton, and M. Turelli, “Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution,” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 51, no. 3. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 643–671, 1997.' ista: 'Coyne J, Barton NH, Turelli M. 1997. Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright’s shifting balance theory of evolutionight’s shifting balance theory of evolution. Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution. 51(3), 643–671.' mla: 'Coyne, Jerry, et al. “Perspective: A Critique of Sewall Wright’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolutionight’s Shifting Balance Theory of Evolution.” Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution, vol. 51, no. 3, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 643–71, doi:10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x.' short: J. Coyne, N.H. Barton, M. Turelli, Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution 51 (1997) 643–671. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:03Z date_published: 1997-06-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T09:48:43Z day: '01' doi: 10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '28568586' intvolume: ' 51' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1111/j.1558-5646.1997.tb03650.x month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 643 - 671 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution publication_identifier: issn: - 0014-3820 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '1791' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Perspective: A critique of Sewall Wright''s shifting balance theory of evolutionight''s shifting balance theory of evolution' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 51 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4286' abstract: - lang: eng text: A local barrier to gene flow will delay the spread of an advantageous allele. Exact calculations for the deterministic case show that an allele that is favorable when rare is delayed very little even by a strong barrier; its spread is allowed by a time proportional to log((B/σ)√2S)/S, where B is the barrier strength, σ the dispersal range, and fitnesses are 1:1 + S:1 + 2S. However, when there is selection against heterozytes, such that the allele cannot increase from low frequency, a barrier can cause a much greater delay. If gene flow is reduced below a critical value, spread is entirely prevented. Stochastic simulations show that with additive selection, random drift slows down the spread of the allele, below the deterministic speed of σ√2S. The delay to the advance of an advantageous allele caused by a strong barrier can be substantially increased by random drift and increases with B/(2Sρσ2) in a one-dimensional habitat of density ρ. However, with selection against heterozygotes, drift can facilitate the spread and can free an allele that would otherwise be trapped indefinitely by a strong barrier. We discuss the implications of these results for the evolution of chromosome rearrangements. acknowledgement: We are specially grateful to H. C. HAUFFE for allowing us to present her unpublished data. B. NURNBERGER, J. B. SEARLE, H. C. HAUFFE, S. BAIRD, L. KRUUK and two anonymous referees gave constructive comments on the manuscript. The work was supported by the European Union (Human Capital and Mobility Contract No. RB4050PL922765. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jaroslav full_name: Piálek, Jaroslav last_name: Piálek - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Piálek J, Barton NH. The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes. Genetics. 1997;145(2):493-504. doi:10.1093/genetics/145.2.493' apa: 'Piálek, J., & Barton, N. H. (1997). The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes. Genetics. Genetics Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/145.2.493' chicago: 'Piálek, Jaroslav, and Nicholas H Barton. “The Spread of an Advantageous Allele across a Barrier: The Effects of Random Drift and Selection against Heterozygotes.” Genetics. Genetics Society of America, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/145.2.493.' ieee: 'J. Piálek and N. H. Barton, “The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes,” Genetics, vol. 145, no. 2. Genetics Society of America, pp. 493–504, 1997.' ista: 'Piálek J, Barton NH. 1997. The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes. Genetics. 145(2), 493–504.' mla: 'Piálek, Jaroslav, and Nicholas H. Barton. “The Spread of an Advantageous Allele across a Barrier: The Effects of Random Drift and Selection against Heterozygotes.” Genetics, vol. 145, no. 2, Genetics Society of America, 1997, pp. 493–504, doi:10.1093/genetics/145.2.493.' short: J. Piálek, N.H. Barton, Genetics 145 (1997) 493–504. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:03Z date_published: 1997-02-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T12:34:37Z day: '01' doi: 10.1093/genetics/145.2.493 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9071602' intvolume: ' 145' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/145/2/493/6018085 month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 493 - 504 pmid: 1 publication: Genetics publication_identifier: issn: - 0016-6731 publication_status: published publisher: Genetics Society of America publist_id: '1797' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'The spread of an advantageous allele across a barrier: the effects of random drift and selection against heterozygotes' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 145 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4288' abstract: - lang: eng text: We measured the heterozygous effects on net fitness of a sample of 12 wild-type third chromosomes in D. melanogaster. Effects on fitness were assessed by competing the wild-type chromosomes against balancer chromosomes, to prevent the production of recombinants. The measurements were carried out in the population cage environment in which the life history had been evolving, in an undisturbed population with overlapping generations, and replicated measurements were made on each chromosome to control for confounding effects such as mutation accumulation. We found significant variation among the wild type chromosomes in their additive genetic effect on net fitness. The system provides an opportunity to obtain an accurate estimate of the distribution of heterozygous effects on net fitness, the contribution of different fitness components including male mating success, and the role of intra-chromosomal epistasis in fitness variation. acknowledgement: We thank John Sved for helpful discussions in the planningstages of the project, Brian Charlesworth, Alexei Kondrashov, Trudy Mackay and Steve Stearns for commentson the manuscript, SERC, BBSRC, the Darwin Trust andthe Royal Society for Financial support, and Ms N. Goorneyfor technical assistance article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Kevin full_name: Fowler, Kevin last_name: Fowler - first_name: Colin full_name: Semple, Colin last_name: Semple - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Linda full_name: Partridge, Linda last_name: Partridge citation: ama: Fowler K, Semple C, Barton NH, Partridge L. Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 1997;264(1379):191-199. doi:10.1098/rspb.1997.0027 apa: Fowler, K., Semple, C., Barton, N. H., & Partridge, L. (1997). Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. The Royal Society. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0027 chicago: Fowler, Kevin, Colin Semple, Nicholas H Barton, and Linda Partridge. “Genetic Variation for Total Fitness in Drosophila Melanogaster.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. The Royal Society, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1098/rspb.1997.0027. ieee: K. Fowler, C. Semple, N. H. Barton, and L. Partridge, “Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster,” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, vol. 264, no. 1379. The Royal Society, pp. 191–199, 1997. ista: Fowler K, Semple C, Barton NH, Partridge L. 1997. Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster. Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences. 264(1379), 191–199. mla: Fowler, Kevin, et al. “Genetic Variation for Total Fitness in Drosophila Melanogaster.” Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences, vol. 264, no. 1379, The Royal Society, 1997, pp. 191–99, doi:10.1098/rspb.1997.0027. short: K. Fowler, C. Semple, N.H. Barton, L. Partridge, Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences 264 (1997) 191–199. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:03Z date_published: 1997-02-22T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T11:31:58Z day: '22' doi: 10.1098/rspb.1997.0027 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9061969' intvolume: ' 264' issue: '1379' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1688253/ month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 191 - 199 pmid: 1 publication: Proceedings of the Royal Society of London Series B Biological Sciences publication_identifier: issn: - 0962-8452 publication_status: published publisher: The Royal Society publist_id: '1792' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Genetic variation for total fitness in Drosophila melanogaster type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 264 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4293' abstract: - lang: eng text: Natural populations differ from the simplest models in ways which can significantly affect their evolution. Real populations are rarely all of the same size; the rates of migration into and out of populations vary in space and time; some populations go extinct, and new ones are established, while all populations fluctuate in size. Furthermore, the genetic properties of real species are not like those assumed in simple models. Alleles are exposed to a wide variety of selection mutation rarely creates novel genotypes with each mutation event, generations overlap, and environments vary from place to place. Evolution in a metapopulation can be substantially different from the predictions of single-population models and, indeed, very different from the simplest models of subdivided species. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Michael full_name: Whitlock, Michael last_name: Whitlock citation: ama: 'Barton NH, Whitlock M. The evolution of metapopulations. In: Hanski I, Gilpin ME, eds. Metapopulation Biology. Academic Press; 1997:183-210. doi:10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2' apa: Barton, N. H., & Whitlock, M. (1997). The evolution of metapopulations. In I. Hanski & M. E. Gilpin (Eds.), Metapopulation Biology (pp. 183–210). Academic Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2 chicago: Barton, Nicholas H, and Michael Whitlock. “The Evolution of Metapopulations.” In Metapopulation Biology, edited by Illka Hanski and Michael E. Gilpin, 183–210. Academic Press, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2. ieee: N. H. Barton and M. Whitlock, “The evolution of metapopulations,” in Metapopulation Biology, I. Hanski and M. E. Gilpin, Eds. Academic Press, 1997, pp. 183–210. ista: 'Barton NH, Whitlock M. 1997.The evolution of metapopulations. In: Metapopulation Biology. , 183–210.' mla: Barton, Nicholas H., and Michael Whitlock. “The Evolution of Metapopulations.” Metapopulation Biology, edited by Illka Hanski and Michael E. Gilpin, Academic Press, 1997, pp. 183–210, doi:10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2. short: N.H. Barton, M. Whitlock, in:, I. Hanski, M.E. Gilpin (Eds.), Metapopulation Biology, Academic Press, 1997, pp. 183–210. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:05Z date_published: 1997-03-12T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T12:47:42Z day: '12' doi: 10.1016/B978-012323445-2/50012-2 editor: - first_name: Illka full_name: Hanski, Illka last_name: Hanski - first_name: Michael E. full_name: Gilpin, Michael E. last_name: Gilpin extern: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa_version: None page: 183 - 210 publication: Metapopulation Biology publication_identifier: isbn: - '9780123234452' publication_status: published publisher: Academic Press publist_id: '1782' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: The evolution of metapopulations type: book_chapter user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4289' abstract: - lang: eng text: A worldwide survey of polymorphic molecular markers shows that the human population is genetically homogeneous, in close agreement with evidence from quite different genes and traits. article_processing_charge: No article_type: letter_note author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Barton NH. Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity. Current Biology. 1997;7(12):757-758. doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6' apa: 'Barton, N. H. (1997). Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity. Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6' chicago: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “Population Genetics: A New Apportionment of Human Diversity.” Current Biology. Cell Press, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6.' ieee: 'N. H. Barton, “Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity,” Current Biology, vol. 7, no. 12. Cell Press, pp. 757–758, 1997.' ista: 'Barton NH. 1997. Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity. Current Biology. 7(12), 757–758.' mla: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “Population Genetics: A New Apportionment of Human Diversity.” Current Biology, vol. 7, no. 12, Cell Press, 1997, pp. 757–58, doi:10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6.' short: N.H. Barton, Current Biology 7 (1997) 757–758. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:04Z date_published: 1997-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T13:07:08Z day: '01' doi: 10.1016/S0960-9822(06)00397-6 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 7' issue: '12' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0960982206003976?via%3Dihub month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 757 - 758 publication: Current Biology publication_identifier: issn: - 0960-9822 publication_status: published publisher: Cell Press publist_id: '1788' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'Population genetics: A new apportionment of human diversity' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 7 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4291' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Barton NH. The ecological detective: Confronting models with data. Genetical Research. 1997;70(2):180-181.' apa: 'Barton, N. H. (1997). The ecological detective: Confronting models with data. Genetical Research. Cambridge University Press.' chicago: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “The Ecological Detective: Confronting Models with Data.” Genetical Research. Cambridge University Press, 1997.' ieee: 'N. H. Barton, “The ecological detective: Confronting models with data,” Genetical Research, vol. 70, no. 2. Cambridge University Press, pp. 180–181, 1997.' ista: 'Barton NH. 1997. The ecological detective: Confronting models with data. Genetical Research. 70(2), 180–181.' mla: 'Barton, Nicholas H. “The Ecological Detective: Confronting Models with Data.” Genetical Research, vol. 70, no. 2, Cambridge University Press, 1997, pp. 180–81.' short: N.H. Barton, Genetical Research 70 (1997) 180–181. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:04Z date_published: 1997-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T09:36:25Z day: '01' extern: '1' intvolume: ' 70' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - url: https://www.cambridge.org/core/journals/genetics-research/article/ecological-detective-confronting-models-with-data-by-ray-hilborn-and-marc-mangel-princeton-university-press-1997-315xvii-pages-price-3000-cloth-1695-paper-isbn-0-691-03496-6-0-691-03497-4-pbk/AA6FCD668DFFAEF537C2674ECCFC8966 month: '10' oa_version: None page: 180 - 181 publication: Genetical Research publication_identifier: issn: - 0016-6723 publication_status: published publisher: Cambridge University Press publist_id: '1790' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'The ecological detective: Confronting models with data' type: review user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 70 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4290' article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Barton NH. Natural hybridization and evolution. Genetical Research. 1997;70(2):178-180. apa: Barton, N. H. (1997). Natural hybridization and evolution. Genetical Research. Cambridge University Press. chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “Natural Hybridization and Evolution.” Genetical Research. Cambridge University Press, 1997. ieee: N. H. Barton, “Natural hybridization and evolution,” Genetical Research, vol. 70, no. 2. Cambridge University Press, pp. 178–180, 1997. ista: Barton NH. 1997. Natural hybridization and evolution. Genetical Research. 70(2), 178–180. mla: Barton, Nicholas H. “Natural Hybridization and Evolution.” Genetical Research, vol. 70, no. 2, Cambridge University Press, 1997, pp. 178–80. short: N.H. Barton, Genetical Research 70 (1997) 178–180. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:04Z date_published: 1997-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T14:10:20Z day: '01' extern: '1' intvolume: ' 70' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa_version: None page: 178 - 180 publication: Genetical Research publication_identifier: issn: - 0016-6723 publication_status: published publisher: Cambridge University Press publist_id: '1789' status: public title: Natural hybridization and evolution type: review user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 70 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3483' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The main excitatory pathway of the hippocampal formation is controlled by a network of morphologically distinct populations of GABAergic interneurons. Here we describe a novel type of GABAergic interneuron located in the outer molecular layer (OML) of the rat dentate gyrus with a long- range forward projection from the dentate gyrus to the subiculum across the hippocampal fissure, OML interneurons were recorded in hippocampal slices by using the whole-cell patch-clamp configuration. During recording, cells were filled with biocytin for subsequent light and electron microscopic analysis. Neurons projecting to the subiculum were distributed throughout the entire OML. They had round or ovoid somata and a multipolar dendritic morphology. Two axonal domains could be distinguished: an extensive, tangential distribution within the OML and a long-range vertical and tangential projection to layer 1 and stratum pyramidale of the subiculum. Symmetric synaptic contacts were established by these interneurons on dendritic shafts in the OML and subiculum. OML interneurons were characterized physiologically by short action potential duration and marked afterhyperpolarization that followed the spike. On sustained current injection, they generated high- frequency (up to 130 Hz, 34°C) trains of action potentials with only little adaptation. In situ hybridization and single-call RT-PCR analysis for GAD67 mRNA confirmed the GABAergic nature of OML interneurons. GABAergic interneurons in the OML projecting to the subiculum connect the input and output regions of the hippocampus. Hence, they could mediate long-range feed- forward inhibition and may participate in an oscillating cross-regional interneuron network that may synchronize the activity of spatially distributed principal neurons in the dentate gyrus and the subiculum.' acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (SFB 505/A3 and Leibniz program to M.F., SFB 505/C5 to P.J., and DFG 432/3 to H.M.) We thank Drs. H. Scharfman, M. Häusser, and I. Vida for critically reading an earlier version of this manuscript. We are also grateful to B. Joch, S. Nestel, M. Winter, and U. Amtmann for excellent technical assistance. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Katya full_name: Ceranik, Katya last_name: Ceranik - first_name: Roland full_name: Bender, Roland last_name: Bender - first_name: Jörg full_name: Geiger, Jörg last_name: Geiger - first_name: Hannah full_name: Monyer, Hannah last_name: Monyer - first_name: Peter M full_name: Jonas, Peter M id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Jonas orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804 - first_name: Michael full_name: Frotscher, Michael last_name: Frotscher - first_name: Joachim full_name: Lubke, Joachim last_name: Lubke citation: ama: Ceranik K, Bender R, Geiger J, et al. A novel type of GABAergic interneuron connecting the input and the output regions of the hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience. 1997;17(14):5380-5394. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-14-05380.1997 apa: Ceranik, K., Bender, R., Geiger, J., Monyer, H., Jonas, P. M., Frotscher, M., & Lubke, J. (1997). A novel type of GABAergic interneuron connecting the input and the output regions of the hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience. Society for Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-14-05380.1997 chicago: Ceranik, Katya, Roland Bender, Jörg Geiger, Hannah Monyer, Peter M Jonas, Michael Frotscher, and Joachim Lubke. “A Novel Type of GABAergic Interneuron Connecting the Input and the Output Regions of the Hippocampus.” Journal of Neuroscience. Society for Neuroscience, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-14-05380.1997. ieee: K. Ceranik et al., “A novel type of GABAergic interneuron connecting the input and the output regions of the hippocampus.,” Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 14. Society for Neuroscience, pp. 5380–5394, 1997. ista: Ceranik K, Bender R, Geiger J, Monyer H, Jonas PM, Frotscher M, Lubke J. 1997. A novel type of GABAergic interneuron connecting the input and the output regions of the hippocampus. Journal of Neuroscience. 17(14), 5380–5394. mla: Ceranik, Katya, et al. “A Novel Type of GABAergic Interneuron Connecting the Input and the Output Regions of the Hippocampus.” Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 14, Society for Neuroscience, 1997, pp. 5380–94, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-14-05380.1997. short: K. Ceranik, R. Bender, J. Geiger, H. Monyer, P.M. Jonas, M. Frotscher, J. Lubke, Journal of Neuroscience 17 (1997) 5380–5394. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:34Z date_published: 1997-07-15T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T08:18:54Z day: '15' doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-14-05380.1997 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9204922' intvolume: ' 17' issue: '14' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6793821/ month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 5380 - 5394 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Neuroscience publication_identifier: issn: - 0270-6474 publication_status: published publisher: Society for Neuroscience publist_id: '2904' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: A novel type of GABAergic interneuron connecting the input and the output regions of the hippocampus. type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3485' abstract: - lang: eng text: 1. GABAergic interneurones differ from glutamatergic principal neurones in their ability to discharge high-frequency trains of action potentials without adaptation. To examine whether Na+ channel gating contributed to these differences, Na+ currents were recorded in nucleated patches from interneurones (dentate gyrus basket cells, BCs) and principal neurones (CA1 pyramidal cells, PCs) of rat hippocampal slices. 2. The voltage dependence of Na+ channel activation in BCs and PCs was similar. The slope factors of the activation curves, fitted with Boltzmann functions raised to the third power, were 11.5 and 11.8 mV, and the mid-point potentials were -25.1 and -23.9 mV, respectively. 3. Whereas the time course of Na+ channel activation (-30 to +40 mV) was similar, the deactivation kinetics (-100 to -40 mV) were faster in BCs than in PCs (tail current decay time constants, 0.13 and 0.20 ms, respectively, at -40 mV). 4. Na+ channels in BCs and PCs differed in the voltage dependence of inactivation. The slope factors of the steady-state inactivation curves fitted with Boltzmann functions were 6.7 and 10.7 mV, and the mid-point potentials were -58.3 and -62.9 mV, respectively. 5. The onset of Na+ channel inactivation at -55 mV was slower in BC's than in PCs; the inactivation time constants were 18.6 and 9.3 ms, respectively. At more positive potentials the differences in inactivation onset were smaller. 6. The time course of recovery of Na+ channels from inactivation induced by a 30 ms pulse was fast and mono-exponential (τ = 2.0 ms at -120 mV) in BCs, whereas it was slower and biexponential in PCs (τ1 = 2.0 ms and τ2 = 133 ms; amplitude contribution of the slow component, 15%). 7. We conclude that Na+ channels of BCs and PCs differ in gating properties that contribute to the characteristic action potential patterns of the two types of neurones. acknowledgement: We thank Drs J. Bischofberger and J. R. P. Geiger for critically reading the manuscript, Mrs B. Plessow-Freudenberg and K. Zipfel for technical assistance, and Mrs B. Hillers for typing. This work was supported by the German Israeli Foundation grant I 0352–073.01/94 to P. J. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Marco full_name: Martina, Marco last_name: Martina - first_name: Peter M full_name: Jonas, Peter M id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Jonas orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804 citation: ama: Martina M, Jonas PM. Functional differences in Na+ channel gating between fast-spiking interneurones and principal neurones in rat hippocampus. Journal of Physiology. 1997;505(3):593-603. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.593ba.x apa: Martina, M., & Jonas, P. M. (1997). Functional differences in Na+ channel gating between fast-spiking interneurones and principal neurones in rat hippocampus. Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.593ba.x chicago: Martina, Marco, and Peter M Jonas. “Functional Differences in Na+ Channel Gating between Fast-Spiking Interneurones and Principal Neurones in Rat Hippocampus.” Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.593ba.x. ieee: M. Martina and P. M. Jonas, “Functional differences in Na+ channel gating between fast-spiking interneurones and principal neurones in rat hippocampus,” Journal of Physiology, vol. 505, no. 3. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 593–603, 1997. ista: Martina M, Jonas PM. 1997. Functional differences in Na+ channel gating between fast-spiking interneurones and principal neurones in rat hippocampus. Journal of Physiology. 505(3), 593–603. mla: Martina, Marco, and Peter M. Jonas. “Functional Differences in Na+ Channel Gating between Fast-Spiking Interneurones and Principal Neurones in Rat Hippocampus.” Journal of Physiology, vol. 505, no. 3, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 593–603, doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.593ba.x. short: M. Martina, P.M. Jonas, Journal of Physiology 505 (1997) 593–603. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:34Z date_published: 1997-12-15T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T08:25:26Z day: '15' doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.593ba.x extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9457638' intvolume: ' 505' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1160038/ month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 593 - 603 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Physiology publication_identifier: issn: - 0022-3751 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '2902' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Functional differences in Na+ channel gating between fast-spiking interneurones and principal neurones in rat hippocampus type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 505 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3482' abstract: - lang: eng text: AMPA- and NMDA-type glutamate receptors (AMPARs and NMDARs) mediate excitatory synoptic transmission in the basal ganglia and may contribute to excitotoxic injury. We investigated the functional properties of AMPARs and NMDARs expressed by six main types of basal ganglia neurons in acute rat brain slices (principal neurons and cholinergic interneurons of striatum, GABAergic and dopaminergic neurons of substantia nigra, globus pallidus neurons, and subthalamic nucleus neurons) using fast application of glutamate to nucleated and outside-out membrane patches, AMPARs in different types of basal ganglia neurons were functionally distinct. Those expressed in striatal principal neurons exhibited the slowest gating (desensitization time constant τ = 11.5 msec, 1 mM glutamate, 22°C), whereas those in striatal cholinergic interneurons showed the fastest gating (desensitization time constant τ = 3.6 msec). The lowest Ca2+ permeability of AMPARs was observed in nigral dopaminergic neurons (P(CA)/P(NA) = 0.10), whereas the highest Ca2+ permeability was found in subthalamic nucleus neurons (P(Ca)/P(Na) = 1.17). NMDARs of different types of basal ganglia neurons were less variable in their functional properties; those expressed in nigral dopaminergic neurons exhibited the slowest gating (deactivation time constant of predominant fast component τ1 150 msec, 100 μM glutamate), and those of globus pallidus neurons showed the fastest gating (τ1 = 67 msec). The Mg2+ block of NMDARs was similar; the average chord conductance ratio g(+60mv)/g(+40mV) was 0.18-0.22 in 100 μM external Mg2+. Hence, AMPARs expressed in different types of basal ganglia neurons are markedly diverse, whereas NMDARs are less variable in functional properties that are relevant for excitatory synoptic transmission and neuronal vulnerability. acknowledgement: "This work was supported by Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft Grant BE1859 to T.B. and SFB505/C5 to P.J. We thank Mrs. B. Plessow-Freudenberg for help with the immunocytochemistry, Dr. M. Ha¨usser for advice concerning the \r\n reparation of midbrain slices, and Drs. J. Bischofberger, G. B. Landwehrmeyer, and M. Martina for critically reading this manuscript." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Thomas full_name: Götz, Thomas last_name: Götz - first_name: Udo full_name: Kraushaar, Udo last_name: Kraushaar - first_name: Jörg full_name: Geiger, Jörg last_name: Geiger - first_name: Joachim full_name: Lubke, Joachim last_name: Lubke - first_name: Thomas full_name: Berger, Thomas last_name: Berger - first_name: Peter M full_name: Jonas, Peter M id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Jonas orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804 citation: ama: Götz T, Kraushaar U, Geiger J, Lubke J, Berger T, Jonas PM. Functional properties of AMPA and NMDA receptors expressed in identified types of basal ganglia neurons. Journal of Neuroscience. 1997;17(1):204-215. doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-01-00204.1997 apa: Götz, T., Kraushaar, U., Geiger, J., Lubke, J., Berger, T., & Jonas, P. M. (1997). Functional properties of AMPA and NMDA receptors expressed in identified types of basal ganglia neurons. Journal of Neuroscience. Society for Neuroscience. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-01-00204.1997 chicago: Götz, Thomas, Udo Kraushaar, Jörg Geiger, Joachim Lubke, Thomas Berger, and Peter M Jonas. “Functional Properties of AMPA and NMDA Receptors Expressed in Identified Types of Basal Ganglia Neurons.” Journal of Neuroscience. Society for Neuroscience, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-01-00204.1997. ieee: T. Götz, U. Kraushaar, J. Geiger, J. Lubke, T. Berger, and P. M. Jonas, “Functional properties of AMPA and NMDA receptors expressed in identified types of basal ganglia neurons,” Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 1. Society for Neuroscience, pp. 204–215, 1997. ista: Götz T, Kraushaar U, Geiger J, Lubke J, Berger T, Jonas PM. 1997. Functional properties of AMPA and NMDA receptors expressed in identified types of basal ganglia neurons. Journal of Neuroscience. 17(1), 204–215. mla: Götz, Thomas, et al. “Functional Properties of AMPA and NMDA Receptors Expressed in Identified Types of Basal Ganglia Neurons.” Journal of Neuroscience, vol. 17, no. 1, Society for Neuroscience, 1997, pp. 204–15, doi:10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-01-00204.1997. short: T. Götz, U. Kraushaar, J. Geiger, J. Lubke, T. Berger, P.M. Jonas, Journal of Neuroscience 17 (1997) 204–215. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:34Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T08:48:45Z day: '01' doi: 10.1523/JNEUROSCI.17-01-00204.1997 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8987749' intvolume: ' 17' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC6793708/ month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 204 - 215 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Neuroscience publication_identifier: issn: - 0270-6474 publication_status: published publisher: Society for Neuroscience publist_id: '2905' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Functional properties of AMPA and NMDA receptors expressed in identified types of basal ganglia neurons type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3486' abstract: - lang: eng text: 1. Dendritic patch-clamp recordings were obtained from mitral cells in rat olfactory bulb slices, up to 350 μm from the soma. Simultaneous dendritic and somatic whole-cell recordings indicated that action potentials (APs) evoked by somatic or dendritic current injection were initiated near the soma. Both the large amplitude (100.7 ± 1.1 mV) and the short duration (1.38 ± 0.07 ms) of the AP were maintained as the AP propagated back into the primary mitral cell dendrites. 2. Outside-out patches isolated from mitral cell dendrites contained voltage-gated Na+ channels (peak conductance density, 90 pS μm-2 at -10 mV). When an AP was used as a somatic voltage-clamp command in the presence of 1 μM tetrodotoxin (TTX), the amplitude of the dendritic potential was attenuated to 48 ± 14 mV. This shows that dendritic Na+ channels support the active back-propagation of APs. 3. Dendritic patches contained voltage-gated K+ channels with high density (conductance density, 513 pS μm-2 at 30 mV. Dendritic K+ currents were reduced to 35% by 1 mM external tetraethylammonium chloride (TEACl). When an AP was used as a somatic voltage clamp command in the presence of TEACl, the dendritic potential was markedly prolonged. This indicates that dendritic K+ channels mediate the fast repolarization of dendritic APs. 4. We conclude that voltage gated Na+ and K+ channels support dendritic APs with large amplitudes and short durations that may trigger fast transmitter release at dendrodendritic synapses in the olfactory bulb. acknowledgement: We thank Drs J. R. P. Geiger, M. Martina, and D. Schild for critically reading the manuscript, and Mrs B. Plessow-Freudenberg for technical assistance. This work was supported by DFG grant BI 642/1-1 and German Israeli Foundation grant I 0352-073.01/94. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Joseph full_name: Bischofberger, Joseph last_name: Bischofberger - first_name: Peter M full_name: Jonas, Peter M id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Jonas orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804 citation: ama: Bischofberger J, Jonas PM. Action potential propagation into the presynaptic dendrites of rat mitral cells. Journal of Physiology. 1997;504(Pt 2):359-365. doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.359be.x apa: Bischofberger, J., & Jonas, P. M. (1997). Action potential propagation into the presynaptic dendrites of rat mitral cells. Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.359be.x chicago: Bischofberger, Joseph, and Peter M Jonas. “Action Potential Propagation into the Presynaptic Dendrites of Rat Mitral Cells.” Journal of Physiology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.359be.x. ieee: J. Bischofberger and P. M. Jonas, “Action potential propagation into the presynaptic dendrites of rat mitral cells,” Journal of Physiology, vol. 504, no. Pt 2. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 359–365, 1997. ista: Bischofberger J, Jonas PM. 1997. Action potential propagation into the presynaptic dendrites of rat mitral cells. Journal of Physiology. 504(Pt 2), 359–365. mla: Bischofberger, Joseph, and Peter M. Jonas. “Action Potential Propagation into the Presynaptic Dendrites of Rat Mitral Cells.” Journal of Physiology, vol. 504, no. Pt 2, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 359–65, doi:10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.359be.x. short: J. Bischofberger, P.M. Jonas, Journal of Physiology 504 (1997) 359–365. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:35Z date_published: 1997-10-15T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T12:02:21Z day: '15' doi: 10.1111/j.1469-7793.1997.359be.x extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9365910' intvolume: ' 504' issue: Pt 2 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC1159916/ month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 359 - 365 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Physiology publication_identifier: issn: - 0022-3751 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '2901' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Action potential propagation into the presynaptic dendrites of rat mitral cells type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 504 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3484' abstract: - lang: eng text: Glutamatergic transmission at a principal neuroninterneuron synapse was investigated by dual whole-cell patch-clamp recording in rat hippocampal slices combined with morphological analysis. Evoked EPSPs with rapid time course (half duration ≃ 4 ms; 34°C) were generated at multiple synaptic contacts established on the interneuron dendrites close to the soma. The underlying postsynaptic conductance change showed a submillisecond rise and decay, due to the precise timing of glutamate release and the rapid deactivation of the postsynaptic AMPA receptors. Simulations based on a compartmental model of the interneuron indicated that the rapid postsynaptic conductance change determines the shape and the somatodendritic integration of EPSPs, thus enabling interneurons to detect synchronous principal neuron activity. acknowledgement: We thank Drs. J. Bischofberger, M. Ha¨usser, and I. Vida for critically T.F. reading the manuscript; S. Nestel, B. Joch, M. Winter, B. Freudenberg, and K. Zipfel for excellent technical assistance; and B. Hillers Hestrin, S. for typing. Supported by the DFG (SFB 505/C5 to P. J. and Leibniz program to M. F.) article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jörg full_name: Geiger, Jörg last_name: Geiger - first_name: Joachim full_name: Lubke, Joachim last_name: Lubke - first_name: Arnd full_name: Roth, Arnd last_name: Roth - first_name: Michael full_name: Frotscher, Michael last_name: Frotscher - first_name: Peter M full_name: Jonas, Peter M id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Jonas orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804 citation: ama: Geiger J, Lubke J, Roth A, Frotscher M, Jonas PM. Submillisecond AMPA receptor-mediated signaling at a principal neuron-interneuron synapse. Neuron. 1997;18(6):1009-1023. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80339-6 apa: Geiger, J., Lubke, J., Roth, A., Frotscher, M., & Jonas, P. M. (1997). Submillisecond AMPA receptor-mediated signaling at a principal neuron-interneuron synapse. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80339-6 chicago: Geiger, Jörg, Joachim Lubke, Arnd Roth, Michael Frotscher, and Peter M Jonas. “Submillisecond AMPA Receptor-Mediated Signaling at a Principal Neuron-Interneuron Synapse.” Neuron. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80339-6. ieee: J. Geiger, J. Lubke, A. Roth, M. Frotscher, and P. M. Jonas, “Submillisecond AMPA receptor-mediated signaling at a principal neuron-interneuron synapse,” Neuron, vol. 18, no. 6. Elsevier, pp. 1009–1023, 1997. ista: Geiger J, Lubke J, Roth A, Frotscher M, Jonas PM. 1997. Submillisecond AMPA receptor-mediated signaling at a principal neuron-interneuron synapse. Neuron. 18(6), 1009–1023. mla: Geiger, Jörg, et al. “Submillisecond AMPA Receptor-Mediated Signaling at a Principal Neuron-Interneuron Synapse.” Neuron, vol. 18, no. 6, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 1009–23, doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80339-6. short: J. Geiger, J. Lubke, A. Roth, M. Frotscher, P.M. Jonas, Neuron 18 (1997) 1009–1023. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:34Z date_published: 1997-06-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-22T08:41:54Z day: '01' doi: 10.1016/S0896-6273(00)80339-6 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9208867 ' intvolume: ' 18' issue: '6' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627300803396?via%3Dihub month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: None page: 1009 - 1023 pmid: 1 publication: Neuron publication_identifier: issn: - 0896-6273 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '2903' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Submillisecond AMPA receptor-mediated signaling at a principal neuron-interneuron synapse type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 18 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3541' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The contribution of the various hippocampal regions to the maintenance of epileptic activity, induced by stimulation of the perforant path or commissural system, was examined in the awake rat. Combination of multiple-site recordings with silicon probes, current source density analysis and unit recordings allowed for a high spatial resolution of the field events. Following perforant path stimulation, seizures began in the dentate gyrus, followed by events in the CA3-CA1 regions. After commissural stimulation, rhythmic bursts in the CA3-CA1 circuitry preceded the activation of the dentate gyrus. Correlation of events in the different subregions indicated that the sustained rhythmic afterdischarge (2-6 Hz) could not be explained by a cycle-by-cycle excitation of principal cell populations in the hippocampal-entorhinal loop. The primary afterdischarge always terminated in the CA1 region, followed by the dentate gyrus, CA3 region and the entorhinal cortex. The duration and pattern of the hippocampal afterdischarge was essentially unaffected by removal of the entorhinal cortex. The emergence of large population spike bursts coincided with a decreased discharge of interneurons in both CAI and hilar regions. The majority of hilar interneurons displayed a strong amplitude decrement prior to the onset of population spike phase of the afterdischarge. These findings suggest that (i) afterdischarges can independently arise in the CA3-CA1 and entorhinal-dentate gyrus circuitries, (ii) reverberation of excitation in the hippocampal-entorhinal loop is not critical for the maintenance of afterdischarges and (iii) decreased activity of the interneuronal network may release population bursting of principal cells. ' acknowledgement: We thank K. Wise and J. Hetke for providing us the silicon probes, J. J. Chrobak, S. L-W. Leung, G. G. Somjen and R. D. Traub for their comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by NINDS (NS34994; 1P41RR09754; NS33310) and the Whitehall Foundation. M. Penttonen was a visiting scholar at Rutgers University, supported by the Finnish Academy of Sciences and the A. I. Virtanen Institute. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Anatol full_name: Bragin, Anatol last_name: Bragin - first_name: Jozsef L full_name: Csicsvari, Jozsef L id: 3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Csicsvari orcid: 0000-0002-5193-4036 - first_name: Markku full_name: Penttonen, Markku last_name: Penttonen - first_name: György full_name: Buzsáki, György last_name: Buzsáki citation: ama: 'Bragin A, Csicsvari JL, Penttonen M, Buzsáki G. Epileptic afterdischarge in the hippocampal-entorhinal system: Current source density and unit studies. Neuroscience. 1997;76(4):1187-1203. doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(96)00446-0' apa: 'Bragin, A., Csicsvari, J. L., Penttonen, M., & Buzsáki, G. (1997). Epileptic afterdischarge in the hippocampal-entorhinal system: Current source density and unit studies. Neuroscience. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(96)00446-0' chicago: 'Bragin, Anatol, Jozsef L Csicsvari, Markku Penttonen, and György Buzsáki. “Epileptic Afterdischarge in the Hippocampal-Entorhinal System: Current Source Density and Unit Studies.” Neuroscience. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0306-4522(96)00446-0.' ieee: 'A. Bragin, J. L. Csicsvari, M. Penttonen, and G. Buzsáki, “Epileptic afterdischarge in the hippocampal-entorhinal system: Current source density and unit studies,” Neuroscience, vol. 76, no. 4. Elsevier, pp. 1187–1203, 1997.' ista: 'Bragin A, Csicsvari JL, Penttonen M, Buzsáki G. 1997. Epileptic afterdischarge in the hippocampal-entorhinal system: Current source density and unit studies. Neuroscience. 76(4), 1187–1203.' mla: 'Bragin, Anatol, et al. “Epileptic Afterdischarge in the Hippocampal-Entorhinal System: Current Source Density and Unit Studies.” Neuroscience, vol. 76, no. 4, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 1187–203, doi:10.1016/S0306-4522(96)00446-0.' short: A. Bragin, J.L. Csicsvari, M. Penttonen, G. Buzsáki, Neuroscience 76 (1997) 1187–1203. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:03:52Z date_published: 1997-01-15T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T11:53:06Z day: '15' doi: 10.1016/S0306-4522(96)00446-0 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9027878' intvolume: ' 76' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 1187 - 1203 pmid: 1 publication: Neuroscience publication_identifier: issn: - 0306-4522 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '2844' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'Epileptic afterdischarge in the hippocampal-entorhinal system: Current source density and unit studies' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 76 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3630' abstract: - lang: eng text: This paper derives the long-term effective size, Ne, for a general model of population subdivision, allowing for differential deme fitness, variable emigration and immigration rates, extinction, colonization, and correlations across generations in these processes. We show that various long-term measures of Ne are equivalent. The effective size of a metapopulation can be expressed in a variety of ways. At a demographic equilibrium, Ne can be derived from the demography by combining information about the ultimate contribution of each deme to the future genetic make-up of the population and Wright's FST's. The effective size is given by Ne = 1/(1 + var (upsilon) ((1 - FST)/Nin), where n is the number of demes, theta i is the eventual contribution of individuals in deme i to the whole population (scaled such that sigma theta i = n), and < > denotes an average weighted by theta i. This formula is applied to a catastrophic extinction model (where sites are either empty or at carrying capacity) and to a metapopulation model with explicit dynamics, where extinction is caused by demographic stochasticity and by chaos. Contrary to the expectation from the standard island model, the usual effect of population subdivision is to decrease the effective size relative to a panmictic population living on the same resource. acknowledgement: This paper has benefited greatly from the kind efforts oF ARMANDO CABALLERO, PETER KEIGHTLEY, BEATE NÜRNBERCER and SALLY OTTO in reading and discussing the manuscript. We also thank MONTY SLATKIN and three anonymous reviewers for their helpful comments. One of these reviewers in particular greatly improved this paper. The work reported here was supported by a grant from the Science and Engineering Research Council (U.R) and the Darwin Trust of Edinburgh, as well as by the Natural Sciences and Engineering Research Council (Canada). article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Michael full_name: Whitlock, Michael last_name: Whitlock - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: Whitlock M, Barton NH. The effective size of a subdivided population. Genetics. 1997;146(1):427-441. doi:10.1093/genetics/146.1.427 apa: Whitlock, M., & Barton, N. H. (1997). The effective size of a subdivided population. Genetics. Genetics Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/146.1.427 chicago: Whitlock, Michael, and Nicholas H Barton. “The Effective Size of a Subdivided Population.” Genetics. Genetics Society of America, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/146.1.427. ieee: M. Whitlock and N. H. Barton, “The effective size of a subdivided population,” Genetics, vol. 146, no. 1. Genetics Society of America, pp. 427–441, 1997. ista: Whitlock M, Barton NH. 1997. The effective size of a subdivided population. Genetics. 146(1), 427–441. mla: Whitlock, Michael, and Nicholas H. Barton. “The Effective Size of a Subdivided Population.” Genetics, vol. 146, no. 1, Genetics Society of America, 1997, pp. 427–41, doi:10.1093/genetics/146.1.427. short: M. Whitlock, N.H. Barton, Genetics 146 (1997) 427–441. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:20Z date_published: 1997-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T10:01:10Z day: '01' doi: 10.1093/genetics/146.1.427 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9136031 ' intvolume: ' 146' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/146/1/427/6053913 month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 427 - 441 pmid: 1 publication: Genetics publication_identifier: issn: - 0016-6731 publication_status: published publisher: Genetics Society of America publist_id: '2753' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The effective size of a subdivided population type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 146 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '3631' abstract: - lang: eng text: In spatially heterogeneous environments, natural selection for maintenance of adaptation to habitats that contribute little to the population's reproduction is weak. In this paper we model a mechanism that can result in loss of fitness in such marginal habitats, and thus lead to specialisation on the main habitat. It involves accumulation of mutations that are deleterious in the marginal habitat but neutral or nearly so in the main habitat (mutations deleterious in the main habitat and neutral in the marginal habitat have a negligible influence). If the contribution of the marginal habitat to total reproduction in the absence of the mutations is less than a threshold value, selection is too weak to counter accumulation of such mutations. A positive feedback then results in loss of fitness in the marginal habitat. This mechanism does not require antagonistic pleiotropy in adaptation to different habitats, although antagonistic pleiotropy facilitates the mutational collapse of fitness in the marginal habitat. We suggest that deleterious mutations with habitat-specific expression may play a role in the evolution of ecological specialisation and promote evolutionary conservatism of ecological niches. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Tadeusz full_name: Kawecki, Tadeusz last_name: Kawecki - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: James full_name: Fry, James last_name: Fry citation: ama: Kawecki T, Barton NH, Fry J. Mutational collapse of fitness in marginal habitats and the evolution of ecological specialisation. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 1997;10(3):407-430. doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.1997.10030407.x apa: Kawecki, T., Barton, N. H., & Fry, J. (1997). Mutational collapse of fitness in marginal habitats and the evolution of ecological specialisation. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1420-9101.1997.10030407.x chicago: Kawecki, Tadeusz, Nicholas H Barton, and James Fry. “Mutational Collapse of Fitness in Marginal Habitats and the Evolution of Ecological Specialisation.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley-Blackwell, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1046/j.1420-9101.1997.10030407.x. ieee: T. Kawecki, N. H. Barton, and J. Fry, “Mutational collapse of fitness in marginal habitats and the evolution of ecological specialisation,” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 10, no. 3. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 407–430, 1997. ista: Kawecki T, Barton NH, Fry J. 1997. Mutational collapse of fitness in marginal habitats and the evolution of ecological specialisation. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 10(3), 407–430. mla: Kawecki, Tadeusz, et al. “Mutational Collapse of Fitness in Marginal Habitats and the Evolution of Ecological Specialisation.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 10, no. 3, Wiley-Blackwell, 1997, pp. 407–30, doi:10.1046/j.1420-9101.1997.10030407.x. short: T. Kawecki, N.H. Barton, J. Fry, Journal of Evolutionary Biology 10 (1997) 407–430. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:04:20Z date_published: 1997-05-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T09:46:51Z day: '01' doi: 10.1046/j.1420-9101.1997.10030407.x extern: '1' intvolume: ' 10' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/abs/10.1046/j.1420-9101.1997.10030407.x month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 407 - 430 publication: Journal of Evolutionary Biology publication_identifier: issn: - 1010-061X publication_status: published publisher: Wiley-Blackwell publist_id: '2752' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Mutational collapse of fitness in marginal habitats and the evolution of ecological specialisation type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 10 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4018' abstract: - lang: eng text: Given a subspace X subset of or equal to R-d and a finite set S subset of or equal to R-d, we introduce the Delaunay complex, D-X, restricted by X. Its simplices are spanned by subsets T subset of or equal to S for which the common intersection of Voronoi cells meets X in a non-empty set. By the nerve theorem, boolean OR D-X and X are homotopy equivalent if all such sets are contractible. This paper proves a sufficient condition for boolean OR D-X and X be homeomorphic. acknowledgement: Partially supported by the National Science Foundation, under grant ASC-200301 and the Alan T. Waterman award, grant CCR-9118874. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Herbert full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Edelsbrunner orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833 - first_name: Nimish full_name: Shah, Nimish last_name: Shah citation: ama: Edelsbrunner H, Shah N. Triangulating topological spaces. International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications. 1997;7(4):365-378. doi:10.1142/S0218195997000223 apa: Edelsbrunner, H., & Shah, N. (1997). Triangulating topological spaces. International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications. World Scientific Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218195997000223 chicago: Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Nimish Shah. “Triangulating Topological Spaces.” International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications. World Scientific Publishing, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1142/S0218195997000223. ieee: H. Edelsbrunner and N. Shah, “Triangulating topological spaces,” International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications, vol. 7, no. 4. World Scientific Publishing, pp. 365–378, 1997. ista: Edelsbrunner H, Shah N. 1997. Triangulating topological spaces. International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications. 7(4), 365–378. mla: Edelsbrunner, Herbert, and Nimish Shah. “Triangulating Topological Spaces.” International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications, vol. 7, no. 4, World Scientific Publishing, 1997, pp. 365–78, doi:10.1142/S0218195997000223. short: H. Edelsbrunner, N. Shah, International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications 7 (1997) 365–378. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:06:28Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-19T08:32:23Z day: '01' doi: 10.1142/S0218195997000223 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 7' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 365 - 378 publication: International Journal of Computational Geometry & Applications publication_identifier: issn: - 0925-7721 publication_status: published publisher: World Scientific Publishing publist_id: '2106' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Triangulating topological spaces type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 7 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4174' abstract: - lang: eng text: The epiphysial region of the dorsal diencephalon is the first site at which neurogenesis occurs in the roof of the zebrafish forebrain. We show that the homeobox containing gene floating head (flh) is required for neurogenesis to proceed in the epiphysis. In flh(-) embryos, the first few epiphysial neurons are generated, but beyond the 18 somite stage, neuronal production ceases. In contrast, in masterblind(-) (mbl(-)) embryos, epiphysial neurons are generated throughout the dorsal forebrain. We show that mbl is required to prevent the expression of flh in dorsal forebrain cells rostral to the epiphysis. Furthermore, epiphysial neurons are not ectopically induced in mbl(-)/flh(-) embryos, demonstrating that the epiphysial phenotype of mbl(-) embryos is mediated by ectopic Flh activity. We propose a role for Flh in linking the signaling pathways that regulate regional patterning to the signaling pathways that regulate neurogenesis. acknowledgement: 'We thank Igor DaMd. Tom Jessell, David Kimelman. Vladimir Koah, Karen Larison. Ingvild Mikkola, Laurie Molday. and Eric Weinberg for probes and antibod-ies: Alex Schist and Juliet Williams for help with the TUNEL tech-nique; Dominic Delaney for analysis of the fih neural plate: Brian Gashing and Geraldine Millard for fish care; Christian Nusslein Volhard for her support: and Corinne Houart. Nigel Holder, and other members of the DBRC for comments on the manuscript. Electron microscopy of the developing epiphysis cited in this study was carried out with the help of Celeste Malinoski. funded by a grant (EY-00168)awarded to Stephen S. Easter. This study was supported by grants from Welcome Trust to S. W. and Human Frontier Science Program to I. M. S.W. is a Wellcome Trust Senior Research Fellow. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Ichiro full_name: Masai, Ichiro last_name: Masai - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: K Anukampa full_name: Barth, K Anukampa last_name: Barth - first_name: Rachel full_name: Macdonald, Rachel last_name: Macdonald - first_name: Sylwia full_name: Adamek, Sylwia last_name: Adamek - first_name: Stephen full_name: Wilson, Stephen last_name: Wilson citation: ama: Masai I, Heisenberg C-PJ, Barth KA, Macdonald R, Adamek S, Wilson S. Floating head and masterblind regulate neuronal patterning in the roof of the forebrain. Neuron. 1997;18(1):43-57. doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)80045-3 apa: Masai, I., Heisenberg, C.-P. J., Barth, K. A., Macdonald, R., Adamek, S., & Wilson, S. (1997). Floating head and masterblind regulate neuronal patterning in the roof of the forebrain. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(01)80045-3 chicago: Masai, Ichiro, Carl-Philipp J Heisenberg, K Anukampa Barth, Rachel Macdonald, Sylwia Adamek, and Stephen Wilson. “Floating Head and Masterblind Regulate Neuronal Patterning in the Roof of the Forebrain.” Neuron. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0896-6273(01)80045-3. ieee: I. Masai, C.-P. J. Heisenberg, K. A. Barth, R. Macdonald, S. Adamek, and S. Wilson, “Floating head and masterblind regulate neuronal patterning in the roof of the forebrain,” Neuron, vol. 18, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 43–57, 1997. ista: Masai I, Heisenberg C-PJ, Barth KA, Macdonald R, Adamek S, Wilson S. 1997. Floating head and masterblind regulate neuronal patterning in the roof of the forebrain. Neuron. 18(1), 43–57. mla: Masai, Ichiro, et al. “Floating Head and Masterblind Regulate Neuronal Patterning in the Roof of the Forebrain.” Neuron, vol. 18, no. 1, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 43–57, doi:10.1016/S0896-6273(01)80045-3. short: I. Masai, C.-P.J. Heisenberg, K.A. Barth, R. Macdonald, S. Adamek, S. Wilson, Neuron 18 (1997) 43–57. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:24Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T14:02:49Z day: '01' doi: 10.1016/S0896-6273(01)80045-3 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9010204' intvolume: ' 18' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0896627301800453?via%3Dihub month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 43 - 57 pmid: 1 publication: Neuron publication_identifier: issn: - 0896-6273 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '1946' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Floating head and masterblind regulate neuronal patterning in the roof of the forebrain type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 18 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4201' abstract: - lang: eng text: In zebrafish, as in other vertebrates, an initially singular eye held within the neural plate has to split during morphogenesis to allow the development of two separated eyes. It has been suggested that anterior progression of midline tissue within the neural plate is involved in the bilateralization of the eye held. Mutations in the recently identified silberblick (slb) gene cause an incomplete separation of the eyes. During gastrulation and early somitogenesis, the ventral midline of the central nervous system (CNS) together with the underlying axial mesendoderm is shortened and broadened in slb embryos. While in wild-type embryos the ventral CNS midline extends to the anterior limit of the neural plate at the end of gastrulation, there is a gap between the anterior tip of the ventral CNS midline and the anterior edge of the neural plate in slb. To investigate the cause for the shortening of the ventral CNS midline in slb we determined the fate of labeled ventral CNS midline cells in wild-type and slb embryos at different stages of development. In slb, anterior migration of ventral CNS midline cells is impaired, which indicates that migration of these cells is needed for elongation of the ventral CNS midline. The anterior shortening of the ventral CNS midline in slb leads to medial instead of bilateral induction of optic stalks followed by a partial fusion of the eyes at later developmental stages. The analysis of the sIb phenotype indicates that anterior migration of midline cells within the neural plate is required for proper induction and subsequent bilateralization of an initially singular eye field. These findings may therefore provide a starting point in elucidating the role of neural plate morphogenesis in positioning of the eyes. (C) 1997 Academic Press. acknowledgement: 'We thank C. Thisse and Q. Xu for the kind gift of hggl and rtk2 cDNA, respectively. We are grateful to S. Wilson and R. Warga for many valuable comments on earlier versions of this manuscript. We also thank R. Geisler, D. Gilmour, M. Granato, I Odenthal, F. Pellegri, S. Schulte-Merker, and F. v. Eeden for critical reading of the manuscript. ' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Carl-Philipp J full_name: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J id: 39427864-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heisenberg orcid: 0000-0002-0912-4566 - first_name: Christiane full_name: Nüsslein Volhard, Christiane last_name: Nüsslein Volhard citation: ama: Heisenberg C-PJ, Nüsslein Volhard C. The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo. Developmental Biology. 1997;184(1):85-94. doi:10.1006/dbio.1997.8511 apa: Heisenberg, C.-P. J., & Nüsslein Volhard, C. (1997). The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo. Developmental Biology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8511 chicago: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J, and Christiane Nüsslein Volhard. “The Function of Silberblick in the Positioning of the Eye Anlage in the Zebrafish Embryo.” Developmental Biology. Elsevier, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1006/dbio.1997.8511. ieee: C.-P. J. Heisenberg and C. Nüsslein Volhard, “The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo,” Developmental Biology, vol. 184, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 85–94, 1997. ista: Heisenberg C-PJ, Nüsslein Volhard C. 1997. The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo. Developmental Biology. 184(1), 85–94. mla: Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J., and Christiane Nüsslein Volhard. “The Function of Silberblick in the Positioning of the Eye Anlage in the Zebrafish Embryo.” Developmental Biology, vol. 184, no. 1, Elsevier, 1997, pp. 85–94, doi:10.1006/dbio.1997.8511. short: C.-P.J. Heisenberg, C. Nüsslein Volhard, Developmental Biology 184 (1997) 85–94. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:07:33Z date_published: 1997-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T13:54:19Z day: '01' doi: 10.1006/dbio.1997.8511 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9142986 ' intvolume: ' 184' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0012160697985110?via%3Dihub month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 85 - 94 pmid: 1 publication: Developmental Biology publication_identifier: eissn: - 0012-1606 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier publist_id: '1917' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The function of silberblick in the positioning of the eye anlage in the zebrafish embryo type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 184 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4285' abstract: - lang: eng text: One of the oldest hypotheses for the advantage of recombination is that recombination allo rvs beneficial mutations that arise in different individuals to be placed together on the same chromosome. Unless recombination occurs, one of the beneficial alleles is doomed to extinction, slowing the rate at which adaptive mutations are incorporated within a population. We model the effects of a modifier of recombination on the fixation probability of beneficial mutations when beneficial alleles are segregating at other loci. We find that modifier alleles that increase recombination do increase the fixation probability of beneficial mutants and subsequently hitchhike along as the mutants rise in frequency. The strength of selection favoring a modifier that increases recombination is proportional to lambda(2)S delta r/r when linkage is tight and lambda(2)S(3) delta r/N when linkage is loose, where lambda is the beneficial mutation rate per genome per generation throughout a population of size N, S is the average mutant effect, r is the average recombination rate, and delta ris the amount that recombination is modified. We conclude that selection for recombination will be substantial only if there is tight linkage within the genome or if many loci are subject to directional selection as during periods of rapid evolutionary change. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Sarah full_name: Otto, Sarah last_name: Otto - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Otto S, Barton NH. The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection. Genetics. 1997;147(2):879-906. doi:10.1093/genetics/147.2.879' apa: 'Otto, S., & Barton, N. H. (1997). The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection. Genetics. Genetics Society of America. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.879' chicago: 'Otto, Sarah, and Nicholas H Barton. “The Evolution of Recombination: Removing the Limits to Natural Selection.” Genetics. Genetics Society of America, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/147.2.879.' ieee: 'S. Otto and N. H. Barton, “The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection,” Genetics, vol. 147, no. 2. Genetics Society of America, pp. 879–906, 1997.' ista: 'Otto S, Barton NH. 1997. The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection. Genetics. 147(2), 879–906.' mla: 'Otto, Sarah, and Nicholas H. Barton. “The Evolution of Recombination: Removing the Limits to Natural Selection.” Genetics, vol. 147, no. 2, Genetics Society of America, 1997, pp. 879–906, doi:10.1093/genetics/147.2.879.' short: S. Otto, N.H. Barton, Genetics 147 (1997) 879–906. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:02Z date_published: 1997-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T11:36:10Z day: '01' doi: 10.1093/genetics/147.2.879 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '9335621' intvolume: ' 147' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://academic.oup.com/genetics/article/147/2/879/6054161 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 879 - 906 pmid: 1 publication: Genetics publication_identifier: issn: - 0016-6731 publication_status: published publisher: Genetics Society of America publist_id: '1796' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'The evolution of recombination: Removing the limits to natural selection' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 147 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4284' abstract: - lang: eng text: The evolutionary processes responsible for adaptation and speciation on islands differ in several ways from those on the mainland. Most attention has been given to the random genetic drift that arises when a population is founded from just a few colonizing genomes. Theoretical obstacles to ‘founder effect speciation’ are discussed, together with recent proposals for avoiding them. It is argued that although certain kinds of epistasis can facilitate the evolution of strong reproductive isolation, this favours divergence by selection as much as by random drift. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 citation: ama: 'Barton NH. Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands. In: Evolution on Islands. Oxford University Press; 1997:102-123. doi:10.1098/rstb.1996.0073' apa: Barton, N. H. (1997). Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands. In Evolution on islands (pp. 102–123). Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0073 chicago: Barton, Nicholas H. “Natural Selection and Random Genetic Drift as Causes of Evolution on Islands.” In Evolution on Islands, 102–23. Oxford University Press, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.1996.0073. ieee: N. H. Barton, “Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands,” in Evolution on islands, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 102–123. ista: 'Barton NH. 1997.Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands. In: Evolution on islands. , 102–123.' mla: Barton, Nicholas H. “Natural Selection and Random Genetic Drift as Causes of Evolution on Islands.” Evolution on Islands, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 102–23, doi:10.1098/rstb.1996.0073. short: N.H. Barton, in:, Evolution on Islands, Oxford University Press, 1997, pp. 102–123. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:02Z date_published: 1997-11-27T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-18T13:04:36Z day: '27' doi: 10.1098/rstb.1996.0073 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '8693020' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa_version: None page: 102 - 123 pmid: 1 publication: Evolution on islands publication_identifier: isbn: - '9780198501718' publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press publist_id: '1800' quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Natural selection and random genetic drift as causes of evolution on islands type: book_chapter user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4438' abstract: - lang: eng text: "In temporal-logic model checking, we verify the correctness of a program with respect to a desired behavior by checking whether a structure that models the program satisfies a temporal-logic formula that specifies the behavior. The model-checking problem for the branching-time temporal logic CTL can be solved in linear running time, and model-checking tools for CTL are used successfully in industrial applications. The development of programs that must meet rigid real-time constraints has brought with it a need for real-time temporal logics that enable quantitative reference to time. Early research on real-time temporal logics uses the discrete domain of the integers to model time. Present research on real-time temporal logics focuses on continuous time and uses the dense domain of the reals to model time. There, model checking becomes significantly more complicated. For example, the model-checking problem for TCTL, a continuous-time extension of the logic CTL, is PSPACE-complete.\r\nIn this paper we suggest a reduction from TCTL model checking to CTL model checking. The contribution of such a reduction is twofold. Theoretically, while it has long been known that model-checking methods for untimed temporal logics can be extended quite easily to handle discrete time, it was not clear whether and how untimed methods can handle the reset quantifier of TCTL, which resets a realvalued clock. Practically, our reduction enables anyone who has a tool for CTL model checking to use it for TCTL model checking. The TCTL model-checking algorithm that follows from our reduction is in PSPACE, matching the known bound for this problem. In addition, it enjoys the wide distribution of CTL model-checking tools and the extensive and fruitful research efforts and heuristics that have been put into these tools." acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Orna full_name: Kupferman, Orna last_name: Kupferman citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Kupferman O. From quantity to quality. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems. Vol 1201. Springer; 1997:48-62. doi:10.1007/BFb0014712' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., & Kupferman, O. (1997). From quantity to quality. In Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems (Vol. 1201, pp. 48–62). Grenoble, France: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014712' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, and Orna Kupferman. “From Quantity to Quality.” In Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, 1201:48–62. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014712. ieee: T. A. Henzinger and O. Kupferman, “From quantity to quality,” in Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, Grenoble, France, 1997, vol. 1201, pp. 48–62. ista: 'Henzinger TA, Kupferman O. 1997. From quantity to quality. Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems. HART: Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, LNCS, vol. 1201, 48–62.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., and Orna Kupferman. “From Quantity to Quality.” Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, vol. 1201, Springer, 1997, pp. 48–62, doi:10.1007/BFb0014712. short: T.A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, in:, Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, Springer, 1997, pp. 48–62. conference: end_date: 1997-03-28 location: Grenoble, France name: 'HART: Hybrid and Real-Time Systems' start_date: 1997-03-26 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:51Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T12:29:48Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/BFb0014712 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1201' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 48 - 62 publication: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems publication_identifier: isbn: - '9783540626008' publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '291' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: From quantity to quality type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1201 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4441' abstract: - lang: eng text: Rectangular hybrid automata model digital control programs of analog plant environments. We study rectangular hybrid automata where the plant state evolves continuously in real-numbered time, and the controller samples the plant state and changes the control state discretely, only at the integer points in time. We prove that rectangular hybrid automata have finite bisimilarity quotients when all control transitions happen at integer times, even if the constraints on the derivatives of the variables vary between control states. This is sharply in contrast with the conventional model where control transitions may happen at any real time, and already the reachability problem is undecidable. Based on the finite bisimilarity quotients, we give an exponential algorithm for the symbolic sampling-controller synthesis of rectangular automata. We show our algorithm to be optimal by proving the problem to be EXPTIME-hard. We also show that rectangular automata form a maximal class of systems for which the sampling-controller synthesis problem can be solved algorithmically. acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI contract DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARO contract DAAL03-91-C-0027 through the MSI at Cornell University, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Peter full_name: Kopke, Peter last_name: Kopke citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Kopke P. Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata. In: Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming. Vol 1256. Springer; 1997:582-593. doi:10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., & Kopke, P. (1997). Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata. In Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming (Vol. 1256, pp. 582–593). Bologna, Italy: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, and Peter Kopke. “Discrete-Time Control for Rectangular Hybrid Automata.” In Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, 1256:582–93. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213. ieee: T. A. Henzinger and P. Kopke, “Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata,” in Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, Bologna, Italy, 1997, vol. 1256, pp. 582–593. ista: 'Henzinger TA, Kopke P. 1997. Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata. Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming. ICALP: Automata, Languages and Programming, LNCS, vol. 1256, 582–593.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., and Peter Kopke. “Discrete-Time Control for Rectangular Hybrid Automata.” Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, vol. 1256, Springer, 1997, pp. 582–93, doi:10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213. short: T.A. Henzinger, P. Kopke, in:, Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming, Springer, 1997, pp. 582–593. conference: end_date: 1997-07-11 location: Bologna, Italy name: 'ICALP: Automata, Languages and Programming' start_date: 1997-07-07 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:08:52Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T12:04:15Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/3-540-63165-8_213 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1256' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 582 - 593 publication: Proceedings of the 24th International Colloquium on Automata, Languages and Programming publication_identifier: isbn: - '9783540631651' publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '289' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Discrete-time control for rectangular hybrid automata type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1256 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4496' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The simulation preorder for labeled transition systems is defined locally as a game that relates states with their immediate successor states. Liveness assumptions about transition systems are typically modeled using fairness constraints. Existing notions of simulation for fair transition systems, however, are not local, and as a result, many appealing properties of the simulation preorder are lost. We extend the local definition of simulation to account for fairness: system S fairly simulates system I iff in the simulation game, there is a strategy that matches with each fair computation of I a fair computation of S. Our definition enjoys a fully abstract semantics and has a logical characterization: S fairly simulates I iff every fair computation tree embedded in the unrolling of I can be embedded also in the unrolling of S or, equivalently, iff every Fair-AFMC formula satisfied by I is satisfied also by S (AFMC is the universal fragment of the alternation-free -calculus). The locality of the definition leads us to a polynomial-time algorithm for checking fair simulation for finite-state systems with weak and strong fairness constraints. Finally, fair simulation implies fair trace-containment, and is therefore useful as an efficientlycomputable local criterion for proving linear-time abstraction hierarchies.' acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Orna full_name: Kupferman, Orna last_name: Kupferman - first_name: Sriram full_name: Rajamani, Sriram last_name: Rajamani citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Kupferman O, Rajamani S. Fair simulation. In: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory. Vol 1243. Springer; 1997:273-287. doi:10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Kupferman, O., & Rajamani, S. (1997). Fair simulation. In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (Vol. 1243, pp. 273–287). Warsaw, Poland: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Orna Kupferman, and Sriram Rajamani. “Fair Simulation.” In Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, 1243:273–87. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19. ieee: T. A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, and S. Rajamani, “Fair simulation,” in Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Warsaw, Poland, 1997, vol. 1243, pp. 273–287. ista: 'Henzinger TA, Kupferman O, Rajamani S. 1997. Fair simulation. Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory. CONCUR: Concurrency Theory, LNCS, vol. 1243, 273–287.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Fair Simulation.” Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, vol. 1243, Springer, 1997, pp. 273–87, doi:10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19. short: T.A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, S. Rajamani, in:, Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Springer, 1997, pp. 273–287. conference: end_date: 1997-07-04 location: Warsaw, Poland name: 'CONCUR: Concurrency Theory' start_date: 1997-07-01 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:09Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T09:09:13Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/3-540-63141-0_19 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1243' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 273 - 287 publication: Proceedings of the 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory publication_identifier: isbn: - '9783540631415' publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '234' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Fair simulation type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1243 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4494' abstract: - lang: eng text: A hybrid system consists of a collection of digital programs that interact with each other and with an analog environment. Examples of hybrid systems include medical equipment, manufacturing controllers, automotive controllers, and robots. The formal analysis of the mixed digital-analog nature of these systems requires a model that incorporates the discrete behavior of computer programs with the continuous behavior of environment variables, such as temperature and pressure. Hybrid automata capture both types of behavior by combining finite automata with differential inclusions (i.e. differential inequalities). HyTech is a symbolic model checker for linear hybrid automata, an expressive, yet automatically analyzable, subclass of hybrid automata. A key feature of HyTech is its ability to perform parametric analysis, i.e. to determine the values of design parameters for which a linear hybrid automaton satisfies a temporal requirement. acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Pei full_name: Ho, Pei last_name: Ho - first_name: Howard full_name: Wong Toi, Howard last_name: Wong Toi citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Ho P, Wong Toi H. HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. In: Vol 1254. Springer; 1997:460-463. doi:10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Ho, P., & Wong Toi, H. (1997). HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems (Vol. 1254, pp. 460–463). Presented at the CAV: Computer Aided Verification, Haifa, Israel: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48' chicago: 'Henzinger, Thomas A, Pei Ho, and Howard Wong Toi. “HyTech: A Model Checker for Hybrid Systems,” 1254:460–63. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48.' ieee: 'T. A. Henzinger, P. Ho, and H. Wong Toi, “HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems,” presented at the CAV: Computer Aided Verification, Haifa, Israel, 1997, vol. 1254, pp. 460–463.' ista: 'Henzinger TA, Ho P, Wong Toi H. 1997. HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 1254, 460–463.' mla: 'Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. HyTech: A Model Checker for Hybrid Systems. Vol. 1254, Springer, 1997, pp. 460–63, doi:10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48.' short: T.A. Henzinger, P. Ho, H. Wong Toi, in:, Springer, 1997, pp. 460–463. conference: end_date: 1997-06-25 location: Haifa, Israel name: 'CAV: Computer Aided Verification' start_date: 1997-06-22 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:08Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T11:06:13Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/3-540-63166-6_48 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1254' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 460 - 463 publication_identifier: isbn: - '9783540631668' publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '235' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems' type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1254 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4493' abstract: - lang: eng text: A hybrid system is a dynamical system whose behavior exhibits both discrete and continuous change. A hybrid automaton is a mathematical model for hybrid systems, which combines, in a single formalism, automaton transitions for capturing discrete change with differential equations for capturing continuous change. HyTech is a symbolic model checker for linear hybrid automata, a subclass of hybrid automata that can be analyzed automatically by computing with polyhedral state sets. A key feature of HyTech is its ability to perform parametric analysis, i.e., to determine the values of design parameters for which a linear hybrid automaton satisfies a temporal-logic requirement. acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, the NSF CAREER award CCR-501708, NSF grant CCR-9504469, AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, ARPA grant AG2-892, and SRC contract 95-DC-324.036. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Pei full_name: Ho, Pei last_name: Ho - first_name: Howard full_name: Wong Toi, Howard last_name: Wong Toi citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Ho P, Wong Toi H. HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. Software Tools For Technology Transfer. 1997;1(1-2):110-122. doi:10.1007/s100090050008' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Ho, P., & Wong Toi, H. (1997). HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. Software Tools For Technology Transfer. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050008' chicago: 'Henzinger, Thomas A, Pei Ho, and Howard Wong Toi. “HyTech: A Model Checker for Hybrid Systems.” Software Tools For Technology Transfer. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050008.' ieee: 'T. A. Henzinger, P. Ho, and H. Wong Toi, “HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems,” Software Tools For Technology Transfer, vol. 1, no. 1–2. Springer, pp. 110–122, 1997.' ista: 'Henzinger TA, Ho P, Wong Toi H. 1997. HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems. Software Tools For Technology Transfer. 1(1–2), 110–122.' mla: 'Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “HyTech: A Model Checker for Hybrid Systems.” Software Tools For Technology Transfer, vol. 1, no. 1–2, Springer, 1997, pp. 110–22, doi:10.1007/s100090050008.' short: T.A. Henzinger, P. Ho, H. Wong Toi, Software Tools For Technology Transfer 1 (1997) 110–122. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:08Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T11:14:15Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/s100090050008 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1' issue: 1-2 language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 110 - 122 publication: Software Tools For Technology Transfer publication_identifier: issn: - 1433-2779 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '236' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'HyTech: A model checker for hybrid systems' type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4520' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'We define robust timed automata, which are timed automata that accept all trajectories robustly: if a robust timed automaton accepts a trajectory, then it must accept neighboring trajectories also; and if a robust timed automaton rejects a trajectory, then it must reject neighboring trajectories also. We show that the emptiness problem for robust timed automata is still decidable, by modifying the region construction for timed automata. We then show that, like timed automata, robust timed automata cannot be determinized. This result is somewhat unexpected, given that in temporal logic, the removal of realtime equality constraints is known to lead to a decidable theory that is closed under all boolean operations.' acknowledgement: The first and third author were supported in part by grants from ARPA and ONR. The second author was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036. The third author was also supported by the NSF. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Vineet full_name: Gupta, Vineet last_name: Gupta - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Radha full_name: Jagadeesan, Radha last_name: Jagadeesan citation: ama: 'Gupta V, Henzinger TA, Jagadeesan R. Robust timed automata. In: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems. Vol 1201. Springer; 1997:331-345. doi:10.1007/BFb0014736' apa: 'Gupta, V., Henzinger, T. A., & Jagadeesan, R. (1997). Robust timed automata. In Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems (Vol. 1201, pp. 331–345). Grenoble, France: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014736' chicago: Gupta, Vineet, Thomas A Henzinger, and Radha Jagadeesan. “Robust Timed Automata.” In Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, 1201:331–45. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/BFb0014736. ieee: V. Gupta, T. A. Henzinger, and R. Jagadeesan, “Robust timed automata,” in Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, Grenoble, France, 1997, vol. 1201, pp. 331–345. ista: 'Gupta V, Henzinger TA, Jagadeesan R. 1997. Robust timed automata. Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems. HART: Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, LNCS, vol. 1201, 331–345.' mla: Gupta, Vineet, et al. “Robust Timed Automata.” Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, vol. 1201, Springer, 1997, pp. 331–45, doi:10.1007/BFb0014736. short: V. Gupta, T.A. Henzinger, R. Jagadeesan, in:, Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems, Springer, 1997, pp. 331–345. conference: end_date: 1997-03-28 location: Grenoble, France name: 'HART: Hybrid and Real-Time Systems' start_date: 1997-03-26 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:17Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T09:04:39Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/BFb0014736 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1201' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 331 - 345 publication: Proceedings of the 5th International Workshop on Hybrid and Real-Time Systems publication_identifier: isbn: - '9783540626008' publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '207' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Robust timed automata type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1201 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4583' abstract: - lang: eng text: In a trace-based world, the modular specification, verification, and control of live systems require each module to be receptive; that is, each module must be able to meet its liveness assumptions no matter how the other modules behave. In a real-time world, liveness is automatically present in the form of diverging time. The receptiveness condition, then, translates to the requirement that a module must be able to let time diverge no matter how the environment behaves. We study the receptiveness condition for real-time systems by extending the model of reactive modules to timed and hybrid modules. We define the receptiveness of such a module as the existence of a winning strategy in a game of the module against its environment. By solving the game on region graphs, we present an (optimal) Exptime algorithm for checking the receptiveness of prepositional timed modules. By giving a fixpoint characterization of the game, we present a symbolic procedure for checking the receptiveness of linear hybrid modules. Finally, we present an assume-guarantee principle for reasoning about timed and hybrid modules, and a method for synthesizing receptive controllers of timed and hybrid modules. acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the SRC contract 95-DC-324.036. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Rajeev full_name: Alur, Rajeev last_name: Alur - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 citation: ama: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. Modularity for timed and hybrid systems. In: 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory. Vol 1243. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 1997:74-88. doi:10.1007/3-540-63141-0_6' apa: 'Alur, R., & Henzinger, T. A. (1997). Modularity for timed and hybrid systems. In 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory (Vol. 1243, pp. 74–88). Warsaw, Poland: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_6' chicago: Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Modularity for Timed and Hybrid Systems.” In 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, 1243:74–88. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63141-0_6. ieee: R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Modularity for timed and hybrid systems,” in 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Warsaw, Poland, 1997, vol. 1243, pp. 74–88. ista: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1997. Modularity for timed and hybrid systems. 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory. CONCUR: Concurrency Theory, LNCS, vol. 1243, 74–88.' mla: Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Modularity for Timed and Hybrid Systems.” 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, vol. 1243, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 1997, pp. 74–88, doi:10.1007/3-540-63141-0_6. short: R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, in:, 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 1997, pp. 74–88. conference: end_date: 1997-07-04 location: Warsaw, Poland name: 'CONCUR: Concurrency Theory' start_date: 1997-07-01 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:36Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T08:47:55Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/3-540-63141-0_6 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1243' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 74 - 88 publication: 8th International Conference on Concurrency Theory publication_identifier: isbn: - '9783540691884' publication_status: published publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik publist_id: '124' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Modularity for timed and hybrid systems type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1243 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4584' abstract: - lang: eng text: This paper introduces, gently but rigorously, the clock approach to real-time programming. We present with mathematical precision, assuming no prerequisites other than familiarity with logical and programming notations, the concepts that are necessary for understanding, writing, and executing clock programs. In keeping with an expository style, all references are clustered in bibliographic remarks at the end of each section. The first appendix presents proof rules for verifying temporal properties of clock programs. The second appendix points to selected literature on formal methods and tools for programming with clocks. In particular, the timed automaton, which is a finite-state machine equipped with clocks, has become a standard paradigm for real-time model checking; it underlies the tools HyTech, Kronos, and Uppaal, which are discussed elsewhere in this volume. acknowledgement: The authors thank Rance Cleaveland, Limor Fix, David Karr, Peter Kopke, Fred Schneider, and Bernhard Steffen for helpful comments. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Rajeev full_name: Alur, Rajeev last_name: Alur - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 citation: ama: Alur R, Henzinger TA. Real-time system = discrete system + clock variables. Software Tools For Technology Transfer. 1997;1(1-2):86-109. doi:10.1007/s100090050007 apa: Alur, R., & Henzinger, T. A. (1997). Real-time system = discrete system + clock variables. Software Tools For Technology Transfer. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050007 chicago: Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Real-Time System = Discrete System + Clock Variables.” Software Tools For Technology Transfer. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/s100090050007. ieee: R. Alur and T. A. Henzinger, “Real-time system = discrete system + clock variables,” Software Tools For Technology Transfer, vol. 1, no. 1–2. Springer, pp. 86–109, 1997. ista: Alur R, Henzinger TA. 1997. Real-time system = discrete system + clock variables. Software Tools For Technology Transfer. 1(1–2), 86–109. mla: Alur, Rajeev, and Thomas A. Henzinger. “Real-Time System = Discrete System + Clock Variables.” Software Tools For Technology Transfer, vol. 1, no. 1–2, Springer, 1997, pp. 86–109, doi:10.1007/s100090050007. short: R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, Software Tools For Technology Transfer 1 (1997) 86–109. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:36Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T08:27:20Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/s100090050007 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1' issue: 1-2 language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 86 - 109 publication: Software Tools For Technology Transfer publication_identifier: issn: - 1433-2779 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '123' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Real-time system = discrete system + clock variables type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4608' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'State space explosion is a fundamental obstacle in formal verification of designs and protocols. Several techniques for combating this problem have emerged in the past few years, among which two are significant: partial-order reductions and symbolic state space search. In asynchronous systems, interleavings of independent concurrent events are equivalent, and only a representative interleaving needs to be explored to verify local properties. Partial-order methods exploit this redundancy and visit only a subset of the reachable states. Symbolic techniques, on the other hand, capture the transition relation of a system and the set of reachable states as boolean functions. In many cases, these functions can be represented compactly using binary decision diagrams (BDDs). Traditionally, the two techniques have been practiced by two different schools—partial-order methods with enumerative depth-first search for the analysis of asynchronous network protocols, and symbolic breadth-first search for the analysis of synchronous hardware designs. We combine both approaches and develop a method for using partial-order reduction techniques in symbolic BDD-based invariant checking. We present theoretical results to prove the correctness of the method, and experimental results to demonstrate its efficacy.' acknowledgement: This research was supported in part by the ONR YIP award N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grant CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, by the ARO MURI grant DAAH-04-96-1-0341, by the ARPA grant NAG2-892, and by the Semiconductor Research Corporation contracts DC-324.036 and DC-324.005. alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Rajeev full_name: Alur, Rajeev last_name: Alur - first_name: Robert full_name: Brayton, Robert last_name: Brayton - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Shaz full_name: Qadeer, Shaz last_name: Qadeer - first_name: Sriram full_name: Rajamani, Sriram last_name: Rajamani citation: ama: 'Alur R, Brayton R, Henzinger TA, Qadeer S, Rajamani S. Partial-order reduction in symbolic state-space exploration. In: 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. Vol 1254. Springer; 1997:340-351. doi:10.1007/3-540-63166-6_34' apa: 'Alur, R., Brayton, R., Henzinger, T. A., Qadeer, S., & Rajamani, S. (1997). Partial-order reduction in symbolic state-space exploration. In 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (Vol. 1254, pp. 340–351). Haifa, Israel: Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_34' chicago: Alur, Rajeev, Robert Brayton, Thomas A Henzinger, Shaz Qadeer, and Sriram Rajamani. “Partial-Order Reduction in Symbolic State-Space Exploration.” In 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, 1254:340–51. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/3-540-63166-6_34. ieee: R. Alur, R. Brayton, T. A. Henzinger, S. Qadeer, and S. Rajamani, “Partial-order reduction in symbolic state-space exploration,” in 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Haifa, Israel, 1997, vol. 1254, pp. 340–351. ista: 'Alur R, Brayton R, Henzinger TA, Qadeer S, Rajamani S. 1997. Partial-order reduction in symbolic state-space exploration. 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 1254, 340–351.' mla: Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Partial-Order Reduction in Symbolic State-Space Exploration.” 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, vol. 1254, Springer, 1997, pp. 340–51, doi:10.1007/3-540-63166-6_34. short: R. Alur, R. Brayton, T.A. Henzinger, S. Qadeer, S. Rajamani, in:, 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Springer, 1997, pp. 340–351. conference: end_date: 1997-06-25 location: Haifa, Israel name: 'CAV: Computer Aided Verification' start_date: 1997-06-22 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:44Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-16T14:09:54Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/3-540-63166-6_34 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 1254' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 340 - 351 publication: 9th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification publication_identifier: isbn: - '9783540631668' publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '99' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Partial-order reduction in symbolic state-space exploration type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 1254 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4609' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Temporal logic comes in two varieties: linear-time temporal logic assumes implicit universal quantification over all paths that are generated by system moves; branching-time temporal logic allows explicit existential and universal quantification over all paths. We introduce a third, more general variety of temporal logic: alternating-time temporal logic offers selective quantification over those paths that are possible outcomes of games, such as the game in which the system and the environment alternate moves. While linear-time and branching-time logics are natural specification languages for closed systems, alternating-time logics are natural specification languages for open systems. For example, by preceding the temporal operator “eventually” with a selective path quantifier, we can specify that in the game between the system and the environment, the system has a strategy to reach a certain state. Also the problems of receptiveness, realizability, and controllability can be formulated as model-checking problems for alternating-time formulas' acknowledgement: We thank Luca de Alfaro, Kousha Etessami, Salvatore La Torre, P. Madhusudan, Amir Pnueli, Moshe Vardi, Thomas Wilke, and Mihalis Yannakakis for helpful discussions. We also thank Freddy Mang for comments on a draft of this manuscript. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Rajeev full_name: Alur, Rajeev last_name: Alur - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Orna full_name: Kupferman, Orna last_name: Kupferman citation: ama: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA, Kupferman O. Alternating-time temporal logic. In: Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM); 1997:100-109. doi:10.1145/585265.585270' apa: 'Alur, R., Henzinger, T. A., & Kupferman, O. (1997). Alternating-time temporal logic. In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science (pp. 100–109). Washington, DC, United States: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM). https://doi.org/10.1145/585265.585270' chicago: Alur, Rajeev, Thomas A Henzinger, and Orna Kupferman. “Alternating-Time Temporal Logic.” In Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, 100–109. Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 1997. https://doi.org/10.1145/585265.585270. ieee: R. Alur, T. A. Henzinger, and O. Kupferman, “Alternating-time temporal logic,” in Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, Washington, DC, United States, 1997, pp. 100–109. ista: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA, Kupferman O. 1997. Alternating-time temporal logic. Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science. FOCS: Foundations of Computer Science, 100–109.' mla: Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Alternating-Time Temporal Logic.” Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 1997, pp. 100–09, doi:10.1145/585265.585270. short: R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, O. Kupferman, in:, Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science, Association for Computing Machinery (ACM), 1997, pp. 100–109. conference: end_date: 1997-10-22 location: Washington, DC, United States name: 'FOCS: Foundations of Computer Science' start_date: 1997-10-19 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:44Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-09-05T07:32:05Z day: '01' doi: 10.1145/585265.585270 extern: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 100 - 109 publication: Proceedings of the 38th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science publication_identifier: issn: - 0004-5411 publication_status: published publisher: Association for Computing Machinery (ACM) publist_id: '100' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Alternating-time temporal logic type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4607' abstract: - lang: eng text: We present a verification algorithm for duration properties of real-time systems. While simple real-time properties constrain the total elapsed time between events, duration properties constrain the accumulated satisfaction time of state predicates. We formalize the concept of durations by introducing duration measures for timed automata. A duration measure assigns to each finite run of a timed automaton a real number —the duration of the run— which may be the accumulated satisfaction time of a state predicate along the run. Given a timed automaton with a duration measure, an initial and a final state, and an arithmetic constraint, the duration-bounded reachability problem asks if there is a run of the automaton from the initial state to the final state such that the duration of the run satisfies the constraint. Our main result is an (optimal) PSPACE decision procedure for the duration-bounded reachability problem. acknowledgement: "A preliminary version of this paper appeared in the Proceedings of the Fifth International Conference on Computer-Aided Verification (CAV 93), Springer-Verlag LNCS 818, pp. 181–193, 1993. We thank Sergio Yovine for a careful reading of the manuscript. This reaserch was partially supported by the BRA ESPRIT project REACT, by the ONR YIP\r\naward N00014-95-1-0520, by the NSF CAREER award CCR-9501708, by the NSF grants CCR-9200794 and CCR-9504469, by the AFOSR contract F49620-93-1-0056, and by the ARPA grant NAG2-892." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Rajeev full_name: Alur, Rajeev last_name: Alur - first_name: Costas full_name: Courcoubetis, Costas last_name: Courcoubetis - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 citation: ama: Alur R, Courcoubetis C, Henzinger TA. Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems. Formal Methods in System Design. 1997;11(2):137-156. doi:10.1023/A:1008626013578 apa: Alur, R., Courcoubetis, C., & Henzinger, T. A. (1997). Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems. Formal Methods in System Design. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008626013578 chicago: Alur, Rajeev, Costas Courcoubetis, and Thomas A Henzinger. “Computing Accumulated Delays in Real-Time Systems.” Formal Methods in System Design. Springer, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1023/A:1008626013578. ieee: R. Alur, C. Courcoubetis, and T. A. Henzinger, “Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems,” Formal Methods in System Design, vol. 11, no. 2. Springer, pp. 137–156, 1997. ista: Alur R, Courcoubetis C, Henzinger TA. 1997. Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems. Formal Methods in System Design. 11(2), 137–156. mla: Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Computing Accumulated Delays in Real-Time Systems.” Formal Methods in System Design, vol. 11, no. 2, Springer, 1997, pp. 137–56, doi:10.1023/A:1008626013578. short: R. Alur, C. Courcoubetis, T.A. Henzinger, Formal Methods in System Design 11 (1997) 137–156. date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:43Z date_published: 1997-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-16T13:43:41Z day: '01' doi: 10.1023/A:1008626013578 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 11' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 137 - 156 publication: Formal Methods in System Design publication_identifier: issn: - 0925-9856 publication_status: published publisher: Springer publist_id: '98' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Computing accumulated delays in real-time systems type: journal_article user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 volume: 11 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '4605' abstract: - lang: eng text: A hybrid system is a dynamical system whose behavior exhibits both discrete and continuous change. A hybrid automaton is a mathematical model for hybrid systems, which combines, in a single formalism, automaton transitions for capturing discrete change with differential equations for capturing continuous change. In this survey, we demonstrate symbolic algorithms for the verification of and controller synthesis for linear hybrid automata, a subclass of hybrid automata that can be analyzed automatically article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Rajeev full_name: Alur, Rajeev last_name: Alur - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000−0002−2985−7724 - first_name: Howard full_name: Wong Toi, Howard last_name: Wong Toi citation: ama: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA, Wong Toi H. Symbolic analysis of hybrid systems. In: Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. IEEE; 1997:702-707. doi:10.1109/CDC.1997.650717  ' apa: 'Alur, R., Henzinger, T. A., & Wong Toi, H. (1997). Symbolic analysis of hybrid systems. In Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control (pp. 702–707). San Diego, CA, USA: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.1997.650717  ' chicago: Alur, Rajeev, Thomas A Henzinger, and Howard Wong Toi. “Symbolic Analysis of Hybrid Systems.” In Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, 702–7. IEEE, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1109/CDC.1997.650717  . ieee: R. Alur, T. A. Henzinger, and H. Wong Toi, “Symbolic analysis of hybrid systems,” in Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, San Diego, CA, USA, 1997, pp. 702–707. ista: 'Alur R, Henzinger TA, Wong Toi H. 1997. Symbolic analysis of hybrid systems. Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control. CDC: Decision and Control, 702–707.' mla: Alur, Rajeev, et al. “Symbolic Analysis of Hybrid Systems.” Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, IEEE, 1997, pp. 702–07, doi:10.1109/CDC.1997.650717  . short: R. Alur, T.A. Henzinger, H. Wong Toi, in:, Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control, IEEE, 1997, pp. 702–707. conference: end_date: 1997-12-12 location: San Diego, CA, USA name: 'CDC: Decision and Control' start_date: 1997-12-12 date_created: 2018-12-11T12:09:43Z date_published: 1997-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-08-17T08:08:36Z day: '01' doi: '10.1109/CDC.1997.650717 ' extern: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa_version: None page: 702 - 707 publication: Proceedings of the 36th IEEE Conference on Decision and Control publication_identifier: isbn: - '0780341872' publication_status: published publisher: IEEE publist_id: '101' quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Symbolic analysis of hybrid systems type: conference user_id: ea97e931-d5af-11eb-85d4-e6957dddbf17 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '8528' abstract: - lang: eng text: "In the present paper, we give a definition of prevalent (\"metrically prevalent\" ) sets in nonlinear function\r\nspaces. A subset of a Euclidean space is said to be metrically prevalent if its complement has measure zero.\r\nThere is no natural way to generalize the definition of a set of measure zero in a finite-dimensional space\r\nto the infinite-dimensional case [6]. Therefore, it is necessary to give a special definition of a metrically\r\nprevalent set (set of full measure) in an infinite-dimensional space. There are various ways to do so. We\r\nsuggest one of the possible ways to define the class of metrically prevalent sets in the space of smooth maps\r\nof one smooth manifold into another. It is shown in this paper that the class of metrically prevalent sets\r\nhas natural properties; in particular, the intersection of finitely many metrically prevalent sets is metrically\r\nprevalent. The main result of the paper is a prevalent version of Thorn's transversality theorem.\r\nIt is common practice in singularity theory and the theory of dynamical systems to say that a property\r\nholds for \"almost every\" map (or flow) if it holds for a residual set, i.e., a set that contains a countable\r\nintersection of open dense sets in the corresponding function space. However, even in finite-dimensional\r\nspaces such a set can have arbitrarily small (say, zero) Lebesgue measure. We prove that Thorn's transversality theorem holds for an essentially \"thicker\" set than a residual set. It seems reasonable to revise from\r\nthe prevalent point of view the classical results of singularity theory and theory of dynamical systems,\r\nincluding the multijet transversality theorem, Mather's stability theorem, Kupka-Smale's theorem for dynamical systems, etc. We shall do this elsewhere. The notion of prevalence in linear Banach spaces was\r\nintroduced and investigated in [8]. One of the possible ways to define a class of prevalent sets in the space\r\nof smooth maps of manifolds, which essentially differs from that presented in this paper, is given in [7].\r\nDefinitions of typicalness based on the Lebesgue measure in a finite-dimensional space were suggested\r\nby Kolmogorov [10] and Arnold [11]. These definitions were cited and discussed in [9]. Here we only point\r\nout that the finite-dimensional analog of Arnold's definition allows prevalent sets to have arbitrarily small\r\nmeasure, whereas the prevalent sets in the sense of the finite-dimensional analog of the definition given in\r\nthe present paper are necessarily of full measure. Our definition is a modification of that due to Arnold.\r\nI wish to thank Yu. S. Illyashenko for constant attention to this work and useful discussions and\r\nR. I. Bogdanov for help in the preparation of this paper. " article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Vadim full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425 last_name: Kaloshin orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628 citation: ama: Kaloshin V. Prevalence in the space of finitely smooth maps. Functional Analysis and Its Applications. 1997;31(2):95-99. doi:10.1007/bf02466014 apa: Kaloshin, V. (1997). Prevalence in the space of finitely smooth maps. Functional Analysis and Its Applications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02466014 chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim. “Prevalence in the Space of Finitely Smooth Maps.” Functional Analysis and Its Applications. Springer Nature, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1007/bf02466014. ieee: V. Kaloshin, “Prevalence in the space of finitely smooth maps,” Functional Analysis and Its Applications, vol. 31, no. 2. Springer Nature, pp. 95–99, 1997. ista: Kaloshin V. 1997. Prevalence in the space of finitely smooth maps. Functional Analysis and Its Applications. 31(2), 95–99. mla: Kaloshin, Vadim. “Prevalence in the Space of Finitely Smooth Maps.” Functional Analysis and Its Applications, vol. 31, no. 2, Springer Nature, 1997, pp. 95–99, doi:10.1007/bf02466014. short: V. Kaloshin, Functional Analysis and Its Applications 31 (1997) 95–99. date_created: 2020-09-18T10:50:54Z date_published: 1997-03-30T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:54Z day: '30' doi: 10.1007/bf02466014 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 31' issue: '2' keyword: - Applied Mathematics - Analysis language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa_version: None page: 95-99 publication: Functional Analysis and Its Applications publication_identifier: issn: - 0016-2663 - 1573-8485 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Prevalence in the space of finitely smooth maps type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 31 year: '1997' ... --- _id: '8527' abstract: - lang: eng text: We introduce a new potential-theoretic definition of the dimension spectrum of a probability measure for q > 1 and explain its relation to prior definitions. We apply this definition to prove that if and is a Borel probability measure with compact support in , then under almost every linear transformation from to , the q-dimension of the image of is ; in particular, the q-dimension of is preserved provided . We also present results on the preservation of information dimension and pointwise dimension. Finally, for and q > 2 we give examples for which is not preserved by any linear transformation into . All results for typical linear transformations are also proved for typical (in the sense of prevalence) continuously differentiable functions. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Brian R full_name: Hunt, Brian R last_name: Hunt - first_name: Vadim full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425 last_name: Kaloshin orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628 citation: ama: Hunt BR, Kaloshin V. How projections affect the dimension spectrum of fractal measures. Nonlinearity. 1997;10(5):1031-1046. doi:10.1088/0951-7715/10/5/002 apa: Hunt, B. R., & Kaloshin, V. (1997). How projections affect the dimension spectrum of fractal measures. Nonlinearity. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/0951-7715/10/5/002 chicago: Hunt, Brian R, and Vadim Kaloshin. “How Projections Affect the Dimension Spectrum of Fractal Measures.” Nonlinearity. IOP Publishing, 1997. https://doi.org/10.1088/0951-7715/10/5/002. ieee: B. R. Hunt and V. Kaloshin, “How projections affect the dimension spectrum of fractal measures,” Nonlinearity, vol. 10, no. 5. IOP Publishing, pp. 1031–1046, 1997. ista: Hunt BR, Kaloshin V. 1997. How projections affect the dimension spectrum of fractal measures. Nonlinearity. 10(5), 1031–1046. mla: Hunt, Brian R., and Vadim Kaloshin. “How Projections Affect the Dimension Spectrum of Fractal Measures.” Nonlinearity, vol. 10, no. 5, IOP Publishing, 1997, pp. 1031–46, doi:10.1088/0951-7715/10/5/002. short: B.R. Hunt, V. Kaloshin, Nonlinearity 10 (1997) 1031–1046. date_created: 2020-09-18T10:50:41Z date_published: 1997-06-19T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:53Z day: '19' doi: 10.1088/0951-7715/10/5/002 extern: '1' intvolume: ' 10' issue: '5' keyword: - Mathematical Physics - General Physics and Astronomy - Applied Mathematics - Statistical and Nonlinear Physics language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa_version: None page: 1031-1046 publication: Nonlinearity publication_identifier: issn: - 0951-7715 - 1361-6544 publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: How projections affect the dimension spectrum of fractal measures type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 10 year: '1997' ...