[{"publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"AIP Conference Proceedings","_id":"17651","day":"12","intvolume":"      1480","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":1480,"status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754372"}],"month":"09","date_published":"2012-09-12T00:00:00Z","author":[{"id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman"},{"full_name":"Tanaka, Takamitsu","first_name":"Takamitsu","last_name":"Tanaka"},{"full_name":"Perna, Rosalba","first_name":"Rosalba","last_name":"Perna"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0094-243X"]},"publisher":"American Institute of Physics","doi":"10.1063/1.4754372","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"None","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","page":"303-308","article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","conference":{"name":"FIRST STARS IV - From Hayashi to the Future","location":"Kyoto, Japan","start_date":"2012-05-21","end_date":"2012-05-25"},"date_updated":"2024-09-24T13:16:41Z","citation":{"ieee":"Z. Haiman, T. Tanaka, and R. Perna, “Self-regulating the early growth of black holes through global warming,” in <i>AIP Conference Proceedings</i>, Kyoto, Japan, 2012, vol. 1480, pp. 303–308.","mla":"Haiman, Zoltán, et al. “Self-Regulating the Early Growth of Black Holes through Global Warming.” <i>AIP Conference Proceedings</i>, vol. 1480, American Institute of Physics, 2012, pp. 303–08, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754372\">10.1063/1.4754372</a>.","chicago":"Haiman, Zoltán, Takamitsu Tanaka, and Rosalba Perna. “Self-Regulating the Early Growth of Black Holes through Global Warming.” In <i>AIP Conference Proceedings</i>, 1480:303–8. American Institute of Physics, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754372\">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754372</a>.","apa":"Haiman, Z., Tanaka, T., &#38; Perna, R. (2012). Self-regulating the early growth of black holes through global warming. In <i>AIP Conference Proceedings</i> (Vol. 1480, pp. 303–308). Kyoto, Japan: American Institute of Physics. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754372\">https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754372</a>","ista":"Haiman Z, Tanaka T, Perna R. 2012. Self-regulating the early growth of black holes through global warming. AIP Conference Proceedings. FIRST STARS IV - From Hayashi to the Future vol. 1480, 303–308.","short":"Z. Haiman, T. Tanaka, R. Perna, in:, AIP Conference Proceedings, American Institute of Physics, 2012, pp. 303–308.","ama":"Haiman Z, Tanaka T, Perna R. Self-regulating the early growth of black holes through global warming. In: <i>AIP Conference Proceedings</i>. Vol 1480. American Institute of Physics; 2012:303-308. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1063/1.4754372\">10.1063/1.4754372</a>"},"type":"conference","year":"2012","title":"Self-regulating the early growth of black holes through global warming","date_created":"2024-09-06T07:29:59Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"A decade after their first discovery, the origin of giant supermassive black holes (SMBHs), with masses in excess of 109 Msolar, at redshifts as early as z > 6, remains a puzzle. One possibility is that stellar-mass ``seed'' BHs, left behind by the first stars, accrete gas at close to the Eddington limit during a large fraction (>~ 50%) of the time. While maintaining such a high accretion rate may itself be difficult, here we focus on another, less commonly discussed problem in this scenario: unless BH seed formation and growth are preferentially suppressed in less massive protogalaxies, the mass density in M~106Msolar SMBHs at z ~ 6 already exceeds the locally observed SMBH mass density by several orders of magnitude. We show that the X-rays from the earliest accreting BHs themselves can cause a self-regulation, by partially ionizing and heating the intergalactic medium (IGM). This ``global warming'' suppresses the formation and growth of subsequent generations of BHs in low-mass halos, and can produce excellent agreement with recent estimates of the z = 6 SMBH mass function, without impeding the growth of the largest (M>~109Msolar) holes, which reside in the most massive galaxies that formed first. The proposed gravitational-wave observatory eLISA could detect several tens of major mergers between SMBHs at z > 6."}]},{"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x","title":"Gas pile-up, gap overflow and Type 1.5 migration in circumbinary discs: General theory","year":"2012","page":"2660-2679","extern":"1","_id":"17660","issue":"3","article_type":"original","publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Kocsis","first_name":"Bence","full_name":"Kocsis, Bence"},{"last_name":"Haiman","first_name":"Zoltán","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36"},{"last_name":"Loeb","full_name":"Loeb, Abraham","first_name":"Abraham"}],"month":"12","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711","1365-2966"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","oa":1,"citation":{"short":"B. Kocsis, Z. Haiman, A. Loeb, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 427 (2012) 2660–2679.","ista":"Kocsis B, Haiman Z, Loeb A. 2012. Gas pile-up, gap overflow and Type 1.5 migration in circumbinary discs: General theory. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 427(3), 2660–2679.","ama":"Kocsis B, Haiman Z, Loeb A. Gas pile-up, gap overflow and Type 1.5 migration in circumbinary discs: General theory. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2012;427(3):2660-2679. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x</a>","apa":"Kocsis, B., Haiman, Z., &#38; Loeb, A. (2012). Gas pile-up, gap overflow and Type 1.5 migration in circumbinary discs: General theory. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x</a>","chicago":"Kocsis, Bence, Zoltán Haiman, and Abraham Loeb. “Gas Pile-up, Gap Overflow and Type 1.5 Migration in Circumbinary Discs: General Theory.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x</a>.","mla":"Kocsis, Bence, et al. “Gas Pile-up, Gap Overflow and Type 1.5 Migration in Circumbinary Discs: General Theory.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 427, no. 3, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 2660–79, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.22129.x</a>.","ieee":"B. Kocsis, Z. Haiman, and A. Loeb, “Gas pile-up, gap overflow and Type 1.5 migration in circumbinary discs: General theory,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 427, no. 3. Oxford University Press, pp. 2660–2679, 2012."},"date_updated":"2024-09-25T07:21:05Z","date_created":"2024-09-06T07:38:16Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Many astrophysical binaries, from planets to black holes, exert strong torques on their circumbinary accretion discs, and are expected to significantly modify the disc structure. Despite the several decade long history of the subject, the joint evolution of the binary + disc system has not been modelled with self-consistent assumptions for arbitrary mass ratios and accretion rates. Here, we solve the coupled binary–disc evolution equations analytically in the strongly perturbed limit, treating the azimuthally averaged angular momentum exchange between the disc and the binary and the modifications to the density, scaleheight, and viscosity self-consistently, including viscous and tidal heating, diffusion limited cooling, radiation pressure and the orbital decay of the binary. We find a solution with a central cavity and a migration rate similar to those previously obtained for Type II migration, applicable for large masses and binary separations, and near-equal mass ratios. However, we identify a distinct new regime, applicable at smaller separations and masses, and mass ratio in the range 10−3 ≲ q ≲ 0.1. For these systems, gas piles up outside the binary's orbit, but rather than creating a cavity, it continuously overflows as in a porous dam. The disc profile is intermediate between a weakly perturbed disc (producing Type I migration) and a disc with a gap (with Type II migration). However, the migration rate of the secondary is typically slower than both Type I and Type II rates. We term this new regime ‘Type 1.5’ migration."}],"type":"journal_article","article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":"       427","day":"11","alternative_title":["Overflow and migration: general theory"],"publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","date_published":"2012-12-11T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":427},{"_id":"17674","article_type":"original","issue":"4","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","author":[{"first_name":"Cien","full_name":"Shang, Cien","last_name":"Shang"},{"id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman"},{"last_name":"Knox","full_name":"Knox, Lloyd","first_name":"Lloyd"},{"full_name":"Oh, S. Peng","first_name":"S. Peng","last_name":"Oh"}],"status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x","open_access":"1"}],"month":"04","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x","year":"2012","title":"Improved models for cosmic infrared background anisotropies: New constraints on the infrared galaxy population","page":"2832-2845","extern":"1","day":"10","intvolume":"       421","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","alternative_title":["Improved models for CIB anisotropies"],"date_published":"2012-04-10T00:00:00Z","volume":421,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1","date_updated":"2024-09-25T08:36:17Z","oa":1,"citation":{"apa":"Shang, C., Haiman, Z., Knox, L., &#38; Oh, S. P. (2012). Improved models for cosmic infrared background anisotropies: New constraints on the infrared galaxy population. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x</a>","chicago":"Shang, Cien, Zoltán Haiman, Lloyd Knox, and S. Peng Oh. “Improved Models for Cosmic Infrared Background Anisotropies: New Constraints on the Infrared Galaxy Population.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x</a>.","ieee":"C. Shang, Z. Haiman, L. Knox, and S. P. Oh, “Improved models for cosmic infrared background anisotropies: New constraints on the infrared galaxy population,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 421, no. 4. Oxford University Press, pp. 2832–2845, 2012.","mla":"Shang, Cien, et al. “Improved Models for Cosmic Infrared Background Anisotropies: New Constraints on the Infrared Galaxy Population.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 421, no. 4, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 2832–45, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x</a>.","ama":"Shang C, Haiman Z, Knox L, Oh SP. Improved models for cosmic infrared background anisotropies: New constraints on the infrared galaxy population. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2012;421(4):2832-2845. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.20510.x</a>","short":"C. Shang, Z. Haiman, L. Knox, S.P. Oh, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 421 (2012) 2832–2845.","ista":"Shang C, Haiman Z, Knox L, Oh SP. 2012. Improved models for cosmic infrared background anisotropies: New constraints on the infrared galaxy population. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 421(4), 2832–2845."},"type":"journal_article","date_created":"2024-09-06T07:50:37Z","abstract":[{"text":"The power spectrum of cosmic infrared background (CIB) anisotropies is sensitive to the connection between star formation and dark matter haloes over the entire cosmic star formation history. Here we develop a model that associates star‐forming galaxies with dark matter haloes and their subhaloes. The model is based on a parametrized relation between the dust‐processed infrared luminosity and (sub)halo mass. By adjusting three free parameters, we attempt to simultaneously fit the four frequency bands of the Planck measurement of the CIB anisotropy power spectrum. To fit the data, we find that the star formation efficiency must peak on a halo mass scale of ≈5 × 10^12 M⊙ and the infrared luminosity per unit mass must increase rapidly with redshift. By comparing our predictions with a well‐calibrated phenomenological model for shot noise, and with a direct observation of source counts, we show that the mean duty cycle of the underlying infrared sources must be near unity, indicating that the CIB is dominated by long‐lived quiescent star formation, rather than intermittent short ‘starbursts’. Despite the improved flexibility of our model, the best simultaneous fit to all four Planck channels remains relatively poor. We discuss possible further extensions to alleviate the remaining tension with the data. Our model presents a theoretical framework for a future joint analysis of both background anisotropy and source count measurements.","lang":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No"},{"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","issue":"10","article_type":"original","_id":"17675","month":"04","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":" https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1109.6334"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Jan M.","full_name":"Kratochvil, Jan M.","last_name":"Kratochvil"},{"last_name":"Lim","full_name":"Lim, Eugene A.","first_name":"Eugene A."},{"last_name":"Wang","first_name":"Sheng","full_name":"Wang, Sheng"},{"last_name":"Haiman","first_name":"Zoltán","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36"},{"last_name":"May","first_name":"Morgan","full_name":"May, Morgan"},{"last_name":"Huffenberger","full_name":"Huffenberger, Kevin","first_name":"Kevin"}],"doi":"10.1103/physrevd.85.103513","publisher":"American Physical Society","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","extern":"1","title":"Probing cosmology with weak lensing Minkowski functionals","year":"2012","publication":"Physical Review D","external_id":{"arxiv":["1109.6334"]},"intvolume":"        85","day":"10","volume":85,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2012-04-10T00:00:00Z","scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Preprint","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1550-7998","1550-2368"]},"article_number":"103513","article_processing_charge":"No","date_created":"2024-09-06T07:51:45Z","abstract":[{"text":"In this paper, we show that Minkowski Functionals (MFs) of weak gravitational lensing (WL) convergence maps contain significant non-Gaussian, cosmology-dependent information. To do this, we use a large suite of cosmological ray-tracing N-body simulations to create mock WL convergence maps, and study the cosmological information content of MFs derived from these maps. Our suite consists of 80 independent 512^3 N-body runs, covering seven different cosmologies, varying three cosmological parameters Omega_m, w, and sigma_8 one at a time, around a fiducial LambdaCDM model. In each cosmology, we use ray-tracing to create a thousand pseudo-independent 12 deg^2 convergence maps, and use these in a Monte Carlo procedure to estimate the joint confidence contours on the above three parameters. We include redshift tomography at three different source redshifts z_s=1, 1.5, 2, explore five different smoothing scales theta_G=1, 2, 3, 5, 10 arcmin, and explicitly compare and combine the MFs with the WL power spectrum. We find that the MFs capture a substantial amount of information from non-Gaussian features of convergence maps, i.e. beyond the power spectrum. The MFs are particularly well suited to break degeneracies and to constrain the dark energy equation of state parameter w (by a factor of ~ three better than from the power spectrum alone). The non-Gaussian information derives partly from the one-point function of the convergence (through V_0, the \"area\" MF), and partly through non-linear spatial information (through combining different smoothing scales for V_0, and through V_1 and V_2, the boundary length and genus MFs, respectively). In contrast to the power spectrum, the best constraints from the MFs are obtained only when multiple smoothing scales are combined.","lang":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","arxiv":1,"citation":{"ieee":"J. M. Kratochvil, E. A. Lim, S. Wang, Z. Haiman, M. May, and K. Huffenberger, “Probing cosmology with weak lensing Minkowski functionals,” <i>Physical Review D</i>, vol. 85, no. 10. American Physical Society, 2012.","mla":"Kratochvil, Jan M., et al. “Probing Cosmology with Weak Lensing Minkowski Functionals.” <i>Physical Review D</i>, vol. 85, no. 10, 103513, American Physical Society, 2012, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.85.103513\">10.1103/physrevd.85.103513</a>.","chicago":"Kratochvil, Jan M., Eugene A. Lim, Sheng Wang, Zoltán Haiman, Morgan May, and Kevin Huffenberger. “Probing Cosmology with Weak Lensing Minkowski Functionals.” <i>Physical Review D</i>. American Physical Society, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.85.103513\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.85.103513</a>.","apa":"Kratochvil, J. M., Lim, E. A., Wang, S., Haiman, Z., May, M., &#38; Huffenberger, K. (2012). Probing cosmology with weak lensing Minkowski functionals. <i>Physical Review D</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.85.103513\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.85.103513</a>","short":"J.M. Kratochvil, E.A. Lim, S. Wang, Z. Haiman, M. May, K. Huffenberger, Physical Review D 85 (2012).","ista":"Kratochvil JM, Lim EA, Wang S, Haiman Z, May M, Huffenberger K. 2012. Probing cosmology with weak lensing Minkowski functionals. Physical Review D. 85(10), 103513.","ama":"Kratochvil JM, Lim EA, Wang S, Haiman Z, May M, Huffenberger K. Probing cosmology with weak lensing Minkowski functionals. <i>Physical Review D</i>. 2012;85(10). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.85.103513\">10.1103/physrevd.85.103513</a>"},"oa":1,"date_updated":"2024-09-25T08:41:09Z"},{"month":"11","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts253","open_access":"1"}],"status":"public","author":[{"last_name":"Schroeder","first_name":"Joshua","full_name":"Schroeder, Joshua"},{"full_name":"Mesinger, Andrei","first_name":"Andrei","last_name":"Mesinger"},{"last_name":"Haiman","first_name":"Zoltán","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36"}],"publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","_id":"17678","issue":"4","article_type":"original","page":"3058-3071","extern":"1","title":"Evidence of Gunn–Peterson damping wings in high-z quasar spectra: Strengthening the case for incomplete reionization at z ∼ 6–7","year":"2012","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/mnras/sts253","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","volume":428,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2012-11-22T00:00:00Z","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","intvolume":"       428","day":"22","article_processing_charge":"No","oa":1,"citation":{"apa":"Schroeder, J., Mesinger, A., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2012). Evidence of Gunn–Peterson damping wings in high-z quasar spectra: Strengthening the case for incomplete reionization at z ∼ 6–7. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts253\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts253</a>","chicago":"Schroeder, Joshua, Andrei Mesinger, and Zoltán Haiman. “Evidence of Gunn–Peterson Damping Wings in High-z Quasar Spectra: Strengthening the Case for Incomplete Reionization at z ∼ 6–7.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts253\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts253</a>.","ieee":"J. Schroeder, A. Mesinger, and Z. Haiman, “Evidence of Gunn–Peterson damping wings in high-z quasar spectra: Strengthening the case for incomplete reionization at z ∼ 6–7,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 428, no. 4. Oxford University Press, pp. 3058–3071, 2012.","mla":"Schroeder, Joshua, et al. “Evidence of Gunn–Peterson Damping Wings in High-z Quasar Spectra: Strengthening the Case for Incomplete Reionization at z ∼ 6–7.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 428, no. 4, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 3058–71, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts253\">10.1093/mnras/sts253</a>.","ama":"Schroeder J, Mesinger A, Haiman Z. Evidence of Gunn–Peterson damping wings in high-z quasar spectra: Strengthening the case for incomplete reionization at z ∼ 6–7. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2012;428(4):3058-3071. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/sts253\">10.1093/mnras/sts253</a>","short":"J. Schroeder, A. Mesinger, Z. Haiman, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 428 (2012) 3058–3071.","ista":"Schroeder J, Mesinger A, Haiman Z. 2012. Evidence of Gunn–Peterson damping wings in high-z quasar spectra: Strengthening the case for incomplete reionization at z ∼ 6–7. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 428(4), 3058–3071."},"date_updated":"2024-09-25T08:53:21Z","date_created":"2024-09-06T08:04:35Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The spectra of several high-redshift (z>6) quasars have shown evidence for a Gunn-Peterson (GP) damping wing, indicating a substantial mean neutral hydrogen fraction (x_HI > 0.03) in the z ~ 6 intergalactic medium (IGM). However, previous analyses assumed that the IGM was uniformly ionized outside of the quasar's HII region. Here we relax this assumption and model patchy reionization scenarios for a range of IGM and quasar parameters. We quantify the impact of these differences on the inferred x_HI, by fitting the spectra of three quasars: SDSS J1148+5251 (z=6.419), J1030+0524 (z=6.308), and J1623+3112 (z=6.247). We find that the best-fit values of x_HI in the patchy models agree well with the uniform case. More importantly, we confirm that the observed spectra favor the presence of a GP damping wing, with peak likelihoods decreasing by factors of > few - 10 when the spectra are modeled without a damping wing. We also find that the Ly alpha absorption spectra, by themselves, cannot distinguish the damping wing in a relatively neutral IGM from a damping wing in a highly ionized IGM, caused either by an isolated neutral patch, or by a damped Ly alpha absorber (DLA). However, neutral patches in a highly ionized universe (x_HI < 0.01), and DLAs with the large required column densities (N_HI > few x 10^{20} cm^{-2}) are both rare. As a result, when we include reasonable prior probabilities for the line of sight (LOS) to intercept either a neutral patch or a DLA at the required distance of ~ 40-60 comoving Mpc away from the quasar, we find strong lower limits on the neutral fraction in the IGM, x_HI > 0.1 (at 95% confidence). This strengthens earlier claims that a substantial global fraction of hydrogen in the z~6 IGM is in neutral form."}],"type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711","1365-2966"]},"oa_version":"Published Version","scopus_import":"1"},{"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x","year":"2012","title":"Electromagnetic counterparts of supermassive black hole binaries resolved by pulsar timing arrays","page":"705-719","extern":"1","_id":"17688","article_type":"original","issue":"1","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","author":[{"last_name":"Tanaka","full_name":"Tanaka, Takamitsu","first_name":"Takamitsu"},{"full_name":"Menou, Kristen","first_name":"Kristen","last_name":"Menou"},{"id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman"}],"month":"01","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x"}],"status":"public","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"]},"scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"citation":{"ista":"Tanaka T, Menou K, Haiman Z. 2012. Electromagnetic counterparts of supermassive black hole binaries resolved by pulsar timing arrays. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 420(1), 705–719.","short":"T. Tanaka, K. Menou, Z. Haiman, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 420 (2012) 705–719.","ama":"Tanaka T, Menou K, Haiman Z. Electromagnetic counterparts of supermassive black hole binaries resolved by pulsar timing arrays. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2012;420(1):705-719. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x</a>","ieee":"T. Tanaka, K. Menou, and Z. Haiman, “Electromagnetic counterparts of supermassive black hole binaries resolved by pulsar timing arrays,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 420, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 705–719, 2012.","mla":"Tanaka, Takamitsu, et al. “Electromagnetic Counterparts of Supermassive Black Hole Binaries Resolved by Pulsar Timing Arrays.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 420, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 705–19, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x</a>.","chicago":"Tanaka, Takamitsu, Kristen Menou, and Zoltán Haiman. “Electromagnetic Counterparts of Supermassive Black Hole Binaries Resolved by Pulsar Timing Arrays.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x</a>.","apa":"Tanaka, T., Menou, K., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2012). Electromagnetic counterparts of supermassive black hole binaries resolved by pulsar timing arrays. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2011.20083.x</a>"},"date_updated":"2024-09-25T09:49:01Z","date_created":"2024-09-06T08:23:06Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Pulsar timing arrays (PTAs) are expected to detect gravitational waves (GWs) from individual low-redshift (z<1.5) compact supermassive (M>10^9 Msun) black hole (SMBH) binaries with orbital periods of approx. 0.1 - 10 yrs. Identifying the electromagnetic (EM) counterparts of these sources would provide confirmation of putative direct detections of GWs, present a rare opportunity to study the environments of compact SMBH binaries, and could enable the use of these sources as standard sirens for cosmology. Here we consider the feasibility of such an EM identification. We show that because the host galaxies of resolved PTA sources are expected to be exceptionally massive and rare, it should be possible to find unique hosts of resolved sources out to redshift z=0.2. At higher redshifts, the PTA error boxes are larger, and may contain as many as 100 massive-galaxy interlopers. The number of candidates, however, remains tractable for follow-up searches in upcoming wide-field EM surveys. We develop a toy model to characterize the dynamics and the thermal emission from a geometrically thin, gaseous disc accreting onto a PTA-source SMBH binary. Our model predicts that at optical and infrared frequencies, the source should appear similar to a typical luminous active galactic nucleus (AGN). However, owing to the evacuation of the accretion flow by the binary's tidal torques, the source might have an unusually low soft X-ray luminosity and weak UV and broad optical emission lines, as compared to an AGN powered by a single SMBH with the same total mass. For sources near z=1, the decrement in the rest-frame UV should be observable as an extremely red optical color. These properties would make the PTA sources stand out among optically luminous AGN, and could allow their unique identification."}],"type":"journal_article","article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":"       420","day":"23","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","alternative_title":["Electromagnetic counterparts of PTA sources"],"date_published":"2012-01-23T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":420},{"page":"2974-2987","extern":"1","title":"X-ray emission from high-redshift miniquasars: Self-regulating the population of massive black holes through global warming","year":"2012","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x"}],"month":"10","author":[{"last_name":"Tanaka","full_name":"Tanaka, Takamitsu","first_name":"Takamitsu"},{"full_name":"Perna, Rosalba","first_name":"Rosalba","last_name":"Perna"},{"last_name":"Haiman","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","first_name":"Zoltán"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","_id":"17705","issue":"4","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No","date_updated":"2024-09-25T11:40:30Z","oa":1,"citation":{"ieee":"T. Tanaka, R. Perna, and Z. Haiman, “X-ray emission from high-redshift miniquasars: Self-regulating the population of massive black holes through global warming,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 425, no. 4. Oxford University Press, pp. 2974–2987, 2012.","mla":"Tanaka, Takamitsu, et al. “X-Ray Emission from High-Redshift Miniquasars: Self-Regulating the Population of Massive Black Holes through Global Warming.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 425, no. 4, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 2974–87, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x</a>.","chicago":"Tanaka, Takamitsu, Rosalba Perna, and Zoltán Haiman. “X-Ray Emission from High-Redshift Miniquasars: Self-Regulating the Population of Massive Black Holes through Global Warming.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x</a>.","apa":"Tanaka, T., Perna, R., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2012). X-ray emission from high-redshift miniquasars: Self-regulating the population of massive black holes through global warming. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x</a>","ama":"Tanaka T, Perna R, Haiman Z. X-ray emission from high-redshift miniquasars: Self-regulating the population of massive black holes through global warming. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2012;425(4):2974-2987. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2012.21539.x</a>","short":"T. Tanaka, R. Perna, Z. Haiman, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 425 (2012) 2974–2987.","ista":"Tanaka T, Perna R, Haiman Z. 2012. X-ray emission from high-redshift miniquasars: Self-regulating the population of massive black holes through global warming. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 425(4), 2974–2987."},"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Observations of high-redshift quasars at z>6 imply that supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with masses over a billion solar masses were in place less than 1 Gyr after the Big Bang. If these SMBHs assembled from \"seed\" BHs left behind by the first stars, then they must have accreted gas at close to the Eddington limit during a large fraction (>50%) of the time. A generic problem with this scenario, however, is that the mass density in million-solar-mass SMBHs at z=6 already exceeds the locally observed SMBH mass density by several orders of magnitude; in order to avoid this overproduction, BH seed formation and growth must become significantly less efficient in less massive protogalaxies, while proceeding uninterrupted in the most massive galaxies that formed first. Using Monte-Carlo realizations of the merger and growth history of BHs, we show that X-rays from the earliest accreting BHs can provide such a feedback mechanism. Our calculations paint a self-consistent picture of black-hole-made climate change, in which the first miniquasars---among them the ancestors of the z>6 quasar SMBHs---globally warm the IGM and suppress the formation and growth of subsequent generations of BHs. We present two specific models with global miniquasar feedback that provide excellent agreement with recent estimates of the z=6 SMBH mass function. For each of these models, we estimate the rate of BH mergers at z>6 that could be detected by the proposed gravitational-wave observatory eLISA/NGO."}],"date_created":"2024-09-06T08:50:56Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"]},"scopus_import":"1","oa_version":"Published Version","volume":425,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","alternative_title":["IGM global warming by high-redshift miniquasars"],"publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","day":"01","intvolume":"       425"},{"volume":51,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"01","status":"public","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-3650-940X","last_name":"Alistarh","first_name":"Dan-Adrian","full_name":"Alistarh, Dan-Adrian","id":"4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Gilbert, Seth","first_name":"Seth","last_name":"Gilbert"},{"first_name":"Rachid","full_name":"Guerraoui, Rachid","last_name":"Guerraoui"},{"last_name":"Travers","first_name":"Corentin","full_name":"Travers, Corentin"}],"date_published":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","publication":"Theory of Computing Systems","_id":"767","intvolume":"        51","day":"01","issue":"4","page":"404 - 424","article_processing_charge":"No","acknowledgement":"Dan Alistarh was supported by the NCCR MICS Project. Corentin Travers had additional support from INRIA team REGAL and ANR project SPREADS.\r\nThe authors would like to thank Hagit Attiya and Nikola Kneževi\r\n ́\r\nc for their feed-\r\nback on previous drafts of this paper, and the anonymous reviewers for their useful comments.","extern":"1","publist_id":"6891","citation":{"ieee":"D.-A. Alistarh, S. Gilbert, R. Guerraoui, and C. Travers, “Generating Fast Indulgent Algorithms,” <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>, vol. 51, no. 4. Elsevier, pp. 404–424, 2012.","mla":"Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, et al. “Generating Fast Indulgent Algorithms.” <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>, vol. 51, no. 4, Elsevier, 2012, pp. 404–24, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2\">10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2</a>.","chicago":"Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, Seth Gilbert, Rachid Guerraoui, and Corentin Travers. “Generating Fast Indulgent Algorithms.” <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>. Elsevier, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2</a>.","apa":"Alistarh, D.-A., Gilbert, S., Guerraoui, R., &#38; Travers, C. (2012). Generating Fast Indulgent Algorithms. <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2</a>","short":"D.-A. Alistarh, S. Gilbert, R. Guerraoui, C. Travers, Theory of Computing Systems 51 (2012) 404–424.","ista":"Alistarh D-A, Gilbert S, Guerraoui R, Travers C. 2012. Generating Fast Indulgent Algorithms. Theory of Computing Systems. 51(4), 404–424.","ama":"Alistarh D-A, Gilbert S, Guerraoui R, Travers C. Generating Fast Indulgent Algorithms. <i>Theory of Computing Systems</i>. 2012;51(4):404-424. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2\">10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2</a>"},"date_updated":"2023-02-23T13:13:40Z","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:23Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Synchronous distributed algorithms are easier to design and prove correct than algorithms that tolerate asynchrony. Yet, in the real world, networks experience asynchrony and other timing anomalies. In this paper, we address the question of how to efficiently transform an algorithm that relies on synchronous timing into an algorithm that tolerates asynchronous executions. We introduce a transformation technique from synchronous algorithms to indulgent algorithms (Guerraoui, in PODC, pp. 289-297, 2000), which induces only a constant overhead in terms of time complexity in well-behaved executions. Our technique is based on a new abstraction we call an asynchrony detector, which the participating processes implement collectively. The resulting transformation works for the class of colorless distributed tasks, including consensus and set agreement. Interestingly, we also show that our technique is relevant for colored tasks, by applying it to the renaming problem, to obtain the first indulgent renaming algorithm."}],"title":"Generating Fast Indulgent Algorithms","year":"2012","type":"journal_article","publisher":"Elsevier","oa_version":"None","doi":"10.1007/s00224-012-9407-2","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"month":"06","status":"public","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":15,"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","first_name":"Matthew Richard","last_name":"Robinson"},{"full_name":"Sander van Doorn, G.","first_name":"G.","last_name":"Sander van Doorn"},{"last_name":"Gustafsson","full_name":"Gustafsson, Lars","first_name":"Lars"},{"first_name":"Anna","full_name":"Qvarnström, Anna","last_name":"Qvarnström"}],"date_published":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"Ecology Letters","publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","intvolume":"        15","issue":"6","article_type":"original","day":"01","_id":"7748","extern":"1","page":"611-618","article_processing_charge":"No","abstract":[{"text":"Female mate choice acts as an important evolutionary force, yet the influence of the environment on both its expression and the selective pressures acting upon it remains unknown. We found consistent heritable differences between females in their choice of mate based on ornament size during a 25‐year study of a population of collared flycatchers. However, the fitness consequences of mate choice were dependent on environmental conditions experienced whilst breeding. Females breeding with highly ornamented males experienced high relative fitness during dry summer conditions, but low relative fitness during wetter years. Our results imply that sexual selection within a population can be highly variable and dependent upon the prevailing weather conditions experienced by individuals.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2020-04-30T11:01:07Z","type":"journal_article","year":"2012","title":"Environment-dependent selection on mate choice in a natural population of birds","citation":{"ama":"Robinson MR, Sander van Doorn G, Gustafsson L, Qvarnström A. Environment-dependent selection on mate choice in a natural population of birds. <i>Ecology Letters</i>. 2012;15(6):611-618. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x\">10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x</a>","ista":"Robinson MR, Sander van Doorn G, Gustafsson L, Qvarnström A. 2012. Environment-dependent selection on mate choice in a natural population of birds. Ecology Letters. 15(6), 611–618.","short":"M.R. Robinson, G. Sander van Doorn, L. Gustafsson, A. Qvarnström, Ecology Letters 15 (2012) 611–618.","apa":"Robinson, M. R., Sander van Doorn, G., Gustafsson, L., &#38; Qvarnström, A. (2012). Environment-dependent selection on mate choice in a natural population of birds. <i>Ecology Letters</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x</a>","chicago":"Robinson, Matthew Richard, G. Sander van Doorn, Lars Gustafsson, and Anna Qvarnström. “Environment-Dependent Selection on Mate Choice in a Natural Population of Birds.” <i>Ecology Letters</i>. Wiley, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x</a>.","mla":"Robinson, Matthew Richard, et al. “Environment-Dependent Selection on Mate Choice in a Natural Population of Birds.” <i>Ecology Letters</i>, vol. 15, no. 6, Wiley, 2012, pp. 611–18, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x\">10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x</a>.","ieee":"M. R. Robinson, G. Sander van Doorn, L. Gustafsson, and A. Qvarnström, “Environment-dependent selection on mate choice in a natural population of birds,” <i>Ecology Letters</i>, vol. 15, no. 6. Wiley, pp. 611–618, 2012."},"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:15Z","oa_version":"None","doi":"10.1111/j.1461-0248.2012.01780.x","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1461-023X"]},"publisher":"Wiley","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"page":"260-266","article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Robinson, Matthew Richard, Khyne U Mar, and Virpi Lummaa. “Senescence and Age-Specific Trade-Offs between Reproduction and Survival in Female Asian Elephants.” <i>Ecology Letters</i>. Wiley, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x</a>.","apa":"Robinson, M. R., Mar, K. U., &#38; Lummaa, V. (2012). Senescence and age-specific trade-offs between reproduction and survival in female Asian elephants. <i>Ecology Letters</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x</a>","ieee":"M. R. Robinson, K. U. Mar, and V. Lummaa, “Senescence and age-specific trade-offs between reproduction and survival in female Asian elephants,” <i>Ecology Letters</i>, vol. 15, no. 3. Wiley, pp. 260–266, 2012.","mla":"Robinson, Matthew Richard, et al. “Senescence and Age-Specific Trade-Offs between Reproduction and Survival in Female Asian Elephants.” <i>Ecology Letters</i>, vol. 15, no. 3, Wiley, 2012, pp. 260–66, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x\">10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x</a>.","ama":"Robinson MR, Mar KU, Lummaa V. Senescence and age-specific trade-offs between reproduction and survival in female Asian elephants. <i>Ecology Letters</i>. 2012;15(3):260-266. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x\">10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x</a>","short":"M.R. Robinson, K.U. Mar, V. Lummaa, Ecology Letters 15 (2012) 260–266.","ista":"Robinson MR, Mar KU, Lummaa V. 2012. Senescence and age-specific trade-offs between reproduction and survival in female Asian elephants. Ecology Letters. 15(3), 260–266."},"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:16Z","abstract":[{"text":"Although studies on laboratory species and natural populations of vertebrates have shown reproduction to impair later performance, little is known of the age‐specific associations between reproduction and survival, and how such findings apply to the ageing of large, long‐lived species. Herein we develop a framework to examine population‐level patterns of reproduction and survival across lifespan in long‐lived organisms, and decompose those changes into individual‐level effects, and the effects of age‐specific trade‐offs between fitness components. We apply this to an extensive longitudinal dataset on female semi‐captive Asian timber elephants (Elephas maximus) and report the first evidence of age‐specific fitness declines that are driven by age‐specific associations between fitness components in a long‐lived mammal. Associations between reproduction and survival are positive in early life, but negative in later life with up to 71% of later‐life survival declines associated with investing in the production of offspring within this population of this critically endangered species.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2020-04-30T11:01:26Z","year":"2012","type":"journal_article","title":"Senescence and age-specific trade-offs between reproduction and survival in female Asian elephants","publisher":"Wiley","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1461-023X"]},"oa_version":"None","doi":"10.1111/j.1461-0248.2011.01735.x","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":15,"month":"03","status":"public","author":[{"first_name":"Matthew Richard","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","last_name":"Robinson","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813"},{"first_name":"Khyne U","full_name":"Mar, Khyne U","last_name":"Mar"},{"last_name":"Lummaa","full_name":"Lummaa, Virpi","first_name":"Virpi"}],"date_published":"2012-03-01T00:00:00Z","publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Ecology Letters","_id":"7749","intvolume":"        15","issue":"3","day":"01","article_type":"original"},{"article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","article_number":"095704","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:15:27Z","citation":{"apa":"Goodrich, C. P., Liu, A. J., &#38; Nagel, S. R. (2012). Finite-size scaling at the jamming transition. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704</a>","chicago":"Goodrich, Carl Peter, Andrea J. Liu, and Sidney R. Nagel. “Finite-Size Scaling at the Jamming Transition.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704</a>.","ieee":"C. P. Goodrich, A. J. Liu, and S. R. Nagel, “Finite-size scaling at the jamming transition,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 109, no. 9. American Physical Society, 2012.","mla":"Goodrich, Carl Peter, et al. “Finite-Size Scaling at the Jamming Transition.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 109, no. 9, 095704, American Physical Society, 2012, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704\">10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704</a>.","ama":"Goodrich CP, Liu AJ, Nagel SR. Finite-size scaling at the jamming transition. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2012;109(9). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704\">10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704</a>","ista":"Goodrich CP, Liu AJ, Nagel SR. 2012. Finite-size scaling at the jamming transition. Physical Review Letters. 109(9), 095704.","short":"C.P. Goodrich, A.J. Liu, S.R. Nagel, Physical Review Letters 109 (2012)."},"year":"2012","title":"Finite-size scaling at the jamming transition","type":"journal_article","date_created":"2020-04-30T11:44:12Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present an analysis of finite-size effects in jammed packings of N soft, frictionless spheres at zero temperature. There is a 1/N correction to the discrete jump in the contact number at the transition so that jammed packings exist only above isostaticity. As a result, the canonical power-law scalings of the contact number and elastic moduli break down at low pressure. These quantities exhibit scaling collapse with a nontrivial scaling function, demonstrating that the jamming transition can be considered a phase transition. Scaling is achieved as a function of N in both two and three dimensions, indicating an upper critical dimension of 2."}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0031-9007","1079-7114"]},"publisher":"American Physical Society","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.109.095704","oa_version":"None","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":109,"status":"public","month":"08","date_published":"2012-08-27T00:00:00Z","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-1307-5074","last_name":"Goodrich","id":"EB352CD2-F68A-11E9-89C5-A432E6697425","full_name":"Goodrich, Carl Peter","first_name":"Carl Peter"},{"last_name":"Liu","full_name":"Liu, Andrea J.","first_name":"Andrea J."},{"full_name":"Nagel, Sidney R.","first_name":"Sidney R.","last_name":"Nagel"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","publication":"Physical Review Letters","_id":"7776","article_type":"original","day":"27","issue":"9","intvolume":"       109"},{"abstract":[{"text":"Fungal cell walls frequently contain a polymer of mannose and galactose called galactomannan. In the pathogenic filamentous fungus Aspergillus fumigatus, this polysaccharide is made of a linear mannan backbone with side chains of galactofuran and is anchored to the plasma membrane via a glycosylphosphatidylinositol or is covalently linked to the cell wall. To date, the biosynthesis and significance of this polysaccharide are unknown. The present data demonstrate that deletion of the Golgi UDP-galactofuranose transporter GlfB or the GDP-mannose transporter GmtA leads to the absence of galactofuran or galactomannan, respectively. This indicates that the biosynthesis of galactomannan probably occurs in the lumen of the Golgi apparatus and thus contrasts with the biosynthesis of other fungal cell wall polysaccharides studied to date that takes place at the plasma membrane. Transglycosylation of galactomannan from the membrane to the cell wall is hypothesized because both the cell wall-bound and membrane-bound polysaccharide forms are affected in the generated mutants. Considering the severe growth defect of the A. fumigatus GmtA-deficient mutant, proving this paradigm might provide new targets for antifungal therapy.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:34Z","type":"journal_article","citation":{"ama":"Engel J, Schmalhorst PS, Routier F. Biosynthesis of the fungal cell wall polysaccharide galactomannan requires intraluminal GDP-mannose. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. 2012;287(53):44418-44424. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.398321\">10.1074/jbc.M112.398321</a>","short":"J. Engel, P.S. Schmalhorst, F. Routier, Journal of Biological Chemistry 287 (2012) 44418–44424.","ista":"Engel J, Schmalhorst PS, Routier F. 2012. Biosynthesis of the fungal cell wall polysaccharide galactomannan requires intraluminal GDP-mannose. Journal of Biological Chemistry. 287(53), 44418–44424.","apa":"Engel, J., Schmalhorst, P. S., &#38; Routier, F. (2012). Biosynthesis of the fungal cell wall polysaccharide galactomannan requires intraluminal GDP-mannose. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.398321\">https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.398321</a>","chicago":"Engel, Jakob, Philipp S Schmalhorst, and Françoise Routier. “Biosynthesis of the Fungal Cell Wall Polysaccharide Galactomannan Requires Intraluminal GDP-Mannose.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.398321\">https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.398321</a>.","ieee":"J. Engel, P. S. Schmalhorst, and F. Routier, “Biosynthesis of the fungal cell wall polysaccharide galactomannan requires intraluminal GDP-mannose,” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 287, no. 53. American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, pp. 44418–44424, 2012.","mla":"Engel, Jakob, et al. “Biosynthesis of the Fungal Cell Wall Polysaccharide Galactomannan Requires Intraluminal GDP-Mannose.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 287, no. 53, American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, 2012, pp. 44418–24, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.M112.398321\">10.1074/jbc.M112.398321</a>."},"publist_id":"6852","date_updated":"2022-03-21T07:57:14Z","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft.","article_processing_charge":"No","pmid":1,"oa_version":"None","scopus_import":"1","date_published":"2012-12-28T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":287,"intvolume":"       287","day":"28","publication":"Journal of Biological Chemistry","external_id":{"pmid":["23139423"]},"title":"Biosynthesis of the fungal cell wall polysaccharide galactomannan requires intraluminal GDP-mannose","year":"2012","extern":"1","page":"44418 - 44424","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","doi":"10.1074/jbc.M112.398321","publisher":"American Society for Biochemistry and Molecular Biology","author":[{"first_name":"Jakob","full_name":"Engel, Jakob","last_name":"Engel"},{"last_name":"Schmalhorst","id":"309D50DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Schmalhorst, Philipp S","first_name":"Philipp S","orcid":"0000-0002-5795-0133"},{"first_name":"Françoise","full_name":"Routier, Françoise","last_name":"Routier"}],"month":"12","status":"public","issue":"53","article_type":"original","_id":"801","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published"},{"author":[{"full_name":"Hennequin, Guillaume","first_name":"Guillaume","last_name":"Hennequin"},{"full_name":"Vogels, Tim P","id":"CB6FF8D2-008F-11EA-8E08-2637E6697425","first_name":"Tim P","last_name":"Vogels","orcid":"0000-0003-3295-6181"},{"first_name":"Wulfram","full_name":"Gerstner, Wulfram","last_name":"Gerstner"}],"status":"public","month":"06","_id":"8024","issue":"1","article_type":"original","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","title":"Non-normal amplification in random balanced neuronal networks","year":"2012","extern":"1","user_id":"D865714E-FA4E-11E9-B85B-F5C5E5697425","publisher":"American Physical Society","doi":"10.1103/physreve.86.011909","date_published":"2012-06-11T00:00:00Z","volume":86,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"day":"11","intvolume":"        86","external_id":{"pmid":["23005454"]},"publication":"Physical Review E","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:16:35Z","citation":{"apa":"Hennequin, G., Vogels, T. P., &#38; Gerstner, W. (2012). Non-normal amplification in random balanced neuronal networks. <i>Physical Review E</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.86.011909\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.86.011909</a>","chicago":"Hennequin, Guillaume, Tim P Vogels, and Wulfram Gerstner. “Non-Normal Amplification in Random Balanced Neuronal Networks.” <i>Physical Review E</i>. American Physical Society, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.86.011909\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.86.011909</a>.","mla":"Hennequin, Guillaume, et al. “Non-Normal Amplification in Random Balanced Neuronal Networks.” <i>Physical Review E</i>, vol. 86, no. 1, 011909, American Physical Society, 2012, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.86.011909\">10.1103/physreve.86.011909</a>.","ieee":"G. Hennequin, T. P. Vogels, and W. Gerstner, “Non-normal amplification in random balanced neuronal networks,” <i>Physical Review E</i>, vol. 86, no. 1. American Physical Society, 2012.","ista":"Hennequin G, Vogels TP, Gerstner W. 2012. Non-normal amplification in random balanced neuronal networks. Physical Review E. 86(1), 011909.","short":"G. Hennequin, T.P. Vogels, W. Gerstner, Physical Review E 86 (2012).","ama":"Hennequin G, Vogels TP, Gerstner W. Non-normal amplification in random balanced neuronal networks. <i>Physical Review E</i>. 2012;86(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physreve.86.011909\">10.1103/physreve.86.011909</a>"},"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"In dynamical models of cortical networks, the recurrent connectivity can amplify the input given to the network in two distinct ways. One is induced by the presence of near-critical eigenvalues in the connectivity matrix W, producing large but slow activity fluctuations along the corresponding eigenvectors (dynamical slowing). The other relies on W not being normal, which allows the network activity to make large but fast excursions along specific directions. Here we investigate the trade-off between non-normal amplification and dynamical slowing in the spontaneous activity of large random neuronal networks composed of excitatory and inhibitory neurons. We use a Schur decomposition of W to separate the two amplification mechanisms. Assuming linear stochastic dynamics, we derive an exact expression for the expected amount of purely non-normal amplification. We find that amplification is very limited if dynamical slowing must be kept weak. We conclude that, to achieve strong transient amplification with little slowing, the connectivity must be structured. We show that unidirectional connections between neurons of the same type together with reciprocal connections between neurons of different types, allow for amplification already in the fast dynamical regime. Finally, our results also shed light on the differences between balanced networks in which inhibition exactly cancels excitation and those where inhibition dominates.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2020-06-25T13:09:06Z","article_processing_charge":"No","article_number":"011909","pmid":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1539-3755"],"eisbn":["1550-2376"]},"oa_version":"None"},{"doi":"10.1242/jcs.107623","publisher":"Company of Biologists","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","extern":"1","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","file":[{"file_size":3326073,"date_created":"2019-02-12T08:54:51Z","file_name":"2012_Biologists_Vinzenz.pdf","file_id":"5956","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:09Z","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"2f59e15cc3a85bb500a9887cef2aab67","creator":"kschuh","access_level":"open_access"}],"page":"2775 - 2785","isi":1,"title":"Actin branching in the initiation and maintenance of lamellipodia","year":"2012","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","issue":"11","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:48:09Z","_id":"808","status":"public","month":"06","author":[{"last_name":"Vinzenz","full_name":"Vinzenz, Marlene","first_name":"Marlene"},{"first_name":"Maria","id":"34E27F1C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Nemethova, Maria","last_name":"Nemethova"},{"last_name":"Schur","full_name":"Schur, Florian","id":"48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Florian","orcid":"0000-0003-4790-8078"},{"full_name":"Mueller, Jan","first_name":"Jan","last_name":"Mueller"},{"first_name":"Akihiro","full_name":"Narita, Akihiro","last_name":"Narita"},{"last_name":"Urban","full_name":"Urban, Edit","first_name":"Edit"},{"full_name":"Winkler, Christoph","first_name":"Christoph","last_name":"Winkler"},{"last_name":"Schmeiser","first_name":"Christian","full_name":"Schmeiser, Christian"},{"first_name":"Stefan","full_name":"Koestler, Stefan","last_name":"Koestler"},{"last_name":"Rottner","first_name":"Klemens","full_name":"Rottner, Klemens"},{"full_name":"Resch, Guenter","first_name":"Guenter","last_name":"Resch"},{"last_name":"Maéda","first_name":"Yuichiro","full_name":"Maéda, Yuichiro"},{"full_name":"Small, John","first_name":"John","last_name":"Small"}],"oa_version":"None","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund [projects FWF I516-B09 and FWF P21292-B09 to J.V.S.]; the Vienna Science and Technology Fund [WWTF-grant numbers MA 09-004 to J.V.S. and C.S], ZIT - The Technology Agency of the City of Vienna [VSOE, CMCN to J.V.S. and G.P.R.]; the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft [grant number RO 2414/1-2 to K.R.]; the Daiko research foundation [grant number 9134 to A.N.]; and a Grant-in-Aid for Scientific Research [S, grant number 20227008 to Y.M.] and a Grant-in-Aid for Young Scientists [B, grant number 22770145 to A.N.] (B) from The Ministry of Education, Culture, Sports, Science and Technology of the Japanese Government. Deposited in PMC for immediate release. We thank Tibor Kulcsar for assistance with graphics.","article_processing_charge":"No","type":"journal_article","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:37Z","abstract":[{"text":"Using correlated live-cell imaging and electron tomography we found that actin branch junctions in protruding and treadmilling lamellipodia are not concentrated at the front as previously supposed, but link actin filament subsets in which there is a continuum of distances from a junction to the filament plus ends, for up to at least 1 mm. When branch sites were observed closely spaced on the same filament their separation was commonly a multiple of the actin helical repeat of 36 nm. Image averaging of branch junctions in the tomograms yielded a model for the in vivo branch at 2.9 nm resolution, which was comparable with that derived for the in vitro actin- Arp2/3 complex. Lamellipodium initiation was monitored in an intracellular wound-healing model and was found to involve branching from the sides of actin filaments oriented parallel to the plasmalemma. Many filament plus ends, presumably capped, terminated behind the lamellipodium tip and localized on the dorsal and ventral surfaces of the actin network. These findings reveal how branching events initiate and maintain a network of actin filaments of variable length, and provide the first structural model of the branch junction in vivo. A possible role of filament capping in generating the lamellipodium leaflet is discussed and a mathematical model of protrusion is also presented.","lang":"eng"}],"tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)"},"date_updated":"2025-09-30T08:23:31Z","oa":1,"citation":{"chicago":"Vinzenz, Marlene, Maria Nemethova, Florian KM Schur, Jan Mueller, Akihiro Narita, Edit Urban, Christoph Winkler, et al. “Actin Branching in the Initiation and Maintenance of Lamellipodia.” <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>. Company of Biologists, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107623\">https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107623</a>.","apa":"Vinzenz, M., Nemethova, M., Schur, F. K., Mueller, J., Narita, A., Urban, E., … Small, J. (2012). Actin branching in the initiation and maintenance of lamellipodia. <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>. Company of Biologists. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107623\">https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107623</a>","ieee":"M. Vinzenz <i>et al.</i>, “Actin branching in the initiation and maintenance of lamellipodia,” <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>, vol. 125, no. 11. Company of Biologists, pp. 2775–2785, 2012.","mla":"Vinzenz, Marlene, et al. “Actin Branching in the Initiation and Maintenance of Lamellipodia.” <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>, vol. 125, no. 11, Company of Biologists, 2012, pp. 2775–85, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107623\">10.1242/jcs.107623</a>.","ista":"Vinzenz M, Nemethova M, Schur FK, Mueller J, Narita A, Urban E, Winkler C, Schmeiser C, Koestler S, Rottner K, Resch G, Maéda Y, Small J. 2012. Actin branching in the initiation and maintenance of lamellipodia. Journal of Cell Science. 125(11), 2775–2785.","short":"M. Vinzenz, M. Nemethova, F.K. Schur, J. Mueller, A. Narita, E. Urban, C. Winkler, C. Schmeiser, S. Koestler, K. Rottner, G. Resch, Y. Maéda, J. Small, Journal of Cell Science 125 (2012) 2775–2785.","ama":"Vinzenz M, Nemethova M, Schur FK, et al. Actin branching in the initiation and maintenance of lamellipodia. <i>Journal of Cell Science</i>. 2012;125(11):2775-2785. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.107623\">10.1242/jcs.107623</a>"},"publist_id":"6842","publication":"Journal of Cell Science","has_accepted_license":"1","external_id":{"isi":["000306705000022"]},"day":"01","intvolume":"       125","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":125,"ddc":["570"],"date_published":"2012-06-01T00:00:00Z"},{"article_processing_charge":"No","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The Staphylococcus aureus cell wall stress stimulon (CWSS) is activated by cell envelope-targeting antibiotics or depletion of essential cell wall biosynthesis enzymes. The functionally uncharacterized S. aureus LytR-CpsA-Psr (LCP) proteins, MsrR, SA0908 and SA2103, all belong to the CWSS. Although not essential, deletion of all three LCP proteins severely impairs cell division. We show here that VraSR-dependent CWSS expression was up to 250-fold higher in single, double and triple LCP mutants than in wild type S. aureus in the absence of external stress. The LCP triple mutant was virtually depleted of wall teichoic acids (WTA), which could be restored to different degrees by any of the single LCP proteins. Subinhibitory concentrations of tunicamycin, which inhibits the first WTA synthesis enzyme TarO (TagO), could partially complement the severe growth defect of the LCP triple mutant. Both of the latter findings support a role for S. aureus LCP proteins in late WTA synthesis, as in Bacillus subtilis where LCP proteins were recently proposed to transfer WTA from lipid carriers to the cell wall peptidoglycan. Intrinsic activation of the CWSS upon LCP deletion and the fact that LCP proteins were essential for WTA-loading of the cell wall, highlight their important role(s) in S. aureus cell envelope biogenesis."}],"date_created":"2020-08-10T11:54:47Z","type":"journal_article","citation":{"apa":"Dengler, V., Meier, P. S., Heusser, R., Kupferschmied, P., Singer, J., Friebe, S., … McCallum, N. (2012). Deletion of hypothetical wall teichoic acid ligases in Staphylococcus aureus activates the cell wall stress response. <i>FEMS Microbiology Letters</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x</a>","chicago":"Dengler, Vanina, Patricia Stutzmann Meier, Ronald Heusser, Peter Kupferschmied, Judit Singer, Sarah Friebe, Sibylle Burger Staufer, et al. “Deletion of Hypothetical Wall Teichoic Acid Ligases in Staphylococcus Aureus Activates the Cell Wall Stress Response.” <i>FEMS Microbiology Letters</i>. Oxford University Press, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x</a>.","mla":"Dengler, Vanina, et al. “Deletion of Hypothetical Wall Teichoic Acid Ligases in Staphylococcus Aureus Activates the Cell Wall Stress Response.” <i>FEMS Microbiology Letters</i>, vol. 333, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 109–20, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x\">10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x</a>.","ieee":"V. Dengler <i>et al.</i>, “Deletion of hypothetical wall teichoic acid ligases in Staphylococcus aureus activates the cell wall stress response,” <i>FEMS Microbiology Letters</i>, vol. 333, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 109–120, 2012.","ama":"Dengler V, Meier PS, Heusser R, et al. Deletion of hypothetical wall teichoic acid ligases in Staphylococcus aureus activates the cell wall stress response. <i>FEMS Microbiology Letters</i>. 2012;333(2):109-120. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x\">10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x</a>","short":"V. Dengler, P.S. Meier, R. Heusser, P. Kupferschmied, J. Singer, S. Friebe, S.B. Staufer, P.A. Majcherczyk, P. Moreillon, B. Berger-Bächi, N. McCallum, FEMS Microbiology Letters 333 (2012) 109–120.","ista":"Dengler V, Meier PS, Heusser R, Kupferschmied P, Singer J, Friebe S, Staufer SB, Majcherczyk PA, Moreillon P, Berger-Bächi B, McCallum N. 2012. Deletion of hypothetical wall teichoic acid ligases in Staphylococcus aureus activates the cell wall stress response. FEMS Microbiology Letters. 333(2), 109–120."},"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:17:43Z","oa_version":"None","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0378-1097"]},"pmid":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":333,"date_published":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"FEMS Microbiology Letters","external_id":{"pmid":["22640011"]},"intvolume":"       333","day":"01","extern":"1","page":"109-120","year":"2012","title":"Deletion of hypothetical wall teichoic acid ligases in Staphylococcus aureus activates the cell wall stress response","doi":"10.1111/j.1574-6968.2012.02603.x","publisher":"Oxford University Press","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","month":"08","status":"public","author":[{"full_name":"Dengler, Vanina","first_name":"Vanina","last_name":"Dengler"},{"last_name":"Meier","first_name":"Patricia Stutzmann","full_name":"Meier, Patricia Stutzmann"},{"last_name":"Heusser","full_name":"Heusser, Ronald","first_name":"Ronald"},{"first_name":"Peter","full_name":"Kupferschmied, Peter","last_name":"Kupferschmied"},{"full_name":"Fazekas, Judit","id":"36432834-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Judit","last_name":"Fazekas","orcid":"0000-0002-8777-3502"},{"full_name":"Friebe, Sarah","first_name":"Sarah","last_name":"Friebe"},{"full_name":"Staufer, Sibylle Burger","first_name":"Sibylle Burger","last_name":"Staufer"},{"last_name":"Majcherczyk","full_name":"Majcherczyk, Paul A.","first_name":"Paul A."},{"last_name":"Moreillon","first_name":"Philippe","full_name":"Moreillon, Philippe"},{"last_name":"Berger-Bächi","full_name":"Berger-Bächi, Brigitte","first_name":"Brigitte"},{"last_name":"McCallum","first_name":"Nadine","full_name":"McCallum, Nadine"}],"publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","article_type":"original","issue":"2","_id":"8246"},{"date_published":"2012-11-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"last_name":"Vanstraelen","first_name":"Marleen","full_name":"Vanstraelen, Marleen"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","first_name":"Eva","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Eva Benková","last_name":"Benková"}],"volume":28,"status":"public","month":"11","_id":"826","day":"01","intvolume":"        28","publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":0,"publication":"Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:17:46Z","citation":{"short":"M. Vanstraelen, E. Benková, Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology 28 (2012) 463–487.","ista":"Vanstraelen M, Benková E. 2012. Hormonal interactions in the regulation of plant development. Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology. 28, 463–487.","ama":"Vanstraelen M, Benková E. Hormonal interactions in the regulation of plant development. <i>Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology</i>. 2012;28:463-487. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741\">10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741</a>","mla":"Vanstraelen, Marleen, and Eva Benková. “Hormonal Interactions in the Regulation of Plant Development.” <i>Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology</i>, vol. 28, Annual Reviews, 2012, pp. 463–87, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741\">10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741</a>.","ieee":"M. Vanstraelen and E. Benková, “Hormonal interactions in the regulation of plant development,” <i>Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology</i>, vol. 28. Annual Reviews, pp. 463–487, 2012.","apa":"Vanstraelen, M., &#38; Benková, E. (2012). Hormonal interactions in the regulation of plant development. <i>Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology</i>. Annual Reviews. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741\">https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741</a>","chicago":"Vanstraelen, Marleen, and Eva Benková. “Hormonal Interactions in the Regulation of Plant Development.” <i>Annual Review of Cell and Developmental Biology</i>. Annual Reviews, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741\">https://doi.org/10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741</a>."},"publist_id":"6822","title":"Hormonal interactions in the regulation of plant development","type":"journal_article","year":"2012","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Plants exhibit a unique developmental flexibility to ever-changing environmental conditions. To achieve their profound adaptability, plants are able to maintain permanent stem cell populations and form new organs during the entire plant life cycle. Signaling substances, called plant hormones, such as auxin, cytokinin, abscisic acid, brassinosteroid, ethylene, gibberellin, jasmonic acid, and strigolactone, govern and coordinate these developmental processes. Physiological and genetic studies have dissected the molecular components of signal perception and transduction of the individual hormonal pathways. However, over recent years it has become evident that hormones do not act only in a linear pathway. Hormonal pathways are interconnected by a complex network of interactions and feedback circuits that determines the final outcome of the individual hormone actions. This raises questions about the molecular mechanisms underlying hormonal cross talk and about how these hormonal networks are established, maintained, and modulated throughout plant development."}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:43Z","page":"463 - 487","extern":1,"acknowledgement":"We would like to thank Annick Bleys for help in preparing the manuscript. This work was supported by the European Research Council with a Starting Independent Research grant (ERC-2007-Stg-207362-HCPO) and the project CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0043 (to the Central European Institute of Technology, CEITEC) to E.B. M.V. is a postdoctoral fellow of the Research Foundation Flanders. We apologize that, because of space restrictions, the scientific contributions of only a limited number of original articles could be cited and discussed.","publisher":"Annual Reviews","doi":"10.1146/annurev-cellbio-101011-155741"},{"month":"10","status":"public","volume":24,"author":[{"first_name":"Agnieszka","full_name":"Bielach, Agnieszka","last_name":"Bielach"},{"full_name":"Podlesakova, Katerina","first_name":"Katerina","last_name":"Podlesakova"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-5227-5741","first_name":"Peter","full_name":"Peter Marhavy","id":"3F45B078-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Marhavy"},{"last_name":"Duclercq","first_name":"Jérôme","full_name":"Duclercq, Jérôme"},{"first_name":"Candela","full_name":"Candela Cuesta","id":"33A3C818-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Cuesta","orcid":"0000-0003-1923-2410"},{"first_name":"Bruno","full_name":"Muller, Bruno","last_name":"Muller"},{"first_name":"Wim","full_name":"Grunewald, Wim","last_name":"Grunewald"},{"first_name":"Petr","full_name":"Tarkowski, Petr","last_name":"Tarkowski"},{"last_name":"Benková","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Eva Benková","first_name":"Eva","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739"}],"date_published":"2012-10-01T00:00:00Z","publication":"The Plant Cell","publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":0,"intvolume":"        24","issue":"10","day":"01","_id":"829","acknowledgement":"We thank Jen Sheen, Dolf Weijers, Tatsuo Kakimoto, Stephen Depuydt, and Laurent Laplaze for sharing published material, Jiri Friml for discussions, and Martine De Cock and Annick Bleys for help in preparing the manuscript. This work was supported by a Starting Independent Research grant from the European Research Council (ERC-2007-Stg-207362-HCPO) and the project CZ.1.07/2.3.00/20.0043 to the Central European Institute of Technology to E.B. and grants from the Ministry of Education, Youth, and Sports of the Czech Republic (MSM 6198959216) and the Centre of the Region Haná for Biotechnological and Agricultural Research (ED0007/01/01) to P.T.","extern":1,"page":"3967 - 3981","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The architecture of a plant's root system, established postembryonically, results from both coordinated root growth and lateral root branching. The plant hormones auxin and cytokinin are central endogenous signaling molecules that regulate lateral root organogenesis positively and negatively, respectively. Tight control and mutual balance of their antagonistic activities are particularly important during the early phases of lateral root organogenesis to ensure continuous lateral root initiation (LRI) and proper development of lateral root primordia (LRP). Here, we show that the early phases of lateral root organogenesis, including priming and initiation, take place in root zones with a repressed cytokinin response. Accordingly, ectopic overproduction of cytokinin in the root basal meristem most efficiently inhibits LRI. Enhanced cytokinin responses in pericycle cells between existing LRP might restrict LRI near existing LRP and, when compromised, ectopic LRI occurs. Furthermore, our results demonstrate that young LRP are more sensitive to perturbations in the cytokinin activity than are developmentally more advanced primordia. We hypothesize that the effect of cytokinin on the development of primordia possibly depends on the robustness and stability of the auxin gradient."}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:43Z","title":"Spatiotemporal regulation of lateral root organogenesis in Arabidopsis by cytokinin","year":"2012","type":"journal_article","publist_id":"6819","citation":{"chicago":"Bielach, Agnieszka, Katerina Podlesakova, Peter Marhavý, Jérôme Duclercq, Candela Cuesta, Bruno Muller, Wim Grunewald, Petr Tarkowski, and Eva Benková. “Spatiotemporal Regulation of Lateral Root Organogenesis in Arabidopsis by Cytokinin.” <i>The Plant Cell</i>. American Society of Plant Biologists, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.103044\">https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.103044</a>.","apa":"Bielach, A., Podlesakova, K., Marhavý, P., Duclercq, J., Cuesta, C., Muller, B., … Benková, E. (2012). Spatiotemporal regulation of lateral root organogenesis in Arabidopsis by cytokinin. <i>The Plant Cell</i>. American Society of Plant Biologists. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.103044\">https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.103044</a>","ieee":"A. Bielach <i>et al.</i>, “Spatiotemporal regulation of lateral root organogenesis in Arabidopsis by cytokinin,” <i>The Plant Cell</i>, vol. 24, no. 10. American Society of Plant Biologists, pp. 3967–3981, 2012.","mla":"Bielach, Agnieszka, et al. “Spatiotemporal Regulation of Lateral Root Organogenesis in Arabidopsis by Cytokinin.” <i>The Plant Cell</i>, vol. 24, no. 10, American Society of Plant Biologists, 2012, pp. 3967–81, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.103044\">10.1105/tpc.112.103044</a>.","short":"A. Bielach, K. Podlesakova, P. Marhavý, J. Duclercq, C. Cuesta, B. Muller, W. Grunewald, P. Tarkowski, E. Benková, The Plant Cell 24 (2012) 3967–3981.","ista":"Bielach A, Podlesakova K, Marhavý P, Duclercq J, Cuesta C, Muller B, Grunewald W, Tarkowski P, Benková E. 2012. Spatiotemporal regulation of lateral root organogenesis in Arabidopsis by cytokinin. The Plant Cell. 24(10), 3967–3981.","ama":"Bielach A, Podlesakova K, Marhavý P, et al. Spatiotemporal regulation of lateral root organogenesis in Arabidopsis by cytokinin. <i>The Plant Cell</i>. 2012;24(10):3967-3981. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.112.103044\">10.1105/tpc.112.103044</a>"},"date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:17:55Z","doi":"10.1105/tpc.112.103044","publisher":"American Society of Plant Biologists"},{"volume":4,"status":"public","month":"01","date_published":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Soylemez, Onuralp","first_name":"Onuralp","last_name":"Soylemez"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8243-4694","last_name":"Kondrashov","first_name":"Fyodor","id":"44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Fyodor Kondrashov"}],"publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":0,"publication":"Genome Biology and Evolution","_id":"846","day":"01","issue":"12","intvolume":"         4","page":"1213 - 1222","extern":1,"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by Plan Nacional grant BFU2009-09271 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation and by FPU (Formación del Profesorado Universitario) program grant AP2008-01888 from the Spanish Ministry of Education to O.S. F.A.K. is a European Molecular Biology Organization Young Investigator and Howard Hughes Medical Institute International Early Career Scientist.","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:19:25Z","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"citation":{"mla":"Soylemez, Onuralp, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “Estimating the Rate of Irreversibility in Protein Evolution.” <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>, vol. 4, no. 12, Oxford University Press, 2012, pp. 1213–22, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs096\">10.1093/gbe/evs096</a>.","ieee":"O. Soylemez and F. Kondrashov, “Estimating the rate of irreversibility in protein evolution,” <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>, vol. 4, no. 12. Oxford University Press, pp. 1213–1222, 2012.","apa":"Soylemez, O., &#38; Kondrashov, F. (2012). Estimating the rate of irreversibility in protein evolution. <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs096\">https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs096</a>","chicago":"Soylemez, Onuralp, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “Estimating the Rate of Irreversibility in Protein Evolution.” <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs096\">https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs096</a>.","ama":"Soylemez O, Kondrashov F. Estimating the rate of irreversibility in protein evolution. <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. 2012;4(12):1213-1222. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evs096\">10.1093/gbe/evs096</a>","short":"O. Soylemez, F. Kondrashov, Genome Biology and Evolution 4 (2012) 1213–1222.","ista":"Soylemez O, Kondrashov F. 2012. Estimating the rate of irreversibility in protein evolution. Genome Biology and Evolution. 4(12), 1213–1222."},"publist_id":"6802","type":"journal_article","title":"Estimating the rate of irreversibility in protein evolution","year":"2012","abstract":[{"text":"Whether or not evolutionary change is inherently irreversible remains a controversial topic. Some examples of evolutionary irreversibility are known; however, this question has not been comprehensively addressed at the molecular level. Here, we use data from 221 human genes with known pathogenic mutations to estimate the rate of irreversibility in protein evolution. For these genes, we reconstruct ancestral amino acid sequences along the mammalian phylogeny and identify ancestral amino acid states that match known pathogenic mutations. Such cases represent inherent evolutionary irreversibility because, at the present moment, reversals to these ancestral amino acid states are impossible for the human lineage. We estimate that approximately 10% of all amino acid substitutions along the mammalian phylogeny are irreversible, such that a return to the ancestral amino acid state would lead to a pathogenic phenotype. For a subset of 51 genes with high rates of irreversibility, as much as 40% of all amino acid evolution was estimated to be irreversible. Because pathogenic phenotypes do not resemble ancestral phenotypes, the molecular nature of the high rate of irreversibility in proteins is best explained by evolution with a high prevalence of compensatory, epistatic interactions between amino acid sites. Under such mode of protein evolution, once an amino acid substitution is fixed, the probability of its reversal declines as the protein sequence accumulates changes that affect the phenotypic manifestation of the ancestral state. The prevalence of epistasis in evolution indicates that the observed high rate of irreversibility in protein evolution is an inherent property of protein structure and function.","lang":"eng"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:48:49Z","publisher":"Oxford University Press","doi":"10.1093/gbe/evs096"},{"volume":54,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","month":"08","date_published":"2012-08-23T00:00:00Z","author":[{"last_name":"Asami","first_name":"Sam","full_name":"Asami, Sam"},{"last_name":"Szekely","full_name":"Szekely, Kathrin","first_name":"Kathrin"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-9350-7606","id":"7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425","full_name":"Schanda, Paul","first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Schanda"},{"last_name":"Meier","first_name":"Beat H.","full_name":"Meier, Beat H."},{"full_name":"Reif, Bernd","first_name":"Bernd","last_name":"Reif"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","publication":"Journal of Biomolecular NMR","_id":"8463","issue":"2","article_type":"original","day":"23","intvolume":"        54","article_processing_charge":"No","page":"155-168","extern":"1","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:19:27Z","citation":{"mla":"Asami, Sam, et al. “Optimal Degree of Protonation for 1H Detection of Aliphatic Sites in Randomly Deuterated Proteins as a Function of the MAS Frequency.” <i>Journal of Biomolecular NMR</i>, vol. 54, no. 2, Springer Nature, 2012, pp. 155–68, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9\">10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9</a>.","ieee":"S. Asami, K. Szekely, P. Schanda, B. H. Meier, and B. Reif, “Optimal degree of protonation for 1H detection of aliphatic sites in randomly deuterated proteins as a function of the MAS frequency,” <i>Journal of Biomolecular NMR</i>, vol. 54, no. 2. Springer Nature, pp. 155–168, 2012.","chicago":"Asami, Sam, Kathrin Szekely, Paul Schanda, Beat H. Meier, and Bernd Reif. “Optimal Degree of Protonation for 1H Detection of Aliphatic Sites in Randomly Deuterated Proteins as a Function of the MAS Frequency.” <i>Journal of Biomolecular NMR</i>. Springer Nature, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9</a>.","apa":"Asami, S., Szekely, K., Schanda, P., Meier, B. H., &#38; Reif, B. (2012). Optimal degree of protonation for 1H detection of aliphatic sites in randomly deuterated proteins as a function of the MAS frequency. <i>Journal of Biomolecular NMR</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9</a>","ama":"Asami S, Szekely K, Schanda P, Meier BH, Reif B. Optimal degree of protonation for 1H detection of aliphatic sites in randomly deuterated proteins as a function of the MAS frequency. <i>Journal of Biomolecular NMR</i>. 2012;54(2):155-168. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9\">10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9</a>","short":"S. Asami, K. Szekely, P. Schanda, B.H. Meier, B. Reif, Journal of Biomolecular NMR 54 (2012) 155–168.","ista":"Asami S, Szekely K, Schanda P, Meier BH, Reif B. 2012. Optimal degree of protonation for 1H detection of aliphatic sites in randomly deuterated proteins as a function of the MAS frequency. Journal of Biomolecular NMR. 54(2), 155–168."},"year":"2012","type":"journal_article","title":"Optimal degree of protonation for 1H detection of aliphatic sites in randomly deuterated proteins as a function of the MAS frequency","date_created":"2020-09-18T10:09:18Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The 1H dipolar network, which is the major obstacle for applying proton detection in the solid-state, can be reduced by deuteration, employing the RAP (Reduced Adjoining Protonation) labeling scheme, which yields random protonation at non-exchangeable sites. We present here a systematic study on the optimal degree of random sidechain protonation in RAP samples as a function of the MAS (magic angle spinning) frequency. In particular, we compare 1H sensitivity and linewidth of a microcrystalline protein, the SH3 domain of chicken α-spectrin, for samples, prepared with 5–25 % H2O in the E. coli growth medium, in the MAS frequency range of 20–60 kHz. At an external field of 19.96 T (850 MHz), we find that using a proton concentration between 15 and 25 % in the M9 medium yields the best compromise in terms of sensitivity and resolution, with an achievable average 1H linewidth on the order of 40–50 Hz. Comparing sensitivities at a MAS frequency of 60 versus 20 kHz, a gain in sensitivity by a factor of 4–4.5 is observed in INEPT-based 1H detected 1D 1H,13C correlation experiments. In total, we find that spectra recorded with a 1.3 mm rotor at 60 kHz have almost the same sensitivity as spectra recorded with a fully packed 3.2 mm rotor at 20 kHz, even though ~20× less material is employed. The improved sensitivity is attributed to 1H line narrowing due to fast MAS and to the increased efficiency of the 1.3 mm coil."}],"publisher":"Springer Nature","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0925-2738","1573-5001"]},"doi":"10.1007/s10858-012-9659-9","oa_version":"None","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"_id":"8465","issue":"36","day":"21","article_type":"original","intvolume":"       134","quality_controlled":"1","publication_status":"published","publication":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","date_published":"2012-08-21T00:00:00Z","author":[{"last_name":"Tollinger","first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Tollinger, Martin"},{"last_name":"Sivertsen","full_name":"Sivertsen, Astrid C.","first_name":"Astrid C."},{"last_name":"Meier","full_name":"Meier, Beat H.","first_name":"Beat H."},{"last_name":"Ernst","first_name":"Matthias","full_name":"Ernst, Matthias"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-9350-7606","full_name":"Schanda, Paul","id":"7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425","first_name":"Paul","last_name":"Schanda"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"volume":134,"status":"public","month":"08","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0002-7863","1520-5126"]},"doi":"10.1021/ja303591y","oa_version":"None","date_updated":"2021-01-12T08:19:27Z","citation":{"ama":"Tollinger M, Sivertsen AC, Meier BH, Ernst M, Schanda P. Site-resolved measurement of microsecond-to-millisecond conformational-exchange processes in proteins by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. 2012;134(36):14800-14807. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja303591y\">10.1021/ja303591y</a>","short":"M. Tollinger, A.C. Sivertsen, B.H. Meier, M. Ernst, P. Schanda, Journal of the American Chemical Society 134 (2012) 14800–14807.","ista":"Tollinger M, Sivertsen AC, Meier BH, Ernst M, Schanda P. 2012. Site-resolved measurement of microsecond-to-millisecond conformational-exchange processes in proteins by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 134(36), 14800–14807.","chicago":"Tollinger, Martin, Astrid C. Sivertsen, Beat H. Meier, Matthias Ernst, and Paul Schanda. “Site-Resolved Measurement of Microsecond-to-Millisecond Conformational-Exchange Processes in Proteins by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy.” <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. American Chemical Society, 2012. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja303591y\">https://doi.org/10.1021/ja303591y</a>.","apa":"Tollinger, M., Sivertsen, A. C., Meier, B. H., Ernst, M., &#38; Schanda, P. (2012). Site-resolved measurement of microsecond-to-millisecond conformational-exchange processes in proteins by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. American Chemical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja303591y\">https://doi.org/10.1021/ja303591y</a>","mla":"Tollinger, Martin, et al. “Site-Resolved Measurement of Microsecond-to-Millisecond Conformational-Exchange Processes in Proteins by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy.” <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>, vol. 134, no. 36, American Chemical Society, 2012, pp. 14800–07, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja303591y\">10.1021/ja303591y</a>.","ieee":"M. Tollinger, A. C. Sivertsen, B. H. Meier, M. Ernst, and P. Schanda, “Site-resolved measurement of microsecond-to-millisecond conformational-exchange processes in proteins by solid-state NMR spectroscopy,” <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>, vol. 134, no. 36. American Chemical Society, pp. 14800–14807, 2012."},"type":"journal_article","year":"2012","title":"Site-resolved measurement of microsecond-to-millisecond conformational-exchange processes in proteins by solid-state NMR spectroscopy","date_created":"2020-09-18T10:10:20Z","abstract":[{"text":"We demonstrate that conformational exchange processes in proteins on microsecond-to-millisecond time scales can be detected and quantified by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. We show two independent approaches that measure the effect of conformational exchange on transverse relaxation parameters, namely Carr–Purcell–Meiboom–Gill relaxation-dispersion experiments and measurement of differential multiple-quantum coherence decay. Long coherence lifetimes, as required for these experiments, are achieved by the use of highly deuterated samples and fast magic-angle spinning. The usefulness of the approaches is demonstrated by application to microcrystalline ubiquitin. We detect a conformational exchange process in a region of the protein for which dynamics have also been observed in solution. Interestingly, quantitative analysis of the data reveals that the exchange process is more than 1 order of magnitude slower than in solution, and this points to the impact of the crystalline environment on free energy barriers.","lang":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","page":"14800-14807","extern":"1"}]