@article{21931,
  abstract     = {In 1873, James C. Maxwell conjectured that the electric field generated by n point charges in generic position has at most (n-1)^2 isolated zeroes. The first (nonoptimal) upper bound was only obtained in 2007 by Gabrielov, Novikov, and Shapiro, who also posed two additional interesting conjectures. In this article, we give the best upper bound known to date on the number of zeroes of the electric field, and construct a counterexample to Conjecture 1.8 by Gabrielov, Novikov, and Shapiro that the number of equilibria cannot exceed those of the distance function defined by the unit point charges. Finally, we note that it is quite possible that Maxwell's quadratic upper bound is not tight, so it is prudent to find lower bounds. Hence, we also explore examples and construct configurations of charges achieving the highest ratios of the number of electric field zeroes by point charges found to this day.},
  author       = {Edelsbrunner, Herbert and Fillmore, Christopher D and Oliveira, Goncalo},
  issn         = {1460-244X},
  journal      = {Proceedings of the London Mathematical Society},
  number       = {5},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Counting equilibria of the electrostatic potential}},
  doi          = {10.1112/plms.70163},
  volume       = {132},
  year         = {2026},
}

@inproceedings{21932,
  abstract     = {We present LLMQ, an end-to-end CUDA/C++ implementation for medium-sized language-model training, e.g. 3B to 32B parameters, on affordable, commodity GPUs. These devices are characterized by low memory availability and slow communication compared to datacentre-grade GPUs. Consequently, we showcase a range of optimizations that target these bottlenecks, including activation checkpointing, offloading, and copy-engine based collectives. LLMQ is able to train or fine-tune a 7B model on a single 16GB mid-range gaming card, or a 32B model on a workstation equipped with 4 RTX 4090s. This is achieved while executing a standard 8-bit training pipeline, without additional algorithmic approximations, and maintaining FLOP utilization of around 50%. The efficiency of LLMQ rivals that of production-scale systems on much more expensive cloud-grade GPUs.},
  author       = {Schultheis, Erik and Alistarh, Dan-Adrian},
  booktitle    = {2nd Conference on Parsimony and Learning},
  issn         = {2640-3498},
  location     = {Stanford, CA, United States},
  pages        = {265--284},
  publisher    = {ML Research Press},
  title        = {{LLMQ: Efficient lower-precision LLM training for consumer GPUs}},
  volume       = {328},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21933,
  abstract     = {We consider the liquid drop model with a positive background density in the thermodynamic limit. We prove a two-term asymptotics for the ground state energy per unit volume in the dilute limit. Our proof justifies the expectation that optimal configurations consist of droplets of unit size that arrange themselves according to minimizers for the Jellium problem for point particles. In particular, we provide the first rigorous derivation of what is known as the gnocchi phase in astrophysics.},
  author       = {Frank, Rupert L. and Lewin, Mathieu and Seiringer, Robert},
  issn         = {1097-0312},
  journal      = {Communications on Pure and Applied Mathematics},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Liquid drop model for nuclear matter in the low density limit}},
  doi          = {10.1002/cpa.70039},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21934,
  abstract     = {An accurate characterisation of the physical properties of galaxies at cosmic dawn is key to understanding
the origin of the high abundance of UV-bright galaxies at z≳10. We exploit deep (9.1-hour exposure time)
NIRSpec PRISM observations of GHZ2 to constrain the sources of ionising radiation and the properties of the
interstellar medium (ISM) in this bright, compact, and highly ionising galaxy at z=12.3. We measure with
high significance the prominent N IV, C IV, He II, O III, C III, O II, and Ne III emission features previously
detected in shallower observations, and confirm the detection of the N III] λ1750 multiplet, yielding tight
constraints on the N/O ratio, which is found to be ≃2 times the solar value. We also detect the Mg II λ2800,
[Fe IV] λ2833 and Si II λ1812 doublets, the H8+HeI λλ3889 blend, and the Si IV+O IV] λλ1400 absorption
complex. The O III λ3133 fluorescence line is only detected in the first observing epoch, implying variability
on a rest-frame time span of 19 days, strongly suggesting the presence of an active nucleus. Combining the
NIRSpec dataset with available optical and far-infrared constraints from MIRI and ALMA, we show that the
emission spectrum of GHZ2 cannot be reproduced by single-density spectro-photometric models, even under
extreme assumptions on the ionisation parameter and electron density. Multi-zone photoionisation modelling
performed with the HOMERUN code demonstrates that star formation must be occurring in a strongly stratified
ISM, where both low-/intermediate-density gas and high-density regions (log(ne/cm−3
) ≳ 4) coexist. The
GHZ2 emission landscape is consistent with either a composite star-formation plus AGN scenario, or with
star formation occurring in a combination of radiation- and matter-bounded regions. Purely radiation-bounded
stellar models fail to reproduce the observed He II emission, making an additional hard ionising component
unavoidable.},
  author       = {Castellano, M. and Napolitano, L. and Moreschini, B. and Calabrò, A. and Christensen, L. and Llerena, M. and Bakx, T. J.L.C. and Belfiore, F. and Bevacqua, D. and Dickinson, M. and Fontana, A. and Gandolfi, G. and Gasparetto, T. and Marconi, A. and Mascia, Sara and Merlin, E. and Morishita, T. and Nanayakkara, T. and Paris, D. and Pentericci, L. and Pérez-Díaz, B. and Roberts-Borsani, G. and Rojas-Ruiz, S. and Santini, P. and Treu, T. and Vanzella, E. and Vulcani, B. and Wang, X. and Yoon, I. and Zavala, J.},
  issn         = {2565-6120},
  journal      = {The Open Journal of Astrophysics},
  publisher    = {Maynooth Academic Publishing},
  title        = {{Investigating ionising sources and the complex interstellar medium of GHZ2 at z=12.3}},
  doi          = {10.33232/001c.160281},
  volume       = {9},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21948,
  abstract     = {The cerebral cortex comprises diverse neuron and glial cell types generated by radial glial progenitors (RGPs) during development. Although RGPs broadly differentiate according to temporally and spatially regulated molecular logics, the lineage hierarchies linking individual progenitors to defined cell (sub)types are not well understood. Clone-resolved transcriptomics, combining molecular barcoding and single-cell RNA sequencing, allow high-resolution lineage tracing at the single-clone/cell level across different species and models. In this mini-review, we synthesize recent advances in this field, uncovering unexpected lineage relationships in the developing brain, with a particular focus on the cerebral cortex. We further highlight new insights into species-specific differences in the developmental programs generating cell-type diversity, linking changes in clonal architecture to lineage diversification during cortical evolution.},
  author       = {Varela Martínez, Irene and Pipicelli, Fabrizia and Hippenmeyer, Simon},
  issn         = {1879-0380},
  journal      = {Current Opinion in Genetics and Development},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Tracing cell lineages in the developing brain: Insights from mosaic analysis and clone-resolved transcriptomics}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.gde.2026.102487},
  volume       = {99},
  year         = {2026},
}

@inproceedings{21949,
  abstract     = {Cardiac T1 mapping provides critical quantitative insights into myocardial tissue composition, enabling the assessment of pathologies such as fibrosis, inflammation, and edema.
However, the inherently dynamic nature of the heart imposes strict limits on acquisition
times, making high-resolution T1 mapping a persistent challenge. Compressed sensing (CS)
approaches have reduced scan durations by undersampling k-space and reconstructing images from partial data, and recent studies show that jointly optimizing the undersampling
patterns with the reconstruction network can substantially improve performance. Still,
most current T1 mapping pipelines rely on static, hand-crafted masks that do not exploit
the full acceleration and accuracy potential. Furthermore, most existing methods do not
levarage the physical T1 decay model in optimization. In this work, we introduce T1-
PILOT: an end-to-end method that explicitly incorporates the T1 signal relaxation model
into the sampling–reconstruction framework to guide the learning of non-Cartesian trajectories, cross-frame alignment, and T1 decay estimation. Through extensive experiments
on the CMRxRecon dataset, T1-PILOT significantly outperforms several baseline strategies (including learned single-mask and fixed radial or golden-angle sampling schemes),
achieving higher T1 map fidelity at greater acceleration factors. In particular, we observe consistent gains in PSNR and VIF relative to existing methods, along with marked
improvements in delineating finer myocardial structures. Our results highlight that optimizing sampling trajectories in tandem with the physical relaxation model leads to both
enhanced quantitative accuracy and reduced acquisition times. Code for reproducing all
experiments and results is available at https://github.com/tamirshor7/T1-PILOT},
  author       = {Shor, Tamir and Freiman, Moti and Baskin, Chaim and Bronstein, Alexander},
  booktitle    = {Medical Imaging with Deep Learning},
  issn         = {2640-3498},
  keywords     = {Cardiac T1 Mapping, Trajectory Optimization and Reconstruction, PhysicsInformed Deep-Learning},
  location     = {Taipei, Taiwan},
  pages        = {1969--1982},
  publisher    = {ML Research Press},
  title        = {{T1-PILOT: Physics-informed learned optimized trajectories for T1 mapping acceleration}},
  volume       = {315},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21950,
  abstract     = {One Health initiatives are modern paradigms for research and health care practices in various fields. Concrete definitions of the One Health framework, however, remain heterogeneous, leading to conceptual problems and uncertainties in the application of the framework. This article discusses several approaches to the One Health concept, and their associated consequences, with special focus on animal experimentation. The first issue addressed is how One Health should be defined, as well as what (and who) should be considered within a One Health approach. In order to shed further light on this, we explore the history of animals in biomedical science, highlighting historical milestones in the use of animal models, as well as the development and current state of ethical considerations in the field of animal experimentation. The second issue comes with the inclusion of animal experimentation per se as part of the One Health concept. Therefore, particular attention is paid to bioethical principles and the resulting problems that can arise when applying them to the One Health concept. Arguments such as the idea of inequality between humans and non-human animals, and the premise that all actions are done for the benefit of humans, are raised and then used to explore the question of whether the One Health concept is compatible with existing bioethical principles. Based on the bioethical principles of protecting the environment, the biodiversity and biosphere, this paper seeks an inclusive perspective of the One Health concept. Successful solutions will be based on this concept, which embraces all living beings. The authors conclude that a multispecies ethics approach could help create a more ethical ecosystem that is aligned with the wellbeing of all life on a shared planet.},
  author       = {Ulman, Yesim Isil and Kostomitsopoulos, Nikos and Camenzind, Samuel and Kitsara, Maria and Pavone, Ilja Richard and Schober, Sophie},
  issn         = {2632-3559},
  journal      = {Alternatives to Laboratory Animals},
  publisher    = {SAGE Publications},
  title        = {{Emerging bioethical conflicts: One Health and animal experimentation}},
  doi          = {10.1177/02611929261453330},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21951,
  abstract     = {The central engines of Little Red Dots (LRDs) may be “black hole stars” (BH*s), early stages of
black hole growth characterized by dense gas envelopes. So far, the most direct evidence for BH*s
comes from a handful of sources where the host galaxy is completely outshone as suggested by their
remarkably steep Balmer breaks. Here we present a novel scheme to disentangle BH*s from their
host galaxies assuming that the [O III]5008˚A line arises exclusively from the host. Using a sample
of 98 LRDs (z ≈ 2 − 9) with high quality NIRSpec/PRISM spectra, we demonstrate that the hostsubtracted median stack displays a Balmer break > 2× stronger than massive quiescent galaxies,
with the rest-optical continuum resembling a blackbody-like SED (Teff ≈ 4050 K, log(Lbol) ≈ 43.9
erg s−1
, Reff ≈ 1300 au). We measure a steep Balmer decrement (Hα/Hβ > 10) and numerous
density-sensitive features (e.g., Fe II, He I, O I). These are hallmark signatures of dense gas envelopes,
providing population-level evidence that BH*s indeed power LRDs. In the median LRD, BH*s account
for ∼ 20% of the UV emission, ∼ 50% at the Balmer break, and ∼ 90% at wavelengths longer
than Hα with the remainder arising from the host. BH*s preferentially reside in low-mass galaxies
(M⋆ ≈ 108 M⊙) undergoing recent starbursts, as evidenced by extreme emission line EWs (e.g.,
[O III]5008˚A≈ 1100˚A, C III]≈ 12˚A), thereby favoring BH* origins linked to star-formation. We show
V-shaped LRD selections are biased to high BH*/host fractions (≳ 60% at 5500˚A) – less dominant
BH*s may be powering JWST’s blue broad-line AGN. We find BH*s are so commonplace and transient
(duty cycle ∼ 1%, lifetime ∼ 10 Myrs) that every massive black hole may have once shone as a BH*.
},
  author       = {Sun, Wendy Q. and Naidu, Rohan P. and Matthee, Jorryt J and De Graaff, Anna and Chisholm, John and Greene, Jenny E. and Oesch, Pascal A. and Torralba Torregrosa, Alberto and Hviding, Raphael E. and Brammer, Gabriel and Simcoe, Robert A. and Bose, Sownak and Bouwens, Rychard and Dayal, Pratika and Eilers, Anna Christina and Fei, Qinyue and Furtak, Lukas J. and Gottumukkala, Rashmi and Goulding, Andy and Heintz, Kasper E. and Hirschmann, Michaela and Kokorev, Vasily and Leja, Joel and Liu, Zhaoran and Natarajan, Priyamvada and Santarelli, Andrew D. and Setton, David J. and Smith, Aaron and Tacchella, Sandro and Volonteri, Marta and Walter, Fabian and Weibel, Andrea and Williams, Christina C.},
  issn         = {2565-6120},
  journal      = {The Open Journal of Astrophysics},
  publisher    = {Maynooth Academic Publishing},
  title        = {{Little Red Dot - Host Galaxy = Black Hole Star: A gas-enshrouded heart at the center of every Little Red Dot}},
  doi          = {10.33232/001c.162505},
  volume       = {9},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21953,
  abstract     = {Several Streptomyces strains were isolated from freshwater sediments collected in the Laxenburg ponds (Lower Austria). Genome sequencing and bioinformatics analyses revealed biosynthetic gene clusters (BGCs) that may specify production of chemically diverse secondary metabolites. Various culture conditions were employed to induce metabolite production, and subsequent LC-MS analyses facilitated the identification of the produced compounds and their correlation with the corresponding BGCs. These analyses of sediment-derived Streptomyces spp. highlight their extensive biosynthetic potential, revealing a diverse range of bioactive secondary metabolites, including siderophores, antibiotics, and other compounds with potential therapeutic applications. Genomes of two Streptomyces isolates, one of them representing a potentially new species, harbored several uncharacterized BGCs that may specify biosynthesis of novel secondary metabolites. Although targeted overexpression of pathway-specific regulators from these BGCs did not yield additional metabolites, whereas knockout experiments led to metabolic changes, presumably reflecting regulatory or compensatory interactions between multiple biosynthetic pathways. Continued exploration of these strains and their BGCs may lead to the discovery of new bioactive molecules with pharmaceutical and biotechnological applications.},
  author       = {Tocino-Márquez, Inmaculada and Zehl, Martin and Batajic, Jovana and Séneca, Joana and Pjevac, Petra and Murillo-Alba, José and Martín, Jesús and Sekurova, Olga N. and Zotchev, Sergey B.},
  issn         = {1664-302X},
  journal      = {Frontiers in Microbiology},
  publisher    = {Frontiers Media},
  title        = {{Unveiling the genomes and secondary metabolomes of Streptomyces spp. from freshwater sediments}},
  doi          = {10.3389/fmicb.2026.1793713},
  volume       = {17},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21954,
  abstract     = {We investigate a framework for train-free MRI segmentation based on Topological Data Analysis. The pipeline proceeds in three steps, first identifying the whole object to segment via automatic thresholding, then detecting a distinctive subset whose topology is known in advance, and finally deducing the various components of the segmentation. A key ingredient is the extraction of approximate representative cycles from persistence diagrams, which provides an interpretable link between persistent features and anatomical components. To clarify the method’s scope, we make the underlying topological and intensity assumptions explicit, quantify when they hold on real data, and analyze typical failure modes. We evaluate the approach on glioblastoma and on fetal cortical plate segmentation, with comparisons to unsupervised and deep-learning references. By operating without large annotated datasets, the method is well suited to scarce-data settings and provides an interpretable baseline and practical initialization for expert refinement or learning-based pipelines.},
  author       = {François, Anton and Tinarrage, Raphaël},
  issn         = {1573-7683},
  journal      = {Journal of Mathematical Imaging and Vision},
  number       = {3},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Train-free segmentation in MRI with cubical persistent homology}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10851-026-01300-1},
  volume       = {68},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21955,
  abstract     = {AgRP neurons cause hunger, the drive to seek and consume food. Their activation by fasting is key for survival and is thought to be triggered by feedback when energy stores are low. However, we know that environmental cues can also regulate AgRP neurons since cues that predict future food intake rapidly inhibit AgRP neurons, but is the converse true: can the prediction of future fasting rapidly activate AgRP neurons? Here, we show in mice that such rapid fasting activation of AgRP neurons does occur. This rapid activation is driven by excitatory input from paraventricular hypothalamic (PVH) neurons expressing Sim2, which are bidirectionally sensitive to predictions of future energy state. Thus, cognitively processed contextual information conveyed by PVHSim2 neurons strongly activates AgRP neurons. Lastly, chronic silencing of PVHSim2 neurons causes persistent hypophagia. This PVHSim2-to-AgRP-neuron circuit, by anticipating and preventing negative energy balance, provides an important new dimension of hunger regulation.},
  author       = {Walker, Samuel J. and Lowenstein, Elijah D. and Douglass, Amelia May Barnett and Thomas, Callum M.P. and Madara, Joseph C. and Kucukdereli, Hakan and Barbosa-Meillon, Eunice A. and Tao, Jenkang and Resch, Jon M. and Lowell, Bradford B.},
  issn         = { 1097-4199},
  journal      = {Neuron},
  keywords     = {hunger, hypothalamus, AGRP neurons, neuroscience, metabolism, homeostasis, feeding, food intake, energy balance, appetite},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{A hypothalamic circuit for anticipating future changes in energy balance}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.neuron.2026.05.010},
  year         = {2026},
}

@phdthesis{21957,
  abstract     = {This thesis investigates algorithmic certification and approximation methods for degenerate semidefinite programs (SDPs) and the singular roots of polynomial systems. In the first part, we present a hybrid symbolic-numeric algorithm for certifying the feasibility of weakly feasible, degenerate SDPs. By reformulating linear matrix inequalities (LMIs) into a structured polynomial system via facial reduction and incidence varieties, we guarantee the existence of an isolated exact solution. This algebraic reduction enables the certification of maximum-rank numerical approximations using methods from algebraic geometry.

In the second part, we address the severe ill-conditioning and loss of quadratic convergence that plague standard path-tracking methods near isolated singular roots. To overcome this, we propose tracking algorithms that achieve superlinear convergence without the computational bloat characteristic of classical deflation techniques. By modeling the solution path as a generalized fractional Puiseux series, our approach combines an explicitly derived algebraic predictor with a localized hyperplane desingularization phase during the corrector step. Furthermore, we introduce a continuous path-limit method and an extension of the geometric sequence rule to directly extract exact fractional exponents. This bypasses traditional heuristic trial-and-error methods and explicitly accommodates sparse series expansions. Numerical experiments confirm that our method significantly reduces the cumulative number of matrix inversions while achieving high-accuracy root approximations, even for heavily degenerate systems exhibiting higher coranks.},
  author       = {Zapata, Jeferson},
  isbn         = {978-3-99078-079-4},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {89},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Overcoming degeneracy and singularity : Techniques for semidefinite programs and homotopy continuation endgames}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-21957},
  year         = {2026},
}

@misc{21960,
  abstract     = {Solitons - localized wave packets that travel without spreading - play a central role in understanding transport and properties of nonlinear systems. In quantum many-body systems, however, such robust excitations are typically destroyed by thermalization. Here, we theoretically demonstrate the existence of solitonic excitations in high-energy states of Rydberg atom chains in the regime of strong nearest-neighbor Rydberg blockade. 
These localized wave packets propagate directionally atop a special class of reviving initial states related to quantum many-body scars and are capable of carrying energy. Exhibiting long coherence times, these states constitute a form of non-ergodic quantum dynamics and can be efficiently implemented on Rydberg atom simulators. In this work, in addition to a phenomenological description of solitons, we identify their counterpart in a classical nonlinear dynamical system, demonstrate their potential use in quantum information transfer, and conjecture their relevance for anomalous energy transport reported in numerical studies of Rydberg atom arrays.},
  author       = {Kerschbaumer, Aron},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Research Data: "Quasi-solitons in Rydberg atom chains"}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-21960},
  year         = {2026},
}

@unpublished{21962,
  abstract     = {The generation of faithful cell-type diversity and correct projection neuron numbers is essential for cerebral cortex development. Corticogenesis is however susceptible to genetic interference of critical signaling pathways, including mutations in Mtor/Rptor that lead to microcephaly. How the loss of Rptor/mTORC1 function affects cortical developmental programs, at single cell level, is still unknown. Here, we utilized Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers (MADM) technology to probe Rptor gene function upon sparse single cell- or global tissue-wide ablation. We found that tissue-wide effects drive the etiology of cortical microcephaly upon loss of Rptor, rather than deficits in projection neuron genesis. Conversely, Rptor function is cell-autonomously required for postnatal projection neuron survival in a highly cell-type-specific manner. Collectively, our results suggest that the fine balance of precise cell-type-specific cell-autonomous Rptor/mTORC1 function in concert with non-cell-autonomous tissue-wide effects is essential for the development of a properly-sized cerebral cortex with accurate projection neuron diversity.},
  author       = {Villalba Requena, Ana and Beattie, Robert J and Pauler, Florian and Streicher, Carmen and Miranda, Osvaldo and Krausgruber, Thomas and Senekowitsch, Martin and Farlik, Matthias and Bock, Christoph and Rülicke, Thomas and Hippenmeyer, Simon},
  booktitle    = {bioRxiv},
  title        = {{Mtor/Rptor function globally prevents cortical microcephaly and cell-autonomously promotes postnatal neuron survival in cell type specific manner}},
  doi          = {10.64898/2026.05.01.722172},
  year         = {2026},
}

@unpublished{21963,
  abstract     = {The cerebral cortex consists of immense numbers of neuronal and glial cell-types derived from radial glial progenitor (RGP) cells. How RGPs generate appropriate quantities of distinct cortical cell-types to safeguard a brain of correct size, is not well understood. However, genetic aberration in human, including mutations in PTEN, lead to cortical malformation such as macrocephaly, albeit with unknown etiology. Here we utilized Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers (MADM)-based clonal analysis and single cell phenotyping to decipher the role of Pten in neurogenic and gliogenic RGP lineage progression during cortical ontogeny. While neurogenic RGP lineage progression and projection neuron production was moderately altered in the absence of Pten, cortical astrocyte production was drastically increased. Through genetic epistasis experiments we show that the loss of Pten uncouples astrocyte generation from essential growth factor signaling hubs, funneling into MAPK. Collectively, our results suggest that Pten regulates RGP lineage progression with distinct sequential functions in cortical projection neurogenesis and astrocyte production to ensure the emergence of a correctly-sized cerebral cortex.},
  author       = {Miranda, Osvaldo and Contreras, Ximena and Pauler, Florian and Davaatseren, Amarbayasgalan and Amberg, Nicole and Streicher, Carmen and Villalba Requena, Ana and Heger, Anna-Magdalena and Marie, Corentine and Hassan, Bassem A. and Rülicke, Thomas and Hippenmeyer, Simon},
  booktitle    = {bioRxiv},
  title        = {{Pten orchestrates neurogenic radial glia lineage progression and tunes neocortical astrocyte production}},
  doi          = {10.64898/2026.05.01.722191},
  year         = {2026},
}

@unpublished{21968,
  abstract     = {Balancing selection, a form of selection that maintains genetic diversity, is difficult to detect, and the importance of balancing selection for the maintenance of genetic variation may be larger than often assumed. We model the possibility that the diversity-promoting effects of balancing selection extend to other loci that show sign epistasis with a locus under balancing selection. Rather than focusing on overdominance, as was done in previous efforts, we explore the effects of negative frequency dependence and show that this has important effects on the conditions under which the diversity-promoting effect of epistasis can occur in diploids. Our results show that not only recombination rate but also the dominance of sign epistasis are key parameters that determine the maintenance of polymorphism beyond the locus under direct balancing selection. We suggest that the effect we explore may play a significant role, especially when balancing selection acts on major effect loci.},
  author       = {Khudiakova, Kseniia and Barton, Nicholas H and Arnqvist, Goran},
  booktitle    = {bioRxiv},
  title        = {{Sign epistasis extends the effects of balancing selection on genetic diversity}},
  doi          = {10.1101/2025.04.09.647826},
  year         = {2026},
}

@misc{21971,
  abstract     = {A Rust library for analyzing dendritic structures using quadric matrices. This project provides efficient tools for representing dendritic trees, computing quadric error metrics, and visualizing eigenvalue distributions on hexagonal plots.

This library implements quadric-based geometric analysis of dendritic structures, commonly found in neuroscience applications. Key features include:

Tree data structures: Hierarchical vertex and edge representations for dendritic trees
Quadric matrices: Computation of quadric error metrics for edges and vertices
Visualisation: Hexagonal plot generation using NormPolar transformations
Interactive tools: Desktop application with plotting capabilities},
  author       = {Bleile, Yossi and Cortinovis, Emanuele},
  keywords     = {quadratics, mathematics, dendrites, geometry, topology},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Quadrix}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-21971},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21980,
  abstract     = {Despite significant progress in the field of molecular electronics over the last two decades, the quantitative prediction of metal-molecule-metal junction conductance remains a challenge. The standard computational framework combines density functional theory (DFT) with nonequilibrium Green’s functions (NEGF) using low-rung exchange-correlation functionals such as PBE, which overestimate the conductances. More advanced correction methods exist but require complex workflows and high computational cost, limiting their accessibility. Here, we introduce a physically motivated approach that approximates results obtained with high-rung functionals. Our method fits the PBE-calculated transmission to a Breit-Wigner form and subsequently refines the fit parameters using molecular orbital energies and metal densities of states computed for the isolated subsystems with high-rung functionals. This approach is applicable to a broad range of molecular junctions yielding conductance values in quantitative agreement with experiments. Our approach is simple, low-cost, and accurate, making it well-suited for routine and large-scale prediction of single-molecule junction conductance.},
  author       = {Gulyaev, Artem and Hazarika, Jyotisman and Liu, Zhen-Fei and Venkataraman, Latha},
  issn         = {1530-6992},
  journal      = {Nano Letters},
  number       = {22},
  pages        = {7429–7434},
  publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
  title        = {{A computationally efficient and accurate method for predicting conductance of single-molecule junctions}},
  doi          = {10.1021/acs.nanolett.6c01462},
  volume       = {26},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21981,
  abstract     = {For Hamiltonian actions of semidirect products G = FxH, we study 2-cocycles arising from residual Hamiltonian actions of F on Hamiltonian reductions for H. The motivation comes from the study of Teichmüller spaces for surfaces with boundary, which carry Hamiltonian actions of the Virasoro algebra. In this paper, we give a general setup for the problem, and we suggest an easier way to obtain the Gelfand-Fuchs 2-cocycles for Hamiltonian actions on Teichmüller spaces.},
  author       = {Goncharov, Viacheslav},
  issn         = {1879-1662},
  journal      = {Journal of Geometry and Physics},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{An easier way to compute 2-cocycles coming from a reduction for semidirect products}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.geomphys.2026.105878},
  volume       = {227},
  year         = {2026},
}

@article{21982,
  abstract     = {A floating Leidenfrost droplet exhibits curvature inversion of its underside, due to the balance of vapor pressure and surface tension. Using interferometric imaging, we find different behavior for a levitated hydrogel sphere. Curvature inversion is observed briefly just after deposition, but quickly gives way to a steady state with no inversion. We show the essential role of vaporization in shaping the underbelly of the hydrogel, where changes due to direct mass loss are more significant than the balance of vapor pressure and elastic forces.},
  author       = {Diaz Melian, Vicente L and Lenton, Isaac C and Binysh, Jack and Souslov, Anton and Waitukaitis, Scott R},
  issn         = {2470-0053},
  journal      = {Physical Review E},
  number       = {5},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Geometry of the vapor layer under a Leidenfrost hydrogel sphere}},
  doi          = {10.1103/m7gr-2t6j},
  volume       = {113},
  year         = {2026},
}