@inproceedings{15093, abstract = {We present a dynamic data structure for maintaining the persistent homology of a time series of real numbers. The data structure supports local operations, including the insertion and deletion of an item and the cutting and concatenating of lists, each in time O(log n + k), in which n counts the critical items and k the changes in the augmented persistence diagram. To achieve this, we design a tailor-made tree structure with an unconventional representation, referred to as banana tree, which may be useful in its own right.}, author = {Cultrera di Montesano, Sebastiano and Edelsbrunner, Herbert and Henzinger, Monika H and Ost, Lara}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the 2024 Annual ACM-SIAM Symposium on Discrete Algorithms (SODA)}, editor = {Woodruff, David P.}, location = {Alexandria, VA, USA}, pages = {243 -- 295}, publisher = {Society for Industrial and Applied Mathematics}, title = {{Dynamically maintaining the persistent homology of time series}}, doi = {10.1137/1.9781611977912.11}, year = {2024}, } @article{15098, abstract = {The paper is devoted to the analysis of the global well-posedness and the interior regularity of the 2D Navier–Stokes equations with inhomogeneous stochastic boundary conditions. The noise, white in time and coloured in space, can be interpreted as the physical law describing the driving mechanism on the atmosphere–ocean interface, i.e. as a balance of the shear stress of the ocean and the horizontal wind force.}, author = {Agresti, Antonio and Luongo, Eliseo}, issn = {1432-1807}, journal = {Mathematische Annalen}, pages = {2727--2766}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Global well-posedness and interior regularity of 2D Navier-Stokes equations with stochastic boundary conditions}}, doi = {10.1007/s00208-024-02812-0}, volume = {390}, year = {2024}, } @article{15099, abstract = {Speciation is a key evolutionary process that is not yet fully understood. Combining population genomic and ecological data from multiple diverging pairs of marine snails (Littorina) supports the search for speciation mechanisms. Placing pairs on a one-dimensional speciation continuum, from undifferentiated populations to species, obscured the complexity of speciation. Adding multiple axes helped to describe either speciation routes or reproductive isolation in the snails. Divergent ecological selection repeatedly generated barriers between ecotypes, but appeared less important in completing speciation while genetic incompatibilities played a key role. Chromosomal inversions contributed to genomic barriers, but with variable impact. A multidimensional (hypercube) approach supported framing of questions and identification of knowledge gaps and can be useful to understand speciation in many other systems.}, author = {Johannesson, Kerstin and Faria, Rui and Le Moan, Alan and Rafajlović, Marina and Westram, Anja M and Butlin, Roger K. and Stankowski, Sean}, issn = {1362-4555}, journal = {Trends in Genetics}, number = {4}, pages = {337--351}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Diverse pathways to speciation revealed by marine snails}}, doi = {10.1016/j.tig.2024.01.002}, volume = {40}, year = {2024}, } @misc{15108, abstract = {in the research article "Efficiency and resilience of cooperation in asymmetric social dilemmas" (by Valentin Hübner, Manuel Staab, Christian Hilbe, Krishnendu Chatterjee, and Maria Kleshnina). We used different implementations for the case of two and three players, both described below.}, author = {Hübner, Valentin and Kleshnina, Maria}, publisher = {Zenodo}, title = {{Computer code for "Efficiency and resilience of cooperation in asymmetric social dilemmas"}}, doi = {10.5281/ZENODO.10639167}, year = {2024}, } @article{15114, abstract = {As a key liquid organic hydrogen carrier, investigating the decomposition of formic acid (HCOOH) on the Pd (1 1 1) transition metal surface is imperative for harnessing hydrogen energy. Despite a multitude of studies, the major mechanisms and key intermediates involved in the dehydrogenation process of formic acid remain a great topic of debate due to ambiguous adsorbate interactions. In this research, we develop an advanced microkinetic model based on first-principles calculations, accounting for adsorbate–adsorbate interactions. Our study unveils a comprehensive mechanism for the Pd (1 1 1) surface, highlighting the significance of coverage effects in formic acid dehydrogenation. Our findings unequivocally demonstrate that H coverage on the Pd (1 1 1) surface renders formic acid more susceptible to decompose into H2 and CO2 through COOH intermediates. Consistent with experimental results, the selectivity of H2 in the decomposition of formic acid on the Pd (1 1 1) surface approaches 100 %. Considering the influence of H coverage, our kinetic analysis aligns perfectly with experimental values at a temperature of 373 K.}, author = {Yao, Zihao and Liu, Xu and Bunting, Rhys and Wang, Jianguo}, issn = {0009-2509}, journal = {Chemical Engineering Science}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Unravelling the reaction mechanism for H2 production via formic acid decomposition over Pd: Coverage-dependent microkinetic modeling}}, doi = {10.1016/j.ces.2024.119959}, volume = {291}, year = {2024}, } @article{15118, abstract = {Cell division in all domains of life requires the orchestration of many proteins, but in Archaea most of the machinery remains poorly characterized. Here we investigate the FtsZ-based cell division mechanism in Haloferax volcanii and find proteins containing photosynthetic reaction centre (PRC) barrel domains that play an essential role in archaeal cell division. We rename these proteins cell division protein B 1 (CdpB1) and CdpB2. Depletions and deletions in their respective genes cause severe cell division defects, generating drastically enlarged cells. Fluorescence microscopy of tagged FtsZ1, FtsZ2 and SepF in CdpB1 and CdpB2 mutant strains revealed an unusually disordered divisome that is not organized into a distinct ring-like structure. Biochemical analysis shows that SepF forms a tripartite complex with CdpB1/2 and crystal structures suggest that these two proteins might form filaments, possibly aligning SepF and the FtsZ2 ring during cell division. Overall our results indicate that PRC-domain proteins play essential roles in FtsZ-based cell division in Archaea.}, author = {Nußbaum, Phillip and Kureisaite-Ciziene, Danguole and Bellini, Dom and Van Der Does, Chris and Kojic, Marko and Taib, Najwa and Yeates, Anna and Tourte, Maxime and Gribaldo, Simonetta and Loose, Martin and Löwe, Jan and Albers, Sonja Verena}, issn = {2058-5276}, journal = {Nature Microbiology}, number = {3}, pages = {698--711}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Proteins containing photosynthetic reaction centre domains modulate FtsZ-based archaeal cell division}}, doi = {10.1038/s41564-024-01600-5}, volume = {9}, year = {2024}, } @article{15163, abstract = {For some k∈Z≥0∪{∞}, we call a linear forest k-bounded if each of its components has at most k edges. We will say a (k,ℓ)-bounded linear forest decomposition of a graph G is a partition of E(G) into the edge sets of two linear forests Fk,Fℓ where Fk is k-bounded and Fℓ is ℓ-bounded. We show that the problem of deciding whether a given graph has such a decomposition is NP-complete if both k and ℓ are at least 2, NP-complete if k≥9 and ℓ=1, and is in P for (k,ℓ)=(2,1). Before this, the only known NP-complete cases were the (2,2) and (3,3) cases. Our hardness result answers a question of Bermond et al. from 1984. We also show that planar graphs of girth at least nine decompose into a linear forest and a matching, which in particular is stronger than 3-edge-colouring such graphs.}, author = {Campbell, Rutger and Hörsch, Florian and Moore, Benjamin}, issn = {0012-365X}, journal = {Discrete Mathematics}, number = {6}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Decompositions into two linear forests of bounded lengths}}, doi = {10.1016/j.disc.2024.113962}, volume = {347}, year = {2024}, } @article{15166, abstract = {Reducing defects boosts room-temperature performance of a thermoelectric device}, author = {Navita, Navita and Ibáñez, Maria}, issn = {1095-9203}, journal = {Science}, number = {6688}, pages = {1184}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science}, title = {{Electron highways are cooler}}, doi = {10.1126/science.ado4077}, volume = {383}, year = {2024}, } @article{15167, abstract = {We perform a diagrammatic analysis of the energy of a mobile impurity immersed in a strongly interacting two-component Fermi gas to second order in the impurity-bath interaction. These corrections demonstrate divergent behavior in the limit of large impurity momentum. We show the fundamental processes responsible for these logarithmically divergent terms. We study the problem in the general case without any assumptions regarding the fermion-fermion interactions in the bath. We show that the divergent term can be summed up to all orders in the Fermi-Fermi interaction and that the resulting expression is equivalent to the one obtained in the few-body calculation. Finally, we provide a perturbative calculation to the second order in the Fermi-Fermi interaction, and we show the diagrams responsible for these terms.}, author = {Al Hyder, Ragheed and Chevy, F. and Leyronas, X.}, issn = {2469-9934}, journal = {Physical Review A}, number = {3}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{Exploring beyond-mean-field logarithmic divergences in Fermi-polaron energy}}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.109.033315}, volume = {109}, year = {2024}, } @article{15170, abstract = {The James Webb Space Telescope is revealing a new population of dust-reddened broad-line active galactic nuclei (AGN) at redshifts z ≳ 5. Here we present deep NIRSpec/Prism spectroscopy from the Cycle 1 Treasury program Ultradeep NIRSpec and NIRCam ObserVations before the Epoch of Reionization (UNCOVER) of 15 AGN candidates selected to be compact, with red continua in the rest-frame optical but with blue slopes in the UV. From NIRCam photometry alone, they could have been dominated by dusty star formation or an AGN. Here we show that the majority of the compact red sources in UNCOVER are dust-reddened AGN: 60% show definitive evidence for broad-line Hα with a FWHM > 2000 km s −1, 20% of the current data are inconclusive, and 20% are brown dwarf stars. We propose an updated photometric criterion to select red z > 5 AGN that excludes brown dwarfs and is expected to yield >80% AGN. Remarkably, among all zphot > 5 galaxies with F277W – F444W > 1 in UNCOVER at least 33% are AGN regardless of compactness, climbing to at least 80% AGN for sources with F277W – F444W > 1.6. The confirmed AGN have black hole masses of 107–109M⊙. While their UV luminosities (−16 > MUV > −20 AB mag) are low compared to UV-selected AGN at these epochs, consistent with percent-level scattered AGN light or low levels of unobscured star formation, the inferred bolometric luminosities are typical of 107–109M⊙ black holes radiating at ∼10%–40% the Eddington limit. The number densities are surprisingly high at ∼10−5 Mpc−3 mag−1, 100 times more common than the faintest UV-selected quasars, while accounting for ∼1% of the UV-selected galaxies. While their UV faintness suggests they may not contribute strongly to reionization, their ubiquity poses challenges to models of black hole growth.}, author = {Greene, Jenny E. and Labbe, Ivo and Goulding, Andy D. and Furtak, Lukas J. and Chemerynska, Iryna and Kokorev, Vasily and Dayal, Pratika and Volonteri, Marta and Williams, Christina C. and Wang, Bingjie and Setton, David J. and Burgasser, Adam J. and Bezanson, Rachel and Atek, Hakim and Brammer, Gabriel and Cutler, Sam E. and Feldmann, Robert and Fujimoto, Seiji and Glazebrook, Karl and De Graaff, Anna and Khullar, Gourav and Leja, Joel and Marchesini, Danilo and Maseda, Michael V. and Matthee, Jorryt J and Miller, Tim B. and Naidu, Rohan P. and Nanayakkara, Themiya and Oesch, Pascal A. and Pan, Richard and Papovich, Casey and Price, Sedona H. and Van Dokkum, Pieter and Weaver, John R. and Whitaker, Katherine E. and Zitrin, Adi}, issn = {1538-4357}, journal = {Astrophysical Journal}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, title = {{UNCOVER spectroscopy confirms the surprising ubiquity of active galactic nuclei in red sources at z > 5}}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ad1e5f}, volume = {964}, year = {2024}, } @article{15171, abstract = {The brain’s functionality is developed and maintained through synaptic plasticity. As synapses undergo plasticity, they also affect each other. The nature of such ‘co-dependency’ is difficult to disentangle experimentally, because multiple synapses must be monitored simultaneously. To help understand the experimentally observed phenomena, we introduce a framework that formalizes synaptic co-dependency between different connection types. The resulting model explains how inhibition can gate excitatory plasticity while neighboring excitatory–excitatory interactions determine the strength of long-term potentiation. Furthermore, we show how the interplay between excitatory and inhibitory synapses can account for the quick rise and long-term stability of a variety of synaptic weight profiles, such as orientation tuning and dendritic clustering of co-active synapses. In recurrent neuronal networks, co-dependent plasticity produces rich and stable motor cortex-like dynamics with high input sensitivity. Our results suggest an essential role for the neighborly synaptic interaction during learning, connecting micro-level physiology with network-wide phenomena.}, author = {Agnes, Everton J. and Vogels, Tim P}, issn = {1546-1726}, journal = {Nature Neuroscience}, pages = {964--974}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Co-dependent excitatory and inhibitory plasticity accounts for quick, stable and long-lasting memories in biological networks}}, doi = {10.1038/s41593-024-01597-4}, volume = {27}, year = {2024}, } @article{15172, abstract = {We propose a novel approach to concentration for non-independent random variables. The main idea is to “pretend” that the random variables are independent and pay a multiplicative price measuring how far they are from actually being independent. This price is encapsulated in the Hellinger integral between the joint and the product of the marginals, which is then upper bounded leveraging tensorisation properties. Our bounds represent a natural generalisation of concentration inequalities in the presence of dependence: we recover exactly the classical bounds (McDiarmid’s inequality) when the random variables are independent. Furthermore, in a “large deviations” regime, we obtain the same decay in the probability as for the independent case, even when the random variables display non-trivial dependencies. To show this, we consider a number of applications of interest. First, we provide a bound for Markov chains with finite state space. Then, we consider the Simple Symmetric Random Walk, which is a non-contracting Markov chain, and a non-Markovian setting in which the stochastic process depends on its entire past. To conclude, we propose an application to Markov Chain Monte Carlo methods, where our approach leads to an improved lower bound on the minimum burn-in period required to reach a certain accuracy. In all of these settings, we provide a regime of parameters in which our bound fares better than what the state of the art can provide.}, author = {Esposito, Amedeo Roberto and Mondelli, Marco}, issn = {1557-9654}, journal = {IEEE Transactions on Information Theory}, number = {6}, pages = {3823--3839}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {{Concentration without independence via information measures}}, doi = {10.1109/TIT.2024.3367767}, volume = {70}, year = {2024}, } @article{15179, abstract = {The fungal bioluminescence pathway can be reconstituted in other organisms allowing luminescence imaging without exogenously supplied substrate. The pathway starts from hispidin biosynthesis—a step catalyzed by a large fungal polyketide synthase that requires a posttranslational modification for activity. Here, we report identification of alternative compact hispidin synthases encoded by a phylogenetically diverse group of plants. A hybrid bioluminescence pathway that combines plant and fungal genes is more compact, not dependent on availability of machinery for posttranslational modifications, and confers autonomous bioluminescence in yeast, mammalian, and plant hosts. The compact size of plant hispidin synthases enables additional modes of delivery of autoluminescence, such as delivery with viral vectors.}, author = {Palkina, Kseniia A. and Karataeva, Tatiana A. and Perfilov, Maxim M. and Fakhranurova, Liliia I. and Markina, Nadezhda M. and Gonzalez Somermeyer, Louisa and Garcia-Perez, Elena and Vazquez-Vilar, Marta and Rodriguez-Rodriguez, Marta and Vazquez-Vilriales, Victor and Shakhova, Ekaterina S. and Mitiouchkina, Tatiana and Belozerova, Olga A. and Kovalchuk, Sergey I. and Alekberova, Anna and Malyshevskaia, Alena K. and Bugaeva, Evgenia N. and Guglya, Elena B. and Balakireva, Anastasia and Sytov, Nikita and Bezlikhotnova, Anastasia and Boldyreva, Daria I. and Babenko, Vladislav V. and Kondrashov, Fyodor and Choob, Vladimir V. and Orzaez, Diego and Yampolsky, Ilia V. and Mishin, Alexander S. and Sarkisyan, Karen S.}, issn = {2375-2548}, journal = {Science Advances}, number = {10}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science}, title = {{A hybrid pathway for self-sustained luminescence}}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adk1992}, volume = {10}, year = {2024}, } @article{15181, abstract = {We demonstrate the failure of the adiabatic Born-Oppenheimer approximation to describe the ground state of a quantum impurity within an ultracold Fermi gas despite substantial mass differences between the bath and impurity species. Increasing repulsion leads to the appearance of nonadiabatic couplings between the fast bath and slow impurity degrees of freedom, which reduce the parity symmetry of the latter according to the pseudo Jahn-Teller effect. The presence of this mechanism is associated to a conical intersection involving the impurity position and the inverse of the interaction strength, which acts as a synthetic dimension. We elucidate the presence of these effects via a detailed ground-state analysis involving the comparison of ab initio fully correlated simulations with effective models. Our study suggests ultracold atomic ensembles as potent emulators of complex molecular phenomena.}, author = {Becker, A. and Koutentakis, Georgios and Schmelcher, P.}, issn = {2643-1564}, journal = {Physical Review Research}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{Synthetic dimension-induced pseudo Jahn-Teller effect in one-dimensional confined fermions}}, doi = {10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013257}, volume = {6}, year = {2024}, } @article{15189, abstract = {Cataclysmic variables (CVs) that have evolved past the period minimum during their lifetimes are predicted to be systems with a brown dwarf donor. While population synthesis models predict that around 40–70 per cent of the Galactic CVs are post-period minimum systems referred to as ‘period bouncers’, only a few dozen confirmed systems are known. We report the study and characterization of a new eclipsing CV, SRGeJ041130.3+685350 (SRGeJ0411), discovered from a joint SRG/eROSITA and ZTF programme. The optical spectrum of SRGeJ0411 shows prominent hydrogen and helium emission lines, typical for CVs. We obtained optical high-speed photometry to confirm the eclipse of SRGeJ0411 and determine the orbital period to be Porb ≈ 97.530 min. The spectral energy distribution suggests that the donor has an effective temperature of ≲ 1800 K. We constrain the donor mass with the period–density relationship for Roche lobe-filling stars and find that Mdonor ≲ 0.04 M⊙. The binary parameters are consistent with evolutionary models for post-period minimum CVs, suggesting that SRGeJ0411 is a new period bouncer. The optical emission lines of SRGeJ0411 are single-peaked despite the system being eclipsing, which is typically only seen due to stream-fed accretion in polars. X-ray spectroscopy hints that the white dwarf in SRGeJ0411 could be magnetic, but verifying the magnetic nature of SRGeJ0411 requires further investigation. The lack of optical outbursts has made SRGeJ0411 elusive in previous surveys, and joint X-ray and optical surveys highlight the potential for discovering similar systems in the near future.}, author = {Galiullin, Ilkham and Rodriguez, Antonio C and Kulkarni, Shrinivas R and Sunyaev, Rashid and Gilfanov, Marat and Bikmaev, Ilfan and Yungelson, Lev and van Roestel, Jan and Gänsicke, Boris T and Khamitov, Irek and Szkody, Paula and El-Badry, Kareem and Suslikov, Mikhail and Prince, Thomas A and Buntov, Mikhail and Caiazzo, Ilaria and Gorbachev, Mark and Graham, Matthew J and Gumerov, Rustam and Irtuganov, Eldar and Laher, Russ R and Medvedev, Pavel and Riddle, Reed and Rusholme, Ben and Sakhibullin, Nail and Sklyanov, Alexander and Vanderbosch, Zachary P}, issn = {1365-2966}, journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, keywords = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics}, number = {1}, pages = {676--692}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{A joint SRG/eROSITA + ZTF search: Discovery of a 97-min period eclipsing cataclysmic variable with evidence of a brown dwarf secondary}}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/stae012}, volume = {528}, year = {2024}, } @article{15191, abstract = {Despite their shared origin, members of globular clusters display star-to-star variations in composition. The observed pattern of element abundances is unique to these stellar environments and cannot be fully explained by any proposed mechanism. It remains unclear whether stars form with chemical heterogeneity or inherit it from interactions with other members. These scenarios may be differentiated by the dependence of chemical spread on stellar mass; however, obtaining a sufficiently large mass baseline requires abundance measurements on the lower main sequence, which is too faint for spectroscopy even in the nearest globular clusters. We developed a stellar modeling method to obtain precise chemical abundances for stars near the end of the main sequence from multiband photometry, and we applied it to the globular cluster 47 Tucanae. The computational efficiency is attained by matching chemical elements to the model components that are most sensitive to their abundance. We determined [O/Fe] for ∼5000 members below the main-sequence knee at the level of accuracy, comparable to the spectroscopic measurements of evolved members in the literature. The inferred distribution disfavors stellar interactions as the origin of chemical spread; however, an accurate theory of accretion is required to draw a more definitive conclusion. We anticipate that future observations of 47 Tucanae with the James Webb Space Telescope will extend the mass baseline of our analysis into the substellar regime. Therefore, we present predicted color–magnitude diagrams and mass–magnitude relations for the brown dwarf members of 47 Tucanae.}, author = {Gerasimov, Roman and Burgasser, Adam J. and Caiazzo, Ilaria and Homeier, Derek and Richer, Harvey B. and Correnti, Matteo and Heyl, Jeremy}, issn = {1538-4357}, journal = {The Astrophysical Journal}, keywords = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics}, number = {1}, publisher = {American Astronomical Society}, title = {{Exploring the chemistry and mass function of the globular cluster 47 Tucanae with new theoretical color–magnitude diagrams}}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ad08bf}, volume = {961}, year = {2024}, } @article{15247, abstract = {Extending the notion of sunflowers, we call a family of at least two sets an odd-sunflower if every element of the underlying set is contained in an odd number of sets or in none of them. It follows from the Erdős–Szemerédi conjecture, recently proved by Naslund and Sawin, that there is a constant <2 such that every family of subsets of an n-element set that contains no odd-sunflower consists of at most n sets. We construct such families of size at least 1.5021n. We also characterize minimal odd-sunflowers of triples.}, author = {Frankl, Peter and Pach, János and Pálvölgyi, Dömötör}, issn = {1096-0899}, journal = {Journal of Combinatorial Theory, Series A}, number = {8}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Odd-sunflowers}}, doi = {10.1016/j.jcta.2024.105889}, volume = {206}, year = {2024}, } @article{15248, abstract = {Applying the technique of p-adic integration, we prove the topological mirror symmetry conjecture of Hausel-Thaddeus for the moduli spaces of (strongly) parabolic Higgs bundles for the structure groups SLn and PGLn, building on previous work of Groechenig-Wyss-Ziegler on the non-parabolic case. We also prove the E-polynomial of the smooth moduli space of parabolic GLn-Higgs bundles is independent of the degree of the underlying vector bundles.}, author = {Shen, Shiyu}, issn = {1090-2082}, journal = {Advances in Mathematics}, number = {5}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Mirror symmetry for parabolic Higgs bundles via p-adic integration}}, doi = {10.1016/j.aim.2024.109616}, volume = {443}, year = {2024}, } @article{15249, abstract = {Observationally mapping the relation between galaxies and the intergalactic medium (IGM) is of key interest for studies of cosmic reionization. Diffuse hydrogen gas has typically been observed in H I Lyman-α (Lyα) absorption in the spectra of bright background quasars. However, it is important to extend these measurements to background galaxies as quasars become increasingly rare at high redshift and rarely probe closely separated sight lines. Here, we use deep integral field spectroscopy in the MUSE eXtremely Deep Field to demonstrate the measurement of the Lyα transmission at z ≈ 4 in absorption to a background galaxy at z = 4.77. The H I transmission is consistent with independent quasar sight lines at similar redshifts. Exploiting the high number of spectroscopic redshifts of faint galaxies (500 between z = 4.0–4.7 within a radius of 8 arcmin) that are tracers of the density field, we show that Lyα transmission is inversely correlated with galaxy density, i.e. transparent regions in the Lyα forest mark underdense regions at z ≈ 4. Due to large-scale clustering, galaxies are surrounded by excess H I absorption over the cosmic mean out to 4 cMpc/h70. We also find that redshifts from the peak of the Lyα line are typically offset from the systemic redshift by +170 km s−1. This work extends results from z ≈ 2–3 to higher redshifts and demonstrates the power of deep integral field spectroscopy to simultaneously measure the ionization structure of the IGM and the large-scale density field in the early Universe.}, author = {Matthee, Jorryt J and Golling, Christopher and Mackenzie, Ruari and Pezzulli, Gabriele and Lilly, Simon and Schaye, Joop and Bacon, Roland and Kusakabe, Haruka and Urrutia, Tanya and Boogaard, Leindert and Brinchmann, Jarle and Maseda, Michael V. and Garel, Thibault and Bouché, Nicolas F. and Wisotzki, Lutz}, issn = {1365-2966}, journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {3}, pages = {2794--2806}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{Large-scale excess H I absorption around z ≈ 4 galaxies detected in a background galaxy spectrum in the MUSE eXtremely deep field}}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/stae673}, volume = {529}, year = {2024}, } @article{15251, abstract = {Brassinosteroids are steroidal phytohormones that regulate plant development and physiology, including adaptation to environmental stresses. Brassinosteroids are synthesized in the cell interior but bind receptors at the cell surface, necessitating a yet to be identified export mechanism. Here, we show that a member of the ATP-binding cassette (ABC) transporter superfamily, ABCB19, functions as a brassinosteroid exporter. We present its structure in both the substrate-unbound and the brassinosteroid-bound states. Bioactive brassinosteroids are potent activators of ABCB19 ATP hydrolysis activity, and transport assays showed that ABCB19 transports brassinosteroids. In Arabidopsis thaliana, ABCB19 and its close homolog, ABCB1, positively regulate brassinosteroid responses. Our results uncover an elusive export mechanism for bioactive brassinosteroids that is tightly coordinated with brassinosteroid signaling.}, author = {Ying, Wei and Wang, Yaowei and Wei, Hong and Luo, Yongming and Ma, Qian and Zhu, Heyuan and Janssens, Hilde and Vukašinović, Nemanja and Kvasnica, Miroslav and Winne, Johan M. and Gao, Yongxiang and Tan, Shutang and Friml, Jiří and Liu, Xin and Russinova, Eugenia and Sun, Linfeng}, issn = {1095-9203}, journal = {Science}, number = {6689}, pages = {eadj4591}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science}, title = {{Structure and function of the Arabidopsis ABC transporter ABCB19 in brassinosteroid export}}, doi = {10.1126/science.adj4591}, volume = {383}, year = {2024}, }