@article{20527,
  abstract     = {Arising from C. Yang et al. Nature Chemistry https://doi.org/10.1038/s41557-023-01212-2 (2023)

In this work Yang et al.1 claim that an enantioselective Michael addition reaction with a barrier of 16 kcal mol−1 occurs at the single-molecule level in frozen solvent by measuring fluctuations in current flowing across graphene-based molecular devices. The article, however, contains major scientific errors that undermine their conclusions. We highlight issues with the fabrication of the devices, a lack of characterization, discrepancies between theory and experiment, unreliable inelastic electron tunnelling spectra (IETS) and a perceived misinterpretation of noise as evidence of reaction.},
  author       = {Venkataraman, Latha and van Ruitenbeek, Jan},
  issn         = {1755-4349},
  journal      = {Nature Chemistry},
  number       = {11},
  pages        = {1767--1769},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Questioning claims of monitoring the Michael addition reaction at the single-molecule level}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41557-024-01631-9},
  volume       = {16},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{20529,
  abstract     = {Single molecules bridging two metallic electrodes can emit light through electroluminescence when subjected to a bias voltage. Typically, light emission in such devices results from transitions between molecular states, although in the presence of light-matter coupling, the emission can result from a transition between hybrid light-matter states. Here, we create single metal-molecule-metal junctions and simultaneously collect conductance and electroluminescence data using a scanning tunneling microscope (STM) equipped with a custom spectrometer. Through experimental analysis and electronic structure calculations, we provide evidence for a molecule-electrode interfacial exciton coupled to a junction cavity plasmon. Importantly, we find that close to resonant transport conditions, the molecular junction functions as a single emitter that is strongly coupled to the junction cavity mode, leading to characteristic Rabi splitting of the emission spectrum and providing the first example of an electroluminescence-driven single-molecule system in the regime of strong light-matter coupling.},
  author       = {Paoletta, Angela L. and Hoffmann, Norah M. and Cheng, Daniel W. and York, Emma and Xu, Ding and Zhang, Boyuan and Delor, Milan and Berkelbach, Timothy C. and Venkataraman, Latha},
  issn         = {1520-5126},
  journal      = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  number       = {50},
  pages        = {34394--34400},
  publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
  title        = {{Plasmon-exciton strong coupling in single-molecule junction electroluminescence}},
  doi          = {10.1021/jacs.4c09782},
  volume       = {146},
  year         = {2024},
}

@book{20615,
  abstract     = {Spin/Pin-structures on vector bundles have long featured prominently in differential geometry, in particular providing part of the foundation for the original proof of the renowned Atiyah–Singer Index Theory. More recently, they have underpinned the symplectic topology foundations of the so-called real sector of the mirror symmetry of string theory.

This semi-expository three-part monograph provides an accessible introduction to Spin- and Pin-structures in general, demonstrates their role in the orientability considerations in symplectic topology, and presents their applications in enumerative geometry.

Part I contains a systematic treatment of Spin/Pin-structures from different topological perspectives and may be suitable for an advanced undergraduate reading seminar. This leads to Part II, which systematically studies orientability problems for the determinants of real Cauchy–Riemann operators on vector bundles. Part III introduces enumerative geometry of curves in complex projective varieties and in symplectic manifolds, demonstrating some applications of the first two parts in the process. Two appendices review the Čech cohomology perspective on fiber bundles and Lie group covering spaces.},
  author       = {Chen, Xujia and Zinger, Aleksey},
  isbn         = {9789811278532},
  publisher    = {World Scientific Publishing},
  title        = {{Spin/Pin-structures and real enumerative geometry}},
  doi          = {10.1142/13476},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{20756,
  abstract     = {Biocatalysis has the potential to address the need for more sustainable organic synthesis routes. Protein engineering can tune enzymes to perform in cascade reactions and for efficient synthesis of enantiomerically enriched compounds, using both natural and new-to-nature reaction pathways. This review highlights recent achievements in biocatalysis, especially the development of novel enzymatic syntheses to access versatile small molecule intermediates and complex biomolecules. Biocatalytic strategies for the degradation of persistent pollutants and approaches for biomass valorization are also discussed. The transition of chemical synthesis to a greener future will be accelerated by implementing enzymes and engineering them for high performance and new activities.},
  author       = {Reisenbauer, Julia and Sicinski, Kathleen M. and Arnold, Frances H.},
  issn         = {1879-0402},
  journal      = {Current Opinion in Chemical Biology},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Catalyzing the future: Recent advances in chemical synthesis using enzymes}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.cbpa.2024.102536},
  volume       = {83},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{20757,
  abstract     = {We report the utilisation of an iodine(III) reagent to access α,β-unsaturated carbonyls from the corresponding silyl enol ethers and enol phosphates. The transformation can also be carried out in one pot, directly dehydrogenating carbonyls.},
  author       = {Botlik, Bence B. and Finkelstein, Patrick and Paschke, Ann-Sophie K. and Reisenbauer, Julia and Morandi, Bill},
  issn         = {1364-548X},
  journal      = {Chemical Communications},
  number       = {69},
  pages        = {9254--9257},
  publisher    = {Royal Society of Chemistry},
  title        = {{Versatile dehydrogenation of carbonyls enabled by an iodine(III) reagent}},
  doi          = {10.1039/d4cc02609h},
  volume       = {60},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{20807,
  abstract     = {Human glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 (GCP2) from the M28B metalloprotease group is an important target for therapy in neurological disorders and an established tumor marker. However, its physiological functions remain unclear. To better understand general roles, we used the model organism Caenorhabditis elegans to genetically manipulate its three existing orthologous genes and evaluate the impact on worm physiology. The results of gene knockout studies showed that C. elegans GCP2 orthologs affect the pharyngeal physiology, reproduction, and structural integrity of the organism. Promoter-driven GFP expression revealed distinct localization for each of the three gene paralogs, with gcp-2.1 being most abundant in muscles, intestine, and pharyngeal interneurons, gcp-2.2 restricted to the phasmid neurons, and gcp-2.3 located in the excretory cell. The present study provides new insight into the unique phenotypic effects of GCP2 gene knockouts in C. elegans, and the specific tissue localizations. We believe that elucidation of particular roles in a non-mammalian organism can help to explain important questions linked to physiology of this protease group and in extension to human GCP2 involvement in pathophysiological processes.},
  author       = {Panska, Lucie and Nedvedova, Stepanka and Vacek, Vojtech and Krivska, Daniela and Konecny, Lukas and Knop, Filip and Kutil, Zsofia and Skultetyova, Lubica and Leontovyc, Adrian and Ulrychova, Lenka and Sakanari, Judy and Asahina, Masako and Barinka, Cyril and Macurkova, Marie and Dvorak, Jan},
  issn         = {1573-4935},
  journal      = {Bioscience Reports},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {Portland Press},
  title        = {{Uncovering the essential roles of glutamate carboxypeptidase 2 orthologs in Caenorhabditis elegans}},
  doi          = {10.1042/bsr20230502},
  volume       = {44},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{20808,
  abstract     = {During Caenorhabditis elegans development, multiple cells migrate long distances or extend processes to reach their final position and/or attain proper shape. The Wnt signalling pathway stands out as one of the major coordinators of cell migration or cell outgrowth along the anterior-posterior body axis. The outcome of Wnt signalling is fine-tuned by various mechanisms including endocytosis. In this study, we show that SEL-5, the C. elegans orthologue of mammalian AP2-associated kinase AAK1, acts together with the retromer complex as a positive regulator of EGL-20/Wnt signalling during the migration of QL neuroblast daughter cells. At the same time, SEL-5 in cooperation with the retromer complex is also required during excretory canal cell outgrowth. Importantly, SEL-5 kinase activity is not required for its role in neuronal migration or excretory cell outgrowth, and neither of these processes is dependent on DPY-23/AP2M1 phosphorylation. We further establish that the Wnt proteins CWN-1 and CWN-2, together with the Frizzled receptor CFZ-2, positively regulate excretory cell outgrowth, while LIN-44/Wnt and LIN-17/Frizzled together generate a stop signal inhibiting its extension.},
  author       = {Knop, Filip and Zounarová, Apolena and Šabata, Vojtěch and Middelkoop, Teije Corneel and Macůrková, Marie},
  issn         = {2050-084X},
  journal      = {eLife},
  publisher    = {eLife Sciences Publications},
  title        = {{Caenorhabditis elegans SEL-5/AAK1 regulates cell migration and cell outgrowth independently of its kinase activity}},
  doi          = {10.7554/elife.91054},
  volume       = {13},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17235,
  abstract     = {We demonstrate ion irradiation by argon or gallium as a wafer-scale post-processing method to increase disorder in superconducting thin films. We study several widely used superconductors, both single-elements and compounds. We show that ion irradiation increases normal-state resistivity in all our films, which is expected to enable tuning their superconducting properties, for example, toward a higher kinetic inductance. We observe an increase in superconducting transition temperature for Al and MoSi and a decrease for Nb, NbN, and TiN. In MoSi, ion irradiation also improves the mixing of the two materials. We demonstrate the fabrication of an amorphous and homogeneous film of MoSi with uniform thickness, which is promising, for example, for superconducting nanowire single-photon detectors.},
  author       = {Kohopää, Katja and Ronzani, Alberto and Jabdaraghi, Robab Najafi and Bera, Arijit and Ribeiro, Mário and Hazra, Dibyendu and Senior, Jorden L and Prunnila, Mika and Govenius, Joonas and Lehtinen, Janne S. and Kemppinen, Antti},
  issn         = {2166-532X},
  journal      = {APL Materials},
  number       = {7},
  publisher    = {AIP Publishing},
  title        = {{Effect of ion irradiation on superconducting thin films}},
  doi          = {10.1063/5.0202851},
  volume       = {12},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17291,
  abstract     = {Bacterial cell walls are gigadalton-large cross-linked polymers with a wide range of motional amplitudes, including rather rigid as well as highly flexible parts. Magic-angle spinning NMR is a powerful method to obtain atomic-level information about intact cell walls. Here we investigate sensitivity and information content of different homonuclear 13Csingle bond13C and heteronuclear 1Hsingle bond15N, 1Hsingle bond13C and 15Nsingle bond13C correlation experiments. We demonstrate that a CPMAS CryoProbe yields ca. 8-fold increased signal-to-noise over a room-temperature probe, or a ca. 3–4-fold larger per-mass sensitivity. The increased sensitivity allowed to obtain high-resolution spectra even on intact bacteria. Moreover, we compare resolution and sensitivity of 1H MAS experiments obtained at 100 kHz vs. 55 kHz. Our study provides useful hints for choosing experiments to extract atomic-level details on cell-wall samples.},
  author       = {Vallet, Alicia and Ayala, Isabel and Perrone, Barbara and Hassan, Alia and Simorre, Jean-Pierre and Bougault, Catherine and Schanda, Paul},
  issn         = {1090-7807},
  journal      = {Journal of Magnetic Resonance},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{MAS NMR experiments of corynebacterial cell walls: Complementary 1H- and CPMAS CryoProbe-enhanced 13C-detected experiments}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.jmr.2024.107708},
  volume       = {364},
  year         = {2024},
}

@misc{17344,
  abstract     = {This file contains the Mathematica notebook associated with the paper Effect of assortative mating and sexual selection on polygenic barriers to gene flow. It contains the numerical approximations, analyses, and simulations used in the study. },
  author       = {Surendranadh, Parvathy and Sachdeva, Himani},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Mathematica notebook for 'Effect of assortative mating and sexual selection on polygenic barriers to gene flow'}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT:ISTA:17344},
  year         = {2024},
}

@inproceedings{17423,
  abstract     = {We introduce an algorithm to reconstruct a mesh from discrete samples of a shape’s Signed Distance Function (SDF). A simple geometric reinterpretation of the SDF lets us formulate the problem through a point cloud, from which a surface can be extracted with existing techniques. We extract all possible information from the SDF data, outperforming commonly used algorithms and imposing no topological or geometric restrictions.},
  author       = {Sellán, Silvia and Ren, Yingying and Batty, Christopher and Stein, Oded},
  booktitle    = {SIGGRAPH '24: Special Interest Group on Computer Graphics and Interactive Techniques Conference},
  isbn         = {9798400705250},
  location     = {Denver, CO, United States},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{Reach for the arcs: Reconstructing surfaces from SDFs via tangent points}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3641519.3657419},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17424,
  abstract     = {Surface-based inflatables are composed of two thin layers of nearly inextensible sheet material joined together along carefully selected fusing curves. During inflation, pressure forces separate the two sheets to maximize the enclosed volume. The fusing curves restrict this expansion, leading to a spatially varying in-plane contraction and hence metric frustration. The inflated structure settles into a 3D equilibrium that balances pressure forces with the internal elastic forces of the sheets.
We present a computational framework for analyzing and designing surface-based inflatable structures with arbitrary fusing patterns. Our approach employs numerical homogenization to characterize the behavior of parametric families of periodic inflatable patch geometries, which can then be combined to tessellate the sheet with smoothly varying patterns. We propose a novel parametrization of the underlying deformation space that allows accurate, efficient, and systematical analysis of the stretching and bending behavior of inflated patches with potentially open boundaries.
We apply our homogenization algorithm to create a database of geometrically diverse fusing patterns spanning a wide range of material properties and deformation characteristics. This database is employed in an inverse design algorithm that solves for fusing curves to best approximate a given input target surface. Local patches are selected and blended to form a global network of curves based on a geometric flattening algorithm. These fusing curves are then further optimized to minimize the distance of the deployed structure to target surface. We show that this approach offers greater flexibility to approximate given target geometries compared to previous work while significantly improving structural performance.},
  author       = {Ren, Yingying and Panetta, Julian and Suzuki, Seiichi and Kusupati, Uday and Isvoranu, Florin and Pauly, Mark},
  issn         = {1557-7368},
  journal      = {ACM Transactions on Graphics},
  number       = {4},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{Computational homogenization for inverse design of surface-based inflatables}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3658125},
  volume       = {43},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17449,
  abstract     = {We prove that the $k$-th positive integer moment of partial sums of Steinhaus random multiplicative functions over the interval $(x, x+H]$ matches the corresponding Gaussian moment, as long as $H\ll x/(\log x)^{2k^2+2+o(1)}$ and $H$ tends to infinity with $x$. We show that properly normalized partial sums of typical multiplicative functions arising from realizations of random multiplicative functions have Gaussian limiting distribution in short moving intervals $(x, x+H]$ with $H\ll X/(\log X)^{W(X)}$ tending to infinity with $X$, where $x$ is uniformly chosen from $\{1,2,\dots, X\}$, and $W(X)$ tends to infinity with $X$ arbitrarily slowly. This makes some initial progress on a recent question of Harper.},
  author       = {Pandey, Mayank and Wang, Victor and Xu, Max Wenqiang},
  issn         = {1944-7833},
  journal      = {Algebra & Number Theory},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {389--408},
  publisher    = {Mathematical Sciences Publishers},
  title        = {{Partial sums of typical multiplicative functions over short moving intervals}},
  doi          = {10.2140/ant.2024.18.389},
  volume       = {18},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17480,
  abstract     = {One of the most promising approaches towards large-scale quantum computation uses devices based on many Josephson junctions. Yet, even today, open questions regarding the single junction remain unsolved, such as the detailed understanding of the quantum phase transitions, the coupling of the Josephson junction to the environment or how to improve the coherence of a superconducting qubit. Here we design and build an engineered on-chip reservoir connected to a Josephson junction that acts as an efficient bolometer for detecting the Josephson radiation under non-equilibrium, that is, biased conditions. The bolometer converts the a.c. Josephson current at microwave frequencies up to about 100 GHz into a temperature rise measured by d.c. thermometry. A circuit model based on realistic parameter values captures both the current–voltage characteristics and the measured power quantitatively. The present experiment demonstrates an efficient, wide-band, thermal detection scheme of microwave photons and provides a sensitive detector of Josephson dynamics beyond the standard conductance measurements.},
  author       = {Karimi, Bayan and Steffensen, Gorm Ole and Higginbotham, Andrew P and Marcus, Charles M. and Levy Yeyati, Alfredo and Pekola, Jukka P.},
  issn         = {1748-3395},
  journal      = {Nature Nanotechnology},
  pages        = {1613--1618},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Bolometric detection of Josephson radiation}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41565-024-01770-7},
  volume       = {19},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17495,
  abstract     = {Rust is a modern systems programming language whose ownership-based type system statically guarantees memory safety, making it particularly well-suited to the domain of safety-critical systems. In recent years, a wellspring of automated deductive verification tools have emerged for establishing functional correctness of Rust code. However, none of the previous tools produce foundational proofs (machine-checkable in a general-purpose proof assistant), and all of them are restricted to the safe fragment of Rust. This is a problem because the vast majority of Rust programs make use of unsafe code at critical points, such as in the implementation of widely-used APIs. We propose RefinedRust, a refinement type system—proven sound in the Coq proof assistant—with the goal of establishing foundational semi-automated functional correctness verification of both safe and unsafe Rust code. We have developed a prototype verification tool implementing RefinedRust. Our tool translates Rust code (with user annotations) into a model of Rust embedded in Coq, and then checks its adherence to the RefinedRust type system using separation logic automation in Coq. All proofs generated by RefinedRust are checked by the Coq proof assistant, so the automation and type system do not have to be trusted. We evaluate the effectiveness of RefinedRust by verifying a variant of Rust’s Vec implementation that involves intricate reasoning about unsafe pointer-manipulating code.},
  author       = {Gäher, Lennard and Sammler, Michael Joachim and Jung, Ralf and Krebbers, Robbert and Dreyer, Derek},
  issn         = {2475-1421},
  journal      = {Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages},
  number       = {PLDI},
  pages        = {1115--1139},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{RefinedRust: A type system for high-assurance verification of rust programs}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3656422},
  volume       = {8},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17497,
  abstract     = {Over the past two decades, there has been a great deal of progress on verification of full functional correctness of programs using separation logic, sometimes even producing “foundational” proofs in proof assistants like Coq. Unfortunately, even though existing approaches to this problem provide significant support for automated verification, they still incur a significant specification overhead: the user must supply the specification against which the program is verified, and the specification may be long, complex, or tedious to formulate. In this paper, we introduce Quiver, the first technique for inferring functional correctness specifications in separation logic while simultaneously verifying foundationally that they are correct. To guide Quiver towards the final specification, we take hints from the user in the form of a specification sketch, and then complete the sketch using inference. To do so, Quiver introduces a new abductive deductive verification technique, which integrates ideas from abductive inference (for specification inference) together with deductive separation logic automation (for foundational verification). The result is that users have to provide some guidance, but significantly less than with traditional deductive verification techniques based on separation logic. We have evaluated Quiver on a range of case studies, including code from popular open-source libraries.},
  author       = {Spies, Simon and Gäher, Lennard and Sammler, Michael Joachim and Dreyer, Derek},
  issn         = {2475-1421},
  journal      = {Proceedings of the ACM on Programming Languages},
  number       = {PLDI},
  pages        = {889--913},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{Quiver: Guided abductive inference of separation logic specifications in coq}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3656413},
  volume       = {8},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17517,
  abstract     = {We present an analysis of NuSTAR X-ray observations of three active galactic nuclei (AGN) that were identified as candidate subparsec binary supermassive black hole (SMBH) systems in the Catalina Real-Time Transient Survey based on apparent periodicity in their optical light curves. Simulations predict that close-separation accreting SMBH binaries will have different X-ray spectra than single accreting SMBHs. We previously observed these AGN with Chandra and found no differences between their low-energy X-ray properties and the larger AGN population. However, some models predict differences to be more prominent at energies higher than probed by Chandra. We find that even at the higher energies probed by NuSTAR, the spectra of these AGN are indistinguishable from the larger AGN population. This could rule out models predicting large differences in the X-ray spectra in the NuSTAR bands. Alternatively, it might mean that these three AGN are not binary SMBHs.},
  author       = {Saade, M. Lynne and Brightman, Murray and Stern, Daniel and Connor, Thomas and Djorgovski, S. G. and D’Orazio, Daniel J. and Ford, K. E. S. and Graham, Matthew J. and Haiman, Zoltán and Jun, Hyunsung D. and Kammoun, Elias and Kraft, Ralph P. and McKernan, Barry and Vikhlinin, Alexei and Walton, Dominic J.},
  issn         = {0004-637X},
  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Astronomical Society},
  title        = {{NuSTAR observations of candidate subparsec binary supermassive black holes}},
  doi          = {10.3847/1538-4357/ad372e},
  volume       = {966},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17531,
  abstract     = {The astrophysical origin of stellar-mass black hole (BH) mergers discovered through gravitational waves (GWs) is widely debated. Mergers in the disks of active galactic nuclei (AGNs) represent promising environments for at least a fraction of these events, with possible observational clues in the GW data. An additional clue to unveil AGN merger environments is provided by possible electromagnetic emission from postmerger accreting BHs. Associated with BH mergers in AGN disks, emission from shocks emerging around jets launched by accreting merger remnants is expected. Here we compute the properties of the emission produced during breakout and the subsequent adiabatic expansion phase of the shocks, and we then apply this model to optical flares suggested to be possibly associated with GW events. We find that the majority of the reported flares can be explained by breakout and shock cooling emission. If the optical flares are produced by shock cooling emission, they would display moderate color evolution, possibly color variations among different events, and a positive correlation between delay time and flare duration and would be preceded by breakout emission in X-rays. If the breakout emission dominates the observed lightcurve, we predict the color to be distributed in a narrow range in the optical band and the delay time from GW to electromagnetic emission to be longer than ∼2 days. Hence, further explorations of delay time distributions, flare color evolution, and associated X-ray emission will be useful to test the proposed emission model for the observed flares.},
  author       = {Tagawa, Hiromichi and Kimura, Shigeo S and Haiman, Zoltán and Perna, Rosalba and Bartos, Imre},
  issn         = {0004-637X},
  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Astronomical Society},
  title        = {{Shock cooling and breakout emission for optical flares associated with gravitational-wave events}},
  doi          = {10.3847/1538-4357/ad2e0b},
  volume       = {966},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17535,
  abstract     = {Supermassive black holes (SMBHs) with masses of ∼109 M⊙ within the first billion year of the universe challenge our conventional understanding of black hole formation and growth. One pathway to these SMBHs proposes that supermassive stars born in pristine atomic cooling haloes yield massive seed BHs evolving to these early SMBHs. This scenario leads to an overly massive BH galaxy (OMBG), in which the BH to stellar mass ratio is initially Mbh/M* ≥ 1, well in excess of the typical values of ∼10−3 at low redshifts. Previously, we have investigated two massive seed BH candidates from the Renaissance simulation and found that they remain outliers on the Mbh–M* relation until the OMBG merges with a much more massive halo at z = 8. In this work, we use Monte-Carlo merger trees to investigate the evolution of the Mbh–M* relation for 50 000 protogalaxies hosting massive BH seeds, across 10 000 trees that merge into a 1012 M⊙ halo at z = 6. We find that up to 60 per cent (depending on growth parameters) of these OMBGs remain strong outliers for several 100 Myr, down to redshifts detectable with JWST and with sensitive X-ray telescopes. This represents a way to diagnose the massive-seed formation pathway for early SMBHs. We expect to find ∼0.1–1 of these objects per JWST Near Infrared Camera (NIRCam) field per unit redshift at z ≳ 6. Recently detected SMBHs with masses of ∼107 M⊙ and low-inferred stellar-mass hosts may be examples of this population.},
  author       = {Scoggins, Matthew T and Haiman, Zoltán},
  issn         = {0035-8711},
  journal      = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {4584--4597},
  publisher    = {Oxford University Press},
  title        = {{Diagnosing the massive-seed pathway to high-redshift black holes: statistics of the evolving black hole to host galaxy mass ratio}},
  doi          = {10.1093/mnras/stae1449},
  volume       = {531},
  year         = {2024},
}

@article{17545,
  abstract     = {Self-lensing flares (SLFs) are expected to be produced once or twice per orbit by an accreting massive black hole binary (MBHB), if the eclipsing MBHBs are observed close to edge-on. SLFs can provide valuable electromagnetic (EM) signatures to accompany the gravitational waves (GWs) detectable by the upcoming Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA). EM follow-ups are crucial for, e.g., sky-localization, and constraining the Hubble constant and the graviton mass. We use high-resolution two-dimensional viscous hydrodynamical simulations of a circumbinary disk (CBD) embedding a MBHB. We then use very high-cadence output of these hydrodynamical simulation inputs for a general-relativistic ray-tracing code to produce synthetic spectra and phase-folded light curves. Our main results show a significant periodic amplification of the flux with the characteristic shape of a sharp flare with a central dip, as the foreground black hole (BH) transits across the minidisk and shadow of the background BH, respectively. These corroborate previous conclusions based on the microlensing approximation and analytical toy models of the emission geometry. We also find that at lower inclinations, without some occlusion of the minidisk emission by the CBD, shocks from quasi-periodic mass-trading between the minidisks can produce bright flares which can mimic SLFs and could hinder their identification.},
  author       = {Krauth, Luke Major and Davelaar, Jordy and Haiman, Zoltán and Westernacher-Schneider, John Ryan and Zrake, Jonathan and MacFadyen, Andrew},
  issn         = {2470-0010},
  journal      = {Physical Review D},
  number       = {10},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society (APS)},
  title        = {{Self-lensing flares from black hole binaries: General-relativistic ray tracing of circumbinary accretion simulations}},
  doi          = {10.1103/physrevd.109.103014},
  volume       = {109},
  year         = {2024},
}