@article{19598, abstract = {We establish universal Gaussian fluctuations for the mesoscopic linear eigenvalue statistics in the vicinity of the cusp-like singularities of the limiting spectral density for Wigner-type random matrices. Prior to this work, the linear eigenvalue statistics at the cusp-like singularities were not studied in any ensemble. Our analysis covers not only the exact cusps but the entire transitionary regime from the square-root singularity at a regular edge through the sharp cusp to the bulk. We identify a new one-parameter family of functionals that govern the limiting bias and variance, continuously interpolating between the previously known formulas in the bulk and at a regular edge. Since cusps are the only possible singularities besides the regular edges, our result gives a complete description of the linear eigenvalue statistics in all regimes.}, author = {Riabov, Volodymyr}, issn = {1432-2064}, journal = {Probability Theory and Related Fields}, pages = {1183--1237}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Linear Eigenvalue statistics at the cusp}}, doi = {10.1007/s00440-025-01373-w}, volume = {193}, year = {2025}, } @article{19599, abstract = {Advances in nickel catalysis have significantly broadened the synthetic chemists’ toolbox, particularly through methodologies leveraging paramagnetic nickel species via photoredox catalysis or electrochemistry. Key to these reactions is the oxidation state modulation of nickel via single-electron transfer events. Recent mechanistic studies indicate that C(sp2)–heteroatom bond formations proceed through NiI/NiIII cycles. Related C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-couplings operate via the photocatalytic generation of C-centered radicals and a catalytic cycle that involves Ni0, NiI, and NiIII species. Here, we show that light-mediated nickel-catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp3) bond formations can be carried out without using exogenous photoredox catalysts but with a photoactive ligand. In a pursuit of expanding the scope of C(sp2)–heteroatom couplings using donor–acceptor ligands, we identified a photoactive nickel complex capable of catalyzing cross-couplings between aryl halides and benzyltrifluoroborate salts. Mechanistic investigations provide evidence that transmetalation between a photochemically generated NiI species and the organoboron compound is the key catalytic step in a NiI/NiIII catalytic cycle under these conditions.}, author = {Anghileri, Lucia and Baunis, Haralds and Bena, Aleksander and Giannoudis, Christos and Burke, John H. and Reischauer, Susanne and Merschjann, Christoph and Wallick, Rachel F. and Al Said, Tarek and Adams, Callum E and Simionato, Gianluca and Kovalenko, Sergey and Dell’Amico, Luca and Van Der Veen, Renske M. and Pieber, Bartholomäus}, issn = {1520-5126}, journal = {Journal of the American Chemical Society}, number = {16}, pages = {13169–13179}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, title = {{Evidence for a unifying NiI/NiIII mechanism in light-mediated cross-coupling catalysis}}, doi = {10.1021/jacs.4c16050}, volume = {147}, year = {2025}, } @inproceedings{19600, abstract = {In this work, we explore route discovery in private payment channel networks. We first determine what “ideal" privacy for a routing protocol means in this setting. We observe that protocols achieving this strong privacy definition exist by leveraging Multi-Party Computation but they are inherently inefficient as they must involve the entire network. We then present protocols with weaker privacy guarantees but much better efficiency (involving only a small fraction of the nodes). The core idea is that both sender and receiver gossip a message which propagates through the network, and the moment any node in the network receives both messages, a path is found. In our first protocol the message is always sent to all neighbouring nodes with a delay proportional to the fees of that edge. In our second protocol the message is only sent to one neighbour chosen randomly with a probability proportional to its degree. We additionally propose a more realistic notion of privacy in order to measure the privacy leakage of our protocols in practice. Our realistic notion of privacy challenges an adversary that join the network with a fixed budget to create channels to guess the sender and receiver of a transaction upon receiving messages from our protocols. Simulations of our protocols on the Lightning network topology (for random transactions and uniform fees) show that 1) forming edges with high degree nodes is a more effective attack strategy for the adversary, 2) there is a tradeoff between the number of nodes involved in our protocols (privacy) and the optimality of the discovered path, and 3) our protocols involve a very small fraction of the network on average.}, author = {Avarikioti, Zeta and Bastankhah, Mahsa and Maddah-Ali, Mohammad Ali and Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z and Svoboda, Jakub and Yeo, Michelle X}, booktitle = {Computer Security. ESORICS 2024 International Workshops}, isbn = {9783031823480}, issn = {1611-3349}, location = {Bydgoszcz, Poland}, pages = {207--223}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Route discovery in private payment channel networks}}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-82349-7_15}, volume = {15263}, year = {2025}, } @article{19601, abstract = {In land plants, the signalling molecule auxin profoundly controls growth and development, chiefly through a transcriptional response system. The auxin response is mediated by modulating the activity of DNA-binding auxin response factor (ARF) proteins. The concentrations and stoichiometry of the competing A- and B-class ARFs define cells’ capacity for auxin response. In the minimal auxin response system of the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha, both A- and B-ARFs are unstable, but the underlying mechanisms, developmental relevance and evolutionary history of this instability are unknown. Here we identify a minimal motif that is necessary for MpARF2 (B-class) degradation and show that it is critical for development and the auxin response. Through comparative analysis and motif swaps among all ARF classes in extant algae and land plants, we infer that the emergence of ARF instability probably occurred in the ancestor of the A- and B-ARF clades and, therefore, preceded or coincided with the origin of the auxin response system.}, author = {De Roij, Martijn and Hernández García, Jorge and Das, Shubhajit and Borst, Jan Willem and Weijers, Dolf}, issn = {2055-0278}, journal = {Nature Plants}, pages = {717--724}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{ARF degradation defines a deeply conserved step in auxin response}}, doi = {10.1038/s41477-025-01975-1}, volume = {11}, year = {2025}, } @article{19602, abstract = {N4-methylcytosine (4mC) is an important DNA modification in prokaryotes, but its relevance and even its presence in eukaryotes have been mysterious. Here we show that spermatogenesis in the liverwort Marchantia polymorpha involves two waves of extensive DNA methylation reprogramming. First, 5-methylcytosine (5mC) expands from transposons to the entire genome. Notably, the second wave installs 4mC throughout genic regions, covering over 50% of CG sites in sperm. 4mC requires a methyltransferase (MpDN4MT1a) that is specifically expressed during late spermiogenesis. Deletion of MpDN4MT1a alters the sperm transcriptome, causes sperm swimming and fertility defects, and impairs post-fertilization development. Our results reveal extensive 4mC in a eukaryote, identify a family of eukaryotic methyltransferases, and elucidate the biological functions of 4mC in reproductive development, thereby expanding the repertoire of functional eukaryotic DNA modifications.}, author = {Walker, James and Zhang, Jingyi and Liu, Yalin and Xu, Shujuan and Yu, Yiming and Vickers, Martin and Ouyang, Weizhi and Tálas, Judit and Dolan, Liam and Nakajima, Keiji and Feng, Xiaoqi}, issn = {1097-4172}, journal = {Cell}, number = {11}, pages = {2890--2906.e14}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Extensive N4 cytosine methylation is essential for Marchantia sperm function}}, doi = {10.1016/j.cell.2025.03.014}, volume = {188}, year = {2025}, } @article{19603, abstract = {MaxCut is a classical NP-complete problem and a crucial building block in many combinatorial algorithms. The famousEdwards-Erdös bound states that any connected graph on n vertices with m edges contains a cut of size at least m/2 + n−1/4 . Crowston, Jones and Mnich [Algorithmica, 2015] showed that the MaxCut problem on simple connected graphs admits an FPT algorithm, where the parameter k is the difference between the desired cut size c and the lower bound given by the Edwards-Erdös bound. This was later improved by Etscheid and Mnich [Algorithmica, 2017] to run in parameterized linear time, i.e., f (k) · O(m). We improve upon this result in two ways: Firstly, we extend the algorithm to work also for multigraphs (alternatively, graphs with positive integer weights). Secondly, we change the parameter; instead of the difference to the Edwards-Erdös bound, we use the difference to the Poljak-Turzík bound. The Poljak-Turzík bound states that any weighted graph G has a cut of weight at least w(G)/2 + wMSF (G)/4 , where w(G) denotes the total weight of G, and wMSF (G) denotes the weight of its minimum spanning forest. In connected simple graphs the two bounds are equivalent, but for multigraphs the Poljak-Turzík bound can be larger and thus yield a smaller parameter k. Our algorithm also runs in parameterized linear time, i.e., f (k) · O(m + n).}, author = {Lill, Jonas and Petrova, Kalina H and Weber, Simon}, issn = {1432-0541}, journal = {Algorithmica}, pages = {983--1007}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Linear-time MaxCut in multigraphs parameterized above the Poljak-Turzík bound}}, doi = {10.1007/s00453-025-01306-y}, volume = {87}, year = {2025}, } @article{19617, abstract = {In this article, we propose a method for generating single microwave photons in superconducting circuits. We theoretically show that pure single microwave photons can be generated on demand and tuned over a large frequency band by making use of Landau-Zener transitions under a rapid sweep of a control parameter. We devise a protocol that enables fast control of the frequency of the emitted photon over two octaves, without requiring extensive calibration. Additionally, we make theoretical estimates of the generation efficiency, tunability, purity, and linewidth of the photons emitted using this method for both charge- and flux-qubit-based architectures. We also provide estimates of the optimal device parameters required for these architectures to realize the device.}, author = {Hawaldar, Samarth and Khaire, Siddhi Satish and Delsing, Per and Suri, Baladitya}, issn = {2331-7019}, journal = {Physical Review Applied}, number = {4}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{On-demand single-microwave-photon source in a superconducting circuit with wideband frequency tunability}}, doi = {10.1103/physrevapplied.23.044042}, volume = {23}, year = {2025}, } @article{19621, abstract = {In this paper we obtain a complete description of all indecomposable characters (central positive-definite functions) of inductive limits of the symmetric groups under block diagonal embedding. As a corollary we obtain the full classification of the isomorphism classes of these inductive limits.}, author = {Nessonov, Nikolay and Ngo, Nhok T}, issn = {1088-4165}, journal = {Representation Theory}, number = {8}, pages = {256--288}, publisher = {American Mathematical Society}, title = {{Indecomposable characters of inductive limits of symmetric groups}}, doi = {10.1090/ert/689}, volume = {29}, year = {2025}, } @misc{19623, abstract = {Persistent revivals recently observed in Rydberg atom simulators have challenged our understanding of thermalization and attracted much interest to the concept of quantum many-body scars (QMBSs). QMBSs are non-thermal highly excited eigenstates that coexist with typical eigenstates in the spectrum of many-body Hamiltonians, and have since been reported in multiple theoretical models, including the so-called PXP model, approximately realized by Rydberg simulators. At the same time, questions of how common QMBSs are and in what models they are physically realized remain open. In this Letter, we demonstrate that QMBSs exist in a broader family of models that includes and generalizes PXP to longer-range constraints and states with different periodicity. We show that in each model, multiple QMBS families can be found. Each of them relies on a different approximate 𝔰𝔲⁡(2) algebra, leading to oscillatory dynamics in all cases. However, in contrast to the PXP model, their observation requires launching dynamics from weakly entangled initial states rather than from a product state. QMBSs reported here may be experimentally probed using Rydberg atom simulator in the regime of longer-range Rydberg blockades.}, author = {Desaules, Jean-Yves Marc}, keywords = {quantum many-body scars, non-equilibrium physics, Rydberg atoms}, publisher = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria}, title = {{Research Data for "Quantum Many-Body Scars beyond the PXP Model in Rydberg Simulators"}}, doi = {10.15479/AT:ISTA:19623}, year = {2025}, } @article{19625, abstract = {We introduce operator-valued twisted Araki–Woods algebras. These are operator-valued versions of a class of second quantization algebras that includes q-Gaussian and q-Araki–Woods algebras and also generalize Shlyakhtenko’s von Neumann algebras generated by operator-valued semicircular variables. We develop a disintegration theory that reduces the isomorphism type of operator-valued twisted Araki–Woods algebras over type I factors to the scalar-valued case. Moreover, these algebras come with a natural weight, and we characterize its modular theory. We also give sufficient criteria that guarantee the factoriality of these algebras.}, author = {Kumar, R. Rahul and Wirth, Melchior}, issn = {1432-0916}, journal = {Communications in Mathematical Physics}, number = {5}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Operator-valued twisted Araki–Woods algebras}}, doi = {10.1007/s00220-025-05285-7}, volume = {406}, year = {2025}, } @article{19626, abstract = {Active regulation of gene expression, orchestrated by complex interactions of activators and repressors at promoters, controls the fate of organisms. In contrast, basal expression at uninduced promoters is considered to be a dynamically inert mode of nonfunctional “promoter leakiness,” merely a byproduct of transcriptional regulation. Here, we investigate the basal expression mode of the mar operon, the main regulator of intrinsic multiple antibiotic resistance in Escherichia coli, and link its dynamic properties to the noncanonical, yet highly conserved start codon of marR across Enterobacteriaceae. Real-time, single-cell measurements across tens of generations reveal that basal expression consists of rare stochastic gene expression pulses, which maximize variability in wildtype and, surprisingly, transiently accelerate cellular elongation rates. Competition experiments show that basal expression confers fitness advantages to wildtype across several transitions between exponential and stationary growth by shortening lag times. The dynamically rich basal expression of the mar operon has likely been evolutionarily maintained for its role in growth homeostasis of Enterobacteria within the gut environment, thereby allowing other ancillary gene regulatory roles to evolve, e.g., control of costly-to-induce multidrug efflux pumps. Understanding the complex selection forces governing genetic systems involved in intrinsic multidrug resistance is crucial for effective public health measures.}, author = {Jain, Kirti and Hauschild, Robert and Bochkareva, Olga and Römhild, Roderich and Tkačik, Gašper and Guet, Calin C}, issn = {1091-6490}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, number = {15}, publisher = {National Academy of Sciences}, title = {{Pulsatile basal gene expression as a fitness determinant in bacteria}}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2413709122}, volume = {122}, year = {2025}, } @article{19627, abstract = {Differentially private gradient descent (DP-GD) is a popular algorithm to train deep learning models with provable guarantees on the privacy of the training data. In the last decade, the problem of understanding its performance cost with respect to standard GD has received remarkable attention from the research community, which formally derived upper bounds on the excess population risk RP in different learning settings. However, existing bounds typically degrade with over-parameterization, i.e., as the number of parameters p gets larger than the number of training samples n -- a regime which is ubiquitous in current deep-learning practice. As a result, the lack of theoretical insights leaves practitioners without clear guidance, leading some to reduce the effective number of trainable parameters to improve performance, while others use larger models to achieve better results through scale. In this work, we show that in the popular random features model with quadratic loss, for any sufficiently large p , privacy can be obtained for free, i.e., |RP|=o(1) , not only when the privacy parameter ε has constant order, but also in the strongly private setting ε=o(1) . This challenges the common wisdom that over-parameterization inherently hinders performance in private learning.}, author = {Bombari, Simone and Mondelli, Marco}, issn = {1091-6490}, journal = {Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences}, number = {15}, publisher = {National Academy of Sciences}, title = {{Privacy for free in the overparameterized regime}}, doi = {10.1073/pnas.2423072122}, volume = {122}, year = {2025}, } @article{19628, abstract = {We consider the critical temperature for superconductivity, defined via the linear BCS equation. We prove that at weak coupling the critical temperature for a sample confined to a quadrant in two dimensions is strictly larger than the one for a half-space, which in turn is strictly larger than the one for R^2. Furthermore, we prove that the relative difference of the critical temperatures vanishes in the weak coupling limit.}, author = {Roos, Barbara and Seiringer, Robert}, issn = {2050-5094}, journal = {Forum of Mathematics, Sigma}, publisher = {Cambridge University Press}, title = {{Enhanced superconductivity at a corner for the linear BCS equation}}, doi = {10.1017/fms.2024.145}, volume = {13}, year = {2025}, } @article{19629, abstract = {The SiOx anode exhibits a high specific capacity and commendable durability for lithium-ion batteries (LIBs). However, its practical application is hindered by significant volumetric fluctuations during lithiation/delithiation, alongside a metastable nature, which induces mechanical instability and irreversible lithium consumption, ultimately impairing long-term capacity retention in full-battery cell configurations. In this study, we present a phase-engineering approach designed to improve the structural stability of SiOx anodes for LIB applications. By incorporating lithium fluoride, amorphous SiOx undergoes partial transformation into a quartz-like phase, which enhances mechanical integrity and mitigates irreversible lithium loss. This modified anode demonstrates significantly improved stability and prolonged cycle lifespan. Through a combination of multiscale simulations and in situ characterizations, we elucidate the stabilization mechanisms conferred by the quartz phase, providing critical insights into the role of SiOx’s crystal structure in influencing degradation pathways. This work introduces an accessible and efficient method for controlling the crystallinity of SiOx, offering a practical solution to enhance the durability of high-energy-density LIBs.}, author = {Li, Jing and Zeng, Guifang and Horta, Sharona and Martínez-Alanis, Paulina R. and Jacas Biendicho, Jordi and Ibáñez, Maria and Xu, Bingang and Ci, Lijie and Cabot, Andreu and Sun, Qing}, issn = {1936-086X}, journal = {ACS Nano}, number = {16}, pages = {16096--16109}, publisher = {American Chemical Society}, title = {{Crystallographic engineering in micron-sized SiOx anode material toward stable high-energy-density Lithium-Ion batteries}}, doi = {10.1021/acsnano.5c03074}, volume = {19}, year = {2025}, } @phdthesis{19630, abstract = {This thesis consists of three chapters, each corresponding to one publication. While each of these projects tackles a topic in a different area of research, they all share a common thread in the type of topological structure they handle - a partition of space into volumes separated by interfaces that meet in non-manifold junctions. In Chapter 2, we study clusters of soap bubbles from a simulation perspective. In particular, we develop a surface-only algorithm that couples large scale motion and shape deformation of soap bubble clusters with the small scale evolution of the thin film's thickness, which is responsible for visual phenomena like surface vortices, Newton's interference patterns, capillary waves, and deformation-dependent rupturing of films in a foam. We model film thickness as a reduced degree of freedom in the Navier-Stokes equations and from them derive three sets of equations governing normal and tangential motion of the soap film surface, as well as the evolution of the thin film thickness. We discretize these equations on a non-manifold triangle mesh, extending and adapting operators to handle complex topology. We also present an incompressible fluid solver for 2.5D films and an advection algorithm for convecting fields across non-manifold surface junctions. Our simulations enhance bubble solvers with additional effects caused by convection, rippling, draining, and evaporation of the thin film. In Chapter 3, we introduce a multi-material non-manifold mesh-based surface tracking algorithm that converts mesh defects, such as overlaps, self-intersections, and inversions into topological changes. Our algorithm generalizes prior work on manifold surface tracking with topological changes: it preserves surface features like mesh-based methods, and it robustly handles topological changes like level set methods. Our method also offers improved efficiency and robustness over the state of the art. We demonstrate the effectiveness of the approach on a range of examples, including complex soap film simulations, such as those presented in Chapter 2, but with an order of magnitude more interacting bubbles than what we could achieve before, and Boolean unions of non-manifold meshes consisting of millions of triangles. Lastly, in Chapter 4, we utilize developments in the theory of random geometric complexes facilitated by observations from Discrete Morse theory. We survey the methods and results obtained with this new approach, and discuss some of its shortcomings. We use simulations to illustrate the results and to form conjectures, getting numerical estimates for combinatorial, topological, and geometric properties of weighted and unweighted Delaunay mosaics, their dual Voronoi tessellations, and the Alpha and Wrap complexes contained in the mosaics.}, author = {Synak, Peter}, issn = {2663-337X}, pages = {106}, publisher = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria}, title = {{Methods for fluid simulation, surface tracking, and statistics of non-manifold structures}}, doi = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-19630}, year = {2025}, } @article{19636, abstract = {This summary of the second Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry (TVLBAI) Workshop provides a comprehensive overview of our meeting held in London in April 2024 (Second Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry Workshop, Imperial College, April 2024), building on the initial discussions during the inaugural workshop held at CERN in March 2023 (First Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry Workshop, CERN, March 2023). Like the summary of the first workshop (Abend et al. in AVS Quantum Sci. 6:024701, 2024), this document records a critical milestone for the international atom interferometry community. It documents our concerted efforts to evaluate progress, address emerging challenges, and refine strategic directions for future large-scale atom interferometry projects. Our commitment to collaboration is manifested by the integration of diverse expertise and the coordination of international resources, all aimed at advancing the frontiers of atom interferometry physics and technology, as set out in a Memorandum of Understanding signed by over 50 institutions (Memorandum of Understanding for the Terrestrial Very Long Baseline Atom Interferometer Study).}, author = {Abdalla, Adam and Abe, Mahiro and Abend, Sven and Abidi, Mouine and Aidelsburger, Monika and Alibabaei, Ashkan and Allard, Baptiste and Antoniadis, John and Arduini, Gianluigi and Augst, Nadja and Balamatsias, Philippos and Balaž, Antun and Banks, Hannah and Barcklay, Rachel L. and Barone, Michele and Barsanti, Michele and Bason, Mark G. and Bassi, Angelo and Bayle, Jean Baptiste and Baynham, Charles F.A. and Beaufils, Quentin and Beldjoudi, Sélyan and Belić, Aleksandar and Bennetts, Shayne and Bernabeu, Jose and Bertoldi, Andrea and Bigard, Clara and Bigelow, N. P. and Bingham, Robert and Blas, Diego and Bobrick, Alexey and Boehringer, Samuel and Bogojević, Aleksandar and Bongs, Kai and Bortoletto, Daniela and Bouyer, Philippe and Brand, Christian and Buchmueller, Oliver and Buica, Gabriela and Calatroni, Sergio and Calmels, Léo and Canizares, Priscilla and Canuel, Benjamin and Caramete, Ana and Caramete, Laurentiu Ioan and Carlesso, Matteo and Carlton, John and Carman, Samuel P. and Carroll, Andrew and Casariego, Mateo and Chairetis, Minoas and Charmandaris, Vassilis and Chauhan, Upasna and Chen, Jiajun and Chiofalo, Maria Luisa Maria Luisa Marilù and Ciampini, Donatella and Cimbri, Alessia and Cladé, Pierre and Coleman, Jonathon and Constantin, Florin Lucian and Contaldi, Carlo R. and Corgier, Robin and Dash, Bineet and Davies, G. J. and De Rham, Claudia and De Roeck, Albert and Derr, Daniel and Dey, Soumyodeep and Di Pumpo, Fabio and Djordjevic, Goran S. and Döbrich, Babette and Dornan, Peter and Doser, Michael and Drougakis, Giannis and Dunningham, Jacob and Duspayev, Alisher and Easo, Sajan and Eby, Joshua and Efremov, Maxim and Elertas, Gedminas and Ellis, John and Entin, Nicholas and Fairhurst, Stephen and Fanì, Mattia and Fassi, Farida and Fayet, Pierre and Felea, Daniel and Feng, Jie and Flack, Robert and Foot, Chris and Freegarde, Tim and Fuchs, Elina and Gaaloul, Naceur and Gao, Dongfeng and Gardner, Susan and Garraway, Barry M. and Garrido Alzar, Carlos L. and Gauguet, Alexandre and Giese, Enno and Gill, Patrick and Giudice, Gian F. and Glasbrenner, Eric P. and Glick, Jonah and Graham, Peter W. and Granados, Eduardo and Griffin, Paul F. and Gué, Jordan and Guellati-Khelifa, Saïda and Gupta, Subhadeep and Gupta, Vishu and Hackermueller, Lucia and Haehnelt, Martin and Hakulinen, Timo and Hammerer, Klemens and Hanımeli, Ekim T. and Harte, Tiffany and Hartmann, Sabrina and Hawkins, Leonie and Hees, Aurelien and Herbst, Alexander and Hird, Thomas M. and Hobson, Richard and Hogan, Jason and Holst, Bodil and Holynski, Michael and Hosten, Onur and Hsu, Chung Chuan and Huang, Wayne Cheng Wei and Hughes, Kenneth M. and Hussain, Kamran and Hütsi, Gert and Iovino, Antonio and Isfan, Maria Catalina and Janson, Gregor and Jeglič, Peter and Jetzer, Philippe and Jiang, Yijun and Juzeliūnas, Gediminas and Kaenders, Wilhelm and Kalliokoski, Matti and Kehagias, Alex and Kilian, Eva and Klempt, Carsten and Knight, Peter and Koley, Soumen and Konrad, Bernd and Kovachy, Tim and Krutzik, Markus and Kumar, Mukesh and Kumar, Pradeep and Labiad, Hamza and Lan, Shau Yu and Landragin, Arnaud and Landsberg, Greg and Langlois, Mehdi and Lanigan, Bryony and Leone, Bruno and Le Poncin-Lafitte, Christophe and Lellouch, Samuel and Lewicki, Marek and Lien, Yu Hung and Lombriser, Lucas and Asamar, Elias Lopez and Lopez-Gonzalez, J. Luis and Lu, Chen and Luciano, Giuseppe Gaetano and Lundblad, Nathan and De J. López Monjaraz, Cristian and Lowe, Adam and Mackoit-Sinkevičienė, Mažena and Maggiore, Michele and Majumdar, Anirban and Makris, Konstantinos and Maleknejad, Azadeh and Marchant, Anna L. and Mariotti, Agnese and Markou, Christos and Matthews, Barnaby and Mazumdar, Anupam and Mccabe, Christopher and Meister, Matthias and Mentasti, Giorgio and Menu, Jonathan and Messineo, Giuseppe and Meyer-Hoppe, Bernd and Micalizio, Salvatore and Migliaccio, Federica and Millington, Peter and Milosevic, Milan and Mishra, Abhay and Mitchell, Jeremiah and Morley, Gavin W. and Mouelle, Noam and Müller, Jürgen and Newbold, David and Ni, Wei Tou and Niehof, Christian and Noller, Johannes and Odžak, Senad and Oi, Daniel K.L. and Oikonomou, Andreas and Omar, Yasser and Overstreet, Chris and Puthiya Veettil, Vishnupriya and Pahl, Julia and Paling, Sean and Pan, Zhongyin and Pappas, George and Pareek, Vinay and Pasatembou, Elizabeth and Paternostro, Mauro and Pathak, Vishal K. and Pelucchi, Emanuele and Pereira Dos Santos, Franck and Peters, Achim and Pichery, Annie and Pikovski, Igor and Pilaftsis, Apostolos and Pislan, Florentina Crenguta and Plunkett, Robert and Poggiani, Rosa and Prevedelli, Marco and Rafelski, Johann and Raidal, Juhan and Raidal, Martti and Rasel, Ernst Maria and Renaux-Petel, Sébastien and Richaud, Andrea and Rivero-Antunez, Pedro and Rodzinka, Tangui and Roura, Albert and Rudolph, Jan and Sabulsky, Dylan and Safronova, Marianna S. and Sakellariadou, Mairi and Salvi, Leonardo and Sameed, Muhammed and Sarkar, Sumit and Schach, Patrik and Schäffer, Stefan Alaric and Schelfhout, Jesse and Schilling, Manuel and Schkolnik, Vladimir and Schleich, Wolfgang P. and Schlippert, Dennis and Schneider, Ulrich and Schreck, Florian and Schwartzman, Ariel and Schwersenz, Nico and Sergijenko, Olga and Sfar, Haifa Rejeb and Shao, Lijing and Shipsey, Ian and Shu, Jing and Singh, Yeshpal and Sopuerta, Carlos F. and Sorba, Marianna and Sorrentino, Fiodor and Spallicci, Alessandro D.A.M. and Stefanescu, Petruta and Stergioulas, Nikolaos and Stoerk, Daniel and Thaivalappil Sunilkumar, Hrudya and Ströhle, Jannik and Tam, Zoie and Tandon, Dhruv and Tang, Yijun and Tell, Dorothee and Tempere, Jacques and Temples, Dylan J. and Thampy, Rohit P. and Tietje, Ingmari C. and Tino, Guglielmo M. and Tinsley, Jonathan N. and Tintareanu Mircea, Ovidiu and Tkalčec, Kimberly and Tolley, Andrew J. and Tornatore, Vincenza and Torres-Orjuela, Alejandro and Treutlein, Philipp and Trombettoni, Andrea and Ufrecht, Christian and Urrutia, Juan and Valenzuela, Tristan and Valerio, Linda R. and Van Der Grinten, Maurits and Vaskonen, Ville and Vázquez-Aceves, Verónica and Veermäe, Hardi and Vetrano, Flavio and Vitanov, Nikolay V. and Von Klitzing, Wolf and Wald, Sebastian and Walker, Thomas and Walser, Reinhold and Wang, Jin and Wang, Yan and Weidner, C. A. and Wenzlawski, André and Werner, Michael and Wörner, Lisa and Yahia, Mohamed E. and Yazgan, Efe and Zambrini Cruzeiro, Emmanuel and Zarei, M. and Zhan, Mingsheng and Zhang, Shengnan and Zhou, Lin and Zupanič, Erik}, issn = {2196-0763}, journal = {EPJ Quantum Technology}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Terrestrial Very-Long-Baseline Atom Interferometry: Summary of the second workshop}}, doi = {10.1140/epjqt/s40507-025-00344-3}, volume = {12}, year = {2025}, } @article{19637, abstract = {PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars) is ESA’s M3 mission designed to detect and characterise extrasolar planets and perform asteroseismic monitoring of a large number of stars. PLATO will detect small planets (down to <2R Earth) around bright stars (<11 mag), including terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-like stars. With the complement of radial velocity observations from the ground, planets will be characterised for their radius, mass, and age with high accuracy (5%, 10%, 10% for an Earth-Sun combination respectively). PLATO will provide us with a large-scale catalogue of well-characterised small planets up to intermediate orbital periods, relevant for a meaningful comparison to planet formation theories and to better understand planet evolution. It will make possible comparative exoplanetology to place our Solar System planets in a broader context. In parallel, PLATO will study (host) stars using asteroseismology, allowing us to determine the stellar properties with high accuracy, substantially enhancing our knowledge of stellar structure and evolution. The payload instrument consists of 26 cameras with 12cm aperture each. For at least four years, the mission will perform high-precision photometric measurements. Here we review the science objectives, present PLATO‘s target samples and fields, provide an overview of expected core science performance as well as a description of the instrument and the mission profile towards the end of the serial production of the flight cameras. PLATO is scheduled for a launch date end 2026. This overview therefore provides a summary of the mission to the community in preparation of the upcoming operational phases.}, author = {Rauer, Heike and Aerts, Conny and Cabrera, Juan and Deleuil, Magali and Erikson, Anders and Gizon, Laurent and Goupil, Mariejo and Heras, Ana and Walloschek, Thomas and Lorenzo-Alvarez, Jose and Marliani, Filippo and Martin-Garcia, César and Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel and O’Rourke, Laurence and Osborn, Hugh and Pagano, Isabella and Piotto, Giampaolo and Pollacco, Don and Ragazzoni, Roberto and Ramsay, Gavin and Udry, Stéphane and Appourchaux, Thierry and Benz, Willy and Brandeker, Alexis and Güdel, Manuel and Janot-Pacheco, Eduardo and Kabath, Petr and Kjeldsen, Hans and Min, Michiel and Santos, Nuno and Smith, Alan and Suarez, Juan Carlos and Werner, Stephanie C. and Aboudan, Alessio and Abreu, Manuel and Acuña, Lorena and Adams, Moritz and Adibekyan, Vardan and Affer, Laura and Agneray, François and Agnor, Craig and Aguirre Børsen-Koch, Victor and Ahmed, Saad and Aigrain, Suzanne and Al-Bahlawan, Ashraf and Alcacera Gil, Ma De Los Angeles and Alei, Eleonora and Alencar, Silvia and Alexander, Richard and Alfonso-Garzón, Julia and Alibert, Yann and Allende Prieto, Carlos and Almeida, Leonardo and Alonso Sobrino, Roi and Altavilla, Giuseppe and Althaus, Christian and Alvarez Trujillo, Luis Alonso and Amarsi, Anish and Ammler-Von Eiff, Matthias and Amôres, Eduardo and Andrade, Laerte and Antoniadis-Karnavas, Alexandros and António, Carlos and Aparicio Del Moral, Beatriz and Appolloni, Matteo and Arena, Claudio and Armstrong, David and Aroca Aliaga, Jose and Asplund, Martin and Audenaert, Jeroen and Auricchio, Natalia and Avelino, Pedro and Baeke, Ann and Baillié, Kevin and Balado, Ana and Ballber Balagueró, Pau and Balestra, Andrea and Ball, Warrick and Ballans, Herve and Ballot, Jerome and Barban, Caroline and Barbary, Gaële and Barbieri, Mauro and Barceló Forteza, Sebastià and Barker, Adrian and Barklem, Paul and Barnes, Sydney and Barrado Navascues, David and Barragan, Oscar and Baruteau, Clément and Basu, Sarbani and Baudin, Frederic and Baumeister, Philipp and Bayliss, Daniel and Bazot, Michael and Beck, Paul G. and Belkacem, Kevin and Bellinger, Earl and Benatti, Serena and Benomar, Othman and Bérard, Diane and Bergemann, Maria and Bergomi, Maria and Bernardo, Pierre and Biazzo, Katia and Bignamini, Andrea and Bigot, Lionel and Billot, Nicolas and Binet, Martin and Biondi, David and Biondi, Federico and Birch, Aaron C. and Bitsch, Bertram and Bluhm Ceballos, Paz Victoria and Bódi, Attila and Bognár, Zsófia and Boisse, Isabelle and Bolmont, Emeline and Bonanno, Alfio and Bonavita, Mariangela and Bonfanti, Andrea and Bonfils, Xavier and Bonito, Rosaria and Bonomo, Aldo Stefano and Börner, Anko and Boro Saikia, Sudeshna and Borreguero Martín, Elisa and Borsa, Francesco and Borsato, Luca and Bossini, Diego and Bouchy, Francois and Boué, Gwenaël and Boufleur, Rodrigo and Boumier, Patrick and Bourrier, Vincent and Bowman, Dominic M. and Bozzo, Enrico and Bradley, Louisa and Bray, John and Bressan, Alessandro and Breton, Sylvain and Brienza, Daniele and Brito, Ana and Brogi, Matteo and Brown, Beverly and Brown, David J.A. and Brun, Allan Sacha and Bruno, Giovanni and Bruns, Michael and Buchhave, Lars A. and Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle and Buldgen, Gaël and Burgess, Patrick and Busatta, Andrea and Busso, Giorgia and Buzasi, Derek and Caballero, José A. and Cabral, Alexandre and Cabrero Gomez, Juan Francisco and Calderone, Flavia and Cameron, Robert and Cameron, Andrew and Campante, Tiago and Campos Gestal, Néstor and Canto Martins, Bruno Leonardo and Cara, Christophe and Carone, Ludmila and Carrasco, Josep Manel and Casagrande, Luca and Casewell, Sarah L. and Cassisi, Santi and Castellani, Marco and Castro, Matthieu and Catala, Claude and Catalán Fernández, Irene and Catelan, Márcio and Cegla, Heather and Cerruti, Chiara and Cessa, Virginie and Chadid, Merieme and Chaplin, William and Charpinet, Stephane and Chiappini, Cristina and Chiarucci, Simone and Chiavassa, Andrea and Chinellato, Simonetta and Chirulli, Giovanni and Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen and Church, Ross and Claret, Antonio and Clarke, Cathie and Claudi, Riccardo and Clermont, Lionel and Coelho, Hugo and Coelho, Joao and Cogato, Fabrizio and Colomé, Josep and Condamin, Mathieu and Conde García, Fernando and Conseil, Simon and Corbard, Thierry and Correia, Alexandre C.M. and Corsaro, Enrico and Cosentino, Rosario and Costes, Jean and Cottinelli, Andrea and Covone, Giovanni and Creevey, Orlagh L. and Crida, Aurelien and Csizmadia, Szilard and Cunha, Margarida and Curry, Patrick and Da Costa, Jefferson and Da Silva, Francys and Dalal, Shweta and Damasso, Mario and Damiani, Cilia and Damiani, Francesco and Das Chagas, Maria Liduina and Davies, Melvyn and Davies, Guy and Davies, Ben and Davison, Gary and De Almeida, Leandro and De Angeli, Francesca and De Barros, Susana Cristina Cabral and De Castroleão, Izan and De Freitas, Daniel Brito and De Freitas, Marcia Cristina and De Martino, Domitilla and De Medeiros, José Renan and De Paula, Luiz Alberto and De Pedraza Gómez, Álvaro and De Plaa, Jelle and De Ridder, Joris and Deal, Morgan and Decin, Leen and Deeg, Hans and Degl’Innocenti, Scilla and Deheuvels, Sebastien and Del Burgo, Carlos and Del Sordo, Fabio and Delgado-Mena, Elisa and Demangeon, Olivier and Denk, Tilmann and Derekas, Aliz and Desert, Jean Michel and Desidera, Silvano and Dexet, Marc and Di Criscienzo, Marcella and Di Giorgio, Anna Maria and Di Mauro, Maria Pia and Diaz Rial, Federico Jose and Díaz-García, José Javier and Dima, Marco and Dinuzzi, Giacomo and Dionatos, Odysseas and Distefano, Elisa and Do Nascimento, Jose Dias and Domingo, Albert and D’Orazi, Valentina and Dorn, Caroline and Doyle, Lauren and Duarte, Elena and Ducellier, Florent and Dumaye, Luc and Dumusque, Xavier and Dupret, Marc Antoine and Eggenberger, Patrick and Ehrenreich, David and Eigmüller, Philipp and Eising, Johannes and Emilio, Marcelo and Eriksson, Kjell and Ermocida, Marco and Escate Giribaldi, Riano Isidoro and Eschen, Yoshi and Espinosa Yáñez, Lucía and Estrela, Inês and Evans, Dafydd Wyn and Fabbian, Damian and Fabrizio, Michele and Faria, João Pedro and Farina, Maria and Farinato, Jacopo and Feliz, Dax and Feltzing, Sofia and Fenouillet, Thomas and Fernández, Miguel and Ferrari, Lorenza and Ferraz-Mello, Sylvio and Fialho, Fabio and Fienga, Agnes and Figueira, Pedro and Fiori, Laura and Flaccomio, Ettore and Focardi, Mauro and Foley, Steve and Fontignie, Jean and Ford, Dominic and Fornazier, Karin and Forveille, Thierry and Fossati, Luca and Franca, Rodrigo De Marca and Franco Da Silva, Lucas and Frasca, Antonio and Fridlund, Malcolm and Furlan, Marco and Gabler, Sarah Maria and Gaido, Marco and Gallagher, Andrew and Gallego Sempere, Paloma I. and Galli, Emanuele and García, Rafael A. and García Hernández, Antonio and Garcia Munoz, Antonio and García-Vázquez, Hugo and Garrido Haba, Rafael and Gaulme, Patrick and Gauthier, Nicolas and Gehan, Charlotte and Gent, Matthew and Georgieva, Iskra and Ghigo, Mauro and Giana, Edoardo and Gill, Samuel and Girardi, Leo and Giuliatti Winter, Silvia and Giusi, Giovanni and Gomes Da Silva, João and Gómez Zazo, Luis Jorge and Gomez-Lopez, Juan Manuel and González Hernández, Jonay Isai and Gonzalez Murillo, Kevin and Gonzalo Melchor, Alejandro and Gorius, Nicolas and Gouel, Pierre Vincent and Goulty, Duncan and Granata, Valentina and Grenfell, John Lee and Grießbach, Denis and Grolleau, Emmanuel and Grouffal, Salomé and Grziwa, Sascha and Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe and Gueguen, Loïc and Guenther, Eike Wolf and Guilhem, Terrasa and Guillerot, Lucas and Guillot, Tristan and Guiot, Pierre and Guterman, Pascal and Gutiérrez, Antonio and Gutiérrez-Canales, Fernando and Hagelberg, Janis and Haldemann, Jonas and Hall, Cassandra and Handberg, Rasmus and Harrison, Ian and Harrison, Diana L. and Hasiba, Johann and Haswell, Carole A. and Hatalova, Petra and Hatzes, Artie and Haywood, Raphaelle and Hébrard, Guillaume and Heckes, Frank and Heiter, Ulrike and Hekker, Saskia and Heller, René and Helling, Christiane and Helminiak, Krzysztof and Hemsley, Simon and Heng, Kevin and Herbst, Konstantin and Hermans, Aline and Hermes, J. J. and Hidalgo Torres, Nadia and Hinkel, Natalie and Hobbs, David and Hodgkin, Simon and Hofmann, Karl and Hojjatpanah, Saeed and Houdek, Günter and Huber, Daniel and Huesler, Joseph and Hui-Bon-Hoa, Alain and Huygen, Rik and Huynh, Duc Dat and Iro, Nicolas and Irwin, Jonathan and Irwin, Mike and Izidoro, André and Jacquinod, Sophie and Jannsen, Nicholas Emborg and Janson, Markus and Jeszenszky, Harald and Jiang, Chen and Jimenez Mancebo, Antonio José and Jofre, Paula and Johansen, Anders and Johnston, Cole and Jones, Geraint and Kallinger, Thomas and Kálmán, Szilárd and Kanitz, Thomas and Karjalainen, Marie and Karjalainen, Raine and Karoff, Christoffer and Kawaler, Steven and Kawata, Daisuke and Keereman, Arnoud and Keiderling, David and Kennedy, Tom and Kenworthy, Matthew and Kerschbaum, Franz and Kidger, Mark and Kiefer, Flavien and Kintziger, Christian and Kislyakova, Kristina and Kiss, László and Klagyivik, Peter and Klahr, Hubert and Klevas, Jonas and Kochukhov, Oleg and Köhler, Ulrich and Kolb, Ulrich and Koncz, Alexander and Korth, Judith and Kostogryz, Nadiia and Kovács, Gábor and Kovács, József and Kozhura, Oleg and Krivova, Natalie and Kuĉinskas, Arūnas and Kuhlemann, Ilyas and Kupka, Friedrich and Laauwen, Wouter and Labiano, Alvaro and Lagarde, Nadege and Laget, Philippe and Laky, Gunter and Lam, Kristine Wai Fun and Lambrechts, Michiel and Lammer, Helmut and Lanza, Antonino Francesco and Lanzafame, Alessandro and Lares Martiz, Mariel and Laskar, Jacques and Latter, Henrik and Lavanant, Tony and Lawrenson, Alastair and Lazzoni, Cecilia and Lebre, Agnes and Lebreton, Yveline and Lecavelier Des Etangs, Alain and Lee, Katherine and Leinhardt, Zoe and Leleu, Adrien and Lendl, Monika and Leto, Giuseppe and Levillain, Yves and Libert, Anne Sophie and Lichtenberg, Tim and Ligi, Roxanne and Lignieres, Francois and Lillo-Box, Jorge and Linsky, Jeffrey and Liu, John Scige and Loidolt, Dominik and Longval, Yuying and Lopes, Ilídio and Lorenzani, Andrea and Ludwig, Hans Guenter and Lund, Mikkel and Lundkvist, Mia Sloth and Luri, Xavier and Maceroni, Carla and Madden, Sean and Madhusudhan, Nikku and Maggio, Antonio and Magliano, Christian and Magrin, Demetrio and Mahy, Laurent and Maibaum, Olaf and Malac-Allain, Lee Roy and Malapert, Jean Christophe and Malavolta, Luca and Maldonado, Jesus and Mamonova, Elena and Manchon, Louis and Manjón, Andres and Mann, Andrew and Mantovan, Giacomo and Marafatto, Luca and Marconi, Marcella and Mardling, Rosemary and Marigo, Paola and Marinoni, Silvia and Marques, Rico and Marques, Joao Pedro and Marrese, Paola Maria and Marshall, Douglas and Martínez Perales, Silvia and Mary, David and Marzari, Francesco and Masana, Eduard and Mascher, Andrina and Mathis, Stéphane and Mathur, Savita and Martín Vodopivec, Iris and Mattiuci Figueiredo, Ana Carolina and Maxted, Pierre F.L. and Mazeh, Tsevi and Mazevet, Stephane and Mazzei, Francesco and Mccormac, James and Mcmillan, Paul and Menou, Lucas and Merle, Thibault and Meru, Farzana and Mesa, Dino and Messina, Sergio and Mészáros, Szabolcs and Meunier, Nadége and Meunier, Jean Charles and Micela, Giuseppina and Michaelis, Harald and Michel, Eric and Michielsen, Mathias and Michtchenko, Tatiana and Miglio, Andrea and Miguel, Yamila and Milligan, David and Mirouh, Giovanni and Mitchell, Morgan and Moedas, Nuno and Molendini, Francesca and Molnár, László and Mombarg, Joey and Montalban, Josefina and Montalto, Marco and Monteiro, Mário J.P.F.G. and Montoro Sánchez, Francisco and Morales, Juan Carlos and Morales-Calderon, Maria and Morbidelli, Alessandro and Mordasini, Christoph and Moreau, Chrystel and Morel, Thierry and Morello, Giuseppe and Morin, Julien and Mortier, Annelies and Mosser, Benoît and Mourard, Denis and Mousis, Olivier and Moutou, Claire and Mowlavi, Nami and Moya, Andrés and Muehlmann, Prisca and Muirhead, Philip and Munari, Matteo and Musella, Ilaria and Mustill, Alexander James and Nardetto, Nicolas and Nardiello, Domenico and Narita, Norio and Nascimbeni, Valerio and Nash, Anna and Neiner, Coralie and Nelson, Richard P. and Nettelmann, Nadine and Nicolini, Gianalfredo and Nielsen, Martin and Niemi, Sami Matias and Noack, Lena and Noels-Grotsch, Arlette and Noll, Anthony and Norazman, Azib and Norton, Andrew J. and Nsamba, Benard and Ofir, Aviv and Ogilvie, Gordon and Olander, Terese and Olivetto, Christian and Olofsson, Göran and Ong, Joel and Ortolani, Sergio and Oshagh, Mahmoudreza and Ottacher, Harald and Ottensamer, Roland and Ouazzani, Rhita Maria and Paardekooper, Sijme Jan and Pace, Emanuele and Pajas, Miriam and Palacios, Ana and Palandri, Gaelle and Palle, Enric and Paproth, Carsten and Parro, Vanderlei and Parviainen, Hannu and Pascual Granado, Javier and Passegger, Vera Maria and Pastor-Morales, Carmen and Pätzold, Martin and Pedersen, May Gade and Pena Hidalgo, David and Pepe, Francesco and Pereira, Filipe and Persson, Carina M. and Pertenais, Martin and Peter, Gisbert and Petit, Antoine C. and Petit, Pascal and Pezzuto, Stefania and Pichierri, Gabriele and Pietrinferni, Adriano and Pinheiro, Fernando and Pinsonneault, Marc and Plachy, Emese and Plasson, Philippe and Plez, Bertrand and Poppenhaeger, Katja and Poretti, Ennio and Portaluri, Elisa and Portell, Jordi and Porto De Mello, Gustavo Frederico and Poyatos, Julien and Pozuelos, Francisco J. and Prada Moroni, Pier Giorgio and Pricopi, Dumitru and Prisinzano, Loredana and Quade, Matthias and Quirrenbach, Andreas and Rabanal Reina, Julio Arturo and Rabello Soares, Maria Cristina and Raimondo, Gabriella and Rainer, Monica and Ramón Rodón, Jose and Ramón-Ballesta, Alejandro and Ramos Zapata, Gonzalo and Rätz, Stefanie and Rauterberg, Christoph and Redman, Bob and Redmer, Ronald and Reese, Daniel and Regibo, Sara and Reiners, Ansgar and Reinhold, Timo and Renie, Christian and Ribas, Ignasi and Ribeiro, Sergio and Ricciardi, Thiago Pereira and Rice, Ken and Richard, Olivier and Riello, Marco and Rieutord, Michel and Ripepi, Vincenzo and Rixon, Guy and Rockstein, Steve and Rodón Ortiz, José Ramón and Rodrigo Rodríguez, María Teresa and Rodríguez Amor, Alberto and Rodríguez Díaz, Luisa Fernanda and Rodriguez Garcia, Juan Pablo and Rodriguez-Gomez, Julio and Roehlly, Yannick and Roig, Fernando and Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara and Rolf, Tobias and Rørsted, Jakob Lysgaard and Rosado, Hugo and Rosotti, Giovanni and Roth, Olivier and Roth, Markus and Rousseau, Alex and Roxburgh, Ian and Roy, Fabrice and Royer, Pierre and Ruane, Kirk and Rufini Mastropasqua, Sergio and Ruiz De Galarreta, Claudia and Russi, Andrea and Saar, Steven and Saillenfest, Melaine and Salaris, Maurizio and Salmon, Sebastien and Saltas, Ippocratis and Samadi, Réza and Samadi, Aunia and Samra, Dominic and Sanches Da Silva, Tiago and Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés and Santerne, Alexandre and Santiago Pé, Amaia and Santoli, Francesco and Santos, Ängela R.G. and Sanz Mesa, Rosario and Sarro, Luis Manuel and Scandariato, Gaetano and Schäfer, Martin and Schlafly, Edward and Schmider, François Xavier and Schneider, Jean and Schou, Jesper and Schunker, Hannah and Schwarzkopf, Gabriel Jörg and Serenelli, Aldo and Seynaeve, Dries and Shan, Yutong and Shapiro, Alexander and Shipman, Russel and Sicilia, Daniela and Sierra Sanmartin, Maria Angeles and Sigot, Axelle and Silliman, Kyle and Silvotti, Roberto and Simon, Attila E. and Simoyama Napoli, Ricardo and Skarka, Marek and Smalley, Barry and Smiljanic, Rodolfo and Smit, Samuel and Smith, Alexis and Smith, Leigh and Snellen, Ignas and Sódor, Ádám and Sohl, Frank and Solanki, Sami K. and Sortino, Francesca and Sousa, Sérgio and Southworth, John and Souto, Diogo and Sozzetti, Alessandro and Stamatellos, Dimitris and Stassun, Keivan and Steller, Manfred and Stello, Dennis and Stelzer, Beate and Stiebeler, Ulrike and Stokholm, Amalie and Storelvmo, Trude and Strassmeier, Klaus and Strøm, Paul Anthony and Strugarek, Antoine and Sulis, Sophia and Švanda, Michal and Szabados, László and Szabó, Róbert and Szabó, Gyula M. and Szuszkiewicz, Ewa and Talens, Geert Jan and Teti, Daniele and Theisen, Tom and Thévenin, Frédéric and Thoul, Anne and Tiphene, Didier and Titz-Weider, Ruth and Tkachenko, Andrew and Tomecki, Daniel and Tonfat, Jorge and Tosi, Nicola and Trampedach, Regner and Traven, Gregor and Triaud, Amaury and Trønnes, Reidar and Tsantaki, Maria and Tschentscher, Matthias and Turin, Arnaud and Tvaruzka, Adam and Ulmer, Bernd and Ulmer-Moll, Solène and Ulusoy, Ceren and Umbriaco, Gabriele and Valencia, Diana and Valentini, Marica and Valio, Adriana and Valverde Guijarro, Ángel Luis and Van Eylen, Vincent and Van Grootel, Valerie and Van Kempen, Tim A. and Van Reeth, Timothy and Van Zelst, Iris and Vandenbussche, Bart and Vasiliou, Konstantinos and Vasilyev, Valeriy and Vaz De Mascarenhas, David and Vazan, Allona and Vela Nunez, Marina and Velloso, Eduardo Nunes and Ventura, Rita and Ventura, Paolo and Venturini, Julia and Vera Trallero, Isabel and Veras, Dimitri and Verdugo, Eva and Verma, Kuldeep and Vibert, Didier and Vicanek Martinez, Tobias and Vida, Krisztián and Vigan, Arthur and Villacorta, Antonio and Villaver, Eva and Villaverde Aparicio, Marcos and Viotto, Valentina and Vorobyov, Eduard and Vorontsov, Sergey and Wagner, Frank W. and Walton, Nicholas and Walton, Dave and Wang, Haiyang and Waters, Rens and Watson, Christopher and Wedemeyer, Sven and Weeks, Angharad and Weingrill, Jörg and Weiss, Annita and Wendler, Belinda and West, Richard and Westerdorff, Karsten and Westphal, Pierre Amaury and Wheatley, Peter and White, Tim and Whittaker, Amadou and Wickhusen, Kai and Wilson, Thomas and Windsor, James and Winter, Othon and Winther, Mark Lykke and Winton, Alistair and Witteck, Ulrike and Witzke, Veronika and Woitke, Peter and Wolter, David and Wuchterl, Günther and Wyatt, Mark and Yang, Dan and Yu, Jie and Zanmar Sanchez, Ricardo and Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa and Zechmeister, Mathias and Zhou, Yixiao and Ziemke, Claas and Zwintz, Konstanze and Böhm, Torsten and Dansac, Léo Michel}, issn = {1572-9508}, journal = {Experimental Astronomy}, number = {3}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{The PLATO mission}}, doi = {10.1007/s10686-025-09985-9}, volume = {59}, year = {2025}, } @article{19638, abstract = {The James Webb Space Telescope has revealed low-luminosity active galactic nuclei at redshifts of z ≳ 4–7, many of which host accreting massive black holes (BHs) with BH-to-galaxy mass (MBH/M⋆) ratios exceeding the local values by more than an order of magnitude. The origin of these overmassive BHs remains unclear but requires potential contributions from heavy seeds and/or episodes of super-Eddington accretion. We present a growth model coupled with dark matter halo assembly to explore the evolution of the MBH/M⋆ ratio under different seeding and feedback scenarios. Given the gas inflow rates in protogalaxies, BHs grow episodically at moderate super-Eddington rates, and the mass ratio increases early on, despite significant mass loss through feedback. Regardless of seeding mechanisms, the mass ratio converges to a universal value ∼0.1–0.3, set by the balance between gas feeding and star formation efficiency in the nucleus. This behavior defines an attractor in the MBH–M⋆ diagram, where overmassive BHs grow more slowly than their hosts, while undermassive seeds experience rapid growth before aligning with the attractor. We derive an analytical expression for the universal mass ratio, linking it to feedback strength and halo growth. The convergence of evolutionary tracks erases seeding information from the mass ratio by z ∼ 4–6. Detecting BHs with ∼105−6 M⊙ at higher redshifts that deviate from the convergence trend would provide key diagnostics of their birth conditions.}, author = {Hu, Haojie and Inayoshi, Kohei and Haiman, Zoltán and Ho, Luis C. and Ohsuga, Ken}, issn = {2041-8213}, journal = {The Astrophysical Journal Letters}, number = {2}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, title = {{The convergence of heavy and light seeds to overmassive black holes at cosmic dawn}}, doi = {10.3847/2041-8213/adc680}, volume = {983}, year = {2025}, } @article{19639, abstract = {Magnetic interactions are thought to play a key role in the properties of many unconventional superconductors, including cuprates, iron pnictides, and square-planar nickelates. Superconductivity was also recently observed in the bilayer and trilayer Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates, the electronic structure of which is expected to differ from that of cuprates and square-planar nickelates. Here we study how electronic structure and magnetic interactions evolve with the number of layers, 𝑛, in thin film Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates Nd𝑛+1⁢Ni𝑛⁢O3⁢𝑛+1 with 𝑛=1,3, and 5 using resonant inelastic x-ray scattering (RIXS). The RIXS spectra are consistent with a high-spin |3⁢𝑑8⁢ 𝐿̲⟩ electronic configuration, resembling that of La2−𝑥⁢Sr𝑥⁢NiO4 and the parent perovskite, NdNiO3. The magnetic excitations soften to lower energy in the structurally self-doped, higher-𝑛 films. Our observations confirm that structural tuning is an effective route for altering electronic properties, such as magnetic superexchange, in this prominent family of materials.}, author = {Tenhuisen, Sophia F.R. and Pan, Grace A. and Song, Qi and Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova and Ferenc Segedin, Dan and Goodge, Berit H. and Paik, Hanjong and Pelliciari, Jonathan and Bisogni, Valentina and Gu, Yanhong and Agrestini, Stefano and Nag, Abhishek and García-Fernández, Mirian and Zhou, Ke Jin and Kourkoutis, Lena F. and Brooks, Charles M. and Mundy, Julia A. and Dean, Mark P.M. and Mitrano, Matteo}, issn = {2469-9969}, journal = {Physical Review B}, number = {16}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{Magnetic excitations in Ndn+1Nin O3n+1 Ruddlesden-Popper nickelates observed via resonant inelastic x-ray scattering}}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevB.111.165145}, volume = {111}, year = {2025}, } @article{19640, abstract = {Synaptic plasticity is a key player in the brain’s life-long learning abilities. However, due to experimental limitations, the mechanistic link between synaptic plasticity rules and the network-level computations they enable remain opaque. Here we use evolutionary strategies (ES) to meta learn local co-active plasticity rules in large recurrent spiking networks with excitatory (E) and inhibitory (I) neurons, using parameterizations of increasing complexity. We discover rules that robustly stabilize network dynamics for all four synapse types acting in isolation (E-to-E, E-to-I, I-to-E and I-to-I). More complex functions such as familiarity detection can also be included in the search constraints. However, our meta learning strategy begins to fail for co-active rules of increasing complexity, as it is challenging to devise loss functions that effectively constrain network dynamics to plausible solutions a priori. Moreover, in line with previous work, we can find multiple degenerate solutions with identical network behaviour. As a local optimization strategy, ES provides one solution at a time and makes exploration of this degeneracy cumbersome. Regardless, we can glean the interdependecies of various plasticity parameters by considering the covariance matrix learned alongside the optimal rule with ES. Our work provides a proof of principle for the success of machine-learning-guided discovery of plasticity rules in large spiking networks, and points at the necessity of more elaborate search strategies going forward.}, author = {Confavreux, Basile J and Agnes, Everton J. and Zenke, Friedemann and Sprekeler, Henning and Vogels, Tim P}, issn = {1553-7358}, journal = {PLoS Computational Biology}, number = {4}, publisher = {Public Library of Science}, title = {{Balancing complexity, performance and plausibility to meta learn plasticity rules in recurrent spiking networks}}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1012910}, volume = {21}, year = {2025}, }