@article{10352,
  abstract     = {In the nuclear pore complex, intrinsically disordered nuclear pore proteins (FG Nups) form a selective barrier for transport into and out of the cell nucleus, in a way that remains poorly understood. The collective FG Nup behavior has long been conceptualized either as a polymer brush, dominated by entropic and excluded-volume (repulsive) interactions, or as a hydrogel, dominated by cohesive (attractive) interactions between FG Nups. Here we compare mesoscale computational simulations with a wide range of experimental data to demonstrate that FG Nups are at the crossover point between these two regimes. Specifically, we find that repulsive and attractive interactions are balanced, resulting in morphologies and dynamics that are close to those of ideal polymer chains. We demonstrate that this property of FG Nups yields sufficient cohesion to seal the transport barrier, and yet maintains fast dynamics at the molecular scale, permitting the rapid polymer rearrangements needed for transport events.},
  author       = {Davis, Luke K. and Ford, Ian J. and Šarić, Anđela and Hoogenboom, Bart W.},
  issn         = {2470-0053},
  journal      = {Physical Review E},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Intrinsically disordered nuclear pore proteins show ideal-polymer morphologies and dynamics}},
  doi          = {10.1103/physreve.101.022420},
  volume       = {101},
  year         = {2020},
}

@article{10353,
  abstract     = {Experiments have suggested that bacterial mechanosensitive channels separate into 2D clusters, the role of which is unclear. By developing a coarse-grained computer model we find that clustering promotes the channel closure, which is highly dependent on the channel concentration and membrane stress. This behaviour yields a tightly regulated gating system, whereby at high tensions channels gate individually, and at lower tensions the channels spontaneously aggregate and inactivate. We implement this positive feedback into the model for cell volume regulation, and find that the channel clustering protects the cell against excessive loss of cytoplasmic content.},
  author       = {Paraschiv, Alexandru and Hegde, Smitha and Ganti, Raman and Pilizota, Teuta and Šarić, Anđela},
  issn         = {1079-7114},
  journal      = {Physical Review Letters},
  keywords     = {general physics and astronomy},
  number       = {4},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Dynamic clustering regulates activity of mechanosensitive membrane channels}},
  doi          = {10.1103/physrevlett.124.048102},
  volume       = {124},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{10556,
  abstract     = {In this paper, we present the first Asynchronous Distributed Key Generation (ADKG) algorithm which is also the first distributed key generation algorithm that can generate cryptographic keys with a dual (f,2f+1)-threshold (where f is the number of faulty parties). As a result, using our ADKG we remove the trusted setup assumption that the most scalable consensus algorithms make. In order to create a DKG with a dual (f,2f+1)- threshold we first answer in the affirmative the open question posed by Cachin et al. [7] on how to create an Asynchronous Verifiable Secret Sharing (AVSS) protocol with a reconstruction threshold of f+1<k łe 2f+1, which is of independent interest. Our High-threshold-AVSS (HAVSS) uses an asymmetric bivariate polynomial to encode the secret. This enables the reconstruction of the secret only if a set of k nodes contribute while allowing an honest node that did not participate in the sharing phase to recover his share with the help of f+1 honest parties. Once we have HAVSS we can use it to bootstrap scalable partially synchronous consensus protocols, but the question on how to get a DKG in asynchrony remains as we need a way to produce common randomness. The solution comes from a novel Eventually Perfect Common Coin (EPCC) abstraction that enables the generation of a common coin from n concurrent HAVSS invocations. EPCC's key property is that it is eventually reliable, as it might fail to agree at most f times (even if invoked a polynomial number of times). Using EPCC we implement an Eventually Efficient Asynchronous Binary Agreement (EEABA) which is optimal when the EPCC agrees and protects safety when EPCC fails. Finally, using EEABA we construct the first ADKG which has the same overhead and expected runtime as the best partially-synchronous DKG (O(n4) words, O(f) rounds). As a corollary of our ADKG, we can also create the first Validated Asynchronous Byzantine Agreement (VABA) that does not need a trusted dealer to setup threshold signatures of degree n-f. Our VABA has an overhead of expected O(n2) words and O(1) time per instance, after an initial O(n4) words and O(f) time bootstrap via ADKG.},
  author       = {Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios and Malkhi, Dahlia and Spiegelman, Alexander},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 2020 ACM SIGSAC Conference on Computer and Communications Security},
  isbn         = {978-1-4503-7089-9},
  location     = {Virtual, United States},
  pages        = {1751–1767},
  publisher    = {Association for Computing Machinery},
  title        = {{Asynchronous distributed key generation for computationally-secure randomness, consensus, and threshold signatures}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3372297.3423364},
  year         = {2020},
}

@misc{10557,
  abstract     = {Data storage and retrieval systems, methods, and computer-readable media utilize a cryptographically verifiable data structure that facilitates verification of a transaction in a decentralized peer-to-peer environment using multi-hop backwards and forwards links. Backward links are cryptographic hashes of past records. Forward links are cryptographic signatures of future records that are added retroactively to records once the target block has been appended to the data structure.},
  author       = {Ford, Bryan and Gasse, Linus and Kokoris Kogias, Eleftherios and Jovanovic, Philipp},
  title        = {{Cryptographically verifiable data structure having multi-hop forward and backwards links and associated systems and methods}},
  year         = {2020},
}

@article{10618,
  abstract     = {Magnetism typically arises from the joint effect of Fermi statistics and repulsive Coulomb interactions, which favours ground states with non-zero electron spin. As a result, controlling spin magnetism with electric fields—a longstanding technological goal in spintronics and multiferroics1,2—can be achieved only indirectly. Here we experimentally demonstrate direct electric-field control of magnetic states in an orbital Chern insulator3,4,5,6, a magnetic system in which non-trivial band topology favours long-range order of orbital angular momentum but the spins are thought to remain disordered7,8,9,10,11,12,13,14. We use van der Waals heterostructures consisting of a graphene monolayer rotationally faulted with respect to a Bernal-stacked bilayer to realize narrow and topologically non-trivial valley-projected moiré minibands15,16,17. At fillings of one and three electrons per moiré unit cell within these bands, we observe quantized anomalous Hall effects18 with transverse resistance approximately equal to h/2e2 (where h is Planck’s constant and e is the charge on the electron), which is indicative of spontaneous polarization of the system into a single-valley-projected band with a Chern number equal to two. At a filling of three electrons per moiré unit cell, we find that the sign of the quantum anomalous Hall effect can be reversed via field-effect control of the chemical potential; moreover, this transition is hysteretic, which we use to demonstrate non-volatile electric-field-induced reversal of the magnetic state. A theoretical analysis19 indicates that the effect arises from the topological edge states, which drive a change in sign of the magnetization and thus a reversal in the favoured magnetic state. Voltage control of magnetic states can be used to electrically pattern non-volatile magnetic-domain structures hosting chiral edge states, with applications ranging from reconfigurable microwave circuit elements to ultralow-power magnetic memories.},
  author       = {Polshyn, Hryhoriy and Zhu, J. and Kumar, M. A. and Zhang, Y. and Yang, F. and Tschirhart, C. L. and Serlin, M. and Watanabe, K. and Taniguchi, T. and MacDonald, A. H. and Young, A. F.},
  issn         = {1476-4687},
  journal      = {Nature},
  keywords     = {multidisciplinary},
  number       = {7836},
  pages        = {66--70},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Electrical switching of magnetic order in an orbital Chern insulator}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41586-020-2963-8},
  volume       = {588},
  year         = {2020},
}

@unpublished{10650,
  abstract     = {The understanding of material systems with strong electron-electron interactions is the central problem in modern condensed matter physics. Despite this, the essential physics of many of these materials is still not understood and we have no overall perspective on their properties. Moreover, we have very little ability to make predictions in this class of systems. In this manuscript we share our personal views of what the major open problems are in correlated electron systems and we discuss some possible routes to make progress in this rich and fascinating field. This manuscript is the result of the vigorous discussions and deliberations that took place at Johns Hopkins University during a three-day workshop January 27, 28, and 29, 2020 that brought together six senior scientists and 46 more junior scientists. Our hope, is that the topics we have presented will provide inspiration for others working in this field and motivation for the idea that significant progress can be made on very hard problems if we focus our collective energies.},
  author       = {Alexandradinata, A and Armitage, N.P. and Baydin, Andrey and Bi, Wenli and Cao, Yue and Changlani, Hitesh J. and Chertkov, Eli and da Silva Neto, Eduardo H. and Delacretaz, Luca and El Baggari, Ismail and Ferguson, G.M. and Gannon, William J. and Ghorashi, Sayed Ali Akbar and Goodge, Berit H. and Goulko, Olga and Grissonnache, G. and Hallas, Alannah and Hayes, Ian M. and He, Yu and Huang, Edwin W. and Kogar, Anshu and Kumah, Divine and Lee, Jong Yeon and Legros, A. and Mahmood, Fahad and Maximenko, Yulia and Pellatz, Nick and Polshyn, Hryhoriy and Sarkar, Tarapada and Scheie, Allen and Seyler, Kyle L. and Shi, Zhenzhong and Skinner, Brian and Steinke, Lucia and Thirunavukkuarasu, K. and Trevisan, Thaís Victa and Vogl, Michael and Volkov, Pavel A. and Wang, Yao and Wang, Yishu and Wei, Di and Wei, Kaya and Yang, Shuolong and Zhang, Xian and Zhang, Ya-Hui and Zhao, Liuyan and Zong, Alfred},
  booktitle    = {arXiv},
  pages        = {55},
  title        = {{The future of the correlated electron problem}},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{10672,
  abstract     = {The family of feedback alignment (FA) algorithms aims to provide a more biologically motivated alternative to backpropagation (BP), by substituting the computations that are unrealistic to be implemented in physical brains. While FA algorithms have been shown to work well in practice, there is a lack of rigorous theory proofing their learning capabilities. Here we introduce the first feedback alignment algorithm with provable learning guarantees. In contrast to existing work, we do not require any assumption about the size or depth of the network except that it has a single output neuron, i.e., such as for binary classification tasks. We show that our FA algorithm can deliver its theoretical promises in practice, surpassing the learning performance of existing FA methods and matching backpropagation in binary classification tasks. Finally, we demonstrate the limits of our FA variant when the number of output neurons grows beyond a certain quantity.},
  author       = {Lechner, Mathias},
  booktitle    = {8th International Conference on Learning Representations},
  location     = {Virtual ; Addis Ababa, Ethiopia},
  publisher    = {ICLR},
  title        = {{Learning representations for binary-classification without backpropagation}},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{10673,
  abstract     = {We propose a neural information processing system obtained by re-purposing the function of a biological neural circuit model to govern simulated and real-world control tasks. Inspired by the structure of the nervous system of the soil-worm, C. elegans, we introduce ordinary neural circuits (ONCs), defined as the model of biological neural circuits reparameterized for the control of alternative tasks. We first demonstrate that ONCs realize networks with higher maximum flow compared to arbitrary wired networks. We then learn instances of ONCs to control a series of robotic tasks, including the autonomous parking of a real-world rover robot. For reconfiguration of the purpose of the neural circuit, we adopt a search-based optimization algorithm. Ordinary neural circuits perform on par and, in some cases, significantly surpass the performance of contemporary deep learning models. ONC networks are compact, 77% sparser than their counterpart neural controllers, and their neural dynamics are fully interpretable at the cell-level.},
  author       = {Hasani, Ramin and Lechner, Mathias and Amini, Alexander and Rus, Daniela and Grosu, Radu},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 37th International Conference on Machine Learning},
  issn         = {2640-3498},
  location     = {Virtual},
  pages        = {4082--4093},
  title        = {{A natural lottery ticket winner: Reinforcement learning with ordinary neural circuits}},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{10693,
  abstract     = {High quality graphene heterostructures host an array of fractional quantum Hall isospin ferromagnets with diverse spin and valley orders. While a variety of phase transitions have been observed, disentangling the isospin phase diagram of these states is hampered by the absence of direct probes of spin and valley order. I will describe nonlocal transport measurements based on launching spin waves from a gate defined lateral heterojunction, performed in ultra-clean Corbino geometry graphene devices. At high magnetic fields, we find that the spin-wave transport signal is detected in all FQH states between ν = 0 and 1; however, between ν = 1 and 2 only odd numerator FQH states show finite nonlocal transport, despite the identical ground state spin polarizations in odd- and even numerator states. The results reveal that the neutral spin-waves are both spin and sublattice polarized making them a sensitive probe of ground state sublattice structure. Armed with this understanding, we use nonlocal transport signal to a magnetic field tuned isospin phase transition, showing that the emergent even denominator state at ν = 1/2 in monolayer graphene is indeed a multicomponent state featuring equal populations on each sublattice.},
  author       = {Zhou, Haoxin and Polshyn, Hryhoriy and Tanaguchi, Takashi and Watanabe, Kenji and Young, Andrea},
  booktitle    = {APS March Meeting 2020},
  issn         = {0003-0503},
  location     = {Denver, CO, United States},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Sublattice resolved spin wave transport through graphene fractional quantum Hall states as a probe of isospin order}},
  volume       = {65},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{10696,
  abstract     = {We experimentally investigate twisted van der Waals heterostructures of monolayer graphene rotated with respect to a bernal stacked graphene bilayer. We report transport measurements for devices with twist angles between 0.9 and 1.4°. The electric field allows efficient tuning of the width, isolation and the topology of the moiré bands in this system. By comparing magnetoresistance measurements to numerical simulations, we develop an understanding of the band structure. Finally, we observe correlated states at half- and quarter-fillings, which arise when narrow moire sublattice band is isolated by energy gaps from dispersive bands. We investigate the effects of in-plane and out-of-plane magnetic field on these states and discuss the implication for their spin- and valley- polarization.},
  author       = {Polshyn, Hryhoriy and Zhu, Jihang and Kumar, Manish and Taniguchi, Takashi and Watanabe, Kenji and MacDonald, Allan and Young, Andrea},
  booktitle    = {APS March Meeting 2020},
  issn         = {0003-0503},
  location     = {Denver, CO, United States},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Correlated states and tunable topological bands in twisted monolayer-bilayer graphene heterostructures}},
  volume       = {65},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{10697,
  abstract     = {We report the observation of a quantized anomalous Hall effect in a moiré heterostructure consisting of twisted bilayer graphene aligned to an encapsulating hBN substrate. The effect occurs at a density of 3 electrons per superlattice unit cell, where we observe magnetic hysteresis and a Hall resistance quantized to within 0.1% of the resistance quantum at temperatures as high as 3K. In this first of 3 talks, I will describe the fabrication procedure for our device as well as basic transport characterization measurements. I will introduce the phenomenology of twisted bilayer graphene and present evidence for hBN alignment as manifested in the hierarchy of symmetry-breaking gaps and anomalous magnetoresistance.},
  author       = {Zhang, Yuxuan and Serlin, Marec and Tschirhart, Charles and Polshyn, Hryhoriy and Zhu, Jiacheng and Balents, Leon and Huber, Martin E. and Taniguchi, Takashi and Watanabe, Kenji and Young, Andrea},
  booktitle    = {APS March Meeting 2020},
  location     = {Denver, CO, United States},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Intrinsic quantized anomalous Hall effect in a moiré heterostructure, part I: Device fabrication and transport}},
  volume       = {65},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{10698,
  abstract     = {This is the second of three talks describing the observation and characterization of a ferromagnetic moiré heterostructure based on twisted bilayer graphene aligned to hexagonal boron nitride. I will compare the qualitative and quantitative features of this observed quantum anomalous Hall state to traditional systems engineered from thin film (Bi,Sb)2Te3 topological insulators. In particular, we find that the measured electronic energy gap of ~30K is several times higher than the Curie temperature, consistent with a lack of disorder associated with magnetic dopants. In this system, the quantization arises from spontaneous ferromagnetic polarization into a single spin and valley moiré subband, which is topological despite the lack of spin orbit coupling. I will also discuss the observation of current induced switching, which allows the magnetic state of the heterostructure to be controllably reversed with currents as small as a few nanoamperes.},
  author       = {Serlin, Marec and Tschirhart, Charles and Polshyn, Hryhoriy and Zhang, Yuxuan and Zhu, Jiacheng and Huber, Martin E. and Balents, Leon and Watanabe, Kenji and Tanaguchi, Takashi and Young, Andrea},
  booktitle    = {APS March Meeting 2020},
  location     = {Denver, CO, United States},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Intrinsic quantized anomalous Hall effect in a moiré heterostructure, part II: Temperature dependence and current switching}},
  volume       = {65},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inproceedings{10699,
  abstract     = {This is the third of three talks describing the observation and characterization of a ferromagnetic moiré heterostructure based on twisted bilayer graphene aligned to hexagonal boron nitride. In this segment I will present scanning probe magnetometry data acquired using a nanoSQUID-on-tip microscope, which provides ~150 nm spatial resolution and a field sensitivity of ~10 nT/rtHz. We study the distribution of magnetic domains within the device as a function of density, magnetic field training, and DC current. Our data allow us to constrain the magnitude of the orbital magnetic moment of the electrons in the QAH state. Comparison with simultaneously acquired transport data allows us to precisely correlate single domain dynamics with discrete jumps in the observed anomalous Hall signal.},
  author       = {Tschirhart, Charles and Serlin, Marec and Polshyn, Hryhoriy and Zhang, Yuxuan and Zhu, Jiacheng and Balents, Leon and Huber, Martin E. and Watanabe, Kenji and Tanaguchi, Takashi and Young, Andrea},
  booktitle    = {APS March Meeting 2020},
  issn         = {0003-0503},
  location     = {Denver, CO, United States},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Intrinsic quantized anomalous Hall effect in a moiré heterostructure, part III: Scanning probe magnetometry}},
  volume       = {65},
  year         = {2020},
}

@article{10701,
  abstract     = {Partially filled Landau levels host competing electronic orders. For example, electron solids may prevail close to integer filling of the Landau levels before giving way to fractional quantum Hall liquids at higher carrier density1,2. Here, we report the observation of an electron solid with non-collinear spin texture in monolayer graphene, consistent with solidification of skyrmions3—topological spin textures characterized by quantized electrical charge4,5. We probe the spin texture of the solids using a modified Corbino geometry that allows ferromagnetic magnons to be launched and detected6,7. We find that magnon transport is highly efficient when one Landau level is filled (ν=1), consistent with quantum Hall ferromagnetic spin polarization. However, even minimal doping immediately quenches the magnon signal while leaving the vanishing low-temperature charge conductivity unchanged. Our results can be understood by the formation of a solid of charged skyrmions near ν=1, whose non-collinear spin texture leads to rapid magnon decay. Data near fractional fillings show evidence of several fractional skyrmion solids, suggesting that graphene hosts a highly tunable landscape of coupled spin and charge orders.},
  author       = {Zhou, Haoxin and Polshyn, Hryhoriy and Taniguchi, Takashi and Watanabe, Kenji and Young, Andrea F.},
  issn         = {1745-2481},
  journal      = {Nature Physics},
  number       = {2},
  pages        = {154--158},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Skyrmion solids in monolayer graphene}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41567-019-0729-8},
  volume       = {16},
  year         = {2020},
}

@article{7563,
  abstract     = {We introduce “state space persistence analysis” for deducing the symbolic dynamics of time series data obtained from high-dimensional chaotic attractors. To this end, we adapt a topological data analysis technique known as persistent homology for the characterization of state space projections of chaotic trajectories and periodic orbits. By comparing the shapes along a chaotic trajectory to those of the periodic orbits, state space persistence analysis quantifies the shape similarity of chaotic trajectory segments and periodic orbits. We demonstrate the method by applying it to the three-dimensional Rössler system and a 30-dimensional discretization of the Kuramoto–Sivashinsky partial differential equation in (1+1) dimensions.
One way of studying chaotic attractors systematically is through their symbolic dynamics, in which one partitions the state space into qualitatively different regions and assigns a symbol to each such region.1–3 This yields a “coarse-grained” state space of the system, which can then be reduced to a Markov chain encoding all possible transitions between the states of the system. While it is possible to obtain the symbolic dynamics of low-dimensional chaotic systems with standard tools such as Poincaré maps, when applied to high-dimensional systems such as turbulent flows, these tools alone are not sufficient to determine symbolic dynamics.4,5 In this paper, we develop “state space persistence analysis” and demonstrate that it can be utilized to infer the symbolic dynamics in very high-dimensional settings.},
  author       = {Yalniz, Gökhan and Budanur, Nazmi B},
  issn         = {1089-7682},
  journal      = {Chaos},
  number       = {3},
  publisher    = {AIP Publishing},
  title        = {{Inferring symbolic dynamics of chaotic flows from persistence}},
  doi          = {10.1063/1.5122969},
  volume       = {30},
  year         = {2020},
}

@article{7567,
  abstract     = {Coxeter triangulations are triangulations of Euclidean space based on a single simplex. By this we mean that given an individual simplex we can recover the entire triangulation of Euclidean space by inductively reflecting in the faces of the simplex. In this paper we establish that the quality of the simplices in all Coxeter triangulations is O(1/d−−√) of the quality of regular simplex. We further investigate the Delaunay property for these triangulations. Moreover, we consider an extension of the Delaunay property, namely protection, which is a measure of non-degeneracy of a Delaunay triangulation. In particular, one family of Coxeter triangulations achieves the protection O(1/d2). We conjecture that both bounds are optimal for triangulations in Euclidean space.},
  author       = {Choudhary, Aruni and Kachanovich, Siargey and Wintraecken, Mathijs},
  issn         = {1661-8289},
  journal      = {Mathematics in Computer Science},
  pages        = {141--176},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Coxeter triangulations have good quality}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s11786-020-00461-5},
  volume       = {14},
  year         = {2020},
}

@article{7569,
  abstract     = {Genes differ in the frequency at which they are expressed and in the form of regulation used to control their activity. In particular, positive or negative regulation can lead to activation of a gene in response to an external signal. Previous works proposed that the form of regulation of a gene correlates with its frequency of usage: positive regulation when the gene is frequently expressed and negative regulation when infrequently expressed. Such network design means that, in the absence of their regulators, the genes are found in their least required activity state, hence regulatory intervention is often necessary. Due to the multitude of genes and regulators, spurious binding and unbinding events, called “crosstalk”, could occur. To determine how the form of regulation affects the global crosstalk in the network, we used a mathematical model that includes multiple regulators and multiple target genes. We found that crosstalk depends non-monotonically on the availability of regulators. Our analysis showed that excess use of regulation entailed by the formerly suggested network design caused high crosstalk levels in a large part of the parameter space. We therefore considered the opposite ‘idle’ design, where the default unregulated state of genes is their frequently required activity state. We found, that ‘idle’ design minimized the use of regulation and thus minimized crosstalk. In addition, we estimated global crosstalk of S. cerevisiae using transcription factors binding data. We demonstrated that even partial network data could suffice to estimate its global crosstalk, suggesting its applicability to additional organisms. We found that S. cerevisiae estimated crosstalk is lower than that of a random network, suggesting that natural selection reduces crosstalk. In summary, our study highlights a new type of protein production cost which is typically overlooked: that of regulatory interference caused by the presence of excess regulators in the cell. It demonstrates the importance of whole-network descriptions, which could show effects missed by single-gene models.},
  author       = {Grah, Rok and Friedlander, Tamar},
  issn         = {1553-7358},
  journal      = {PLOS Computational Biology},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {Public Library of Science},
  title        = {{The relation between crosstalk and gene regulation form revisited}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pcbi.1007642},
  volume       = {16},
  year         = {2020},
}

@article{7570,
  abstract     = {The relaxation of few-body quantum systems can strongly depend on the initial state when the system’s semiclassical phase space is mixed; i.e., regions of chaotic motion coexist with regular islands. In recent years, there has been much effort to understand the process of thermalization in strongly interacting quantum systems that often lack an obvious semiclassical limit. The time-dependent variational principle (TDVP) allows one to systematically derive an effective classical (nonlinear) dynamical system by projecting unitary many-body dynamics onto a manifold of weakly entangled variational states. We demonstrate that such dynamical systems generally possess mixed phase space. When TDVP errors are small, the mixed phase space leaves a footprint on the exact dynamics of the quantum model. For example, when the system is initialized in a state belonging to a stable periodic orbit or the surrounding regular region, it exhibits persistent many-body quantum revivals. As a proof of principle, we identify new types of “quantum many-body scars,” i.e., initial states that lead to long-time oscillations in a model of interacting Rydberg atoms in one and two dimensions. Intriguingly, the initial states that give rise to most robust revivals are typically entangled states. On the other hand, even when TDVP errors are large, as in the thermalizing tilted-field Ising model, initializing the system in a regular region of phase space leads to a surprising slowdown of thermalization. Our work establishes TDVP as a method for identifying interacting quantum systems with anomalous dynamics in arbitrary dimensions. Moreover, the mixed phase space classical variational equations allow one to find slowly thermalizing initial conditions in interacting models. Our results shed light on a link between classical and quantum chaos, pointing toward possible extensions of the classical Kolmogorov-Arnold-Moser theorem to quantum systems.},
  author       = {Michailidis, Alexios and Turner, C. J. and Papić, Z. and Abanin, D. A. and Serbyn, Maksym},
  issn         = {2160-3308},
  journal      = {Physical Review X},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Slow quantum thermalization and many-body revivals from mixed phase space}},
  doi          = {10.1103/physrevx.10.011055},
  volume       = {10},
  year         = {2020},
}

@inbook{7572,
  abstract     = {The polymerization–depolymerization dynamics of cytoskeletal proteins play essential roles in the self-organization of cytoskeletal structures, in eukaryotic as well as prokaryotic cells. While advances in fluorescence microscopy and in vitro reconstitution experiments have helped to study the dynamic properties of these complex systems, methods that allow to collect and analyze large quantitative datasets of the underlying polymer dynamics are still missing. Here, we present a novel image analysis workflow to study polymerization dynamics of active filaments in a nonbiased, highly automated manner. Using treadmilling filaments of the bacterial tubulin FtsZ as an example, we demonstrate that our method is able to specifically detect, track and analyze growth and shrinkage of polymers, even in dense networks of filaments. We believe that this automated method can facilitate the analysis of a large variety of dynamic cytoskeletal systems, using standard time-lapse movies obtained from experiments in vitro as well as in the living cell. Moreover, we provide scripts implementing this method as supplementary material.},
  author       = {Dos Santos Caldas, Paulo R and Radler, Philipp and Sommer, Christoph M and Loose, Martin},
  booktitle    = {Methods in Cell Biology},
  editor       = {Tran, Phong },
  issn         = {0091-679X},
  pages        = {145--161},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Computational analysis of filament polymerization dynamics in cytoskeletal networks}},
  doi          = {10.1016/bs.mcb.2020.01.006},
  volume       = {158},
  year         = {2020},
}

@article{7573,
  abstract     = {This paper deals with dynamical optimal transport metrics defined by spatial discretisation of the Benamou–Benamou formula for the Kantorovich metric . Such metrics appear naturally in discretisations of -gradient flow formulations for dissipative PDE. However, it has recently been shown that these metrics do not in general converge to , unless strong geometric constraints are imposed on the discrete mesh. In this paper we prove that, in a 1-dimensional periodic setting, discrete transport metrics converge to a limiting transport metric with a non-trivial effective mobility. This mobility depends sensitively on the geometry of the mesh and on the non-local mobility at the discrete level. Our result quantifies to what extent discrete transport can make use of microstructure in the mesh to reduce the cost of transport.},
  author       = {Gladbach, Peter and Kopfer, Eva and Maas, Jan and Portinale, Lorenzo},
  issn         = {0021-7824},
  journal      = {Journal de Mathematiques Pures et Appliquees},
  number       = {7},
  pages        = {204--234},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Homogenisation of one-dimensional discrete optimal transport}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.matpur.2020.02.008},
  volume       = {139},
  year         = {2020},
}