@article{6788,
  abstract     = {We consider the Nelson model with ultraviolet cutoff, which describes the interaction between non-relativistic particles and a positive or zero mass quantized scalar field. We take the non-relativistic particles to obey Fermi statistics and discuss the time evolution in a mean-field limit of many fermions. In this case, the limit is known to be also a semiclassical limit. We prove convergence in terms of reduced density matrices of the many-body state to a tensor product of a Slater determinant with semiclassical structure and a coherent state, which evolve according to a fermionic version of the Schrödinger–Klein–Gordon equations.},
  author       = {Leopold, Nikolai K and Petrat, Sören P},
  issn         = {1424-0661},
  journal      = {Annales Henri Poincare},
  number       = {10},
  pages        = {3471–3508},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Mean-field dynamics for the Nelson model with fermions}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00023-019-00828-w},
  volume       = {20},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{7100,
  abstract     = {We present microscopic derivations of the defocusing two-dimensional cubic nonlinear Schrödinger equation and the Gross–Pitaevskii equation starting froman interacting N-particle system of bosons. We consider the interaction potential to be given either by Wβ(x)=N−1+2βW(Nβx), for any β>0, or to be given by VN(x)=e2NV(eNx), for some spherical symmetric, nonnegative and compactly supported W,V∈L∞(R2,R). In both cases we prove the convergence of the reduced density corresponding to the exact time evolution to the projector onto the solution of the corresponding nonlinear Schrödinger equation in trace norm. For the latter potential VN we show that it is crucial to take the microscopic structure of the condensate into account in order to obtain the correct dynamics.},
  author       = {Jeblick, Maximilian and Leopold, Nikolai K and Pickl, Peter},
  issn         = {1432-0916},
  journal      = {Communications in Mathematical Physics},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {1--69},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Derivation of the time dependent Gross–Pitaevskii equation in two dimensions}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00220-019-03599-x},
  volume       = {372},
  year         = {2019},
}

@inbook{6890,
  abstract     = {Describing the protein interactions that form pleomorphic and asymmetric viruses represents a considerable challenge to most structural biology techniques, including X-ray crystallography and single particle cryo-electron microscopy. Obtaining a detailed understanding of these interactions is nevertheless important, considering the number of relevant human pathogens that do not follow strict icosahedral or helical symmetry. Cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging methods provide structural insights into complex biological environments and are well suited to go beyond structures of perfectly symmetric viruses. This chapter discusses recent developments showing that cryo-ET and subtomogram averaging can provide high-resolution insights into hitherto unknown structural features of pleomorphic and asymmetric virus particles. It also describes how these methods have significantly added to our understanding of retrovirus capsid assemblies in immature and mature viruses. Additional examples of irregular viruses and their associated proteins, whose structures have been studied via cryo-ET and subtomogram averaging, further support the versatility of these methods.},
  author       = {Obr, Martin and Schur, Florian KM},
  booktitle    = {Complementary Strategies to Study Virus Structure and Function},
  editor       = {Rey, Félix A.},
  isbn         = {9780128184561},
  issn         = {0065-3527},
  pages        = {117--159},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Structural analysis of pleomorphic and asymmetric viruses using cryo-electron tomography and subtomogram averaging}},
  doi          = {10.1016/bs.aivir.2019.07.008},
  volume       = {105},
  year         = {2019},
}

@inproceedings{6989,
  abstract     = {When can a polyomino piece of paper be folded into a unit cube? Prior work studied tree-like polyominoes, but polyominoes with holes remain an intriguing open problem. We present sufficient conditions for a polyomino with hole(s) to fold into a cube, and conditions under which cube folding is impossible. In particular, we show that all but five special simple holes guarantee foldability. },
  author       = {Aichholzer, Oswin and Akitaya, Hugo A and Cheung, Kenneth C and Demaine, Erik D and Demaine, Martin L and Fekete, Sandor P and Kleist, Linda and Kostitsyna, Irina and Löffler, Maarten and Masárová, Zuzana and Mundilova, Klara and Schmidt, Christiane},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 31st Canadian Conference on Computational Geometry},
  location     = {Edmonton, Canada},
  pages        = {164--170},
  publisher    = {Canadian Conference on Computational Geometry},
  title        = {{Folding polyominoes with holes into a cube}},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{6419,
  abstract     = {Characterizing the fitness landscape, a representation of fitness for a large set of genotypes, is key to understanding how genetic information is interpreted to create functional organisms. Here we determined the evolutionarily-relevant segment of the fitness landscape of His3, a gene coding for an enzyme in the histidine synthesis pathway, focusing on combinations of amino acid states found at orthologous sites of extant species. Just 15% of amino acids found in yeast His3 orthologues were always neutral while the impact on fitness of the remaining 85% depended on the genetic background. Furthermore, at 67% of sites, amino acid replacements were under sign epistasis, having both strongly positive and negative effect in different genetic backgrounds. 46% of sites were under reciprocal sign epistasis. The fitness impact of amino acid replacements was influenced by only a few genetic backgrounds but involved interaction of multiple sites, shaping a rugged fitness landscape in which many of the shortest paths between highly fit genotypes are inaccessible.},
  author       = {Pokusaeva, Victoria and Usmanova, Dinara R. and Putintseva, Ekaterina and Espinar, Lorena and Sarkisyan, Karen and Mishin, Alexander S. and Bogatyreva, Natalya S. and Ivankov, Dmitry and Akopyan, Arseniy and Avvakumov, Sergey and Povolotskaya, Inna S. and Filion, Guillaume J. and Carey, Lucas B. and Kondrashov, Fyodor},
  issn         = {1553-7404},
  journal      = {PLoS Genetics},
  number       = {4},
  publisher    = {Public Library of Science},
  title        = {{An experimental assay of the interactions of amino acids from orthologous sequences shaping a complex fitness landscape}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1008079},
  volume       = {15},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{5678,
  abstract     = {The order-k Voronoi tessellation of a locally finite set 𝑋⊆ℝ𝑛 decomposes ℝ𝑛 into convex domains whose points have the same k nearest neighbors in X. Assuming X is a stationary Poisson point process, we give explicit formulas for the expected number and total area of faces of a given dimension per unit volume of space. We also develop a relaxed version of discrete Morse theory and generalize by counting only faces, for which the k nearest points in X are within a given distance threshold.},
  author       = {Edelsbrunner, Herbert and Nikitenko, Anton},
  issn         = {14320444},
  journal      = {Discrete and Computational Geometry},
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {865–878},
  publisher    = {Springer},
  title        = {{Poisson–Delaunay Mosaics of Order k}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00454-018-0049-2},
  volume       = {62},
  year         = {2019},
}

@inproceedings{5947,
  abstract     = {Graph algorithms applied in many applications, including social networks, communication networks, VLSI design, graphics, and several others, require dynamic modifications - addition and removal of vertices and/or edges - in the graph. This paper presents a novel concurrent non-blocking algorithm to implement a dynamic unbounded directed graph in a shared-memory machine. The addition and removal operations of vertices and edges are lock-free. For a finite sized graph, the lookup operations are wait-free. Most significant component of the presented algorithm is the reachability query in a concurrent graph. The reachability queries in our algorithm are obstruction-free and thus impose minimal additional synchronization cost over other operations. We prove that each of the data structure operations are linearizable. We extensively evaluate a sample C/C++ implementation of the algorithm through a number of micro-benchmarks. The experimental results show that the proposed algorithm scales well with the number of threads and on an average provides 5 to 7x performance improvement over a concurrent graph implementation using coarse-grained locking.},
  author       = {Chatterjee, Bapi and Peri, Sathya and Sa, Muktikanta and Singhal, Nandini},
  booktitle    = {ACM International Conference Proceeding Series},
  isbn         = {978-1-4503-6094-4 },
  location     = {Bangalore, India},
  pages        = {168--177},
  publisher    = {ACM},
  title        = {{A simple and practical concurrent non-blocking unbounded graph with linearizable reachability queries}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3288599.3288617},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{5906,
  abstract     = {We introduce a simple, exactly solvable strong-randomness renormalization group (RG) model for the many-body localization (MBL) transition in one dimension. Our approach relies on a family of RG flows parametrized by the asymmetry between thermal and localized phases. We identify the physical MBL transition in the limit of maximal asymmetry, reflecting the instability of MBL against rare thermal inclusions. We find a critical point that is localized with power-law distributed thermal inclusions. The typical size of critical inclusions remains finite at the transition, while the average size is logarithmically diverging. We propose a two-parameter scaling theory for the many-body localization transition that falls into the Kosterlitz-Thouless universality class, with the MBL phase corresponding to a stable line of fixed points with multifractal behavior.},
  author       = {Goremykina, Anya and Vasseur, Romain and Serbyn, Maksym},
  issn         = {1079-7114},
  journal      = {Physical Review Letters},
  number       = {4},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Analytically solvable renormalization group for the many-body localization transition}},
  doi          = {10.1103/physrevlett.122.040601},
  volume       = {122},
  year         = {2019},
}

@misc{9790,
  author       = {Pokusaeva, Victoria and Usmanova, Dinara R. and Putintseva, Ekaterina V. and Espinar, Lorena and Sarkisyan, Karen and Mishin, Alexander S. and Bogatyreva, Natalya S. and Ivankov, Dmitry and Akopyan, Arseniy and Avvakumov, Sergey and Povolotskaya, Inna S. and Filion, Guillaume J. and Carey, Lucas B. and Kondrashov, Fyodor},
  publisher    = {Public Library of Science},
  title        = {{A statistical summary of segment libraries and sequencing results}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1008079.s011},
  year         = {2019},
}

@misc{9797,
  author       = {Pokusaeva, Victoria and Usmanova, Dinara R. and Putintseva, Ekaterina V. and Espinar, Lorena and Sarkisyan, Karen and Mishin, Alexander S. and Bogatyreva, Natalya S. and Ivankov, Dmitry and Akopyan, Arseniy and Povolotskaya, Inna S. and Filion, Guillaume J. and Carey, Lucas B. and Kondrashov, Fyodor},
  publisher    = {Public Library of Science},
  title        = {{A statistical summary of segment libraries and sequencing results}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1008079.s011},
  year         = {2019},
}

@misc{9789,
  author       = {Pokusaeva, Victoria and Usmanova, Dinara R. and Putintseva, Ekaterina V. and Espinar, Lorena and Sarkisyan, Karen and Mishin, Alexander S. and Bogatyreva, Natalya S. and Ivankov, Dmitry and Akopyan, Arseniy and Avvakumov, Sergey and Povolotskaya, Inna S. and Filion, Guillaume J. and Carey, Lucas B. and Kondrashov, Fyodor},
  publisher    = {Public Library of Science},
  title        = {{Multiple alignment of His3 orthologues}},
  doi          = {10.1371/journal.pgen.1008079.s010},
  year         = {2019},
}

@phdthesis{6179,
  abstract     = {In the first part of this thesis we consider large random matrices with arbitrary expectation and a general slowly decaying correlation among its entries. We prove universality of the local eigenvalue statistics and optimal local laws for the resolvent in the bulk and edge regime. The main novel tool is a systematic diagrammatic control of a multivariate cumulant expansion.
In the second part we consider Wigner-type matrices and show that at any cusp singularity of the limiting eigenvalue distribution the local eigenvalue statistics are uni- versal and form a Pearcey process. Since the density of states typically exhibits only square root or cubic root cusp singularities, our work complements previous results on the bulk and edge universality and it thus completes the resolution of the Wigner- Dyson-Mehta universality conjecture for the last remaining universality type. Our analysis holds not only for exact cusps, but approximate cusps as well, where an ex- tended Pearcey process emerges. As a main technical ingredient we prove an optimal local law at the cusp, and extend the fast relaxation to equilibrium of the Dyson Brow- nian motion to the cusp regime.
In the third and final part we explore the entrywise linear statistics of Wigner ma- trices and identify the fluctuations for a large class of test functions with little regularity. This enables us to study the rectangular Young diagram obtained from the interlacing eigenvalues of the random matrix and its minor, and we find that, despite having the same limit, the fluctuations differ from those of the algebraic Young tableaux equipped with the Plancharel measure.},
  author       = {Schröder, Dominik J},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {375},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{From Dyson to Pearcey: Universal statistics in random matrix theory}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT:ISTA:th6179},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{6182,
  abstract     = {We consider large random matrices with a general slowly decaying correlation among its entries. We prove universality of the local eigenvalue statistics and optimal local laws for the resolvent away from the spectral edges, generalizing the recent result of Ajanki et al. [‘Stability of the matrix Dyson equation and random matrices with correlations’, Probab. Theory Related Fields 173(1–2) (2019), 293–373] to allow slow correlation decay and arbitrary expectation. The main novel tool is
a systematic diagrammatic control of a multivariate cumulant expansion.},
  author       = {Erdös, László and Krüger, Torben H and Schröder, Dominik J},
  issn         = {2050-5094},
  journal      = {Forum of Mathematics, Sigma},
  publisher    = {Cambridge University Press},
  title        = {{Random matrices with slow correlation decay}},
  doi          = {10.1017/fms.2019.2},
  volume       = {7},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{6186,
  abstract     = {We prove that the local eigenvalue statistics of real symmetric Wigner-type
matrices near the cusp points of the eigenvalue density are universal. Together
with the companion paper [arXiv:1809.03971], which proves the same result for
the complex Hermitian symmetry class, this completes the last remaining case of
the Wigner-Dyson-Mehta universality conjecture after bulk and edge
universalities have been established in the last years. We extend the recent
Dyson Brownian motion analysis at the edge [arXiv:1712.03881] to the cusp
regime using the optimal local law from [arXiv:1809.03971] and the accurate
local shape analysis of the density from [arXiv:1506.05095, arXiv:1804.07752].
We also present a PDE-based method to improve the estimate on eigenvalue
rigidity via the maximum principle of the heat flow related to the Dyson
Brownian motion.},
  author       = {Cipolloni, Giorgio and Erdös, László and Krüger, Torben H and Schröder, Dominik J},
  issn         = {2578-5885},
  journal      = {Pure and Applied Analysis },
  number       = {4},
  pages        = {615–707},
  publisher    = {MSP},
  title        = {{Cusp universality for random matrices, II: The real symmetric case}},
  doi          = {10.2140/paa.2019.1.615},
  volume       = {1},
  year         = {2019},
}

@inproceedings{7479,
  abstract     = {Multi-exit architectures, in which a stack of processing layers is interleaved with early output layers, allow the processing of a test example to stop early and thus save computation time and/or energy.  In this work, we propose a new training procedure for multi-exit architectures based on the principle of knowledge distillation. The method encourage searly exits to mimic later, more accurate exits, by matching their output probabilities.
Experiments  on  CIFAR100  and  ImageNet  show  that distillation-based training significantly improves the accuracy of early exits while maintaining state-of-the-art accuracy  for  late  ones.   The  method  is  particularly  beneficial when  training  data  is  limited  and  it  allows  a  straightforward extension to semi-supervised learning,i.e. making use of unlabeled data at training time. Moreover, it takes only afew lines to implement and incurs almost no computational overhead at training time, and none at all at test time.},
  author       = {Bui Thi Mai, Phuong and Lampert, Christoph},
  booktitle    = {IEEE International Conference on Computer Vision},
  isbn         = {9781728148038},
  issn         = {1550-5499},
  location     = {Seoul, Korea},
  pages        = {1355--1364},
  publisher    = {IEEE},
  title        = {{Distillation-based training for multi-exit architectures}},
  doi          = {10.1109/ICCV.2019.00144},
  volume       = {2019-October},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{22454,
  abstract     = {Direct quantification of terrestrial biosphere responses to global change is crucial for projections of future climate change in Earth system models. Here, we synthesized ecosystem carbon-cycling data from 1,119 experiments performed over the past four decades concerning changes in temperature, precipitation, CO2 and nitrogen across major terrestrial vegetation types of the world. Most experiments manipulated single rather than multiple global change drivers in temperate ecosystems of the USA, Europe and China. The magnitudes of warming and elevated CO2 treatments were consistent with the ranges of future projections, whereas those of precipitation changes and nitrogen inputs often exceeded the projected ranges. Increases in global change drivers consistently accelerated, but decreased precipitation slowed down carbon-cycle processes. Nonlinear (including synergistic and antagonistic) effects among global change drivers were rare. Belowground carbon allocation responded negatively to increased precipitation and nitrogen addition and positively to decreased precipitation and elevated CO2. The sensitivities of carbon variables to multiple global change drivers depended on the background climate and ecosystem condition, suggesting that Earth system models should be evaluated using site-specific conditions for best uses of this large dataset. Together, this synthesis underscores an urgent need to explore the interactions among multiple global change drivers in underrepresented regions such as semi-arid ecosystems, forests in the tropics and subtropics, and Arctic tundra when forecasting future terrestrial carbon-climate feedback.},
  author       = {Song, Jian and Wan, Shiqiang and Piao, Shilong and Knapp, Alan K. and Classen, Aimée T. and Vicca, Sara and Ciais, Philippe and Hovenden, Mark J. and Leuzinger, Sebastian and Beier, Claus and Kardol, Paul and Xia, Jianyang and Liu, Qiang and Ru, Jingyi and Zhou, Zhenxing and Luo, Yiqi and Guo, Dali and Adam Langley, J. and Zscheischler, Jakob and Dukes, Jeffrey S. and Tang, Jianwu and Chen, Jiquan and Hofmockel, Kirsten S. and Kueppers, Lara M. and Rustad, Lindsey and Liu, Lingli and Smith, Melinda D. and Templer, Pamela H. and Quinn Thomas, R. and Norby, Richard J. and Phillips, Richard P. and Niu, Shuli and Fatichi, Simone and Wang, Yingping and Shao, Pengshuai and Han, Hongyan and Wang, Dandan and Lei, Lingjie and Wang, Jiali and Li, Xiaona and Zhang, Qian and Li, Xiaoming and Su, Fanglong and Liu, Bin and Yang, Fan and Ma, Gaigai and Li, Guoyong and Liu, Yanchun and Liu, Yinzhan and Yang, Zhongling and Zhang, Kesheng and Miao, Yuan and Hu, Mengjun and Yan, Chuang and Zhang, Ang and Zhong, Mingxing and Hui, Yan and Li, Ying and Zheng, Mengmei},
  issn         = {2397-334X},
  journal      = {Nature Ecology & Evolution},
  number       = {9},
  pages        = {1309--1320},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{A meta-analysis of 1,119 manipulative experiments on terrestrial carbon-cycling responses to global change}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41559-019-0958-3},
  volume       = {3},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{22442,
  abstract     = {Mountainous running water ecosystems are vulnerable to climate change with major changes coming from warming temperatures. Species distribution will be affected and some species are anticipated to be winners (increasing their range) or losers (at risk of extinction). Climate change vulnerability is seldom integrated when assessing threat status for lists of species at risk (Red Lists), even though this might appear an important addition in the current context. The main objective of our study was to assess the potential vulnerability of Ephemeroptera (E), Plecoptera (P) and Trichoptera (T) species to global warming in a Swiss mountainous region by supplementing Species Distribution Models (SDMs) with a trait-based approach, using available historical occurrence and environmental data and to compare our outcomes with the Swiss National Red List. First, we used nine different modelling techniques and topographic, land use, climatic and hydrological variables as predictors of EPT species distribution. The shape of the response curves of the species for the environmental variables in the nine modelling techniques, together with three biological and ecological traits were used to assess the potential vulnerability of each species to climate change. The joint use of SDMs and trait approach appeared complementary and even though discrepancies were highlighted between SDMs and trait analyses, groups of potential “winners” and “losers” were raised out. Plecoptera appeared as the most vulnerable group to global warming. Divergences between current threat status of species and our results pointed out the need to integrate climate change vulnerability in Red List assessments.},
  author       = {Besacier Monbertrand, Anne-Laure and Timoner, Pablo and Rahman, Kazi and Burlando, Paolo and Fatichi, Simone and Gonseth, Yves and Moser, Frédéric and Castella, Emmanuel and Lehmann, Anthony},
  issn         = {2073-4441},
  journal      = {Water},
  keywords     = {Species Distribution Models, ensemble forecasting, Swiss Alps, climate change, red lists},
  number       = {4},
  publisher    = {MDPI},
  title        = {{Assessing the vulnerability of aquatic macroinvertebrates to climate warming in a mountainous watershed: Supplementing presence-only data with species traits}},
  doi          = {10.3390/w11040636},
  volume       = {11},
  year         = {2019},
}

@inproceedings{6677,
  abstract     = {The Fiat-Shamir heuristic transforms a public-coin interactive proof into a non-interactive argument, by replacing the verifier with a cryptographic hash function that is applied to the protocol’s transcript. Constructing hash functions for which this transformation is sound is a central and long-standing open question in cryptography.

We show that solving the END−OF−METERED−LINE problem is no easier than breaking the soundness of the Fiat-Shamir transformation when applied to the sumcheck protocol. In particular, if the transformed protocol is sound, then any hard problem in #P gives rise to a hard distribution in the class CLS, which is contained in PPAD. Our result opens up the possibility of sampling moderately-sized games for which it is hard to find a Nash equilibrium, by reducing the inversion of appropriately chosen one-way functions to #SAT.

Our main technical contribution is a stateful incrementally verifiable procedure that, given a SAT instance over n variables, counts the number of satisfying assignments. This is accomplished via an exponential sequence of small steps, each computable in time poly(n). Incremental verifiability means that each intermediate state includes a sumcheck-based proof of its correctness, and the proof can be updated and verified in time poly(n).},
  author       = {Choudhuri, Arka Rai and Hubáček, Pavel and Kamath Hosdurg, Chethan and Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z and Rosen, Alon and Rothblum, Guy N.},
  booktitle    = {Proceedings of the 51st Annual ACM SIGACT Symposium on Theory of Computing  - STOC 2019},
  isbn         = {9781450367059},
  location     = {Phoenix, AZ, United States},
  pages        = {1103--1114},
  publisher    = {ACM},
  title        = {{Finding a Nash equilibrium is no easier than breaking Fiat-Shamir}},
  doi          = {10.1145/3313276.3316400},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{22571,
  abstract     = {Urban heat islands (UHIs) exacerbate the risk of heat-related mortality associated with global climate change. The intensity of UHIs varies with population size and mean annual precipitation, but a unifying explanation for this variation is lacking, and there are no geographically targeted guidelines for heat mitigation. Here we analyse summertime differences between urban and rural surface temperatures (ΔTs) worldwide and find a nonlinear increase in ΔTs with precipitation that is controlled by water or energy limitations on evapotranspiration and that modulates the scaling of ΔTs with city size. We introduce a coarse-grained model that links population, background climate, and UHI intensity, and show that urban–rural differences in evapotranspiration and convection efficiency are the main determinants of warming. The direct implication of these nonlinearities is that mitigation strategies aimed at increasing green cover and albedo are more efficient in dry regions, whereas the challenge of cooling tropical cities will require innovative solutions.},
  author       = {Manoli, Gabriele and Fatichi, Simone and Schläpfer, Markus and Yu, Kailiang and Crowther, Thomas W. and Meili, Naika and Burlando, Paolo and Katul, Gabriel G. and Bou-Zeid, Elie},
  issn         = {1476-4687},
  journal      = {Nature},
  pages        = {55--60},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Magnitude of urban heat islands largely explained by climate and population}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41586-019-1512-9},
  volume       = {573},
  year         = {2019},
}

@article{22527,
  abstract     = {Mountain ecosystems are experiencing rapid warming resulting in ecological changes worldwide. Projecting the response of these ecosystems to climate change is thus crucial, but also uncertain due to complex interactions between topography, climate, and vegetation. Here, we performed numerical simulations in a real and a synthetic spatial domain covering a range of contrasting climatic conditions and vegetation characteristics representative of the European Alps. Simulations were run with the mechanistic ecohydrological model Tethys–Chloris to quantify the drivers of ecosystem functioning and to explore the vulnerability of Alpine ecosystems to climate change. We correlated the spatial distribution of ecohydrological responses with that of meteorological and topographic attributes and computed spatially explicit sensitivities of net primary productivity, transpiration, and snow cover to air temperature, radiation, and water availability. We also quantified how the variance in several ecohydrological processes, such as transpiration, quickly diminishes with increasing spatial aggregation, which highlights the importance of fine spatial resolution for resolving patterns in complex topographies. We conducted controlled numerical experiments in the synthetic domain to disentangle the effect of catchment orientation on ecohydrological variables, such as streamflow. Our results support previous studies reporting an altitude threshold below which Alpine ecosystems are water‐limited in the drier inner‐Alpine valleys and confirm that the wetter areas are temperature‐limited. High‐resolution simulations of mountainous areas can improve our understanding of ecosystem functioning across spatial scales. They can also locate the areas that are the most vulnerable to climate change and guide future measurement campaigns.},
  author       = {Mastrotheodoros, Theodoros and Pappas, Christoforos and Molnar, Peter and Burlando, Paolo and Hadjidoukas, Panagiotis and Fatichi, Simone},
  issn         = {1936-0592},
  journal      = {Ecohydrology},
  keywords     = {Alpine ecohydrology, Climate change, Ecosystem sensitivity, Numerical modelling, Spatialheterogeneity},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Ecohydrological dynamics in the Alps: Insights from a modelling analysis of the spatial variability}},
  doi          = {10.1002/eco.2054},
  volume       = {12},
  year         = {2019},
}

