@article{19529,
  abstract     = {NRF2 is a transcription factor responsible for coordinating the expression of over a thousand cytoprotective genes. Although NRF2 is constitutively expressed, its stability is modulated by the redox-sensitive protein KEAP1 and other conditional binding partner regulators. The new era of NRF2 research has highlighted the cooperation between NRF2 and PIN1 in modifying its cytoprotective effect. Despite numerous studies, the understanding of the PIN1-NRF2 interaction remains limited. Herein, we described the binding interaction of PIN1 and three different 14-mer long phospho-peptides mimicking NRF2 protein using computer-based, biophysical, and biochemical approaches. According to our computational analyses, the residues positioned in the WW domain of PIN1 (Ser16, Arg17, Ser18, Tyr23, Ser32, Gln33, and Trp34) were found to be crucial for PIN1-NRF2 interactions. Biophysical FP assays were used to verify the computational prediction. The data demonstrated that Pintide, a peptide predominantly interacting with the PIN1 WW-domain, led to a significant reduction in the binding affinity of the NRF2 mimicking peptides. Moreover, we evaluated the impact of known PIN1 inhibitors (juglone, KPT-6566, and EGCG) on the PIN1-NRF2 interaction. Among the inhibitors, KPT-6566 showed the most potent inhibitory effect on PIN1-NRF2 interaction within an IC<jats:sub>50</jats:sub> range of 0.3–1.4 µM. Furthermore, our mass spectrometry analyses showed that KPT-6566 appeared to covalently modify PIN1 via conjugate addition, rather than disulfide exchange of the sulfonyl-acetate moiety. Altogether, such inhibitors would also be highly valuable molecular probes for further investigation of PIN1 regulation of NRF2 in the cellular context and potentially pave the way for drug molecules that specifically inhibit the cytoprotective effects of NRF2 in cancer.},
  author       = {Ozleyen, Adem and Duran, Gizem Nur and Dönmez, Serhat and Ozbil, Mehmet and Doveston, Richard G. and Tumer, Tugba Boyunegmez},
  issn         = {2045-2322},
  journal      = {Scientific Reports},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Identification and inhibition of PIN1-NRF2 protein–protein interactions through computational and biophysical approaches}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41598-025-89342-0},
  volume       = {15},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19531,
  abstract     = {In standard quantum electrodynamics (QED), the so-called non-minimal (Pauli) coupling is suppressed for elementary particles and has no physical implications. Here, we show that the Pauli term naturally appears in a known family of Dirac materials—the lead-halide perovskites, suggesting a novel playground for the study of analog QED effects. We outline measurable manifestations of the Pauli term in the phenomena pertaining to (i) relativistic corrections to bound states (ii) the Klein paradox, and (iii) spin effects in scattering. In particular, we demonstrate that (a) the binding energy of an electron in the vicinity of a positively charged defect is noticeably decreased due to the polarizability of lead ions and the appearance of a Darwin-like term, (b) strong spin-orbit coupling due to the Pauli term affects the exciton states, and (c) scattering of an electron off an energy barrier with broken mirror symmetry produces spin polarization in the outgoing current. Our study adds to the understanding of quantum phenomena in lead-halide perovskites and paves the way for tabletop simulations of analog Dirac-Pauli equations.},
  author       = {Shiva Kumar, Abhishek and Maslov, Mikhail and Lemeshko, Mikhail and Volosniev, Artem and Alpichshev, Zhanybek},
  issn         = {2397-4648},
  journal      = {npj Quantum Materials},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Massive Dirac-Pauli physics in lead-halide perovskites}},
  doi          = {10.1038/s41535-025-00754-7},
  volume       = {10},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{19540,
  abstract     = {This thesis deals with several different models for complex quantum mechanical systems and is structured in three main parts. 
	
In Part I, we study mean field random matrices as models for quantum Hamiltonians. Our focus lies on proving concentration estimates for resolvents of random matrices, so-called local laws, mostly in the setting of multiple resolvents. These estimates have profound consequences for eigenvector overlaps and thermalization problems. More concretely, we obtain, e.g., the optimal eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) uniformly in the spectrum for Wigner matrices, an optimal lower bound on non-Hermitian eigenvector overlaps, and prethermalization for deformed Wigner matrices.	In order to prove our novel multi-resolvent local laws, we develop and devise two main methods, the static Psi-method and the dynamical Zigzag strategy. 
	
In Part II, we study Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) theory, the standard mean field microscopic theory of superconductivity. We focus on asymptotic formulas for the characteristic critical temperature and energy gap of a superconductor and prove universality of their ratio in various physical regimes. Additionally, we investigate multi-band superconductors and show that inter-band coupling effects can only enhance the critical temperature. 
	
In Part III, we study quantum lattice systems. On the one hand, we show a strong version of the local-perturbations-perturb-locally (LPPL) principle for the ground state of weakly interacting quantum spin systems with a uniform on-site gap. On the other hand, we introduce a notion of a local gap and rigorously justify response theory and the Kubo formula under the weakened assumption of a local gap. 
	
Additionally, we discuss two classes of problems which do not fit into the three main parts of the thesis. These are deformational rigidity of Liouville metrics on the torus and relativistic toy models of particle creation via interior-boundary-conditions (IBCs).  },
  author       = {Henheik, Sven Joscha},
  isbn         = {978-3-99078-057-2},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {720},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Modeling complex quantum systems : Random matrices, BCS theory, and quantum lattice systems}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-19540},
  year         = {2025},
}

@unpublished{19546,
  abstract     = {We study the sensitivity of the eigenvectors of random matrices, showing that
even small perturbations make the eigenvectors almost orthogonal. More
precisely, we consider two deformed Wigner matrices $W+D_1$, $W+D_2$ and show
that their bulk eigenvectors become asymptotically orthogonal as soon as
$\mathrm{Tr}(D_1-D_2)^2\gg 1$, or their respective energies are separated on a
scale much bigger than the local eigenvalue spacing. Furthermore, we show that
quadratic forms of eigenvectors of $W+D_1$, $W+D_2$ with any deterministic
matrix $A\in\mathbf{C}^{N\times N}$ in a specific subspace of codimension one
are of size $N^{-1/2}$. This proves a generalization of the Eigenstate
Thermalization Hypothesis to eigenvectors belonging to two different spectral
families.},
  author       = {Cipolloni, Giorgio and Erdös, László and Henheik, Sven Joscha and Kolupaiev, Oleksii},
  booktitle    = {arXiv},
  title        = {{Eigenvector decorrelation for random matrices}},
  doi          = {10.48550/arXiv.2410.10718},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19548,
  abstract     = {We consider the BCS energy gap „.T / (essentially given by „.T /  .T; p/,
the BCS order parameter) at all temperatures 0  T  Tc up to the critical one, Tc, and show
that, in the limit of weak coupling, the ratio „.T /=Tc is given by a universal function of the relative temperature T =Tc. On the one hand, this recovers a recent result by Langmann and Triola
[Phys. Rev. B 108 (2023), no. 10, article no. 104503] on three-dimensional s-wave superconductors for temperatures bounded uniformly away from Tc. On the other hand, our result lifts these
restrictions, as we consider arbitrary spatial dimensions d 2 ¹1; 2; 3º, discuss superconductors
with non-zero angular momentum (primarily in two dimensions), and treat the perhaps physically most interesting (due to the occurrence of the superconducting phase transition) regime of
temperatures close to Tc.

​
 .},
  author       = {Henheik, Sven Joscha and Lauritsen, Asbjørn Bækgaard},
  issn         = {1664-0403},
  journal      = {Journal of Spectral Theory},
  number       = {1},
  pages        = {305–352},
  publisher    = {EMS Press},
  title        = {{Universal behavior of the BCS energy gap}},
  doi          = {10.4171/JST/540},
  volume       = {15},
  year         = {2025},
}

@unpublished{19552,
  abstract     = {Particle creation terms in quantum Hamiltonians are usually ultraviolet
divergent and thus mathematically ill defined. A rather novel way of solving
this problem is based on imposing so-called interior-boundary conditions on the
wave function. Previous papers showed that this approach works in the
non-relativistic regime, but particle creation is mostly relevant in the
relativistic case after all. In flat relativistic space-time (that is,
neglecting gravity), the approach was previously found to work only for certain
somewhat artificial cases. Here, as a way of taking gravity into account, we
consider curved space-time, specifically the super-critical
Reissner-Nordstr\"om space-time, which features a naked timelike singularity.
We find that the interior-boundary approach works fully in this setting; in
particular, we prove rigorously the existence of well-defined, self-adjoint
Hamiltonians with particle creation at the singularity, based on
interior-boundary conditions. We also non-rigorously analyze the asymptotic
behavior of the Bohmian trajectories and construct the corresponding Bohm-Bell
process of particle creation, motion, and annihilation. The upshot is that in
quantum physics, a naked space-time singularity need not lead to a breakdown of
physical laws, but on the contrary allows for boundary conditions governing
what comes out of the singularity and thereby removing the ultraviolet
divergence.},
  author       = {Henheik, Sven Joscha and Poudyal, Bipul and Tumulka, Roderich},
  booktitle    = {arXiv},
  title        = {{How a space-time singularity helps remove the ultraviolet divergence problem}},
  doi          = {10.48550/arXiv.2409.00677},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19554,
  abstract     = {In 1981, Karp and Sipser proved a law of large numbers for the matching number of a sparse Erdős–Rényi random graph, in an influential paper pioneering the so-called differential equation method for analysis of random graph processes. Strengthening this classical result, and answering a question of Aronson, Frieze and Pittel, we prove a central limit theorem in the same setting: the fluctuations in the matching number of a sparse random graph are asymptotically Gaussian. Our new contribution is to prove this central limit theorem in the subcritical and critical regimes, according to a celebrated algorithmic phase transition first observed by Karp and Sipser. Indeed, in the supercritical regime, a central limit theorem has recently been proved in the PhD thesis of Kreačić, using a stochastic generalisation of the differential equation method (comparing the so-called Karp–Sipser process to a system of stochastic differential equations). Our proof builds on these methods, and introduces new techniques to handle certain degeneracies present in the subcritical and critical cases. Curiously, our new techniques lead to a non-constructive result: we are able to characterise the fluctuations of the matching number around its mean, despite these fluctuations being much smaller than the error terms in our best estimates of the mean. We also prove a central limit theorem for the rank of the adjacency matrix of a sparse random graph.},
  author       = {Glasgow, Margalit and Kwan, Matthew Alan and Sah, Ashwin and Sawhney, Mehtaab},
  issn         = {1469-7750},
  journal      = {Journal of the London Mathematical Society},
  number       = {4},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{A central limit theorem for the matching number of a sparse random graph}},
  doi          = {10.1112/jlms.70101},
  volume       = {111},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19555,
  abstract     = {The charged arginine side chain is unique in determining many innate properties of proteins, contributing to stability and interaction surfaces, and directing allosteric regulation and enzymatic catalysis. NMR experiments can be used to reveal these processes at the molecular level, but it often requires selective insertion of carbon-13, nitrogen-15, and deuterium at defined atomic positions. We introduce a method to endow arginine residues with defined isotope patterns, combining synthetic organic chemistry and cell-based protein overexpression. The resulting proteins feature NMR active spin systems with optimized relaxation pathways leading to simplified NMR spectra with a sensitive response to changes in the chemical environment of the nuclei observed.},
  author       = {Rohden, Darja and Toscano, Giorgia and Schanda, Paul and Lichtenecker, Roman J.},
  issn         = {1521-3765},
  journal      = {Chemistry - A European Journal},
  number       = {24},
  publisher    = {Wiley},
  title        = {{Synthesis of selectively 13C/2H/15N- labeled arginine to probe protein conformation and interaction by NMR spectroscopy}},
  doi          = {10.1002/chem.202500408},
  volume       = {31},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{19557,
  author       = {Schwarz, Lena A},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {124},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Mapping developmental dynamics of autism spectrum disorder mouse models at single-cell resolution}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-19557},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19565,
  abstract     = {Measuring distances in a multidimensional setting is a challenging problem, which appears in many fields of science and engineering. In this paper, to measure the distance between two multivariate distributions, we introduce a new measure of discrepancy which is scale invariant and which, in the case of two independent copies of the same distribution, and after normalization, coincides with the scaling invariant multidimensional version of the Gini index recently proposed in [P. Giudici, E. Raffinetti and G. Toscani, Measuring multidimensional inequality: A new proposal based on the Fourier transform, preprint (2024), arXiv:2401.14012 ]. A byproduct of the analysis is an easy-to-handle discrepancy metric, obtained by application of the theory to a pair of Gaussian multidimensional densities. The obtained metric does improve the standard metrics, based on the mean squared error, as it is scale invariant. The importance of this theoretical finding is illustrated by means of a real problem that concerns measuring the importance of Environmental, Social and Governance factors for the growth of small and medium enterprises. },
  author       = {Auricchio, Gennaro and Brigati, Giovanni and Giudici, Paolo and Toscani, Giuseppe},
  issn         = {1793-6314},
  journal      = {Mathematical Models and Methods in Applied Sciences},
  number       = {5},
  pages        = {1267--1296},
  publisher    = {World Scientific Publishing},
  title        = {{Multivariate Gini-type discrepancies}},
  doi          = {10.1142/s0218202525500174},
  volume       = {35},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19566,
  abstract     = {Purpose: Optic nerve crush (ONC) is a model for studying optic nerve trauma. Unilateral ONC induces massive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration in the affected eye, leading to vision loss within a month. A common assumption has been that the non-injured contralateral eye is unaffected due to the minimal retino-retinal projections of the RGCs at the chiasm. Yet, recently, microglia, the brain-resident macrophages, have shown a responsive phenotype in the contralateral eye after ONC. Whether RGC loss accompanies this phenotype is still controversial.

Methods: Using the available RGCode algorithm and developing our own RGC-Quant deep-learning-based tool, we quantify RGC's total number and density across the entire retina after ONC.

Results: We confirm a short-term microglia response in the contralateral eye after ONC, but this did not affect the microglia number. Furthermore, we cannot confirm the previously reported RGC loss between naïve and contralateral retinas 5 weeks after ONC induction across the commonly used Cx3cr1creERT2 and C57BL6/J mouse models. Neither sex nor the direct comparison of the RGC markers Brn3a and RBPMS, with Brn3a co-labeling, on average, 89% of the RBPMS+-cells, explained this discrepancy, suggesting that the early microglia-responsive phenotype does not have immediate consequences on the RGC number.

Conclusions: Our results corroborate that unilateral optic nerve injury elicits a microglial response in the uninjured contralateral eye but without RGC loss. Therefore, the contralateral eye should be treated separately and not as an ONC control.},
  author       = {Schoot Uiterkamp, Florianne E and Maes, Margaret E and Alamalhoda, Mohammad and Firoozi, Arsalan and Colombo, Gloria and Siegert, Sandra},
  issn         = {1552-5783},
  journal      = {Investigative Ophthalmology & Visual Science},
  number       = {3},
  publisher    = {Association for Research in Vision and Ophthalmology},
  title        = {{Optic nerve crush does not induce retinal ganglion cell loss in the contralateral eye}},
  doi          = {10.1167/iovs.66.3.49},
  volume       = {66},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19585,
  abstract     = {Air quality in northern South America faces significant challenges due to insufficient high-resolution emission inventories and sparse atmospheric studies. This study addresses these gaps by developing a novel framework that integrates high-resolution nighttime light data from SDGSAT-1 and multisource remote sensing datasets with deep learning techniques to downscale emission inventories. The refined inventories are coupled with meteorological inputs into the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF-Chem) model, enabling precise simulation of pollutant dynamics. Validated against ground measurements from Colombia's SISAIRE monitoring network, demonstrates significant improvements in spatiotemporal accuracy, particularly for particulate matter (PM) and nitrogen dioxide (NO₂) with error reductions of 22–30 % and correlation coefficients increasing from 0.68 to 0.85. These findings underscore the critical role of satellite-enhanced inventories in resolving localized emission patterns and seasonal variability, such as dry-season PM₁₀ spikes (150 % increase from wildfires). The framework provides policymakers with actionable insights to prioritize mitigation in rapidly urbanizing regions and manage transboundary pollution. By bridging data scarcity gaps, this replicable methodology offers transformative potential for global air quality management and public health protection, advocating for expanded ground monitoring networks and real-time satellite data integration in future applications.},
  author       = {Antezana-Lopez, Franz and Casallas Garcia, Alejandro and Zhou, Guanhua and Zhang, Kai and Jing, Guifei and Ali, Aamir and Lopez-Barrera, Ellie and Belalcazar, Luis Carlos and Rojas, Nestor and Jiang, Hongzhi},
  issn         = {1879-0704},
  journal      = {Remote Sensing of Environment},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{High-resolution anthropogenic emission inventories with deep learning in northern South America}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.rse.2025.114761},
  volume       = {324},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19593,
  abstract     = {Prenatal immune challenges pose significant risks to human embryonic brain and eye development. However, our knowledge about the safe usage of anti-inflammatory drugs during pregnancy is still limited. While human induced pluripotent stem cells (hIPSC)-derived brain organoid models have started to explore functional consequences upon viral stimulation, these models commonly lack microglia, which are susceptible to and promote inflammation. Furthermore, microglia are actively involved in neuronal development. Here, we generate hIPSC-derived microglia precursor cells and assemble them into retinal organoids. Once the outer plexiform layer forms, these hIPSC-derived microglia (iMG) fully integrate into the retinal organoids. Since the ganglion cell survival declines by this time in 3D-retinal organoids, we adapted the model into 2D and identify that the improved ganglion cell number significantly decreases only with iMG presence. In parallel, we applied the immunostimulant POLY(I:C) to mimic a fetal viral infection. While POLY(I:C) exposure alters the iMG phenotype, it does not hinder their interaction with ganglion cells. Furthermore, iMG significantly enhance the supernatant’s inflammatory secretome and increase retinal cell proliferation. Simultaneous exposure with the non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) ibuprofen dampens POLY(I:C)-mediated changes of the iMG phenotype and ameliorates cell proliferation. Remarkably, while POLY(I:C) disrupts neuronal calcium dynamics independent of iMG, ibuprofen rescues this effect only if iMG are present. Mechanistically, ibuprofen targets the enzymes cyclooxygenase 1 and 2 (COX1/PTGS1 and COX2/PTGS2) simultaneously, from which iMG mainly express COX1. Selective COX1 blockage fails to restore the calcium peak amplitude upon POLY(I:C) stimulation, suggesting ibuprofen’s beneficial effect depends on the presence and interplay of COX1 and COX2. These findings underscore the importance of microglia in the context of prenatal immune challenges and provide insight into the mechanisms by which ibuprofen exerts its protective effects during embryonic development.},
  author       = {Hübschmann, Verena and Korkut, Medina and Venturino, Alessandro and Maya-Arteaga, Juan Pablo and Siegert, Sandra},
  issn         = {1742-2094},
  journal      = {Journal of Neuroinflammation},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Microglia determine an immune-challenged environment and facilitate ibuprofen action in human retinal organoids}},
  doi          = {10.1186/s12974-025-03366-x},
  volume       = {22},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19594,
  abstract     = {In this issue of Developmental Cell, Lee et al. identify a pivotal role for glutathione (GSH) in plant regeneration, a vital biological process enabling plants to regrow tissues and organs after injury. Applying single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) and live imaging, the authors demonstrate that GSH, released upon tissue damage, accelerates cell-cycle transitions, particularly shortening the G1 phase, thereby facilitating efficient organ regeneration.},
  author       = {Benková, Eva},
  issn         = {1878-1551},
  journal      = {Developmental Cell},
  number       = {8},
  pages        = {1137--1139},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Unlocking plant regeneration: The role for glutathione}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.devcel.2025.03.012},
  volume       = {60},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19595,
  abstract     = {We investigate the locality of magnetic response in polycyclic aromatic molecules using a novel deep-learning approach. Our method employs graph neural networks (GNNs) with a graph-of-rings representation to predict nucleus independent chemical shifts (NICS) in the space around the molecule. We train a series of models, each time reducing the size of the largest molecules used in training. The accuracy of prediction remains high (MAE < 0.5 ppm), even when training the model only on molecules with up to four rings, thus providing strong evidence for the locality of magnetic response. To overcome the known problem of generalization of GNNs, we implement a k-hop expansion strategy and succeed in achieving accurate predictions for molecules with up to 15 rings (almost 4 times the size of the largest training example). Our findings have implications for understanding the magnetic response in complex molecules and demonstrate a promising approach to overcoming GNN scalability limitations. Furthermore, the trained models enable rapid characterization, without the need for more expensive DFT calculations.},
  author       = {Davidson, Yair and Philipp, Aviad and Chakraborty, Sabyasachi and Bronstein, Alexander and Gershoni-Poranne, Renana},
  issn         = {1089-7690},
  journal      = {Journal of Chemical Physics},
  number       = {14},
  publisher    = {AIP Publishing},
  title        = {{How local is “local”? Deep learning reveals locality of the induced magnetic field of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons}},
  doi          = {10.1063/5.0257558},
  volume       = {162},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19596,
  abstract     = {We report the spectroscopic discovery of a massive quiescent galaxy at zspec = 7.29 ± 0.01, just ∼700 Myr after the big bang. RUBIES-UDS-QG-z7 was selected from public JWST/NIRCam and MIRI imaging from the PRIMER survey and observed with JWST/NIRSpec as part of RUBIES. The NIRSpec/PRISM spectrum reveals one of the strongest Balmer breaks observed thus far at z > 6, with no emission lines but tentative Balmer and Ca absorption features, as well as a Lyman break. Simultaneous modeling of the NIRSpec/PRISM spectrum and NIRCam and MIRI photometry (spanning 0.9–18 μm) shows that the galaxy formed a stellar mass of
(math. formular) before z ∼ 8 and ceased forming stars 50–100 Myr prior to the time of observation, resulting in log (sSFR/Gyr- 1) < -1 . We measure a small physical size of (math formular) , which implies a high stellarmass surface density within the effective radius of (math formular) comparable to the highest densities measured in quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 2–5. The 3D stellar-mass density profile of RUBIES-UDS-QG-z7 is remarkably similar to the central densities of local massive ellipticals, suggesting that at least some of their cores may have already been in place at z > 7. The discovery of RUBIES-UDS-QG-z7 has strong implications for galaxy formation models: the estimated number density of quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 7 is >100 × larger than predicted from any model to date, indicating that quiescent galaxies have formed earlier than previously expected. },
  author       = {Weibel, Andrea and De Graaff, Anna and Setton, David J. and Miller, Tim B. and Oesch, Pascal A. and Brammer, Gabriel and Lagos, Claudia D.P. and Whitaker, Katherine E. and Williams, Christina C. and Baggen, Josephine F.W. and Bezanson, Rachel and Boogaard, Leindert A. and Cleri, Nikko J. and Greene, Jenny E. and Hirschmann, Michaela and Hviding, Raphael E. and Kuruvanthodi, Adarsh and Labbé, Ivo and Leja, Joel and Maseda, Michael V. and Matthee, Jorryt J and Mcconachie, Ian and Naidu, Rohan P. and Roberts-Borsani, Guido and Schaerer, Daniel and Suess, Katherine A. and Valentino, Francesco and Van Dokkum, Pieter and Wang, Bingjie},
  issn         = {1538-4357},
  journal      = {The Astrophysical Journal},
  number       = {1},
  publisher    = {IOP Publishing},
  title        = {{RUBIES reveals a massive quiescent galaxy at z = 7.3}},
  doi          = {10.3847/1538-4357/adab7a},
  volume       = {983},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19597,
  abstract     = {Superconductor–semiconductor hybrid systems play a crucial role in realizing nanoscale quantum devices, including hybrid qubits, Majorana bound states, and Kitaev chains. For such hybrid devices, subgap states play a prominent role in their operation. In this paper, we study these subgap states via Coulomb and tunneling spectroscopy through a superconducting island defined in a semiconductor nanowire fully coated by a superconductor. We systematically explore regimes ranging from an almost decoupled island to the open configuration. In the weak-coupling regime, the experimental observations are very similar in the absence of a magnetic field and when one flux quantum pierces the superconducting shell. Conversely, in the strong-coupling regime, significant distinctions emerge between the two cases. We attribute this distinct behavior to the existence of subgap states at one flux quantum, which become observable only for sufficiently strong coupling to the leads. We support our interpretation using a simple model to describe transport through the island. Our study highlights the importance of studying a broad range of tunnel couplings for understanding the rich physics of hybrid devices.},
  author       = {Valentini, Marco and Souto, Rubén Seoane and Borovkov, Maksim and Krogstrup, Peter and Meir, Yigal and Leijnse, Martin and Danon, Jeroen and Katsaros, Georgios},
  issn         = {2643-1564},
  journal      = {Physical Review Research},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {American Physical Society},
  title        = {{Subgap transport in superconductor-semiconductor hybrid islands: Weak and strong coupling regimes}},
  doi          = {10.1103/PhysRevResearch.7.023022},
  volume       = {7},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19598,
  abstract     = {We establish universal Gaussian fluctuations for the mesoscopic linear eigenvalue statistics in the vicinity of the cusp-like singularities of the limiting spectral density for Wigner-type random matrices. Prior to this work, the linear eigenvalue statistics at the cusp-like singularities were not studied in any ensemble. Our analysis covers not only the exact cusps but the entire transitionary regime from the square-root singularity at a regular edge through the sharp cusp to the bulk. We identify a new one-parameter family of functionals that govern the limiting bias and variance, continuously interpolating between the previously known formulas in the bulk and at a regular edge. Since cusps are the only possible singularities besides the regular edges, our result gives a complete description of the linear eigenvalue statistics in all regimes.},
  author       = {Riabov, Volodymyr},
  issn         = {1432-2064},
  journal      = {Probability Theory and Related Fields},
  pages        = {1183--1237},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Linear Eigenvalue statistics at the cusp}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s00440-025-01373-w},
  volume       = {193},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19599,
  abstract     = {Advances in nickel catalysis have significantly broadened the synthetic chemists’ toolbox, particularly through methodologies leveraging paramagnetic nickel species via photoredox catalysis or electrochemistry. Key to these reactions is the oxidation state modulation of nickel via single-electron transfer events. Recent mechanistic studies indicate that C(sp2)–heteroatom bond formations proceed through NiI/NiIII cycles. Related C(sp2)–C(sp3) cross-couplings operate via the photocatalytic generation of C-centered radicals and a catalytic cycle that involves Ni0, NiI, and NiIII species. Here, we show that light-mediated nickel-catalyzed C(sp2)–C(sp3) bond formations can be carried out without using exogenous photoredox catalysts but with a photoactive ligand. In a pursuit of expanding the scope of C(sp2)–heteroatom couplings using donor–acceptor ligands, we identified a photoactive nickel complex capable of catalyzing cross-couplings between aryl halides and benzyltrifluoroborate salts. Mechanistic investigations provide evidence that transmetalation between a photochemically generated NiI species and the organoboron compound is the key catalytic step in a NiI/NiIII catalytic cycle under these conditions.},
  author       = {Anghileri, Lucia and Baunis, Haralds and Bena, Aleksander and Giannoudis, Christos and Burke, John H. and Reischauer, Susanne and Merschjann, Christoph and Wallick, Rachel F. and Al Said, Tarek and Adams, Callum E and Simionato, Gianluca and Kovalenko, Sergey and Dell’Amico, Luca and Van Der Veen, Renske M. and Pieber, Bartholomäus},
  issn         = {1520-5126},
  journal      = {Journal of the American Chemical Society},
  number       = {16},
  pages        = {13169–13179},
  publisher    = {American Chemical Society},
  title        = {{Evidence for a unifying NiI/NiIII mechanism in light-mediated cross-coupling catalysis}},
  doi          = {10.1021/jacs.4c16050},
  volume       = {147},
  year         = {2025},
}

@inproceedings{19600,
  abstract     = {In this work, we explore route discovery in private payment channel networks. We first determine what “ideal" privacy for a routing protocol means in this setting. We observe that protocols achieving this strong privacy definition exist by leveraging Multi-Party Computation but they are inherently inefficient as they must involve the entire network. We then present protocols with weaker privacy guarantees but much better efficiency (involving only a small fraction of the nodes). The core idea is that both sender and receiver gossip a message which propagates through the network, and the moment any node in the network receives both messages, a path is found. In our first protocol the message is always sent to all neighbouring nodes with a delay proportional to the fees of that edge. In our second protocol the message is only sent to one neighbour chosen randomly with a probability proportional to its degree. We additionally propose a more realistic notion of privacy in order to measure the privacy leakage of our protocols in practice. Our realistic notion of privacy challenges an adversary that join the network with a fixed budget to create channels to guess the sender and receiver of a transaction upon receiving messages from our protocols. Simulations of our protocols on the Lightning network topology (for random transactions and uniform fees) show that 1) forming edges with high degree nodes is a more effective attack strategy for the adversary, 2) there is a tradeoff between the number of nodes involved in our protocols (privacy) and the optimality of the discovered path, and 3) our protocols involve a very small fraction of the network on average.},
  author       = {Avarikioti, Zeta and Bastankhah, Mahsa and Maddah-Ali, Mohammad Ali and Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z and Svoboda, Jakub and Yeo, Michelle X},
  booktitle    = {Computer Security. ESORICS 2024 International Workshops},
  isbn         = {9783031823480},
  issn         = {1611-3349},
  location     = {Bydgoszcz, Poland},
  pages        = {207--223},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Route discovery in private payment channel networks}},
  doi          = {10.1007/978-3-031-82349-7_15},
  volume       = {15263},
  year         = {2025},
}