@article{1486, abstract = {We review recent results concerning the mathematical properties of the Bardeen-Cooper-Schrieffer (BCS) functional of superconductivity, which were obtained in a series of papers, partly in collaboration with R. Frank, E. Hamza, S. Naboko, and J. P. Solovej. Our discussion includes, in particular, an investigation of the critical temperature for a general class of interaction potentials, as well as a study of its dependence on external fields. We shall explain how the Ginzburg-Landau model can be derived from the BCS theory in a suitable parameter regime.}, author = {Hainzl, Christian and Seiringer, Robert}, journal = {Journal of Mathematical Physics}, number = {2}, publisher = {American Institute of Physics}, title = {{The Bardeen–Cooper–Schrieffer functional of superconductivity and its mathematical properties}}, doi = {10.1063/1.4941723}, volume = {57}, year = {2016}, } @article{1487, abstract = {Rhythms with time scales of multiple cycles per second permeate the mammalian brain, yet neuroscientists are not certain of their functional roles. One leading idea is that coherent oscillation between two brain regions facilitates the exchange of information between them. In rats, the hippocampus and the vibrissal sensorimotor system both are characterized by rhythmic oscillation in the theta range, 5–12 Hz. Previous work has been divided as to whether the two rhythms are independent or coherent. To resolve this question, we acquired three measures from rats—whisker motion, hippocampal local field potential (LFP), and barrel cortex unit firing—during a whisker-mediated texture discrimination task and during control conditions (not engaged in a whisker-mediated memory task). Compared to control conditions, the theta band of hippocampal LFP showed a marked increase in power as the rats approached and then palpated the texture. Phase synchronization between whisking and hippocampal LFP increased by almost 50% during approach and texture palpation. In addition, a greater proportion of barrel cortex neurons showed firing that was phase-locked to hippocampal theta while rats were engaged in the discrimination task. Consistent with a behavioral consequence of phase synchronization, the rats identified the texture more rapidly and with lower error likelihood on trials in which there was an increase in theta-whisking coherence at the moment of texture palpation. These results suggest that coherence between the whisking rhythm, barrel cortex firing, and hippocampal LFP is augmented selectively during epochs in which the rat collects sensory information and that such coherence enhances the efficiency of integration of stimulus information into memory and decision-making centers.}, author = {Grion, Natalia and Akrami, Athena and Zuo, Yangfang and Stella, Federico and Diamond, Mathew}, journal = {PLoS Biology}, number = {2}, publisher = {Public Library of Science}, title = {{Coherence between rat sensorimotor system and hippocampus is enhanced during tactile discrimination}}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1002384}, volume = {14}, year = {2016}, } @article{1488, abstract = {Branching morphogenesis of the epithelial ureteric bud forms the renal collecting duct system and is critical for normal nephron number, while low nephron number is implicated in hypertension and renal disease. Ureteric bud growth and branching requires GDNF signaling from the surrounding mesenchyme to cells at the ureteric bud tips, via the Ret receptor tyrosine kinase and coreceptor Gfrα1; Ret signaling up-regulates transcription factors Etv4 and Etv5, which are also critical for branching. Despite extensive knowledge of the genetic control of these events, it is not understood, at the cellular level, how renal branching morphogenesis is achieved or how Ret signaling influences epithelial cell behaviors to promote this process. Analysis of chimeric embryos previously suggested a role for Ret signaling in promoting cell rearrangements in the nephric duct, but this method was unsuited to study individual cell behaviors during ureteric bud branching. Here, we use Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers (MADM), combined with organ culture and time-lapse imaging, to trace the movements and divisions of individual ureteric bud tip cells. We first examine wild-type clones and then Ret or Etv4 mutant/wild-type clones in which the mutant and wild-type sister cells are differentially and heritably marked by green and red fluorescent proteins. We find that, in normal kidneys, most individual tip cells behave as self-renewing progenitors, some of whose progeny remain at the tips while others populate the growing UB trunks. In Ret or Etv4 MADM clones, the wild-type cells generated at a UB tip are much more likely to remain at, or move to, the new tips during branching and elongation, while their Ret−/− or Etv4−/− sister cells tend to lag behind and contribute only to the trunks. By tracking successive mitoses in a cell lineage, we find that Ret signaling has little effect on proliferation, in contrast to its effects on cell movement. Our results show that Ret/Etv4 signaling promotes directed cell movements in the ureteric bud tips, and suggest a model in which these cell movements mediate branching morphogenesis.}, author = {Riccio, Paul and Cebrián, Cristina and Zong, Hui and Hippenmeyer, Simon and Costantini, Frank}, journal = {PLoS Biology}, number = {2}, publisher = {Public Library of Science}, title = {{Ret and Etv4 promote directed movements of progenitor cells during renal branching morphogenesis}}, doi = {10.1371/journal.pbio.1002382}, volume = {14}, year = {2016}, } @article{1489, abstract = {We prove optimal local law, bulk universality and non-trivial decay for the off-diagonal elements of the resolvent for a class of translation invariant Gaussian random matrix ensembles with correlated entries. }, author = {Ajanki, Oskari H and Erdös, László and Krüger, Torben H}, journal = {Journal of Statistical Physics}, number = {2}, pages = {280 -- 302}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{Local spectral statistics of Gaussian matrices with correlated entries}}, doi = {10.1007/s10955-016-1479-y}, volume = {163}, year = {2016}, } @article{1490, abstract = {To induce adaptive immunity, dendritic cells (DCs) migrate through afferent lymphatic vessels (LVs) to draining lymph nodes (dLNs). This process occurs in several consecutive steps. Upon entry into lymphatic capillaries, DCs first actively crawl into downstream collecting vessels. From there, they are next passively and rapidly transported to the dLN by lymph flow. Here, we describe a role for the chemokine CCL21 in intralymphatic DC crawling. Performing time-lapse imaging in murine skin, we found that blockade of CCL21-but not the absence of lymph flow-completely abolished DC migration from capillaries toward collecting vessels and reduced the ability of intralymphatic DCs to emigrate from skin. Moreover, we found that in vitro low laminar flow established a CCL21 gradient along lymphatic endothelial monolayers, thereby inducing downstream-directed DC migration. These findings reveal a role for intralymphatic CCL21 in promoting DC trafficking to dLNs, through the formation of a flow-induced gradient.}, author = {Russo, Erica and Teijeira, Alvaro and Vaahtomeri, Kari and Willrodt, Ann and Bloch, Joël and Nitschké, Maximilian and Santambrogio, Laura and Kerjaschki, Dontscho and Sixt, Michael K and Halin, Cornelia}, journal = {Cell Reports}, number = {7}, pages = {1723 -- 1734}, publisher = {Cell Press}, title = {{Intralymphatic CCL21 promotes tissue egress of dendritic cells through afferent lymphatic vessels}}, doi = {10.1016/j.celrep.2016.01.048}, volume = {14}, year = {2016}, } @article{1491, abstract = {We study the ground state of a trapped Bose gas, starting from the full many-body Schrödinger Hamiltonian, and derive the non-linear Schrödinger energy functional in the limit of a large particle number, when the interaction potential converges slowly to a Dirac delta function. Our method is based on quantitative estimates on the discrepancy between the full many-body energy and its mean-field approximation using Hartree states. These are proved using finite dimensional localization and a quantitative version of the quantum de Finetti theorem. Our approach covers the case of attractive interactions in the regime of stability. In particular, our main new result is a derivation of the 2D attractive non-linear Schrödinger ground state.}, author = {Lewin, Mathieu and Nam, Phan and Rougerie, Nicolas}, journal = {Transactions of the American Mathematical Society}, number = {9}, pages = {6131 -- 6157}, publisher = {American Mathematical Society}, title = {{The mean-field approximation and the non-linear Schrödinger functional for trapped Bose gases}}, doi = {10.1090/tran/6537}, volume = {368}, year = {2016}, } @article{1492, abstract = {To sustain a lifelong ability to initiate organs, plants retain pools of undifferentiated cells with a preserved prolif eration capacity. The root pericycle represents a unique tissue with conditional meristematic activity, and its tight control determines initiation of lateral organs. Here we show that the meristematic activity of the pericycle is constrained by the interaction with the adjacent endodermis. Release of these restraints by elimination of endo dermal cells by single-cell ablation triggers the pericycle to re-enter the cell cycle. We found that endodermis removal substitutes for the phytohormone auxin-dependent initiation of the pericycle meristematic activity. However, auxin is indispensable to steer the cell division plane orientation of new organ-defining divisions. We propose a dual, spatiotemporally distinct role for auxin during lateral root initiation. In the endodermis, auxin releases constraints arising from cell-to-cell interactions that compromise the pericycle meristematic activity, whereas, in the pericycle, auxin defines the orientation of the cell division plane to initiate lateral roots.}, author = {Marhavy, Peter and Montesinos López, Juan C and Abuzeineh, Anas and Van Damme, Daniël and Vermeer, Joop and Duclercq, Jérôme and Rakusova, Hana and Marhavá, Petra and Friml, Jirí and Geldner, Niko and Benková, Eva}, journal = {Genes and Development}, number = {4}, pages = {471 -- 483}, publisher = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press}, title = {{Targeted cell elimination reveals an auxin-guided biphasic mode of lateral root initiation}}, doi = {10.1101/gad.276964.115}, volume = {30}, year = {2016}, } @article{1493, abstract = {We introduce a new method for deriving the time-dependent Hartree or Hartree-Fock equations as an effective mean-field dynamics from the microscopic Schrödinger equation for fermionic many-particle systems in quantum mechanics. The method is an adaption of the method used in Pickl (Lett. Math. Phys. 97 (2) 151–164 2011) for bosonic systems to fermionic systems. It is based on a Gronwall type estimate for a suitable measure of distance between the microscopic solution and an antisymmetrized product state. We use this method to treat a new mean-field limit for fermions with long-range interactions in a large volume. Some of our results hold for singular attractive or repulsive interactions. We can also treat Coulomb interaction assuming either a mild singularity cutoff or certain regularity conditions on the solutions to the Hartree(-Fock) equations. In the considered limit, the kinetic and interaction energy are of the same order, while the average force is subleading. For some interactions, we prove that the Hartree(-Fock) dynamics is a more accurate approximation than a simpler dynamics that one would expect from the subleading force. With our method we also treat the mean-field limit coupled to a semiclassical limit, which was discussed in the literature before, and we recover some of the previous results. All results hold for initial data close (but not necessarily equal) to antisymmetrized product states and we always provide explicit rates of convergence.}, author = {Petrat, Sören P and Pickl, Peter}, journal = {Mathematical Physics, Analysis and Geometry}, number = {1}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{A new method and a new scaling for deriving fermionic mean-field dynamics}}, doi = {10.1007/s11040-016-9204-2}, volume = {19}, year = {2016}, } @article{1494, abstract = {Turbulence is one of the most frequently encountered non-equilibrium phenomena in nature, yet characterizing the transition that gives rise to turbulence in basic shear flows has remained an elusive task. Although, in recent studies, critical points marking the onset of sustained turbulence have been determined for several such flows, the physical nature of the transition could not be fully explained. In extensive experimental and computational studies we show for the example of Couette flow that the onset of turbulence is a second-order phase transition and falls into the directed percolation universality class. Consequently, the complex laminar–turbulent patterns distinctive for the onset of turbulence in shear flows result from short-range interactions of turbulent domains and are characterized by universal critical exponents. More generally, our study demonstrates that even high-dimensional systems far from equilibrium such as turbulence exhibit universality at onset and that here the collective dynamics obeys simple rules.}, author = {Lemoult, Grégoire M and Shi, Liang and Avila, Kerstin and Jalikop, Shreyas V and Avila, Marc and Hof, Björn}, journal = {Nature Physics}, number = {3}, pages = {254 -- 258}, publisher = {Nature Publishing Group}, title = {{Directed percolation phase transition to sustained turbulence in Couette flow}}, doi = {10.1038/nphys3675}, volume = {12}, year = {2016}, } @article{1496, abstract = {The two-photon 1s2 2s 2p 3P0 1s22s2 1S0 transition in berylliumlike ions is theoretically investigated within a fully relativistic framework and a second-order perturbation theory. We focus our analysis on how electron correlation, as well as the negative-energy spectrum, can affect the forbidden E1M1 decay rate. For this purpose, we include the electronic correlation via an effective local potential and within a single configuration-state model. Due to its experimental interest, evaluations of decay rates are performed for berylliumlike xenon and uranium. We find that the negative-energy contribution can be neglected at the present level of accuracy in the evaluation of the decay rate. On the other hand, if contributions of electronic correlation are not carefully taken into account, it may change the lifetime of the metastable state by up to 20%. By performing a full-relativistic jj-coupling calculation, we found a decrease of the decay rate by two orders of magnitude compared to non-relativistic LS-coupling calculations, for the selected heavy ions.}, author = {Amaro, Pedro and Fratini, Filippo and Safari, Laleh and Machado, Jorge and Guerra, Mauro and Indelicato, Paul and Santos, José}, journal = {Physical Review A - Atomic, Molecular, and Optical Physics}, number = {3}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{Relativistic evaluation of the two-photon decay of the metastable 1s22s2p3P0 state in berylliumlike ions with an effective-potential model}}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.93.032502}, volume = {93}, year = {2016}, } @article{1518, abstract = {The inference of demographic history from genome data is hindered by a lack of efficient computational approaches. In particular, it has proved difficult to exploit the information contained in the distribution of genealogies across the genome. We have previously shown that the generating function (GF) of genealogies can be used to analytically compute likelihoods of demographic models from configurations of mutations in short sequence blocks (Lohse et al. 2011). Although the GF has a simple, recursive form, the size of such likelihood calculations explodes quickly with the number of individuals and applications of this framework have so far been mainly limited to small samples (pairs and triplets) for which the GF can be written by hand. Here we investigate several strategies for exploiting the inherent symmetries of the coalescent. In particular, we show that the GF of genealogies can be decomposed into a set of equivalence classes that allows likelihood calculations from nontrivial samples. Using this strategy, we automated blockwise likelihood calculations for a general set of demographic scenarios in Mathematica. These histories may involve population size changes, continuous migration, discrete divergence, and admixture between multiple populations. To give a concrete example, we calculate the likelihood for a model of isolation with migration (IM), assuming two diploid samples without phase and outgroup information. We demonstrate the new inference scheme with an analysis of two individual butterfly genomes from the sister species Heliconius melpomene rosina and H. cydno.}, author = {Lohse, Konrad and Chmelik, Martin and Martin, Simon and Barton, Nicholas H}, journal = {Genetics}, number = {2}, pages = {775 -- 786}, publisher = {Genetics Society of America}, title = {{Efficient strategies for calculating blockwise likelihoods under the coalescent}}, doi = {10.1534/genetics.115.183814}, volume = {202}, year = {2016}, } @article{1521, abstract = {Complex I (NADH:ubiquinone oxidoreductase) plays a central role in cellular energy production, coupling electron transfer between NADH and quinone to proton translocation. It is the largest protein assembly of respiratory chains and one of the most elaborate redox membrane proteins known. Bacterial enzyme is about half the size of mitochondrial and thus provides its important "minimal" model. Dysfunction of mitochondrial complex I is implicated in many human neurodegenerative diseases. The L-shaped complex consists of a hydrophilic arm, where electron transfer occurs, and a membrane arm, where proton translocation takes place. We have solved the crystal structures of the hydrophilic domain of complex I from Thermus thermophilus, the membrane domain from Escherichia coli and recently of the intact, entire complex I from T. thermophilus (536. kDa, 16 subunits, 9 iron-sulphur clusters, 64 transmembrane helices). The 95. Å long electron transfer pathway through the enzyme proceeds from the primary electron acceptor flavin mononucleotide through seven conserved Fe-S clusters to the unusual elongated quinone-binding site at the interface with the membrane domain. Four putative proton translocation channels are found in the membrane domain, all linked by the central flexible axis containing charged residues. The redox energy of electron transfer is coupled to proton translocation by the as yet undefined mechanism proposed to involve long-range conformational changes. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled Respiratory complex I, edited by Volker Zickermann and Ulrich Brandt.}, author = {Berrisford, John and Baradaran, Rozbeh and Sazanov, Leonid A}, journal = {Biochimica et Biophysica Acta - Bioenergetics}, number = {7}, pages = {892 -- 901}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Structure of bacterial respiratory complex I}}, doi = {10.1016/j.bbabio.2016.01.012}, volume = {1857}, year = {2016}, } @article{1522, abstract = {We classify smooth Brunnian (i.e., unknotted on both components) embeddings (S2 × S1) ⊔ S3 → ℝ6. Any Brunnian embedding (S2 × S1) ⊔ S3 → ℝ6 is isotopic to an explicitly constructed embedding fk,m,n for some integers k, m, n such that m ≡ n (mod 2). Two embeddings fk,m,n and fk′ ,m′,n′ are isotopic if and only if k = k′, m ≡ m′ (mod 2k) and n ≡ n′ (mod 2k). We use Haefliger’s classification of embeddings S3 ⊔ S3 → ℝ6 in our proof. The relation between the embeddings (S2 × S1) ⊔ S3 → ℝ6 and S3 ⊔ S3 → ℝ6 is not trivial, however. For example, we show that there exist embeddings f: (S2 ×S1) ⊔ S3 → ℝ6 and g, g′ : S3 ⊔ S3 → ℝ6 such that the componentwise embedded connected sum f # g is isotopic to f # g′ but g is not isotopic to g′.}, author = {Avvakumov, Serhii}, issn = {1609-4514}, journal = {Moscow Mathematical Journal}, number = {1}, pages = {1 -- 25}, publisher = {Independent University of Moscow}, title = {{The classification of certain linked 3-manifolds in 6-space}}, doi = {10.17323/1609-4514-2016-16-1-1-25}, volume = {16}, year = {2016}, } @article{1523, abstract = {For random graphs, the containment problem considers the probability that a binomial random graph G(n, p) contains a given graph as a substructure. When asking for the graph as a topological minor, i.e., for a copy of a subdivision of the given graph, it is well known that the (sharp) threshold is at p = 1/n. We consider a natural analogue of this question for higher-dimensional random complexes Xk(n, p), first studied by Cohen, Costa, Farber and Kappeler for k = 2. Improving previous results, we show that p = Θ(1/ √n) is the (coarse) threshold for containing a subdivision of any fixed complete 2-complex. For higher dimensions k > 2, we get that p = O(n−1/k) is an upper bound for the threshold probability of containing a subdivision of a fixed k-dimensional complex.}, author = {Gundert, Anna and Wagner, Uli}, journal = {Proceedings of the American Mathematical Society}, number = {4}, pages = {1815 -- 1828}, publisher = {American Mathematical Society}, title = {{On topological minors in random simplicial complexes}}, doi = {10.1090/proc/12824}, volume = {144}, year = {2016}, } @inproceedings{1524, abstract = {When designing genetic circuits, the typical primitives used in major existing modelling formalisms are gene interaction graphs, where edges between genes denote either an activation or inhibition relation. However, when designing experiments, it is important to be precise about the low-level mechanistic details as to how each such relation is implemented. The rule-based modelling language Kappa allows to unambiguously specify mechanistic details such as DNA binding sites, dimerisation of transcription factors, or co-operative interactions. Such a detailed description comes with complexity and computationally costly executions. We propose a general method for automatically transforming a rule-based program, by eliminating intermediate species and adjusting the rate constants accordingly. To the best of our knowledge, we show the first automated reduction of rule-based models based on equilibrium approximations. Our algorithm is an adaptation of an existing algorithm, which was designed for reducing reaction-based programs; our version of the algorithm scans the rule-based Kappa model in search for those interaction patterns known to be amenable to equilibrium approximations (e.g. Michaelis-Menten scheme). Additional checks are then performed in order to verify if the reduction is meaningful in the context of the full model. The reduced model is efficiently obtained by static inspection over the rule-set. The tool is tested on a detailed rule-based model of a λ-phage switch, which lists 92 rules and 13 agents. The reduced model has 11 rules and 5 agents, and provides a dramatic reduction in simulation time of several orders of magnitude.}, author = {Beica, Andreea and Guet, Calin C and Petrov, Tatjana}, location = {Madrid, Spain}, pages = {173 -- 191}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{Efficient reduction of kappa models by static inspection of the rule-set}}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-319-26916-0_10}, volume = {9271}, year = {2016}, } @article{15242, abstract = {The recent discovery of gravitational radiation from merging black holes poses a challenge of how to organize the electromagnetic follow-up of gravitational-wave events as well as observed bursts of neutrinos. We propose a technique to select the galaxies that are most likely to host the event given some assumptions of whether the particular event is associated with recent star formation, low-metallicity stars or simply proportional to the total stellar mass in the galaxy. We combine data from the 2-MASS Photometric Redshift Galaxy Catalogue with results from galaxy formation simulations to develop observing strategies that potentially reduce the area of sky to search by up to a factor of 2 relative to an unweighted search of galaxies, and a factor of 20 to a search over the entire LIGO localization region.}, author = {Antolini, Elisa and Caiazzo, Ilaria and Davé, Romeel and Heyl, Jeremy S.}, issn = {1365-2966}, journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, keywords = {Space and Planetary Science, Astronomy and Astrophysics}, number = {2}, pages = {2212--2216}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{Using galaxy formation simulations to optimize LIGO follow-up observations}}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/stw3292}, volume = {466}, year = {2016}, } @inproceedings{15244, abstract = {XIPE, the X-ray Imaging Polarimetry Explorer, is a mission dedicated to X-ray Astronomy. At the time of writing XIPE is in a competitive phase A as fourth medium size mission of ESA (M4). It promises to reopen the polarimetry window in high energy Astrophysics after more than 4 decades thanks to a detector that efficiently exploits the photoelectric effect and to X-ray optics with large effective area. XIPE uniqueness is time-spectrally-spatially- resolved X-ray polarimetry as a breakthrough in high energy astrophysics and fundamental physics. Indeed the payload consists of three Gas Pixel Detectors at the focus of three X-ray optics with a total effective area larger than one XMM mirror but with a low weight. The payload is compatible with the fairing of the Vega launcher. XIPE is designed as an observatory for X-ray astronomers with 75 % of the time dedicated to a Guest Observer competitive program and it is organized as a consortium across Europe with main contributions from Italy, Germany, Spain, United Kingdom, Poland, Sweden.}, author = {Soffitta, Paolo and Bellazzini, Ronaldo and Bozzo, Enrico and Burwitz, Vadim and Castro Tirado, Alberto and Costa, Enrico and Courvoisier, Thierry and Feng, Hua and Gburek, Szymon and Goosmann, Rene' and Karas, Vladimir and Matt, Giorgio and Muleri, Fabio and Nandra, Kirpal and Pearce, Mark and Poutanen, Juri and Reglero, Victor and Graziati, Maria Dolores and Santangelo, Andrea and Tagliaferri, Gianpiero and Tenzer, Christopher and Vink, Jacco and Weisskopf, Martin and Zane, Silvia and Agudo, I. and Antonelli, A. and Attina, P. and Baldini, L. and Bykov, A. and Carpentiero, R. and Cavazzuti, E. and Churazov, E. and Del Monte, E. and De Martino, D. and Donnarumma, I. and Doroshenko, V. and Evangelista, Y. and Ferreira, I. and Gallo, E. and Grosso, N. and Kaaret, P. and Kuulkers, E. and Laranaga, J. and Latronico, L. and Lumb, D. H. and Macian, J. and Malzac, J. and Marin, F. and Massaro, E. and Minuti, M. and Mundell, C. and Ness, J. U. and Oosterbroek, T. and Paltani, S. and Pareschi, G. and Perna, R. and Petrucci, P.-O. and Pinazo, H. B. and Pinchera, M. and Rodriguez, J. P. and Roncadelli, M. and Santovincenzo, A. and Sazonov, S. and Sgro, C. and Spiga, D. and Svoboda, J. and Theobald, C. and Theodorou, T. and Turolla, R. and Wilhelmi de Ona, E. and Winter, B. and Akbar, A. M. and Allan, H. and Aloisio, R. and Altamirano, D. and Amati, L. and Amato, E. and Angelakis, E. and Arezu, J. and Atteia, J.-L. and Axelsson, M. and Bachetti, M. and Ballo, L. and Balman, S. and Bandiera, R. and Barcons, X. and Basso, S. and Baykal, A. and Becker, W. and Behar, E. and Beheshtipour, B. and Belmont, R. and Berger, E. and Bernardini, F. and Bianchi, S. and Bisnovatyi-Kogan, G. and Blasi, P. and Blay, P. and Bodaghee, A. and Boer, M. and Boettcher, M. and Bogdanov, S. and Bombaci, I. and Bonino, R. and Braga, J. and Brandt, W. and Brez, A. and Bucciantini, N. and Burderi, L. and Caiazzo, Ilaria and Campana, R. and Campana, S. and Capitanio, F. and Cappi, M. and Cardillo, M. and Casella, P. and Catmabacak, O. and Cenko, B. and Cerda-Duran, P. and Cerruti, C. and Chaty, S. and Chauvin, M. and Chen, Y. and Chenevez, J. and Chernyakova, M. and Cheung, C. C. T. and Christodoulou, D. and Connell, P. and Corbet, R. and Coti Zelati, F. and Covino, S. and Cui, W. and Cusumano, G. and D’Ai, A. and D’Ammando, F. and Dadina, M. and Dai, Z. and De Rosa, A. and de Ruvo, L. and Degenaar, N. and Del Santo, M. and Del Zanna, L. and Dewangan, G. and Di Cosimo, S. and Di Lalla, N. and Di Persio, G. and Di Salvo, T. and Dias, T. and Done, C. and Dovciak, M. and Doyle, G. and Ducci, L. and Elsner, R. and Enoto, T. and Escada, J. and Esposito, P. and Eyles, C. and Fabiani, S. and Falanga, M. and Falocco, S. and Fan, Y. and Fender, R. and Feroci, M. and Ferrigno, C. and Forman, W. and Foschini, L. and Fragile, C. and Fuerst, F. and Fujita, Y. and Gasent-Blesa, J. L. and Gelfand, J. and Gendre, B. and Ghirlanda, G. and Ghisellini, G. and Giroletti, M. and Goetz, D. and Gogus, E. and Gomez, J.-L. and Gonzalez, D. and Gonzalez-Riestra, R. and Gotthelf, E. and Gou, L. and Grandi, P. and Grinberg, V. and Grise, F. and Guidorzi, C. and Gurlebeck, N. and Guver, T. and Haggard, D. and Hardcastle, M. and Hartmann, D. and Haswell, C. and Heger, A. and Hernanz, M. and Heyl, J. and Ho, L. and Hoormann, J. and Horak, J. and Huovelin, J. and Huppenkothen, D. and Iaria, R. and Inam Sitki, C. and Ingram, A. and Israel, G. and Izzo, L. and Burgess, M. and Jackson, M. and Ji, L. and Jiang, J. and Johannsen, T. and Jones, C. and Jorstad, S. and Kajava, J. J. E. and Kalamkar, M. and Kalemci, E. and Kallman, T. and Kamble, A. and Kislat, F. and Kiss, M. and Klochkov, D. and Koerding, E. and Kolehmainen, M. and Koljonen, K. and Komossa, S. and Kong, A. and Korpela, S. and Kowalinski, M. and Krawczynski, H. and Kreykenbohm, I. and Kuss, M. and Lai, D. and Lan, M. and Larsson, J. and Laycock, S. and Lazzati, D. and Leahy, D. and Li, H. and Li, J. and Li, L. and Li, T. and Li, Z. and Linares, M. and Lister, M. and Liu, H. and Lodato, G. and Lohfink, A. and Longo, F. and Luna, G. and Lutovinov, A. and Mahmoodifar, S. and Maia, J. and Mainieri, V. and Maitra, C. and Maitra, D. and Majczyna, A. and Maldera, S. and Malyshev, D. and Manfreda, A. and Manousakis, A. and Manuel, R. and Margutti, R. and Marinucci, A. and Markoff, S. and Marscher, A. and Marshall, H. and Massaro, F. and McLaughlin, M. and Medina-Tanco, G. and Mehdipour, M. and Middleton, M. and Mignani, R. and Mimica, P. and Mineo, T. and Mingo, B. and Miniutti, G. and Mirac, S. M. and Morlino, G. and Motlagh, A. V. and Motta, S. and Mushtukov, A. and Nagataki, S. and Nardini, F. and Nattila, J. and Navarro, G. J. and Negri, B. and Negro, Matteo and Nenonen, S. and Neustroev, V. and Nicastro, F. and Norton, A. and Nucita, A. and O’Brien, P. and O’Dell, S. and Turriziani, S.}, booktitle = {Space Telescopes and Instrumentation 2016: Ultraviolet to Gamma Ray}, issn = {0168-9002}, location = {Edinburgh, UK}, publisher = {SPIE}, title = {{XIPE: The x-ray imaging polarimetry explorer}}, doi = {10.1117/12.2233046}, volume = {9905}, year = {2016}, } @inproceedings{15245, abstract = {eXTP is a science mission designed to study the state of matter under extreme conditions of density, gravity and magnetism. Primary goals are the determination of the equation of state of matter at supra-nuclear density, the measurement of QED effects in highly magnetized star, and the study of accretion in the strong-field regime of gravity. Primary targets include isolated and binary neutron stars, strong magnetic field systems like magnetars, and stellar-mass and supermassive black holes. The mission carries a unique and unprecedented suite of state-of-the-art scientific instruments enabling for the first time ever the simultaneous spectral-timing-polarimetry studies of cosmic sources in the energy range from 0.5-30 keV (and beyond). Key elements of the payload are: the Spectroscopic Focusing Array (SFA) - a set of 11 X-ray optics for a total effective area of ∼0.9 m2 and 0.6 m2 at 2 keV and 6 keV respectively, equipped with Silicon Drift Detectors offering <180 eV spectral resolution; the Large Area Detector (LAD) - a deployable set of 640 Silicon Drift Detectors, for a total effective area of ∼3.4 m2, between 6 and 10 keV, and spectral resolution better than 250 eV; the Polarimetry Focusing Array (PFA) - a set of 2 X-ray telescope, for a total effective area of 250 cm2 at 2 keV, equipped with imaging gas pixel photoelectric polarimeters; the Wide Field Monitor (WFM) - a set of 3 coded mask wide field units, equipped with position-sensitive Silicon Drift Detectors, each covering a 90 degrees x 90 degrees field of view. The eXTP international consortium includes major institutions of the Chinese Academy of Sciences and Universities in China, as well as major institutions in several European countries and the United States. The predecessor of eXTP, the XTP mission concept, has been selected and funded as one of the so-called background missions in the Strategic Priority Space Science Program of the Chinese Academy of Sciences since 2011. The strong European participation has significantly enhanced the scientific capabilities of eXTP. The planned launch date of the mission is earlier than 2025.}, author = {Zhang, S. N. and Feroci, M. and Santangelo, A. and Dong, Y. W. and Feng, H. and Lu, F. J. and Nandra, K. and Wang, Z. S. and Zhang, S. and Bozzo, E. and Brandt, S. and De Rosa, A. and Gou, L. J. and Hernanz, M. and van der Klis, M. and Li, X. D. and Liu, Y. and Orleanski, P. and Pareschi, G. and Pohl, M. and Poutanen, J. and Qu, J. L. and Schanne, S. and Stella, L. and Uttley, P. and Watts, A. and Xu, R. X. and Yu, W. F. and in ’t Zand, J. J. M. and Zane, S. and Alvarez, L. and Amati, L. and Baldini, L. and Bambi, C. and Basso, S. and Bhattacharyya, S. and Bellazzini, R. and Belloni, T. and Bellutti, P. and Bianchi, S. and Brez, A. and Bursa, M. and Burwitz, V. and Budtz-Jørgensen, C. and Caiazzo, Ilaria and Campana, R. and Cao, X. L. and Casella, P. and Chen, C. Y. and Chen, L. and Chen, T. and Chen, Y. and Chen, Y. and Chen, Y. P. and Civitani, M. and Coti Zelati, F. and Cui, W. and Cui, W. W. and Dai, Z. G. and Del Monte, E. and de Martino, D. and Di Cosimo, S. and Diebold, S. and Dovciak, M. and Donnarumma, I. and Doroshenko, V. and Esposito, P. and Evangelista, Y. and Favre, Y. and Friedrich, P. and Fuschino, F. and Galvez, J. L. and Gao, Z. L. and Ge, M. Y. and Gevin, O. and Goetz, D. and Han, D. W. and Heyl, J. and Horak, J. and Hu, W. and Huang, F. and Huang, Q. S. and Hudec, R. and Huppenkothen, D. and Israel, G. L. and Ingram, A. and Karas, V. and Karelin, D. and Jenke, P. A. and Ji, L. and Korpela, S. and Kunneriath, D. and Labanti, C. and Li, G. and Li, X. and Li, Z. S. and Liang, E. W. and Limousin, O. and Lin, L. and Ling, Z. X. and Liu, H. B. and Liu, H. W. and Liu, Z. and Lu, B. and Lund, N. and Lai, D. and Luo, B. and Luo, T. and Ma, B. and Mahmoodifar, S. and Marisaldi, M. and Martindale, A. and Meidinger, N. and Men, Y. P. and Michalska, M. and Mignani, R. and Minuti, M. and Motta, S. and Muleri, F. and Neilsen, J. and Orlandini, M. and Pan, A. T. and Patruno, A. and Perinati, E. and Picciotto, A. and Piemonte, C. and Pinchera, M. and Rachevski, A. and Rapisarda, M. and Rea, N. and Rossi, E. M. R. and Rubini, A. and Sala, G. and Shu, X. W. and Sgro, C. and Shen, Z. X. and Soffitta, P. and Song, L. M. and Spandre, G. and Stratta, G. and Strohmayer, T. E. and Sun, L. and Svoboda, J. and Tagliaferri, G. and Tenzer, C. and Hong, T. and Taverna, R. and Torok, G. and Turolla, R. and Vacchi, S. and Wang, J. and Walton, D. and Wang, K. and Wang, J. F. and Wang, R. J. and Wang, Y. F. and Weng, S. S. and Wilms, J. and Winter, B. and Wu, X. and Wu, X. F. and Xiong, S. L. and Xu, Y. P. and Xue, Y. Q. and Yan, Z. and Yang, S. and Yang, X. and Yang, Y. J. and Yuan, F. and Yuan, W. M. and Yuan, Y. F. and Zampa, G. and Zampa, N. and Zdziarski, A. and Zhang, C. and Zhang, C. L. and Zhang, L. and Zhang, X. and Zhang, Z. and Zhang, W. D. and Zheng, S. J. and Zhou, P. and Zhou, X. L.}, booktitle = {Proceedings of the SPIE}, issn = {0277-786X}, publisher = {SPIE}, title = {{eXTP: Enhanced X-ray timing and polarization mission}}, doi = {10.1117/12.2232034}, volume = {9905}, year = {2016}, } @inproceedings{1526, abstract = {We present the first study of robustness of systems that are both timed as well as reactive (I/O). We study the behavior of such timed I/O systems in the presence of uncertain inputs and formalize their robustness using the analytic notion of Lipschitz continuity: a timed I/O system is K-(Lipschitz) robust if the perturbation in its output is at most K times the perturbation in its input. We quantify input and output perturbation using similarity functions over timed words such as the timed version of the Manhattan distance and the Skorokhod distance. We consider two models of timed I/O systems — timed transducers and asynchronous sequential circuits. We show that K-robustness of timed transducers can be decided in polynomial space under certain conditions. For asynchronous sequential circuits, we reduce K-robustness w.r.t. timed Manhattan distances to K-robustness of discrete letter-to-letter transducers and show PSpace-completeness of the problem.}, author = {Henzinger, Thomas A and Otop, Jan and Samanta, Roopsha}, location = {St. Petersburg, FL, USA}, pages = {250 -- 267}, publisher = {Springer}, title = {{Lipschitz robustness of timed I/O systems}}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-662-49122-5_12}, volume = {9583}, year = {2016}, } @article{1529, abstract = {We consider partially observable Markov decision processes (POMDPs) with a set of target states and an integer cost associated with every transition. The optimization objective we study asks to minimize the expected total cost of reaching a state in the target set, while ensuring that the target set is reached almost surely (with probability 1). We show that for integer costs approximating the optimal cost is undecidable. For positive costs, our results are as follows: (i) we establish matching lower and upper bounds for the optimal cost, both double exponential in the POMDP state space size; (ii) we show that the problem of approximating the optimal cost is decidable and present approximation algorithms developing on the existing algorithms for POMDPs with finite-horizon objectives. While the worst-case running time of our algorithm is double exponential, we also present efficient stopping criteria for the algorithm and show experimentally that it performs well in many examples of interest.}, author = {Chatterjee, Krishnendu and Chmelik, Martin and Gupta, Raghav and Kanodia, Ayush}, journal = {Artificial Intelligence}, pages = {26 -- 48}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Optimal cost almost-sure reachability in POMDPs}}, doi = {10.1016/j.artint.2016.01.007}, volume = {234}, year = {2016}, }