[{"page":"168","ec_funded":1,"type":"dissertation","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_status":"published","status":"public","day":"13","doi":"10.15479/at:ista:9992","user_id":"c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","corr_author":"1","title":"Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem","article_processing_charge":"No","date_updated":"2025-07-10T11:53:20Z","ddc":["575"],"file":[{"content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","checksum":"c763064adaa720e16066c1a4f9682bbb","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","file_name":"Thesis_vupload.docx","file_id":"9993","date_created":"2021-09-09T07:29:48Z","creator":"lhoermaye","date_updated":"2021-09-15T22:30:26Z","file_size":25179004,"embargo_to":"open_access"},{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"53911b06e93d7cdbbf4c7f4c162fa70f","file_id":"9996","file_name":"Thesis_vfinal_pdfa.pdf","creator":"lhoermaye","date_created":"2021-09-09T14:25:08Z","file_size":6246900,"embargo":"2021-09-09","date_updated":"2021-09-15T22:30:26Z"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Blood – this is what animals use to heal wounds fast and efficient. Plants do not have blood circulation and their cells cannot move. However, plants have evolved remarkable capacities to regenerate tissues and organs preventing further damage. In my PhD research, I studied the wound healing in the Arabidopsis root. I used a UV laser to ablate single cells in the root tip and observed the consequent wound healing. Interestingly, the inner adjacent cells induced a\r\ndivision plane switch and subsequently adopted the cell type of the killed cell to replace it. We termed this form of wound healing “restorative divisions”. This initial observation triggered the questions of my PhD studies: How and why do cells orient their division planes, how do they feel the wound and why does this happen only in inner adjacent cells.\r\nFor answering these questions, I used a quite simple experimental setup: 5 day - old seedlings were stained with propidium iodide to visualize cell walls and dead cells; ablation was carried out using a special laser cutter and a confocal microscope. Adaptation of the novel vertical microscope system made it possible to observe wounds in real time. This revealed that restorative divisions occur at increased frequency compared to normal divisions. Additionally,\r\nthe major plant hormone auxin accumulates in wound adjacent cells and drives the expression of the wound-stress responsive transcription factor ERF115. Using this as a marker gene for wound responses, we found that an important part of wound signalling is the sensing of the collapse of the ablated cell. The collapse causes a radical pressure drop, which results in strong tissue deformations. These deformations manifest in an invasion of the now free spot specifically by the inner adjacent cells within seconds, probably because of higher pressure of the inner tissues. Long-term imaging revealed that those deformed cells continuously expand towards the wound hole and that this is crucial for the restorative division. These wound-expanding cells exhibit an abnormal, biphasic polarity of microtubule arrays\r\nbefore the division. Experiments inhibiting cell expansion suggest that it is the biphasic stretching that induces those MT arrays. Adapting the micromanipulator aspiration system from animal scientists at our institute confirmed the hypothesis that stretching influences microtubule stability. In conclusion, this shows that microtubules react to tissue deformation\r\nand this facilitates the observed division plane switch. This puts mechanical cues and tensions at the most prominent position for explaining the growth and wound healing properties of plants. Hence, it shines light onto the importance of understanding mechanical signal transduction. "}],"citation":{"ama":"Hörmayer L. Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9992","ieee":"L. Hörmayer, “Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.","chicago":"Hörmayer, Lukas. “Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9992.","ista":"Hörmayer L. 2021. Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Hörmayer, Lukas. Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9992.","apa":"Hörmayer, L. (2021). Wound healing in the Arabidopsis root meristem. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9992","short":"L. Hörmayer, Wound Healing in the Arabidopsis Root Meristem, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021."},"degree_awarded":"PhD","month":"09","date_created":"2021-09-09T07:37:20Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2021-09-15T22:30:26Z","project":[{"name":"RNA-directed DNA methylation in plant development","grant_number":"P29988","_id":"262EF96E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF"},{"_id":"261099A6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Tracing Evolution of Auxin Transport and Polarity in Plants","grant_number":"742985","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"oa":1,"year":"2021","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)"},"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"6943"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"8002"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"6351"}]},"author":[{"id":"2EEE7A2A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Lukas","full_name":"Hörmayer, Lukas","orcid":"0000-0001-8295-2926","last_name":"Hörmayer"}],"_id":"9992","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jiří","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","last_name":"Friml"}],"date_published":"2021-09-13T00:00:00Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JiFr"}]},{"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"8569","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"960"}]},"_id":"9962","author":[{"full_name":"Hansen, Andi H","id":"38853E16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Andi H","last_name":"Hansen"}],"keyword":["Neuronal migration","Non-cell-autonomous","Cell-autonomous","Neurodevelopmental disease"],"date_published":"2021-09-02T00:00:00Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"SiHi"}],"supervisor":[{"full_name":"Hippenmeyer, Simon","first_name":"Simon","id":"37B36620-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-2279-1061","last_name":"Hippenmeyer"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"citation":{"apa":"Hansen, A. H. (2021). Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects in radial projection neuron migration. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9962","mla":"Hansen, Andi H. Cell-Autonomous Gene Function and Non-Cell-Autonomous Effects in Radial Projection Neuron Migration. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:9962.","ista":"Hansen AH. 2021. Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects in radial projection neuron migration. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Hansen, Andi H. “Cell-Autonomous Gene Function and Non-Cell-Autonomous Effects in Radial Projection Neuron Migration.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:9962.","short":"A.H. Hansen, Cell-Autonomous Gene Function and Non-Cell-Autonomous Effects in Radial Projection Neuron Migration, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.","ama":"Hansen AH. Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects in radial projection neuron migration. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:9962","ieee":"A. H. Hansen, “Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects in radial projection neuron migration,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021."},"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The brain is one of the largest and most complex organs and it is composed of billions of neurons that communicate together enabling e.g. consciousness. The cerebral cortex is the largest site of neural integration in the central nervous system. Concerted radial migration of newly born cortical projection neurons, from their birthplace to their final position, is a key step in the assembly of the cerebral cortex. The cellular and molecular mechanisms regulating radial neuronal migration in vivo are however still unclear. Recent evidence suggests that distinct signaling cues act cell-autonomously but differentially at certain steps during the overall migration process. Moreover, functional analysis of genetic mosaics (mutant neurons present in wild-type/heterozygote environment) using the MADM (Mosaic Analysis with Double Markers) analyses in comparison to global knockout also indicate a significant degree of non-cell-autonomous and/or community effects in the control of cortical neuron migration. The interactions of cell-intrinsic (cell-autonomous) and cell-extrinsic (non-cell-autonomous) components are largely unknown. In part of this thesis work we established a MADM-based experimental strategy for the quantitative analysis of cell-autonomous gene function versus non-cell-autonomous and/or community effects. The direct comparison of mutant neurons from the genetic mosaic (cell-autonomous) to mutant neurons in the conditional and/or global knockout (cell-autonomous + non-cell-autonomous) allows to quantitatively analyze non-cell-autonomous effects. Such analysis enable the high-resolution analysis of projection neuron migration dynamics in distinct environments with concomitant isolation of genomic and proteomic profiles. Using these experimental paradigms and in combination with computational modeling we show and characterize the nature of non-cell-autonomous effects to coordinate radial neuron migration. Furthermore, this thesis discusses recent developments in neurodevelopment with focus on neuronal polarization and non-cell-autonomous mechanisms in neuronal migration."}],"oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"file_name":"Thesis_Hansen.docx","file_id":"9971","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","relation":"source_file","access_level":"closed","checksum":"66b56f5b988b233dc66a4f4b4fb2cdfe","embargo_to":"open_access","file_size":10629190,"date_updated":"2022-09-03T22:30:04Z","creator":"ahansen","date_created":"2021-08-30T09:17:39Z"},{"embargo":"2022-09-02","file_size":13457469,"date_updated":"2022-09-03T22:30:04Z","creator":"ahansen","date_created":"2021-08-30T09:29:44Z","file_name":"Thesis_Hansen_PDFA-1a.pdf","file_id":"9972","content_type":"application/pdf","checksum":"204fa40321a1c6289b68c473634c4bf3","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access"}],"degree_awarded":"PhD","month":"09","file_date_updated":"2022-09-03T22:30:04Z","project":[{"grant_number":"24812","name":"Molecular mechanisms of radial neuronal migration","_id":"2625A13E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2021-08-29T12:36:50Z","oa":1,"year":"2021","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"corr_author":"1","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","title":"Cell-autonomous gene function and non-cell-autonomous effects in radial projection neuron migration","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_processing_charge":"No","ddc":["570"],"date_updated":"2025-07-10T12:01:55Z","page":"182","type":"dissertation","has_accepted_license":"1","publication_status":"published","day":"02","status":"public","doi":"10.15479/at:ista:9962"},{"file_date_updated":"2022-05-06T09:47:18Z","project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","name":"Sex chromosome evolution under male- and female- heterogamety","grant_number":"P28842-B22","_id":"250ED89C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2021-10-21T07:49:12Z","oa":1,"year":"2021","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"issue":"12","abstract":[{"text":"Schistosomes, the human parasites responsible for snail fever, are female-heterogametic. Different parts of their ZW sex chromosomes have stopped recombining in distinct lineages, creating “evolutionary strata” of various ages. Although the Z-chromosome is well characterized at the genomic and molecular level, the W-chromosome has remained largely unstudied from an evolutionary perspective, as only a few W-linked genes have been detected outside of the model species Schistosoma mansoni. Here, we characterize the gene content and evolution of the W-chromosomes of S. mansoni and of the divergent species S. japonicum. We use a combined RNA/DNA k-mer based pipeline to assemble around 100 candidate W-specific transcripts in each of the species. About half of them map to known protein coding genes, the majority homologous to S. mansoni Z-linked genes. We perform an extended analysis of the evolutionary strata present in the two species (including characterizing a previously undetected young stratum in S. japonicum) to infer patterns of sequence and expression evolution of W-linked genes at different time points after recombination was lost. W-linked genes show evidence of degeneration, including high rates of protein evolution and reduced expression. Most are found in young lineage-specific strata, with only a few high expression ancestral W-genes remaining, consistent with the progressive erosion of nonrecombining regions. Among these, the splicing factor u2af2 stands out as a promising candidate for primary sex determination, opening new avenues for understanding the molecular basis of the reproductive biology of this group.","lang":"eng"}],"citation":{"ieee":"M. N. Elkrewi, M. A. Moldovan, M. A. L. Picard, and B. Vicoso, “Schistosome W-linked genes inform temporal dynamics of sex chromosome evolution and suggest candidate for sex determination,” Molecular Biology and Evolution, vol. 138, no. 12. Oxford University Press , pp. 5345–58, 2021.","ama":"Elkrewi MN, Moldovan MA, Picard MAL, Vicoso B. Schistosome W-linked genes inform temporal dynamics of sex chromosome evolution and suggest candidate for sex determination. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 2021;138(12):5345-5358. doi:10.1093/molbev/msab178","short":"M.N. Elkrewi, M.A. Moldovan, M.A.L. Picard, B. Vicoso, Molecular Biology and Evolution 138 (2021) 5345–58.","mla":"Elkrewi, Marwan N., et al. “Schistosome W-Linked Genes Inform Temporal Dynamics of Sex Chromosome Evolution and Suggest Candidate for Sex Determination.” Molecular Biology and Evolution, vol. 138, no. 12, Oxford University Press , 2021, pp. 5345–58, doi:10.1093/molbev/msab178.","ista":"Elkrewi MN, Moldovan MA, Picard MAL, Vicoso B. 2021. Schistosome W-linked genes inform temporal dynamics of sex chromosome evolution and suggest candidate for sex determination. Molecular Biology and Evolution. 138(12), 5345–58.","apa":"Elkrewi, M. N., Moldovan, M. A., Picard, M. A. L., & Vicoso, B. (2021). Schistosome W-linked genes inform temporal dynamics of sex chromosome evolution and suggest candidate for sex determination. Molecular Biology and Evolution. Oxford University Press . https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab178","chicago":"Elkrewi, Marwan N, Mikhail A. Moldovan, Marion A L Picard, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Schistosome W-Linked Genes Inform Temporal Dynamics of Sex Chromosome Evolution and Suggest Candidate for Sex Determination.” Molecular Biology and Evolution. Oxford University Press , 2021. https://doi.org/10.1093/molbev/msab178."},"oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"creator":"dernst","date_created":"2022-05-06T09:47:18Z","file_size":1008594,"date_updated":"2022-05-06T09:47:18Z","checksum":"1b096702fb356d9c0eb88e1b3fcff5f8","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"file_name":"2021_MolecularBiolEvolution_Elkrewi.pdf","file_id":"11352"}],"acknowledgement":"The authors thank IT support at IST Austria for providing an optimal environment for bioinformatic analyses. This work was supported by an Austrian Science Foundation FWF grant (Project P28842) to B.V.","month":"06","isi":1,"volume":138,"external_id":{"isi":["000741368600009"],"pmid":["34146097"]},"keyword":["sex chromosomes","evolutionary strata","W-linked gene","sex determining gene","schistosome parasites"],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"date_published":"2021-06-19T00:00:00Z","department":[{"_id":"BeVi"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1537-1719"],"issn":["0737-4038"]},"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"19386","status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"author":[{"last_name":"Elkrewi","orcid":"0000-0002-5328-7231","full_name":"Elkrewi, Marwan N","id":"0B46FACA-A8E1-11E9-9BD3-79D1E5697425","first_name":"Marwan N"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8876-6494","last_name":"Moldovan","id":"c8bb7f32-3315-11ec-b58b-e5950e6c14a0","first_name":"Mikhail A.","full_name":"Moldovan, Mikhail A."},{"orcid":"0000-0002-8101-2518","last_name":"Picard","first_name":"Marion A L","id":"2C921A7A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Picard, Marion A L"},{"full_name":"Vicoso, Beatriz","id":"49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Beatriz","orcid":"0000-0002-4579-8306","last_name":"Vicoso"}],"_id":"10167","status":"public","publication_status":"published","day":"19","doi":"10.1093/molbev/msab178","publication":"Molecular Biology and Evolution","page":"5345-58","scopus_import":"1","type":"journal_article","has_accepted_license":"1","ddc":["610"],"date_updated":"2026-04-06T22:31:11Z","article_type":"original","publisher":"Oxford University Press ","corr_author":"1","title":"Schistosome W-linked genes inform temporal dynamics of sex chromosome evolution and suggest candidate for sex determination","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","pmid":1,"intvolume":" 138","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"date_updated":"2026-04-06T22:31:14Z","article_type":"original","ddc":["580"],"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Nitrate triggered phosphoproteome changes and a PIN2 phosphosite modulating root system architecture","publisher":"Wiley","article_processing_charge":"Yes","intvolume":" 22","pmid":1,"day":"06","publication_status":"published","status":"public","doi":"10.15252/embr.202051813","publication":"EMBO Reports","has_accepted_license":"1","type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1","article_number":"e51813","external_id":{"isi":["000681754200001"],"pmid":["34357701 "]},"volume":22,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1469-3178"],"issn":["1469-221X"]},"department":[{"_id":"EvBe"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"date_published":"2021-09-06T00:00:00Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"10303"}]},"_id":"9913","author":[{"last_name":"Vega","first_name":"Andrea","full_name":"Vega, Andrea"},{"last_name":"Fredes","first_name":"Isabel","full_name":"Fredes, Isabel"},{"first_name":"José","full_name":"O’Brien, José","last_name":"O’Brien"},{"last_name":"Shen","first_name":"Zhouxin","full_name":"Shen, Zhouxin"},{"first_name":"Krisztina","id":"29B901B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Ötvös, Krisztina","orcid":"0000-0002-5503-4983","last_name":"Ötvös"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-9357-9415","last_name":"Abualia","full_name":"Abualia, Rashed","first_name":"Rashed","id":"4827E134-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Benková","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Eva","full_name":"Benková, Eva"},{"full_name":"Briggs, Steven P.","first_name":"Steven P.","last_name":"Briggs"},{"last_name":"Gutiérrez","full_name":"Gutiérrez, Rodrigo A.","first_name":"Rodrigo A."}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2021-08-15T22:01:30Z","quality_controlled":"1","file_date_updated":"2021-10-05T13:36:42Z","issue":"9","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)"},"oa":1,"year":"2021","oa_version":"Published Version","file":[{"file_size":3144854,"date_updated":"2021-10-05T13:36:42Z","creator":"cchlebak","date_created":"2021-10-05T13:36:42Z","success":1,"file_name":"2021_EmboR_Vega.pdf","file_id":"10090","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"750de03dc3b715c37090126c1548ba13","relation":"main_file"}],"citation":{"ama":"Vega A, Fredes I, O’Brien J, et al. Nitrate triggered phosphoproteome changes and a PIN2 phosphosite modulating root system architecture. EMBO Reports. 2021;22(9). doi:10.15252/embr.202051813","ieee":"A. Vega et al., “Nitrate triggered phosphoproteome changes and a PIN2 phosphosite modulating root system architecture,” EMBO Reports, vol. 22, no. 9. Wiley, 2021.","chicago":"Vega, Andrea, Isabel Fredes, José O’Brien, Zhouxin Shen, Krisztina Ötvös, Rashed Abualia, Eva Benková, Steven P. Briggs, and Rodrigo A. Gutiérrez. “Nitrate Triggered Phosphoproteome Changes and a PIN2 Phosphosite Modulating Root System Architecture.” EMBO Reports. Wiley, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202051813.","ista":"Vega A, Fredes I, O’Brien J, Shen Z, Ötvös K, Abualia R, Benková E, Briggs SP, Gutiérrez RA. 2021. Nitrate triggered phosphoproteome changes and a PIN2 phosphosite modulating root system architecture. EMBO Reports. 22(9), e51813.","mla":"Vega, Andrea, et al. “Nitrate Triggered Phosphoproteome Changes and a PIN2 Phosphosite Modulating Root System Architecture.” EMBO Reports, vol. 22, no. 9, e51813, Wiley, 2021, doi:10.15252/embr.202051813.","apa":"Vega, A., Fredes, I., O’Brien, J., Shen, Z., Ötvös, K., Abualia, R., … Gutiérrez, R. A. (2021). Nitrate triggered phosphoproteome changes and a PIN2 phosphosite modulating root system architecture. EMBO Reports. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.15252/embr.202051813","short":"A. Vega, I. Fredes, J. O’Brien, Z. Shen, K. Ötvös, R. Abualia, E. Benková, S.P. Briggs, R.A. Gutiérrez, EMBO Reports 22 (2021)."},"abstract":[{"text":"Nitrate commands genome-wide gene expression changes that impact metabolism, physiology, plant growth, and development. In an effort to identify new components involved in nitrate responses in plants, we analyze the Arabidopsis thaliana root phosphoproteome in response to nitrate treatments via liquid chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry. 176 phosphoproteins show significant changes at 5 or 20 min after nitrate treatments. Proteins identified by 5 min include signaling components such as kinases or transcription factors. In contrast, by 20 min, proteins identified were associated with transporter activity or hormone metabolism functions, among others. The phosphorylation profile of NITRATE TRANSPORTER 1.1 (NRT1.1) mutant plants was significantly altered as compared to wild-type plants, confirming its key role in nitrate signaling pathways that involves phosphorylation changes. Integrative bioinformatics analysis highlights auxin transport as an important mechanism modulated by nitrate signaling at the post-translational level. We validated a new phosphorylation site in PIN2 and provide evidence that it functions in primary and lateral root growth responses to nitrate.","lang":"eng"}],"isi":1,"month":"09","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by ANID—Millennium Science Initiative Program—ICN17_022, Fondo de Desarrollo de Areas Prioritarias (FONDAP) Center for Genome Regulation (15090007), ANID—Fondo Nacional de Desarrollo Científico y Tecnológico (FONDECYT) 1180759 (to RAG) and 1171631 (to AV). We would like to thank Unidad de Microscopía Avanzada UC (UMA UC)."},{"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2026-04-06T22:31:14Z","ddc":["580"],"user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","publisher":"Embo Press","corr_author":"1","title":"Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","pmid":1,"intvolume":" 40","day":"01","publication_status":"published","status":"public","doi":"10.15252/embj.2020106862","publication":"EMBO Journal","type":"journal_article","has_accepted_license":"1","scopus_import":"1","article_number":"e106862","external_id":{"isi":["000604645600001"],"pmid":[" 33399250"]},"volume":40,"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1460-2075"],"issn":["0261-4189"]},"date_published":"2021-02-01T00:00:00Z","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"},{"_id":"EvBe"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"10303"}],"link":[{"url":"https://ist.ac.at/en/news/a-plants-way-to-its-favorite-food/","description":"News on IST Homepage","relation":"press_release"}]},"author":[{"full_name":"Ötvös, Krisztina","id":"29B901B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krisztina","orcid":"0000-0002-5503-4983","last_name":"Ötvös"},{"last_name":"Marconi","full_name":"Marconi, Marco","first_name":"Marco"},{"first_name":"Andrea","full_name":"Vega, Andrea","last_name":"Vega"},{"first_name":"Jose","full_name":"O’Brien, Jose","last_name":"O’Brien"},{"last_name":"Johnson","orcid":"0000-0002-2739-8843","id":"46A62C3A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Alexander J","full_name":"Johnson, Alexander J"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-9357-9415","last_name":"Abualia","full_name":"Abualia, Rashed","id":"4827E134-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Rashed"},{"last_name":"Antonielli","full_name":"Antonielli, Livio","first_name":"Livio"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-9179-6099","last_name":"Montesinos López","full_name":"Montesinos López, Juan C","id":"310A8E3E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Juan C"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2627-6956","last_name":"Zhang","id":"3B6137F2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Yuzhou","full_name":"Zhang, Yuzhou"},{"last_name":"Tan","orcid":"0000-0002-0471-8285","id":"2DE75584-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Shutang","full_name":"Tan, Shutang"},{"full_name":"Cuesta, Candela","id":"33A3C818-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Candela","orcid":"0000-0003-1923-2410","last_name":"Cuesta"},{"last_name":"Artner","id":"45DF286A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Christina","full_name":"Artner, Christina"},{"full_name":"Bouguyon, Eleonore","first_name":"Eleonore","last_name":"Bouguyon"},{"last_name":"Gojon","full_name":"Gojon, Alain","first_name":"Alain"},{"first_name":"Jiří","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","last_name":"Friml","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596"},{"first_name":"Rodrigo A.","full_name":"Gutiérrez, Rodrigo A.","last_name":"Gutiérrez"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-7263-0560","last_name":"Wabnik","full_name":"Wabnik, Krzysztof T","id":"4DE369A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krzysztof T"},{"full_name":"Benková, Eva","first_name":"Eva","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Benková","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739"}],"_id":"9010","date_created":"2021-01-17T23:01:12Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"file_date_updated":"2021-02-11T12:28:29Z","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"call_identifier":"FWF","grant_number":"I 1774-B16","name":"Hormone cross-talk drives nutrient dependent plant development","_id":"2542D156-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"name":"Hormonal regulation of plant adaptive responses to environmental signals","_id":"2685A872-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"},{"grant_number":"I03630","name":"Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants","_id":"26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FWF"}],"issue":"3","year":"2021","oa":1,"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"file":[{"success":1,"file_id":"9110","file_name":"2021_Embo_Otvos.pdf","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"dc55c900f3b061d6c2790b8813d759a3","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":2358617,"date_updated":"2021-02-11T12:28:29Z","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2021-02-11T12:28:29Z"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"chicago":"Ötvös, Krisztina, Marco Marconi, Andrea Vega, Jose O’Brien, Alexander J Johnson, Rashed Abualia, Livio Antonielli, et al. “Modulation of Plant Root Growth by Nitrogen Source-Defined Regulation of Polar Auxin Transport.” EMBO Journal. Embo Press, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862.","apa":"Ötvös, K., Marconi, M., Vega, A., O’Brien, J., Johnson, A. J., Abualia, R., … Benková, E. (2021). Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport. EMBO Journal. Embo Press. https://doi.org/10.15252/embj.2020106862","mla":"Ötvös, Krisztina, et al. “Modulation of Plant Root Growth by Nitrogen Source-Defined Regulation of Polar Auxin Transport.” EMBO Journal, vol. 40, no. 3, e106862, Embo Press, 2021, doi:10.15252/embj.2020106862.","ista":"Ötvös K, Marconi M, Vega A, O’Brien J, Johnson AJ, Abualia R, Antonielli L, Montesinos López JC, Zhang Y, Tan S, Cuesta C, Artner C, Bouguyon E, Gojon A, Friml J, Gutiérrez RA, Wabnik KT, Benková E. 2021. Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport. EMBO Journal. 40(3), e106862.","short":"K. Ötvös, M. Marconi, A. Vega, J. O’Brien, A.J. Johnson, R. Abualia, L. Antonielli, J.C. Montesinos López, Y. Zhang, S. Tan, C. Cuesta, C. Artner, E. Bouguyon, A. Gojon, J. Friml, R.A. Gutiérrez, K.T. Wabnik, E. Benková, EMBO Journal 40 (2021).","ama":"Ötvös K, Marconi M, Vega A, et al. Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport. EMBO Journal. 2021;40(3). doi:10.15252/embj.2020106862","ieee":"K. Ötvös et al., “Modulation of plant root growth by nitrogen source-defined regulation of polar auxin transport,” EMBO Journal, vol. 40, no. 3. Embo Press, 2021."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Availability of the essential macronutrient nitrogen in soil plays a critical role in plant growth, development, and impacts agricultural productivity. Plants have evolved different strategies for sensing and responding to heterogeneous nitrogen distribution. Modulation of root system architecture, including primary root growth and branching, is among the most essential plant adaptions to ensure adequate nitrogen acquisition. However, the immediate molecular pathways coordinating the adjustment of root growth in response to distinct nitrogen sources, such as nitrate or ammonium, are poorly understood. Here, we show that growth as manifested by cell division and elongation is synchronized by coordinated auxin flux between two adjacent outer tissue layers of the root. This coordination is achieved by nitrate‐dependent dephosphorylation of the PIN2 auxin efflux carrier at a previously uncharacterized phosphorylation site, leading to subsequent PIN2 lateralization and thereby regulating auxin flow between adjacent tissues. A dynamic computer model based on our experimental data successfully recapitulates experimental observations. Our study provides mechanistic insights broadening our understanding of root growth mechanisms in dynamic environments."}],"isi":1,"acknowledgement":"We acknowledge Gergely Molnar for critical reading of the manuscript, Alexander Johnson for language editing and Yulija Salanenka for technical assistance. Work in the Benkova laboratory was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF01_I1774S) to KO, RA and EB. Work in the Benkova laboratory was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF01_I1774S) to KO, RA and EB and by the DOC Fellowship Programme of the AustrianAcademy of Sciences (25008) to C.A. Work in the Wabnik laboratory was supported by the Programa de Atraccion de Talento 2017 (Comunidad deMadrid, 2017-T1/BIO-5654 to K.W.), Severo Ochoa Programme for Centres of Excellence in R&D from the Agencia Estatal de Investigacion of Spain (grantSEV-2016-0672 (2017-2021) to K.W. via the CBGP) and Programa Estatal de Generacion del Conocimiento y Fortalecimiento Científico y Tecnologico del Sistema de I+D+I 2019 (PGC2018-093387-A-I00) from MICIU (to K.W.). M.M.was supported by a postdoctoral contract associated to SEV-2016-0672.We acknowledge the Bioimaging Facility in IST-Austria and the Advanced Microscopy Facility of the Vienna Bio Center Core Facilities, member of the Vienna Bio Center Austria, for use of the OMX v43D SIM microscope. AJ was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): I03630 to J.F","month":"02"},{"date_updated":"2026-04-02T14:01:27Z","ddc":["580","581"],"article_processing_charge":"No","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","corr_author":"1","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","title":"Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth","doi":"10.15479/at:ista:10303","day":"22","publication_status":"published","status":"public","type":"dissertation","has_accepted_license":"1","page":"139","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Benková","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739","first_name":"Eva","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Benková, Eva"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"date_published":"2021-11-22T00:00:00Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"EvBe"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"Bio"}],"_id":"10303","author":[{"full_name":"Abualia, Rashed","id":"4827E134-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Rashed","last_name":"Abualia","orcid":"0000-0002-9357-9415"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"47","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"id":"9913","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"9010"}]},"oa":1,"year":"2021","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2021-11-18T11:20:59Z","file_date_updated":"2022-12-20T23:30:06Z","degree_awarded":"PhD","month":"11","file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"dea38b98aa4da1cea03dcd0f10862818","file_id":"10331","file_name":"AbualiaPhDthesisfinalv3.pdf","date_created":"2021-11-22T14:48:21Z","creator":"rabualia","date_updated":"2022-12-20T23:30:06Z","embargo":"2022-11-23","file_size":28005730},{"date_updated":"2022-12-20T23:30:06Z","file_size":62841883,"embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2021-11-22T14:48:34Z","creator":"rabualia","file_name":"AbualiaPhDthesisfinalv3.docx","file_id":"10332","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","checksum":"4cd62da5ec5ba4c32e61f0f6d9e61920","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"short":"R. Abualia, Role of Hormones in Nitrate Regulated Growth, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.","chicago":"Abualia, Rashed. “Role of Hormones in Nitrate Regulated Growth.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10303.","apa":"Abualia, R. (2021). Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:10303","ista":"Abualia R. 2021. Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Abualia, Rashed. Role of Hormones in Nitrate Regulated Growth. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021, doi:10.15479/at:ista:10303.","ieee":"R. Abualia, “Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2021.","ama":"Abualia R. Role of hormones in nitrate regulated growth. 2021. doi:10.15479/at:ista:10303"},"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Nitrogen is an essential macronutrient determining plant growth, development and affecting agricultural productivity. Root, as a hub that perceives and integrates local and systemic signals on the plant’s external and endogenous nitrogen resources, communicates with other plant organs to consolidate their physiology and development in accordance with actual nitrogen balance. Over the last years, numerous studies demonstrated that these comprehensive developmental adaptations rely on the interaction between pathways controlling nitrogen homeostasis and hormonal networks acting globally in the plant body. However, molecular insights into how the information about the nitrogen status is translated through hormonal pathways into specific developmental output are lacking. In my work, I addressed so far poorly understood mechanisms underlying root-to-shoot communication that lead to a rapid re-adjustment of shoot growth and development after nitrate provision. Applying a combination of molecular, cell, and developmental biology approaches, genetics and grafting experiments as well as hormonal analytics, I identified and characterized an unknown molecular framework orchestrating shoot development with a root nitrate sensory system. "}]},{"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2022-07-19T09:35:43Z","arxiv":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":" 641","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z > 3","publisher":"EDP Sciences","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202038133","publication_status":"published","status":"public","day":"18","type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1432-0746"],"issn":["0004-6361"]},"date_published":"2020-09-18T00:00:00Z","article_number":"A118","keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","galaxies: evolution / galaxies: high-redshift / ISM: lines and bands / ultraviolet: ISM / ultraviolet: galaxies"],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2007.01878"]},"volume":641,"_id":"11501","author":[{"last_name":"Feltre","full_name":"Feltre, Anna","first_name":"Anna"},{"first_name":"Michael V.","full_name":"Maseda, Michael V.","last_name":"Maseda"},{"full_name":"Bacon, Roland","first_name":"Roland","last_name":"Bacon"},{"last_name":"Pradeep","full_name":"Pradeep, Jayadev","first_name":"Jayadev"},{"full_name":"Leclercq, Floriane","first_name":"Floriane","last_name":"Leclercq"},{"full_name":"Kusakabe, Haruka","first_name":"Haruka","last_name":"Kusakabe"},{"first_name":"Lutz","full_name":"Wisotzki, Lutz","last_name":"Wisotzki"},{"last_name":"Hashimoto","full_name":"Hashimoto, Takuya","first_name":"Takuya"},{"full_name":"Schmidt, Kasper B.","first_name":"Kasper B.","last_name":"Schmidt"},{"last_name":"Blaizot","first_name":"Jeremy","full_name":"Blaizot, Jeremy"},{"last_name":"Brinchmann","full_name":"Brinchmann, Jarle","first_name":"Jarle"},{"full_name":"Boogaard, Leindert","first_name":"Leindert","last_name":"Boogaard"},{"first_name":"Sebastiano","full_name":"Cantalupo, Sebastiano","last_name":"Cantalupo"},{"last_name":"Carton","first_name":"David","full_name":"Carton, David"},{"last_name":"Inami","first_name":"Hanae","full_name":"Inami, Hanae"},{"first_name":"Wolfram","full_name":"Kollatschny, Wolfram","last_name":"Kollatschny"},{"first_name":"Raffaella A.","full_name":"Marino, Raffaella A.","last_name":"Marino"},{"first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","last_name":"Matthee"},{"last_name":"Nanayakkara","first_name":"Themiya","full_name":"Nanayakkara, Themiya"},{"first_name":"Johan","full_name":"Richard, Johan","last_name":"Richard"},{"last_name":"Schaye","full_name":"Schaye, Joop","first_name":"Joop"},{"first_name":"Laurence","full_name":"Tresse, Laurence","last_name":"Tresse"},{"last_name":"Urrutia","first_name":"Tanya","full_name":"Urrutia, Tanya"},{"first_name":"Anne","full_name":"Verhamme, Anne","last_name":"Verhamme"},{"full_name":"Weilbacher, Peter M.","first_name":"Peter M.","last_name":"Weilbacher"}],"oa":1,"year":"2020","extern":"1","date_created":"2022-07-06T09:38:16Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.01878","open_access":"1"}],"month":"09","acknowledgement":"We thank Margherita Talia, Stéphane Charlot, Adele Plat and Alba Vidal-García for helpful discussions. This work is supported by the ERC advanced grant 339659-MUSICOS (R. Bacon). AF acknowledges the support from grant PRIN MIUR 2017 20173ML3WW. MVM and JP would like to thank the Leiden/ESA Astrophysics Program for Summer Students (LEAPS) for funding at the outset of this project. FL, HK, and AV acknowledge support from the ERC starting grant ERC-757258-TRIPLE. TH was supported by Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers, MEXT, Japan. JB acknowledges support by FCT/MCTES through national funds by the grant UID/FIS/04434/2019, UIDB/04434/2020 and UIDP/04434/2020 and through the Investigador FCT Contract No. IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003. HI acknowledges support from JSPS KAKENHI Grant Number JP19K23462. We would also like to thank the organizers and participants of the Leiden Lorentz Center workshop: Revolutionary Spectroscopy of Today as a Springboard to Webb. This work made use of several open source python packages: NUMPY (van der Walt et al. 2011), MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013) and MPDAF (MUSE Python Data Analysis Framework, Piqueras et al. 2019).","oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"ama":"Feltre A, Maseda MV, Bacon R, et al. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2020;641. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038133","ieee":"A. Feltre et al., “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z > 3,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 641. EDP Sciences, 2020.","chicago":"Feltre, Anna, Michael V. Maseda, Roland Bacon, Jayadev Pradeep, Floriane Leclercq, Haruka Kusakabe, Lutz Wisotzki, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The Mean Rest-UV Spectra of Lyα Emitters at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038133.","apa":"Feltre, A., Maseda, M. V., Bacon, R., Pradeep, J., Leclercq, F., Kusakabe, H., … Weilbacher, P. M. (2020). The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202038133","mla":"Feltre, Anna, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The Mean Rest-UV Spectra of Lyα Emitters at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 641, A118, EDP Sciences, 2020, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202038133.","ista":"Feltre A, Maseda MV, Bacon R, Pradeep J, Leclercq F, Kusakabe H, Wisotzki L, Hashimoto T, Schmidt KB, Blaizot J, Brinchmann J, Boogaard L, Cantalupo S, Carton D, Inami H, Kollatschny W, Marino RA, Matthee JJ, Nanayakkara T, Richard J, Schaye J, Tresse L, Urrutia T, Verhamme A, Weilbacher PM. 2020. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XV. The mean rest-UV spectra of Lyα emitters at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 641, A118.","short":"A. Feltre, M.V. Maseda, R. Bacon, J. Pradeep, F. Leclercq, H. Kusakabe, L. Wisotzki, T. Hashimoto, K.B. Schmidt, J. Blaizot, J. Brinchmann, L. Boogaard, S. Cantalupo, D. Carton, H. Inami, W. Kollatschny, R.A. Marino, J.J. Matthee, T. Nanayakkara, J. Richard, J. Schaye, L. Tresse, T. Urrutia, A. Verhamme, P.M. Weilbacher, Astronomy & Astrophysics 641 (2020)."},"abstract":[{"text":"We investigated the ultraviolet (UV) spectral properties of faint Lyman-α emitters (LAEs) in the redshift range 2.9 ≤ z ≤ 4.6, and we provide material to prepare future observations of the faint Universe. We used data from the MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Survey to construct mean rest-frame spectra of continuum-faint (median MUV of −18 and down to MUV of −16), low stellar mass (median value of 108.4 M⊙ and down to 107 M⊙) LAEs at redshift z ≳ 3. We computed various averaged spectra of LAEs, subsampled on the basis of their observational (e.g., Lyα strength, UV magnitude and spectral slope) and physical (e.g., stellar mass and star-formation rate) properties. We searched for UV spectral features other than Lyα, such as higher ionization nebular emission lines and absorption features. We successfully observed the O III]λ1666 and [C III]λ1907+C III]λ1909 collisionally excited emission lines and the He IIλ1640 recombination feature, as well as the resonant C IVλλ1548,1551 doublet either in emission or P-Cygni. We compared the observed spectral properties of the different mean spectra and find the emission lines to vary with the observational and physical properties of the LAEs. In particular, the mean spectra of LAEs with larger Lyα equivalent widths, fainter UV magnitudes, bluer UV spectral slopes, and lower stellar masses show the strongest nebular emission. The line ratios of these lines are similar to those measured in the spectra of local metal-poor galaxies, while their equivalent widths are weaker compared to the handful of extreme values detected in individual spectra of z > 2 galaxies. This suggests that weak UV features are likely ubiquitous in high z, low-mass, and faint LAEs. We publicly released the stacked spectra, as they can serve as empirical templates for the design of future observations, such as those with the James Webb Space Telescope and the Extremely Large Telescope.","lang":"eng"}]},{"author":[{"last_name":"Kusakabe","first_name":"Haruka","full_name":"Kusakabe, Haruka"},{"last_name":"Blaizot","first_name":"Jérémy","full_name":"Blaizot, Jérémy"},{"last_name":"Garel","full_name":"Garel, Thibault","first_name":"Thibault"},{"full_name":"Verhamme, Anne","first_name":"Anne","last_name":"Verhamme"},{"full_name":"Bacon, Roland","first_name":"Roland","last_name":"Bacon"},{"last_name":"Richard","first_name":"Johan","full_name":"Richard, Johan"},{"last_name":"Hashimoto","full_name":"Hashimoto, Takuya","first_name":"Takuya"},{"first_name":"Hanae","full_name":"Inami, Hanae","last_name":"Inami"},{"full_name":"Conseil, Simon","first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Conseil"},{"full_name":"Guiderdoni, Bruno","first_name":"Bruno","last_name":"Guiderdoni"},{"first_name":"Alyssa B.","full_name":"Drake, Alyssa B.","last_name":"Drake"},{"full_name":"Christian Herenz, Edmund","first_name":"Edmund","last_name":"Christian Herenz"},{"first_name":"Joop","full_name":"Schaye, Joop","last_name":"Schaye"},{"last_name":"Oesch","full_name":"Oesch, Pascal","first_name":"Pascal"},{"first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","last_name":"Matthee","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X"},{"first_name":"Raffaella","full_name":"Anna Marino, Raffaella","last_name":"Anna Marino"},{"last_name":"Borello Schmidt","full_name":"Borello Schmidt, Kasper","first_name":"Kasper"},{"last_name":"Pelló","full_name":"Pelló, Roser","first_name":"Roser"},{"last_name":"Maseda","full_name":"Maseda, Michael","first_name":"Michael"},{"last_name":"Leclercq","first_name":"Floriane","full_name":"Leclercq, Floriane"},{"full_name":"Kerutt, Josephine","first_name":"Josephine","last_name":"Kerutt"},{"last_name":"Mahler","full_name":"Mahler, Guillaume","first_name":"Guillaume"}],"_id":"11503","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1432-0746"],"issn":["0004-6361"]},"date_published":"2020-06-03T00:00:00Z","article_number":"A12","external_id":{"arxiv":["2003.12083"]},"volume":638,"keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","dark ages / reionization / first stars / early Universe / cosmology: observations / galaxies: evolution / galaxies: high-redshift / intergalactic medium"],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2003.12083"}],"month":"06","acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments and suggestions. We would like to express our gratitude to Stephane De Barros and Pablo Arrabal Haro for kindly providing their data plotted in Figs. 1, 2, and 8. We are grateful to Kazuhiro Shimasaku, Masami Ouchi, Rieko Momose, Daniel Schaerer, Hidenobu Yajima, Taku Okamura, Makoto Ando, and Hinako Goto for giving insightful comments and suggestions. This work is based on observations taken by VLT, which is operated by European Southern Observatory. This research made use of Astropy (http://www.astropy.org), which is a community-developed core Python package for Astronomy (Astropy Collaboration 2013, 2018), MARZ, MPDAF, and matplotlib (Hunter 2007). H.K. acknowledges support from Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) through the JSPS Research Fellowship for Young Scientists and Overseas Challenge Program for Young Researchers. AV acknowledges support from the ERC starting grant 757258-TRIPLE and the SNF Professorship 176808-TRIPLE. This work was supported by the project FOGHAR (Agence Nationale de la Recherche, ANR-13-BS05-0010-02). JB acknowledges support from the ORAGE project from the Agence Nationale de la Recherche under grant ANR-14-CE33-0016-03. JR acknowledges support from the ERC starting grant 336736-CALENDS. T. H. acknowledges supports by the Grant-inAid for Scientic Research 19J01620.","oa_version":"Published Version","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Context. The Lyα emitter (LAE) fraction, XLAE, is a potentially powerful probe of the evolution of the intergalactic neutral hydrogen gas fraction. However, uncertainties in the measurement of XLAE are still under debate.\r\nAims. Thanks to deep data obtained with the integral field spectrograph Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE), we can measure the evolution of the LAE fraction homogeneously over a wide redshift range of z ≈ 3–6 for UV-faint galaxies (down to UV magnitudes of M1500 ≈ −17.75). This is a significantly fainter range than in former studies (M1500 ≤ −18.75) and it allows us to probe the bulk of the population of high-redshift star-forming galaxies.\r\nMethods. We constructed a UV-complete photometric-redshift sample following UV luminosity functions and measured the Lyα emission with MUSE using the latest (second) data release from the MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey.\r\nResults. We derived the redshift evolution of XLAE for M1500 ∈ [ − 21.75; −17.75] for the first time with a equivalent width range EW(Lyα) ≥ 65 Å and found low values of XLAE ≲ 30% at z ≲ 6. The best-fit linear relation is XLAE = 0.07+0.06−0.03z − 0.22+0.12−0.24. For M1500 ∈ [ − 20.25; −18.75] and EW(Lyα) ≥ 25 Å, our XLAE values are consistent with those in the literature within 1σ at z ≲ 5, but our median values are systematically lower than reported values over the whole redshift range. In addition, we do not find a significant dependence of XLAE on M1500 for EW(Lyα) ≥ 50 Å at z ≈ 3–4, in contrast with previous work. The differences in XLAE mainly arise from selection biases for Lyman Break Galaxies (LBGs) in the literature: UV-faint LBGs are more easily selected if they have strong Lyα emission, hence XLAE is biased towards higher values when those samples are used.\r\nConclusions. Our results suggest either a lower increase of XLAE towards z ≈ 6 than previously suggested, or even a turnover of XLAE at z ≈ 5.5, which may be the signature of a late or patchy reionization process. We compared our results with predictions from a cosmological galaxy evolution model. We find that a model with a bursty star formation (SF) can reproduce our observed LAE fractions much better than models where SF is a smooth function of time."}],"citation":{"short":"H. Kusakabe, J. Blaizot, T. Garel, A. Verhamme, R. Bacon, J. Richard, T. Hashimoto, H. Inami, S. Conseil, B. Guiderdoni, A.B. Drake, E. Christian Herenz, J. Schaye, P. Oesch, J.J. Matthee, R. Anna Marino, K. Borello Schmidt, R. Pelló, M. Maseda, F. Leclercq, J. Kerutt, G. Mahler, Astronomy & Astrophysics 638 (2020).","chicago":"Kusakabe, Haruka, Jérémy Blaizot, Thibault Garel, Anne Verhamme, Roland Bacon, Johan Richard, Takuya Hashimoto, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα Emitter Fraction from z = 3 to z = 6.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937340.","ista":"Kusakabe H, Blaizot J, Garel T, Verhamme A, Bacon R, Richard J, Hashimoto T, Inami H, Conseil S, Guiderdoni B, Drake AB, Christian Herenz E, Schaye J, Oesch P, Matthee JJ, Anna Marino R, Borello Schmidt K, Pelló R, Maseda M, Leclercq F, Kerutt J, Mahler G. 2020. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 638, A12.","mla":"Kusakabe, Haruka, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα Emitter Fraction from z = 3 to z = 6.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 638, A12, EDP Sciences, 2020, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937340.","apa":"Kusakabe, H., Blaizot, J., Garel, T., Verhamme, A., Bacon, R., Richard, J., … Mahler, G. (2020). The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937340","ieee":"H. Kusakabe et al., “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 638. EDP Sciences, 2020.","ama":"Kusakabe H, Blaizot J, Garel T, et al. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2020;638. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937340"},"year":"2020","oa":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2022-07-06T09:50:48Z","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":" 638","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"EDP Sciences","title":"The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIV. Evolution of the Lyα emitter fraction from z = 3 to z = 6","date_updated":"2022-07-19T09:35:20Z","article_type":"original","arxiv":1,"type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/201937340","status":"public","day":"03","publication_status":"published"},{"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1432-0746"],"issn":["0004-6361"]},"date_published":"2020-03-11T00:00:00Z","article_number":"A82","keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics galaxies: high-redshift / galaxies: formation / galaxies: evolution / cosmology: observations"],"external_id":{"arxiv":["2002.05731"]},"volume":635,"_id":"11504","author":[{"first_name":"Floriane","full_name":"Leclercq, Floriane","last_name":"Leclercq"},{"last_name":"Bacon","full_name":"Bacon, Roland","first_name":"Roland"},{"first_name":"Anne","full_name":"Verhamme, Anne","last_name":"Verhamme"},{"first_name":"Thibault","full_name":"Garel, Thibault","last_name":"Garel"},{"full_name":"Blaizot, Jérémy","first_name":"Jérémy","last_name":"Blaizot"},{"full_name":"Brinchmann, Jarle","first_name":"Jarle","last_name":"Brinchmann"},{"last_name":"Cantalupo","first_name":"Sebastiano","full_name":"Cantalupo, Sebastiano"},{"first_name":"Adélaïde","full_name":"Claeyssens, Adélaïde","last_name":"Claeyssens"},{"full_name":"Conseil, Simon","first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Conseil"},{"last_name":"Contini","first_name":"Thierry","full_name":"Contini, Thierry"},{"last_name":"Hashimoto","full_name":"Hashimoto, Takuya","first_name":"Takuya"},{"last_name":"Herenz","full_name":"Herenz, Edmund Christian","first_name":"Edmund Christian"},{"full_name":"Kusakabe, Haruka","first_name":"Haruka","last_name":"Kusakabe"},{"last_name":"Marino","full_name":"Marino, Raffaella Anna","first_name":"Raffaella Anna"},{"last_name":"Maseda","first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Maseda, Michael"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","last_name":"Matthee","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720"},{"last_name":"Mitchell","first_name":"Peter","full_name":"Mitchell, Peter"},{"first_name":"Gabriele","full_name":"Pezzulli, Gabriele","last_name":"Pezzulli"},{"last_name":"Richard","full_name":"Richard, Johan","first_name":"Johan"},{"last_name":"Schmidt","full_name":"Schmidt, Kasper Borello","first_name":"Kasper Borello"},{"last_name":"Wisotzki","full_name":"Wisotzki, Lutz","first_name":"Lutz"}],"year":"2020","oa":1,"extern":"1","date_created":"2022-07-06T09:56:20Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.05731"}],"acknowledgement":"F.L., R.B., and S.C. acknowledge support from the ERC advanced grant 339659-MUSICOS. F.L., T.G., H.K., and A.V. acknowledge support from the ERC starting grant ERC-757258-TRIPLE. A.C. and J.R. acknowledge support from the ERC starting grant 336736-CALENDS. J.B. acknowledges support by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PID-DAC) by grant UID/FIS/04434/2019 and through Investigador FCT Contract No.IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003. T.H. was supported by Leading Initiative for Excellent Young Researchers, MEXT, Japan.","month":"03","oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"short":"F. Leclercq, R. Bacon, A. Verhamme, T. Garel, J. Blaizot, J. Brinchmann, S. Cantalupo, A. Claeyssens, S. Conseil, T. Contini, T. Hashimoto, E.C. Herenz, H. Kusakabe, R.A. Marino, M. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, P. Mitchell, G. Pezzulli, J. Richard, K.B. Schmidt, L. Wisotzki, Astronomy & Astrophysics 635 (2020).","chicago":"Leclercq, Floriane, Roland Bacon, Anne Verhamme, Thibault Garel, Jérémy Blaizot, Jarle Brinchmann, Sebastiano Cantalupo, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIII. Spatially Resolved Spectral Properties of Lyman α Haloes around Star-Forming Galaxies at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937339.","apa":"Leclercq, F., Bacon, R., Verhamme, A., Garel, T., Blaizot, J., Brinchmann, J., … Wisotzki, L. (2020). The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/201937339","mla":"Leclercq, Floriane, et al. “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep Field Survey: XIII. Spatially Resolved Spectral Properties of Lyman α Haloes around Star-Forming Galaxies at z > 3.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 635, A82, EDP Sciences, 2020, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937339.","ista":"Leclercq F, Bacon R, Verhamme A, Garel T, Blaizot J, Brinchmann J, Cantalupo S, Claeyssens A, Conseil S, Contini T, Hashimoto T, Herenz EC, Kusakabe H, Marino RA, Maseda M, Matthee JJ, Mitchell P, Pezzulli G, Richard J, Schmidt KB, Wisotzki L. 2020. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 635, A82.","ieee":"F. Leclercq et al., “The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 635. EDP Sciences, 2020.","ama":"Leclercq F, Bacon R, Verhamme A, et al. The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2020;635. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/201937339"},"abstract":[{"text":"We present spatially resolved maps of six individually-detected Lyman α haloes (LAHs) as well as a first statistical analysis of the Lyman α (Lyα) spectral signature in the circum-galactic medium of high-redshift star-forming galaxies (−17.5 > MUV > −21.5) using the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer. Our resolved spectroscopic analysis of the LAHs reveals significant intrahalo variations of the Lyα line profile. Using a three-dimensional two-component model for the Lyα emission, we measured the full width at half maximum (FWHM), the peak velocity shift, and the asymmetry of the Lyα line in the core and in the halo of 19 galaxies. We find that the Lyα line shape is statistically different in the halo compared to the core (in terms of width, peak wavelength, and asymmetry) for ≈40% of our galaxies. Similarly to object-by-object based studies and a recent resolved study using lensing, we find a correlation between the peak velocity shift and the width of the Lyα line both at the interstellar and circum-galactic scales. This trend has been predicted by radiative transfer simulations of galactic winds as a result of resonant scattering in outflows. While there is a lack of correlation between the spectral properties and the spatial scale lengths of our LAHs, we find a correlation between the width of the line in the LAH and the halo flux fraction. Interestingly, UV bright galaxies (MUV < −20) show broader, more redshifted, and less asymmetric Lyα lines in their haloes. The most significant correlation found is for the FWHM of the line and the UV continuum slope of the galaxy, suggesting that the redder galaxies have broader Lyα lines. The generally broad and red line shapes found in the halo component suggest that the Lyα haloes are powered either by scattering processes through an outflowing medium, fluorescent emission from outflowing cold clumps of gas, or a mix of both. Considering the large diversity of the Lyα line profiles observed in our sample and the lack of strong correlation, the interpretation of our results is still broadly open and underlines the need for realistic spatially resolved models of the LAHs.","lang":"eng"}],"date_updated":"2022-07-19T09:36:58Z","article_type":"original","arxiv":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":" 635","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"The MUSE Hubble Ultra Deep field survey: XIII. Spatially resolved spectral properties of Lyman α haloes around star-forming galaxies at z > 3","publisher":"EDP Sciences","doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/201937339","status":"public","day":"11","publication_status":"published","type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Astronomy & Astrophysics"},{"publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1","publication_status":"published","day":"19","status":"public","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ab75c3","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Spectroscopic confirmation of a coma cluster progenitor at z ∼ 2.2","publisher":"IOP Publishing","article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":" 892","arxiv":1,"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2022-07-19T09:31:35Z","oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"text":"We report the spectroscopic confirmation of a new protocluster in the COSMOS field at z ∼ 2.2, COSMOS Cluster 2.2 (CC2.2), originally identified as an overdensity of narrowband selected Hα emitting candidates. With only two masks of Keck/MOSFIRE near-IR spectroscopy in both H (∼1.47–1.81 μm) and K (∼1.92–2.40 μm) bands (∼1.5 hr each), we confirm 35 unique protocluster members with at least two emission lines detected with S/N > 3. Combined with 12 extra members from the zCOSMOS-deep spectroscopic survey (47 in total), we estimate a mean redshift and a line-of-sight velocity dispersion of zmean = 2.23224 ± 0.00101 and σlos = 645 ± 69 km s−1 for this protocluster, respectively. Assuming virialization and spherical symmetry for the system, we estimate a total mass of Mvir ∼ (1–2) ×1014M⊙ for the structure. We evaluate a number density enhancement of δg ∼ 7 for this system and we argue that the structure is likely not fully virialized at z ∼ 2.2. However, in a spherical collapse model, δg is expected to grow to a linear matter enhancement of ∼1.9 by z = 0, exceeding the collapse threshold of 1.69, and leading to a fully collapsed and virialized Coma-type structure with a total mass of Mdyn(z = 0) ∼ 9.2 × 1014M⊙ by now. This observationally efficient confirmation suggests that large narrowband emission-line galaxy surveys, when combined with ancillary photometric data, can be used to effectively trace the large-scale structure and protoclusters at a time when they are mostly dominated by star-forming galaxies.","lang":"eng"}],"citation":{"ieee":"B. Darvish et al., “Spectroscopic confirmation of a coma cluster progenitor at z ∼ 2.2,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 892, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2020.","ama":"Darvish B, Scoville NZ, Martin C, et al. Spectroscopic confirmation of a coma cluster progenitor at z ∼ 2.2. The Astrophysical Journal. 2020;892(1). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab75c3","short":"B. Darvish, N.Z. Scoville, C. Martin, D. Sobral, B. Mobasher, A. Rettura, J.J. Matthee, P. Capak, N. Chartab, S. Hemmati, D. Masters, H. Nayyeri, D. O’Sullivan, A. Paulino-Afonso, Z. Sattari, A. Shahidi, M. Salvato, B.C. Lemaux, O.L. Fèvre, O. Cucciati, The Astrophysical Journal 892 (2020).","apa":"Darvish, B., Scoville, N. Z., Martin, C., Sobral, D., Mobasher, B., Rettura, A., … Cucciati, O. (2020). Spectroscopic confirmation of a coma cluster progenitor at z ∼ 2.2. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab75c3","mla":"Darvish, Behnam, et al. “Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Coma Cluster Progenitor at z ∼ 2.2.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 892, no. 1, 8, IOP Publishing, 2020, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ab75c3.","ista":"Darvish B, Scoville NZ, Martin C, Sobral D, Mobasher B, Rettura A, Matthee JJ, Capak P, Chartab N, Hemmati S, Masters D, Nayyeri H, O’Sullivan D, Paulino-Afonso A, Sattari Z, Shahidi A, Salvato M, Lemaux BC, Fèvre OL, Cucciati O. 2020. Spectroscopic confirmation of a coma cluster progenitor at z ∼ 2.2. The Astrophysical Journal. 892(1), 8.","chicago":"Darvish, Behnam, Nick Z. Scoville, Christopher Martin, David Sobral, Bahram Mobasher, Alessandro Rettura, Jorryt J Matthee, et al. “Spectroscopic Confirmation of a Coma Cluster Progenitor at z ∼ 2.2.” The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ab75c3."},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2002.06207"}],"month":"03","acknowledgement":"We are thankful to the anonymous referee for useful comments and suggestions that improved the quality of this paper. B.D. acknowledges financial support from NASA through the Astrophysics Data Analysis Program (ADAP), grant number NNX12AE20G, and the National Science Foundation, grant number 1716907. B.D. is thankful to Andreas Faisst, Laura Danly, and Matthew Burlando for their companionship during the observing run. B.D. is grateful to the COSMOS team for their useful comments during the team meeting in New York City 2019 May 14–17. A.R. research was made possible by Friends of W. M. Keck Observatory who philanthropically support the Keck Science Collaborative (KSC) fund. The observations presented herein were obtained at the W. M. Keck Observatory (program C236, PI Scoville), which is operated as a scientific partnership among the California Institute of Technology, the University of California, and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration. The Observatory was made possible by the generous financial support of the W. M. Keck Foundation. The authors would like to recognize and acknowledge the very prominent cultural role and reverence that the summit of Maunakea has always had within the indigenous Hawaiian community. We are fortunate to have the opportunity to perform observations from this mountain.","extern":"1","date_created":"2022-07-06T13:10:51Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","issue":"1","year":"2020","oa":1,"_id":"11513","author":[{"last_name":"Darvish","first_name":"Behnam","full_name":"Darvish, Behnam"},{"last_name":"Scoville","first_name":"Nick Z.","full_name":"Scoville, Nick Z."},{"first_name":"Christopher","full_name":"Martin, Christopher","last_name":"Martin"},{"full_name":"Sobral, David","first_name":"David","last_name":"Sobral"},{"first_name":"Bahram","full_name":"Mobasher, Bahram","last_name":"Mobasher"},{"last_name":"Rettura","first_name":"Alessandro","full_name":"Rettura, Alessandro"},{"last_name":"Matthee","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720"},{"full_name":"Capak, Peter","first_name":"Peter","last_name":"Capak"},{"last_name":"Chartab","first_name":"Nima","full_name":"Chartab, Nima"},{"last_name":"Hemmati","full_name":"Hemmati, Shoubaneh","first_name":"Shoubaneh"},{"last_name":"Masters","first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Masters, Daniel"},{"first_name":"Hooshang","full_name":"Nayyeri, Hooshang","last_name":"Nayyeri"},{"last_name":"O’Sullivan","first_name":"Donal","full_name":"O’Sullivan, Donal"},{"first_name":"Ana","full_name":"Paulino-Afonso, Ana","last_name":"Paulino-Afonso"},{"last_name":"Sattari","full_name":"Sattari, Zahra","first_name":"Zahra"},{"first_name":"Abtin","full_name":"Shahidi, Abtin","last_name":"Shahidi"},{"last_name":"Salvato","full_name":"Salvato, Mara","first_name":"Mara"},{"full_name":"Lemaux, Brian C.","first_name":"Brian C.","last_name":"Lemaux"},{"full_name":"Fèvre, Olivier Le","first_name":"Olivier Le","last_name":"Fèvre"},{"first_name":"Olga","full_name":"Cucciati, Olga","last_name":"Cucciati"}],"article_number":"8","keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics"],"volume":892,"external_id":{"arxiv":["2002.06207"]},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X"],"eissn":["1538-4357"]},"date_published":"2020-03-19T00:00:00Z"},{"type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1","page":"1013-1022","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staa1347","status":"public","day":"01","publication_status":"published","article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":" 496","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"Oxford University Press","title":"MUSEQuBES: Calibrating the redshifts of Lyα emitters using stacked circumgalactic medium absorption profiles","date_updated":"2022-08-18T11:00:24Z","article_type":"original","arxiv":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.03593"}],"month":"08","acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous referee for useful suggestions. This study is based on observations collected at the European Organisation for Astronomical Research in the Southern Hemisphere under ESO programme(s): 094.A-0131(B), 095.A 0200(A), 096.A0222(A), 097.A-0089(A), and 099.A-0159(A). SM acknowledges support from the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation, Germany. SM thanks Christian Herenz for useful discussion. SC gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science Foundation grant PP00P2 163824. JB acknowledges support by FCT/MCTES through national funds by grant UID/FIS/04434/2019 and through Investigador FCT Contract No. IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003. NB and JZ acknowledge support from ANR grant ANR-17-CE31- 0017 (3DGasFlows). AC and JR acknowledge support from the ERC starting grant 336736-CALENDS. MA acknowledges support from European Union’s H2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie Actions grant 721463 to the SUNDIAL ITN, and from the Spanish Ministry of Economy and Competitiveness (MINECO) under grant number AYA2016-76219-P. MA also acknowledges support from the Fundacion BBVA under its 2017 programme of assistance to ´scientific research groups, for the project ‘Using machine-learning techniques to drag galaxies from the noise in deep imaging’. FL and AV acknowledge support from the ERC starting grant ERC757258-TRIPLE.","oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Ly α emission lines are typically found to be redshifted with respect to the systemic redshifts of galaxies, likely due to resonant scattering of Ly α photons. Here, we measure the average velocity offset for a sample of 96 z ≈ 3.3 Ly α emitters (LAEs) with a median Ly α flux (luminosity) of ≈10−17 erg cm−2 s−1 (≈1042 erg s−1) and a median star formation rate (SFR) of ≈1.3 M⊙ yr−1 (not corrected for possible dust extinction), detected by the Multi-Unit Spectroscopic Explorer as part of our MUSEQuBES circumgalactic medium (CGM) survey. By postulating that the stacked CGM absorption profiles of these LAEs, probed by eight background quasars, must be centred on the systemic redshift, we measure an average velocity offset, Voffset = 171\\pm 8 km s−1, between the Ly α emission peak and the systemic redshift. The observed Voffset is lower by factors of ≈1.4 and ≈2.6 compared to the velocity offsets measured for narrow-band-selected LAEs and Lyman break galaxies, respectively, which probe galaxies with higher masses and SFRs. Consistent with earlier studies based on direct measurements for individual objects, we find that the Voffset is correlated with the full width at half-maximum of the red peak of the Ly α line, and anticorrelated with the rest-frame equivalent width. Moreover, we find that Voffset is correlated with SFR with a sub-linear scaling relation, Voffset∝SFR0.16±0.03. Adopting the mass scaling for main-sequence galaxies, such a relation suggests that Voffset scales with the circular velocity of the dark matter haloes hosting the LAEs."}],"citation":{"ista":"Muzahid S, Schaye J, Marino RA, Cantalupo S, Brinchmann J, Contini T, Wendt M, Wisotzki L, Zabl J, Bouché N, Akhlaghi M, Chen H-W, Claeyssens A, Johnson S, Leclercq F, Maseda M, Matthee JJ, Richard J, Urrutia T, Verhamme A. 2020. MUSEQuBES: Calibrating the redshifts of Lyα emitters using stacked circumgalactic medium absorption profiles. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 496(2), 1013–1022.","apa":"Muzahid, S., Schaye, J., Marino, R. A., Cantalupo, S., Brinchmann, J., Contini, T., … Verhamme, A. (2020). MUSEQuBES: Calibrating the redshifts of Lyα emitters using stacked circumgalactic medium absorption profiles. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1347","mla":"Muzahid, Sowgat, et al. “MUSEQuBES: Calibrating the Redshifts of Lyα Emitters Using Stacked Circumgalactic Medium Absorption Profiles.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 496, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp. 1013–22, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1347.","chicago":"Muzahid, Sowgat, Joop Schaye, Raffaella Anna Marino, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Jarle Brinchmann, Thierry Contini, Martin Wendt, et al. “MUSEQuBES: Calibrating the Redshifts of Lyα Emitters Using Stacked Circumgalactic Medium Absorption Profiles.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1347.","short":"S. Muzahid, J. Schaye, R.A. Marino, S. Cantalupo, J. Brinchmann, T. Contini, M. Wendt, L. Wisotzki, J. Zabl, N. Bouché, M. Akhlaghi, H.-W. Chen, A. Claeyssens, S. Johnson, F. Leclercq, M. Maseda, J.J. Matthee, J. Richard, T. Urrutia, A. Verhamme, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 496 (2020) 1013–1022.","ama":"Muzahid S, Schaye J, Marino RA, et al. MUSEQuBES: Calibrating the redshifts of Lyα emitters using stacked circumgalactic medium absorption profiles. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;496(2):1013-1022. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1347","ieee":"S. Muzahid et al., “MUSEQuBES: Calibrating the redshifts of Lyα emitters using stacked circumgalactic medium absorption profiles,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 496, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 1013–1022, 2020."},"issue":"2","oa":1,"year":"2020","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2022-07-07T10:20:11Z","extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","_id":"11528","author":[{"full_name":"Muzahid, Sowgat","first_name":"Sowgat","last_name":"Muzahid"},{"last_name":"Schaye","full_name":"Schaye, Joop","first_name":"Joop"},{"full_name":"Marino, Raffaella Anna","first_name":"Raffaella Anna","last_name":"Marino"},{"first_name":"Sebastiano","full_name":"Cantalupo, Sebastiano","last_name":"Cantalupo"},{"first_name":"Jarle","full_name":"Brinchmann, Jarle","last_name":"Brinchmann"},{"full_name":"Contini, Thierry","first_name":"Thierry","last_name":"Contini"},{"last_name":"Wendt","full_name":"Wendt, Martin","first_name":"Martin"},{"last_name":"Wisotzki","full_name":"Wisotzki, Lutz","first_name":"Lutz"},{"last_name":"Zabl","full_name":"Zabl, Johannes","first_name":"Johannes"},{"full_name":"Bouché, Nicolas","first_name":"Nicolas","last_name":"Bouché"},{"last_name":"Akhlaghi","full_name":"Akhlaghi, Mohammad","first_name":"Mohammad"},{"last_name":"Chen","full_name":"Chen, Hsiao-Wen","first_name":"Hsiao-Wen"},{"last_name":"Claeyssens","full_name":"Claeyssens, Adélaîde","first_name":"Adélaîde"},{"full_name":"Johnson, Sean","first_name":"Sean","last_name":"Johnson"},{"first_name":"Floriane","full_name":"Leclercq, Floriane","last_name":"Leclercq"},{"last_name":"Maseda","first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Maseda, Michael"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","last_name":"Matthee","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720"},{"first_name":"Johan","full_name":"Richard, Johan","last_name":"Richard"},{"last_name":"Urrutia","first_name":"Tanya","full_name":"Urrutia, Tanya"},{"last_name":"Verhamme","full_name":"Verhamme, Anne","first_name":"Anne"}],"related_material":{"link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2668","relation":"erratum"}]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1365-2966"],"issn":["0035-8711"]},"date_published":"2020-08-01T00:00:00Z","volume":496,"external_id":{"arxiv":["1910.03593"]},"keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","galaxies: haloes","galaxies: high-redshift","quasars: absorption lines"]},{"external_id":{"arxiv":["2008.01731"]},"volume":498,"keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","galaxies: evolution","galaxies: high-redshift","dark ages","reionization","first stars","cosmology: observations"],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"],"eissn":["1365-2966"]},"date_published":"2020-10-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","first_name":"Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","last_name":"Matthee"},{"first_name":"Gabriele","full_name":"Pezzulli, Gabriele","last_name":"Pezzulli"},{"last_name":"Mackenzie","first_name":"Ruari","full_name":"Mackenzie, Ruari"},{"full_name":"Cantalupo, Sebastiano","first_name":"Sebastiano","last_name":"Cantalupo"},{"last_name":"Kusakabe","full_name":"Kusakabe, Haruka","first_name":"Haruka"},{"last_name":"Leclercq","full_name":"Leclercq, Floriane","first_name":"Floriane"},{"last_name":"Sobral","full_name":"Sobral, David","first_name":"David"},{"first_name":"Johan","full_name":"Richard, Johan","last_name":"Richard"},{"last_name":"Wisotzki","full_name":"Wisotzki, Lutz","first_name":"Lutz"},{"first_name":"Simon","full_name":"Lilly, Simon","last_name":"Lilly"},{"full_name":"Boogaard, Leindert","first_name":"Leindert","last_name":"Boogaard"},{"full_name":"Marino, Raffaella","first_name":"Raffaella","last_name":"Marino"},{"last_name":"Maseda","full_name":"Maseda, Michael","first_name":"Michael"},{"full_name":"Nanayakkara, Themiya","first_name":"Themiya","last_name":"Nanayakkara"}],"_id":"11529","date_created":"2022-07-07T10:36:01Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","issue":"2","year":"2020","oa":1,"oa_version":"Preprint","citation":{"ieee":"J. J. Matthee et al., “The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE: A young starburst powering extended Ly α emission at z = 6.6,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 498, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 3043–3059, 2020.","ama":"Matthee JJ, Pezzulli G, Mackenzie R, et al. The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE: A young starburst powering extended Ly α emission at z = 6.6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;498(2):3043-3059. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2550","short":"J.J. Matthee, G. Pezzulli, R. Mackenzie, S. Cantalupo, H. Kusakabe, F. Leclercq, D. Sobral, J. Richard, L. Wisotzki, S. Lilly, L. Boogaard, R. Marino, M. Maseda, T. Nanayakkara, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 498 (2020) 3043–3059.","chicago":"Matthee, Jorryt J, Gabriele Pezzulli, Ruari Mackenzie, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Haruka Kusakabe, Floriane Leclercq, David Sobral, et al. “The Nature of CR7 Revealed with MUSE: A Young Starburst Powering Extended Ly α Emission at z = 6.6.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2550.","ista":"Matthee JJ, Pezzulli G, Mackenzie R, Cantalupo S, Kusakabe H, Leclercq F, Sobral D, Richard J, Wisotzki L, Lilly S, Boogaard L, Marino R, Maseda M, Nanayakkara T. 2020. The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE: A young starburst powering extended Ly α emission at z = 6.6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 498(2), 3043–3059.","apa":"Matthee, J. J., Pezzulli, G., Mackenzie, R., Cantalupo, S., Kusakabe, H., Leclercq, F., … Nanayakkara, T. (2020). The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE: A young starburst powering extended Ly α emission at z = 6.6. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa2550","mla":"Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “The Nature of CR7 Revealed with MUSE: A Young Starburst Powering Extended Ly α Emission at z = 6.6.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 498, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp. 3043–59, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa2550."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"CR7 is among the most luminous Ly α emitters (LAEs) known at z = 6.6 and consists of at least three UV components that are surrounded by Ly α emission. Previous studies have suggested that it may host an extreme ionizing source. Here, we present deep integral field spectroscopy of CR7 with VLT/Multi Unit Spectroscopic Explorer (MUSE). We measure extended emission with a similar halo scale length as typical LAEs at z ≈ 5. CR7’s Ly α halo is clearly elongated along the direction connecting the multiple components, likely tracing the underlying gas distribution. The Ly α emission originates almost exclusively from the brightest UV component, but we also identify a faint kinematically distinct Ly α emitting region nearby a fainter component. Combined with new near-infrared data, the MUSE data show that the rest-frame Ly α equivalent width (EW) is ≈100 Å. This is a factor 4 higher than the EW measured in low-redshift analogues with carefully matched Ly α profiles (and thus arguably H I column density), but this EW can plausibly be explained by star formation. Alternative scenarios requiring active galactic nucleus (AGN) powering are also disfavoured by the narrower and steeper Ly α spectrum and much smaller IR to UV ratio compared to obscured AGN in other Ly α blobs. CR7’s Ly α emission, while extremely luminous, resembles the emission in more common LAEs at lower redshifts very well and is likely powered by a young metal-poor starburst."}],"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2008.01731","open_access":"1"}],"month":"10","arxiv":1,"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2024-10-14T11:33:21Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"Oxford University Press","title":"The nature of CR7 revealed with MUSE: A young starburst powering extended Ly α emission at z = 6.6","article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":" 498","day":"01","status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staa2550","page":"3043-3059","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1"},{"date_published":"2020-06-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1365-2966"],"issn":["0035-8711"]},"volume":495,"external_id":{"arxiv":["2005.01732"]},"keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","galaxies: active","galaxies: high-redshift","intergalactic medium","quasars: emission lines","quasars: general"],"_id":"11530","author":[{"last_name":"den Brok","full_name":"den Brok, J S","first_name":"J S"},{"first_name":"S","full_name":"Cantalupo, S","last_name":"Cantalupo"},{"first_name":"R","full_name":"Mackenzie, R","last_name":"Mackenzie"},{"first_name":"R A","full_name":"Marino, R A","last_name":"Marino"},{"last_name":"Pezzulli","first_name":"G","full_name":"Pezzulli, G"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","last_name":"Matthee","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","first_name":"Jorryt J","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J"},{"last_name":"Johnson","first_name":"S D","full_name":"Johnson, S D"},{"last_name":"Krumpe","first_name":"M","full_name":"Krumpe, M"},{"full_name":"Urrutia, T","first_name":"T","last_name":"Urrutia"},{"last_name":"Kollatschny","full_name":"Kollatschny, W","first_name":"W"}],"oa":1,"year":"2020","issue":"2","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2022-07-07T10:40:17Z","extern":"1","month":"06","acknowledgement":"SC and GP gratefully acknowledge support from Swiss National Science Foundation grant PP00P2 163824. MK acknowledges support by DLR500R1904.","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2005.01732","open_access":"1"}],"citation":{"short":"J.S. den Brok, S. Cantalupo, R. Mackenzie, R.A. Marino, G. Pezzulli, J.J. Matthee, S.D. Johnson, M. Krumpe, T. Urrutia, W. Kollatschny, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 495 (2020) 1874–1887.","chicago":"den Brok, J S, S Cantalupo, R Mackenzie, R A Marino, G Pezzulli, Jorryt J Matthee, S D Johnson, M Krumpe, T Urrutia, and W Kollatschny. “Probing the AGN Unification Model at Redshift z ∼ 3 with MUSE Observations of Giant Lyα Nebulae.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1269.","ista":"den Brok JS, Cantalupo S, Mackenzie R, Marino RA, Pezzulli G, Matthee JJ, Johnson SD, Krumpe M, Urrutia T, Kollatschny W. 2020. Probing the AGN unification model at redshift z ∼ 3 with MUSE observations of giant Lyα nebulae. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 495(2), 1874–1887.","mla":"den Brok, J. S., et al. “Probing the AGN Unification Model at Redshift z ∼ 3 with MUSE Observations of Giant Lyα Nebulae.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 495, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp. 1874–87, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1269.","apa":"den Brok, J. S., Cantalupo, S., Mackenzie, R., Marino, R. A., Pezzulli, G., Matthee, J. J., … Kollatschny, W. (2020). Probing the AGN unification model at redshift z ∼ 3 with MUSE observations of giant Lyα nebulae. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa1269","ieee":"J. S. den Brok et al., “Probing the AGN unification model at redshift z ∼ 3 with MUSE observations of giant Lyα nebulae,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 495, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 1874–1887, 2020.","ama":"den Brok JS, Cantalupo S, Mackenzie R, et al. Probing the AGN unification model at redshift z ∼ 3 with MUSE observations of giant Lyα nebulae. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;495(2):1874-1887. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa1269"},"abstract":[{"text":"A prediction of the classic active galactic nucleus (AGN) unification model is the presence of ionization cones with different orientations depending on the AGN type. Confirmations of this model exist for present times, but it is less clear in the early Universe. Here, we use the morphology of giant Ly α nebulae around AGNs at redshift z ∼ 3 to probe AGN emission and therefore the validity of the AGN unification model at this redshift. We compare the spatial morphology of 19 nebulae previously found around type I AGNs with a new sample of four Ly α nebulae detected around type II AGNs. Using two independent techniques, we find that nebulae around type II AGNs are more asymmetric than around type I, at least at radial distances r > 30 physical kpc (pkpc) from the ionizing source. We conclude that the type I and type II AGNs in our sample show evidence of different surrounding ionizing geometries. This suggests that the classical AGN unification model is also valid for high-redshift sources. Finally, we discuss how the lack of asymmetry in the inner parts (r ≲ 30 pkpc) and the associated high values of the He II to Ly α ratios in these regions could indicate additional sources of (hard) ionizing radiation originating within or in proximity of the AGN host galaxies. This work demonstrates that the morphologies of giant Ly α nebulae can be used to understand and study the geometry of high-redshift AGNs on circumnuclear scales and it lays the foundation for future studies using much larger statistical samples.","lang":"eng"}],"oa_version":"Preprint","article_type":"original","date_updated":"2022-08-18T11:17:47Z","arxiv":1,"intvolume":" 495","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Oxford University Press","title":"Probing the AGN unification model at redshift z ∼ 3 with MUSE observations of giant Lyα nebulae","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staa1269","status":"public","publication_status":"published","day":"01","scopus_import":"1","type":"journal_article","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","page":"1874-1887"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"While low-luminosity galaxies dominate number counts at all redshifts, their contribution to cosmic reionization is poorly understood due to a lack of knowledge of their physical properties. We isolate a sample of 35 z ≈ 4–5 continuum-faint Lyman-α emitters from deep VLT/MUSE spectroscopy and directly measure their H α emission using stacked Spitzer/IRAC Ch. 1 photometry. Based on Hubble Space Telescope imaging, we determine that the average UV continuum magnitude is fainter than −16 (≈ 0.01 L⋆), implying a median Lyman-α equivalent width of 259 Å. By combining the H α measurement with the UV magnitude, we determine the ionizing photon production efficiency, ξion, a first for such faint galaxies. The measurement of log10 (ξion [Hz erg−1]) = 26.28 (+0.28−0.40) is in excess of literature measurements of both continuum- and emission line-selected samples, implying a more efficient production of ionizing photons in these lower luminosity, Lyman-α-selected systems. We conclude that this elevated efficiency can be explained by stellar populations with metallicities between 4 × 10−4 and 0.008, with light-weighted ages less than 3 Myr."}],"citation":{"short":"M.V. Maseda, R. Bacon, D. Lam, J.J. Matthee, J. Brinchmann, J. Schaye, I. Labbe, K.B. Schmidt, L. Boogaard, R. Bouwens, S. Cantalupo, M. Franx, T. Hashimoto, H. Inami, H. Kusakabe, G. Mahler, T. Nanayakkara, J. Richard, L. Wisotzki, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493 (2020) 5120–5130.","chicago":"Maseda, Michael V, Roland Bacon, Daniel Lam, Jorryt J Matthee, Jarle Brinchmann, Joop Schaye, Ivo Labbe, et al. “Elevated Ionizing Photon Production Efficiency in Faint High-Equivalent-Width Lyman-α Emitters.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa622.","apa":"Maseda, M. V., Bacon, R., Lam, D., Matthee, J. J., Brinchmann, J., Schaye, J., … Wisotzki, L. (2020). Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa622","mla":"Maseda, Michael V., et al. “Elevated Ionizing Photon Production Efficiency in Faint High-Equivalent-Width Lyman-α Emitters.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 4, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp. 5120–30, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa622.","ista":"Maseda MV, Bacon R, Lam D, Matthee JJ, Brinchmann J, Schaye J, Labbe I, Schmidt KB, Boogaard L, Bouwens R, Cantalupo S, Franx M, Hashimoto T, Inami H, Kusakabe H, Mahler G, Nanayakkara T, Richard J, Wisotzki L. 2020. Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493(4), 5120–5130.","ieee":"M. V. Maseda et al., “Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 4. Oxford University Press, pp. 5120–5130, 2020.","ama":"Maseda MV, Bacon R, Lam D, et al. Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;493(4):5120-5130. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa622"},"oa_version":"Published Version","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank the anonymous referee for a thoughtful report and suggestions that have improved this manuscript. We are also grateful to everyone involved in the Spitzer Space Telescope mission and everyone at the Spitzer Science Center: we are truly fortunate to have been able to use data from this facility. J. B. acknowledges support by FCT/MCTES through national funds by this grant UID/FIS/04434/2019 and through the Investigador FCT contract no. IF/01654/2014/CP1215/CT0003. S. C. gratefully acknowledges support from Swiss National Science Foundation grant PP00P2 163824. We would also like to thank Mauro Stefanon for his assistance with de-blending the IRAC photometry, Pieter van Dokkum for a number of useful suggestions, and Daniel Schaerer for information regarding the stellar population models. This study is based on observations made with ESO telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under programs IDs 094.A-2089(B), 095.A0010(A), 096.A-0045(A), and 096.A-0045(B).","month":"04","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa622","open_access":"1"}],"quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2022-07-07T10:46:41Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","year":"2020","oa":1,"issue":"4","author":[{"first_name":"Michael V","full_name":"Maseda, Michael V","last_name":"Maseda"},{"last_name":"Bacon","full_name":"Bacon, Roland","first_name":"Roland"},{"last_name":"Lam","full_name":"Lam, Daniel","first_name":"Daniel"},{"full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","last_name":"Matthee","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X"},{"full_name":"Brinchmann, Jarle","first_name":"Jarle","last_name":"Brinchmann"},{"last_name":"Schaye","full_name":"Schaye, Joop","first_name":"Joop"},{"last_name":"Labbe","full_name":"Labbe, Ivo","first_name":"Ivo"},{"last_name":"Schmidt","full_name":"Schmidt, Kasper B","first_name":"Kasper B"},{"full_name":"Boogaard, Leindert","first_name":"Leindert","last_name":"Boogaard"},{"last_name":"Bouwens","first_name":"Rychard","full_name":"Bouwens, Rychard"},{"last_name":"Cantalupo","first_name":"Sebastiano","full_name":"Cantalupo, Sebastiano"},{"last_name":"Franx","full_name":"Franx, Marijn","first_name":"Marijn"},{"full_name":"Hashimoto, Takuya","first_name":"Takuya","last_name":"Hashimoto"},{"full_name":"Inami, Hanae","first_name":"Hanae","last_name":"Inami"},{"full_name":"Kusakabe, Haruka","first_name":"Haruka","last_name":"Kusakabe"},{"last_name":"Mahler","full_name":"Mahler, Guillaume","first_name":"Guillaume"},{"first_name":"Themiya","full_name":"Nanayakkara, Themiya","last_name":"Nanayakkara"},{"last_name":"Richard","first_name":"Johan","full_name":"Richard, Johan"},{"full_name":"Wisotzki, Lutz","first_name":"Lutz","last_name":"Wisotzki"}],"_id":"11531","external_id":{"arxiv":["2002.11117"]},"volume":493,"keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","Galaxies: evolution","Galaxies: high-redshift","Galaxies: ISM"],"date_published":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"],"eissn":["1365-2966"]},"publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","page":"5120-5130","scopus_import":"1","type":"journal_article","publication_status":"published","day":"01","status":"public","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staa622","publisher":"Oxford University Press","title":"Elevated ionizing photon production efficiency in faint high-equivalent-width Lyman-α emitters","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":" 493","article_processing_charge":"No","arxiv":1,"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2022-08-18T11:23:27Z"},{"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1365-2966"],"issn":["0035-8711"]},"date_published":"2020-03-01T00:00:00Z","volume":493,"external_id":{"arxiv":["1910.02959"]},"keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","galaxies: evolution","galaxies: formation","galaxies: high-redshift","galaxies: star formation"],"_id":"11533","author":[{"full_name":"Santos, S","first_name":"S","last_name":"Santos"},{"full_name":"Sobral, D","first_name":"D","last_name":"Sobral"},{"first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","last_name":"Matthee"},{"last_name":"Calhau","full_name":"Calhau, J","first_name":"J"},{"first_name":"E","full_name":"da Cunha, E","last_name":"da Cunha"},{"last_name":"Ribeiro","full_name":"Ribeiro, B","first_name":"B"},{"full_name":"Paulino-Afonso, A","first_name":"A","last_name":"Paulino-Afonso"},{"full_name":"Arrabal Haro, P","first_name":"P","last_name":"Arrabal Haro"},{"first_name":"J","full_name":"Butterworth, J","last_name":"Butterworth"}],"issue":"1","year":"2020","oa":1,"date_created":"2022-07-07T12:05:23Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1910.02959","open_access":"1"}],"acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous referee for the valuable feedback that significantly improved the quality and clarity of this paper. SS and JC acknowledge studentships from Lancaster University. APA acknowledges support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia through the project PTDC/FISAST/31546/2017. The authors would like to thank Ali Khostovan, Sara Perez Sanchez, Alex Bennett and Tom Rose for contributions and discussions in the early stages of this work. Based on data products from observations made with ESO Telescopes at the La Silla Paranal Observatory under ESO programme ID 179.A-2005 and on data products produced by CALET and the Cambridge Astronomy Survey Unit on behalf of the UltraVISTA consortium. Finally, the authors acknowledge the unique value of the publicly available analysis software TOPCAT (Taylor 2005) and publicly available programming language Python, including the numpy, pyfits, matplotlib, scipy and astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2013) packages. This work is based on the public SC4K sample of LAEs (Sobral et al. 2018a) and we release the full catalogue with all the photometry and properties derived in this paper, in electronic format, along with the relevant tables.","month":"03","oa_version":"Preprint","abstract":[{"text":"We explore deep rest-frame UV to FIR data in the COSMOS field to measure the individual spectral energy distributions (SED) of the ∼4000 SC4K (Sobral et al.) Lyman α (Ly α) emitters (LAEs) at z ∼ 2–6. We find typical stellar masses of 109.3 ± 0.6 M⊙ and star formation rates (SFR) of SFRSED=4.4+10.5−2.4 M⊙ yr−1 and SFRLyα=5.9+6.3−2.6 M⊙ yr−1, combined with very blue UV slopes of β=−2.1+0.5−0.4, but with significant variations within the population. MUV and β are correlated in a similar way to UV-selected sources, but LAEs are consistently bluer. This suggests that LAEs are the youngest and/or most dust-poor subset of the UV-selected population. We also study the Ly α rest-frame equivalent width (EW0) and find 45 ‘extreme’ LAEs with EW0 > 240 Å (3σ), implying a low number density of (7 ± 1) × 10−7 Mpc−3. Overall, we measure little to no evolution of the Ly α EW0 and scale length parameter (w0), which are consistently high (EW0=140+280−70 Å, w0=129+11−11 Å) from z ∼ 6 to z ∼ 2 and below. However, w0 is anticorrelated with MUV and stellar mass. Our results imply that sources selected as LAEs have a high Ly α escape fraction (fesc,Ly α) irrespective of cosmic time, but fesc,Ly α is still higher for UV-fainter and lower mass LAEs. The least massive LAEs (<109.5 M⊙) are typically located above the star formation ‘main sequence’ (MS), but the offset from the MS decreases towards z ∼ 6 and towards 1010 M⊙. Our results imply a lack of evolution in the properties of LAEs across time and reveals the increasing overlap in properties of LAEs and UV-continuum selected galaxies as typical star-forming galaxies at high redshift effectively become LAEs.","lang":"eng"}],"citation":{"ama":"Santos S, Sobral D, Matthee JJ, et al. The evolution of rest-frame UV properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;493(1):141-160. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa093","ieee":"S. Santos et al., “The evolution of rest-frame UV properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 141–160, 2020.","chicago":"Santos, S, D Sobral, Jorryt J Matthee, J Calhau, E da Cunha, B Ribeiro, A Paulino-Afonso, P Arrabal Haro, and J Butterworth. “The Evolution of Rest-Frame UV Properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–Stellar Mass Relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa093.","mla":"Santos, S., et al. “The Evolution of Rest-Frame UV Properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–Stellar Mass Relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp. 141–60, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa093.","ista":"Santos S, Sobral D, Matthee JJ, Calhau J, da Cunha E, Ribeiro B, Paulino-Afonso A, Arrabal Haro P, Butterworth J. 2020. The evolution of rest-frame UV properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493(1), 141–160.","apa":"Santos, S., Sobral, D., Matthee, J. J., Calhau, J., da Cunha, E., Ribeiro, B., … Butterworth, J. (2020). The evolution of rest-frame UV properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa093","short":"S. Santos, D. Sobral, J.J. Matthee, J. Calhau, E. da Cunha, B. Ribeiro, A. Paulino-Afonso, P. Arrabal Haro, J. Butterworth, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493 (2020) 141–160."},"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2022-08-18T11:27:43Z","arxiv":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":" 493","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"Oxford University Press","title":"The evolution of rest-frame UV properties, Ly α EWs, and the SFR–stellar mass relation at z ∼ 2–6 for SC4K LAEs","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staa093","status":"public","publication_status":"published","day":"01","type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1","page":"141-160","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society"},{"issue":"2","oa":1,"year":"2020","date_created":"2022-07-07T12:21:36Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","quality_controlled":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.06376","open_access":"1"}],"acknowledgement":"We thank the referee for their suggestions and constructive comments that helped to improve the presentation of our results. Based on observations obtained with the Very Large Telescope, program 99.A-0462. Based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope, obtained at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. These observations are associated with program #14699. This paper makes use of the following ALMA data: ADS/JAO.ALMA#2017.1.01451.S. ALMA is a partnership of ESO (representing its member states), NSF (USA), and NINS (Japan), together with NRC (Canada) and NSC and ASIAA (Taiwan) and KASI (Republic of Korea), in cooperation with the Republic of Chile. The Joint ALMA Observatory is operated by ESO, AUI/NRAO, and NAOJ. MG acknowledges support from NASA grant NNX17AK58G. GP and SC gratefully acknowledge support from Swiss National Science Foundation grant PP00P2 163824. BD acknowledges financial support from the National Science Foundation, grant number 1716907. We have benefited greatly from the public available programming language PYTHON, including the NUMPY, MATPLOTLIB, SCIPY (Jones et al. 2001; Hunter 2007; van der Walt, Colbert & Varoquaux 2011) and ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013) packages, the astronomical imaging tools SEXTRACTOR, SWARP, and SCAMP (Bertin & Arnouts 1996; Bertin 2006, 2010) and the TOPCAT analysis tool (Taylor 2013).","month":"02","oa_version":"Preprint","citation":{"apa":"Matthee, J. J., Sobral, D., Gronke, M., Pezzulli, G., Cantalupo, S., Röttgering, H., … Santos, S. (2020). Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break galaxy in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3554","ista":"Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Gronke M, Pezzulli G, Cantalupo S, Röttgering H, Darvish B, Santos S. 2020. Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break galaxy in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 492(2), 1778–1790.","mla":"Matthee, Jorryt J., et al. “Resolved Lyman-α Properties of a Luminous Lyman-Break Galaxy in a Large Ionized Bubble at z = 6.53 .” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 492, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp. 1778–90, doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3554.","chicago":"Matthee, Jorryt J, David Sobral, Max Gronke, Gabriele Pezzulli, Sebastiano Cantalupo, Huub Röttgering, Behnam Darvish, and Sérgio Santos. “Resolved Lyman-α Properties of a Luminous Lyman-Break Galaxy in a Large Ionized Bubble at z = 6.53 .” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stz3554.","short":"J.J. Matthee, D. Sobral, M. Gronke, G. Pezzulli, S. Cantalupo, H. Röttgering, B. Darvish, S. Santos, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 492 (2020) 1778–1790.","ama":"Matthee JJ, Sobral D, Gronke M, et al. Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break galaxy in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 . Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;492(2):1778-1790. doi:10.1093/mnras/stz3554","ieee":"J. J. Matthee et al., “Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break galaxy in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 ,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 492, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 1778–1790, 2020."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The observed properties of the Lyman-α (Ly α) emission line are a powerful probe of neutral gas in and around galaxies. We present spatially resolved Ly α spectroscopy with VLT/MUSE targeting VR7, a UV-luminous galaxy at z = 6.532 with moderate Ly α equivalent width (EW0 ≈ 38 Å). These data are combined with deep resolved [CII]158μm spectroscopy obtained with ALMA and UV imaging from HST and we also detect UV continuum with MUSE. Ly α emission is clearly detected with S/N ≈ 40 and FWHM of 374 km s−1. Ly α and [C II] are similarly extended beyond the UV, with effective radius reff = 2.1 ± 0.2 kpc for a single exponential model or reff,Lyα,halo=3.45+1.08−0.87 kpc when measured jointly with the UV continuum. The Ly α profile is broader and redshifted with respect to the [C II] line (by 213 km s−1), but there are spatial variations that are qualitatively similar in both lines and coincide with resolved UV components. This suggests that the emission originates from two components with plausibly different H I column densities. We place VR7 in the context of other galaxies at similar and lower redshift. The Ly α halo scale length is similar at different redshifts and velocity shifts with respect to the systemic are typically smaller. Overall, we find little indications of a more neutral vicinity at higher redshift. This means that the local (∼10 kpc) neutral gas conditions that determine the observed Ly α properties in VR7 resemble the conditions in post-reionization galaxies."}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"],"eissn":["1365-2966"]},"date_published":"2020-02-01T00:00:00Z","volume":492,"external_id":{"arxiv":["1909.06376"]},"keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","galaxies: evolution","galaxies: high-redshift","dark ages","reionization","first stars","cosmology: observations"],"_id":"11534","author":[{"last_name":"Matthee","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","first_name":"Jorryt J","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J"},{"last_name":"Sobral","full_name":"Sobral, David","first_name":"David"},{"first_name":"Max","full_name":"Gronke, Max","last_name":"Gronke"},{"last_name":"Pezzulli","full_name":"Pezzulli, Gabriele","first_name":"Gabriele"},{"last_name":"Cantalupo","full_name":"Cantalupo, Sebastiano","first_name":"Sebastiano"},{"full_name":"Röttgering, Huub","first_name":"Huub","last_name":"Röttgering"},{"last_name":"Darvish","first_name":"Behnam","full_name":"Darvish, Behnam"},{"full_name":"Santos, Sérgio","first_name":"Sérgio","last_name":"Santos"}],"doi":"10.1093/mnras/stz3554","status":"public","day":"01","publication_status":"published","type":"journal_article","scopus_import":"1","page":"1778-1790","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","date_updated":"2024-10-14T11:33:34Z","article_type":"original","arxiv":1,"article_processing_charge":"No","intvolume":" 492","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"Oxford University Press","title":"Resolved Lyman-α properties of a luminous Lyman-break galaxy in a large ionized bubble at z = 6.53 "},{"title":"The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population","publisher":"Oxford University Press","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":" 493","article_processing_charge":"No","arxiv":1,"article_type":"original","date_updated":"2022-08-18T11:25:31Z","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","page":"3341-3362","scopus_import":"1","type":"journal_article","publication_status":"published","status":"public","day":"01","doi":"10.1093/mnras/staa476","author":[{"last_name":"Calhau","first_name":"João","full_name":"Calhau, João"},{"first_name":"David","full_name":"Sobral, David","last_name":"Sobral"},{"full_name":"Santos, Sérgio","first_name":"Sérgio","last_name":"Santos"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","last_name":"Matthee","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720"},{"last_name":"Paulino-Afonso","full_name":"Paulino-Afonso, Ana","first_name":"Ana"},{"last_name":"Stroe","full_name":"Stroe, Andra","first_name":"Andra"},{"full_name":"Simmons, Brooke","first_name":"Brooke","last_name":"Simmons"},{"last_name":"Barlow-Hall","full_name":"Barlow-Hall, Cassandra","first_name":"Cassandra"},{"last_name":"Adams","full_name":"Adams, Benjamin","first_name":"Benjamin"}],"_id":"11539","keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics","galaxies: active","galaxies: evolution","galaxies: high-redshift","quasars: supermassive black holes","galaxies: star formation","cosmology: observations","X-rays: galaxies"],"external_id":{"arxiv":["1909.11672"]},"volume":493,"date_published":"2020-04-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711"],"eissn":["1365-2966"]},"citation":{"apa":"Calhau, J., Sobral, D., Santos, S., Matthee, J. J., Paulino-Afonso, A., Stroe, A., … Adams, B. (2020). The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa476","mla":"Calhau, João, et al. “The X-Ray and Radio Activity of Typical and Luminous Ly α Emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a Diverse, Evolving Population.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 3, Oxford University Press, 2020, pp. 3341–62, doi:10.1093/mnras/staa476.","ista":"Calhau J, Sobral D, Santos S, Matthee JJ, Paulino-Afonso A, Stroe A, Simmons B, Barlow-Hall C, Adams B. 2020. The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 493(3), 3341–3362.","chicago":"Calhau, João, David Sobral, Sérgio Santos, Jorryt J Matthee, Ana Paulino-Afonso, Andra Stroe, Brooke Simmons, Cassandra Barlow-Hall, and Benjamin Adams. “The X-Ray and Radio Activity of Typical and Luminous Ly α Emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a Diverse, Evolving Population.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staa476.","short":"J. Calhau, D. Sobral, S. Santos, J.J. Matthee, A. Paulino-Afonso, A. Stroe, B. Simmons, C. Barlow-Hall, B. Adams, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 493 (2020) 3341–3362.","ama":"Calhau J, Sobral D, Santos S, et al. The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2020;493(3):3341-3362. doi:10.1093/mnras/staa476","ieee":"J. Calhau et al., “The X-ray and radio activity of typical and luminous Ly α emitters from z ∼ 2 to z ∼ 6: Evidence for a diverse, evolving population,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 493, no. 3. Oxford University Press, pp. 3341–3362, 2020."},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Despite recent progress in understanding Ly α emitters (LAEs), relatively little is known regarding their typical black hole activity across cosmic time. Here, we study the X-ray and radio properties of ∼4000 LAEs at 2.2 < z < 6 from the SC4K survey in the COSMOS field. We detect 254 (6.8per cent±0.4per cent) LAEs individually in the X-rays (S/N > 3) with an average luminosity of 1044.31±0.01ergs−1 and average black hole accretion rate (BHAR) of 0.72±0.01 M⊙ yr−1, consistent with moderate to high accreting active galactic neuclei (AGNs). We detect 120 sources in deep radio data (radio AGN fraction of 3.2per cent±0.3per cent). The global AGN fraction (8.6per cent±0.4per cent) rises with Ly α luminosity and declines with increasing redshift. For X-ray-detected LAEs, Ly α luminosities correlate with the BHARs, suggesting that Ly α luminosity becomes a BHAR indicator. Most LAEs (93.1per cent±0.6per cent) at 2 < z < 6 have no detectable X-ray emission (BHARs < 0.017 M⊙ yr−1). The median star formation rate (SFR) of star-forming LAEs from Ly α and radio luminosities is 7.6+6.6−2.8 M⊙ yr−1. The black hole to galaxy growth ratio (BHAR/SFR) for LAEs is <0.0022, consistent with typical star-forming galaxies and the local BHAR/SFR relation. We conclude that LAEs at 2 < z < 6 include two different populations: an AGN population, where Ly α luminosity traces BHAR, and another with low SFRs which remain undetected in even the deepest X-ray stacks but is detected in the radio stacks."}],"oa_version":"Preprint","acknowledgement":"JM acknowledges the support of a Huygens PhD fellowship from Leiden University. We thank Camila Correa for help analysing snipshot merger trees. We thank the anonymous referee for constructive comments. We also thank Jarle Brinchmann, Rob Crain, Antonios Katsianis, Paola Popesso, and David Sobral for discussions and suggestions. We also thank the participants of the Lorentz Center workshop ‘A Decade of the Star-Forming Main Sequence’ held on 2017 September 4–8, for discussions and ideas. We have benefited from the public available programming language PYTHON, including the NUMPY, MATPLOTLIB, and SCIPY (Hunter 2007) packages and the TOPCAT analysis tool (Taylor 2013).","month":"04","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1909.11672"}],"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2022-07-08T07:34:10Z","oa":1,"year":"2020","issue":"3"},{"date_updated":"2024-10-14T11:38:21Z","arxiv":1,"intvolume":" 15","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","title":"Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters in the epoch of reionisation","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","doi":"10.1017/s1743921319009451","publication_status":"published","day":"04","status":"public","scopus_import":"1","type":"conference","publication":"Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union","page":"21-25","date_published":"2020-06-04T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1743-9213"],"eissn":["1743-9221"]},"volume":15,"external_id":{"arxiv":["1911.04774"]},"keyword":["Astronomy and Astrophysics","Space and Planetary Science","galaxies: formation","galaxies: evolution","galaxies: high-redshift"],"author":[{"last_name":"Matthee","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J"},{"last_name":"Sobral","first_name":"David","full_name":"Sobral, David"}],"_id":"11586","year":"2020","oa":1,"issue":"S352","quality_controlled":"1","date_created":"2022-07-14T14:08:41Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","month":"06","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/1911.04774"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Distant luminous Lyman-α emitters are excellent targets for detailed observations of galaxies in the epoch of reionisation. Spatially resolved observations of these galaxies allow us to simultaneously probe the emission from young stars, partially ionised gas in the interstellar medium and to constrain the properties of the surrounding hydrogen in the circumgalactic medium. We review recent results from (spectroscopic) follow-up studies of the rest-frame UV, Lyman-α and [CII] emission in luminous galaxies observed ∼500 Myr after the Big Bang with ALMA, HST/WFC3 and VLT/X-SHOOTER. These galaxies likely reside in early ionised bubbles and are complex systems, consisting of multiple well separated and resolved components where traces of metals are already present."}],"citation":{"apa":"Matthee, J. J., & Sobral, D. (2020). Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters in the epoch of reionisation. In Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union (Vol. 15, pp. 21–25). Cambridge University Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319009451","ista":"Matthee JJ, Sobral D. 2020. Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters in the epoch of reionisation. Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. vol. 15, 21–25.","mla":"Matthee, Jorryt J., and David Sobral. “Unveiling the Most Luminous Lyman-α Emitters in the Epoch of Reionisation.” Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, vol. 15, no. S352, Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 21–25, doi:10.1017/s1743921319009451.","chicago":"Matthee, Jorryt J, and David Sobral. “Unveiling the Most Luminous Lyman-α Emitters in the Epoch of Reionisation.” In Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, 15:21–25. Cambridge University Press, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1743921319009451.","short":"J.J. Matthee, D. Sobral, in:, Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, Cambridge University Press, 2020, pp. 21–25.","ama":"Matthee JJ, Sobral D. Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters in the epoch of reionisation. In: Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union. Vol 15. Cambridge University Press; 2020:21-25. doi:10.1017/s1743921319009451","ieee":"J. J. Matthee and D. Sobral, “Unveiling the most luminous Lyman-α emitters in the epoch of reionisation,” in Proceedings of the International Astronomical Union, 2020, vol. 15, no. S352, pp. 21–25."},"oa_version":"Preprint"},{"scopus_import":"1","type":"journal_article","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series","doi":"10.3847/1538-4365/abbee3","day":"01","status":"public","publication_status":"published","intvolume":" 251","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"IOP Publishing","title":"The K2 galactic archaeology program data release 2: Asteroseismic results from campaigns 4, 6, and 7","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_updated":"2022-08-22T07:04:45Z","article_type":"original","arxiv":1,"month":"12","acknowledgement":"We thank the referee for comments that strengthened the manuscript. J. C. Z. and M. H. P. acknowledge support from NASA grants 80NSSC18K0391 and NNX17AJ40G. Y. E. and C. J. acknowledge the support of the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC). S. M. would like to acknowledge support from the Spanish Ministry with the Ramon y Cajal fellowship number RYC-2015-17697. R. A. G. acknowledges funding received from the PLATO CNES grant. R. S. acknowledges funding via a Royal Society University Research Fellowship. D.H. acknowledges support from the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation and the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC19K0108). V.S.A. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (Research grant 7027-00096B), and the Carlsberg foundation (grant agreement CF19-0649). This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant No. NSF PHY-1748958.\r\n\r\nFunding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre (SAC) is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (grant agreement No. DNRF106).\r\n\r\nThe K2 Galactic Archaeology Program is supported by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration under grant NNX16AJ17G issued through the K2 Guest Observer Program.\r\n\r\nThis publication makes use of data products from the Two Micron All Sky Survey, which is a joint project of the University of Massachusetts and the Infrared Processing and Analysis Center/California Institute of Technology, funded by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration and the National Science Foundation.\r\n\r\nThis work has made use of data from the European Space Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia), processed by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC, https://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium). Funding for the DPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular the institutions participating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement.\r\n\r\nFunding for the Sloan Digital Sky Survey IV has been provided by the Alfred P. Sloan Foundation, the U.S. Department of Energy Office of Science, and the Participating Institutions. SDSS-IV acknowledges support and resources from the Center for High Performance Computing at the University of Utah. The SDSS website is www.sdss.org.\r\n\r\nSDSS-IV is managed by the Astrophysical Research Consortium for the Participating Institutions of the SDSS Collaboration, including the Brazilian Participation Group, the Carnegie Institution for Science, Carnegie Mellon University, the Chilean Participation Group, the French Participation Group, the Harvard–Smithsonian Center for Astrophysics, Instituto de Astrofísica de Canarias, The Johns Hopkins University, Kavli Institute for the Physics and Mathematics of the Universe (IPMU)/University of Tokyo, the Korean Participation Group, Lawrence Berkeley National Laboratory, Leibniz Institut für Astrophysik Potsdam (AIP), Max-Planck-Institut für Astronomie (MPIA Heidelberg), Max-Planck-Institut für Astrophysik (MPA Garching), Max-Planck-Institut für Extraterrestrische Physik (MPE), National Astronomical Observatories of China, New Mexico State University, New York University, University of Notre Dame, Observatário Nacional/MCTI, The Ohio State University, Pennsylvania State University, Shanghai Astronomical Observatory, United Kingdom Participation Group, Universidad Nacional Autónoma de México, University of Arizona, University of Colorado Boulder, University of Oxford, University of Portsmouth, University of Utah, University of Virginia, University of Washington, University of Wisconsin, Vanderbilt University, and Yale University.\r\n\r\nSoftware: asfgrid (Sharma & Stello 2016), emcee (Foreman-Mackey et al. 2013), NumPy (Walt 2011), pandas (McKinney 2010; Reback et al. 2020), Matplotlib (Hunter 2007), IPython (Pérez & Granger 2007), SciPy (Virtanen et al. 2020).","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2012.04051","open_access":"1"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Studies of Galactic structure and evolution have benefited enormously from Gaia kinematic information, though additional, intrinsic stellar parameters like age are required to best constrain Galactic models. Asteroseismology is the most precise method of providing such information for field star populations en masse, but existing samples for the most part have been limited to a few narrow fields of view by the CoRoT and Kepler missions. In an effort to provide well-characterized stellar parameters across a wide range in Galactic position, we present the second data release of red giant asteroseismic parameters for the K2 Galactic Archaeology Program (GAP). We provide ${\\nu }_{\\max }$ and ${\\rm{\\Delta }}\\nu $ based on six independent pipeline analyses; first-ascent red giant branch (RGB) and red clump (RC) evolutionary state classifications from machine learning; and ready-to-use radius and mass coefficients, κR and κM, which, when appropriately multiplied by a solar-scaled effective temperature factor, yield physical stellar radii and masses. In total, we report 4395 radius and mass coefficients, with typical uncertainties of 3.3% (stat.) ± 1% (syst.) for κR and 7.7% (stat.) ± 2% (syst.) for κM among RGB stars, and 5.0% (stat.) ± 1% (syst.) for κR and 10.5% (stat.) ± 2% (syst.) for κM among RC stars. We verify that the sample is nearly complete—except for a dearth of stars with ${\\nu }_{\\max }\\lesssim 10\\mbox{--}20\\,\\mu \\mathrm{Hz}$—by comparing to Galactic models and visual inspection. Our asteroseismic radii agree with radii derived from Gaia Data Release 2 parallaxes to within 2.2% ± 0.3% for RGB stars and 2.0% ± 0.6% for RC stars."}],"citation":{"short":"J.C. Zinn, D. Stello, Y. Elsworth, R.A. García, T. Kallinger, S. Mathur, B. Mosser, L.A. Bugnet, C. Jones, M. Hon, S. Sharma, R. Schönrich, J.T. Warfield, R. Luger, M.H. Pinsonneault, J.A. Johnson, D. Huber, V.S. Aguirre, W.J. Chaplin, G.R. Davies, A. Miglio, The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series 251 (2020).","mla":"Zinn, Joel C., et al. “The K2 Galactic Archaeology Program Data Release 2: Asteroseismic Results from Campaigns 4, 6, and 7.” The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, vol. 251, no. 2, 23, IOP Publishing, 2020, doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abbee3.","apa":"Zinn, J. C., Stello, D., Elsworth, Y., García, R. A., Kallinger, T., Mathur, S., … Miglio, A. (2020). The K2 galactic archaeology program data release 2: Asteroseismic results from campaigns 4, 6, and 7. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/abbee3","ista":"Zinn JC, Stello D, Elsworth Y, García RA, Kallinger T, Mathur S, Mosser B, Bugnet LA, Jones C, Hon M, Sharma S, Schönrich R, Warfield JT, Luger R, Pinsonneault MH, Johnson JA, Huber D, Aguirre VS, Chaplin WJ, Davies GR, Miglio A. 2020. The K2 galactic archaeology program data release 2: Asteroseismic results from campaigns 4, 6, and 7. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 251(2), 23.","chicago":"Zinn, Joel C., Dennis Stello, Yvonne Elsworth, Rafael A. García, Thomas Kallinger, Savita Mathur, Benoît Mosser, et al. “The K2 Galactic Archaeology Program Data Release 2: Asteroseismic Results from Campaigns 4, 6, and 7.” The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. IOP Publishing, 2020. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4365/abbee3.","ieee":"J. C. Zinn et al., “The K2 galactic archaeology program data release 2: Asteroseismic results from campaigns 4, 6, and 7,” The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series, vol. 251, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2020.","ama":"Zinn JC, Stello D, Elsworth Y, et al. The K2 galactic archaeology program data release 2: Asteroseismic results from campaigns 4, 6, and 7. The Astrophysical Journal Supplement Series. 2020;251(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4365/abbee3"},"oa_version":"Preprint","oa":1,"year":"2020","issue":"2","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2022-07-18T13:27:26Z","extern":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Joel C.","full_name":"Zinn, Joel C.","last_name":"Zinn"},{"last_name":"Stello","full_name":"Stello, Dennis","first_name":"Dennis"},{"full_name":"Elsworth, Yvonne","first_name":"Yvonne","last_name":"Elsworth"},{"last_name":"García","full_name":"García, Rafael A.","first_name":"Rafael A."},{"last_name":"Kallinger","first_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Kallinger, Thomas"},{"full_name":"Mathur, Savita","first_name":"Savita","last_name":"Mathur"},{"last_name":"Mosser","full_name":"Mosser, Benoît","first_name":"Benoît"},{"first_name":"Lisa Annabelle","id":"d9edb345-f866-11ec-9b37-d119b5234501","full_name":"Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle","last_name":"Bugnet","orcid":"0000-0003-0142-4000"},{"first_name":"Caitlin","full_name":"Jones, Caitlin","last_name":"Jones"},{"last_name":"Hon","first_name":"Marc","full_name":"Hon, Marc"},{"first_name":"Sanjib","full_name":"Sharma, Sanjib","last_name":"Sharma"},{"last_name":"Schönrich","full_name":"Schönrich, Ralph","first_name":"Ralph"},{"full_name":"Warfield, Jack T.","first_name":"Jack T.","last_name":"Warfield"},{"first_name":"Rodrigo","full_name":"Luger, Rodrigo","last_name":"Luger"},{"last_name":"Pinsonneault","first_name":"Marc H.","full_name":"Pinsonneault, Marc H."},{"last_name":"Johnson","full_name":"Johnson, Jennifer A.","first_name":"Jennifer A."},{"last_name":"Huber","first_name":"Daniel","full_name":"Huber, Daniel"},{"last_name":"Aguirre","first_name":"Victor Silva","full_name":"Aguirre, Victor Silva"},{"full_name":"Chaplin, William J.","first_name":"William J.","last_name":"Chaplin"},{"full_name":"Davies, Guy R.","first_name":"Guy R.","last_name":"Davies"},{"last_name":"Miglio","full_name":"Miglio, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea"}],"_id":"11610","date_published":"2020-12-01T00:00:00Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1538-4365"],"issn":["0067-0049"]},"volume":251,"external_id":{"arxiv":["2012.04051"]},"keyword":["Space and Planetary Science","Astronomy and Astrophysics"],"article_number":"23"},{"acknowledgement":"This paper includes data collected by the TESS mission, which are publicly available from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST). Resources supporting this work were provided by the NASA High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the NASA Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center for the production of the SPOC data products. W.J.C. acknowledges support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC) and UK Space Agency. Funding for the Stellar Astrophysics Centre is provided by The Danish National Research Foundation (grant agreement number DNRF106). This research was partially conducted during the Exostar19 programme at the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics at UC Santa Barbara, which was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant number NSF PHY-1748958. A.M., J.T.M., F.V. and J.M. acknowledge support from the ERC Consolidator Grant funding scheme (project ASTEROCHRONOMETRY, grant agreement number 772293). F.V. acknowledges the support of a Fellowship from the Center for Cosmology and AstroParticle Physics at The Ohio State University. W.H.B. and M.B.N. acknowledge support from the UK Space Agency. K.J.B. is supported by the National Science Foundation under award AST-1903828. M.B.N. acknowledges partial support from the NYU Abu Dhabi Center for Space Science under grant number G1502. A.M.S. is partially supported by the Spanish Government (ESP2017-82674-R) and Generalitat de Catalunya (2017-SGR-1131). T.M. acknowledges financial support from Belspo for contract PRODEX PLATO. H.K. acknowledges support from the European Social Fund via the Lithuanian Science Council grant number 09.3.3-LMT-K-712-01-0103. S.B. acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-1514676 and NASA grant 80NSSC19K0374. V.S.A. acknowledges support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark (research grant 7027-00096B). D.H. acknowledges support by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration (80NSSC18K1585, 80NSSC19K0379) awarded through the TESS Guest Investigator Program and by the National Science Foundation (AST-1717000). T.S.M. acknowledges support from a visiting fellowship at the Max Planck Institute for Solar System Research. Computational resources were provided through XSEDE allocation TG-AST090107. D.L.B. acknowledges support from NASA under grant NNX16AB76G. T.L.C. acknowledges support from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement number 792848 (PULSATION). This work was supported by FCT/MCTES through national funds (PIDDAC) by means of grant UID/FIS/04434/2019. K.J.B., S.H., J.S.K. and N.T. are supported by the European Research Council under the European Community’s Seventh Framework Programme (FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement number 338251 (StellarAges). E.C. is funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement number 664931. L.G.-C. acknowledges support from the MINECO FPI-SO doctoral research project SEV-2015-0548-17-2 and predoctoral contract BES-2017-082610. P.G. is supported by the German space agency (Deutsches Zentrum für Luft- und Raumfahrt) under PLATO data grant 50OO1501. R.K. acknowledges support from the UK Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), under consolidated grant ST/L000733/1. M.S.L. is supported by the Carlsberg Foundation (grant agreement number CF17-076). Z.C.O., S.O. and M.Y. acknowledge support from the Scientific and Technological Research Council of Turkey (TÜBİTAK:118F352). S.M. acknowledges support from the Spanish ministry through the Ramon y Cajal fellowship number RYC-2015-17697. T.S.R. acknowledges financial support from Premiale 2015 MITiC (PI B. Garilli). R.Sz. acknowledges the support from NKFIH grant project No. K-115709, and the Lendület program of the Hungarian Academy of Science (project number 2018-7/2019). J.T. acknowledges support was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant number 51424 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under contract NAS5-26555. This work was supported by FEDER through COMPETE2020 (POCI-01-0145-FEDER-030389. A.M.B. acknowledges funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No 749962 (project THOT). A.M. and P.R. acknowledge the support of the Government of India, Department of Atomic Energy, under Project No. 12-R&D-TFR-6.04-0600. K.J.B. is an NSF Astronomy and Astrophysics Postdoctoral Fellow and DIRAC Fellow.","month":"04","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/2001.04653"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Over the course of its history, the Milky Way has ingested multiple smaller satellite galaxies1. Although these accreted stellar populations can be forensically identified as kinematically distinct structures within the Galaxy, it is difficult in general to date precisely the age at which any one merger occurred. Recent results have revealed a population of stars that were accreted via the collision of a dwarf galaxy, called Gaia–Enceladus1, leading to substantial pollution of the chemical and dynamical properties of the Milky Way. Here we identify the very bright, naked-eye star ν Indi as an indicator of the age of the early in situ population of the Galaxy. We combine asteroseismic, spectroscopic, astrometric and kinematic observations to show that this metal-poor, alpha-element-rich star was an indigenous member of the halo, and we measure its age to be 11.0±0.7 (stat) ±0.8 (sys) billion years. The star bears hallmarks consistent with having been kinematically heated by the Gaia–Enceladus collision. Its age implies that the earliest the merger could have begun was 11.6 and 13.2 billion years ago, at 68% and 95% confidence, respectively. Computations based on hierarchical cosmological models slightly reduce the above limits."}],"citation":{"ieee":"W. J. Chaplin et al., “Age dating of an early Milky Way merger via asteroseismology of the naked-eye star ν Indi,” Nature Astronomy, vol. 4, no. 4. Springer Nature, pp. 382–389, 2020.","ama":"Chaplin WJ, Serenelli AM, Miglio A, et al. Age dating of an early Milky Way merger via asteroseismology of the naked-eye star ν Indi. Nature Astronomy. 2020;4(4):382-389. doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0975-9","short":"W.J. Chaplin, A.M. Serenelli, A. Miglio, T. Morel, J.T. Mackereth, F. Vincenzo, H. Kjeldsen, S. Basu, W.H. Ball, A. Stokholm, K. Verma, J.R. Mosumgaard, V. Silva Aguirre, A. Mazumdar, P. Ranadive, H.M. Antia, Y. Lebreton, J. Ong, T. Appourchaux, T.R. Bedding, J. Christensen-Dalsgaard, O. Creevey, R.A. García, R. Handberg, D. Huber, S.D. Kawaler, M.N. Lund, T.S. Metcalfe, K.G. Stassun, M. Bazot, P.G. Beck, K.J. Bell, M. Bergemann, D.L. Buzasi, O. Benomar, D. Bossini, L.A. Bugnet, T.L. Campante, Z.Ç. Orhan, E. Corsaro, L. González-Cuesta, G.R. Davies, M.P. Di Mauro, R. Egeland, Y.P. Elsworth, P. Gaulme, H. Ghasemi, Z. Guo, O.J. Hall, A. Hasanzadeh, S. Hekker, R. Howe, J.M. Jenkins, A. Jiménez, R. Kiefer, J.S. Kuszlewicz, T. Kallinger, D.W. Latham, M.S. Lundkvist, S. Mathur, J. Montalbán, B. Mosser, A.M. Bedón, M.B. Nielsen, S. Örtel, B.M. Rendle, G.R. Ricker, T.S. Rodrigues, I.W. Roxburgh, H. Safari, M. Schofield, S. Seager, B. Smalley, D. Stello, R. Szabó, J. Tayar, N. Themeßl, A.E.L. Thomas, R.K. Vanderspek, W.E. van Rossem, M. Vrard, A. Weiss, T.R. White, J.N. Winn, M. Yıldız, Nature Astronomy 4 (2020) 382–389.","chicago":"Chaplin, William J., Aldo M. Serenelli, Andrea Miglio, Thierry Morel, J. Ted Mackereth, Fiorenzo Vincenzo, Hans Kjeldsen, et al. “Age Dating of an Early Milky Way Merger via Asteroseismology of the Naked-Eye Star ν Indi.” Nature Astronomy. Springer Nature, 2020. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-019-0975-9.","ista":"Chaplin WJ, Serenelli AM, Miglio A, Morel T, Mackereth JT, Vincenzo F, Kjeldsen H, Basu S, Ball WH, Stokholm A, Verma K, Mosumgaard JR, Silva Aguirre V, Mazumdar A, Ranadive P, Antia HM, Lebreton Y, Ong J, Appourchaux T, Bedding TR, Christensen-Dalsgaard J, Creevey O, García RA, Handberg R, Huber D, Kawaler SD, Lund MN, Metcalfe TS, Stassun KG, Bazot M, Beck PG, Bell KJ, Bergemann M, Buzasi DL, Benomar O, Bossini D, Bugnet LA, Campante TL, Orhan ZÇ, Corsaro E, González-Cuesta L, Davies GR, Di Mauro MP, Egeland R, Elsworth YP, Gaulme P, Ghasemi H, Guo Z, Hall OJ, Hasanzadeh A, Hekker S, Howe R, Jenkins JM, Jiménez A, Kiefer R, Kuszlewicz JS, Kallinger T, Latham DW, Lundkvist MS, Mathur S, Montalbán J, Mosser B, Bedón AM, Nielsen MB, Örtel S, Rendle BM, Ricker GR, Rodrigues TS, Roxburgh IW, Safari H, Schofield M, Seager S, Smalley B, Stello D, Szabó R, Tayar J, Themeßl N, Thomas AEL, Vanderspek RK, van Rossem WE, Vrard M, Weiss A, White TR, Winn JN, Yıldız M. 2020. Age dating of an early Milky Way merger via asteroseismology of the naked-eye star ν Indi. Nature Astronomy. 4(4), 382–389.","apa":"Chaplin, W. J., Serenelli, A. M., Miglio, A., Morel, T., Mackereth, J. T., Vincenzo, F., … Yıldız, M. (2020). Age dating of an early Milky Way merger via asteroseismology of the naked-eye star ν Indi. Nature Astronomy. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-019-0975-9","mla":"Chaplin, William J., et al. “Age Dating of an Early Milky Way Merger via Asteroseismology of the Naked-Eye Star ν Indi.” Nature Astronomy, vol. 4, no. 4, Springer Nature, 2020, pp. 382–89, doi:10.1038/s41550-019-0975-9."},"oa_version":"Preprint","oa":1,"year":"2020","issue":"4","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2022-07-18T13:36:19Z","extern":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Chaplin","full_name":"Chaplin, William J.","first_name":"William J."},{"last_name":"Serenelli","first_name":"Aldo M.","full_name":"Serenelli, Aldo M."},{"first_name":"Andrea","full_name":"Miglio, Andrea","last_name":"Miglio"},{"last_name":"Morel","first_name":"Thierry","full_name":"Morel, Thierry"},{"last_name":"Mackereth","first_name":"J. Ted","full_name":"Mackereth, J. Ted"},{"last_name":"Vincenzo","first_name":"Fiorenzo","full_name":"Vincenzo, Fiorenzo"},{"last_name":"Kjeldsen","full_name":"Kjeldsen, Hans","first_name":"Hans"},{"last_name":"Basu","first_name":"Sarbani","full_name":"Basu, Sarbani"},{"last_name":"Ball","first_name":"Warrick H.","full_name":"Ball, Warrick H."},{"full_name":"Stokholm, Amalie","first_name":"Amalie","last_name":"Stokholm"},{"last_name":"Verma","full_name":"Verma, Kuldeep","first_name":"Kuldeep"},{"first_name":"Jakob Rørsted","full_name":"Mosumgaard, Jakob Rørsted","last_name":"Mosumgaard"},{"last_name":"Silva Aguirre","first_name":"Victor","full_name":"Silva Aguirre, Victor"},{"first_name":"Anwesh","full_name":"Mazumdar, Anwesh","last_name":"Mazumdar"},{"last_name":"Ranadive","first_name":"Pritesh","full_name":"Ranadive, Pritesh"},{"last_name":"Antia","first_name":"H. M.","full_name":"Antia, H. 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