[{"scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0027-8424","1091-6490"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","title":"Active zone plasticity couples sleep need to presynaptic hypophosphorylation","file_date_updated":"2026-08-20T05:34:25Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-18T10:46:33Z","extern":"1","article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["42258713"]},"month":"06","PlanS_conform":"1","ddc":["570"],"date_published":"2026-06-16T00:00:00Z","citation":{"apa":"Piao, C., Dutkiewicz, E., Kollipara, L., Sickmann, A., Huang, S., &#38; Sigrist, S. J. (2026). Active zone plasticity couples sleep need to presynaptic hypophosphorylation. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. National Academy of Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524065123\">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524065123</a>","ama":"Piao C, Dutkiewicz E, Kollipara L, Sickmann A, Huang S, Sigrist SJ. Active zone plasticity couples sleep need to presynaptic hypophosphorylation. <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. 2026;123(24). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524065123\">10.1073/pnas.2524065123</a>","mla":"Piao, Chengji, et al. “Active Zone Plasticity Couples Sleep Need to Presynaptic Hypophosphorylation.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>, vol. 123, no. 24, e2524065123, National Academy of Sciences, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524065123\">10.1073/pnas.2524065123</a>.","ista":"Piao C, Dutkiewicz E, Kollipara L, Sickmann A, Huang S, Sigrist SJ. 2026. Active zone plasticity couples sleep need to presynaptic hypophosphorylation. Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences. 123(24), e2524065123.","chicago":"Piao, Chengji, Ewelina Dutkiewicz, Laxmikanth Kollipara, Albert Sickmann, Sheng Huang, and Stephan J. Sigrist. “Active Zone Plasticity Couples Sleep Need to Presynaptic Hypophosphorylation.” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>. National Academy of Sciences, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524065123\">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524065123</a>.","ieee":"C. Piao, E. Dutkiewicz, L. Kollipara, A. Sickmann, S. Huang, and S. J. Sigrist, “Active zone plasticity couples sleep need to presynaptic hypophosphorylation,” <i>Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences</i>, vol. 123, no. 24. National Academy of Sciences, 2026.","short":"C. Piao, E. Dutkiewicz, L. Kollipara, A. Sickmann, S. Huang, S.J. Sigrist, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences 123 (2026)."},"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","issue":"24","OA_place":"publisher","date_updated":"2026-08-20T05:35:33Z","author":[{"first_name":"Chengji","full_name":"Piao, Chengji","last_name":"Piao"},{"last_name":"Dutkiewicz","full_name":"Dutkiewicz, Ewelina","id":"0601cc46-c082-11ec-9b07-bb29641d1de9","first_name":"Ewelina"},{"full_name":"Kollipara, Laxmikanth","first_name":"Laxmikanth","last_name":"Kollipara"},{"full_name":"Sickmann, Albert","first_name":"Albert","last_name":"Sickmann"},{"last_name":"Huang","full_name":"Huang, Sheng","first_name":"Sheng"},{"last_name":"Sigrist","full_name":"Sigrist, Stephan J.","first_name":"Stephan J."}],"pmid":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","OA_type":"hybrid","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.2524065123","article_number":"e2524065123","intvolume":"       123","day":"16","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","year":"2026","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication_status":"published","_id":"22733","publication":"Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Sleep need is associated with both circuit dynamics and widespread synaptic plasticity, yet the specific synaptic changes underlying sleep homeostasis remain incompletely understood. In Drosophila, sleep loss has been shown to trigger plasticity of the presynaptic active zone, marked by increasing levels of the ELKS-family scaffold protein Bruchpilot (BRP). By titrating brp gene copy number, we previously established a presynapse-specific, dosage-dependent paradigm that modulates sleep pressure. Here, to elucidate the molecular landscape of this plasticity, we performed synapse-enriched integrated-omics. Proteomic and bioinformatic analyses revealed changes in immune and stress response pathways and local translation control. Strikingly, phospho-proteomic analysis uncovered a global shift toward hypophosphorylation, particularly in presynaptic proteins, indicating a reprogramming of the phosphorylation–dephosphorylation balance. This presynaptic hypophosphorylation is likely contributed by reduced activity of Protein Kinase A (PKA) and enhanced substrate affinity of Protein Phosphatase 1 (PP1) mediated by its regulatory subunit Spinophilin (Spn). Manipulating either PKA or PP1 activity was sufficient to suppress BRP-modulated sleep phenotypes. We propose that presynaptic hypophosphorylation constitutes a molecular signature of local synaptic remodeling that adaptively tunes sleep need via reversible posttranslational modification, a mechanism likely conserved across species."}],"doi":"10.1073/pnas.2524065123","volume":123,"oa":1,"file":[{"creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2026-08-20T05:34:25Z","relation":"main_file","checksum":"3727c5ad18c1e9c65672fbb01ac6ea04","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22737","date_created":"2026-08-20T05:34:25Z","file_name":"2026_PNAS_Piao.pdf","file_size":3915000,"access_level":"open_access"}],"quality_controlled":"1"},{"title":"Single-cell analyses identify the ginseng embryonic protoderm as a native compartment for high-efficiency ginsenoside production","article_processing_charge":"Yes","department":[{"_id":"JiFr"},{"_id":"EvBe"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-08-20T06:44:33Z","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-16T22:01:42Z","dataavailabilitystatement":"The RNA-seq data generated in this study have been deposited in the GSA database under accession code CRA008967. The scRNA-seq data generated in this study have been deposited in the GSA database under accession code CRA026200. The ATAC-seq data generated in this study have been deposited in the GSA database under accession code CRA008969. The ChIP-seq data generated in this study have been deposited in the GSA database under accession code CRA008968. Single-cell RNA-seq data and scripts are publicly available on Zenodo (https://zenodo.org/records/20392012). Primers are in Supplemental Table 5. Source data are provided with this paper.","article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["42350386"]},"acknowledgement":"The authors are grateful to Professor Linfeng Li from the School of Life Science, Fudan University, for his assistance during the ginseng genome annotation. This work was supported by Key project at central government level: The ability establishment of sustainable use for valuable Chinese medicine resources (2060302-2401-08 to L.X. and J.L.), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (82373987 to J.L., 31701294 to L.X., 32225007 to L.X., and 32300285 to N.Z.), the Fundamental Research Funds for the Central public welfare research institutes (ZZ13-YQ-093, ZZXT202508 to J.L.), the CACMS Innovation Fund (CI2025G00-06 to J.L.), the Principle Investigator Program (HBMUPI202104 to Y.Z.), the Key R&D Program of Shandong Province, China (2024LZGC025 to L.X.), the National Key R&D Program of China (2024YFF1000700/2023YFE0101100 to L.X.), Strategic Priority Research Program of Chinese Academy of Sciences (XDB0630000 to L.X.), and China Postdoctoral Science Foundation (2023M733490 to N.Z.).","das_tickbox":"1","month":"08","ddc":["580"],"date_published":"2026-08-07T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","citation":{"ieee":"J. Liu <i>et al.</i>, “Single-cell analyses identify the ginseng embryonic protoderm as a native compartment for high-efficiency ginsenoside production,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17. Springer Nature, 2026.","chicago":"Liu, Juan, Ning Zhai, Shiyi Zhang, Yosuke Tamada, Tonghui Li, Linfan Zhang, Tong Chen, et al. “Single-Cell Analyses Identify the Ginseng Embryonic Protoderm as a Native Compartment for High-Efficiency Ginsenoside Production.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5</a>.","ista":"Liu J, Zhai N, Zhang S, Tamada Y, Li T, Zhang L, Chen T, Wang C, Yang J, Gao J, Li X, Zhou J, Zhang Y, Liu Y, Wang Y, Friml J, Benková E, Li C, Xu L, Huang L. 2026. Single-cell analyses identify the ginseng embryonic protoderm as a native compartment for high-efficiency ginsenoside production. Nature Communications. 17, 7994.","short":"J. Liu, N. Zhai, S. Zhang, Y. Tamada, T. Li, L. Zhang, T. Chen, C. Wang, J. Yang, J. Gao, X. Li, J. Zhou, Y. Zhang, Y. Liu, Y. Wang, J. Friml, E. Benková, C. Li, L. Xu, L. Huang, Nature Communications 17 (2026).","apa":"Liu, J., Zhai, N., Zhang, S., Tamada, Y., Li, T., Zhang, L., … Huang, L. (2026). Single-cell analyses identify the ginseng embryonic protoderm as a native compartment for high-efficiency ginsenoside production. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5</a>","ama":"Liu J, Zhai N, Zhang S, et al. Single-cell analyses identify the ginseng embryonic protoderm as a native compartment for high-efficiency ginsenoside production. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2026;17. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5\">10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5</a>","mla":"Liu, Juan, et al. “Single-Cell Analyses Identify the Ginseng Embryonic Protoderm as a Native Compartment for High-Efficiency Ginsenoside Production.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17, 7994, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5\">10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5</a>."},"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","supplementarymaterial":"yes","author":[{"full_name":"Liu, Juan","first_name":"Juan","last_name":"Liu"},{"full_name":"Zhai, Ning","first_name":"Ning","last_name":"Zhai"},{"first_name":"Shiyi","full_name":"Zhang, Shiyi","last_name":"Zhang"},{"last_name":"Tamada","full_name":"Tamada, Yosuke","first_name":"Yosuke"},{"full_name":"Li, Tonghui","first_name":"Tonghui","last_name":"Li"},{"last_name":"Zhang","first_name":"Linfan","full_name":"Zhang, Linfan"},{"first_name":"Tong","full_name":"Chen, Tong","last_name":"Chen"},{"full_name":"Wang, Chenglin","first_name":"Chenglin","last_name":"Wang"},{"last_name":"Yang","first_name":"Jian","full_name":"Yang, Jian"},{"last_name":"Gao","full_name":"Gao, Jiaqi","first_name":"Jiaqi"},{"last_name":"Li","id":"4B7E523C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Xiang","full_name":"Li, Xiang"},{"full_name":"Zhou, Junhui","first_name":"Junhui","last_name":"Zhou"},{"first_name":"Yonghong","full_name":"Zhang, Yonghong","last_name":"Zhang"},{"first_name":"Yu","id":"2A70014E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Liu, Yu","orcid":"0000-0001-7313-6740","last_name":"Liu"},{"last_name":"Wang","full_name":"Wang, Yuan","first_name":"Yuan"},{"last_name":"Friml","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Jiří","full_name":"Friml, Jiří","orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596"},{"last_name":"Benková","first_name":"Eva","id":"38F4F166-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Benková, Eva","orcid":"0000-0002-8510-9739"},{"last_name":"Li","first_name":"Chen","full_name":"Li, Chen"},{"first_name":"Lin","full_name":"Xu, Lin","last_name":"Xu"},{"first_name":"Luqi","full_name":"Huang, Luqi","last_name":"Huang"}],"date_updated":"2026-08-20T06:45:46Z","pmid":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":"        17","status":"public","OA_type":"gold","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5","article_number":"7994","oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"Springer Nature","type":"journal_article","year":"2026","researchdata_availability":"yes","day":"07","DOAJ_listed":"1","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-74881-5","abstract":[{"text":"Ginseng (Panax ginseng) derives its renowned therapeutic properties from ginsenoside metabolites. However, the long cultivation cycle and susceptibility to diseases hinder the advancement of the ginseng industry. Here, we demonstrate that the embryonic protoderm of ginseng can efficiently produce ginsenosides. Single-cell transcriptome and mass spectrometry imaging analyses reveal that ginsenosides accumulate in the protoderm of ginseng embryonic callus (EC) at levels comparable to those in forest ginseng. Epigenetic analyses indicate that elevated histone acetylation and enhanced chromatin accessibility at regeneration- and ginsenoside metabolism-related gene loci are associated with the ginsenoside-producing capacity of EC. Increasing histone acetylation levels or overexpressing the regeneration-related WUSCHEL-RELATED HOMEOBOX11 (WOX11) gene further enhances ginsenoside production in EC. Our findings suggest that the protoderm of EC could serve as an in situ biological compartment for high-efficiency ginsenoside producion, offering a complementary approach to traditional ginseng cultivation.","lang":"eng"}],"tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode"},"_id":"22712","publication":"Nature Communications","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22742","success":1,"checksum":"0b4ff29f0d0168b11be32a5f22ded9e4","date_updated":"2026-08-20T06:44:33Z","relation":"main_file","creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","file_size":2429551,"file_name":"2026_NatureComm_Liu.pdf","date_created":"2026-08-20T06:44:33Z"}],"quality_controlled":"1","volume":17},{"contributor":[{"id":"d42e08e7-f4fc-11eb-af0a-d71e26138f1b","first_name":"Federico","contributor_type":"researcher","orcid":"0000-0002-9043-136X","last_name":"Napoli"},{"id":"7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425","first_name":"Paul","orcid":"0000-0002-9350-7606","contributor_type":"project_leader","last_name":"Schanda"},{"last_name":"Singh","contributor_type":"project_member","first_name":"Rajkumar","id":"a3089acd-6806-11ee-bacc-f0c7d500ad20"},{"first_name":"Anna","id":"9fb2a840-89e1-11ee-a8b7-cc5c7ba62471","contributor_type":"project_member","last_name":"Kapitonova"},{"first_name":"Virgil","contributor_type":"project_member","last_name":"Aitenbichler"},{"last_name":"Toscano","contributor_type":"project_member","id":"334a5e40-8747-11f0-b671-ba1f5154b4b4","first_name":"Giorgia"},{"contributor_type":"data_collector","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Perrone"}],"acknowledgement":"This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Nuclear Magnetic Resonance and the Lab Support Facilities. We thank Petra Rovó, Megha Mohan and Margarita Valhondo Falcón for excellent support of the NMR facility.","corr_author":"1","date_created":"2026-08-12T16:12:19Z","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Data and scripts for: \"Integrated solid/solution NMR assignment allows mapping dynamics and ligand binding in a 134 kDa enzyme\"","department":[{"_id":"PaSc"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-08-20T07:35:05Z","date_updated":"2026-08-20T07:40:15Z","doi_confirm":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Schanda","orcid":"0000-0002-9350-7606","first_name":"Paul","full_name":"Schanda, Paul","id":"7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425"},{"first_name":"Federico","full_name":"Napoli, Federico","id":"d42e08e7-f4fc-11eb-af0a-d71e26138f1b","orcid":"0000-0002-9043-136X","last_name":"Napoli"}],"citation":{"short":"P. Schanda, F. Napoli, (2026).","ieee":"P. Schanda and F. Napoli, “Data and scripts for: ‘Integrated solid/solution NMR assignment allows mapping dynamics and ligand binding in a 134 kDa enzyme.’” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ista":"Schanda P, Napoli F. 2026. Data and scripts for: ‘Integrated solid/solution NMR assignment allows mapping dynamics and ligand binding in a 134 kDa enzyme’, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687</a>.","chicago":"Schanda, Paul, and Federico Napoli. “Data and Scripts for: ‘Integrated Solid/Solution NMR Assignment Allows Mapping Dynamics and Ligand Binding in a 134 KDa Enzyme.’” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687</a>.","mla":"Schanda, Paul, and Federico Napoli. <i>Data and Scripts for: “Integrated Solid/Solution NMR Assignment Allows Mapping Dynamics and Ligand Binding in a 134 KDa Enzyme.”</i> Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687</a>.","ama":"Schanda P, Napoli F. Data and scripts for: “Integrated solid/solution NMR assignment allows mapping dynamics and ligand binding in a 134 kDa enzyme.” 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687</a>","apa":"Schanda, P., &#38; Napoli, F. (2026). Data and scripts for: “Integrated solid/solution NMR assignment allows mapping dynamics and ligand binding in a 134 kDa enzyme.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687</a>"},"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/","OA_place":"repository","date_published":"2026-08-20T00:00:00Z","month":"08","day":"20","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","oa_version":"None","year":"2026","type":"research_data","status":"public","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687","user_id":"68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NMR"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","oa":1,"file":[{"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-08-18T07:13:26Z","checksum":"dd23db23f7e75bafad6c67381163c1e2","creator":"fnapoli","success":1,"content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.spreadsheetml.sheet","file_id":"22725","date_created":"2026-08-18T07:13:26Z","file_size":59096,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"Pulse_parameters.xlsx"},{"success":1,"file_id":"22726","content_type":"application/zip","creator":"fnapoli","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-08-18T07:16:00Z","checksum":"a7ad194d8d7f780725bc2c60c63d686d","file_name":"Scripts_submission.zip","file_size":3591173,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2026-08-18T07:16:00Z"},{"file_size":28750919,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"FLYA_runs.zip","date_created":"2026-08-18T07:15:59Z","success":1,"file_id":"22727","content_type":"application/zip","date_updated":"2026-08-18T07:15:59Z","relation":"main_file","checksum":"dc099c298844973512ab224464964a1a","creator":"fnapoli"},{"file_name":"spectra_Bruker.zip","access_level":"open_access","file_size":3824856998,"date_created":"2026-08-18T07:33:47Z","success":1,"file_id":"22728","content_type":"application/zip","creator":"fnapoli","relation":"main_file","checksum":"04bcce8eb20c90089cbd2fb5e0c50a7f","date_updated":"2026-08-18T07:33:47Z"},{"file_name":"Titration_data.zip","file_size":17880653,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2026-08-18T08:03:33Z","success":1,"file_id":"22729","content_type":"application/zip","creator":"fnapoli","date_updated":"2026-08-18T08:03:33Z","checksum":"91c1161ca98632ed643d2b564395da5b","relation":"main_file"},{"access_level":"open_access","file_size":868,"file_name":"README.txt","date_created":"2026-08-20T07:35:05Z","content_type":"text/plain","file_id":"22743","success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-08-20T07:35:05Z","checksum":"ca2cf03b82656ae2858931d4391a3158","creator":"arashid"}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"_id":"22687","project":[{"_id":"eb9c82eb-77a9-11ec-83b8-aadd536561cf","name":"AlloSpace. The emergence and mechanisms of allostery","grant_number":"I05812"}],"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22687","abstract":[{"text":"Understanding enzyme function requires characterizing not only static structure but also dynamics and ligand interactions. NMR spectroscopy provides this insight at atomic resolution, yet for large proteins the difficulty of resonance assignment has largely confined such studies to systems below ∼50 kDa, or to observing only methyl groups. Here we present an integrated magic-angle spinning (MAS) and solution NMR study of the 134 kDa tetrameric malate dehydrogenase from Ignicoccus islandicus (IiMDH), an enzyme of particular interest as an evolutionary intermediate between allosteric lactate\r\ndehydrogenases and non-allosteric malate dehydrogenases. By combining high-dimensional (up to 4D) MAS NMR experiments on sedimented protein with solution NMR, we achieved 92% backbone heavy- atom assignment and 91% assignment of all Ile-δ1, Leu-δ1/-δ2, Val-γ1/-γ2, Met-ε and Thr-γ methyl groups. Building on these assignments, we use various probes of backbone and sidechain dynamics: elevated MAS NMR 15N rotating-frame relaxation (R1ρ) points to microsecond motions in functionally critical regions, including the catalytic loop and the mobile surface loop. Complementary methyl-axis order parameters from solution NMR identified additional flexible sites in the hydrophobic core. Chemical shift perturbation experiments upon addition of the substrate analogue oxamate, monitored via backbone 1H-15N TROSY, revealed both active-site contacts and responses in helices α2F and α3G, regions implicated in allosteric signal transmission. The integrated approach demonstrated here exploits the distinct strengths of MAS and solution NMR, and provides a comprehensive view of structure, dynamics, and substrate interactions in a large oligomeric enzyme that would not be accessible by either technique alone.","lang":"eng"}]},{"status":"public","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694","oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","year":"2026","type":"dissertation","day":"05","publisher_comment":"For open access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright\r\nlicense to any author-accepted manuscript version arising from this submission.","has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","oa":1,"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"file":[{"date_created":"2026-08-14T11:42:31Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1574709,"file_name":"2026_Löwit_Jakub_Thesis.pdf","date_updated":"2026-08-14T11:42:31Z","relation":"main_file","checksum":"2d0be77791dc296621c6c0f76be9d0d7","creator":"jloewit","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22709"},{"date_created":"2026-08-14T11:42:42Z","file_size":1085118,"access_level":"closed","file_name":"2026_Löwit_Jakub_Source_files.zip","relation":"source_file","date_updated":"2026-08-14T11:42:42Z","checksum":"61bde4b58c1e6c7baeb561e41f82659b","creator":"jloewit","file_id":"22710","content_type":"application/zip"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"27004","name":"Arithmetic, geometry, topology and representation theory arising from the affine Grassmannian","_id":"901e2a43-16d5-11f0-9cad-9cead34748d6"},{"_id":"34b2c9cb-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a50ba74ca4a3","name":"Geometry of the tip of the global nilpotent cone","grant_number":"P35847"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We develop and employ techniques from equivariant algebraic K-theory and related invariants\r\nin the context of geometric representation theory, in both arithmetic and topological situations.\r\nWe showcase the use of such techniques on the affine Grassmannian Gr, a space of fundamental\r\ninterest in the geometric Langlands program.\r\n\r\nIt is a deep development of mathematics of the last century that many concrete, yet combina-\r\ntorially complex algebraic problems may be effectively studied through the lens of algebraic\r\ngeometry. The objects of interest can be often realized as cohomological invariants of algebraic\r\nvarieties, and good understanding of their geometry sheds light into the original questions.\r\nSuch techniques have seen immense applications in the Langlands program, where they go\r\nunder the label of geometric representation theory.\r\n\r\nOne source of powerful invariants in algebraic geometry comes from algebraic K-theory,\r\nHochschild homology, and their relatives. These localizing invariants contain large amount\r\nof information, but are quite hard to compute. For this reason, their usage in geometric\r\nrepresentation theory has been limited.\r\n\r\nThe aim of this thesis is to showcase how to control such invariants in the situations of\r\ninterest and use them to obtain new insights. We start by reinterpreting equivariant Hochschild\r\nhomology in terms of functions on certain fixed-point schemes, which are of independent\r\ninterest. We compare it to equivariant K-theory via the trace map. We give new computations\r\nand comparisons of such invariants of affine Schubert varieties in Gr, including arithmetic\r\nsituations. We show that they behave much better than expected.\r\n\r\nWe finally utilize this circle of ideas in a purely topological setting. We describe the varying\r\nfixed points of the extended torus action on the affine Grassmannian, and use it to compute\r\nits equivariant topological K-theory ring. The answer is nontrivial and verifies an outstanding\r\nconjecture in the subject.\r\n\r\nWe compare, partly conjecturally, the resulting K-theory ring to the completed center of an\r\nintegral even hybrid quantum group and its deformed quantum category O. This gives a\r\ngenuine application of our computations in pure representation theory."}],"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694","_id":"22694","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication_status":"published","corr_author":"1","acknowledgement":"It was funded by a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences entitled Arithmetic,\r\ngeometry, topology and representation theory arising from the affine Grassmannian. It was\r\nfurther funded by the Austrian Science Fund FWF 10.55776/P35847, and an Erasmus+ staff\r\nmobility training. \r\n","title":"Equivariant K-theory of affine Grassmannians in representation theory and arithmetic","article_processing_charge":"No","file_date_updated":"2026-08-14T11:42:42Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"TaHa"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"supervisor":[{"id":"4A0666D8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hausel, Tamás","first_name":"Tamás","orcid":"0000-0002-9582-2634","last_name":"Hausel"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-12T14:05:36Z","OA_place":"publisher","citation":{"short":"J. Löwit, Equivariant K-Theory of Affine Grassmannians in Representation Theory and Arithmetic, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ieee":"J. Löwit, “Equivariant K-theory of affine Grassmannians in representation theory and arithmetic,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ista":"Löwit J. 2026. Equivariant K-theory of affine Grassmannians in representation theory and arithmetic. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Löwit, Jakub. “Equivariant K-Theory of Affine Grassmannians in Representation Theory and Arithmetic.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694</a>.","ama":"Löwit J. Equivariant K-theory of affine Grassmannians in representation theory and arithmetic. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694</a>","mla":"Löwit, Jakub. <i>Equivariant K-Theory of Affine Grassmannians in Representation Theory and Arithmetic</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694</a>.","apa":"Löwit, J. (2026). <i>Equivariant K-theory of affine Grassmannians in representation theory and arithmetic</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22694</a>"},"author":[{"last_name":"Löwit","full_name":"Löwit, Jakub","first_name":"Jakub","id":"e3b80ae2-eb8e-11eb-b029-9aef4a9108a0"}],"date_updated":"2026-08-26T06:53:55Z","doi_confirm":"1","degree_awarded":"PhD","page":"185","month":"08","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"21751","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"22693","status":"public"}]},"ddc":["510","516","512","514","513"],"date_published":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We define a certain class of simple varieties over a field k by a constructive recipe and show how to control their (equivariant) truncating invariants. Consequently, we prove that on simple varieties: (i) if k = k and char k = p, the p-adic cyclotomic trace is an equivalence; (ii) if k = Q, the Goodwillie–Jones trace is an isomorphism in degree zero; (iii) we can control homotopy invariant K-theory KH, which is equivariantly formal and determined by its topological counterparts. Simple varieties are quite special, but encompass important singular examples appearing in geometric representation theory. We, in particular, show that both finite and affine Schubert varieties for GLn lie in this class, so all the above results hold for them. "}],"doi":"10.1093/imrn/rnag058","project":[{"_id":"901e2a43-16d5-11f0-9cad-9cead34748d6","name":"Arithmetic, geometry, topology and representation theory arising from the affine Grassmannian","grant_number":"27004"}],"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication_status":"published","_id":"21751","publication":"International Mathematics Research Notices","file":[{"access_level":"open_access","file_size":1663246,"file_name":"2026_IMRN_Loewit.pdf","date_created":"2026-05-06T06:35:05Z","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"21803","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-05-06T06:35:05Z","checksum":"306f4567b7b2dcf38e23f7b55a27514e","creator":"dernst"}],"quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"volume":2026,"has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":"      2026","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnag058","article_number":"rnag058","status":"public","OA_type":"hybrid","year":"2026","type":"journal_article","publisher":"Oxford University Press","oa_version":"Published Version","day":"01","month":"04","PlanS_conform":"1","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"22694","status":"public","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"date_published":"2026-04-01T00:00:00Z","ddc":["510"],"issue":"7","OA_place":"publisher","arxiv":1,"citation":{"mla":"Löwit, Jakub. “Equivariant Localizing Invariants of Simple Varieties.” <i>International Mathematics Research Notices</i>, vol. 2026, no. 7, rnag058, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnag058\">10.1093/imrn/rnag058</a>.","ama":"Löwit J. Equivariant localizing invariants of simple varieties. <i>International Mathematics Research Notices</i>. 2026;2026(7). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnag058\">10.1093/imrn/rnag058</a>","apa":"Löwit, J. (2026). Equivariant localizing invariants of simple varieties. <i>International Mathematics Research Notices</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnag058\">https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnag058</a>","short":"J. Löwit, International Mathematics Research Notices 2026 (2026).","chicago":"Löwit, Jakub. “Equivariant Localizing Invariants of Simple Varieties.” <i>International Mathematics Research Notices</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnag058\">https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnag058</a>.","ista":"Löwit J. 2026. Equivariant localizing invariants of simple varieties. International Mathematics Research Notices. 2026(7), rnag058.","ieee":"J. Löwit, “Equivariant localizing invariants of simple varieties,” <i>International Mathematics Research Notices</i>, vol. 2026, no. 7. Oxford University Press, 2026."},"author":[{"last_name":"Löwit","id":"e3b80ae2-eb8e-11eb-b029-9aef4a9108a0","first_name":"Jakub","full_name":"Löwit, Jakub"}],"date_updated":"2026-08-26T06:53:54Z","file_date_updated":"2026-05-06T06:35:05Z","department":[{"_id":"TaHa"}],"title":"Equivariant localizing invariants of simple varieties","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1687-0247"],"issn":["1073-7928"]},"scopus_import":"1","date_created":"2026-04-19T22:07:48Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","corr_author":"1","external_id":{"arxiv":["2507.09392"]},"acknowledgement":"This work was supported by a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) and by an Erasmus+ staff mobility training. It took place during the author’s visit to Laboratoire de Mathématiques d’Orsay in the course of his PhD at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria. First and foremost, I would like to thank Matthew Morrow for discussions, explanations and ideas without which this work would not have been carried out. I would further like to thank Brian Conrad for providing an amazing reference on projective cones in appropriate generality, to Vova Sosnilo for carefully discussing – among other things – the derived nilinvariance for quotients by any linearly reductive group, and to Adeel Khan, Timo Richarz, Matthias Wendt and Xinwen Zhu for helpful conversations\r\nabout the results. I would moreover like to thank the referee for the very useful comments."},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We study torus-equivariant algebraic K-theory of affine Schubert varieties in the perfect affine Grassmannians over Fp. We further compare it to the torus-equivariant Hochschild homology of perfect complexes, which has a geometric description in terms of global functions on certain fixed-point schemes. We prove that Fp-linearly, this comparison is an isomorphism. Our approach is quite constructive, resulting in new computations of these K-theory rings. We establish various structural results for equivariant perfect algebraic K-theory on the way; we believe these are of independent interest."}],"doi":"10.4171/dm/1064","project":[{"grant_number":"P35847","name":"Geometry of the tip of the global nilpotent cone","_id":"34b2c9cb-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a50ba74ca4a3"}],"publication_status":"epub_ahead","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"22693","publication":"Documenta Mathematica","quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064","status":"public","OA_type":"hybrid","type":"journal_article","year":"2026","oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"EMS Press","day":"26","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.4171/DM/1064"}],"researchdata_availability":"no","das_tickbox":"0","month":"03","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"22694","status":"public"}]},"PlanS_conform":"1","date_published":"2026-03-26T00:00:00Z","ddc":["500"],"OA_place":"publisher","arxiv":1,"mathsc":["19E08","19L47","20G44","14G17","19D55","14F43","14L30","14D24","14M25"],"citation":{"apa":"Löwit, J. (2026). Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection. <i>Documenta Mathematica</i>. EMS Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064\">https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064</a>","ama":"Löwit J. Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection. <i>Documenta Mathematica</i>. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064\">10.4171/dm/1064</a>","mla":"Löwit, Jakub. “Equivariant K-Theory, Affine Grassmannian and Perfection.” <i>Documenta Mathematica</i>, EMS Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064\">10.4171/dm/1064</a>.","ieee":"J. Löwit, “Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection,” <i>Documenta Mathematica</i>. EMS Press, 2026.","ista":"Löwit J. 2026. Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection. Documenta Mathematica.","chicago":"Löwit, Jakub. “Equivariant K-Theory, Affine Grassmannian and Perfection.” <i>Documenta Mathematica</i>. EMS Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064\">https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064</a>.","short":"J. Löwit, Documenta Mathematica (2026)."},"supplementarymaterial":"no","author":[{"first_name":"Jakub","id":"e3b80ae2-eb8e-11eb-b029-9aef4a9108a0","full_name":"Löwit, Jakub","last_name":"Löwit"}],"date_updated":"2026-08-26T06:53:54Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"TaHa"}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","title":"Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1431-0643"],"issn":["1431-0635"]},"scopus_import":"1","keyword":["equivariant algebraic K-theory","perfection in positive characteristic","affine Grassmannian","affine Schubert varieties","Dennis trace map","equivariant Hochschild homology","fixed-point schemes","toric varieties"],"date_created":"2026-08-12T13:29:17Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","corr_author":"1","acknowledgement":"I would like to thank the following people for fruitful discussions,\r\nhelpful sanity checks or comments on previous drafts: Roman Bezrukavnikov, Jens Niklas Eberhardt, Mischa Elkner, Tamás Hausel, Andres Fernandez Herrero, Adeel Khan,\r\nBernhard Köck, Andrei Konovalov, Quoc Ho, Mirko Mauri, Matthew Morrow, Charanya\r\nRavi, Kamil Rychlewicz, Shyiu Shen, Vladimir Sosnilo, Georg Tamme, Xinwen Zhu. I\r\nwould further like to thank Marc Hoyois and the anonymous referee for spotting an error\r\nin a previous version.\r\nThis work was done during author’s PhD at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA). It was funded by a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy\r\nof Sciences and by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 10.55776/P35847. For open access\r\npurposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author-accepted\r\nmanuscript version arising from this submission.","external_id":{"arxiv":["2409.18925"]}},{"file":[{"access_level":"closed","file_size":31192621,"file_name":"2026_Pertl_Felix_Thesis.zip","date_created":"2026-08-12T13:04:21Z","content_type":"application/x-zip-compressed","file_id":"22690","date_updated":"2026-08-12T13:04:21Z","checksum":"0a4f5a941c40b921447e72291d72bc6f","relation":"source_file","creator":"fpertl"},{"file_name":"2026_Pertl_Felix_Thesis.pdf","file_size":27882509,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2026-08-12T13:04:21Z","file_id":"22691","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"fpertl","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-08-12T13:04:21Z","checksum":"ae60dcdb363222138886b2857643d4e3"}],"oa":1,"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"22684","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Contact electrification (CE) is a simple yet elusive phenomenon that occurs when two materials come into contact and separate, leaving behind net electrical charge. Despite its ubiquity, the microscopic origin of CE remains unclear. In this thesis, we investigate CE from three complementary perspectives: developing a quantitative method to measure charge at the nanoscale, exploring the dynamic behavior of charge on insulating surfaces, and uncovering the role of mechanical history in forming a triboelectric series.\r\n\r\nIn the first part, we establish a rigorous framework for converting qualitative Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) voltage maps into quantitative charge density distributions. Using finite element method (FEM) simulations, we determine the point-spread function of the KPFM tip–sample geometry and demonstrate that the true surface charge can be reconstructed by numerical deconvolution. This procedure enables the recovery of both the magnitude and sign of charge density with high fidelity, resolving nanoscale features that are otherwise obscured. Applying the method to contact-charged SiO$_2$ surfaces, we show that existing analytical approximations, such as parallel plate or spherical models, can miscalculate charge magnitude by orders of magnitude. Our hybrid FEM/KPFM approach therefore provides a fast and general method to convert qualitative KPFM signals into quantitative charge data, enabling nanoscale charge mapping under realistic experimental conditions.\r\n\r\nIn the second part, we study the temporal stability of CE-induced charges and identify the key material factors that determine whether KPFM can capture meaningful charge patterns. Through time-resolved experiments combining a custom-built transfer system with both microscopic and macroscopic measurements, we demonstrate that only the best insulators, such as SiO$_2$, preserve CE charge long enough for stationary imaging. For less conductive polymers, such as PDMS, charge decays within the duration of a single KPFM scan due to bulk conduction. Using a simple capacitor-based model, we reproduce the observed decay dynamics and confirm that the transferred charge decays characteristic to the sample's bulk conductivity. Further, we always observe homogeneous charge transfer.\r\n\r\nIn the third part, we address the question: can we form a triboelectric series with identical materials? Using controlled repetitive contact experiments, we show that nominally identical materials can progressively order themselves into a triboelectric series, where surfaces with more contact history charge negatively relative to fresher ones. By constructing a minimal model based on this ``contact bias'', we replicate the evolution from random to ordered charging observed in experiments. Supporting surface analyses, including atomic force microscopy, reveal that repeated contact induces nanoscale morphological changes, suggesting a mechanism tightly coupled to mechanical strain. These results highlight the crucial role of surface history and nanoscale mechanics in dictating charge transfer, motivating further exploration of mechanisms such as mechanochemical bond cleavage and flexoelectric polarization."}],"project":[{"name":"Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics","call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"949120","_id":"0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa"}],"day":"12","ec_funded":1,"type":"dissertation","year":"2026","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","oa_version":"Published Version","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684","status":"public","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"NanoFab"},{"_id":"ScienComp"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"M-Shop"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"}],"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","has_accepted_license":"1","doi_confirm":"1","date_updated":"2026-08-27T11:42:44Z","author":[{"first_name":"Felix","full_name":"Pertl, Felix","id":"6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af","orcid":"0000-0003-0463-5794","last_name":"Pertl"}],"citation":{"short":"F. Pertl, Experimental Probing of Nanoscale Charge Features and Surface Morphology Changes during Tribocharging, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ista":"Pertl F. 2026. Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Pertl, Felix. “Experimental Probing of Nanoscale Charge Features and Surface Morphology Changes during Tribocharging.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684</a>.","ieee":"F. Pertl, “Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","mla":"Pertl, Felix. <i>Experimental Probing of Nanoscale Charge Features and Surface Morphology Changes during Tribocharging</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684</a>.","ama":"Pertl F. Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684</a>","apa":"Pertl, F. (2026). <i>Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684</a>"},"OA_place":"publisher","date_published":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","ddc":["530"],"month":"08","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"20481","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"public","id":"12109","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"id":"19278","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"id":"17373","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"page":"107","degree_awarded":"PhD","acknowledgement":"This project has received financing from the European Research Council grant agreement\r\nno. 949120 under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.\r\nThis research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of The Institute of Science\r\nand Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop, the\r\nNanofabrication Facility, the Lab Support Facility, the Scientific Computing Facility and the\r\nElectron Microscopy Facility. We thank Florian Stumpf from Park Systems for useful discussions\r\nand support with scanning probe microscopy. We thank Joaquin Garcia-Suarez and Guillaume\r\nAnciaux for the suggestion to look into the roughness power spectral density. We thank\r\nIrina-Malina Strugaru for help with testing the device for Young’s modulus measurements.\r\n","corr_author":"1","date_created":"2026-08-12T09:44:40Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Waitukaitis","orcid":"0000-0002-2299-3176","first_name":"Scott R","full_name":"Waitukaitis, Scott R","id":"3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"],"isbn":["978-3-99078-083-1"]},"file_date_updated":"2026-08-12T13:04:21Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"ScWa"}],"title":"Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"corr_author":"1","external_id":{"pmid":["41990175"]},"acknowledgement":"We thank all members of the Loose lab at ISTA for helpful discussions; M. Kojic for critical reading of the manuscript; A. Herrero (Sevilla University) for sharing her extensive BACTH plasmid library and other plasmids, as well as cyanobacterial strains; T. Dagan and F. Nies (both Kiel University) for sharing cyanobacterial strains and plasmids and for valuable discussions; N. Sapay and A. Michon for providing the Amphipaseek code, which enabled us to perform our large-scale amphipathic helix screen of cyanobacterial CorR proteins; V.-V. Hodirnau for support in cryo-ET data collection; and J. Hansen for advice about cryo-EM data processing.\r\nThis work was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of ISTA through resources provided by the Imaging & Optics Facility (IOF), the Scientific Computing (SciComp), the Electron Microscopy Facility (EMF), and the Lab Support Facility (LSF). This work was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant 101034413 to B.L.S.); the European Research Council (ERC) of the European Union (grant ActinID 101076260 to F.K.M.S.); the Swiss National Science Foundation (starting grant TMSGI3_226208 to G.L.W.); and the Jean-Jacques et Letitia Lopez-Loreta Foundation (G.L.W.).","article_type":"original","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-04-26T22:01:46Z","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape","department":[{"_id":"MaLo"},{"_id":"FlSc"},{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"}],"scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0036-8075"],"eissn":["1095-9203"]},"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-3461-5391","id":"b4eb62ef-ac72-11ed-9503-ed3b4d66c083","first_name":"Benjamin L","full_name":"Springstein, Benjamin L","last_name":"Springstein"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2311-2112","full_name":"Javoor, Manjunath","id":"305ab18b-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-b58195228ea2","first_name":"Manjunath","last_name":"Javoor"},{"full_name":"Megrian, Daniela","first_name":"Daniela","last_name":"Megrian"},{"last_name":"Hajdu","first_name":"Roman","full_name":"Hajdu, Roman","id":"ffab949d-133f-11ed-8f02-94de21ace503"},{"last_name":"Hanke","first_name":"Dustin M.","full_name":"Hanke, Dustin M."},{"orcid":"0000-0002-9561-1239","full_name":"Zens, Bettina","first_name":"Bettina","id":"45FD126C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Zens"},{"last_name":"Weiss","first_name":"Gregor L.","full_name":"Weiss, Gregor L."},{"last_name":"Schur","id":"48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Florian Km","full_name":"Schur, Florian Km","orcid":"0000-0003-4790-8078"},{"last_name":"Loose","first_name":"Martin","id":"462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Loose, Martin","orcid":"0000-0001-7309-9724"}],"date_updated":"2026-09-03T09:36:24Z","issue":"6795","citation":{"apa":"Springstein, B. L., Javoor, M., Megrian, D., Hajdu, R., Hanke, D. M., Zens, B., … Loose, M. (2026). Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. <i>Science</i>. AAAS. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343\">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343</a>","mla":"Springstein, Benjamin L., et al. “Repurposing of a DNA Segregation Machinery into a Cytoskeletal System Controlling Cell Shape.” <i>Science</i>, vol. 392, no. 6795, eaea6343, AAAS, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343\">10.1126/science.aea6343</a>.","ama":"Springstein BL, Javoor M, Megrian D, et al. Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. <i>Science</i>. 2026;392(6795). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343\">10.1126/science.aea6343</a>","ieee":"B. L. Springstein <i>et al.</i>, “Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape,” <i>Science</i>, vol. 392, no. 6795. AAAS, 2026.","chicago":"Springstein, Benjamin L, Manjunath Javoor, Daniela Megrian, Roman Hajdu, Dustin M. Hanke, Bettina Zens, Gregor L. Weiss, Florian KM Schur, and Martin Loose. “Repurposing of a DNA Segregation Machinery into a Cytoskeletal System Controlling Cell Shape.” <i>Science</i>. AAAS, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343\">https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343</a>.","ista":"Springstein BL, Javoor M, Megrian D, Hajdu R, Hanke DM, Zens B, Weiss GL, Schur FK, Loose M. 2026. Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. Science. 392(6795), eaea6343.","short":"B.L. Springstein, M. Javoor, D. Megrian, R. Hajdu, D.M. Hanke, B. Zens, G.L. Weiss, F.K. Schur, M. Loose, Science 392 (2026)."},"date_published":"2026-04-16T00:00:00Z","month":"04","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"22744","relation":"dissertation_contains"}]},"oa_version":"None","publisher":"AAAS","year":"2026","ec_funded":1,"type":"journal_article","day":"16","intvolume":"       392","status":"public","OA_type":"closed access","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343","article_number":"eaea6343","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"ScienComp"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"pmid":1,"quality_controlled":"1","volume":392,"project":[{"call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"101034413","name":"IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program","_id":"fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c"},{"grant_number":"101076260","name":"A molecular atlas of Actin filament IDentities in the cell motility machinery","_id":"bd980d18-d553-11ed-ba76-ceaa645c97eb"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Bacteria, like eukaryotes, use conserved cytoskeletal systems for intracellular organization. The plasmid-encoded ParMRC system forms actin-like filaments that segregate low–copy number plasmids. In multicellular cyanobacteria such as Anabaena sp., we found that a chromosomally encoded ParMR system has evolved into a cytoskeletal system named CorMR with a function in cell shape control rather than DNA segregation. Live-cell imaging, in vitro reconstitution, and cryo–electron microscopy revealed that CorM formed dynamically unstable, antiparallel double-stranded filaments that were recruited to the membrane by CorR through an amphipathic helix conserved in multicellular cyanobacteria. CorMR filaments were regulated by MinC, which excluded them from the poles and division plane. Comparative genomics indicated that the repurposing of ParMR and Min systems coevolved with cyanobacterial multicellularity, highlighting the evolutionary plasticity of cytoskeletal systems in bacteria.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1126/science.aea6343","publication":"Science","_id":"21762","publication_status":"published"},{"has_accepted_license":"1","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"EM-Fac"},{"_id":"ScienComp"},{"_id":"LifeSc"}],"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","status":"public","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744","oa_version":"None","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria ","year":"2026","type":"dissertation","day":"21","project":[{"_id":"bd980d18-d553-11ed-ba76-ceaa645c97eb","grant_number":"101076260","name":"A molecular atlas of Actin filament IDentities in the cell motility machinery"},{"_id":"bd91e723-d553-11ed-ba76-fe7eeb2185fd","grant_number":"101071793","name":"Pushing from within: Control of cell shape, integrity and motility by cytoskeletal pushing forces"}],"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744","_id":"22744","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode"},"publication_status":"published","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"file":[{"relation":"source_file","date_updated":"2026-08-27T12:48:42Z","checksum":"f9c2847df9f1ac5a3d60c06b3b81a450","creator":"mjavoor","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","file_id":"22767","date_created":"2026-08-26T12:02:47Z","file_size":27430796,"access_level":"closed","file_name":"2026_Javoor_Manjunath_Thesis.docx"},{"relation":"main_file","checksum":"8e9b4c0fcafbccf5c3796eacc9134a08","date_updated":"2026-08-26T12:02:46Z","creator":"mjavoor","embargo_to":"open_access","file_id":"22768","content_type":"application/pdf","embargo":"2027-08-21","date_created":"2026-08-26T12:02:46Z","file_size":19489230,"access_level":"closed","file_name":"2026_Javoor_Manjunath_Thesis.pdf"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography","file_date_updated":"2026-08-27T12:48:42Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"FlSc"},{"_id":"MiSi"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"],"isbn":["978-3-99078-090-9 "]},"keyword":["Actin cytoskeleton","Cell migration","cryo-electron tomography"],"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Schur","full_name":"Schur, Florian KM","first_name":"Florian KM","id":"48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-4790-8078"},{"last_name":"Sixt","orcid":"0000-0002-6620-9179","first_name":"Michael K","id":"41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Sixt, Michael K"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-21T09:11:04Z","OA_embargo":"12","corr_author":"1","acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the ERC StG grant ActinID (PRA01221F1049A) awarded to Florian\r\nSchur, the ERC-SyG grant Pushing from within (P01071793) awarded to Michael Sixt, and by ISTA.\r\nI would like to thank the Scientific Service Units at ISTA for their essential support throughout\r\nthis work. In particular, I am grateful to the Electron Microscopy Facility, Imaging and Optics\r\nFacility, Zebrafish Facility, Scientific Computing Facility, and Lab Support Facility for their services,\r\nand technical support, all of which were important for the successful completion of this project.","degree_awarded":"PhD","page":"121","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"12334"},{"id":"21762","status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"public","id":"19795","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"12421"}]},"month":"08","ddc":["570"],"date_published":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","OA_place":"publisher","citation":{"ista":"Javoor M. 2026. Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography. Institute of Science and Technology Austria .","chicago":"Javoor, Manjunath. “Large-Scale Imaging of Cellular Actin Networks at Single Filament Resolution Using Montage Cryo-Electron Tomography.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria , 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744</a>.","ieee":"M. Javoor, “Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria , 2026.","short":"M. Javoor, Large-Scale Imaging of Cellular Actin Networks at Single Filament Resolution Using Montage Cryo-Electron Tomography, Institute of Science and Technology Austria , 2026.","apa":"Javoor, M. (2026). <i>Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria . <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744</a>","ama":"Javoor M. Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744</a>","mla":"Javoor, Manjunath. <i>Large-Scale Imaging of Cellular Actin Networks at Single Filament Resolution Using Montage Cryo-Electron Tomography</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria , 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744</a>."},"author":[{"last_name":"Javoor","orcid":"0000-0003-2311-2112","id":"305ab18b-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-b58195228ea2","first_name":"Manjunath","full_name":"Javoor, Manjunath"}],"doi_confirm":"1","date_updated":"2026-09-03T09:36:24Z"},{"ddc":["520"],"date_published":"2026-08-13T00:00:00Z","das_tickbox":"1","page":"329-333","month":"08","PlanS_conform":"1","supplementarymaterial":"yes","author":[{"last_name":"Naidu","first_name":"Rohan P.","full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P."},{"last_name":"Matthee","first_name":"Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X"},{"first_name":"Harley","full_name":"Katz, Harley","last_name":"Katz"},{"last_name":"De Graaff","full_name":"De Graaff, Anna","first_name":"Anna"},{"full_name":"Oesch, Pascal A.","first_name":"Pascal A.","last_name":"Oesch"},{"last_name":"Smith","first_name":"Aaron","full_name":"Smith, Aaron"},{"last_name":"Greene","full_name":"Greene, Jenny E.","first_name":"Jenny E."},{"first_name":"Gabriel","full_name":"Brammer, Gabriel","last_name":"Brammer"},{"full_name":"Weibel, Andrea","first_name":"Andrea","last_name":"Weibel"},{"first_name":"Raphael","full_name":"Hviding, Raphael","last_name":"Hviding"},{"last_name":"Chisholm","full_name":"Chisholm, John","first_name":"John"},{"first_name":"Ivo","full_name":"Labbé, Ivo","last_name":"Labbé"},{"full_name":"Simcoe, Robert A.","first_name":"Robert A.","last_name":"Simcoe"},{"full_name":"Witten, Callum","first_name":"Callum","last_name":"Witten"},{"last_name":"Sun","full_name":"Sun, Wendy Q.","first_name":"Wendy Q."},{"last_name":"Atek","first_name":"Hakim","full_name":"Atek, Hakim"},{"full_name":"Baggen, Josephine F.W.","first_name":"Josephine F.W.","last_name":"Baggen"},{"first_name":"Sirio","full_name":"Belli, Sirio","last_name":"Belli"},{"full_name":"Bezanson, Rachel","first_name":"Rachel","last_name":"Bezanson"},{"last_name":"Boogaard","first_name":"Leindert A.","full_name":"Boogaard, Leindert A."},{"full_name":"Bose, Sownak","first_name":"Sownak","last_name":"Bose"},{"first_name":"Rychard J.","full_name":"Bouwens, Rychard J.","last_name":"Bouwens"},{"first_name":"Alba","full_name":"Covelo-Paz, Alba","last_name":"Covelo-Paz"},{"full_name":"Dayal, Pratika","first_name":"Pratika","last_name":"Dayal"},{"last_name":"Fudamoto","full_name":"Fudamoto, Yoshinobu","first_name":"Yoshinobu"},{"last_name":"Furtak","full_name":"Furtak, Lukas J.","first_name":"Lukas J."},{"full_name":"Giovinazzo, Emma","first_name":"Emma","last_name":"Giovinazzo"},{"first_name":"Andy","full_name":"Goulding, Andy","last_name":"Goulding"},{"last_name":"Gronke","full_name":"Gronke, Max","first_name":"Max"},{"last_name":"Heintz","first_name":"Kasper E.","full_name":"Heintz, Kasper E."},{"first_name":"Michaela","full_name":"Hirschmann, Michaela","last_name":"Hirschmann"},{"first_name":"Garth","full_name":"Illingworth, Garth","last_name":"Illingworth"},{"last_name":"Inoue","full_name":"Inoue, Akio K.","first_name":"Akio K."},{"full_name":"Johnson, Benjamin D.","first_name":"Benjamin D.","last_name":"Johnson"},{"last_name":"Leja","full_name":"Leja, Joel","first_name":"Joel"},{"full_name":"Leonova, Ecaterina","first_name":"Ecaterina","last_name":"Leonova"},{"first_name":"Ian","full_name":"Mcconachie, Ian","last_name":"Mcconachie"},{"first_name":"Michael V.","full_name":"Maseda, Michael V.","last_name":"Maseda"},{"last_name":"Natarajan","first_name":"Priyamvada","full_name":"Natarajan, Priyamvada"},{"full_name":"Nelson, Erica","first_name":"Erica","last_name":"Nelson"},{"full_name":"Setton, David J.","first_name":"David J.","last_name":"Setton"},{"last_name":"Shivaei","full_name":"Shivaei, Irene","first_name":"Irene"},{"last_name":"Sobral","full_name":"Sobral, David","first_name":"David"},{"first_name":"Mauro","full_name":"Stefanon, Mauro","last_name":"Stefanon"},{"last_name":"Tacchella","first_name":"Sandro","full_name":"Tacchella, Sandro"},{"last_name":"Toft","full_name":"Toft, Sune","first_name":"Sune"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-5586-6950","full_name":"Torralba Torregrosa, Alberto","id":"018f0249-0e87-11f0-b167-cbce08fbd541","first_name":"Alberto","last_name":"Torralba Torregrosa"},{"full_name":"Van Dokkum, Pieter","first_name":"Pieter","last_name":"Van Dokkum"},{"full_name":"Van Der Wel, Arjen","first_name":"Arjen","last_name":"Van Der Wel"},{"first_name":"Marta","full_name":"Volonteri, Marta","last_name":"Volonteri"},{"first_name":"Fabian","full_name":"Walter, Fabian","last_name":"Walter"},{"last_name":"Wang","full_name":"Wang, Bingjie","first_name":"Bingjie"},{"last_name":"Watson","full_name":"Watson, Darach","first_name":"Darach"},{"full_name":"Whitaker, Katherine","first_name":"Katherine","last_name":"Whitaker"}],"date_updated":"2026-09-07T12:50:34Z","OA_place":"publisher","issue":"8127","citation":{"apa":"Naidu, R. P., Matthee, J. J., Katz, H., De Graaff, A., Oesch, P. A., Smith, A., … Whitaker, K. (2026). A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4</a>","ama":"Naidu RP, Matthee JJ, Katz H, et al. A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn. <i>Nature</i>. 2026;656(8127):329-333. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4\">10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4</a>","mla":"Naidu, Rohan P., et al. “A Gas-Enshrouded and Gas-Reddened Black Hole at Cosmic Dawn.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 656, no. 8127, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 329–33, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4\">10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4</a>.","chicago":"Naidu, Rohan P., Jorryt J Matthee, Harley Katz, Anna De Graaff, Pascal A. Oesch, Aaron Smith, Jenny E. Greene, et al. “A Gas-Enshrouded and Gas-Reddened Black Hole at Cosmic Dawn.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4</a>.","ista":"Naidu RP, Matthee JJ, Katz H, De Graaff A, Oesch PA, Smith A, Greene JE, Brammer G, Weibel A, Hviding R, Chisholm J, Labbé I, Simcoe RA, Witten C, Sun WQ, Atek H, Baggen JFW, Belli S, Bezanson R, Boogaard LA, Bose S, Bouwens RJ, Covelo-Paz A, Dayal P, Fudamoto Y, Furtak LJ, Giovinazzo E, Goulding A, Gronke M, Heintz KE, Hirschmann M, Illingworth G, Inoue AK, Johnson BD, Leja J, Leonova E, Mcconachie I, Maseda MV, Natarajan P, Nelson E, Setton DJ, Shivaei I, Sobral D, Stefanon M, Tacchella S, Toft S, Torralba Torregrosa A, Van Dokkum P, Van Der Wel A, Volonteri M, Walter F, Wang B, Watson D, Whitaker K. 2026. A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn. Nature. 656(8127), 329–333.","ieee":"R. P. Naidu <i>et al.</i>, “A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 656, no. 8127. Springer Nature, pp. 329–333, 2026.","short":"R.P. Naidu, J.J. Matthee, H. Katz, A. De Graaff, P.A. Oesch, A. Smith, J.E. Greene, G. Brammer, A. Weibel, R. Hviding, J. Chisholm, I. Labbé, R.A. Simcoe, C. Witten, W.Q. Sun, H. Atek, J.F.W. Baggen, S. Belli, R. Bezanson, L.A. Boogaard, S. Bose, R.J. Bouwens, A. Covelo-Paz, P. Dayal, Y. Fudamoto, L.J. Furtak, E. Giovinazzo, A. Goulding, M. Gronke, K.E. Heintz, M. Hirschmann, G. Illingworth, A.K. Inoue, B.D. Johnson, J. Leja, E. Leonova, I. Mcconachie, M.V. Maseda, P. Natarajan, E. Nelson, D.J. Setton, I. Shivaei, D. Sobral, M. Stefanon, S. Tacchella, S. Toft, A. Torralba Torregrosa, P. Van Dokkum, A. Van Der Wel, M. Volonteri, F. Walter, B. Wang, D. Watson, K. Whitaker, Nature 656 (2026) 329–333."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-23T22:01:46Z","title":"A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-09-07T12:49:32Z","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1476-4687"],"issn":["0028-0836"]},"acknowledgement":"This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with programs 5224 and 3543. R.P.N. is a NASA Hubble Fellow. D.J.S. is a Brinson Prize Fellow. Some of the data products presented in this study were retrieved from the DJA. DJA is an initiative of the Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), which is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. We acknowledge funding from JWST programmes GO-3516, GO-5224 and GO-1837. Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Funded by the European Union (ERC AGENTS, 101076224; HEAVYMETAL, 101071865; RED CARDINAL, 101076080). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. This work was also supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant no. 23H00131. The Cosmic Dawn Center is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. P.N. acknowledges support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the John Templeton Foundation that fund the Black Hole Initiative (BHI) at Harvard University, where she serves as an external prinicpal investigator. S. Bose acknowledges funding from a UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Future Leaders Fellowship (grant no. MR/V023381/1).","external_id":{"pmid":["42587117"]},"dataavailabilitystatement":"The prism spectra obtained as part of JWST-GO-5224 (MoM) featured in this work are available on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15059214). All processed images and spectra used in this work are publicly available via the DAWN JWST archive (https://dawn-cph.github.io/dja/). All results presented may be reproduced with the open-access reduced data described above and using the following publicly available software whose use is referenced in the text: msaexp, grizli, astropy, Cloudy, SpectRes, pysersic, COLT and numpyro.","article_type":"original","doi":"10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4","abstract":[{"text":"The physical processes that led to the formation of billion-solar-mass black holes within the first 700 million years of cosmic time, a period known as cosmic dawn, remain a puzzle1. Several theoretical scenarios have been proposed to seed and rapidly grow black holes2,3,4, but direct observations of these mechanisms remain elusive. Here we present a source 660 million years after the Big Bang that exhibits singular properties: among the largest hydrogen Balmer breaks reported at any redshift, broad multi-peaked Hβ emission, and Balmer line absorption in several transitions. We model this source as an enshrouded black hole in which the Balmer break and absorption features are a result of extremely dense, turbulent gas forming a dust-free envelope around a supermassive black hole5,6. This source may provide evidence of an early black hole embedded in dense gas—a theoretical configuration proposed to rapidly grow black holes by super-Eddington accretion7,8. Radiation from the black hole seems to dominate almost all observed light, leaving limited room for contribution from its host galaxy. If the source merged with its brighter neighbour, it would resemble the recently discovered ‘little red dots’ with perplexing spectral energy distributions9,10,11. The redness of the black hole is due to gas, not dust12,13, and scattering, not kinematics, gives rise to the complex line shapes and luminosities—black hole masses of these sources may therefore be overestimated by orders of magnitude.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_status":"published","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"22751","publication":"Nature","oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","file":[{"success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22841","creator":"dernst","date_updated":"2026-09-07T12:49:32Z","checksum":"80127691cb39deb39948c337f6915f7b","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2026_Nature_Naidu.pdf","file_size":15134062,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2026-09-07T12:49:32Z"}],"volume":656,"has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","pmid":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"Springer Nature","type":"journal_article","year":"2026","day":"13","researchdata_availability":"yes","intvolume":"       656","OA_type":"hybrid","status":"public","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4"},{"citation":{"ama":"Zhao Z, Vercellino I, Whitelegge JP, et al. Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2026;17. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x\">10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x</a>","mla":"Zhao, Ziyu, et al. “Cryo-EM Structures of Naturally Occurring Dimeric Photosystem II Complexes Lacking the Mn4CaO5 Cluster.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17, 8433, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x\">10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x</a>.","apa":"Zhao, Z., Vercellino, I., Whitelegge, J. P., Maghlaoui, K., Białek, W., Nixon, P. J., &#38; Sazanov, L. A. (2026). Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x</a>","short":"Z. Zhao, I. Vercellino, J.P. Whitelegge, K. Maghlaoui, W. Białek, P.J. Nixon, L.A. Sazanov, Nature Communications 17 (2026).","ieee":"Z. Zhao <i>et al.</i>, “Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17. Springer Nature, 2026.","ista":"Zhao Z, Vercellino I, Whitelegge JP, Maghlaoui K, Białek W, Nixon PJ, Sazanov LA. 2026. Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster. Nature Communications. 17, 8433.","chicago":"Zhao, Ziyu, Irene Vercellino, Julian P. Whitelegge, Karim Maghlaoui, Wojciech Białek, Peter J. Nixon, and Leonid A Sazanov. “Cryo-EM Structures of Naturally Occurring Dimeric Photosystem II Complexes Lacking the Mn4CaO5 Cluster.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x</a>."},"OA_place":"publisher","date_updated":"2026-09-07T13:17:53Z","supplementarymaterial":"yes","author":[{"first_name":"Ziyu","full_name":"Zhao, Ziyu","id":"a63fe682-9f3a-11ee-bf8c-cfdf919b9850","last_name":"Zhao"},{"last_name":"Vercellino","full_name":"Vercellino, Irene","first_name":"Irene","id":"3ED6AF16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-5618-3449"},{"full_name":"Whitelegge, Julian P.","first_name":"Julian P.","last_name":"Whitelegge"},{"full_name":"Maghlaoui, Karim","first_name":"Karim","last_name":"Maghlaoui"},{"first_name":"Wojciech","full_name":"Białek, Wojciech","last_name":"Białek"},{"last_name":"Nixon","first_name":"Peter J.","full_name":"Nixon, Peter J."},{"full_name":"Sazanov, Leonid A","id":"338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Leonid A","orcid":"0000-0002-0977-7989","last_name":"Sazanov"}],"month":"08","das_tickbox":"1","ddc":["570"],"date_published":"2026-08-17T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","dataavailabilitystatement":"The cryo-EM maps are deposited in the Electron Microscopy Data Bank under accession number EMD- 51100 (inactive dimer), EMD- 51102 (active dimer) and EMD-51101 (semi-active dimer). The models are deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession numbers 9G6F (inactive dimer), 9G6H (active dimer) and 9G6G (semi-active dimer). Mass spectrometry data was uploaded to MassIVE with accession code MSV000101057. Source data are provided with this paper.","external_id":{"pmid":["42420307"]},"acknowledgement":"P.J.N. is grateful for the support from the Imperial College Electron Microscopy Center. L.A.S. acknowledges the support from the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria: the Electron Microscopy Facility (EMF), the Life Science Facility (LSF) and the IST high-performance computing cluster. P.J.N. is grateful for the support of the Biotechnology & Biological Sciences Research Council (awards BB/I00937X/1, BB/L003260/1 and BB/P00931X/1). L.A.S. is grateful to IST Austria for providing the funding.","corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","title":"Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster","department":[{"_id":"LeSa"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-09-07T13:13:03Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-23T22:01:46Z","volume":17,"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","file":[{"success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22843","creator":"dernst","checksum":"a820b736585de22bcfa30ebdd25a6dd2","date_updated":"2026-09-07T13:13:03Z","relation":"main_file","file_name":"2026_NatureComm_Zhao.pdf","access_level":"open_access","file_size":3370665,"date_created":"2026-09-07T13:13:03Z"}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","publication_status":"published","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode"},"_id":"22750","publication":"Nature Communications","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Robust oxygenic photosynthesis requires the efficient assembly and repair of the multi-subunit oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII) complex. Previous cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of PSII assembly/disassembly intermediates have relied on the analysis of deletion mutants or removal of PSII subunits in vitro. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric PSII intermediates from the cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vestitus at a resolution of about 2.2 Å. These intermediates contain inactive dimers lacking the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) and semi-active dimers with the OEC present in one of the two monomers. Our structural data provide a mechanism for how assembly and disassembly of the Mn4CaO5 cluster is coordinated with the binding and release of the extrinsic proteins: restructuring of the C-terminal tail of D1 subunit during assembly or disassembly of the Mn cluster triggers conformational changes in D2, CP47 and CP43 to drive the binding/release of the extrinsic proteins. A combination of structural and mass spectrometry data also suggests that the inactive PSII complexes may include damaged complexes containing oxidized D1-His332, a monodentate ligand to one of the Mn ions of the OEC."}],"OA_type":"gold","status":"public","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x","article_number":"8433","intvolume":"        17","day":"17","researchdata_availability":"yes","publisher":"Springer Nature","oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2026","type":"journal_article","pmid":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"EM-Fac"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"has_accepted_license":"1"},{"intvolume":"        58","OA_type":"hybrid","status":"public","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464","article_number":"e70464","oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"Wiley","year":"2026","type":"journal_article","day":"01","researchdata_availability":"no","has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa":1,"file":[{"file_name":"2026_BulletinLondonMathSoc_Anastos.pdf","file_size":248641,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2026-09-07T13:53:26Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22845","success":1,"creator":"dernst","checksum":"b4b21f05c3fc62fde243a5ddd46cef49","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-09-07T13:53:26Z"}],"quality_controlled":"1","volume":58,"project":[{"grant_number":"ESP3863424","name":"Combinatorial Optimisation Problems on Sparse Random Graphs","_id":"8f906bd2-16d5-11f0-9cad-e07be8aa9ac9"}],"abstract":[{"text":"In this note we outline a new and simple approach to proving central limit theorems for various ‘global’ graph parameters that have robust ‘local’ approximations, using the Efron–Stein inequality, which relies on a combinatorial analysis of the stability of these approximations under resampling an edge. As an application, we give short proofs of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and of the 𝑘\r\n-core for sparse random graphs.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1112/blms.70464","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication_status":"published","_id":"22752","publication":"Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society","article_type":"original","acknowledgement":"This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [10.55776/P36131 (Joshua Erde), 10.55776/I6502 (Mihyun Kang), 10.55776/ESP3863424 (Michael Anastos)] and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [P500-2_235474] (Vincent Pfenninger). For open access purposes, the authors have applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. The authors thank the reviewers for helpful comments on the paper, and for bringing the particular form of Theorem 2.2 to our attention.","external_id":{"arxiv":["2506.11651"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","title":"A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core","file_date_updated":"2026-09-07T13:53:26Z","department":[{"_id":"MaKw"}],"scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1469-2120"],"issn":["0024-6093"]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-23T22:01:47Z","mathsc":["05C80","60F05"],"arxiv":1,"OA_place":"publisher","issue":"8","citation":{"ieee":"M. Anastos, J. Erde, M. Kang, and V. Pfenninger, “A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core,” <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 58, no. 8. Wiley, 2026.","ista":"Anastos M, Erde J, Kang M, Pfenninger V. 2026. A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society. 58(8), e70464.","chicago":"Anastos, Michael, Joshua Erde, Mihyun Kang, and Vincent Pfenninger. “A Short Proof of a Central Limit Theorem for the Order of the Giant Component and K-Core.” <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>. Wiley, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464\">https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464</a>.","short":"M. Anastos, J. Erde, M. Kang, V. Pfenninger, Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 58 (2026).","apa":"Anastos, M., Erde, J., Kang, M., &#38; Pfenninger, V. (2026). A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core. <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464\">https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464</a>","mla":"Anastos, Michael, et al. “A Short Proof of a Central Limit Theorem for the Order of the Giant Component and K-Core.” <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 58, no. 8, e70464, Wiley, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464\">10.1112/blms.70464</a>.","ama":"Anastos M, Erde J, Kang M, Pfenninger V. A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core. <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>. 2026;58(8). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464\">10.1112/blms.70464</a>"},"author":[{"last_name":"Anastos","first_name":"Michael","id":"0b2a4358-bb35-11ec-b7b9-e3279b593dbb","full_name":"Anastos, Michael"},{"last_name":"Erde","full_name":"Erde, Joshua","first_name":"Joshua"},{"last_name":"Kang","full_name":"Kang, Mihyun","first_name":"Mihyun"},{"last_name":"Pfenninger","first_name":"Vincent","full_name":"Pfenninger, Vincent"}],"supplementarymaterial":"no","date_updated":"2026-09-07T13:56:17Z","das_tickbox":"0","month":"08","PlanS_conform":"1","ddc":["510"],"date_published":"2026-08-01T00:00:00Z"},{"ddc":["000"],"date_published":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","page":"187","month":"08","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public","id":"21262"},{"status":"public","id":"14691","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"public","id":"18702","relation":"part_of_dissertation"}]},"degree_awarded":"PhD","date_updated":"2026-09-07T14:12:39Z","doi_confirm":"1","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-2505-4246","id":"ffc563a3-f6e0-11ea-865d-e3cce03d17cc","first_name":"Miguel","full_name":"Cueto Noval, Miguel","last_name":"Cueto Noval"}],"citation":{"apa":"Cueto Noval, M. (2026). <i>Towards efficient secure group messaging</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664</a>","mla":"Cueto Noval, Miguel. <i>Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664</a>.","ama":"Cueto Noval M. Towards efficient secure group messaging. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664</a>","ieee":"M. Cueto Noval, “Towards efficient secure group messaging,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ista":"Cueto Noval M. 2026. Towards efficient secure group messaging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","chicago":"Cueto Noval, Miguel. “Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664</a>.","short":"M. Cueto Noval, Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026."},"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","OA_place":"publisher","supervisor":[{"last_name":"Pietrzak","orcid":"0000-0002-9139-1654","full_name":"Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z","id":"3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Krzysztof Z"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-10T10:18:35Z","publication_identifier":{"isbn":[" 978-3-99078-087-9"],"issn":["2663-337X"]},"title":"Towards efficient secure group messaging","article_processing_charge":"No","file_date_updated":"2026-08-19T11:36:46Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"KrPi"}],"corr_author":"1","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)"},"publication_status":"published","_id":"22664","abstract":[{"text":"The widespread adoption of apps like Whatsapp and Signal has translated into billions of people all around the world communicating on a regular basis by making use of services that offer end-to-end encryption and even provide security guarantees when a user's device is compromised.\r\n\r\nThis was made possible by the introduction of the Double Ratchet Algorithm~\\cite{double_ratchet}, which was designed for a setting where communication takes place between two parties.\r\nHowever, in practice, many apps offer the possibility of creating groups.\r\nThe protocols they use to secure communication are inefficient for large group which has the undesireable consequence that the aforementioned apps have established limits on the group size of roughly 1000 users.\r\nThis has motivated the introduction of the Messaging Layer Security (MLS) standard~\\cite{rfc9420} by the IETF which is based on a primitive called Continuous Group Key Agreement (CGKA)~\\cite{C:ACDT20}.\r\n\r\nThis primitive allows a group of users to maintain a shared secret key that is frequently rotated by the group members in order to change group membership, achieve forward secrecy (FS) and post compromise security (PCS).\r\nMost protocols are based on binary trees where the nodes are associated to a pair formed by public key and a secret key.\r\nEach leaf corresponds to one of the group members and a user knows the secret keys associated to nodes along the path from their leaf to the root.\r\nWhen a user wants to update their key material they have to change $ \\log(N) $ many keys.\r\nThis requires uploading $ \\log(N) $ many ciphertexts to communicate the new keys to the rest of the group members in a way that respects the tree structure.\r\n\r\nIn this thesis we study how much communication between group members is required in order to add and remove users from a group as well as in order to provide PCS when we consider CGKAs built using standard cryptographic primitives like pseudo-random functions and public-key encryption. Furthermore, we also consider the case of MLS and provide the first lower bound showing that its communication complexity is much worse than previously believed, i.e., it is very far from $ \\log(N) $.\r\nFinally, we also propose a variant of MLS which provably achieves the same security properties with a much lower communication cost.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664","oa":1,"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"file":[{"date_updated":"2026-08-19T11:36:46Z","relation":"main_file","checksum":"d61beeb9a250a04396c2c61bbd0783aa","creator":"mcuetono","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22702","date_created":"2026-08-13T09:39:00Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1390255,"file_name":"2026_CuetoNoval_Miguel_Thesis.pdf"},{"access_level":"closed","file_size":9923509,"file_name":"2026_CuetoNoval_Miguel_Thesis.zip","date_created":"2026-08-13T09:39:01Z","content_type":"application/zip","file_id":"22703","relation":"source_file","checksum":"4d6def422cc93a108faf5e5defc0f807","date_updated":"2026-08-14T10:26:06Z","creator":"mcuetono"}],"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"10","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2026","type":"dissertation","status":"public","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664"},{"_id":"22754","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication":"38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification","publication_status":"published","project":[{"name":"Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software","grant_number":"101020093","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d"}],"doi":"10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Quantitative automata (QAs) extend finite-state automata on infinite words with weighted transitions to specify quantitative system properties. However, their finite weight sets rule out properties like average response time, where response times can be arbitrarily large. Nested quantitative automata (NQAs) overcome this limitation: a parent automaton spawns child automata to compute unbounded values over finite infixes and aggregates them into a final result. Despite this expressiveness, NQAs have lacked practical tool support to date.\r\n\r\nWe close this gap by extending the Quantitative Automata Kit (QuAK), a software tool for QA analysis, to support NQAs. Our core contribution is implementing a suite of flattening procedures that reduce NQAs to QAs, leveraging QuAK’s existing decision procedures. These reductions preserve the answers to threshold decision problems, while allowing users to specify properties in the more expressive NQA formalism. The tool handles all combinations of parent aggregators (including limits and averages) and child functions (extrema and monotonic or bounded summations) for which emptiness and universality are known to be decidable. Experiments on response-time and resource-consumption benchmarks demonstrate QuAK’s effectiveness."}],"volume":16683,"oa":1,"alternative_title":["LNCS"],"file":[{"creator":"dernst","relation":"main_file","checksum":"043ba7b83f28d036d5a0e6e70a52cc9a","date_updated":"2026-09-09T06:33:55Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22861","success":1,"date_created":"2026-09-09T06:33:55Z","file_name":"2026_LNCS_HenzingerT.pdf","file_size":425988,"access_level":"open_access"}],"quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","OA_type":"hybrid","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20","intvolume":"     16683","day":"01","researchdata_availability":"yes","publisher":"Springer Nature","oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2026","ec_funded":1,"type":"conference","page":"418-432","month":"01","das_tickbox":"1","ddc":["000"],"date_published":"2026-01-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ieee":"T. A. Henzinger, N. A. Mazzocchi, N. E. Sarac, and H. Yılmaz, “Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata,” in <i>38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, Lisbon, Portugal, 2026, vol. 16683, pp. 418–432.","chicago":"Henzinger, Thomas A, Nicolas Adrien Mazzocchi, Naci E Sarac, and Harun Yılmaz. “Extending QuAK with Nested Quantitative Automata.” In <i>38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, 16683:418–32. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20</a>.","ista":"Henzinger TA, Mazzocchi NA, Sarac NE, Yılmaz H. 2026. Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata. 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 16683, 418–432.","short":"T.A. Henzinger, N.A. Mazzocchi, N.E. Sarac, H. Yılmaz, in:, 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 418–432.","apa":"Henzinger, T. A., Mazzocchi, N. A., Sarac, N. E., &#38; Yılmaz, H. (2026). Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata. In <i>38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i> (Vol. 16683, pp. 418–432). Lisbon, Portugal: Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20</a>","mla":"Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Extending QuAK with Nested Quantitative Automata.” <i>38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>, vol. 16683, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 418–32, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20\">10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20</a>.","ama":"Henzinger TA, Mazzocchi NA, Sarac NE, Yılmaz H. Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata. In: <i>38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification</i>. Vol 16683. Springer Nature; 2026:418-432. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20\">10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20</a>"},"arxiv":1,"OA_place":"publisher","date_updated":"2026-09-09T06:37:41Z","supplementarymaterial":"no","author":[{"last_name":"Henzinger","first_name":"Thomas A","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2985-7724"},{"full_name":"Mazzocchi, Nicolas Adrien","id":"b26baa86-3308-11ec-87b0-8990f34baa85","first_name":"Nicolas Adrien","last_name":"Mazzocchi"},{"last_name":"Sarac","first_name":"Naci E","id":"8C6B42F8-C8E6-11E9-A03A-F2DCE5697425","full_name":"Sarac, Naci E"},{"first_name":"Harun","full_name":"Yılmaz, Harun","last_name":"Yılmaz"}],"scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0302-9743"],"isbn":["9783032325259"],"eissn":["1611-3349"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata","file_date_updated":"2026-09-09T06:33:55Z","department":[{"_id":"ToHe"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-23T22:01:47Z","conference":{"location":"Lisbon, Portugal","end_date":"2026-07-29","name":"CAV: Computer Aided Verification","start_date":"2026-07-26"},"dataavailabilitystatement":"The artifact supporting the experimental results in this paper is available in the QuAK repository at https://github.com/ista-vamos/nested-quak. It contains the extended QuAK implementation, benchmark generators, example inputs, and scripts/logs for reproducing the reported tables. The artifact is intended to reproduce the experiments under the setup described in Sect. 4; runtimes may vary across machines, and the reported timeout and memory-exhaustion results depend on the stated hardware limits. No sensitive or restricted data are used. An archived version is available on Zenodo at DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19844606.","external_id":{"arxiv":["2605.12418"]},"acknowledgement":"This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Grants VAMOS (No. 101020093) and HYPER (No. 101055412)."},{"date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:01:47Z","author":[{"last_name":"Serbyn","orcid":"0000-0002-2399-5827","id":"47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Serbyn, Maksym","first_name":"Maksym"},{"first_name":"Alexander","full_name":"Avdoshkin, Alexander","last_name":"Avdoshkin"},{"last_name":"Diessel","first_name":"Oriana K.","full_name":"Diessel, Oriana K."},{"last_name":"Huse","full_name":"Huse, David A.","first_name":"David A."}],"supplementarymaterial":"yes","citation":{"mla":"Serbyn, Maksym, et al. “Eigenstate Thermalization in Thermal First-Order Phase Transitions.” <i>Physical Review X</i>, vol. 16, no. 3, 031042, American Physical Society, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4\">10.1103/4zs8-7kf4</a>.","ama":"Serbyn M, Avdoshkin A, Diessel OK, Huse DA. Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions. <i>Physical Review X</i>. 2026;16(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4\">10.1103/4zs8-7kf4</a>","apa":"Serbyn, M., Avdoshkin, A., Diessel, O. K., &#38; Huse, D. A. (2026). Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions. <i>Physical Review X</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4\">https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4</a>","short":"M. Serbyn, A. Avdoshkin, O.K. Diessel, D.A. Huse, Physical Review X 16 (2026).","chicago":"Serbyn, Maksym, Alexander Avdoshkin, Oriana K. Diessel, and David A. Huse. “Eigenstate Thermalization in Thermal First-Order Phase Transitions.” <i>Physical Review X</i>. American Physical Society, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4\">https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4</a>.","ista":"Serbyn M, Avdoshkin A, Diessel OK, Huse DA. 2026. Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions. Physical Review X. 16(3), 031042.","ieee":"M. Serbyn, A. Avdoshkin, O. K. Diessel, and D. A. Huse, “Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions,” <i>Physical Review X</i>, vol. 16, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2026."},"issue":"3","OA_place":"publisher","arxiv":1,"date_published":"2026-08-18T00:00:00Z","ddc":["530"],"PlanS_conform":"1","month":"08","das_tickbox":"1","external_id":{"arxiv":["2601.08347"]},"acknowledgement":"A. A. acknowledges discussions and prior collaboration on related topics with Anatoly Dymarsky. M. S. acknowledges Ashwin Vishwanath for introducing him to the idea of thermal first-order phase transitions in quantum systems. This research was supported in part by Grant No. NSF PHY-2309135 to the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) and by the Erwin Schrödinger International Institute for Mathematics and Physics (ESI). O. K. D. acknowledges support from the NSF through a grant for ITAMP at Harvard University. D. A. H. was supported in part by NSF QLCI Grant No. OMA-2120757.","corr_author":"1","article_type":"original","dataavailabilitystatement":"There are no publicly available research data or software supporting this manuscript. Requests for further information or data should be sent to the authors.","date_created":"2026-08-24T06:57:25Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2160-3308"]},"scopus_import":"1","department":[{"_id":"MaSe"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:00:24Z","title":"Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions","article_processing_charge":"Yes","volume":16,"file":[{"checksum":"8bf0d88f17783dc1e6bf4c754534d734","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:00:24Z","creator":"dernst","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22862","date_created":"2026-09-09T07:00:24Z","file_size":2537492,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2026_PhysicalReviewX_Serbyn.pdf"}],"quality_controlled":"1","oa":1,"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"22755","publication":"Physical Review X","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1103/4zs8-7kf4","abstract":[{"text":"The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) posits how isolated quantum many-body systems thermalize, assuming that individual eigenstates at the same energy density have identical expectation values of local observables in the limit of large systems. While the ETH apparently holds across a wide range of interacting quantum systems, in this work, we show that it may require generalization in the presence of thermal first-order phase transitions. We introduce a class of all-to-all spin models, featuring first-order thermal phase transitions that stem from two distinct local maxima of entropy (two mean-field solutions that we dub “branches”) that exchange dominance in the many-body density of states as the energy is varied. We argue that, for energies in the vicinity of the thermal phase transition, eigenstate expectation values do not need to converge to the same thermal value. The system has a regime with coexistence of two classes of eigenstates corresponding to the two branches with distinct expectation values at the same energy density and another regime with Schrödinger-cat-like eigenstates that are interbranch superpositions; these two regimes are separated by an eigenstate phase transition. We propose a more general form of the ETH , support our results by semiclassical calculations and an exact diagonalization study of a microscopic spin model, and argue that the structure of eigenstates in the vicinity of thermal first-order phase transitions can be experimentally probed via nonequilibrium dynamics.","lang":"eng"}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","researchdata_availability":"upon request","day":"18","type":"journal_article","year":"2026","publisher":"American Physical Society","oa_version":"Published Version","article_number":"031042","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4","status":"public","OA_type":"gold","intvolume":"        16","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","has_accepted_license":"1"},{"date_published":"2026-08-12T00:00:00Z","ddc":["570"],"month":"08","PlanS_conform":"1","das_tickbox":"1","date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:11:02Z","author":[{"last_name":"Stouffer","id":"4C9372C4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Stouffer, Melissa A","first_name":"Melissa A"},{"id":"862A3C56-A8BF-11E9-B4FA-D9E3E5697425","first_name":"Osvaldo","full_name":"Miranda, Osvaldo","orcid":"0000-0001-6618-6889","last_name":"Miranda"},{"last_name":"Pauler","first_name":"Florian","id":"48EA0138-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Pauler, Florian","orcid":"0000-0002-7462-0048"},{"last_name":"Pipicelli","first_name":"Fabrizia","full_name":"Pipicelli, Fabrizia","id":"649134fd-d012-11ed-8f82-db1e5050f9ba"},{"last_name":"Streicher","id":"36BCB99C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Carmen","full_name":"Streicher, Carmen"},{"orcid":"0000-0001-8457-2572","id":"471195F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cheung, Giselle T","first_name":"Giselle T","last_name":"Cheung"},{"id":"37B36620-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Hippenmeyer, Simon","first_name":"Simon","orcid":"0000-0003-2279-1061","last_name":"Hippenmeyer"}],"supplementarymaterial":"yes","citation":{"mla":"Stouffer, Melissa A., et al. “Temporal Uncoupling of Radial Glia Lineage Progression in Cortical Organoids.” <i>Nature</i>, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7\">10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7</a>.","ama":"Stouffer MA, Miranda O, Pauler F, et al. Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids. <i>Nature</i>. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7\">10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7</a>","apa":"Stouffer, M. A., Miranda, O., Pauler, F., Pipicelli, F., Streicher, C., Cheung, G. T., &#38; Hippenmeyer, S. (2026). Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7</a>","short":"M.A. Stouffer, O. Miranda, F. Pauler, F. Pipicelli, C. Streicher, G.T. Cheung, S. Hippenmeyer, Nature (2026).","ista":"Stouffer MA, Miranda O, Pauler F, Pipicelli F, Streicher C, Cheung GT, Hippenmeyer S. 2026. Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids. Nature.","chicago":"Stouffer, Melissa A, Osvaldo Miranda, Florian Pauler, Fabrizia Pipicelli, Carmen Streicher, Giselle T Cheung, and Simon Hippenmeyer. “Temporal Uncoupling of Radial Glia Lineage Progression in Cortical Organoids.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7</a>.","ieee":"M. A. Stouffer <i>et al.</i>, “Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids,” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2026."},"OA_place":"publisher","date_created":"2026-08-23T22:01:47Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0028-0836"],"eissn":["1476-4687"]},"scopus_import":"1","department":[{"_id":"SiHi"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-09-07T13:24:10Z","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","title":"Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids","external_id":{"pmid":["42587153"]},"acknowledgement":"We thank M. L. de Guevara, S. Jayaram and A. Heger for technical assistance with mESC derivation; M. Goudarzi for assistance with organoid imaging; M. Leeb and F. Freeman for advice in culturing mESCs and organoids; S. Gobeil and L. Sweeney for reagents and advice for organoid clearing; A. Heger for mouse colony management; J. Hauser for technical assistance; the Stanford Brain Organogenesis Workshop; and all members of the Hippenmeyer laboratory for discussion and/or comments on the manuscript. This study was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of the Institute of Science and Technology, Austria through resources provided by the Imaging and Optics Facility (IOF), Laboratory Support Facility (LSF) and Preclinical Facility (PCF). M.S. received funding from the European Commission (IST plus postdoctoral fellowship). This work was supported by ISTA institutional funds to S.H., FWF SFB F78 Neuro Stem Modulation to S.H., and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research And Innovation Program (grant agreement 725780 LinPro) to S.H. Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria).","corr_author":"1","article_type":"original","dataavailabilitystatement":"All data generated and analysed in this study are included in the paper, source data and/or Supplementary Tables 2 and 3. Raw sequencing data have been deposited with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) accession number GSE327470. Source data are provided with this paper. All scripts used to prepare data and figures for this manuscript are accessible on GitHub at https://github.com/fpauler/Temporal-Uncoupling-of-Radial-Glia-Lineage-Progression-in-Cortical-Organoid.","_id":"22753","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication":"Nature","publication_status":"epub_ahead","abstract":[{"text":"Radial glial progenitors (RGPs) produce all excitatory neurons in the developing cerebral cortex. Mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM)-based lineage tracing in vivo has revealed a quantitative framework of RGP lineage progression1. Here we established MADM technology2,3 in mouse embryonic stem cells to probe RGP lineage progression in a self-organizing cortical organoid system. We found that RGPs exhibit a high level of plasticity in proliferative potential in organoids rather than strict temporally stereotyped lineage progression as observed in vivo. RGPs in organoids showed increased lineage restriction, diminishing cell-type diversity in clones of cortical projection neurons, despite uniform single-cell transcriptional signatures of RGPs and a unitary lineage trajectory. Thus, critical non-cell-autonomous cues that are absent in self-organizing systems and/or the genuine stem cell niche are essential for faithful temporal control of RGP lineage progression and the generation of clonal cortical cell-type diversity.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7","project":[{"grant_number":"F7805","name":"Stem Cell Modulation in Neural Development and Regeneration/ P05-Molecular Mechanisms of Neural Stem Cell Lineage Progression","_id":"059F6AB4-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E"},{"name":"Principles of Neural Stem Cell Lineage Progression in Cerebral Cortex Development","grant_number":"725780","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"260018B0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"quality_controlled":"1","file":[{"file_id":"22844","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"relation":"main_file","checksum":"11383e28fc430b28d2666f73833e8b56","date_updated":"2026-09-07T13:24:10Z","creator":"dernst","access_level":"open_access","file_size":48513068,"file_name":"2026_Nature_Stouffer.pdf","date_created":"2026-09-07T13:24:10Z"}],"oa":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"PreCl"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","pmid":1,"day":"12","researchdata_availability":"yes","ec_funded":1,"year":"2026","type":"journal_article","publisher":"Springer Nature","oa_version":"Published Version","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7","status":"public","OA_type":"hybrid"},{"article_type":"original","acknowledgement":"GM acknowledges support from the Polish National Science Center grant 2023/48/Q/ST9/00138 and the Academy of Finland grant 355672. The authors thank the Editor for their insightful comments and effective stewardship of the review process. SGDT acknowledges support under\r\nSTFC Grant ST/X001113/1. This work made use of the python packages\r\nMatplotlib (Hunter 2007), NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), and Stingray v2.2\r\n(Huppenkothen et al. 2019; Bachetti et al. 2024b,a).","external_id":{"arxiv":["2511.10474"]},"scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-6361"],"eissn":["1432-0746"]},"title":"Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations","article_processing_charge":"No","file_date_updated":"2026-07-21T12:20:49Z","department":[{"_id":"ZoHa"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-07-21T10:29:36Z","citation":{"apa":"Marcel, G., Turner, S. G. D., Ricketts, B. J., López-Barquero, V., Buisson, D. J. K., Vincentelli, F., … Avara, M. (2026). Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103</a>","mla":"Marcel, G., et al. “Disk Warping and Black Hole X-Ray Binaries: I. Tentative Unification of Low-Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 710, A387, EDP Sciences, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103\">10.1051/0004-6361/202558103</a>.","ama":"Marcel G, Turner SGD, Ricketts BJ, et al. Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations. <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. 2026;710. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103\">10.1051/0004-6361/202558103</a>","chicago":"Marcel, G., S. G. D. Turner, B. J. Ricketts, V. López-Barquero, D. J. K. Buisson, F. Vincentelli, M. Middleton, C.S. Reynolds, and Mark Avara. “Disk Warping and Black Hole X-Ray Binaries: I. Tentative Unification of Low-Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations.” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>. EDP Sciences, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103\">https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103</a>.","ista":"Marcel G, Turner SGD, Ricketts BJ, López-Barquero V, Buisson DJK, Vincentelli F, Middleton M, Reynolds CS, Avara M. 2026. Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations. Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics. 710, A387.","ieee":"G. Marcel <i>et al.</i>, “Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations,” <i>Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics</i>, vol. 710. EDP Sciences, 2026.","short":"G. Marcel, S.G.D. Turner, B.J. Ricketts, V. López-Barquero, D.J.K. Buisson, F. Vincentelli, M. Middleton, C.S. Reynolds, M. Avara, Astronomy &#38; Astrophysics 710 (2026)."},"arxiv":1,"OA_place":"publisher","date_updated":"2026-09-09T08:38:49Z","author":[{"last_name":"Marcel","full_name":"Marcel, G.","first_name":"G."},{"first_name":"S. G. D.","full_name":"Turner, S. G. D.","last_name":"Turner"},{"first_name":"B. J.","full_name":"Ricketts, B. J.","last_name":"Ricketts"},{"last_name":"López-Barquero","first_name":"V.","full_name":"López-Barquero, V."},{"last_name":"Buisson","full_name":"Buisson, D. J. K.","first_name":"D. J. K."},{"first_name":"F.","full_name":"Vincentelli, F.","last_name":"Vincentelli"},{"last_name":"Middleton","first_name":"M.","full_name":"Middleton, M."},{"last_name":"Reynolds","full_name":"Reynolds, C.S.","first_name":"C.S."},{"last_name":"Avara","first_name":"Mark","id":"24edc561-7790-11f0-acf5-82cd0823fe7e","full_name":"Avara, Mark"}],"supplementarymaterial":"yes","month":"06","PlanS_conform":"1","das_tickbox":"0","ddc":["520"],"date_published":"2026-06-01T00:00:00Z","status":"public","OA_type":"diamond","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103","article_number":"A387","intvolume":"       710","researchdata_availability":"no","day":"01","publisher":"EDP Sciences","oa_version":"Published Version","type":"journal_article","year":"2026","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","has_accepted_license":"1","volume":710,"oa":1,"quality_controlled":"1","file":[{"creator":"dernst","checksum":"95c1695f3c7183b2ad9d58167500b18d","date_updated":"2026-07-21T12:20:49Z","relation":"main_file","file_id":"22382","content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"date_created":"2026-07-21T12:20:49Z","file_name":"2026_AstronomyAstrophysics_Marcel.pdf","file_size":3286905,"access_level":"open_access"}],"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"publication_status":"published","_id":"22381","publication":"Astronomy & Astrophysics","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Context. X-ray binaries exhibit complex variability patterns studied in the power spectrum. These include the broadband noise (BBN)\r\ncomponents and various types of narrow components called quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs). There is currently no consensus about\r\nwhat determines the presence or absence of the BBN or what generates the QPOs. Many believe that QPO generation is due to framedragging effects caused by Lense–Thirring torques.\r\nAims. We investigated the potential impact of frame-dragging effects on the accretion disk itself. In particular, we focused on its\r\nimpact on the observed variability and on the presence (and types) of associated QPOs.\r\nMethods. We made analytical estimates to assess the potential presence of a geometric warp in the inner accretion disk during state\r\ntransitions.\r\nResults. We show that the presence of a warp can modify the spectral-timing properties in a way that matches the observed transition\r\nbetween QPO types during outbursts. We also discuss the peculiar case of Cyg X-1, as well as how the hard-to-soft transition could\r\nbe driven by the warp itself.\r\nConclusions. The (expected) emergence of a warp provides a consistent explanation for the evolution of both the BBN and the QPO\r\nproperties during state transitions. This offers a first path toward unifying the variability of black hole X-ray binaries."}],"doi":"10.1051/0004-6361/202558103"},{"pmid":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","intvolume":"        17","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w","article_number":"8769","status":"public","OA_type":"gold","type":"journal_article","year":"2026","oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"Springer Nature","day":"21","researchdata_availability":"yes","DOAJ_listed":"1","doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Elucidating reaction mechanisms requires efficient generation of transition states (TSs) and products. Existing diffusion and sequence-based models accelerate parts of this process over traditional string-based methods, but typically still require manual enumeration of either TSs or products, and stochastic diffusion dynamics can be inefficient and hard to control. We introduce MolGEN, a conditional flow-matching framework that uses deterministic optimal transport to map Gaussian priors to chemical distributions. For TS generation, MolGEN improves TS geometry and barrier-height prediction over diffusion models while enabling sub-second sampling. For reaction product generation, it achieves competitive top-k accuracy while preserving mass and electron balance. Using the same backbone for TS and product sampling, MolGEN enables template-free generative exploration of reaction networks without the repeated quantum-chemistry searches required by prior methods. For the γ-ketohydroperoxide decomposition network, it produces more valid TSs than string-based methods using only 12 quantum-chemistry evaluations instead of 1156, and identifies a lower-barrier pathway."}],"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"_id":"22771","publication_status":"published","publication":"Nature Communications","quality_controlled":"1","file":[{"date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:25:19Z","relation":"main_file","checksum":"3cfb714304eec29b97dcaf7fb86dd6e3","creator":"dernst","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22864","date_created":"2026-09-09T07:25:19Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1526298,"file_name":"2026_NatureComm_Tuo.pdf"}],"oa":1,"volume":17,"file_date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:25:19Z","department":[{"_id":"DaAl"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"title":"Flow matching for reaction pathway generation","article_processing_charge":"Yes","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"scopus_import":"1","date_created":"2026-08-30T22:01:43Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_type":"original","dataavailabilitystatement":"Structures generated in this study are provided in the Source Data file, and deposited in the GitHub repository https://github.com/tuoping/MolGEN and the figshare database under accession code https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.30576365. Source data are provided in this paper. The MolGEN codebase is available as an open-source repository for continuous development at https://github.com/tuoping/MolGEN. A release of the code used in this work has been archived on Zenodo47.","external_id":{"pmid":["42469237"],"arxiv":["2507.10530"]},"acknowledgement":"P.T. thanks valued discussions with Dr. Peichen Zhong, Dr. Hao Tang, and Dr. Chengbin Zhao. P.T. thanks Dr. Dingshun Lv, Dr. Zechang Sun, and Dr. Chenxi Hu for identifying an important bug in an early version of the code package. The authors acknowledge the resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility using NERSC award DOEERCAP0031751 ‘GenAI@NERSC’. P.T. acknowledges funding from the BIDMaP Postdoctoral Fellowship.","das_tickbox":"1","PlanS_conform":"1","month":"08","date_published":"2026-08-21T00:00:00Z","ddc":["000"],"OA_place":"publisher","arxiv":1,"citation":{"ama":"Tuo P, Chen J, Li J. Flow matching for reaction pathway generation. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2026;17. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w\">10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w</a>","mla":"Tuo, Ping, et al. “Flow Matching for Reaction Pathway Generation.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17, 8769, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w\">10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w</a>.","apa":"Tuo, P., Chen, J., &#38; Li, J. (2026). Flow matching for reaction pathway generation. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w</a>","short":"P. Tuo, J. Chen, J. Li, Nature Communications 17 (2026).","ieee":"P. Tuo, J. Chen, and J. Li, “Flow matching for reaction pathway generation,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17. Springer Nature, 2026.","ista":"Tuo P, Chen J, Li J. 2026. Flow matching for reaction pathway generation. Nature Communications. 17, 8769.","chicago":"Tuo, Ping, Jiale Chen, and Ju Li. “Flow Matching for Reaction Pathway Generation.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w</a>."},"supplementarymaterial":"yes","author":[{"full_name":"Tuo, Ping","first_name":"Ping","id":"6e5644c0-c180-11ed-a2da-facc4c9f4f09","last_name":"Tuo"},{"last_name":"Chen","orcid":"0000-0001-5337-5875","first_name":"Jiale","full_name":"Chen, Jiale","id":"4d0a9064-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-ec046c604785"},{"last_name":"Li","first_name":"Ju","full_name":"Li, Ju"}],"date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:28:15Z"},{"date_created":"2026-09-08T11:32:53Z","keyword":["functional nanostructures","bistability","target behavior","transition pathway"],"file_date_updated":"2026-09-08T18:36:14Z","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"CaGo"},{"_id":"EdHa"}],"title":"Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior","article_processing_charge":"No","contributor":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-0997-5678","contributor_type":"data_collector","first_name":"Andreas","id":"eaa689ed-f6e0-11ea-865d-bd98cbcf83c2","last_name":"Ehrmann"}],"corr_author":"1","date_published":"2026-09-09T00:00:00Z","month":"09","date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:24:10Z","doi_confirm":"1","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-0997-5678","full_name":"Ehrmann, Andreas","id":"eaa689ed-f6e0-11ea-865d-bd98cbcf83c2","first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Ehrmann"}],"citation":{"short":"A. Ehrmann, (2026).","ista":"Ehrmann A. 2026. Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852</a>.","chicago":"Ehrmann, Andreas. “Supplemental Videos for Designing Bistable Nanostructures for Target Behavior.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852</a>.","ieee":"A. Ehrmann, “Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ama":"Ehrmann A. Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852</a>","mla":"Ehrmann, Andreas. <i>Supplemental Videos for Designing Bistable Nanostructures for Target Behavior</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852</a>.","apa":"Ehrmann, A. (2026). Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852</a>"},"OA_place":"repository","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"user_id":"68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d","has_accepted_license":"1","day":"09","type":"research_data","year":"2026","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","oa_version":"None","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852","status":"public","_id":"22852","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)"},"abstract":[{"text":"This Research Data contains supplemental videos for Chapter 4 \"Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior\" of my PhD Thesis \"Biological functionality without biochemistry: designing nanomachines for target behavior\".\r\nSupplemental video 1: Video showing the transition pathway of a bistable nanostructure with sphere-based arms, corresponding to the Machine in Scenario 4.\r\nSupplemental video 2: Video showing the transition pathway of the Source in Scenario 1. The arm tips change sides during the transition, demonstrating that the arms pass through each other.\r\nSupplemental video 3: Video showing the transition pathway of a fully polyhedral hinge structure with unconstrained arms. Note that we only show the ends of the arms.\r\nSupplemental video 4: Video showing the transition pathway of the coupled energy-delivery reaction of a Machine (gray) and a Source (blue) nanostructure for the optimized parameters in Scenario 3. Note that we only show the ends of the arms.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852","project":[{"_id":"90a98bb5-16d5-11f0-9cad-9675f3f8015d","name":"Functional bio-inspired nanomachines from sticky colloids","grant_number":"PAT 8537123"}],"file":[{"date_updated":"2026-09-08T11:31:32Z","checksum":"966417b3eab49523068bb0dfba4ecc07","relation":"main_file","creator":"aehrmann","file_id":"22853","content_type":"video/mp4","success":1,"date_created":"2026-09-08T11:31:32Z","file_size":1513964,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"Supplemental video 1.mp4"},{"date_created":"2026-09-08T11:31:37Z","file_name":"Supplemental video 2.mp4","file_size":2634179,"access_level":"open_access","creator":"aehrmann","relation":"main_file","checksum":"deddcae30875bff8e59d5dc9ee3c196f","date_updated":"2026-09-08T11:31:37Z","success":1,"content_type":"video/mp4","file_id":"22854"},{"checksum":"721446b7595edc670d877185637cf15c","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-09-08T11:31:42Z","creator":"aehrmann","file_id":"22855","content_type":"video/mp4","success":1,"date_created":"2026-09-08T11:31:42Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":2080684,"file_name":"Supplemental video 3.mp4"},{"date_created":"2026-09-08T11:31:48Z","file_size":4047831,"access_level":"open_access","file_name":"Supplemental video 4.mp4","checksum":"da44153821aa4f8f3cbc2860ef6d1bad","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-09-08T11:31:48Z","creator":"aehrmann","success":1,"content_type":"video/mp4","file_id":"22856"},{"file_name":"README.txt","file_size":1122,"access_level":"open_access","date_created":"2026-09-08T18:36:14Z","file_id":"22860","content_type":"text/plain","success":1,"creator":"aehrmann","relation":"main_file","checksum":"1e94cd067809e1a93e21676181b4c102","date_updated":"2026-09-08T18:36:14Z"}],"oa":1},{"article_type":"comment","external_id":{"pmid":["42649374"]},"corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1476-1122"],"eissn":["1476-4660"]},"article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes","department":[{"_id":"StFr"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_created":"2026-08-26T18:48:33Z","citation":{"mla":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander. “Triggering Conversion in Vanadium Electrodes.” <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 25, no. 9, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 1482–83, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3\">10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3</a>.","ama":"Freunberger SA. Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes. <i>Nature Materials</i>. 2026;25(9):1482-1483. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3\">10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3</a>","apa":"Freunberger, S. A. (2026). Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes. <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3</a>","short":"S.A. Freunberger, Nature Materials 25 (2026) 1482–1483.","ieee":"S. A. Freunberger, “Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes,” <i>Nature Materials</i>, vol. 25, no. 9. Springer Nature, pp. 1482–1483, 2026.","chicago":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander. “Triggering Conversion in Vanadium Electrodes.” <i>Nature Materials</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3</a>.","ista":"Freunberger SA. 2026. Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes. Nature Materials. 25(9), 1482–1483."},"issue":"9","date_updated":"2026-09-09T07:17:13Z","author":[{"full_name":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander","id":"A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425","first_name":"Stefan Alexander","orcid":"0000-0003-2902-5319","last_name":"Freunberger"}],"supplementarymaterial":"not applicable","page":"1482-1483","month":"09","das_tickbox":"0","date_published":"2026-09-01T00:00:00Z","OA_type":"closed access","status":"public","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3","intvolume":"        25","day":"01","researchdata_availability":"not applicable","oa_version":"None","publisher":"Springer Nature","year":"2026","type":"journal_article","pmid":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","volume":25,"quality_controlled":"1","_id":"22769","publication_status":"published","publication":"Nature Materials","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Using transition metals efficiently in aqueous batteries requires transferring multiple electrons per metal, which leads to difficult-to-manage conversion reactions. It is now shown how vanadium can be changed from one-electron insertion to four-electron conversion."}],"doi":"10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3"}]