[{"quality_controlled":"1","_id":"21641","oa_version":"Published Version","page":"1417-1426","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","OA_type":"gold","month":"08","volume":12,"publication_status":"published","status":"public","date_updated":"2026-04-27T07:04:51Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1364/OPTICA.557630","open_access":"1"}],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"scopus_import":"1","OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"Optica","DOAJ_listed":"1","citation":{"ieee":"D. A. B. Miller <i>et al.</i>, “Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter,” <i>Optica</i>, vol. 12, no. 9. Optica Publishing Group, pp. 1417–1426, 2025.","ista":"Miller DAB, Roques-Carmes C, Valdez CG, Kroo AR, Vlk M, Fan S, Solgaard O. 2025. Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter. Optica. 12(9), 1417–1426.","chicago":"Miller, David A. B., Charles Roques-Carmes, Carson G. Valdez, Anne R. Kroo, Marek Vlk, Shanhui Fan, and Olav Solgaard. “Universal Programmable and Self-Configuring Optical Filter.” <i>Optica</i>. Optica Publishing Group, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.557630\">https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.557630</a>.","apa":"Miller, D. A. B., Roques-Carmes, C., Valdez, C. G., Kroo, A. R., Vlk, M., Fan, S., &#38; Solgaard, O. (2025). Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter. <i>Optica</i>. Optica Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.557630\">https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.557630</a>","short":"D.A.B. Miller, C. Roques-Carmes, C.G. Valdez, A.R. Kroo, M. Vlk, S. Fan, O. Solgaard, Optica 12 (2025) 1417–1426.","ama":"Miller DAB, Roques-Carmes C, Valdez CG, et al. Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter. <i>Optica</i>. 2025;12(9):1417-1426. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.557630\">10.1364/optica.557630</a>","mla":"Miller, David A. B., et al. “Universal Programmable and Self-Configuring Optical Filter.” <i>Optica</i>, vol. 12, no. 9, Optica Publishing Group, 2025, pp. 1417–26, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.557630\">10.1364/optica.557630</a>."},"extern":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Optica Publishing Group","ddc":["530"],"date_created":"2026-03-30T12:22:48Z","year":"2025","intvolume":"        12","external_id":{"pmid":["11385580"]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2334-2536"]},"pmid":1,"title":"Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter","doi":"10.1364/optica.557630","article_type":"original","issue":"9","date_published":"2025-08-27T00:00:00Z","author":[{"full_name":"Miller, David A. B.","first_name":"David A. B.","last_name":"Miller"},{"last_name":"Roques-Carmes","id":"e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82","first_name":"Charles","full_name":"Roques-Carmes, Charles"},{"last_name":"Valdez","full_name":"Valdez, Carson G.","first_name":"Carson G."},{"last_name":"Kroo","first_name":"Anne R.","full_name":"Kroo, Anne R."},{"full_name":"Vlk, Marek","first_name":"Marek","last_name":"Vlk"},{"first_name":"Shanhui","full_name":"Fan, Shanhui","last_name":"Fan"},{"last_name":"Solgaard","full_name":"Solgaard, Olav","first_name":"Olav"}],"oa":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Spectral filters are widely used in sensing and communicating with light, such as for separating wavelength channels in communications or sensing the specific spectra of some object or material of interest. The filter function is, however, often fixed, and precise filtering can require precise manufacturing. We propose an approach to integrated optical spectral filtering that allows arbitrary programmability, can compensate automatically for imperfections in filter fabrication, allows multiple simultaneous and separately programmable filter functions on the same input, and can configure itself automatically to the problem of interest, for example, to filter or reject multiple arbitrarily chosen frequencies. The approach exploits splitting the input light into an array of multiple waveguides of different lengths that then feed a programmable interferometer array that can also self-configure. It can give a spectral response similar to arrayed waveguide gratings but offers many other filtering functions, as well as supporting other structures based on non-redundant arrays for precise spectral filtering. Simultaneous filtering also allows an automatic measurement of the temporal coherency matrix and physical separation into the Karhunen–Loève expansion of temporally partially coherent light fields. With this approach, a wide range of spectral operations can be controllably, automatically, and precisely performed by an integrated photonic device with simple programmability."}],"day":"27"},{"doi":"10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1","type":"preprint","OA_place":"repository","author":[{"last_name":"Choi","full_name":"Choi, Seou","first_name":"Seou"},{"last_name":"Salamin","full_name":"Salamin, Yannick","first_name":"Yannick"},{"id":"e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82","last_name":"Roques-Carmes","full_name":"Roques-Carmes, Charles","first_name":"Charles"},{"last_name":"Sloan","full_name":"Sloan, Jamison","first_name":"Jamison"},{"last_name":"Horodynski","full_name":"Horodynski, Michael","first_name":"Michael"},{"last_name":"Soljačić","full_name":"Soljačić, Marin","first_name":"Marin"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2025-02-27T00:00:00Z","day":"27","abstract":[{"text":"Observing non-classical properties of light is a long-standing interest to advance a wide range of quantum application from computing to metrology. Optical cavities are essential to generate and manipulate non-classical light. However, detecting changes in cavity properties induced by the quantum state remains a critical challenge in the optical domain due to the weak material nonlinearity, limiting our ability to observe quantum states generated in optical cavities. Here, we propose a framework for observing the dynamics of quantum states generated inside nonlinear optical cavities. We utilize symmetry-breaking to obtain high sensitivity to small perturbations introduced to the quantum state, resulting in an asymmetric equilibrium of a macroscopic observable. With a nonlinear response at the single photon level, our approach directly imprints the field distribution of the cavity quantum state onto the statistics of bistable cavity steady-states. We experimentally demonstrate our approach in a degenerate optical parametric oscillator, generating and reconstructing the quasi-probability distribution of different quantum states. As a validation, we reconstruct the Husimi Q function of the cavity squeezed vacuum state. In addition, we observe the evolution of the quantum vacuum state inside the cavity as it undergoes phase-sensitive amplification. By enabling generation and measurement of quantum states in a single nonlinear optical cavity, our method paves a way for studying exotic dynamics of quantum optical states in nonlinear driven-dissipative systems such as soliton generation and Kerr frequency combs.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"Research Square","article_processing_charge":"No","extern":"1","citation":{"ista":"Choi S, Salamin Y, Roques-Carmes C, Sloan J, Horodynski M, Soljačić M. Observing the dynamics of quantum states generated inside nonlinear optical cavities. Research Square, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1\">10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1</a>.","ieee":"S. Choi, Y. Salamin, C. Roques-Carmes, J. Sloan, M. Horodynski, and M. Soljačić, “Observing the dynamics of quantum states generated inside nonlinear optical cavities,” <i>Research Square</i>. .","chicago":"Choi, Seou, Yannick Salamin, Charles Roques-Carmes, Jamison Sloan, Michael Horodynski, and Marin Soljačić. “Observing the Dynamics of Quantum States Generated inside Nonlinear Optical Cavities.” <i>Research Square</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1\">https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1</a>.","apa":"Choi, S., Salamin, Y., Roques-Carmes, C., Sloan, J., Horodynski, M., &#38; Soljačić, M. (n.d.). Observing the dynamics of quantum states generated inside nonlinear optical cavities. <i>Research Square</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1\">https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1</a>","short":"S. Choi, Y. Salamin, C. Roques-Carmes, J. Sloan, M. Horodynski, M. Soljačić, Research Square (n.d.).","ama":"Choi S, Salamin Y, Roques-Carmes C, Sloan J, Horodynski M, Soljačić M. Observing the dynamics of quantum states generated inside nonlinear optical cavities. <i>Research Square</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1\">10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1</a>","mla":"Choi, Seou, et al. “Observing the Dynamics of Quantum States Generated inside Nonlinear Optical Cavities.” <i>Research Square</i>, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1\">10.21203/rs.3.rs-5619593/v1</a>."},"ddc":["530"],"_id":"21644","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Preprint","month":"02","publication_status":"submitted","OA_type":"green","date_created":"2026-03-30T12:22:48Z","year":"2025","has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"title":"Observing the dynamics of quantum states generated inside nonlinear optical cavities","date_updated":"2026-05-05T10:59:47Z","status":"public"},{"department":[{"_id":"KrCh"}],"OA_place":"repository","type":"research_data_reference","doi":"10.5281/ZENODO.14500423","day":"07","abstract":[{"text":"This artifact allows to review and reproduce the experiments from the paper *A Revised Practitioner's Guide to MDP Model Checking Algorithms*.\r\nThe package contains all original logfiles and derived data used to generate the plots as in the paper. Furthermore, the artifact contains the model checking tools `Storm` and `mcsta` in the version exercised in the paper, the used Docker container, as well as benchmark instances and execution scripts to reproduce the experiments.\r\n\r\nSee also the artifact of the conference paper: https://zenodo.org/records/7509474","lang":"eng"}],"oa":1,"author":[{"full_name":"Hartmanns, Arnd","first_name":"Arnd","last_name":"Hartmanns"},{"full_name":"Junges, Sebastian","first_name":"Sebastian","last_name":"Junges"},{"last_name":"Quatmann","full_name":"Quatmann, Tim","first_name":"Tim"},{"id":"02ab0197-cc70-11ed-ab61-918e71f56881","last_name":"Weininger","full_name":"Weininger, Maximilian","first_name":"Maximilian","orcid":"0000-0002-0163-2152"}],"date_published":"2025-03-07T00:00:00Z","ddc":["000"],"_id":"21668","oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","publisher":"Zenodo","article_processing_charge":"No","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"21661","relation":"used_for_analysis_in"}]},"citation":{"short":"A. Hartmanns, S. Junges, T. Quatmann, M. Weininger, (2025).","mla":"Hartmanns, Arnd, et al. <i>Benchmark Data for the Revised Practitioner’s Guide to MDP Model Checking Algorithms</i>. Zenodo, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14500423\">10.5281/ZENODO.14500423</a>.","ama":"Hartmanns A, Junges S, Quatmann T, Weininger M. Benchmark data for the revised practitioner’s guide to MDP model checking algorithms. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14500423\">10.5281/ZENODO.14500423</a>","ieee":"A. Hartmanns, S. Junges, T. Quatmann, and M. Weininger, “Benchmark data for the revised practitioner’s guide to MDP model checking algorithms.” Zenodo, 2025.","ista":"Hartmanns A, Junges S, Quatmann T, Weininger M. 2025. Benchmark data for the revised practitioner’s guide to MDP model checking algorithms, Zenodo, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14500423\">10.5281/ZENODO.14500423</a>.","apa":"Hartmanns, A., Junges, S., Quatmann, T., &#38; Weininger, M. (2025). Benchmark data for the revised practitioner’s guide to MDP model checking algorithms. Zenodo. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14500423\">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14500423</a>","chicago":"Hartmanns, Arnd, Sebastian Junges, Tim Quatmann, and Maximilian Weininger. “Benchmark Data for the Revised Practitioner’s Guide to MDP Model Checking Algorithms.” Zenodo, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14500423\">https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14500423</a>."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.14500423","open_access":"1"}],"title":"Benchmark data for the revised practitioner's guide to MDP model checking algorithms","status":"public","date_updated":"2026-04-07T09:52:55Z","month":"03","date_created":"2026-04-07T09:47:22Z","OA_type":"gold","year":"2025"},{"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"21693","oa_version":"Preprint","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"short":"D.A.B. Miller, C. Roques-Carmes, C.G. Valdez, A.R. Kroo, M. Vlk, S. Fan, O. Solgaard, ArXiv (n.d.).","mla":"Miller, David A. B., et al. “Universal Programmable and Self-Configuring Optical Filter.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2501.11811, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811\">10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811</a>.","ama":"Miller DAB, Roques-Carmes C, Valdez CG, et al. Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811\">10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811</a>","ista":"Miller DAB, Roques-Carmes C, Valdez CG, Kroo AR, Vlk M, Fan S, Solgaard O. Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter. arXiv, 2501.11811.","ieee":"D. A. B. Miller <i>et al.</i>, “Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","apa":"Miller, D. A. B., Roques-Carmes, C., Valdez, C. G., Kroo, A. R., Vlk, M., Fan, S., &#38; Solgaard, O. (n.d.). Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811</a>","chicago":"Miller, David A. B., Charles Roques-Carmes, Carson G. Valdez, Anne R. Kroo, Marek Vlk, Shanhui Fan, and Olav Solgaard. “Universal Programmable and Self-Configuring Optical Filter.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811</a>."},"extern":"1","article_number":"2501.11811","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811"}],"title":"Universal programmable and self-configuring optical filter","status":"public","date_updated":"2026-04-13T11:04:49Z","publication_status":"submitted","month":"01","external_id":{"arxiv":["2501.11811"]},"OA_type":"green","year":"2025","date_created":"2026-04-09T09:10:41Z","OA_place":"repository","type":"preprint","scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2501.11811","day":"21","abstract":[{"text":"We propose an approach to integrated optical spectral filtering that allows arbitrary programmability, can compensate automatically for imperfections in filter fabrication, allows multiple simultaneous and separately programmable filter functions on the same input, and can configure itself automatically to the problem of interest, for example to filter or reject multiple arbitrarily chosen frequencies. The approach exploits splitting the input light into an array of multiple waveguides of different lengths that then feed a programmable interferometer array that can also self-configure. It can give spectral response similar to arrayed waveguide gratings but offers many other filtering functions, as well as supporting other structures based on non-redundant arrays for precise spectral filtering. Simultaneous filtering also allows, for the first time to our knowledge, an automatic measurement of the temporal coherency matrix and physical separation into the Karhunen-Loève expansion of temporally partially coherent light fields.","lang":"eng"}],"publication":"arXiv","oa":1,"author":[{"last_name":"Miller","full_name":"Miller, David A. B.","first_name":"David A. B."},{"last_name":"Roques-Carmes","id":"e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82","full_name":"Roques-Carmes, Charles","first_name":"Charles"},{"last_name":"Valdez","first_name":"Carson G.","full_name":"Valdez, Carson G."},{"last_name":"Kroo","full_name":"Kroo, Anne R.","first_name":"Anne R."},{"full_name":"Vlk, Marek","first_name":"Marek","last_name":"Vlk"},{"first_name":"Shanhui","full_name":"Fan, Shanhui","last_name":"Fan"},{"last_name":"Solgaard","full_name":"Solgaard, Olav","first_name":"Olav"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"arxiv":1,"date_published":"2025-01-21T00:00:00Z"},{"OA_place":"repository","type":"preprint","scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946","day":"26","publication":"arXiv","abstract":[{"text":"In X-ray tubes, more than 99% of the kilowatts of power supplied to generate X-rays via bremsstrahlung are lost in the form of heat generation in the anode. Therefore, thermal management is a critical barrier to the development of more powerful X-ray tubes with higher brightness and spatial coherence, which are needed to translate imaging modalities such as phase-contrast imaging to the clinic. In rotating anode X-ray tubes, the most common design, thermal radiation is a bottleneck that prevents efficient cooling of the anode$\\unicode{x2014}$the hottest part of the device by far. We predict that nanophotonically patterning the anode of an X-ray tube enhances heat dissipation via thermal radiation, enabling it to operate at higher powers without increasing in temperature. The focal spot size, which is related to the spatial coherence of generated X-rays, can also be made smaller at a constant temperature. A major advantage of our \"nanophotonic thermal management\" approach is that in principle, it allows for complete control over the spectrum and direction of thermal radiation, which can lead to optimal thermal routing and improved performance.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Pajovic, Simo","first_name":"Simo","last_name":"Pajovic"},{"full_name":"Roques-Carmes, Charles","first_name":"Charles","last_name":"Roques-Carmes","id":"e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82"},{"first_name":"Seou","full_name":"Choi, Seou","last_name":"Choi"},{"last_name":"Kooi","first_name":"Steven E.","full_name":"Kooi, Steven E."},{"full_name":"Gupta, Rajiv","first_name":"Rajiv","last_name":"Gupta"},{"full_name":"Zalis, Michael E.","first_name":"Michael E.","last_name":"Zalis"},{"full_name":"Čelanović, Ivan","first_name":"Ivan","last_name":"Čelanović"},{"full_name":"Soljačić, Marin","first_name":"Marin","last_name":"Soljačić"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"arxiv":1,"oa":1,"date_published":"2025-03-26T00:00:00Z","_id":"21694","oa_version":"Preprint","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_processing_charge":"No","article_number":"2503.20946","extern":"1","citation":{"ista":"Pajovic S, Roques-Carmes C, Choi S, Kooi SE, Gupta R, Zalis ME, Čelanović I, Soljačić M. Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes. arXiv, 2503.20946.","ieee":"S. Pajovic <i>et al.</i>, “Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","chicago":"Pajovic, Simo, Charles Roques-Carmes, Seou Choi, Steven E. Kooi, Rajiv Gupta, Michael E. Zalis, Ivan Čelanović, and Marin Soljačić. “Nanophotonic Thermal Management in X-Ray Tubes.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946</a>.","apa":"Pajovic, S., Roques-Carmes, C., Choi, S., Kooi, S. E., Gupta, R., Zalis, M. E., … Soljačić, M. (n.d.). Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946</a>","short":"S. Pajovic, C. Roques-Carmes, S. Choi, S.E. Kooi, R. Gupta, M.E. Zalis, I. Čelanović, M. Soljačić, ArXiv (n.d.).","ama":"Pajovic S, Roques-Carmes C, Choi S, et al. Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946\">10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946</a>","mla":"Pajovic, Simo, et al. “Nanophotonic Thermal Management in X-Ray Tubes.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2503.20946, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946\">10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946</a>."},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946","open_access":"1"}],"date_updated":"2026-04-13T11:02:19Z","status":"public","title":"Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes","external_id":{"arxiv":["2503.20946"]},"month":"03","publication_status":"submitted","year":"2025","date_created":"2026-04-09T09:10:41Z","OA_type":"green"},{"date_created":"2026-04-09T09:10:41Z","OA_type":"green","year":"2025","publication_status":"submitted","month":"08","external_id":{"arxiv":["2508.13112"]},"title":"Quantum sensing of electron beams using solid-state spins","date_updated":"2026-04-13T09:49:00Z","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112"}],"citation":{"short":"J.M. Grzesik, D. Catanzaro, C. Roques-Carmes, E.I. Rosenthal, G.L. van de Stolpe, A. Karnieli, G. Scuri, S. Biswas, K.J. Leedle, D.S. Black, R.L. Byer, I. Kaminer, R.J. England, S. Fan, O. Solgaard, J. Vučković, ArXiv (n.d.).","mla":"Grzesik, Jakob M., et al. “Quantum Sensing of Electron Beams Using Solid-State Spins.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2508.13112, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112\">10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112</a>.","ama":"Grzesik JM, Catanzaro D, Roques-Carmes C, et al. Quantum sensing of electron beams using solid-state spins. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112\">10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112</a>","ieee":"J. M. Grzesik <i>et al.</i>, “Quantum sensing of electron beams using solid-state spins,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","ista":"Grzesik JM, Catanzaro D, Roques-Carmes C, Rosenthal EI, Stolpe GL van de, Karnieli A, Scuri G, Biswas S, Leedle KJ, Black DS, Byer RL, Kaminer I, England RJ, Fan S, Solgaard O, Vučković J. Quantum sensing of electron beams using solid-state spins. arXiv, 2508.13112.","chicago":"Grzesik, Jakob M., Dominic Catanzaro, Charles Roques-Carmes, Eric I. Rosenthal, Guido L. van de Stolpe, Aviv Karnieli, Giovanni Scuri, et al. “Quantum Sensing of Electron Beams Using Solid-State Spins.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112</a>.","apa":"Grzesik, J. M., Catanzaro, D., Roques-Carmes, C., Rosenthal, E. I., Stolpe, G. L. van de, Karnieli, A., … Vučković, J. (n.d.). Quantum sensing of electron beams using solid-state spins. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112</a>"},"extern":"1","article_number":"2508.13112","article_processing_charge":"No","_id":"21695","oa_version":"Preprint","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_published":"2025-08-18T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Jakob M.","full_name":"Grzesik, Jakob M.","last_name":"Grzesik"},{"full_name":"Catanzaro, Dominic","first_name":"Dominic","last_name":"Catanzaro"},{"last_name":"Roques-Carmes","id":"e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82","first_name":"Charles","full_name":"Roques-Carmes, Charles"},{"full_name":"Rosenthal, Eric I.","first_name":"Eric I.","last_name":"Rosenthal"},{"last_name":"Stolpe","full_name":"Stolpe, Guido L. van de","first_name":"Guido L. van de"},{"last_name":"Karnieli","first_name":"Aviv","full_name":"Karnieli, Aviv"},{"first_name":"Giovanni","full_name":"Scuri, Giovanni","last_name":"Scuri"},{"last_name":"Biswas","full_name":"Biswas, Souvik","first_name":"Souvik"},{"last_name":"Leedle","full_name":"Leedle, Kenneth J.","first_name":"Kenneth J."},{"last_name":"Black","full_name":"Black, Dylan S.","first_name":"Dylan S."},{"last_name":"Byer","first_name":"Robert L.","full_name":"Byer, Robert L."},{"last_name":"Kaminer","full_name":"Kaminer, Ido","first_name":"Ido"},{"full_name":"England, R. Joel","first_name":"R. Joel","last_name":"England"},{"full_name":"Fan, Shanhui","first_name":"Shanhui","last_name":"Fan"},{"first_name":"Olav","full_name":"Solgaard, Olav","last_name":"Solgaard"},{"first_name":"Jelena","full_name":"Vučković, Jelena","last_name":"Vučković"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"arxiv":1,"publication":"arXiv","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Scattering experiments with energetic particles, such as free electrons, have been historically used to reveal the quantum structure of matter. However, realizing coherent interactions between free-electron beams and solid-state quantum systems has remained out of reach, owing to their intrinsically weak coupling. Realizing such coherent control would open up opportunities for hybrid quantum platforms combining free electrons and solid-state qubits for coincident quantum information processing and nanoscale sensing. Here, we present a framework that employs negatively charged nitrogen-vacancy centers (NV-) in diamond as quantum sensors of a bunched electron beam. We develop a Lindblad master equation description of the magnetic free-electron--qubit interactions and identify spin relaxometry as a sensitive probe of the interaction. Experimentally, we integrate a confocal fluorescence microscopy setup into a microwave-bunched electron beam line. We monitor charge-state dynamics and assess their impact on key sensing performance metrics (such as spin readout contrast), defining safe operating parameters for quantum sensing experiments. By performing $T_1$ relaxometry under controlled electron beam exposure, we establish an upper bound on the free-electron--spin coupling strength. Our results establish NV- centers as quantitative probes of free electrons, providing a metrological benchmark for free-electron--qubit coupling under realistic conditions, and chart a route toward solid-state quantum control with electron beams."}],"day":"18","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2508.13112","scopus_import":"1","OA_place":"repository","type":"preprint"},{"external_id":{"arxiv":["2509.12059"]},"month":"09","publication_status":"submitted","date_created":"2026-04-09T09:10:41Z","OA_type":"green","year":"2025","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059"}],"date_updated":"2026-04-13T11:01:05Z","status":"public","title":"Programmable optical filters based on feed-forward photonic meshes","article_processing_charge":"No","article_number":"2509.12059","citation":{"ama":"Valdez CG, Kroo AR, Vlk M, et al. Programmable optical filters based on feed-forward photonic meshes. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059\">10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059</a>","mla":"Valdez, Carson G., et al. “Programmable Optical Filters Based on Feed-Forward Photonic Meshes.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2509.12059, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059\">10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059</a>.","short":"C.G. Valdez, A.R. Kroo, M. Vlk, C. Roques-Carmes, S. Fan, D.A.B. Miller, O. Solgaard, ArXiv (n.d.).","chicago":"Valdez, Carson G., Anne R. Kroo, Marek Vlk, Charles Roques-Carmes, Shanhui Fan, David A. B. Miller, and Olav Solgaard. “Programmable Optical Filters Based on Feed-Forward Photonic Meshes.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059</a>.","apa":"Valdez, C. G., Kroo, A. R., Vlk, M., Roques-Carmes, C., Fan, S., Miller, D. A. B., &#38; Solgaard, O. (n.d.). Programmable optical filters based on feed-forward photonic meshes. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059</a>","ista":"Valdez CG, Kroo AR, Vlk M, Roques-Carmes C, Fan S, Miller DAB, Solgaard O. Programmable optical filters based on feed-forward photonic meshes. arXiv, 2509.12059.","ieee":"C. G. Valdez <i>et al.</i>, “Programmable optical filters based on feed-forward photonic meshes,” <i>arXiv</i>. ."},"extern":"1","_id":"21696","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","oa_version":"Preprint","arxiv":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"first_name":"Carson G.","full_name":"Valdez, Carson G.","last_name":"Valdez"},{"full_name":"Kroo, Anne R.","first_name":"Anne R.","last_name":"Kroo"},{"last_name":"Vlk","first_name":"Marek","full_name":"Vlk, Marek"},{"full_name":"Roques-Carmes, Charles","first_name":"Charles","last_name":"Roques-Carmes","id":"e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82"},{"last_name":"Fan","full_name":"Fan, Shanhui","first_name":"Shanhui"},{"last_name":"Miller","full_name":"Miller, David A. B.","first_name":"David A. B."},{"last_name":"Solgaard","first_name":"Olav","full_name":"Solgaard, Olav"}],"oa":1,"date_published":"2025-09-15T00:00:00Z","day":"15","publication":"arXiv","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We demonstrate an integrated photonic circuit based on feed forward photonic meshes that can be programmed and reconfigured to perform arbitrary spectral filter functions. We investigate a subset of the available filter functions, demonstrating that a N = 4 input triangular mesh with M = 3 layers may be operated via self-configuration algorithms to filter M arbitrary wavelengths from a given input spectrum. The tunable nature of the architecture enables preconfigured filter functions to be swept in the spectral domain continuously over the free spectral range of the device. This removes any strict requirements between the design parameters of the architecture and the center wavelength of a desired filter function. With this architecture, we experimentally demonstrate arbitrary wavelength rejection filters with contrasts as deep as 40 dB. Further, by intentionally selecting the center wavelengths of each filter function to lie along a wavelength grid we demonstrate deep wavelength division demultiplexing (DWDM) with inter-channel crosstalk between -25 dB and -40 dB. Unlike typical DWDM systems, in this architecture the center wavelength of each channel is not fixed at fabrication and instead may be swept or reordered arbitrarily. This device demonstrates advantages over typical methods for DWDM, Raman spectroscopy, and correlation spectroscopy as well as other applications."}],"scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2509.12059","type":"preprint","OA_place":"repository"},{"external_id":{"arxiv":["2509.16753"]},"publication_status":"submitted","month":"09","OA_type":"green","date_created":"2026-04-09T09:10:41Z","year":"2025","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753","open_access":"1"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2026-04-13T11:00:05Z","title":"Variational processing of multimode squeezed light","article_processing_charge":"No","article_number":"2509.16753","extern":"1","citation":{"short":"A. Karnieli, P.-A. Mor, C. Roques-Carmes, E. Lustig, J. Sloan, J. Vučković, D.A.B. Miller, S. Fan, ArXiv (n.d.).","mla":"Karnieli, Aviv, et al. “Variational Processing of Multimode Squeezed Light.” <i>ArXiv</i>, 2509.16753, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753\">10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753</a>.","ama":"Karnieli A, Mor P-A, Roques-Carmes C, et al. Variational processing of multimode squeezed light. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753\">10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753</a>","ista":"Karnieli A, Mor P-A, Roques-Carmes C, Lustig E, Sloan J, Vučković J, Miller DAB, Fan S. Variational processing of multimode squeezed light. arXiv, 2509.16753.","ieee":"A. Karnieli <i>et al.</i>, “Variational processing of multimode squeezed light,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","apa":"Karnieli, A., Mor, P.-A., Roques-Carmes, C., Lustig, E., Sloan, J., Vučković, J., … Fan, S. (n.d.). Variational processing of multimode squeezed light. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753</a>","chicago":"Karnieli, Aviv, Paul-Alexis Mor, Charles Roques-Carmes, Eran Lustig, Jamison Sloan, Jelena Vučković, David A. B. Miller, and Shanhui Fan. “Variational Processing of Multimode Squeezed Light.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753</a>."},"oa_version":"Preprint","_id":"21697","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","arxiv":1,"author":[{"last_name":"Karnieli","full_name":"Karnieli, Aviv","first_name":"Aviv"},{"full_name":"Mor, Paul-Alexis","first_name":"Paul-Alexis","last_name":"Mor"},{"first_name":"Charles","full_name":"Roques-Carmes, Charles","id":"e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82","last_name":"Roques-Carmes"},{"last_name":"Lustig","first_name":"Eran","full_name":"Lustig, Eran"},{"first_name":"Jamison","full_name":"Sloan, Jamison","last_name":"Sloan"},{"last_name":"Vučković","full_name":"Vučković, Jelena","first_name":"Jelena"},{"full_name":"Miller, David A. B.","first_name":"David A. B.","last_name":"Miller"},{"first_name":"Shanhui","full_name":"Fan, Shanhui","last_name":"Fan"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"oa":1,"date_published":"2025-09-20T00:00:00Z","day":"20","publication":"arXiv","abstract":[{"text":"Integrated multimode quantum optics is a promising platform for scalable continuous-variable quantum technologies leveraging multimode squeezing in both the spatial and spectral domains. However, on-chip measurement, routing and processing the relevant ``supermodes'' over which the squeezing resource is distributed still scales quadratically with the number of modes $N$, causing rapid increase in photonic circuit size and number of required measurements. Here, we introduce a variational scheme, relying on self-configuring photonic networks (SCN) that learns and extracts the most-squeezed supermodes sequentially, reducing both the circuit size and the experimental overhead. Using homodyne measurement as a cost function, a sparse SCN discovers the $l\\ll N$ most significant supermodes using $O(lN)$ physical elements and optimization steps. We analyze and numerically simulate these architectures for both real-space and frequency-domain implementations, showing a fidelity close to unity between the learned circuit and the supermode decomposition, even in the presence of optical losses and detection noise. In the frequency domain, we show that circuit size can be further reduced by using inverse-designed surrogate networks, which emulate the layers learned thus far. Using two different frequency encoding schemes -- uniformly- and non-uniformly-spaced frequency bins -- we reduce an entire network (learning all $N$ supermodes) to $O(N)$ and even $O(1)$ modulated cavities. Our results point toward chip-scale, resource-efficient quantum processing units and demultiplexers for continuous variable processing in multimode quantum optics, with applications ranging from quantum communication, metrology, and computation.","lang":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2509.16753","OA_place":"repository","type":"preprint"},{"has_accepted_license":"1","title":"Resolution of the quadratic Littlewood–Offord problem","external_id":{"arxiv":["2312.13826"]},"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0010-437X"],"eissn":["1570-5846"]},"year":"2025","date_created":"2026-04-12T22:01:48Z","intvolume":"       161","file_date_updated":"2026-05-04T09:41:25Z","ddc":["510"],"publisher":"Cambridge University Press","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","file":[{"file_id":"21787","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"bd3415bb435da9d0b39f6f9a18c61abb","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-05-04T09:41:25Z","file_size":858727,"content_type":"application/pdf","success":1,"file_name":"2025_CompositioMath_Kwan.pdf","creator":"dernst","date_created":"2026-05-04T09:41:25Z"}],"citation":{"ama":"Kwan MA, Sauermann L. Resolution of the quadratic Littlewood–Offord problem. <i>Compositio Mathematica</i>. 2025;161(12):3089-3139. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/S0010437X25102789\">10.1112/S0010437X25102789</a>","mla":"Kwan, Matthew Alan, and Lisa Sauermann. “Resolution of the Quadratic Littlewood–Offord Problem.” <i>Compositio Mathematica</i>, vol. 161, no. 12, Cambridge University Press, 2025, pp. 3089–139, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/S0010437X25102789\">10.1112/S0010437X25102789</a>.","short":"M.A. Kwan, L. Sauermann, Compositio Mathematica 161 (2025) 3089–3139.","chicago":"Kwan, Matthew Alan, and Lisa Sauermann. “Resolution of the Quadratic Littlewood–Offord Problem.” <i>Compositio Mathematica</i>. Cambridge University Press, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/S0010437X25102789\">https://doi.org/10.1112/S0010437X25102789</a>.","apa":"Kwan, M. A., &#38; Sauermann, L. (2025). Resolution of the quadratic Littlewood–Offord problem. <i>Compositio Mathematica</i>. Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/S0010437X25102789\">https://doi.org/10.1112/S0010437X25102789</a>","ista":"Kwan MA, Sauermann L. 2025. Resolution of the quadratic Littlewood–Offord problem. Compositio Mathematica. 161(12), 3089–3139.","ieee":"M. A. Kwan and L. Sauermann, “Resolution of the quadratic Littlewood–Offord problem,” <i>Compositio Mathematica</i>, vol. 161, no. 12. Cambridge University Press, pp. 3089–3139, 2025."},"day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"Consider a quadratic polynomial Q(ξ1, . . . , ξn) of independent Rademacher random variables ξ1, . . . , ξn. To what extent can Q(ξ1, . . . , ξn) concentrate on a single value? This quadratic version of the classical Littlewood–Offord problem was popularised by Costello, Tao and Vu in their study of symmetric random matrices. In this paper, we obtain an essentially optimal bound for this problem, as conjectured by Nguyen and Vu. Specifically, if Q(ξ1, . . . , ξn) ‘robustly depends on at least m of the ξi’ in the sense that there is no way to pin down the value of Q(ξ1, . . . , ξn) by fixing values for fewer than m of the variables ξi, then we have Pr[Q(ξ1, . . . , ξn) = 0] ≤ O(1/√m). This also implies a similar result in the case where ξ1, . . . , ξn have arbitrary distributions. Our proof combines a number of ideas that may be of independent interest, including an inductive decoupling scheme that reduces quadratic anticoncentration problems\r\nto high-dimensional linear anticoncentration problems. Also, one application of our main result is the resolution of a conjecture of Alon, Hefetz, Krivelevich and Tyomkyn related to graph inducibility. ","lang":"eng"}],"arxiv":1,"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-4003-7567","full_name":"Kwan, Matthew Alan","first_name":"Matthew Alan","last_name":"Kwan","id":"5fca0887-a1db-11eb-95d1-ca9d5e0453b3"},{"last_name":"Sauermann","full_name":"Sauermann, Lisa","first_name":"Lisa"}],"oa":1,"date_published":"2025-12-01T00:00:00Z","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank the anonymous referee for a number of helpful comments and suggestions. Matthew Kwan was supported by ERC Starting Grant “RANDSTRUCT” No. 101076777. Lisa Sauermann was supported in part by NSF Award DMS-2100157 and a Sloan Research Fellowship, and in part by the DFG Heisenberg Program.","issue":"12","article_type":"original","doi":"10.1112/S0010437X25102789","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"date_updated":"2026-05-04T09:42:57Z","status":"public","publication_status":"published","month":"12","volume":161,"OA_type":"hybrid","_id":"21706","page":"3089-3139","oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","PlanS_conform":"1","quality_controlled":"1","project":[{"name":"Randomness and structure in combinatorics","_id":"bd95085b-d553-11ed-ba76-e55d3349be45","grant_number":"101076777"}],"publication":"Compositio Mathematica","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"MaKw"}],"type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1"},{"date_published":"2025-12-23T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"author":[{"full_name":"Lee, Max E.","first_name":"Max E.","last_name":"Lee"},{"id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","last_name":"Haiman","first_name":"Zoltán","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","orcid":"0000-0003-3633-5403"},{"last_name":"Pandey","first_name":"Shivam","full_name":"Pandey, Shivam"},{"full_name":"Genel, Shy","first_name":"Shy","last_name":"Genel"}],"arxiv":1,"abstract":[{"text":"The next generation of weak-gravitational-lensing surveys has the potential to place stringent constraints on cosmological parameters. However, their analysis is limited by systematics such as the intrinsic alignments of galaxies, which alter weak-lensing convergence and can lead to biases in cosmological parameter estimations. For the first time, in this work, we investigate the impact of intrinsic alignments on non-Gaussian statistics of the weak-lensing field using galaxy shapes derived from the IllustrisTNG hydrodynamical simulation. We create two catalogs of ray-traced convergence maps: one that includes the measured intrinsic shape of each galaxy and another where all galaxies are randomly rotated to eliminate intrinsic alignments. We compare a range of weak-lensing statistics between the two catalogs, including the shear–shear correlation function, the map-level angular power spectrum, one-point, peak count, and minimum distribution functions, and Minkowski functionals. For each statistic, we assess the level of statistical distinguishability between catalogs for a set of future survey angular areas. Our results reveal strong small-scale correlation in the alignment of galaxies and statistically significant boosts in weak-lensing convergence in both positive and negative directions for high-significance peaks and minima, respectively. We note that our analysis is at a fixed number density of  ˜ 5 arcmin^-2, drawn from a single realization of initial conditions, and does not include observational uncertainties or supersample covariance contributions. Weak-lensing analyses utilizing non-Gaussian statistics must account for intrinsic alignments to avoid significantly compromised cosmological inferences.","lang":"eng"}],"day":"23","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7","article_type":"original","issue":"1","acknowledgement":"We thank Fulvio Ferlito, Ana Maria Delgado, and Ken Osato for helpful conversations during this work. M.E.L. is supported by NSF grant DGE-2036197. Z.H. acknowledges financial support from NASA ATP grant 80NSSC24K1093. The Flatiron Institute is supported by the Simons Foundation.","intvolume":"       996","year":"2025","date_created":"2026-04-12T22:01:52Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1538-4357"],"issn":["0004-637X"]},"external_id":{"arxiv":["2504.12460"]},"title":"The effect of intrinsic alignments on weak-lensing statistics in hydrodynamical simulations","has_accepted_license":"1","citation":{"chicago":"Lee, Max E., Zoltán Haiman, Shivam Pandey, and Shy Genel. “The Effect of Intrinsic Alignments on Weak-Lensing Statistics in Hydrodynamical Simulations.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7</a>.","apa":"Lee, M. E., Haiman, Z., Pandey, S., &#38; Genel, S. (2025). The effect of intrinsic alignments on weak-lensing statistics in hydrodynamical simulations. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7</a>","ieee":"M. E. Lee, Z. Haiman, S. Pandey, and S. Genel, “The effect of intrinsic alignments on weak-lensing statistics in hydrodynamical simulations,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 996, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2025.","ista":"Lee ME, Haiman Z, Pandey S, Genel S. 2025. The effect of intrinsic alignments on weak-lensing statistics in hydrodynamical simulations. The Astrophysical Journal. 996(1), 36.","ama":"Lee ME, Haiman Z, Pandey S, Genel S. The effect of intrinsic alignments on weak-lensing statistics in hydrodynamical simulations. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2025;996(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7\">10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7</a>","mla":"Lee, Max E., et al. “The Effect of Intrinsic Alignments on Weak-Lensing Statistics in Hydrodynamical Simulations.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 996, no. 1, 36, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7\">10.3847/1538-4357/ae1ca7</a>.","short":"M.E. Lee, Z. Haiman, S. Pandey, S. Genel, The Astrophysical Journal 996 (2025)."},"DOAJ_listed":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","file":[{"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"0d8fa05617420230eac39944b36839e9","file_id":"21732","date_created":"2026-04-13T08:20:16Z","creator":"dernst","file_name":"2025_AstrophysicalJournal_Lee.pdf","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf","file_size":4122087,"date_updated":"2026-04-13T08:20:16Z"}],"publisher":"IOP Publishing","file_date_updated":"2026-04-13T08:20:16Z","ddc":["520"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","scopus_import":"1","type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","department":[{"_id":"ZoHa"}],"OA_type":"gold","volume":996,"publication_status":"published","month":"12","date_updated":"2026-04-13T08:30:52Z","status":"public","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"36","PlanS_conform":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"21724","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present a comprehensive analysis of the MIRI Extremely Red Object Virgil, a Lyα emitter at zspec = 6.6379 ± 0.0035 with the photometric properties of a Little Red Dot. Leveraging new JWST/MIRI imaging from the MIDIS and PAHSPECS programs, we confirm Virgil’s extraordinary nature among galaxies in JADES/GOODS-South, exhibiting a strikingly red NIRCam-to-MIRI color (F444W–F1500W = 2.84 ± 0.04 mag). Deep NIRSpec/PRISM spectroscopy from the OASIS program offers key insights into the host galaxy, revealing properties of an average star-forming galaxy during Cosmic Reionization, such as a subsolar metallicity, low-to-moderate dust content, and a relatively high ionization parameter and electron temperature. By estimating the star formation rate of Virgil from UV and Hα, we find evidence that the galaxy is either entering or fading out of a bursty episode. Although line-ratio diagnostics employed at high z would classify Virgil as an active galactic nucleus (AGN), this classification becomes ambiguous once redshift evolution is considered. Nonetheless, Virgil occupies the same parameter space as recently confirmed AGNs at similar redshifts. The new deep MIRI data at 15 μm reinforce the AGN nature of Virgil, as inferred from multiple spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting codes. Virgil’s rising infrared SED and UV excess resemble those of Dust-Obscured Galaxies (DOGs) studied with Spitzer at Cosmic Noon, particularly blue-excess HotDOGs. Our results highlight the need for a multiwavelength approach incorporating MIRI to uncover such extreme sources at z ≳ 6 and to shed light on the interplay between galaxy evolution and early black hole growth during Cosmic Reionization."}],"day":"20","date_published":"2025-11-20T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"author":[{"last_name":"Rinaldi","full_name":"Rinaldi, Pierluigi","first_name":"Pierluigi"},{"full_name":"Pérez-González, Pablo G.","first_name":"Pablo G.","last_name":"Pérez-González"},{"first_name":"George H.","full_name":"Rieke, George H.","last_name":"Rieke"},{"last_name":"Lyu","full_name":"Lyu, Jianwei","first_name":"Jianwei"},{"full_name":"D’Eugenio, Francesco","first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"D’Eugenio"},{"last_name":"Wu","full_name":"Wu, Zihao","first_name":"Zihao"},{"last_name":"Carniani","full_name":"Carniani, Stefano","first_name":"Stefano"},{"last_name":"Looser","full_name":"Looser, Tobias J.","first_name":"Tobias J."},{"last_name":"Shivaei","first_name":"Irene","full_name":"Shivaei, Irene"},{"full_name":"Boogaard, Leindert A.","first_name":"Leindert A.","last_name":"Boogaard"},{"first_name":"Tanio","full_name":"Diaz-Santos, Tanio","last_name":"Diaz-Santos"},{"full_name":"Colina, Luis","first_name":"Luis","last_name":"Colina"},{"last_name":"Östlin","first_name":"Göran","full_name":"Östlin, Göran"},{"last_name":"Alberts","first_name":"Stacey","full_name":"Alberts, Stacey"},{"last_name":"Álvarez-Márquez","first_name":"Javier","full_name":"Álvarez-Márquez, Javier"},{"first_name":"Marianna","full_name":"Annuziatella, Marianna","last_name":"Annuziatella"},{"last_name":"Aravena","full_name":"Aravena, Manuel","first_name":"Manuel"},{"full_name":"Bhatawdekar, Rachana","first_name":"Rachana","last_name":"Bhatawdekar"},{"full_name":"Bunker, Andrew J.","first_name":"Andrew J.","last_name":"Bunker"},{"first_name":"Karina I.","full_name":"Caputi, Karina I.","last_name":"Caputi"},{"last_name":"Charlot","full_name":"Charlot, Stéphane","first_name":"Stéphane"},{"first_name":"Alejandro","full_name":"Crespo Gómez, Alejandro","last_name":"Crespo Gómez"},{"full_name":"Curti, Mirko","first_name":"Mirko","last_name":"Curti"},{"full_name":"Eckart, Andreas","first_name":"Andreas","last_name":"Eckart"},{"full_name":"Gillman, Steven","first_name":"Steven","last_name":"Gillman"},{"last_name":"Hainline","first_name":"Kevin","full_name":"Hainline, Kevin"},{"last_name":"Kumari","full_name":"Kumari, Nimisha","first_name":"Nimisha"},{"full_name":"Hjorth, Jens","first_name":"Jens","last_name":"Hjorth"},{"last_name":"Iani","id":"4053390a-6b68-11ef-9828-a3b8adef8d0a","orcid":"0000-0001-8386-3546","full_name":"Iani, Edoardo","first_name":"Edoardo"},{"last_name":"Inami","full_name":"Inami, Hanae","first_name":"Hanae"},{"last_name":"Ji","first_name":"Zhiyuan","full_name":"Ji, Zhiyuan"},{"last_name":"Johnson","first_name":"Benjamin D.","full_name":"Johnson, Benjamin D."},{"first_name":"Gareth C.","full_name":"Jones, Gareth C.","last_name":"Jones"},{"last_name":"Labiano","full_name":"Labiano, Álvaro","first_name":"Álvaro"},{"first_name":"Roberto","full_name":"Maiolino, Roberto","last_name":"Maiolino"},{"full_name":"Melinder, Jens","first_name":"Jens","last_name":"Melinder"},{"last_name":"Moutard","full_name":"Moutard, Thibaud","first_name":"Thibaud"},{"full_name":"Peissker, Florian","first_name":"Florian","last_name":"Peissker"},{"last_name":"Rieke","first_name":"Marcia","full_name":"Rieke, Marcia"},{"first_name":"Brant","full_name":"Robertson, Brant","last_name":"Robertson"},{"first_name":"Jan","full_name":"Scholtz, Jan","last_name":"Scholtz"},{"last_name":"Tacchella","first_name":"Sandro","full_name":"Tacchella, Sandro"},{"first_name":"Paul P.","full_name":"Van Der Werf, Paul P.","last_name":"Van Der Werf"},{"first_name":"Fabian","full_name":"Walter, Fabian","last_name":"Walter"},{"first_name":"Christina C.","full_name":"Williams, Christina C.","last_name":"Williams"},{"first_name":"Chris","full_name":"Willott, Chris","last_name":"Willott"},{"first_name":"Joris","full_name":"Witstok, Joris","last_name":"Witstok"},{"last_name":"Übler","full_name":"Übler, Hannah","first_name":"Hannah"},{"first_name":"Yongda","full_name":"Zhu, Yongda","last_name":"Zhu"}],"article_type":"original","issue":"1","acknowledgement":"The authors are deeply grateful to Antonello Calabrò for valuable insights on CLOUDY and pyCloudy, and for publicly sharing their SFG and AGN models, which were used as a reference to verify the consistency of our photoionization models. The authors also thank Adam Carnall for insightful input on bagpipes and for assistance with the implementation of the two-population model adopted in this work. Finally, they also thank Camilla Pacifici, Vasily Kokorev, and Cristian Vignali for their insightful discussions.\r\n\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with JWST programs GTO #1180, GO #1210, GTO#1283, GO #1963, GO #1895, GO# 3215, and GO#6511.\r\n\r\nThe authors acknowledge the FRESCO, JEMS, and #3215 teams led by co-PIs P. Oesch, C. C. Williams, M. Maseda, D. Eisenstein, and R. Maiolino for developing their observing program with a zero-exclusive-access period. Processing for the JADES NIRCam data release was performed on the lux cluster at the University of California, Santa Cruz, funded by NSF MRI grant AST 1828315. Also based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 526555. The data presented in this article were obtained from MAST at the Space Telescope Science Institute. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via doi: 10.17909/1rq3-8048 P. Oesch & D. Magee (2023), C. Williams et al. (2023), G. Illingworth (2015), and M. Rieke et al. (2023).\r\n\r\nA.J.B. acknowledges funding from the “FirstGalaxies” Advanced Grant from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement No. 789056).\r\n\r\nP.G.P.-G. acknowledges support from grant PID2022-139567NB-I00 funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia e Innovación MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, FEDER, UE.\r\n\r\nB.E.R. acknowledges support from the NIRCam Science Team contract to the University of Arizona, NAS5-02015, and JWST Program 3215.\r\n\r\nS.T. acknowledges support by the Royal Society Research Grant G125142.\r\n\r\nThe research of C.C.W. is supported by NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the National Science Foundation.\r\n\r\nJ.W. gratefully acknowledges support from the Cosmic Dawn Center through the DAWN Fellowship. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant No. 140.\r\n\r\nY.Z., Z.J., and P.L. gratefully acknowledge the JWST/NIRCam contract to the University of Arizona NAS5-02015.\r\n\r\nThe work of G.H.R. and P.L. was also supported by grant 80NSSC18K0555, from the NASA Goddard Space Flight Center to the University of Arizona.\r\n\r\nH.Ü. acknowledges funding by the European Union (ERC APEX, 101164796). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the authors only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council Executive Agency. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them.\r\n\r\nG.C.J. acknowledges support by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), ERC Advanced grant 695671 “QUENCH.”\r\n\r\nA.C.G. acknowledges support by JWST contract B0215/JWST-GO-02926.\r\n\r\nG.O. acknowledges support from the Swedish National Space Agency (SNSA).\r\n\r\nH.I. acknowledges support from JSPS KAKENHI grant No. JP21H01129.\r\n\r\nM.A. gratefully acknowledges support from ANID Basal Project FB210003 and ANID MILENIO NCN2024_112.\r\n\r\nT.D.S. acknowledges the research project was supported by the Hellenic Foundation for Research and Innovation (HFRI) under the “2nd Call for HFRI Research Projects to Support Faculty Members and Researchers” (project No.: 03382).\r\n\r\nR.M. acknowledges support by the Science and Technology Facilities Council (STFC), by the ERC through Advanced grant 695671 “QUENCH,” and by the UKRI Frontier Research grant RISEandFALL. R.M. also acknowledges funding from a research professorship from the Royal Society.\r\n\r\nI.S. acknowledges funding from the Atraccíon de Talento grant No. 2022-T1/TIC-20472 of the Comunidad de Madrid, Spain, and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant No. 101117541, DistantDust).\r\n\r\nK.I.C. acknowledges funding from the Dutch Research Council (NWO) through the award of the Vici grant VI.C.212.036.\r\n\r\nFacilities: HST - Hubble Space Telescope satellite, JWST. -\r\n\r\nSoftware: Astropy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2022), Bagpipes (A. C. Carnall et al. 2019), MSAEXP (G. Brammer 2023) NumPy (C. R. Harris et al. 2020), pandas (The pandas development team 2024) Photutils (L. Bradley et al. 2016), TOPCAT (M. Taylor 2022).","doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c","title":"Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured active galactic nucleus lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during cosmic reionization","has_accepted_license":"1","intvolume":"       994","date_created":"2026-04-12T22:01:53Z","year":"2025","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1538-4357"],"issn":["0004-637X"]},"file_date_updated":"2026-04-13T07:53:00Z","ddc":["520"],"citation":{"short":"P. Rinaldi, P.G. Pérez-González, G.H. Rieke, J. Lyu, F. D’Eugenio, Z. Wu, S. Carniani, T.J. Looser, I. Shivaei, L.A. Boogaard, T. Diaz-Santos, L. Colina, G. Östlin, S. Alberts, J. Álvarez-Márquez, M. Annuziatella, M. Aravena, R. Bhatawdekar, A.J. Bunker, K.I. Caputi, S. Charlot, A. Crespo Gómez, M. Curti, A. Eckart, S. Gillman, K. Hainline, N. Kumari, J. Hjorth, E. Iani, H. Inami, Z. Ji, B.D. Johnson, G.C. Jones, Á. Labiano, R. Maiolino, J. Melinder, T. Moutard, F. Peissker, M. Rieke, B. Robertson, J. Scholtz, S. Tacchella, P.P. Van Der Werf, F. Walter, C.C. Williams, C. Willott, J. Witstok, H. Übler, Y. Zhu, The Astrophysical Journal 994 (2025).","ama":"Rinaldi P, Pérez-González PG, Rieke GH, et al. Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured active galactic nucleus lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during cosmic reionization. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2025;994(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c\">10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c</a>","mla":"Rinaldi, Pierluigi, et al. “Deciphering the Nature of Virgil: An Obscured Active Galactic Nucleus Lurking within an Apparently Normal Lyα Emitter during Cosmic Reionization.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 994, no. 1, 86, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c\">10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c</a>.","ista":"Rinaldi P, Pérez-González PG, Rieke GH, Lyu J, D’Eugenio F, Wu Z, Carniani S, Looser TJ, Shivaei I, Boogaard LA, Diaz-Santos T, Colina L, Östlin G, Alberts S, Álvarez-Márquez J, Annuziatella M, Aravena M, Bhatawdekar R, Bunker AJ, Caputi KI, Charlot S, Crespo Gómez A, Curti M, Eckart A, Gillman S, Hainline K, Kumari N, Hjorth J, Iani E, Inami H, Ji Z, Johnson BD, Jones GC, Labiano Á, Maiolino R, Melinder J, Moutard T, Peissker F, Rieke M, Robertson B, Scholtz J, Tacchella S, Van Der Werf PP, Walter F, Williams CC, Willott C, Witstok J, Übler H, Zhu Y. 2025. Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured active galactic nucleus lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during cosmic reionization. The Astrophysical Journal. 994(1), 86.","ieee":"P. Rinaldi <i>et al.</i>, “Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured active galactic nucleus lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during cosmic reionization,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 994, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2025.","apa":"Rinaldi, P., Pérez-González, P. G., Rieke, G. H., Lyu, J., D’Eugenio, F., Wu, Z., … Zhu, Y. (2025). Deciphering the nature of Virgil: An obscured active galactic nucleus lurking within an apparently normal Lyα emitter during cosmic reionization. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c</a>","chicago":"Rinaldi, Pierluigi, Pablo G. Pérez-González, George H. Rieke, Jianwei Lyu, Francesco D’Eugenio, Zihao Wu, Stefano Carniani, et al. “Deciphering the Nature of Virgil: An Obscured Active Galactic Nucleus Lurking within an Apparently Normal Lyα Emitter during Cosmic Reionization.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae089c</a>."},"DOAJ_listed":"1","publisher":"IOP Publishing","file":[{"relation":"main_file","checksum":"5d13b0ad3e9f56cbe29c5de0ba5757c8","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"21731","date_created":"2026-04-13T07:53:00Z","date_updated":"2026-04-13T07:53:00Z","file_size":10298729,"creator":"dernst","file_name":"2025_AstrophysicalJournal_Rinaldi.pdf","success":1,"content_type":"application/pdf"}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"scopus_import":"1","status":"public","date_updated":"2026-04-13T07:54:11Z","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"OA_type":"gold","publication_status":"published","month":"11","volume":994,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"21727","oa_version":"Published Version","quality_controlled":"1","article_number":"86","PlanS_conform":"1"},{"author":[{"full_name":"Yamagishi, Shuntaro","first_name":"Shuntaro","id":"0c3fbc5c-f7a6-11ec-8d70-9485e75b416b","last_name":"Yamagishi"}],"arxiv":1,"oa":1,"date_published":"2025-10-28T00:00:00Z","day":"28","abstract":[{"text":"Let F∈Z[x1,…,xn] be a homogeneous form of degree d≥2, and V∗F the singular locus of the hypersurface {x∈AnC:F(x)=0}. A longstanding result of Birch states that there is a non-trivial integral solution to the equation F(x1,…,xn)=0 provided n>dimV∗F+(d−1)2d, and there is a non-singular solution in R and Qp for all primes p. We give a different formulation of this result. More precisely, we replace dimV∗F with a quantity HF defined in terms of the Hessian matrix of F. This quantity satisfies 0≤HF≤dimV∗F; therefore, we improve on the aforementioned result of Birch if HF<dimV∗F. We also prove the corresponding result for systems of forms of equal degree.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.4064/aa241029-19-8","acknowledgement":"The author would like to thank Tim Browning, Jakob Glas and Simon Rydin Myerson for useful suggestions and conversations. Finally, he would like to thank the anonymous referees for their helpful comments. The author was supported by the NWO Veni Grant 016.Veni.192.047 during his time at Utrecht University and by the FWF grant P 36278 at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria while working on this article.","issue":"2","article_type":"original","external_id":{"arxiv":["2304.02620"]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1730-6264"],"issn":["0065-1036"]},"date_created":"2026-04-26T22:01:48Z","year":"2025","intvolume":"       221","title":"Birch’s theorem on forms in many variables with a Hessian condition","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Instytut Matematyczny","citation":{"short":"S. Yamagishi, Acta Arithmetica 221 (2025) 141–151.","ama":"Yamagishi S. Birch’s theorem on forms in many variables with a Hessian condition. <i>Acta Arithmetica</i>. 2025;221(2):141-151. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4064/aa241029-19-8\">10.4064/aa241029-19-8</a>","mla":"Yamagishi, Shuntaro. “Birch’s Theorem on Forms in Many Variables with a Hessian Condition.” <i>Acta Arithmetica</i>, vol. 221, no. 2, Instytut Matematyczny, 2025, pp. 141–51, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4064/aa241029-19-8\">10.4064/aa241029-19-8</a>.","ista":"Yamagishi S. 2025. Birch’s theorem on forms in many variables with a Hessian condition. Acta Arithmetica. 221(2), 141–151.","ieee":"S. Yamagishi, “Birch’s theorem on forms in many variables with a Hessian condition,” <i>Acta Arithmetica</i>, vol. 221, no. 2. Instytut Matematyczny, pp. 141–151, 2025.","apa":"Yamagishi, S. (2025). Birch’s theorem on forms in many variables with a Hessian condition. <i>Acta Arithmetica</i>. Instytut Matematyczny. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4064/aa241029-19-8\">https://doi.org/10.4064/aa241029-19-8</a>","chicago":"Yamagishi, Shuntaro. “Birch’s Theorem on Forms in Many Variables with a Hessian Condition.” <i>Acta Arithmetica</i>. Instytut Matematyczny, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.4064/aa241029-19-8\">https://doi.org/10.4064/aa241029-19-8</a>."},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"name":"Rational curves via function field analytic number theory","_id":"bd8a4fdc-d553-11ed-ba76-80a0167441a3","grant_number":"P36278"}],"keyword":["Diophantine equations","homogeneous forms"],"publication":"Acta Arithmetica","corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1","department":[{"_id":"TiBr"}],"OA_place":"repository","type":"journal_article","publication_status":"published","volume":221,"month":"10","OA_type":"green","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2304.02620","open_access":"1"}],"date_updated":"2026-04-28T06:31:40Z","status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","_id":"21768","oa_version":"Preprint","page":"141-151","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"external_id":{"arxiv":["2502.06560"]},"year":"2025","date_created":"2026-05-11T08:55:23Z","title":"Position: It's time to act on the risk of efficient personalized text generation","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"ieee":"E. B. Iofinova, A. Jovanovic, and D.-A. Alistarh, “Position: It’s time to act on the risk of efficient personalized text generation,” <i>arXiv</i>. .","ista":"Iofinova EB, Jovanovic A, Alistarh D-A. Position: It’s time to act on the risk of efficient personalized text generation. arXiv, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560\">10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560</a>.","apa":"Iofinova, E. B., Jovanovic, A., &#38; Alistarh, D.-A. (n.d.). Position: It’s time to act on the risk of efficient personalized text generation. <i>arXiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560</a>","chicago":"Iofinova, Eugenia B, Andrej Jovanovic, and Dan-Adrian Alistarh. “Position: It’s Time to Act on the Risk of Efficient Personalized Text Generation.” <i>ArXiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560\">https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560</a>.","short":"E.B. Iofinova, A. Jovanovic, D.-A. Alistarh, ArXiv (n.d.).","ama":"Iofinova EB, Jovanovic A, Alistarh D-A. Position: It’s time to act on the risk of efficient personalized text generation. <i>arXiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560\">10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560</a>","mla":"Iofinova, Eugenia B., et al. “Position: It’s Time to Act on the Risk of Efficient Personalized Text Generation.” <i>ArXiv</i>, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560\">10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560</a>."},"oa":1,"author":[{"full_name":"Iofinova, Eugenia B","first_name":"Eugenia B","orcid":"0000-0002-7778-3221","id":"f9a17499-f6e0-11ea-865d-fdf9a3f77117","last_name":"Iofinova"},{"first_name":"Andrej","full_name":"Jovanovic, Andrej","last_name":"Jovanovic"},{"last_name":"Alistarh","id":"4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-3650-940X","full_name":"Alistarh, Dan-Adrian","first_name":"Dan-Adrian"}],"arxiv":1,"date_published":"2025-06-02T00:00:00Z","day":"02","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The recent surge in high-quality open-source Generative AI text models (colloquially: LLMs), as well as efficient finetuning techniques, have opened the possibility of creating high-quality personalized models that generate text attuned to a specific individual’s needs and are capable of credibly imitating their writing style by refining an open-source model with that person’s own data. The technology to create such models is accessible to private individuals, and training and running such models can be done cheaply on consumer-grade hardware. While these advancements are a huge gain for usability and privacy, this position paper argues that the practical feasibility of impersonating specific individuals also introduces novel safety risks. For instance, this technology enables the creation of phishing emails\r\nor fraudulent social media accounts, based on small amounts of publicly available text, or by the individuals themselves to escape AI text detection. We further argue that these risks are complementary to—and distinct from—the much-discussed risks of other impersonation attacks such as image, voice, or video deepfakes, and are not adequately addressed by the larger research community, or the current generation of open- and closed-source models."}],"doi":"10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560","acknowledgement":"This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources\r\nprovided by Scientific Computing (SciComp). EI was supported in part by the FWF DK VGSCO,\r\ngrant agreement number W1260-N35. AJ was supported in part by ERC Proof-of-Concept Grant\r\nFastML, grant agreement 101158077.","month":"06","publication_status":"draft","OA_type":"green","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2502.06560","open_access":"1"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2026-05-19T11:20:27Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"21854"}]},"_id":"21858","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","oa_version":"Preprint","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"grant_number":"101158077","_id":"8e35c14b-16d5-11f0-9cad-a3fc35339161","name":"FastML: Efficient and Cost-Effective Distributed Machine Learning"},{"grant_number":"W1260-N35","_id":"9B9290DE-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","name":"Vienna Graduate School on Computational Optimization"}],"publication":"arXiv","corr_author":"1","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"DaAl"}],"type":"preprint","OA_place":"repository"},{"oa_version":"None","_id":"21885","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","citation":{"ista":"Henzinger TA. 2025. Neural Certificates. Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing. SYNASC: Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing.","ieee":"T. A. Henzinger, “Neural Certificates,” in <i>Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing</i>, Timisoara, Romania, 2025.","chicago":"Henzinger, Thomas A. “Neural Certificates.” In <i>Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing</i>. IEEE, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008\">https://doi.org/10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008</a>.","apa":"Henzinger, T. A. (2025). Neural Certificates. In <i>Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing</i>. Timisoara, Romania: IEEE. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008\">https://doi.org/10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008</a>","short":"T.A. Henzinger, in:, Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing, IEEE, 2025.","ama":"Henzinger TA. Neural Certificates. In: <i>Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing</i>. IEEE; 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008\">10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008</a>","mla":"Henzinger, Thomas A. “Neural Certificates.” <i>Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing</i>, IEEE, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008\">10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008</a>."},"quality_controlled":"1","publisher":"IEEE","article_processing_charge":"No","status":"public","date_updated":"2026-05-18T08:34:15Z","title":"Neural Certificates","date_created":"2026-05-17T22:02:11Z","year":"2025","OA_type":"closed access","month":"10","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2470-881X"],"eisbn":["9798331590116"]},"publication_status":"published","type":"conference","department":[{"_id":"ToHe"}],"doi":"10.1109/SYNASC69064.2025.00008","scopus_import":"1","corr_author":"1","publication":"Proceedings of the 27th International Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing","abstract":[{"text":"Symbolic datatypes have proved to be central for automated reasoning about dynamical systems. In its basic form, a symbolic datatype for a class of dynamical systems supports the representation of state and transition sets, boolean operations and emptiness checks on such sets, and the transformation of a state set by a transition set. Successful examples of symbolic datatypes include BDDs and SAT for reasoning about finitestate systems, as well as polyhedra and SMT for reasoning about discrete dynamical systems over multidimensional realvalued state spaces. Most automated verification engines are based on such symbolic datatypes.","lang":"eng"}],"conference":{"start_date":"2025-09-22","location":"Timisoara, Romania","end_date":"2025-09-25","name":"SYNASC: Symposium on Symbolic and Numeric Algorithms for Scientific Computing"},"day":"01","date_published":"2025-10-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"id":"40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Henzinger","full_name":"Henzinger, Thomas A","first_name":"Thomas A","orcid":"0000-0002-2985-7724"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"ddc":["572"],"article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","publisher":"Springer Nature","citation":{"chicago":"Schultz, Kollin, Pedro Costa-Pinheiro, Lauren Gardner, Laura V. Pinheiro, Julio Ramirez-Solis, Sarah M. Gardner, Kathryn E. Wellen, and Ronen Marmorstein. “Snapshots of Acyl Carrier Protein Shuttling in Human Fatty Acid Synthase.” <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x</a>.","apa":"Schultz, K., Costa-Pinheiro, P., Gardner, L., Pinheiro, L. V., Ramirez-Solis, J., Gardner, S. M., … Marmorstein, R. (2025). Snapshots of acyl carrier protein shuttling in human fatty acid synthase. <i>Nature</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x</a>","ista":"Schultz K, Costa-Pinheiro P, Gardner L, Pinheiro LV, Ramirez-Solis J, Gardner SM, Wellen KE, Marmorstein R. 2025. Snapshots of acyl carrier protein shuttling in human fatty acid synthase. Nature. 641(8062), 520–528.","ieee":"K. Schultz <i>et al.</i>, “Snapshots of acyl carrier protein shuttling in human fatty acid synthase,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 641, no. 8062. Springer Nature, pp. 520–528, 2025.","ama":"Schultz K, Costa-Pinheiro P, Gardner L, et al. Snapshots of acyl carrier protein shuttling in human fatty acid synthase. <i>Nature</i>. 2025;641(8062):520-528. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x\">10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x</a>","mla":"Schultz, Kollin, et al. “Snapshots of Acyl Carrier Protein Shuttling in Human Fatty Acid Synthase.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 641, no. 8062, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 520–28, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x\">10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x</a>.","short":"K. Schultz, P. Costa-Pinheiro, L. Gardner, L.V. Pinheiro, J. Ramirez-Solis, S.M. Gardner, K.E. Wellen, R. Marmorstein, Nature 641 (2025) 520–528."},"extern":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","pmid":1,"title":"Snapshots of acyl carrier protein shuttling in human fatty acid synthase","external_id":{"pmid":["39979457 "]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1476-4687"],"issn":["0028-0836"]},"year":"2025","date_created":"2026-05-24T08:25:19Z","intvolume":"       641","issue":"8062","article_type":"original","doi":"10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x","day":"08","abstract":[{"text":"The mammalian fatty acid synthase (FASN) enzyme is a dynamic multienzyme that belongs to the megasynthase family. In mammals, a single gene encodes six catalytically active domains and a flexibly tethered acyl carrier protein (ACP) domain that shuttles intermediates between active sites for fatty acid biosynthesis1. FASN is an essential enzyme in mammalian development through the role that fatty acids have in membrane formation, energy storage, cell signalling and protein modifications. Thus, FASN is a promising target for treatment of a large variety of diseases including cancer, metabolic dysfunction-associated fatty liver disease, and viral and parasite infections2,3. The multi-faceted mechanism of FASN and the dynamic nature of the protein, in particular of the ACP, have made it challenging to understand at the molecular level. Here we report cryo-electron microscopy structures of human FASN in a multitude of conformational states with NADPH and NADP+ plus acetoacetyl-CoA present, including structures with the ACP stalled at the dehydratase (DH) and enoyl-reductase (ER) domains. We show that FASN activity in vitro and de novo lipogenesis in cells is inhibited by mutations at the ACP–DH and ACP–ER interfaces. Together, these studies provide new molecular insights into the dynamic nature of FASN and the ACP shuttling mechanism, with implications for developing improved FASN-targeted therapeutics.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Schultz","first_name":"Kollin","full_name":"Schultz, Kollin"},{"last_name":"Costa-Pinheiro","first_name":"Pedro","full_name":"Costa-Pinheiro, Pedro"},{"id":"f9dedd98-6d15-11f0-88a5-a7b4143fdec5","last_name":"Gardner","first_name":"Lauren","full_name":"Gardner, Lauren","orcid":"0009-0000-5733-1546"},{"last_name":"Pinheiro","first_name":"Laura V.","full_name":"Pinheiro, Laura V."},{"first_name":"Julio","full_name":"Ramirez-Solis, Julio","last_name":"Ramirez-Solis"},{"last_name":"Gardner","first_name":"Sarah M.","full_name":"Gardner, Sarah M."},{"last_name":"Wellen","full_name":"Wellen, Kathryn E.","first_name":"Kathryn E."},{"first_name":"Ronen","full_name":"Marmorstein, Ronen","last_name":"Marmorstein"}],"oa":1,"date_published":"2025-05-08T00:00:00Z","_id":"21912","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","page":"520-528","oa_version":"Published Version","quality_controlled":"1","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-025-08587-x","open_access":"1"}],"date_updated":"2026-06-02T14:57:52Z","status":"public","publication_status":"published","month":"05","volume":641,"OA_type":"hybrid","OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","publication":"Nature","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"publication_status":"submitted","month":"10","date_created":"2026-05-27T06:54:04Z","year":"2025","OA_type":"green","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.09.680955","open_access":"1"}],"tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)"},"status":"public","date_updated":"2026-05-27T07:25:41Z","title":"Innovations in spinal cord cell type heterogeneity across vertebrate evolution","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"short":"Y. Ignatyev, S. Papadopoulos, M. Soretić, J. Yeung, T.-Y. Lin, E.M. Tanaka, L. Peshkin, A.J. Levine, M.I. Gabitto, L.B. Sweeney, BioRxiv (n.d.).","mla":"Ignatyev, Yuri, et al. “Innovations in Spinal Cord Cell Type Heterogeneity across Vertebrate Evolution.” <i>BioRxiv</i>, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.09.680955\">10.1101/2025.10.09.680955</a>.","ama":"Ignatyev Y, Papadopoulos S, Soretić M, et al. Innovations in spinal cord cell type heterogeneity across vertebrate evolution. <i>bioRxiv</i>. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.09.680955\">10.1101/2025.10.09.680955</a>","ieee":"Y. Ignatyev <i>et al.</i>, “Innovations in spinal cord cell type heterogeneity across vertebrate evolution,” <i>bioRxiv</i>. .","ista":"Ignatyev Y, Papadopoulos S, Soretić M, Yeung J, Lin T-Y, Tanaka EM, Peshkin L, Levine AJ, Gabitto MI, Sweeney LB. Innovations in spinal cord cell type heterogeneity across vertebrate evolution. bioRxiv, <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.09.680955\">10.1101/2025.10.09.680955</a>.","chicago":"Ignatyev, Yuri, Stavros Papadopoulos, Mateja Soretić, Jake Yeung, Tzi-Yang Lin, Elly M Tanaka, Leonid Peshkin, Ariel J Levine, Mariano I Gabitto, and Lora B. Sweeney. “Innovations in Spinal Cord Cell Type Heterogeneity across Vertebrate Evolution.” <i>BioRxiv</i>, n.d. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.09.680955\">https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.09.680955</a>.","apa":"Ignatyev, Y., Papadopoulos, S., Soretić, M., Yeung, J., Lin, T.-Y., Tanaka, E. M., … Sweeney, L. B. (n.d.). Innovations in spinal cord cell type heterogeneity across vertebrate evolution. <i>bioRxiv</i>. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.09.680955\">https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.10.09.680955</a>"},"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","_id":"21920","oa_version":"Preprint","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Ignatyev","full_name":"Ignatyev, Yuri","first_name":"Yuri"},{"first_name":"Stavros","full_name":"Papadopoulos, Stavros","id":"40606b92-f128-11eb-9611-bf66a98cfa5c","last_name":"Papadopoulos"},{"first_name":"Mateja","full_name":"Soretić, Mateja","last_name":"Soretić"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-1732-1559","first_name":"Jake","full_name":"Yeung, Jake","last_name":"Yeung","id":"123012b2-db30-11eb-b4d8-a35840c0551b"},{"last_name":"Lin","full_name":"Lin, Tzi-Yang","first_name":"Tzi-Yang"},{"first_name":"Elly M","full_name":"Tanaka, Elly M","last_name":"Tanaka"},{"last_name":"Peshkin","full_name":"Peshkin, Leonid","first_name":"Leonid"},{"full_name":"Levine, Ariel J","first_name":"Ariel J","last_name":"Levine"},{"first_name":"Mariano I","full_name":"Gabitto, Mariano I","last_name":"Gabitto"},{"first_name":"Lora Beatrice Jaeger","full_name":"Sweeney, Lora Beatrice Jaeger","orcid":"0000-0001-9242-5601","id":"56BE8254-C4F0-11E9-8E45-0B23E6697425","last_name":"Sweeney"}],"oa":1,"date_published":"2025-10-11T00:00:00Z","project":[{"name":"Development and Evolution of Tetrapod Motor Circuits","_id":"ebb66355-77a9-11ec-83b8-b8ac210a4dae","grant_number":"101041551"},{"_id":"907b765e-16d5-11f0-9cad-fef108a945b1","name":"A Tale of Two Circuits: Rostrocaudal spinal cord patterning during the swim-to-limb transition of Xenopus metamorphosis","grant_number":"27229"}],"day":"11","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Vertebrates display remarkable diversity of sensorimotor behaviors, each adapted to distinct ecological and survival demands. This diversity raises fundamental questions about the evolutionary origin of motor control: do conserved spinal circuits underlie these behaviors, and how have they diverged across species. Recent studies detail spinal cell-type architecture in mammals but comparable, high-resolution atlases of the non-mammalian spinal cord are lacking. Here, we compare spinal cord cell types between fish, frogs, mice and humans, spanning ∼450 million years of evolution. Across species, we define highly conserved programs of cell type specification that segregate spinal neurons into nearly identical cardinal classes during development. This contrasts with adult stages, when spinal cell-type composition selectively diverges for excitatory neuron subpopulations. Using spatial transcriptomics, we localize this species divergence to the superficial, dorsal spinal cord, where variant neuropeptide expression defines mammalian-specific cell types. The most dorsal spinal cord thus emerges as a recently evolved hub for sensory integration in mammals, a neospinal cord analogous to the neocortex.</jats:p>"}],"publication":"bioRxiv","corr_author":"1","doi":"10.1101/2025.10.09.680955","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank the members of the Sweeney Lab for discussion and support; Andrey\r\nBydanov for technical assistance with single-cell sequencing processing; and Jay Bikoff,\r\nNikos Konstantinides, Maria Tosches, and Graziana Gatto for comments on the manuscript. \r\nThis research was supported by: Horizon Europe ERC Starting Grant 101041551 (L.B.S,\r\nY.I., S.P.); Special Research Program (SFB) of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) F7814-B\r\n(L.B.S., S.P., E.M.T); Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 10.55776/COE16 (L.B.S., Y.I., E.M.T.);\r\nAustrian Academy of Sciences DOC Fellowship 27229 (S.P.); ERC Advanced Grant 742046\r\n(E.M.T.); NIH award R24 OD031956 (L.P.); and in part by the Intramural Research\r\nProgram of the National Institutes of Health (NIH) through 1ZIA NS003153 to A.J.L.\r\nThe contributions of the NIH author are considered Works of the United States\r\nGovernment. The findings and conclusions presented in this paper are those of\r\nthe authors and do not necessarily reflect the views of the NIH or the U.S. Department\r\nof Health and Human Services. ","department":[{"_id":"LoSw"},{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"type":"preprint","OA_place":"repository"},{"month":"12","publication_status":"epub_ahead","OA_type":"hybrid","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2025-12-29T11:37:48Z","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"14278","oa_version":"Published Version","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"project":[{"_id":"9B8B92DE-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","name":"Spectral rigidity and integrability for billiards and geodesic flows","grant_number":"885707","call_identifier":"H2020"}],"publication":"Inventiones Mathematicae","scopus_import":"1","corr_author":"1","ec_funded":1,"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"VaKa"}],"OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0020-9910"],"eissn":["1432-1297"]},"external_id":{"arxiv":["2111.12171"]},"date_created":"2023-09-06T08:35:43Z","year":"2025","has_accepted_license":"1","title":"Local strong Birkhoff conjecture and local spectral rigidity of almost every ellipse","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","publisher":"Springer Nature","citation":{"ieee":"I. Koval, “Local strong Birkhoff conjecture and local spectral rigidity of almost every ellipse,” <i>Inventiones Mathematicae</i>. Springer Nature, 2025.","ista":"Koval I. 2025. Local strong Birkhoff conjecture and local spectral rigidity of almost every ellipse. Inventiones Mathematicae.","chicago":"Koval, Illya. “Local Strong Birkhoff Conjecture and Local Spectral Rigidity of Almost Every Ellipse.” <i>Inventiones Mathematicae</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y</a>.","apa":"Koval, I. (2025). Local strong Birkhoff conjecture and local spectral rigidity of almost every ellipse. <i>Inventiones Mathematicae</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y</a>","short":"I. Koval, Inventiones Mathematicae (2025).","mla":"Koval, Illya. “Local Strong Birkhoff Conjecture and Local Spectral Rigidity of Almost Every Ellipse.” <i>Inventiones Mathematicae</i>, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y\">10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y</a>.","ama":"Koval I. Local strong Birkhoff conjecture and local spectral rigidity of almost every ellipse. <i>Inventiones Mathematicae</i>. 2025. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y\">10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y</a>"},"ddc":["510"],"oa":1,"author":[{"last_name":"Koval","id":"2eed1f3b-896a-11ed-bdf8-93c7c4bf159e","first_name":"Illya","full_name":"Koval, Illya"}],"arxiv":1,"date_published":"2025-12-11T00:00:00Z","day":"11","abstract":[{"text":"The Birkhoff conjecture says that the boundary of a strictly convex integrable billiard table is necessarily an ellipse. In this article, we consider a stronger notion of integrability, namely, integrability close to the boundary, and prove a local version of this conjecture: a small perturbation of almost every ellipse that preserves integrability near the boundary, is itself an ellipse. We apply this result to study local spectral uniqueness of ellipses using the connection between the wave trace of the Laplacian and the dynamics near the boundary and establish local uniqueness for almost all of them.","lang":"eng"}],"doi":"10.1007/s00222-025-01397-y","acknowledgement":"The author acknowledges the partial support of the European Research Council Grant #885707. He also thanks Vadim Kaloshin for proposing the idea of the project and greatly aiding the implementation. The author is also grateful to Hamid Hezari, Amir Vig, Steve Zelditch, Comlan E. Koudjinan, Corentin Fierobe, Ngo Nhok Tkhai Shon and Roman Sarapin for useful discussions. The author also acknowledges partial support of ISTern summer program. The project started in the summer of 2021, when the author was an intern at ISTA. Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria).","article_type":"original"},{"doi":"10.7554/elife.101851.3","acknowledgement":"We thank the animal house staff of the Tata Institute of Fundamental Research, Mumbai (TIFR), for their excellent support; Gordon Fishell (Harvard Medical School, USA), and Goichi Miyoshi (Gunma University, Japan) for the Foxg1 floxed mouse line; Hiroshi Kawasaki (Kanazawa University, Japan) for the plasmids pCAG-FGF8 and pCAG-sFgfr3c; Soo Kyung Lee (University at Buffalo, The State University of New York, USA) for the Foxg1lox/lox genotyping primers and protocol. We thank Deepak Modi and Vainav Patel (National Institute for Research in Reproductive and Child Health, NIRRCH, Mumbai, India) for the use of the NIRRCH FACS Facility, and the staff of the NIRRCH and TIFR FACS facilities for their assistance. We thank Denis Jabaudon (University of Geneva, Switzerland) for his critical comments on the manuscript and members of the Jabaudon lab for helpful discussions. This work was funded by the Department of Atomic Energy (DAE), Govt. of India (Project Identification no. RTI4003,\r\nDAE OM no. 1303/2/2019/R&D-II/DAE/2079). ","article_type":"original","author":[{"full_name":"Bose, Mahima","first_name":"Mahima","last_name":"Bose"},{"first_name":"Varun","full_name":"Suresh, Varun","last_name":"Suresh"},{"full_name":"Mishra, Urvi","first_name":"Urvi","last_name":"Mishra"},{"last_name":"Talwar","first_name":"Ishita","full_name":"Talwar, Ishita"},{"last_name":"Yadav","full_name":"Yadav, Anuradha","first_name":"Anuradha"},{"last_name":"Biswas","first_name":"Shiona","full_name":"Biswas, Shiona"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2279-1061","full_name":"Hippenmeyer, Simon","first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Hippenmeyer","id":"37B36620-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Tole","first_name":"Shubha","full_name":"Tole, Shubha"}],"oa":1,"date_published":"2025-03-14T00:00:00Z","day":"14","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"In the developing vertebrate central nervous system, neurons and glia typically arise\r\nsequentially from common progenitors. Here, we report that the transcription factor Forkhead\r\nBox G1 (Foxg1) regulates gliogenesis in the mouse neocortex via distinct cell-autonomous roles in progenitors and postmitotic neurons that regulate different aspects of the gliogenic FGF signalling pathway. We demonstrate that loss of Foxg1 in cortical progenitors at neurogenic stages causes premature astrogliogenesis. We identify a novel FOXG1 target, the pro-gliogenic FGF pathway component Fgfr3, which is suppressed by FOXG1 cell-autonomously to maintain neurogenesis. Furthermore, FOXG1 can also suppress premature astrogliogenesis triggered by the augmentation of FGF signalling. We identify a second novel function of FOXG1 in regulating the expression of gliogenic cues in newborn neocortical upper-layer neurons. Loss of FOXG1 in postmitotic neurons non-autonomously enhances gliogenesis in the progenitors via FGF signalling. These results fit well with the model that newborn neurons secrete cues that trigger progenitors to produce the next wave of cell types, astrocytes. If FGF signalling is attenuated in Foxg1 null progenitors, they progress to oligodendrocyte production. Therefore, loss of FOXG1 transitions the progenitor to a gliogenic state, producing either astrocytes or oligodendrocytes depending on FGF signalling levels. Our results uncover how FOXG1 integrates extrinsic signalling via the FGF pathway to regulate the sequential generation of neurons, astrocytes, and oligodendrocytes in the cerebral cortex. "}],"article_processing_charge":"Yes","file":[{"checksum":"64a6a6f86e24b21fe72c7a7fd6056fed","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","file_id":"19467","date_created":"2025-04-03T11:19:26Z","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","success":1,"file_name":"2025_eLife_Bose.pdf","date_updated":"2025-04-03T11:19:26Z","file_size":17462771}],"publisher":"eLife Sciences Publications","citation":{"chicago":"Bose, Mahima, Varun Suresh, Urvi Mishra, Ishita Talwar, Anuradha Yadav, Shiona Biswas, Simon Hippenmeyer, and Shubha Tole. “Dual Role of FOXG1 in Regulating Gliogenesis in the Developing Neocortex via the FGF Signalling Pathway.” <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.101851.3\">https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.101851.3</a>.","apa":"Bose, M., Suresh, V., Mishra, U., Talwar, I., Yadav, A., Biswas, S., … Tole, S. (2025). Dual role of FOXG1 in regulating gliogenesis in the developing neocortex via the FGF signalling pathway. <i>ELife</i>. eLife Sciences Publications. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.101851.3\">https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.101851.3</a>","ieee":"M. Bose <i>et al.</i>, “Dual role of FOXG1 in regulating gliogenesis in the developing neocortex via the FGF signalling pathway,” <i>eLife</i>, vol. 13. eLife Sciences Publications, 2025.","ista":"Bose M, Suresh V, Mishra U, Talwar I, Yadav A, Biswas S, Hippenmeyer S, Tole S. 2025. Dual role of FOXG1 in regulating gliogenesis in the developing neocortex via the FGF signalling pathway. eLife. 13, 101851.","mla":"Bose, Mahima, et al. “Dual Role of FOXG1 in Regulating Gliogenesis in the Developing Neocortex via the FGF Signalling Pathway.” <i>ELife</i>, vol. 13, 101851, eLife Sciences Publications, 2025, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.101851.3\">10.7554/elife.101851.3</a>.","ama":"Bose M, Suresh V, Mishra U, et al. Dual role of FOXG1 in regulating gliogenesis in the developing neocortex via the FGF signalling pathway. <i>eLife</i>. 2025;13. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.101851.3\">10.7554/elife.101851.3</a>","short":"M. Bose, V. Suresh, U. Mishra, I. Talwar, A. Yadav, S. Biswas, S. Hippenmeyer, S. Tole, ELife 13 (2025)."},"ddc":["570"],"file_date_updated":"2025-04-03T11:19:26Z","external_id":{"pmid":["40085500"]},"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2050-084X"]},"year":"2025","date_created":"2023-12-06T13:07:01Z","intvolume":"        13","has_accepted_license":"1","pmid":1,"title":"Dual role of FOXG1 in regulating gliogenesis in the developing neocortex via the FGF signalling pathway","scopus_import":"1","department":[{"_id":"SiHi"}],"type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publication":"eLife","article_number":"101851","quality_controlled":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"14647","oa_version":"Published Version","month":"03","publication_status":"published","volume":13,"OA_type":"gold","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"status":"public","date_updated":"2025-05-14T11:41:52Z"},{"file_date_updated":"2025-06-04T05:43:27Z","ddc":["570"],"publisher":"Elsevier","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","file":[{"relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"a83a4cb58f5941096d3ad91ca0172594","file_id":"19790","date_created":"2025-06-04T05:43:27Z","success":1,"creator":"dernst","file_name":"2025_DevelopmentalCell_Jaeger.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","date_updated":"2025-06-04T05:43:27Z","file_size":11936258}],"citation":{"ieee":"E. C. B. Jaeger <i>et al.</i>, “Adeno-associated viral tools to trace neural development and connectivity across amphibians,” <i>Developmental Cell</i>, vol. 60, no. 5. Elsevier, p. 794–812.e6, 2025.","ista":"Jaeger ECB, Vijatovic D, Deryckere A, Zorin N, Nguyen AL, Ivanian G, Woych J, Arnold RC, Ortega Gurrola A, Shvartsman A, Barbieri F, Toma F-A, Gorbsky GJ, Horb ME, Cline HT, Shay TF, Kelley DB, Yamaguchi A, Shein-Idelson M, Tosches MA, Sweeney LB. 2025. Adeno-associated viral tools to trace neural development and connectivity across amphibians. Developmental Cell. 60(5), 794–812.e6.","apa":"Jaeger, E. C. B., Vijatovic, D., Deryckere, A., Zorin, N., Nguyen, A. L., Ivanian, G., … Sweeney, L. B. (2025). Adeno-associated viral tools to trace neural development and connectivity across amphibians. <i>Developmental Cell</i>. Elsevier. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025</a>","chicago":"Jaeger, Eliza C.B., David Vijatovic, Astrid Deryckere, Nikol Zorin, Akemi L. Nguyen, Georgiy Ivanian, Jamie Woych, et al. “Adeno-Associated Viral Tools to Trace Neural Development and Connectivity across Amphibians.” <i>Developmental Cell</i>. Elsevier, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025\">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025</a>.","short":"E.C.B. Jaeger, D. Vijatovic, A. Deryckere, N. Zorin, A.L. Nguyen, G. Ivanian, J. Woych, R.C. Arnold, A. Ortega Gurrola, A. Shvartsman, F. Barbieri, F.-A. Toma, G.J. Gorbsky, M.E. Horb, H.T. Cline, T.F. Shay, D.B. Kelley, A. Yamaguchi, M. Shein-Idelson, M.A. Tosches, L.B. Sweeney, Developmental Cell 60 (2025) 794–812.e6.","ama":"Jaeger ECB, Vijatovic D, Deryckere A, et al. Adeno-associated viral tools to trace neural development and connectivity across amphibians. <i>Developmental Cell</i>. 2025;60(5):794-812.e6. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025\">10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025</a>","mla":"Jaeger, Eliza C. B., et al. “Adeno-Associated Viral Tools to Trace Neural Development and Connectivity across Amphibians.” <i>Developmental Cell</i>, vol. 60, no. 5, Elsevier, 2025, p. 794–812.e6, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025\">10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025</a>."},"has_accepted_license":"1","title":"Adeno-associated viral tools to trace neural development and connectivity across amphibians","pmid":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1534-5807"],"eissn":["1878-1551"]},"external_id":{"pmid":["39603234"],"isi":["001444798600001"]},"intvolume":"        60","year":"2025","date_created":"2024-02-20T09:20:32Z","issue":"5","acknowledgement":"We thank members of the Sweeney, Tosches, Shein-Idelson, Yamaguchi, Kelley, and Cline Labs for their contributions to this project, discussion, and support. We additionally thank the Beckman Institute CLOVER Center and Viviana Gradinaru (Caltech), Kimberly Ritola (UNC NeuroTools), and Flavia Gomez-Leite (ISTA Viral Core) for AAV production and consultation; Andras Simon and Alberto Joven (Karolinska Institute) for feedback; Elizabeth Bagnato-Cohen (Columbia) for project coordination; our animal care and imaging facilities; the amphibian stock centers (NXR, EXRC, and XenopusExpress); and our funding sources: NSF IOS 2110086 (D.B.K., L.B.S., M.A.T., A.Y., and H.T.C.); US-Israel Binational Science Foundation (BSF) 2020702 (M.S.-I.); FTI Strategy Lower Austria Dissertation FT121-D-046 (D.V.); Horizon Europe ERC Starting Grant 101041551 and Special Research Programme (SFB) of the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) project F7814-B (L.B.S.); NIH grant R35GM146973, Rita Allen Foundation Award GA_032522_FE, and CZI Ben Barres Early Career Acceleration Award 2023-331758 (M.A.T.); EMBO Long-Term Fellowship ALTF 874-2021 (A.D.); and NSF GRFP DGE 2036197 (E.C.B.J.).","article_type":"original","doi":"10.1016/j.devcel.2024.10.025","day":"10","abstract":[{"text":"Amphibians, by virtue of their phylogenetic position, provide invaluable insights on nervous system evolution, development, and remodeling. The genetic toolkit for amphibians, however, remains limited. Recombinant adeno-associated viral vectors (AAVs) are a powerful alternative to transgenesis for labeling and manipulating neurons. Although successful in mammals, AAVs have never been shown to transduce amphibian cells efficiently. We screened AAVs in three amphibian species—the frogs Xenopus laevis and Pelophylax bedriagae and the salamander Pleurodeles waltl—and identified at least two AAV serotypes per species that transduce neurons. In developing amphibians, AAVs labeled groups of neurons generated at the same time during development. In the mature brain, AAVrg retrogradely traced long-range projections. Our study introduces AAVs as a tool for amphibian research, establishes a generalizable workflow for AAV screening in new species, and expands opportunities for cross-species comparisons of nervous system development, function, and evolution.","lang":"eng"}],"oa":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Eliza C.B.","full_name":"Jaeger, Eliza C.B.","last_name":"Jaeger"},{"last_name":"Vijatovic","id":"cf391e77-ec3c-11ea-a124-d69323410b58","full_name":"Vijatovic, David","first_name":"David"},{"last_name":"Deryckere","first_name":"Astrid","full_name":"Deryckere, Astrid"},{"full_name":"Zorin, Nikol","first_name":"Nikol","last_name":"Zorin"},{"last_name":"Nguyen","full_name":"Nguyen, Akemi L.","first_name":"Akemi L."},{"full_name":"Ivanian, Georgiy","first_name":"Georgiy","last_name":"Ivanian","id":"eaf2b366-cfd1-11ee-bbdf-c8790f800a05"},{"full_name":"Woych, Jamie","first_name":"Jamie","last_name":"Woych"},{"last_name":"Arnold","id":"d6cce458-14c9-11ed-a755-c1c8fc6fde6f","first_name":"Rebecca C","full_name":"Arnold, Rebecca C"},{"last_name":"Ortega Gurrola","first_name":"Alonso","full_name":"Ortega Gurrola, Alonso"},{"last_name":"Shvartsman","full_name":"Shvartsman, Arik","first_name":"Arik"},{"full_name":"Barbieri, Francesca","first_name":"Francesca","last_name":"Barbieri","id":"a9492887-8972-11ed-ae7b-bfae10998254"},{"full_name":"Toma, Florina-Alexandra","first_name":"Florina-Alexandra","last_name":"Toma","id":"85dd99f2-15b2-11ec-abd3-d1ae4d57f3b5"},{"first_name":"Gary J.","full_name":"Gorbsky, Gary J.","last_name":"Gorbsky"},{"last_name":"Horb","full_name":"Horb, Marko E.","first_name":"Marko E."},{"last_name":"Cline","first_name":"Hollis T.","full_name":"Cline, Hollis T."},{"first_name":"Timothy F.","full_name":"Shay, Timothy F.","last_name":"Shay"},{"first_name":"Darcy B.","full_name":"Kelley, Darcy B.","last_name":"Kelley"},{"last_name":"Yamaguchi","full_name":"Yamaguchi, Ayako","first_name":"Ayako"},{"first_name":"Mark","full_name":"Shein-Idelson, Mark","last_name":"Shein-Idelson"},{"last_name":"Tosches","first_name":"Maria Antonietta","full_name":"Tosches, Maria Antonietta"},{"id":"56BE8254-C4F0-11E9-8E45-0B23E6697425","last_name":"Sweeney","first_name":"Lora Beatrice Jaeger","full_name":"Sweeney, Lora Beatrice Jaeger","orcid":"0000-0001-9242-5601"}],"date_published":"2025-03-10T00:00:00Z","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"PreCl"},{"_id":"Bio"}],"_id":"15016","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","page":"794-812.e6","oa_version":"Published Version","quality_controlled":"1","tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"status":"public","date_updated":"2025-09-30T10:00:55Z","publication_status":"published","volume":60,"month":"03","isi":1,"OA_type":"hybrid","department":[{"_id":"LoSw"},{"_id":"MaDe"},{"_id":"GaNo"}],"OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1","project":[{"grant_number":"FTI21-D-046","name":"Development of V1 interneuron diversity during swim-to-walk transition of Xenopus metamorphosis","_id":"bd73af52-d553-11ed-ba76-912049f0ac7a"},{"_id":"ebb66355-77a9-11ec-83b8-b8ac210a4dae","name":"Development and Evolution of Tetrapod Motor Circuits","grant_number":"101041551"},{"_id":"8da85f50-16d5-11f0-9cad-eab8b0ff6c9e","name":"Stem Cell Modulation in Neural Development and Regeneration/ P14-Swim-to-limb transition: cell type to connection diversity","grant_number":"F7814"}],"publication":"Developmental Cell","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]},{"publication":"Mathematical Programming","project":[{"_id":"bd9ca328-d553-11ed-ba76-dc4f890cfe62","name":"The design and evaluation of modern fully dynamic data structures","grant_number":"101019564","call_identifier":"H2020"},{"grant_number":"P33775","_id":"bd9e3a2e-d553-11ed-ba76-8aa684ce17fe","name":"Fast Algorithms for a Reactive Network Layer"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"OA_place":"repository","type":"journal_article","department":[{"_id":"MoHe"}],"ec_funded":1,"corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1","status":"public","date_updated":"2025-09-09T12:39:58Z","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2301.09217"}],"OA_type":"green","month":"03","volume":210,"publication_status":"published","isi":1,"_id":"15121","oa_version":"Preprint","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","page":"881-894","quality_controlled":"1","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"13236","relation":"earlier_version"}]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present an auction algorithm using multiplicative instead of constant weight updates to compute a (1-E)-approximate maximum weight matching (MWM) in a bipartite graph with n vertices and m edges in time 0(mE-1), beating the running time of the fastest known approximation algorithm of Duan and Pettie [JACM ’14] that runs in 0(mE-1 log E-1). Our algorithm is very simple and it can be extended to give a dynamic data structure that maintains a (1-E)-approximate maximum weight matching under (1) one-sided vertex deletions (with incident edges) and (2) one-sided vertex insertions (with incident edges sorted by weight) to the other side. The total time time used is 0(mE-1), where m is the sum of the number of initially existing and inserted edges."}],"day":"01","date_published":"2025-03-01T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"author":[{"last_name":"Zheng","first_name":"Da Wei","full_name":"Zheng, Da Wei"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-5008-6530","full_name":"Henzinger, Monika H","first_name":"Monika H","last_name":"Henzinger","id":"540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630"}],"arxiv":1,"article_type":"original","acknowledgement":"The first author thanks Chandra Chekuri for useful discussions about this paper. This work was done in part at the University of Vienna. This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (Grant agreement No. 101019564 “The Design of Modern Fully Dynamic Data Structures (MoDynStruct)” and from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) project “Fast Algorithms for a Reactive Network Layer (ReactNet)”, P 33775-N, with additional funding from the netidee SCIENCE Stiftung, 2020–2024.","doi":"10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3","title":"Multiplicative auction algorithm for approximate maximum weight bipartite matching","intvolume":"       210","year":"2025","date_created":"2024-03-17T23:00:58Z","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0025-5610"],"eissn":["1436-4646"]},"external_id":{"arxiv":["2301.09217"],"isi":["001176048100003"]},"citation":{"mla":"Zheng, Da Wei, and Monika Henzinger. “Multiplicative Auction Algorithm for Approximate Maximum Weight Bipartite Matching.” <i>Mathematical Programming</i>, vol. 210, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 881–94, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3\">10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3</a>.","ama":"Zheng DW, Henzinger M. Multiplicative auction algorithm for approximate maximum weight bipartite matching. <i>Mathematical Programming</i>. 2025;210:881-894. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3\">10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3</a>","short":"D.W. Zheng, M. Henzinger, Mathematical Programming 210 (2025) 881–894.","chicago":"Zheng, Da Wei, and Monika Henzinger. “Multiplicative Auction Algorithm for Approximate Maximum Weight Bipartite Matching.” <i>Mathematical Programming</i>. Springer Nature, 2025. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3</a>.","apa":"Zheng, D. W., &#38; Henzinger, M. (2025). Multiplicative auction algorithm for approximate maximum weight bipartite matching. <i>Mathematical Programming</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s10107-024-02066-3</a>","ista":"Zheng DW, Henzinger M. 2025. Multiplicative auction algorithm for approximate maximum weight bipartite matching. Mathematical Programming. 210, 881–894.","ieee":"D. W. Zheng and M. Henzinger, “Multiplicative auction algorithm for approximate maximum weight bipartite matching,” <i>Mathematical Programming</i>, vol. 210. Springer Nature, pp. 881–894, 2025."},"article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Springer Nature"}]