[{"type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The first generation of stars, known as population III (Pop III), formed from primordial gas consisting solely of hydrogen and helium and is believed to have emerged only a few hundred million years after the Big Bang. Detecting the chemical enrichment of metal-poor circumgalactic gas offers a promising way to trace the enrichment signature of Pop III stars. Along the sight line to the quasar SDSS J0100+2802, a metal absorber at z = 5.945, showing over-abundant carbon and silicon compared with solar, has been reported to be consistent with the enrichment pattern of Pop III stars. Here, using data recorded by the James Webb Space Telescope, we report the discovery of an unusually metal-poor galaxy overdensity of 17 members (mean metallicity ~3% of solar) near this metal absorber, which is ~0.4 dex more metal-poor than coeval galaxies in similarly overdense environments. This less chemically evolved system may have provided favourable conditions for preserving the absorption signatures of Pop III enrichment. We infer a minimum dark matter halo mass of log(Mh,min/M⊙) = 10.68+0.93 −1.72, supporting late-time Pop III formation at the outskirts of atomic hydrogen cooling haloes. Our findings open a promising observational pathway to identifying the chemical imprints of the first stars and constrain the conditions for their formation."}],"quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","scopus_import":"1","dataavailabilitystatement":"This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST, associated with the programmes GO-1243 and GO-2078, and the Very Large Telescope associated with ESO programmes X-shooter 0100.A-0625, 0102.A-0154, 1103.A-0817 and 096.A-0095. The JWST data are available via the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at http://archive.stsci.edu under JWST programmes GO-2078 (ref. 127) and GO-1243 (ref. 128). The metal absorber catalogue of XQR-30 is available via GitHub at https://github.com/XQR-30/Metal-catalogue. The [O III] emitter catalogue from the EIGER survey is available via GitHub at https://eiger-jwst.github.io/data.html. Other data presented in this paper are available upon request to the corresponding author.","OA_type":"closed access","date_updated":"2026-10-14T06:42:17Z","author":[{"full_name":"Li, Zihao","first_name":"Zihao","last_name":"Li"},{"last_name":"Kakiichi","first_name":"Koki","full_name":"Kakiichi, Koki"},{"first_name":"Lise","last_name":"Christensen","full_name":"Christensen, Lise"},{"first_name":"Zheng","last_name":"Cai","full_name":"Cai, Zheng"},{"first_name":"Valentina","last_name":"D’Odorico","full_name":"D’Odorico, Valentina"},{"last_name":"Matthee","first_name":"Jorryt J","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X"},{"first_name":"Daichi","last_name":"Kashino","full_name":"Kashino, Daichi"},{"first_name":"Rongmon","last_name":"Bordoloi","full_name":"Bordoloi, Rongmon"},{"full_name":"Mackenzie, Ruari","first_name":"Ruari","last_name":"Mackenzie"},{"full_name":"Berg, Trystyn A.M.","first_name":"Trystyn A.M.","last_name":"Berg"},{"last_name":"Vanni","first_name":"Irene","full_name":"Vanni, Irene"},{"full_name":"Salvadori, Stefania","last_name":"Salvadori","first_name":"Stefania"},{"last_name":"Venditti","first_name":"Alessandra","full_name":"Venditti, Alessandra"},{"first_name":"Shiwu","last_name":"Zhang","full_name":"Zhang, Shiwu"},{"last_name":"Bosman","first_name":"Sarah E.I.","full_name":"Bosman, Sarah E.I."},{"last_name":"Bañados","first_name":"Eduardo","full_name":"Bañados, Eduardo"},{"full_name":"Davies, Frederick B.","first_name":"Frederick B.","last_name":"Davies"},{"last_name":"Fan","first_name":"Xiaohui","full_name":"Fan, Xiaohui"},{"full_name":"Jun, Hyunsung D.","last_name":"Jun","first_name":"Hyunsung D."},{"first_name":"Xiangyu","last_name":"Jin","full_name":"Jin, Xiangyu"},{"full_name":"Li, Mingyu","first_name":"Mingyu","last_name":"Li"},{"first_name":"Sofía","last_name":"Rojas-Ruiz","full_name":"Rojas-Ruiz, Sofía"},{"full_name":"Wang, Feige","last_name":"Wang","first_name":"Feige"},{"last_name":"Yang","first_name":"Jinyi","full_name":"Yang, Jinyi"},{"first_name":"Siwei","last_name":"Zou","full_name":"Zou, Siwei"},{"full_name":"Zhang, Huanian","first_name":"Huanian","last_name":"Zhang"},{"full_name":"Zhu, Yongda","first_name":"Yongda","last_name":"Zhu"}],"acknowledgement":"This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST, associated with the programmes GO-1243 and GO-2078, and the Very Large Telescope, associated with ESO programmes X-shooter 0100.A-0625, 0102.A-0154, 1103.A-0817 and 096.A-0095. We acknowledge the University of Copenhagen for giving this project access to the LUMI supercomputer owned by the EuroHPC Joint Undertaking and hosted by CSC (Finland) and the LUMI consortium through Denmark. Z.L. thanks Y. Ren for helpful discussions. We thank O. Zier, A. Smith, R. Kannan and E. Garaldi for helpful discussions about the THESAN-ZOOM simulation. Z.L. acknowledges the fellowship from the Cosmic Dawn Center, which is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant no. 140. K.K. acknowledges support from the Villum Foundation (71574). L.C. is supported by DFF/Independent Research Fund Denmark (2032-00071). V.D. acknowledges financial support from the Bando Ricerca Fondamentale INAF 2022 Large Grant XQR-30. A.V. acknowledges funding from the Cosmic Frontier Center and the University of Texas at Austin’s College of Natural Sciences. S. Zou acknowledges support from the Chinese Academy of Sciences (E5295401).","publication_status":"epub_ahead","publication":"Nature Astronomy","date_created":"2026-10-11T22:02:07Z","year":"2026","citation":{"ama":"Li Z, Kakiichi K, Christensen L, et al. First-star imprints in a metal-poor galaxy overdensity near the end of reionization. <i>Nature Astronomy</i>. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5\">10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5</a>","ieee":"Z. Li <i>et al.</i>, “First-star imprints in a metal-poor galaxy overdensity near the end of reionization,” <i>Nature Astronomy</i>. Springer Nature, 2026.","ista":"Li Z, Kakiichi K, Christensen L, Cai Z, D’Odorico V, Matthee JJ, Kashino D, Bordoloi R, Mackenzie R, Berg TAM, Vanni I, Salvadori S, Venditti A, Zhang S, Bosman SEI, Bañados E, Davies FB, Fan X, Jun HD, Jin X, Li M, Rojas-Ruiz S, Wang F, Yang J, Zou S, Zhang H, Zhu Y. 2026. First-star imprints in a metal-poor galaxy overdensity near the end of reionization. Nature Astronomy.","short":"Z. Li, K. Kakiichi, L. Christensen, Z. Cai, V. D’Odorico, J.J. Matthee, D. Kashino, R. Bordoloi, R. Mackenzie, T.A.M. Berg, I. Vanni, S. Salvadori, A. Venditti, S. Zhang, S.E.I. Bosman, E. Bañados, F.B. Davies, X. Fan, H.D. Jun, X. Jin, M. Li, S. Rojas-Ruiz, F. Wang, J. Yang, S. Zou, H. Zhang, Y. Zhu, Nature Astronomy (2026).","apa":"Li, Z., Kakiichi, K., Christensen, L., Cai, Z., D’Odorico, V., Matthee, J. J., … Zhu, Y. (2026). First-star imprints in a metal-poor galaxy overdensity near the end of reionization. <i>Nature Astronomy</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5</a>","mla":"Li, Zihao, et al. “First-Star Imprints in a Metal-Poor Galaxy Overdensity near the End of Reionization.” <i>Nature Astronomy</i>, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5\">10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5</a>.","chicago":"Li, Zihao, Koki Kakiichi, Lise Christensen, Zheng Cai, Valentina D’Odorico, Jorryt J Matthee, Daichi Kashino, et al. “First-Star Imprints in a Metal-Poor Galaxy Overdensity near the End of Reionization.” <i>Nature Astronomy</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5</a>."},"oa_version":"None","publisher":"Springer Nature","month":"09","date_published":"2026-09-29T00:00:00Z","_id":"23096","title":"First-star imprints in a metal-poor galaxy overdensity near the end of reionization","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"supplementarymaterial":"yes","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5","day":"29","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2397-3366"]},"researchdata_availability":"yes","doi":"10.1038/s41550-026-02993-5","das_tickbox":"1","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"No"},{"issue":"4","corr_author":"1","researchdata_availability":"no","keyword":["correlated random matrix","eigenvalue perturbation theory","Local law","Wigner-type matrix"],"project":[{"grant_number":"101020331","name":"Random matrices beyond Wigner-Dyson-Mehta","call_identifier":"H2020","_id":"62796744-2b32-11ec-9570-940b20777f1d"}],"doi":"10.3150/26-bej1976","oa":1,"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.21472"}],"volume":32,"article_type":"original","external_id":{"arxiv":["2503.21472"]},"das_tickbox":"0","article_processing_charge":"No","_id":"23112","title":"Spectral independence of almost fully correlated random matrices","ec_funded":1,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","department":[{"_id":"LaEr"}],"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.3150/26-bej1976","supplementarymaterial":"no","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1350-7265"]},"page":"2999-3023","arxiv":1,"day":"01","acknowledgement":"The author is grateful to László Erdős and Giorgio Cipolloni for suggesting the project and fruitful discussions. The author was supported by the ERC Advanced Grant “RMTBeyond” No. 101020331.","intvolume":"        32","year":"2026","publication":"Bernoulli","date_created":"2026-10-12T12:04:45Z","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Preprint","citation":{"short":"O. Kolupaiev, Bernoulli 32 (2026) 2999–3023.","apa":"Kolupaiev, O. (2026). Spectral independence of almost fully correlated random matrices. <i>Bernoulli</i>. Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3150/26-bej1976\">https://doi.org/10.3150/26-bej1976</a>","chicago":"Kolupaiev, Oleksii. “Spectral Independence of Almost Fully Correlated Random Matrices.” <i>Bernoulli</i>. Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3150/26-bej1976\">https://doi.org/10.3150/26-bej1976</a>.","mla":"Kolupaiev, Oleksii. “Spectral Independence of Almost Fully Correlated Random Matrices.” <i>Bernoulli</i>, vol. 32, no. 4, Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability, 2026, pp. 2999–3023, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3150/26-bej1976\">10.3150/26-bej1976</a>.","ama":"Kolupaiev O. Spectral independence of almost fully correlated random matrices. <i>Bernoulli</i>. 2026;32(4):2999-3023. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3150/26-bej1976\">10.3150/26-bej1976</a>","ieee":"O. Kolupaiev, “Spectral independence of almost fully correlated random matrices,” <i>Bernoulli</i>, vol. 32, no. 4. Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability, pp. 2999–3023, 2026.","ista":"Kolupaiev O. 2026. Spectral independence of almost fully correlated random matrices. Bernoulli. 32(4), 2999–3023."},"month":"11","publisher":"Bernoulli Society for Mathematical Statistics and Probability","date_published":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","type":"journal_article","OA_place":"repository","abstract":[{"text":"We study the joint spectral properties of two coupled random matrices H(1) and H(2), which are either real symmetric or complex Hermitian. The entries of these matrices exhibit polynomially decaying correlations, both within each matrix and between them. Surprisingly, we find that under extremely weak decorrelation condition, permitting H(1) and H(2) to be almost fully correlated, the fluctuations of their individual eigenvalues in the bulk of the spectrum are still asymptotically independent. Furthermore, we demonstrate that this decorrelation condition is optimal.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","date_updated":"2026-10-14T07:34:08Z","OA_type":"green","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Kolupaiev, Oleksii","id":"149b70d4-896a-11ed-bdf8-8c63fd44ca61","last_name":"Kolupaiev","first_name":"Oleksii","orcid":"0000-0003-1491-4623"}]},{"_id":"23060","title":"International Council on Archives (ICA) Barcelona Congress 2025, 27-30 October 2025","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","department":[{"_id":"E-Lib"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["1012-0327"],"isbn":["9783702512187"]},"day":"01","page":"181-186","conference":{"location":"Barcelona, Spain","start_date":"2025-10-27","name":"ICA: International Council on Archives","end_date":"2025-10-30"},"corr_author":"1","file":[{"creator":"cziletti","checksum":"e6fa3953b73e1f900a52a525e82c0685","file_size":555357,"file_name":"Scrinium_Ziletti.pdf","date_created":"2026-10-12T09:48:09Z","file_id":"23106","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-10-12T09:48:09Z","success":1,"access_level":"open_access"}],"oa":1,"has_accepted_license":"1","volume":80,"article_type":"editorial","article_processing_charge":"No","type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","date_updated":"2026-10-14T06:56:51Z","OA_type":"free access","author":[{"first_name":"Chiara","last_name":"Ziletti","id":"D865714E-FA4E-11E9-B85B-F5C5E5697425","full_name":"Ziletti, Chiara"}],"intvolume":"        80","file_date_updated":"2026-10-12T09:48:09Z","year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-05T14:18:42Z","publication":"Scrinium","publication_status":"published","oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"ieee":"C. Ziletti, “International Council on Archives (ICA) Barcelona Congress 2025, 27-30 October 2025,” <i>Scrinium</i>, vol. 80. Anton Pustet Verlag, pp. 181–186, 2026.","ista":"Ziletti C. 2026. International Council on Archives (ICA) Barcelona Congress 2025, 27-30 October 2025. Scrinium. 80, 181–186.","ama":"Ziletti C. International Council on Archives (ICA) Barcelona Congress 2025, 27-30 October 2025. <i>Scrinium</i>. 2026;80:181-186.","chicago":"Ziletti, Chiara. “International Council on Archives (ICA) Barcelona Congress 2025, 27-30 October 2025.” <i>Scrinium</i>. Anton Pustet Verlag, 2026.","mla":"Ziletti, Chiara. “International Council on Archives (ICA) Barcelona Congress 2025, 27-30 October 2025.” <i>Scrinium</i>, vol. 80, Anton Pustet Verlag, 2026, pp. 181–86.","apa":"Ziletti, C. (2026). International Council on Archives (ICA) Barcelona Congress 2025, 27-30 October 2025. <i>Scrinium</i>. Barcelona, Spain: Anton Pustet Verlag.","short":"C. Ziletti, Scrinium 80 (2026) 181–186."},"month":"10","ddc":["020"],"publisher":"Anton Pustet Verlag","date_published":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z"},{"quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","author":[{"first_name":"Bartholomäus","last_name":"Pieber","id":"93e5e5b2-0da6-11ed-8a41-af589a024726","full_name":"Pieber, Bartholomäus","orcid":"0000-0001-8689-388X"},{"first_name":"Anne","last_name":"Nijs","full_name":"Nijs, Anne"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-14T07:43:31Z","OA_type":"free access","scopus_import":"1","publication":"European Journal of Organic Chemistry","year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-12T12:10:22Z","publication_status":"epub_ahead","article_number":"e70847","date_published":"2026-09-21T00:00:00Z","month":"09","publisher":"Wiley","oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"ieee":"B. Pieber and A. Nijs, “The EuChemS division of organic chemistry and EurJOC - partners in advancing organic chemistry,” <i>European Journal of Organic Chemistry</i>. Wiley, 2026.","ista":"Pieber B, Nijs A. 2026. The EuChemS division of organic chemistry and EurJOC - partners in advancing organic chemistry. European Journal of Organic Chemistry., e70847.","ama":"Pieber B, Nijs A. The EuChemS division of organic chemistry and EurJOC - partners in advancing organic chemistry. <i>European Journal of Organic Chemistry</i>. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70847\">10.1002/ejoc.70847</a>","mla":"Pieber, Bartholomäus, and Anne Nijs. “The EuChemS Division of Organic Chemistry and EurJOC - Partners in Advancing Organic Chemistry.” <i>European Journal of Organic Chemistry</i>, e70847, Wiley, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70847\">10.1002/ejoc.70847</a>.","chicago":"Pieber, Bartholomäus, and Anne Nijs. “The EuChemS Division of Organic Chemistry and EurJOC - Partners in Advancing Organic Chemistry.” <i>European Journal of Organic Chemistry</i>. Wiley, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70847\">https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70847</a>.","apa":"Pieber, B., &#38; Nijs, A. (2026). The EuChemS division of organic chemistry and EurJOC - partners in advancing organic chemistry. <i>European Journal of Organic Chemistry</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70847\">https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70847</a>","short":"B. Pieber, A. Nijs, European Journal of Organic Chemistry (2026)."},"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"The EuChemS division of organic chemistry and EurJOC - partners in advancing organic chemistry","_id":"23114","publication_identifier":{"issn":["1434-193X"],"eissn":["1099-0690"]},"day":"21","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70847","department":[{"_id":"BaPi"}],"oa":1,"doi":"10.1002/ejoc.70847","corr_author":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","article_type":"editorial","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1002/ejoc.70847","open_access":"1"}]},{"year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-12T13:57:47Z","publication":"Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society","publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"We would like to thank Huy Pham for insightful discussions about the proof approach, and wewould like to thank the anonymous referees for their careful reading and helpful comments. Bothauthors are supported by ERC Starting Grant “RANDSTRUCT” No. 101076777.Open Access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","article_number":"e70510","intvolume":"        58","file_date_updated":"2026-10-14T08:37:16Z","month":"10","ddc":["510"],"publisher":"Wiley","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/","date_published":"2026-10-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"short":"A. Grebennikov, M.A. Kwan, Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 58 (2026).","chicago":"Grebennikov, Aleksandr, and Matthew Alan Kwan. “No‐(K+1)‐in‐line Problem for Large Constant K.” <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>. Wiley, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70510\">https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70510</a>.","mla":"Grebennikov, Aleksandr, and Matthew Alan Kwan. “No‐(K+1)‐in‐line Problem for Large Constant K.” <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 58, no. 10, e70510, Wiley, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70510\">10.1112/blms.70510</a>.","apa":"Grebennikov, A., &#38; Kwan, M. A. (2026). No‐(k+1)‐in‐line problem for large constant k. <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>. Wiley. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70510\">https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70510</a>","ista":"Grebennikov A, Kwan MA. 2026. No‐(k+1)‐in‐line problem for large constant k. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society. 58(10), e70510.","ieee":"A. Grebennikov and M. A. Kwan, “No‐(k+1)‐in‐line problem for large constant k,” <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>, vol. 58, no. 10. Wiley, 2026.","ama":"Grebennikov A, Kwan MA. No‐(k+1)‐in‐line problem for large constant k. <i>Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society</i>. 2026;58(10). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70510\">10.1112/blms.70510</a>"},"oa_version":"Published Version","PlanS_conform":"1","status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","abstract":[{"text":"How many points can be placed in an 𝑛 × 𝑛 grid sothat every (affine) line contains at most 𝑘 points? Weprove that for 𝑛 ⩾ 𝑘 ⩾ 1037 the maximum number ofpoints is exactly 𝑘𝑛. Our proof builds on the recent workof Kovács, Nagy and Szabó (who proved an analogousresult when 𝑘 is at least about √𝑛 log 𝑛), incorporat-ing ideas of Jain and Pham. Using the same approach,we also obtain new bounds for higher-dimensionalextensions of this problem","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Grebennikov, Aleksandr","id":"776468ec-50b0-11ef-861e-96ad19e894f3","last_name":"Grebennikov","first_name":"Aleksandr"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-4003-7567","last_name":"Kwan","first_name":"Matthew Alan","full_name":"Kwan, Matthew Alan","id":"5fca0887-a1db-11eb-95d1-ca9d5e0453b3"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-14T08:41:00Z","scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"hybrid","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"file":[{"file_id":"23139","date_created":"2026-10-14T08:37:16Z","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","checksum":"cce830e3fc66174803b91103f5b88a29","file_name":"2026_BulletinLondonMathSoc_Grebennikov.pdf","file_size":284851,"access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2026-10-14T08:37:16Z","relation":"main_file","success":1}],"researchdata_availability":"no","mathsc":["05D40","52C10","52C35"],"oa":1,"project":[{"_id":"bd95085b-d553-11ed-ba76-e55d3349be45","grant_number":"101076777","name":"Randomness and structure in combinatorics"}],"doi":"10.1112/blms.70510","issue":"10","corr_author":"1","article_type":"original","das_tickbox":"0","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","volume":58,"has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"23123","title":"No‐(k+1)‐in‐line problem for large constant k","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0024-6093"],"eissn":["1469-2120"]},"day":"01","department":[{"_id":"MaKw"},{"_id":"GradSch"}],"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70510","supplementarymaterial":"no"},{"article_number":"evag259","year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-12T13:56:46Z","publication":"Genome Biology and Evolution","publication_status":"epub_ahead","citation":{"chicago":"Ruzicka, Filip, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Is Faster-X Adaptation Due to Large-Effect Mutations? An Empirical Test of a New Theory.” <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259\">https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259</a>.","mla":"Ruzicka, Filip, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Is Faster-X Adaptation Due to Large-Effect Mutations? An Empirical Test of a New Theory.” <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>, evag259, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259\">10.1093/gbe/evag259</a>.","apa":"Ruzicka, F., &#38; Vicoso, B. (2026). Is faster-X adaptation due to large-effect mutations? An empirical test of a new theory. <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259\">https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259</a>","short":"F. Ruzicka, B. Vicoso, Genome Biology and Evolution (2026).","ieee":"F. Ruzicka and B. Vicoso, “Is faster-X adaptation due to large-effect mutations? An empirical test of a new theory,” <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026.","ista":"Ruzicka F, Vicoso B. 2026. Is faster-X adaptation due to large-effect mutations? An empirical test of a new theory. Genome Biology and Evolution., evag259.","ama":"Ruzicka F, Vicoso B. Is faster-X adaptation due to large-effect mutations? An empirical test of a new theory. <i>Genome Biology and Evolution</i>. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259\">10.1093/gbe/evag259</a>"},"oa_version":"Published Version","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/","date_published":"2026-10-10T00:00:00Z","month":"10","ddc":["570"],"publisher":"Oxford University Press","abstract":[{"text":"A widespread observation in molecular evolution is that X-linked genes evolve faster—and often adapt faster—than autosomal genes. Three main ideas have been put forward to explain “faster-X” adaptation. The first is that new beneficial mutations are typically partially recessive with respect to fitness, leading to more efficient selection in hemizygous males. The second is that sex differences in recombination, or sex differences in variance in reproductive success, enhance the effective population size on the X chromosome relative to autosomes. Both ideas have limitations: the first conflicts with theories of dominance, in which beneficial mutations are proposed to be partially dominant, while the second only applies to some taxa. Here we tested a third, newly-proposed theory, in which mutations with large “scaled phenotypic effects” (i.e., large effects relative to the distance to a phenotypic optimum) experience more positive selection on the X. Specifically, we used three proxies for scaled phenotypic effects—amino-acid dissimilarity, amino-acid conservation, and gene age—and estimated X and autosomal rates of adaptation of nonsynonymous mutations across effect-size classes. We did this in three lineages with a well-documented faster-X: Drosophila melanogaster, Mus musculus, and Homo sapiens. As expected, we found that large-effect mutations were more likely to be under purifying selection and less likely to be under positive selection than small-effect mutations. However, contrary to the new theory, faster-X adaptation was not enriched among large-effect mutations. Overall, our results highlight an unresolved gap between patterns of sex chromosome evolution and theories of dominance for fitness.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","date_updated":"2026-10-14T08:17:09Z","scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"gold","DOAJ_listed":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Ruzicka, Filip","id":"347955dd-57b0-11ee-9095-c28bdd368f4b","last_name":"Ruzicka","first_name":"Filip"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-4579-8306","id":"49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Vicoso, Beatriz","first_name":"Beatriz","last_name":"Vicoso"}],"corr_author":"1","keyword":["evolutionary biology","population genetics","sex chromosomes","adaptation","genetic divergence","McDonald-Kreitman test","Fisher’s geometric model"],"oa":1,"doi":"10.1093/gbe/evag259","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","external_id":{"biorxivid":["10.64898/2026.02.06.704462"]},"article_type":"original","biorxivid":1,"title":"Is faster-X adaptation due to large-effect mutations? An empirical test of a new theory","_id":"23121","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/gbe/evag259","department":[{"_id":"BeVi"}],"day":"10","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1759-6653"]}},{"day":"15","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1460-2431"],"issn":["0022-0957"]},"page":"2418-2428","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag042","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Grafting reveals organ-autonomous and feedback roles of root phloem development in source–sink dynamics","_id":"23128","article_processing_charge":"Yes (in subscription journal)","article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["41606772"]},"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag042"}],"volume":77,"doi":"10.1093/jxb/erag042","oa":1,"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by_nc.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC (4.0)"},"issue":"8","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-2708-5545","id":"0c51b9f5-90c8-11f1-b4ef-9ad5d3d9a34a","full_name":"Bartusch, Kai","first_name":"Kai","last_name":"Bartusch"},{"first_name":"Tina B","last_name":"Schreier","full_name":"Schreier, Tina B"},{"full_name":"Fischer-Stettler, Michaela","last_name":"Fischer-Stettler","first_name":"Michaela"},{"full_name":"Zeeman, Samuel C","first_name":"Samuel C","last_name":"Zeeman"},{"first_name":"Elisabeth","last_name":"Truernit","full_name":"Truernit, Elisabeth"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-14T09:01:45Z","OA_type":"hybrid","scopus_import":"1","quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","abstract":[{"text":"Carbon fixed in source leaves is partitioned between local use and long-distance transport through the phloem to heterotrophic sinks such as roots. Here, we investigated how mild defects in sink phloem differentiation influence whole-plant growth using two Arabidopsis mutants: ops, which exhibits short roots with protophloem differentiation defects, and ops opl2, which displays even shorter roots with combined proto- and metaphloem differentiation defects. Carbon partitioning and phloem transport velocity were compromised in both mutants, with ops opl2 exhibiting stronger effects. Root growth responses to exogenous sucrose highlighted functional differences: only ops opl2 root growth was partially rescued, indicating additional limitations from compromised metaphloem function. Reciprocal grafting confirmed that root growth defects in both mutants are root autonomous. In contrast, source-limited starch mutants with short roots were rescued by sucrose supplementation or by grafting wild-type scions, highlighting that the growth limitation in the roots of phloem mutants is not solely due to carbon shortage. Impaired root phloem also restricted wild-type scion growth, revealing feedback from sink phloem integrity on source activity. Together, these findings show that sink phloem development supports sink function and mediates systemic feedback shaping whole-plant growth. Targeted modulation of sink phloem development could help optimize source–sink relations and improve crop performance.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","pmid":1,"date_published":"2026-04-15T00:00:00Z","month":"04","extern":"1","ddc":["580"],"publisher":"Oxford University Press","citation":{"mla":"Bartusch, Kai, et al. “Grafting Reveals Organ-Autonomous and Feedback Roles of Root Phloem Development in Source–Sink Dynamics.” <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>, vol. 77, no. 8, Oxford University Press, 2026, pp. 2418–28, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag042\">10.1093/jxb/erag042</a>.","chicago":"Bartusch, Kai, Tina B Schreier, Michaela Fischer-Stettler, Samuel C Zeeman, and Elisabeth Truernit. “Grafting Reveals Organ-Autonomous and Feedback Roles of Root Phloem Development in Source–Sink Dynamics.” <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag042\">https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag042</a>.","apa":"Bartusch, K., Schreier, T. B., Fischer-Stettler, M., Zeeman, S. C., &#38; Truernit, E. (2026). Grafting reveals organ-autonomous and feedback roles of root phloem development in source–sink dynamics. <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag042\">https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag042</a>","short":"K. Bartusch, T.B. Schreier, M. Fischer-Stettler, S.C. Zeeman, E. Truernit, Journal of Experimental Botany 77 (2026) 2418–2428.","ista":"Bartusch K, Schreier TB, Fischer-Stettler M, Zeeman SC, Truernit E. 2026. Grafting reveals organ-autonomous and feedback roles of root phloem development in source–sink dynamics. Journal of Experimental Botany. 77(8), 2418–2428.","ieee":"K. Bartusch, T. B. Schreier, M. Fischer-Stettler, S. C. Zeeman, and E. Truernit, “Grafting reveals organ-autonomous and feedback roles of root phloem development in source–sink dynamics,” <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>, vol. 77, no. 8. Oxford University Press, pp. 2418–2428, 2026.","ama":"Bartusch K, Schreier TB, Fischer-Stettler M, Zeeman SC, Truernit E. Grafting reveals organ-autonomous and feedback roles of root phloem development in source–sink dynamics. <i>Journal of Experimental Botany</i>. 2026;77(8):2418-2428. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/jxb/erag042\">10.1093/jxb/erag042</a>"},"oa_version":"Published Version","publication":"Journal of Experimental Botany","year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-13T11:14:46Z","publication_status":"published","intvolume":"        77"},{"edition":"2","doi":"10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33","external_id":{"pmid":["42681141"]},"alternative_title":["Methods in Molecular Biology"],"article_processing_charge":"No","place":"New York, NY","_id":"23126","title":"High-Throughput Hypocotyl Grafting and Vascular Reconnection Assessment in Arabidopsis Seedlings","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","series_title":"MIMB","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1940-6029"],"issn":["1064-3745"],"eisbn":["9781071654880"],"isbn":["9781071654873"]},"day":"03","page":"431-448","date_created":"2026-10-13T11:14:23Z","publication":"Phloem","year":"2026","publication_status":"published","editor":[{"full_name":"Liesche, Johannes","first_name":"Johannes","last_name":"Liesche"},{"first_name":"Sanna","last_name":"Sevanto","full_name":"Sevanto, Sanna"}],"oa_version":"None","citation":{"ama":"Bartusch K, Truernit E. High-Throughput Hypocotyl Grafting and Vascular Reconnection Assessment in Arabidopsis Seedlings. In: Liesche J, Sevanto S, eds. <i>Phloem</i>. 2nd ed. MIMB. New York, NY: Springer; 2026:431-448. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33\">10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33</a>","ieee":"K. Bartusch and E. Truernit, “High-Throughput Hypocotyl Grafting and Vascular Reconnection Assessment in Arabidopsis Seedlings,” in <i>Phloem</i>, 2nd ed., J. Liesche and S. Sevanto, Eds. New York, NY: Springer, 2026, pp. 431–448.","ista":"Bartusch K, Truernit E. 2026.High-Throughput Hypocotyl Grafting and Vascular Reconnection Assessment in Arabidopsis Seedlings. In: Phloem. Methods in Molecular Biology, , 431–448.","apa":"Bartusch, K., &#38; Truernit, E. (2026). High-Throughput Hypocotyl Grafting and Vascular Reconnection Assessment in Arabidopsis Seedlings. In J. Liesche &#38; S. Sevanto (Eds.), <i>Phloem</i> (2nd ed., pp. 431–448). New York, NY: Springer. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33</a>","mla":"Bartusch, Kai, and Elisabeth Truernit. “High-Throughput Hypocotyl Grafting and Vascular Reconnection Assessment in Arabidopsis Seedlings.” <i>Phloem</i>, edited by Johannes Liesche and Sanna Sevanto, 2nd ed., Springer, 2026, pp. 431–48, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33\">10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33</a>.","chicago":"Bartusch, Kai, and Elisabeth Truernit. “High-Throughput Hypocotyl Grafting and Vascular Reconnection Assessment in Arabidopsis Seedlings.” In <i>Phloem</i>, edited by Johannes Liesche and Sanna Sevanto, 2nd ed., 431–48. MIMB. New York, NY: Springer, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33\">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-1-0716-5488-0_33</a>.","short":"K. Bartusch, E. Truernit, in:, J. Liesche, S. Sevanto (Eds.), Phloem, 2nd ed., Springer, New York, NY, 2026, pp. 431–448."},"extern":"1","month":"09","publisher":"Springer","pmid":1,"date_published":"2026-09-03T00:00:00Z","type":"book_chapter","abstract":[{"text":"Plant grafting is a powerful tool in research and agriculture, enabling the study of long-distance signaling and improving crop performance. Hypocotyl grafting in Arabidopsis thaliana has become a key method for investigating inter-tissue communication, root-to-shoot transport, and vascular regeneration. Here, we describe a high-throughput hypocotyl grafting protocol that consistently achieves success rates above 90% while minimizing complications, such as adventitious root formation, through an optimized hypocotyl cutting position. Our streamlined approach eliminates the need for silicone tubes and fine forceps, requiring only a standard scalpel for the cutting and joining procedure. With proper training, an experienced user can graft up to 1000 plants per day, facilitating large-scale experiments. Additionally, we present vascular connectivity assays using fluorescent dyes and the adjuvant Adigor to enable phloem and xylem transport analysis across the graft junction without the need for wounding. By simplifying the grafting process while maintaining high efficiency, our protocol makes Arabidopsis grafting more accessible and scalable, facilitating research on long-distance molecular transport, vascular development, and plant biotechnology applications.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","date_updated":"2026-10-14T08:58:03Z","OA_type":"closed access","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-2708-5545","id":"0c51b9f5-90c8-11f1-b4ef-9ad5d3d9a34a","full_name":"Bartusch, Kai","first_name":"Kai","last_name":"Bartusch"},{"last_name":"Truernit","first_name":"Elisabeth","full_name":"Truernit, Elisabeth"}]},{"quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","PlanS_conform":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Among the set of hypersurfaces of degree d and dimension  defined by the vanishing\r\nof a homogeneous polynomial with coefficients in the set {−1, +1}, we investigate the\r\nprobability that a hypersurface contains a rational point as d and  tend to ∞.","lang":"eng"}],"OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","author":[{"full_name":"Browning, Timothy D","id":"35827D50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Browning","first_name":"Timothy D","orcid":"0000-0002-8314-0177"},{"first_name":"Will","last_name":"Sawin","full_name":"Sawin, Will"}],"OA_type":"hybrid","scopus_import":"1","date_updated":"2026-10-14T08:49:05Z","publication_status":"epub_ahead","year":"2026","publication":"The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics","date_created":"2026-10-12T13:58:16Z","acknowledgement":"The authors are very grateful to Pierre Le Boudec, whose contributions would have merited coauthorship. At his request, however, he is not listed as a co-author, since he has chosen to pursue\r\na career outside academia. T.B. was supported by a grant from the IAS School of Mathematics\r\nand a FWF grant (DOI 10.55776/P36278). W.S. was supported by NSF grant DMS-2502029 and\r\na Sloan Research Fellowship.","article_number":"haag037","date_published":"2026-10-06T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Oxford University Press","month":"10","ddc":["500"],"citation":{"ama":"Browning TD, Sawin W. Random diophantine equations of large degree. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics</i>. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haag037\">10.1093/qmath/haag037</a>","ieee":"T. D. Browning and W. Sawin, “Random diophantine equations of large degree,” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026.","ista":"Browning TD, Sawin W. 2026. Random diophantine equations of large degree. The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics., haag037.","short":"T.D. Browning, W. Sawin, The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics (2026).","apa":"Browning, T. D., &#38; Sawin, W. (2026). Random diophantine equations of large degree. <i>The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haag037\">https://doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haag037</a>","mla":"Browning, Timothy D., and Will Sawin. “Random Diophantine Equations of Large Degree.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics</i>, haag037, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haag037\">10.1093/qmath/haag037</a>.","chicago":"Browning, Timothy D, and Will Sawin. “Random Diophantine Equations of Large Degree.” <i>The Quarterly Journal of Mathematics</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haag037\">https://doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haag037</a>."},"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","title":"Random diophantine equations of large degree","_id":"23124","day":"06","arxiv":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0033-5606"],"eissn":["1464-3847"]},"supplementarymaterial":"no","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haag037","department":[{"_id":"TiBr"}],"doi":"10.1093/qmath/haag037","project":[{"name":"Rational curves via function field analytic number theory","grant_number":"P36278","_id":"bd8a4fdc-d553-11ed-ba76-80a0167441a3"}],"oa":1,"researchdata_availability":"no","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"corr_author":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes (via OA deal)","das_tickbox":"0","article_type":"original","external_id":{"arxiv":["2510.26191"]},"has_accepted_license":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1093/qmath/haag037","open_access":"1"}]},{"extern":"1","month":"03","publisher":"ETH Zürich","date_published":"2026-03-13T00:00:00Z","article_processing_charge":"No","doi_confirm":"1","oa_version":"None","citation":{"ieee":"K. Bartusch, “New molecular insights into phloem development and its role in plant growth,” ETH Zürich, 2026.","ista":"Bartusch K. 2026. New molecular insights into phloem development and its role in plant growth. ETH Zürich.","ama":"Bartusch K. New molecular insights into phloem development and its role in plant growth. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253\">10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253</a>","short":"K. Bartusch, New Molecular Insights into Phloem Development and Its Role in Plant Growth, ETH Zürich, 2026.","mla":"Bartusch, Kai. <i>New Molecular Insights into Phloem Development and Its Role in Plant Growth</i>. ETH Zürich, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253\">10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253</a>.","chicago":"Bartusch, Kai. “New Molecular Insights into Phloem Development and Its Role in Plant Growth.” ETH Zürich, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253\">https://doi.org/10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253</a>.","apa":"Bartusch, K. (2026). <i>New molecular insights into phloem development and its role in plant growth</i>. ETH Zürich. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253\">https://doi.org/10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253</a>"},"year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-13T11:14:35Z","doi":"10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253","publication_status":"published","author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-2708-5545","id":"0c51b9f5-90c8-11f1-b4ef-9ad5d3d9a34a","full_name":"Bartusch, Kai","first_name":"Kai","last_name":"Bartusch"}],"day":"13","date_updated":"2026-10-14T12:35:51Z","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.3929/ETHZ-C-000797253","OA_type":"closed access","degree_awarded":"PhD","status":"public","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","type":"dissertation","_id":"23127","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"New molecular insights into phloem development and its role in plant growth"},{"status":"public","type":"dissertation","OA_place":"publisher","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"15257"}]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"id":"e3736151-106c-11ec-b916-c2558e2762c6","full_name":"Teplova, Anastasiia","first_name":"Anastasiia","last_name":"Teplova"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-15T08:30:03Z","date_created":"2026-09-23T15:29:42Z","year":"2026","publication_status":"published","file_date_updated":"2026-09-25T09:25:56Z","month":"09","ddc":["570"],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","date_published":"2026-09-23T00:00:00Z","doi_confirm":"1","citation":{"ama":"Teplova A. Chasing the elusive: Investigating nucleotide cyclase activity in gibberellin and strigolactone signalling; Cellular mechanisms of gravity sensing and response in roots. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984</a>","ieee":"A. Teplova, “Chasing the elusive: Investigating nucleotide cyclase activity in gibberellin and strigolactone signalling; Cellular mechanisms of gravity sensing and response in roots,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ista":"Teplova A. 2026. Chasing the elusive: Investigating nucleotide cyclase activity in gibberellin and strigolactone signalling; Cellular mechanisms of gravity sensing and response in roots. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","apa":"Teplova, A. (2026). <i>Chasing the elusive: Investigating nucleotide cyclase activity in gibberellin and strigolactone signalling; Cellular mechanisms of gravity sensing and response in roots</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984</a>","chicago":"Teplova, Anastasiia. “Chasing the Elusive: Investigating Nucleotide Cyclase Activity in Gibberellin and Strigolactone Signalling; Cellular Mechanisms of Gravity Sensing and Response in Roots.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984</a>.","mla":"Teplova, Anastasiia. <i>Chasing the Elusive: Investigating Nucleotide Cyclase Activity in Gibberellin and Strigolactone Signalling; Cellular Mechanisms of Gravity Sensing and Response in Roots</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984</a>.","short":"A. Teplova, Chasing the Elusive: Investigating Nucleotide Cyclase Activity in Gibberellin and Strigolactone Signalling; Cellular Mechanisms of Gravity Sensing and Response in Roots, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026."},"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","_id":"22984","title":"Chasing the elusive: Investigating nucleotide cyclase activity in gibberellin and strigolactone signalling; Cellular mechanisms of gravity sensing and response in roots","page":"190","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-99078-093-0"],"issn":["2663-337X "]},"day":"23","supervisor":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-8302-7596","first_name":"Jiří","last_name":"Friml","id":"4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Friml, Jiří"}],"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"JiFr"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"Bio"},{"_id":"LifeSc"},{"_id":"MassSpec"}],"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984","degree_awarded":"PhD","file":[{"content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","file_id":"22996","date_created":"2026-09-25T09:19:25Z","file_size":106736394,"file_name":"2026-Teplova-Anastasia-Thesis-final.docx","checksum":"ae6e37780e4a8d07cfabf0a899c6c6bf","creator":"ateplova","access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","date_updated":"2026-09-25T09:19:25Z"},{"access_level":"closed","embargo":"2027-09-30","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-09-25T09:25:56Z","embargo_to":"open_access","date_created":"2026-09-25T09:25:56Z","file_id":"22997","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"ateplova","checksum":"305099d360d30bd596af946171d19c3b","file_name":"2026-Teplova-Anastasia-Thesis-final-pdfA.pdf","file_size":39343452}],"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22984","corr_author":"1","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"article_processing_charge":"No","has_accepted_license":"1"},{"file":[{"date_updated":"2026-10-12T13:13:51Z","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","checksum":"c6b368f342409de884eafdd3af7867c5","creator":"aasadi","file_name":"2026_Asadi_Ali_Thesis.pdf","file_size":694682,"file_id":"23081","date_created":"2026-10-09T11:12:08Z","content_type":"application/pdf"},{"access_level":"closed","relation":"source_file","date_updated":"2026-10-09T11:47:47Z","content_type":"application/zip","file_id":"23082","date_created":"2026-10-09T11:12:56Z","file_name":"2026_Asadi_Ali_Thesis.zip","file_size":1538723,"creator":"aasadi","checksum":"71ecb0b666438f395a92b395e315f904"}],"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079","oa":1,"project":[{"_id":"0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E","call_identifier":"H2020","name":"Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications","grant_number":"863818"},{"_id":"4029cfc7-b034-11f1-9e55-88ab2ff3b6ee","grant_number":"COE12","name":"Bilateral Artificial Intelligence (Chatterjee)"},{"call_identifier":"H2020","grant_number":"101020093","name":"Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software","_id":"62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d"}],"corr_author":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","alternative_title":["ISTA Master’s Thesis"],"has_accepted_license":"1","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","ec_funded":1,"_id":"23079","title":"Approximation of values and equilibria in stochastic games: Complexity and algorithms","day":"09","page":"83","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2791-4585"]},"supervisor":[{"last_name":"Chatterjee","first_name":"Krishnendu","full_name":"Chatterjee, Krishnendu","id":"2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-4561-241X"}],"department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"KrCh"}],"degree_awarded":"MS","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079","year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-08T09:07:53Z","publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"The research reported in Part I was partially supported by the European Research\r\nCouncil (ERC) Consolidator Grant 863818 (ForM-SMArt), by the Austrian Science Fund\r\n(FWF) 10.55776/COE12, and by the French Agence Nationale de la Recherche (ANR) grant\r\nANR-21-CE40-0020 (CONVERGENCE project). The research reported in Part II is a part of\r\nproject VAMOS, which has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under\r\ngrant agreement No.101020093.","file_date_updated":"2026-10-12T13:13:51Z","ddc":["000"],"month":"10","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","date_published":"2026-10-09T00:00:00Z","doi_confirm":"1","citation":{"mla":"Asadi, Ali. <i>Approximation of Values and Equilibria in Stochastic Games: Complexity and Algorithms</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079</a>.","chicago":"Asadi, Ali. “Approximation of Values and Equilibria in Stochastic Games: Complexity and Algorithms.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079</a>.","apa":"Asadi, A. (2026). <i>Approximation of values and equilibria in stochastic games: Complexity and algorithms</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079</a>","short":"A. Asadi, Approximation of Values and Equilibria in Stochastic Games: Complexity and Algorithms, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ieee":"A. Asadi, “Approximation of values and equilibria in stochastic games: Complexity and algorithms,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ista":"Asadi A. 2026. Approximation of values and equilibria in stochastic games: Complexity and algorithms. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Asadi A. Approximation of values and equilibria in stochastic games: Complexity and algorithms. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-23079</a>"},"oa_version":"Published Version","status":"public","type":"dissertation","OA_place":"publisher","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We study the computational aspects of the two central solution concepts of stochastic games\r\nplayed on finite graphs for an infinite number of steps: the value in two-player zero-sum\r\ngames, and Nash equilibria in multi-player games. In both settings, exact solutions are in\r\ntractable. Fortwo-playerzero-sumconcurrentstochasticgames,valuescanbeirrational,and\r\nthe associated decision problem is SQRT-SUM hard. For multi-player turn-based stochastic\r\ngames,theequilibriumprobabilitiescanbeirrational,anddecidingtheconstrainedexistence\r\nof a Nash equilibrium is undecidable in the presence of memory, and ∃R-complete when the\r\nplayers are restricted to stationary strategies. Hence, in both settings, the natural computational problem is the approximation of the solution within an arbitrary additive error. In\r\nthis thesis, we present improved complexity results and algorithms for such approximation\r\nproblems.\r\nThe first part of the thesis considers two-player zero-sum concurrent stochastic games\r\nwith two classic objectives: (a) stateful-discounted objectives, which are similar to the classic\r\ndiscounted-sum objectives, but states are associated with different discount factors rather\r\nthan a single discount factor; and (b) parity objectives, which are a canonical representation\r\nfor ω-regular objectives. For stateful-discounted objectives, given an ordering of the discount\r\nfactors, the limit value is the limit of the value of the stateful-discounted objectives, as\r\nthe discount factors approach zero according to the given order. The value-approximation\r\nproblem is known to be in EXPSPACE for the limit value of stateful-discounted objectives and\r\nin PSPACEforparityobjectives,andthebest-knownalgorithmsforbothproblemsareatleast\r\nexponential time, with an exponential dependence on the number of states and actions. Our\r\nmain results for the value-approximation problem for the limit value of stateful-discounted\r\nobjectives and parity objectives areas follows: (a)we establish TFNPNP complexity; and (b)we\r\npresent algorithms that improve the dependency on the number of actions in the exponent\r\nfrom linear to logarithmic. In particular, if the number of states is constant, our algorithms\r\nrun in polynomial time.\r\nThe second part of the thesis considers multi-player turn-based stochastic games with\r\nterminal payoffs, where the players are restricted to stationary strategies. We study the\r\napproximate constrained existence problem of Nash equilibria: given a game that has a Nash\r\nequilibrium in which the payoff of every player lies in a given interval, compute a strategy\r\nprofile that is an ε-Nash equilibrium and that satisfies the same constraints up to an additive\r\nerror ε. Our main results are as follows: (a) we present an FNPNP algorithm for the problem;\r\nand(b)we establish that its decision version is NP-hard, already with two players. For the\r\nupperbound,weshowthatifaconstrainedNashequilibriumexists,thenthereexists one\r\nin which the non-zero probabilities are at least an inverse of a double-exponential in the\r\ni\r\ninput size, and that such a strategy profile can be represented, up to an additive error ε, with\r\nfloating-point numbers of polynomial size. We complement the upper bound with a lower\r\nbound on this approach: we present a game with only five players in which every constrained\r\nNash equilibrium requires double-exponentially small probabilities.\r\nThe two parts share a common technical toolkit: bounds on solutions of systems of\r\npolynomial inequalities that arise from real algebraic geometry, the floating-point representation of doubly-exponentially small numbers, and guess-and-verify procedures that resolve\r\nsingle-player games with an NP oracle."}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"21281"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"17099","status":"public"}]},"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Asadi, Ali","id":"02d96aae-000e-11ec-b801-cadd0a5eefbb","last_name":"Asadi","first_name":"Ali"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-16T08:00:45Z"},{"title":"Mechanistic insight into solution-processed p-type tin chalcogenides as a basis for designing their n-type analogs","_id":"22626","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","degree_awarded":"PhD","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"MaIb"}],"supervisor":[{"id":"43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Ibáñez, Maria","first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Ibáñez","orcid":"0000-0001-5013-2843"}],"page":"141","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-99078-086-2"],"issn":["2663-337X"]},"day":"05","corr_author":"1","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626","project":[{"name":"HighTE: The Werner Siemens Laboratory for the High Throughput Discovery of Semiconductors for Waste Heat Recovery","_id":"9B8F7476-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A"}],"file":[{"checksum":"4f357f3c0f5ee3d679dd0395dbafc4bb","creator":"cfiedler","file_name":"2026_Fiedler_Christine_Thesis.docx","file_size":625541367,"date_created":"2026-08-07T09:10:56Z","file_id":"22659","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","relation":"source_file","date_updated":"2026-08-07T10:02:41Z","access_level":"closed"},{"embargo_to":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-08-07T10:16:07Z","embargo":"2027-02-07","access_level":"closed","file_size":16646551,"file_name":"2026_Fiedler_Christine_Thesis.pdf","creator":"cfiedler","checksum":"69784d2e7b9ef3d3a0fbe134f3bba089","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2026-08-07T09:10:45Z","file_id":"22660"}],"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"has_accepted_license":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","id":"12237","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"17124"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"17052"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","type":"dissertation","status":"public","date_updated":"2026-10-16T09:30:26Z","author":[{"last_name":"Fiedler","first_name":"Christine","full_name":"Fiedler, Christine","id":"bd3fceba-dc74-11ea-a0a7-c17f71817366"}],"file_date_updated":"2026-08-07T10:16:07Z","acknowledgement":"This thesis and the publications within, were financially supported by the Institute of Science and Technology Austria and the Werner Siemens Foundation under the project “High Thermoelectric Materials: The Werner Siemens Laboratory for the High Throughput Discovery of Semiconductors for Waste Heat Recovery”.","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2026-08-03T07:55:16Z","year":"2026","citation":{"short":"C. Fiedler, Mechanistic Insight into Solution-Processed p-Type Tin Chalcogenides as a Basis for Designing Their n-Type Analogs, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","chicago":"Fiedler, Christine. “Mechanistic Insight into Solution-Processed p-Type Tin Chalcogenides as a Basis for Designing Their n-Type Analogs.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626</a>.","mla":"Fiedler, Christine. <i>Mechanistic Insight into Solution-Processed p-Type Tin Chalcogenides as a Basis for Designing Their n-Type Analogs</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626</a>.","apa":"Fiedler, C. (2026). <i>Mechanistic insight into solution-processed p-type tin chalcogenides as a basis for designing their n-type analogs</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626</a>","ista":"Fiedler C. 2026. Mechanistic insight into solution-processed p-type tin chalcogenides as a basis for designing their n-type analogs. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"C. Fiedler, “Mechanistic insight into solution-processed p-type tin chalcogenides as a basis for designing their n-type analogs,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ama":"Fiedler C. Mechanistic insight into solution-processed p-type tin chalcogenides as a basis for designing their n-type analogs. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22626</a>"},"oa_version":"Published Version","doi_confirm":"1","date_published":"2026-08-05T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","ddc":["540","546","530"],"month":"08"},{"author":[{"orcid":"0000-0003-1537-7436","full_name":"Kleinhanns, Tobias","id":"8BD9DE16-AB3C-11E9-9C8C-2A03E6697425","last_name":"Kleinhanns","first_name":"Tobias"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-16T10:07:25Z","status":"public","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"12237","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"20326"},{"id":"15182","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"}]},"OA_place":"publisher","type":"dissertation","date_published":"2026-06-18T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","month":"06","ddc":["546","530"],"oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"ama":"Kleinhanns T. Unraveling the origin and evolution of defects to enable advanced thermoelectric performance. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017</a>","ista":"Kleinhanns T. 2026. Unraveling the origin and evolution of defects to enable advanced thermoelectric performance. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"T. Kleinhanns, “Unraveling the origin and evolution of defects to enable advanced thermoelectric performance,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","short":"T. Kleinhanns, Unraveling the Origin and Evolution of Defects to Enable Advanced Thermoelectric Performance, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","apa":"Kleinhanns, T. (2026). <i>Unraveling the origin and evolution of defects to enable advanced thermoelectric performance</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017</a>","mla":"Kleinhanns, Tobias. <i>Unraveling the Origin and Evolution of Defects to Enable Advanced Thermoelectric Performance</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017</a>.","chicago":"Kleinhanns, Tobias. “Unraveling the Origin and Evolution of Defects to Enable Advanced Thermoelectric Performance.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017</a>."},"doi_confirm":"1","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2026-06-18T08:00:03Z","year":"2026","file_date_updated":"2026-07-01T07:35:17Z","supervisor":[{"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Ibáñez","id":"43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Ibáñez, Maria","orcid":"0000-0001-5013-2843"}],"page":"59","day":"18","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-99078-081-7"],"issn":["2663-337X"]},"degree_awarded":"PhD","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"MaIb"}],"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","title":"Unraveling the origin and evolution of defects to enable advanced thermoelectric performance","_id":"22017","article_processing_charge":"No","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"das_tickbox":"1","has_accepted_license":"1","doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22017","project":[{"_id":"9B8F7476-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A","name":"HighTE: The Werner Siemens Laboratory for the High Throughput Discovery of Semiconductors for Waste Heat Recovery"}],"file":[{"relation":"source_file","date_updated":"2026-06-30T09:17:15Z","access_level":"closed","file_name":"2026_Kleinhanns_Tobias_Thesis_Source_File.docx","file_size":15658266,"creator":"tkleinha","checksum":"3df7e865a7d1da8972ccd8acb8b4c16c","content_type":"application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document","file_id":"22226","date_created":"2026-06-30T09:17:15Z"},{"content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2026-07-01T07:35:17Z","file_id":"22232","file_name":"2026_Kleinhanns_Tobias_Thesis_Main_File_A4.pdf","file_size":9909375,"creator":"tkleinha","checksum":"40ec279272a963636ff29c964032dcba","embargo":"2026-12-18","access_level":"closed","embargo_to":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-07-01T07:35:17Z"}],"corr_author":"1"},{"license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/","date_published":"2026-08-10T00:00:00Z","month":"08","ddc":["000"],"publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"apa":"Cueto Noval, M. (2026). <i>Towards efficient secure group messaging</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664</a>","chicago":"Cueto Noval, Miguel. “Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664</a>.","mla":"Cueto Noval, Miguel. <i>Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664</a>.","short":"M. Cueto Noval, Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ama":"Cueto Noval M. Towards efficient secure group messaging. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664</a>","ista":"Cueto Noval M. 2026. Towards efficient secure group messaging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ieee":"M. Cueto Noval, “Towards efficient secure group messaging,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026."},"doi_confirm":"1","year":"2026","date_created":"2026-08-10T10:18:35Z","publication_status":"published","file_date_updated":"2026-08-19T11:36:46Z","author":[{"last_name":"Cueto Noval","first_name":"Miguel","full_name":"Cueto Noval, Miguel","id":"ffc563a3-f6e0-11ea-865d-e3cce03d17cc","orcid":"0000-0002-2505-4246"}],"date_updated":"2026-10-16T10:14:40Z","status":"public","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"21262","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"status":"public","id":"14691","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"18702"}]},"abstract":[{"text":"The widespread adoption of apps like Whatsapp and Signal has translated into billions of people all around the world communicating on a regular basis by making use of services that offer end-to-end encryption and even provide security guarantees when a user's device is compromised.\r\n\r\nThis was made possible by the introduction of the Double Ratchet Algorithm~\\cite{double_ratchet}, which was designed for a setting where communication takes place between two parties.\r\nHowever, in practice, many apps offer the possibility of creating groups.\r\nThe protocols they use to secure communication are inefficient for large group which has the undesireable consequence that the aforementioned apps have established limits on the group size of roughly 1000 users.\r\nThis has motivated the introduction of the Messaging Layer Security (MLS) standard~\\cite{rfc9420} by the IETF which is based on a primitive called Continuous Group Key Agreement (CGKA)~\\cite{C:ACDT20}.\r\n\r\nThis primitive allows a group of users to maintain a shared secret key that is frequently rotated by the group members in order to change group membership, achieve forward secrecy (FS) and post compromise security (PCS).\r\nMost protocols are based on binary trees where the nodes are associated to a pair formed by public key and a secret key.\r\nEach leaf corresponds to one of the group members and a user knows the secret keys associated to nodes along the path from their leaf to the root.\r\nWhen a user wants to update their key material they have to change $ \\log(N) $ many keys.\r\nThis requires uploading $ \\log(N) $ many ciphertexts to communicate the new keys to the rest of the group members in a way that respects the tree structure.\r\n\r\nIn this thesis we study how much communication between group members is required in order to add and remove users from a group as well as in order to provide PCS when we consider CGKAs built using standard cryptographic primitives like pseudo-random functions and public-key encryption. Furthermore, we also consider the case of MLS and provide the first lower bound showing that its communication complexity is much worse than previously believed, i.e., it is very far from $ \\log(N) $.\r\nFinally, we also propose a variant of MLS which provably achieves the same security properties with a much lower communication cost.","lang":"eng"}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"dissertation","OA_place":"publisher","article_processing_charge":"No","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"has_accepted_license":"1","oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_sa.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0)","short":"CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)"},"file":[{"content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22702","date_created":"2026-08-13T09:39:00Z","file_name":"2026_CuetoNoval_Miguel_Thesis.pdf","file_size":1390255,"creator":"mcuetono","checksum":"d61beeb9a250a04396c2c61bbd0783aa","access_level":"open_access","date_updated":"2026-08-19T11:36:46Z","relation":"main_file"},{"relation":"source_file","date_updated":"2026-08-14T10:26:06Z","access_level":"closed","checksum":"4d6def422cc93a108faf5e5defc0f807","creator":"mcuetono","file_name":"2026_CuetoNoval_Miguel_Thesis.zip","file_size":9923509,"file_id":"22703","date_created":"2026-08-13T09:39:01Z","content_type":"application/zip"}],"corr_author":"1","supervisor":[{"orcid":"0000-0002-9139-1654","id":"3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z","first_name":"Krzysztof Z","last_name":"Pietrzak"}],"page":"187","publication_identifier":{"isbn":[" 978-3-99078-087-9"],"issn":["2663-337X"]},"day":"10","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664","degree_awarded":"PhD","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"KrPi"}],"user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","title":"Towards efficient secure group messaging","_id":"22664"},{"date_updated":"2026-10-16T10:42:36Z","author":[{"first_name":"Simone","last_name":"Bombari","id":"ca726dda-de17-11ea-bc14-f9da834f63aa","full_name":"Bombari, Simone"}],"OA_place":"publisher","type":"dissertation","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Artificial intelligence and machine learning have undergone an unprecedented evolution in the past decade, motivating a research effort toward a theory able to capture the qualitative behavior of large-scale neural systems. A central puzzle has been the clear benefit of scaling architecture size and overfitting the training set in supervised learning tasks. This evidence, in apparent contradiction with classical statistical learning theory, pushed researchers to develop a new theory capturing the interplay between the algorithmic and architectural bias of training and the specific target function, differently from previous methods rooted in uniform stability.\r\nThis approach has enabled a grounded understanding of novel learning regimes, typically through formal limits where the number of training samples $n$, data dimensions $d$, and model parameters $p$ grow to infinity at different rates. \\\\\r\nIn this thesis, we follow this approach, focusing on the trustworthiness of high-dimensional models: properties that are difficult to control during training or deployment and often emerge under unpredictable or adversarial conditions. In such settings, it is crucial to formally ensure a priori the reliability of machine learning systems.\r\nFirst, we study data memorization, both as label fitting and as the storage of private information about training samples in trained parameters. We prove that $p = \\Omega(n)$ parameters are sufficient for a deep neural network to memorize a generic set of labels, and for a model to memorize spurious features across training data. We then give evidence that $p = \\Omega(dn)$ parameters are instead necessary for an adversary to reconstruct the full training set from the trained parameters.\r\nSecond, we study robustness, both to adversarial perturbations and to distribution shift. We first prove that $p = \\Omega(dn)$ parameters can be sufficient for a class of neural networks to overfit the training data while guaranteeing robustness to adversarial perturbations. Then, we focus on spurious correlations learning in high-dimensional regression, studying the effect of the ridge regularization parameter in the proportional regime $n = \\Theta(d)$, and connecting it via an equivalence argument to the role of over-parameterization $p = \\Omega(n)$ in neural networks. We also investigate the architectural bias of attention-based networks, showing that they are sensitive to the replacement of individual words in an embedded sentence, allowing them to generalize on sentences where the contextual meaning depends on one or few words.\r\nFinally, we study differentially private optimization in high-dimensional regimes. We prove that standard private gradient methods do not suffer in the over-parameterized regime $p = \\Omega(n)$, challenging the current wisdom based on stability-derived generalization bounds. We then consider linear regression in the proportional regime $n = \\Theta(d)$, showing that standard private gradient descent can achieve optimal rates under appropriate hyper-parameter scaling, such as sufficiently small gradient clipping constants, whose role is still debated in practice.","lang":"eng"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"12537"},{"id":"21324","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"status":"public","id":"22894","relation":"part_of_dissertation"},{"id":"19627","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"id":"12859","relation":"part_of_dissertation","status":"public"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"18973","status":"public"},{"relation":"part_of_dissertation","id":"18972","status":"public"}]},"status":"public","doi_confirm":"1","citation":{"ieee":"S. Bombari, “Trustworthy machine learning in high dimensions,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","ista":"Bombari S. 2026. Trustworthy machine learning in high dimensions. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ama":"Bombari S. Trustworthy machine learning in high dimensions. 2026. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857</a>","short":"S. Bombari, Trustworthy Machine Learning in High Dimensions, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.","chicago":"Bombari, Simone. “Trustworthy Machine Learning in High Dimensions.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857</a>.","mla":"Bombari, Simone. <i>Trustworthy Machine Learning in High Dimensions</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857\">10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857</a>.","apa":"Bombari, S. (2026). <i>Trustworthy machine learning in high dimensions</i>. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857\">https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857</a>"},"oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","month":"09","ddc":["519"],"date_published":"2026-09-08T00:00:00Z","acknowledgement":"This project was partially supported by the 2019 Lopez-Loreta prize,\r\nthe European Union (ERC, INF2\r\n, project number 101161364), the Austrian Science Fund\r\n(FWF) 10.55776/COE12, and a Google PhD fellowship in machine intelligence. Furthermore,\r\nthe candidate acknowledges the support from the Scientific Service Units of the Institute of\r\nScience and Technology Austria through resources provided by Scientific Computing.","file_date_updated":"2026-09-10T10:03:48Z","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2026-09-08T13:40:08Z","year":"2026","department":[{"_id":"GradSch"},{"_id":"MaMo"}],"acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857","supplementarymaterial":"no","degree_awarded":"PhD","publication_identifier":{"isbn":["978-3-99078-091-6"],"issn":["2663-337X"]},"page":"446","day":"08","supervisor":[{"id":"27EB676C-8706-11E9-9510-7717E6697425","full_name":"Mondelli, Marco","first_name":"Marco","last_name":"Mondelli","orcid":"0000-0002-3242-7020"}],"_id":"22857","title":"Trustworthy machine learning in high dimensions","user_id":"8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9","has_accepted_license":"1","das_tickbox":"0","alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"article_processing_charge":"No","corr_author":"1","researchdata_availability":"no","file":[{"relation":"source_file","date_updated":"2026-09-08T13:28:38Z","access_level":"closed","file_name":"Thesis copy.zip","file_size":99154325,"creator":"sbombari","checksum":"8eab99d6dc6e4476826bdfc7c00fdebb","content_type":"application/zip","file_id":"22859","date_created":"2026-09-08T13:28:38Z"},{"success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-09-10T10:03:48Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":12856211,"file_name":"2026_Bombari_Simone_Thesis.pdf","checksum":"007033bafe4622ff4c2e758301354df1","creator":"sbombari","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"22898","date_created":"2026-09-10T10:03:48Z"}],"oa":1,"doi":"10.15479/AT-ISTA-22857","project":[{"name":"Trustworthy Deep Learning Theory: Private Over-Parameterized Models and Robust LLMs","_id":"92099302-16d5-11f0-9cad-f9a785f54fbd"},{"_id":"911e6d1f-16d5-11f0-9cad-c5c68c6a1cdf","name":"Inference in High Dimensions: Light-speed Algorithms and Information Limits","grant_number":"101161364"},{"_id":"74caaef7-b034-11f1-8f2d-e0e993bb422e","grant_number":"COE12","name":"Bilateral Artificial Intelligence (Mondelli)"}],"keyword":["machine learning","high-dimensional statistics","deep learning theory","privacy","memorization","robustness"]},{"citation":{"ista":"Machnik NN, Mahmoudi SM, Borczyk M, Krätschmer I, Bauer MJ, Robinson MR. 2026. Causal inference for multiple risk factors and diseases from genomics data. Nature Communications. 17, 10153.","ieee":"N. N. Machnik, S. M. Mahmoudi, M. Borczyk, I. Krätschmer, M. J. Bauer, and M. R. Robinson, “Causal inference for multiple risk factors and diseases from genomics data,” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17. Springer Nature, 2026.","ama":"Machnik NN, Mahmoudi SM, Borczyk M, Krätschmer I, Bauer MJ, Robinson MR. Causal inference for multiple risk factors and diseases from genomics data. <i>Nature Communications</i>. 2026;17. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7\">10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7</a>","chicago":"Machnik, Nick N, Seyed Mahdi Mahmoudi, Malgorzata Borczyk, Ilse Krätschmer, Markus J. Bauer, and Matthew Richard Robinson. “Causal Inference for Multiple Risk Factors and Diseases from Genomics Data.” <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7</a>.","mla":"Machnik, Nick N., et al. “Causal Inference for Multiple Risk Factors and Diseases from Genomics Data.” <i>Nature Communications</i>, vol. 17, 10153, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7\">10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7</a>.","apa":"Machnik, N. N., Mahmoudi, S. M., Borczyk, M., Krätschmer, I., Bauer, M. J., &#38; Robinson, M. R. (2026). Causal inference for multiple risk factors and diseases from genomics data. <i>Nature Communications</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7</a>","short":"N.N. Machnik, S.M. Mahmoudi, M. Borczyk, I. Krätschmer, M.J. Bauer, M.R. Robinson, Nature Communications 17 (2026)."},"oa_version":"Published Version","publisher":"Springer Nature","ddc":["570"],"month":"08","date_published":"2026-08-25T00:00:00Z","license":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/","intvolume":"        17","acknowledgement":"We thank Zoltan Kutalik andmembers of the Robinson group at ISTA for\r\ntheir comments, which improved this manuscript. We would like to\r\nacknowledge the participants and investigators of the UK Biobank study.\r\nHigh-performance computing was supported by the Scientific Service\r\nUnits (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by Scientific\r\nComputing (SciComp). This work was funded by a research collaboration agreement between\r\nBoehringer Ingelheim and the research group of MRR at the Institute of\r\nScience and Technology Austria. Additional funding was also provided\r\nby an SNSF Eccellenza Grant to MRR (PCEGP3-181181), and by core\r\nfunding from the Institute of Science and Technology Austria. MB was\r\nfunded by the National Science Center Poland grant SONATINA UMO-\r\n2021/40/C/NZ2/00218.","article_number":"10153 ","file_date_updated":"2026-10-07T09:50:18Z","publication_status":"published","year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-04T22:01:53Z","publication":"Nature Communications","scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"gold","dataavailabilitystatement":"This project uses the UK Biobank data under project number 35520.\r\nUK Biobank genotypic and phenotypic data is available through a\r\nformal request at (http://www.ukbiobank.ac.uk). All of the data generated\r\nin this study are provided in the Source Data file. Source data\r\nare provided with this paper. The CI-GWAS code is fully open source and available at https://github.\r\ncom/medical-genomics-group/ci-gwasand has been archived on\r\nZenodo52. The scripts used to execute the model are available at\r\nhttps://github.com/medical-genomics-group/ci-gwas. R version 4.2.1 is\r\navailable at https://www.r-project.org/. Plink version 1.9 is available at\r\nhttps://www.cog-genomics.org/plink/1.9/.","date_updated":"2026-10-16T11:01:16Z","author":[{"full_name":"Machnik, Nick N","id":"3591A0AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Machnik","first_name":"Nick N","orcid":"0000-0001-6617-9742"},{"last_name":"Mahmoudi","first_name":"Seyed Mahdi","full_name":"Mahmoudi, Seyed Mahdi","id":"b9f6d5ef-7774-11eb-a47f-df2c75c02ee7"},{"first_name":"Malgorzata","last_name":"Borczyk","full_name":"Borczyk, Malgorzata"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-5636-9259","full_name":"Krätschmer, Ilse","id":"30d4014e-7753-11eb-b44b-db6d61112e73","last_name":"Krätschmer","first_name":"Ilse"},{"first_name":"Markus J.","last_name":"Bauer","full_name":"Bauer, Markus J."},{"first_name":"Matthew Richard","last_name":"Robinson","id":"E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425","full_name":"Robinson, Matthew Richard","orcid":"0000-0001-8982-8813"}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Mendelian randomization, the standard instrument variable causal-inference approach for genomics, can be severely biased by inadequate selection of appropriate instrument variables and horizontal pleiotropy. We introduce Causal Inference GWAS, a graphical approach that selects genetic instruments from summary statistics controlling for linkage and pleiotropy, accommodates rare variants and binary outcomes, distinguishes direct from indirect risk factors in high dimensions, and flags latent confounding. Applied to 9 risk factors, 4 metabolic disease outcomes, and 8.4M variants across 458,747 UK Biobank individuals, our method runs in 20 minutes, identifying only 696 genome-wide valid instruments. We replicate nearly all previously reported risk factor-outcome paths, but find that most are indistinguishable from unmeasured confounding. This suggests robust biobank causal inference will require longitudinal and family data to resolve temporal precedence from reverse causation. Our approach offers a principled first step toward screening genuine causal signal from phenotypic correlation in biobank data."}],"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"earlier_version","id":"18648","status":"public"}]},"status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","volume":17,"has_accepted_license":"1","das_tickbox":"1","article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"Yes","corr_author":"1","researchdata_availability":"yes","tmp":{"short":"CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by_nc_nd.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode"},"file":[{"success":1,"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-10-07T09:50:18Z","access_level":"open_access","file_name":"2026_NatureComm_Machnik.pdf","file_size":2345578,"creator":"dernst","checksum":"05517674168a275c70f18e964ce33d8b","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2026-10-07T09:50:18Z","file_id":"23070"}],"doi":"10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7","oa":1,"department":[{"_id":"MaRo"}],"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-76877-7","acknowledged_ssus":[{"_id":"ScienComp"}],"supplementarymaterial":"no","day":"25","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2041-1723"]},"_id":"23043","title":"Causal inference for multiple risk factors and diseases from genomics data","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"researchdata_availability":"yes","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"file":[{"file_id":"23162","date_created":"2026-10-19T06:36:24Z","content_type":"application/pdf","creator":"dernst","checksum":"b319631e496b3f50fd32202bb19a5b99","file_size":3985652,"file_name":"2026_AstrophysicalJour_FeiQinyue.pdf","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-10-19T06:36:24Z","success":1}],"oa":1,"doi":"10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b","issue":"1","das_tickbox":"1","article_type":"original","external_id":{"arxiv":["2602.12325"]},"article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","volume":1010,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"23152","title":"Direct pathway to the early supermassive Black Holes: A red super-Eddington quasar in a massive starburst host at z = 7.2","arxiv":1,"day":"10","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X"],"eissn":["1538-4357"]},"department":[{"_id":"JoMa"}],"supplementarymaterial":"yes","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b","publication_status":"published","year":"2026","date_created":"2026-10-18T22:01:51Z","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","intvolume":"      1010","acknowledgement":"We are grateful to Jinyi Yang and Feige Wang for their insightful discussions about the broad-line fitting. We are grateful to Zhiwei Pan and Yuming Fu for their discussions about the BH mass estimator.\r\n\r\nK.I. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12573015, W2532003), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (IS25003), and the China Manned Space Program (CMS-CSST-2025-A09). LCH was supported by the National Science Foundation of China (12233001) and the China Manned Space Program (CMS-CSST-2025-A09). P.G.P.-G. acknowledges support from grant PID2022-139567NB-I00 funded by the Spanish Ministerio de Ciencia, Innovación y Universidades MCIU/AEI/10.13039/501100011033, FEDER Una manera de hacer Europa. J.A.-M. acknowledges support by grants PID2024-158856NA-I00 & PIB2021-127718NB-I00 from the Spanish Ministry of Science and Innovation/State Agency of Research MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by “ERDF A way of making Europe.”\r\n\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via DOI: 10.17909/q19z-a348for the GNz7q observations and DOI: 10.17909/0akt-xx69for the MIRI images from the MEOW survey. These observations are associated with programs # 4762 and # 5407.","article_number":"86","file_date_updated":"2026-10-19T06:36:24Z","publisher":"IOP Publishing","month":"10","ddc":["520"],"date_published":"2026-10-10T00:00:00Z","oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"ista":"Fei Q, Fujimoto S, Brammer G, Li R, Ho LC, Bromm V, Álvarez-Márquez J, Asada Y, Barro G, Colina L, Dayal P, Finkelstein SL, Fynbo JPU, Ginolfi M, Inayoshi K, Kokorev V, Leung GCK, Matthee JJ, Meyer RA, Naidu RP, Onoue M, Pérez-González PG, Steinhardt CL, Valentino F, Walter F, Xiao M, Zhang H. 2026. Direct pathway to the early supermassive Black Holes: A red super-Eddington quasar in a massive starburst host at z = 7.2. The Astrophysical Journal. 1010(1), 86.","ieee":"Q. Fei <i>et al.</i>, “Direct pathway to the early supermassive Black Holes: A red super-Eddington quasar in a massive starburst host at z = 7.2,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 1010, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2026.","ama":"Fei Q, Fujimoto S, Brammer G, et al. Direct pathway to the early supermassive Black Holes: A red super-Eddington quasar in a massive starburst host at z = 7.2. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2026;1010(1). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b\">10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b</a>","mla":"Fei, Qinyue, et al. “Direct Pathway to the Early Supermassive Black Holes: A Red Super-Eddington Quasar in a Massive Starburst Host at z = 7.2.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 1010, no. 1, 86, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b\">10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b</a>.","chicago":"Fei, Qinyue, Seiji Fujimoto, Gabriel Brammer, Ruancun Li, Luis C. Ho, Volker Bromm, Javier Álvarez-Márquez, et al. “Direct Pathway to the Early Supermassive Black Holes: A Red Super-Eddington Quasar in a Massive Starburst Host at z = 7.2.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b</a>.","apa":"Fei, Q., Fujimoto, S., Brammer, G., Li, R., Ho, L. C., Bromm, V., … Zhang, H. (2026). Direct pathway to the early supermassive Black Holes: A red super-Eddington quasar in a massive starburst host at z = 7.2. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b\">https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aea07b</a>","short":"Q. Fei, S. Fujimoto, G. Brammer, R. Li, L.C. Ho, V. Bromm, J. Álvarez-Márquez, Y. Asada, G. Barro, L. Colina, P. Dayal, S.L. Finkelstein, J.P.U. Fynbo, M. Ginolfi, K. Inayoshi, V. Kokorev, G.C.K. Leung, J.J. Matthee, R.A. Meyer, R.P. Naidu, M. Onoue, P.G. Pérez-González, C.L. Steinhardt, F. Valentino, F. Walter, M. Xiao, H. Zhang, The Astrophysical Journal 1010 (2026)."},"status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","PlanS_conform":"1","OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We present a panchromatic optical-millimeter characterization of GNz7q, a recently identified X-ray-weak,\r\nrapidly growing red quasar embedded within a dusty starburst galaxy at z = 7.1899, using the full suite of JWST/\r\nNIRCam, NIRSpec, Mid-Infrared Instrument (MIRI), and archival NOEMA observations. Our deep NIRSpec/\r\nG395M spectroscopy reveals unambiguous broad Balmer emission (FWHM = 2221 ± 20 km s\r\n−1\r\n), confirming a\r\nsuper-Eddington accreting black hole (BH) (λEdd = 2.7 ± 0.4) with a mass of\r\nlog(MBH/M ) = 7.55 ± 0.34,\r\nusing accretion-rate-corrected BH mass estimators. After subtracting the point source, we robustly detect stellar\r\nemission from the host galaxy across multiple NIRCam and MIRI filters. Our joint morphological-spectral\r\nanalysis yields a stellar mass of = ± * log(M /M ) 10.5 0.4\r\nand an intense star formation rate of\r\nSFR = 330 ± 97 M⊙ yr−1\r\n, confirming the host as a massive, dusty starburst galaxy. We find that GNz7q lies\r\non the local MBH–M* relation (MBH/M* ≃ 0.001) and is well positioned to evolve into the locus of massive Sloan\r\nDigital Sky Survey (SDSS) quasars with\r\nlog(MBH/M ) 9\r\nand M* ≈ 1011 M⊙ at z ∼ 6, owing to its remarkably\r\nrapid growth in both the BH and its host galaxy. This stands in stark contrast to many recently reported JWST\r\nactive galactic nucleus populations at similar redshifts, including the little red dots, whose weak or undetected star\r\nformation makes it difficult for them to grow into the massive galaxies hosting SDSS-like quasars. These results\r\nsuggest that GNz7q marks a rare, pivotal phase of early BH–galaxy coevolution, plausibly providing a crucial\r\ndirect pathway to the supermassive BH systems within the first billion years of the Universe."}],"author":[{"last_name":"Fei","first_name":"Qinyue","full_name":"Fei, Qinyue"},{"full_name":"Fujimoto, Seiji","first_name":"Seiji","last_name":"Fujimoto"},{"full_name":"Brammer, Gabriel","first_name":"Gabriel","last_name":"Brammer"},{"full_name":"Li, Ruancun","last_name":"Li","first_name":"Ruancun"},{"last_name":"Ho","first_name":"Luis C.","full_name":"Ho, Luis C."},{"last_name":"Bromm","first_name":"Volker","full_name":"Bromm, Volker"},{"last_name":"Álvarez-Márquez","first_name":"Javier","full_name":"Álvarez-Márquez, Javier"},{"first_name":"Yoshihisa","last_name":"Asada","full_name":"Asada, Yoshihisa"},{"last_name":"Barro","first_name":"Guillermo","full_name":"Barro, Guillermo"},{"full_name":"Colina, Luis","last_name":"Colina","first_name":"Luis"},{"full_name":"Dayal, Pratika","first_name":"Pratika","last_name":"Dayal"},{"first_name":"Steven L.","last_name":"Finkelstein","full_name":"Finkelstein, Steven L."},{"last_name":"Fynbo","first_name":"Johan P.U.","full_name":"Fynbo, Johan P.U."},{"last_name":"Ginolfi","first_name":"Michele","full_name":"Ginolfi, Michele"},{"full_name":"Inayoshi, Kohei","last_name":"Inayoshi","first_name":"Kohei"},{"first_name":"Vasily","last_name":"Kokorev","full_name":"Kokorev, Vasily"},{"full_name":"Leung, Gene C.K.","first_name":"Gene C.K.","last_name":"Leung"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-2871-127X","first_name":"Jorryt J","last_name":"Matthee","id":"7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720","full_name":"Matthee, Jorryt J"},{"last_name":"Meyer","first_name":"Romain A.","full_name":"Meyer, Romain A."},{"last_name":"Naidu","first_name":"Rohan P.","full_name":"Naidu, Rohan P."},{"last_name":"Onoue","first_name":"Masafusa","full_name":"Onoue, Masafusa"},{"full_name":"Pérez-González, Pablo G.","last_name":"Pérez-González","first_name":"Pablo G."},{"full_name":"Steinhardt, Charles L.","first_name":"Charles L.","last_name":"Steinhardt"},{"first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Valentino","full_name":"Valentino, Francesco"},{"last_name":"Walter","first_name":"Fabian","full_name":"Walter, Fabian"},{"last_name":"Xiao","first_name":"Mengyuan","full_name":"Xiao, Mengyuan"},{"full_name":"Zhang, Haowen","first_name":"Haowen","last_name":"Zhang"}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"gold","dataavailabilitystatement":"The reduced 1D NIRSpec/G395M spectra, the MIRI LRS 1D extraction, and the MIRI MRS 1D extraction used in this work are publicly available on Zenodo at DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.21539999.\r\nFacilities: JWST - James Webb Space Telescope, IRAM:NOEMA. -\r\nSoftware: GalfitS (R. Li et al. 2026), LMFIT (M. Newville et al. 2014), grizli (G. Brammer & J. Matharu 2021), msaexp (G. Brammer 2023)","date_updated":"2026-10-19T06:48:25Z"},{"author":[{"full_name":"Koshenov, Zhanat","first_name":"Zhanat","last_name":"Koshenov"},{"full_name":"Postic, Sandra","first_name":"Sandra","last_name":"Postic"},{"full_name":"Schoiswohl, Gabriela","first_name":"Gabriela","last_name":"Schoiswohl"},{"first_name":"Savina","last_name":"Van Amsterdam","full_name":"Van Amsterdam, Savina"},{"first_name":"Victoria","last_name":"Hois-Zelinka","full_name":"Hois-Zelinka, Victoria"},{"full_name":"Oflaz, Furkan E.","last_name":"Oflaz","first_name":"Furkan E."},{"full_name":"Rost, Rene","first_name":"Rene","last_name":"Rost"},{"full_name":"Tiapko, Oleksandra","last_name":"Tiapko","first_name":"Oleksandra"},{"last_name":"Gottschalk","first_name":"Benjamin","full_name":"Gottschalk, Benjamin"},{"last_name":"Hirtl","first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Hirtl, Martin"},{"first_name":"Olaf G.","last_name":"Bachkoenig","full_name":"Bachkoenig, Olaf G."},{"full_name":"Koshenova, Aigerim","first_name":"Aigerim","last_name":"Koshenova"},{"last_name":"Erdogan","first_name":"Yusuf C.","full_name":"Erdogan, Yusuf C."},{"full_name":"Sagintayev, Adlet","last_name":"Sagintayev","first_name":"Adlet"},{"last_name":"Krnjic","first_name":"Anita","full_name":"Krnjic, Anita"},{"last_name":"Pfabe","first_name":"Johannes U.","full_name":"Pfabe, Johannes U."},{"first_name":"Srdjan","last_name":"Sarikas","id":"35F0286E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Sarikas, Srdjan"},{"last_name":"Hochreiter","first_name":"Bernhard","full_name":"Hochreiter, Bernhard","id":"e6cab3de-17f6-11ed-9210-c1e42e045e9d"},{"full_name":"Gindlhuber, Juergen","first_name":"Juergen","last_name":"Gindlhuber"},{"full_name":"Schittmayer, Matthias","last_name":"Schittmayer","first_name":"Matthias"},{"last_name":"Tadic","first_name":"Jelena","full_name":"Tadic, Jelena"},{"first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Ehall","full_name":"Ehall, Barbara"},{"full_name":"Madeo, Frank","last_name":"Madeo","first_name":"Frank"},{"full_name":"Madl, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Madl"},{"full_name":"Malli, Roland","first_name":"Roland","last_name":"Malli"},{"last_name":"Birner-Gruenberger","first_name":"Ruth","full_name":"Birner-Gruenberger, Ruth"},{"full_name":"Pieber, Thomas","first_name":"Thomas","last_name":"Pieber"},{"full_name":"Eisenberg, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Eisenberg"},{"full_name":"Slak Rupnik, Marjan","first_name":"Marjan","last_name":"Slak Rupnik"},{"full_name":"Graier, Wolfgang F.","last_name":"Graier","first_name":"Wolfgang F."}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","date_updated":"2026-10-19T06:23:26Z","scopus_import":"1","OA_type":"gold","dataavailabilitystatement":"The data supporting the findings of this research can be obtained from the authors upon a reasonable request; please refer to the author’s contributions for details regarding specific datasets. Numerical source data underlying graphs in this article can be found in Supplementary data file. Supplementary Figs. and figure legends are included in the Supplementary file. The code used in this study is available from the authors on reasonable request.","PlanS_conform":"1","quality_controlled":"1","status":"public","type":"journal_article","OA_place":"publisher","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Presenilin-1 (PS1) is an endoplasmic reticulum protein, most known for its role in pathogenesis of familial Alzheimer’s Disease (AD). PS1 has been attributed roles in intracellular calcium homeostasis in the brain, as well as in the pancreatic beta cells, where it has been shown to be fundamental for the initial phase of glucose-induced insulin secretion. To gain mechanistic insight into beta cell autonomous function of PS1, we have examined various beta cell models and found that PS1 controls glycolytic flux of pancreatic beta cells by regulating sub-mitochondrial Ca2+ homeostasis. Transient knock down of PS1 yielded a glycolytic bottleneck at the step catalyzed by glyceraldehyde-3-phosphate dehydrogenase, resulting in defective glucose responsiveness. Moreover, we show that PS1 is needed for the preservation of beta cell identity, likely due to its role in glycolysis. Finally, we show that mouse islets from an in vivo model of AD mimic the defective glucose responsiveness seen in beta cells with transient PS1 knock down, while the identity loss and whole-body glucose homeostasis are not severely impacted, suggesting an adaptive response. Thus, the current work highlights beta cell autonomous role of PS1 and adds a layer of complexity in its impact on whole body metabolism."}],"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"10","ddc":["570"],"publisher":"Springer Nature","pmid":1,"date_published":"2026-10-08T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ieee":"Z. Koshenov <i>et al.</i>, “Presenilin-1 controls glycolysis and identity of pancreatic beta cells,” <i>Communications Biology</i>, vol. 9. Springer Nature, 2026.","ista":"Koshenov Z, Postic S, Schoiswohl G, Van Amsterdam S, Hois-Zelinka V, Oflaz FE, Rost R, Tiapko O, Gottschalk B, Hirtl M, Bachkoenig OG, Koshenova A, Erdogan YC, Sagintayev A, Krnjic A, Pfabe JU, Sarikas S, Hochreiter B, Gindlhuber J, Schittmayer M, Tadic J, Ehall B, Madeo F, Madl T, Malli R, Birner-Gruenberger R, Pieber T, Eisenberg T, Slak Rupnik M, Graier WF. 2026. Presenilin-1 controls glycolysis and identity of pancreatic beta cells. Communications Biology. 9, 1315.","ama":"Koshenov Z, Postic S, Schoiswohl G, et al. Presenilin-1 controls glycolysis and identity of pancreatic beta cells. <i>Communications Biology</i>. 2026;9. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6\">10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6</a>","short":"Z. Koshenov, S. Postic, G. Schoiswohl, S. Van Amsterdam, V. Hois-Zelinka, F.E. Oflaz, R. Rost, O. Tiapko, B. Gottschalk, M. Hirtl, O.G. Bachkoenig, A. Koshenova, Y.C. Erdogan, A. Sagintayev, A. Krnjic, J.U. Pfabe, S. Sarikas, B. Hochreiter, J. Gindlhuber, M. Schittmayer, J. Tadic, B. Ehall, F. Madeo, T. Madl, R. Malli, R. Birner-Gruenberger, T. Pieber, T. Eisenberg, M. Slak Rupnik, W.F. Graier, Communications Biology 9 (2026).","mla":"Koshenov, Zhanat, et al. “Presenilin-1 Controls Glycolysis and Identity of Pancreatic Beta Cells.” <i>Communications Biology</i>, vol. 9, 1315, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6\">10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6</a>.","chicago":"Koshenov, Zhanat, Sandra Postic, Gabriela Schoiswohl, Savina Van Amsterdam, Victoria Hois-Zelinka, Furkan E. Oflaz, Rene Rost, et al. “Presenilin-1 Controls Glycolysis and Identity of Pancreatic Beta Cells.” <i>Communications Biology</i>. Springer Nature, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6</a>.","apa":"Koshenov, Z., Postic, S., Schoiswohl, G., Van Amsterdam, S., Hois-Zelinka, V., Oflaz, F. E., … Graier, W. F. (2026). Presenilin-1 controls glycolysis and identity of pancreatic beta cells. <i>Communications Biology</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6\">https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6</a>"},"oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2026","publication":"Communications Biology","date_created":"2026-10-18T22:01:50Z","publication_status":"published","acknowledgement":"We appreciate the technical assistance from Anna Schreilechner. We are grateful for support by all members of the animal facility team at IMB, University of Graz, as well as K. Zierler for assistance with animal licenses.  F.M, T.E., T.M., T.P., and W.F.G. are grateful to the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) for the excellence cluster 10.55776/COE14 (MetAGE), which was additionally supported by Land Styria, Stadt Graz, University of Graz and Medical University of Graz. This research was further supported by the FWF via the DKplus program 10.55776/W1226 (DK-MCD) to F.M., T.M., R.B.G., and W.F.G., 10.55776/P28529, 10.55776/I3716 (to R.M.), 10.55776/P28854, 10.55776/I3792, 10.55776/DOC130 (to T.M.), and 10.55776/I4319 (to. M.S.R.); the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG) grants 864690 and 870454; the Integrative Metabolism Research Center Graz; the Austrian Infrastructure Program 2016/2017 (to T.M.), and 10.55776/COE7, 10.55776/COE17, 10.55776/FG12 and 10.55776/F73 (to R.B.G.); the Styrian Government; the City of Graz; and BioTechMed-Graz (flagship project) (to T.M.); the MEFO Graz (to W.F.G.). F.E.O., J.G. and Z.K. were doctoral fellows in the doctoral program Metabolic and Cardiovascular Disease (MCD) (FWF, 10.55776/W 1226) at the Medical University of Graz. S.v.A. and A.S. are thesis students in the excellence cluster 10.55776/COE14 (MetAGE, W.F.G.). M.H. was a fellow of the Molecular Medicine (MolMed) doctoral program at the Medical University of Graz supported by MEFO Graz. The SIM equipment is part of the Nikon Center of Excellence, Graz, and is supported by the Austrian infrastructure program 2013/ 2014, Nikon Austria Inc., and BioTechMed (to W.F.G.). Our thanks go to Shimadzu Austria for supporting this research through instrument access given in the Metabolomics and Bioprocess Analytics laboratory (TU Wien) (R.B.G.). For open access purposes, the authors have applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author-accepted manuscript version arising from this submission.” We thank the Medical University of Graz for financial support.","article_number":"1315","intvolume":"         9","file_date_updated":"2026-10-19T06:19:39Z","day":"08","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["2399-3642"]},"department":[{"_id":"FISS"}],"fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6","supplementarymaterial":"yes","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"23148","title":"Presenilin-1 controls glycolysis and identity of pancreatic beta cells","article_type":"original","external_id":{"pmid":["42387039"]},"das_tickbox":"1","article_processing_charge":"Yes","volume":9,"has_accepted_license":"1","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"file":[{"relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2026-10-19T06:19:39Z","success":1,"access_level":"open_access","creator":"dernst","checksum":"b90e60a625fcac8ef5d9ff968792d675","file_size":1819866,"file_name":"2026_CommunicationsBiology_Koshenov.pdf","file_id":"23161","date_created":"2026-10-19T06:19:39Z","content_type":"application/pdf"}],"researchdata_availability":"upon request","oa":1,"doi":"10.1038/s42003-026-10581-6"},{"author":[{"full_name":"Scoggins, Matthew T.","first_name":"Matthew T.","last_name":"Scoggins"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-3633-5403","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán"},{"full_name":"Pacucci, Fabio","first_name":"Fabio","last_name":"Pacucci"}],"DOAJ_listed":"1","dataavailabilitystatement":"The code used to analyse the merger trees and generate figures for this manuscript is available at this GitHub repository. All other data will be shared upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.","OA_type":"gold","scopus_import":"1","date_updated":"2026-10-19T07:05:55Z","status":"public","quality_controlled":"1","OA_place":"publisher","type":"journal_article","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"abstract":[{"text":"High-redshift supermassive black holes (SMBHs) have challenged our understanding of black hole formation and growth. The ‘heavy-seed’ pathway eases the problem with the progenitors of these SMBHs having birth masses up to∼105 M\u0003. Here, we investigate the possibility that a local dwarf galaxy, Leo I, harbours a heavy-seed descendant. Using Monte Carlo merger trees to generate the merger histories of 1000 dark matter haloes similar to the Milky Way (MW), we search for Leo- like satellite haloes and investigate the probability that the progenitors of these satellites formed a heavy seed. We derive the likelihood of such ‘heavy-seed survivors’ (HSSs) across various formation and survival criteria as well as Leo-similarity criteria. We find that the virial temperature for the onset of atomic cooling and rapid gas infall that yields heavy seeds, Tact , has the largest impact on HSS frequency. We find HSSs in a fraction 0.7 per cent, 18.1 per cent, and 96.5 per cent of MW-like haloes when Tact is set to 9000, 7000, and 5000 K, respectively. For the canonical atomic-cooling threshold ( Tact \u0002 8000 K), the HSS fraction is\u0003 1per cent , indicating that Leo I hosting a heavy-seed descendant is unlikely under well-motivated physical assumptions. Higher HSS fractions occur only under optimistic and currently unsubstantiated assumptions on Tact . Nevertheless, these results motivate future work that clarifies the possibility of heavy-seed BH formation in pristine haloes with nominal virial temperatures below 8000 K. This may motivate Leo I as a target for disentangling heavy seeds from other SMBH formation mechanisms.","lang":"eng"}],"publisher":"Oxford University Press","ddc":["520"],"month":"11","date_published":"2026-11-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ama":"Scoggins MT, Haiman Z, Pacucci F. Heavy black hole seed survivors in dwarf galaxies: A case study of Leo I. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2026;552(3). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1839\">10.1093/mnras/stag1839</a>","ieee":"M. T. Scoggins, Z. Haiman, and F. Pacucci, “Heavy black hole seed survivors in dwarf galaxies: A case study of Leo I,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 552, no. 3. Oxford University Press, 2026.","ista":"Scoggins MT, Haiman Z, Pacucci F. 2026. Heavy black hole seed survivors in dwarf galaxies: A case study of Leo I. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 552(3), stag1839.","short":"M.T. Scoggins, Z. Haiman, F. Pacucci, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 552 (2026).","apa":"Scoggins, M. T., Haiman, Z., &#38; Pacucci, F. (2026). Heavy black hole seed survivors in dwarf galaxies: A case study of Leo I. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1839\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1839</a>","chicago":"Scoggins, Matthew T., Zoltán Haiman, and Fabio Pacucci. “Heavy Black Hole Seed Survivors in Dwarf Galaxies: A Case Study of Leo I.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2026. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1839\">https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1839</a>.","mla":"Scoggins, Matthew T., et al. “Heavy Black Hole Seed Survivors in Dwarf Galaxies: A Case Study of Leo I.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 552, no. 3, stag1839, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1839\">10.1093/mnras/stag1839</a>."},"oa_version":"Published Version","publication_status":"published","date_created":"2026-10-18T22:01:51Z","year":"2026","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","intvolume":"       552","acknowledgement":"We thank the anonymous reviewer for feedback that helped clarify this manuscript. ZH acknowledges support from NSF grant AST-2006176. FP acknowledges support from the Black Hole Initiative at Harvard University, which is funded by grants from the John Templeton Foundation and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation. Merger tree generation and analysis were performed with NSF’s ACCESS allocations AST-120046 and AST-140041 on the Stampede3 resource. The freely available plotting library matplotlib (J. D. Hunter 2007) was used to construct the plots in this paper.","article_number":"stag1839","file_date_updated":"2026-10-19T07:05:43Z","day":"01","arxiv":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1365-2966"],"issn":["0035-8711"]},"department":[{"_id":"ZoHa"}],"supplementarymaterial":"no","fulldoi":"https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stag1839","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","_id":"23150","title":"Heavy black hole seed survivors in dwarf galaxies: A case study of Leo I","das_tickbox":"1","external_id":{"arxiv":["2511.04736"]},"article_type":"original","article_processing_charge":"Yes","has_accepted_license":"1","volume":552,"researchdata_availability":"yes","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)"},"file":[{"success":1,"date_updated":"2026-10-19T07:05:43Z","relation":"main_file","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1450204,"file_name":"2026_MonthNoticesRAS_Scoggins.pdf","checksum":"99a35f1305b7f1ed3813bcd51ba16724","creator":"dernst","content_type":"application/pdf","date_created":"2026-10-19T07:05:43Z","file_id":"23164"}],"oa":1,"doi":"10.1093/mnras/stag1839","issue":"3"}]