[{"publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","month":"05","year":"2009","citation":{"mla":"Tanaka, Takamitsu, and Zoltán Haiman. “The Assembly of Supermassive Black Holes at High Redshifts.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 696, no. 2, American Astronomical Society, 2009, pp. 1798–822, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798\">10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798</a>.","short":"T. Tanaka, Z. Haiman, The Astrophysical Journal 696 (2009) 1798–1822.","ista":"Tanaka T, Haiman Z. 2009. The assembly of supermassive black holes at high redshifts. The Astrophysical Journal. 696(2), 1798–1822.","chicago":"Tanaka, Takamitsu, and Zoltán Haiman. “The Assembly of Supermassive Black Holes at High Redshifts.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798</a>.","ama":"Tanaka T, Haiman Z. The assembly of supermassive black holes at high redshifts. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2009;696(2):1798-1822. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798\">10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798</a>","apa":"Tanaka, T., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2009). The assembly of supermassive black holes at high redshifts. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798</a>","ieee":"T. Tanaka and Z. Haiman, “The assembly of supermassive black holes at high redshifts,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 696, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, pp. 1798–1822, 2009."},"oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","day":"10","article_processing_charge":"No","volume":696,"date_updated":"2024-09-26T13:45:27Z","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798","status":"public","publication_status":"published","scopus_import":"1","issue":"2","date_created":"2024-09-06T09:19:25Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2009-05-10T00:00:00Z","page":"1798-1822","intvolume":"       696","_id":"17735","extern":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","article_type":"original","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","author":[{"full_name":"Tanaka, Takamitsu","last_name":"Tanaka","first_name":"Takamitsu"},{"id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The supermassive black holes (SMBHs) massive enough to power the bright redshift ~6 quasars observed in the Sloan Digital Sky Survey (SDSS) are thought to have assembled by mergers and/or gas accretion from less massive \"seed\" BHs. If the seeds are the ~100 Msol remnant BHs from the first generation of stars, they must be in place well before redshift z=6, and must avoid being ejected from their parent proto-galaxies by the large (few hundred km/s) kicks they suffer from gravitational-radiation induced recoil during mergers with other BHs. We simulate the SMBH mass function at redshift z=6 using dark matter (DM) halo merger trees, coupled with a prescription for the halo occupation fraction, accretion histories, and radial recoil trajectories of the growing BHs. Our purpose is (i) to map out plausible scenarios for successful assembly of the z~6 quasar BHs by exploring a wide region of parameter space, and (ii) to predict the rate of low-frequency gravitational wave events detectable by the Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) for each such scenario. Our main findings are as follows: (1) ~100 Msol seed BHs can grow into the SDSS quasar BHs without super--Eddington accretion, but only if they form in minihalos by z~30 and subsequently accrete ~60% of the time; (2) the scenarios with optimistic assumptions required to explain the SDSS quasar BHs overproduce the mass density in lower--mass (10^5 to 10^7 Msol) SMBHs by a factor of 100-1000, unless seeds stop forming, or accrete at a severely diminished rates or duty cycles (e.g. due to feedback), at z < 20-30. We also present several successful assembly models and their LISA detection rates, including a \"maximal\" model that gives the highest rate (~30/yr at z~6) without overproducing the total SMBH density."}],"quality_controlled":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1798","open_access":"1"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"]},"type":"journal_article","title":"The assembly of supermassive black holes at high redshifts"},{"date_created":"2024-09-06T09:20:03Z","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2009-08-17T00:00:00Z","intvolume":"        18","_id":"17736","page":"157-173","place":"Baltimore","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","extern":"1","publisher":"Cambridge University Press","conference":{"end_date":"2004-05-06","location":"Baltimore, MD, United States","name":"Proceedings of the Space Telescope Science Institute Symposium","start_date":"2004-05-03"},"author":[{"last_name":"Haiman","first_name":"Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We discuss currently available observational constraints on the reionization history of the intergalactic medium (IGM), and the extent to which accreting black holes (BHs) and stars can help account for these observations. We argue, based on the combined statistics of Lyman α and β absorption in quasar spectra, that the IGM contains a significant amount of neutral hydrogen with nH I/nH ≳ 0.1. On the other hand, we argue, based on the lack of a strong evolution in the observed abundance of Lyman α emitting galaxies beyond z ∼ 5.5, that the mean neutral hydrogen fraction cannot exceed nH I/nH ≈ 0.3 at the same redshift. We conclude that the IGM is experiencing rapid ionization at redshift z ∼ 6. We find that quasar BHs, including faint ones that are individually below the detection thresholds of existing optical and X-ray surveys, are unlikely to drive the evolution of the neutral fraction around this epoch, because they would over-produce the present-day soft X-ray background. On the other hand, the seeds of the z ∼ 6 quasar BHs likely appeared at much earlier epochs (z ∼ 20), and produced hard ionizing radiation by accretion. These early BHs are promising candidates to account for the high redshift (z ∼ 15) ionization implied by the recent cosmic microwave anisotropy data from WMAP. Using a model for the growth of BHs by accretion and mergers in a hierarchical cosmology, we suggest that the early growth of quasars must include a super-Eddington growth phase, and that, although not yet optically identified, the FIRST radio survey may have already detected several thousand > 10^8 M⊙ BHs at z > 6. "}],"quality_controlled":"1","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1017/CBO9780511536328.014"}],"type":"book_chapter","publication_identifier":{"eisbn":["9780511536328"],"isbn":["9780521847582"]},"series_title":" Space Telescope Science Institute Symposium Series","title":"Probing the reionization history of the Universe","publication":"Planets to Cosmology. Essential Science in the Final Years of the Hubble Space Telescope","month":"08","year":"2009","citation":{"ama":"Haiman Z. Probing the reionization history of the Universe. In: Livio M, Casertano S, eds. <i>Planets to Cosmology. Essential Science in the Final Years of the Hubble Space Telescope</i>. Vol 18.  Space Telescope Science Institute Symposium Series. Baltimore: Cambridge University Press; 2009:157-173. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014\">10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014</a>","apa":"Haiman, Z. (2009). Probing the reionization history of the Universe. In M. Livio &#38; S. Casertano (Eds.), <i>Planets to Cosmology. Essential Science in the Final Years of the Hubble Space Telescope</i> (Vol. 18, pp. 157–173). Baltimore: Cambridge University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014\">https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014</a>","mla":"Haiman, Zoltán. “Probing the Reionization History of the Universe.” <i>Planets to Cosmology. Essential Science in the Final Years of the Hubble Space Telescope</i>, edited by Mario Livio and Stefano Casertano, vol. 18, Cambridge University Press, 2009, pp. 157–73, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014\">10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014</a>.","ista":"Haiman Z. 2009.Probing the reionization history of the Universe. In: Planets to Cosmology. Essential Science in the Final Years of the Hubble Space Telescope. vol. 18, 157–173.","short":"Z. Haiman, in:, M. Livio, S. Casertano (Eds.), Planets to Cosmology. Essential Science in the Final Years of the Hubble Space Telescope, Cambridge University Press, Baltimore, 2009, pp. 157–173.","chicago":"Haiman, Zoltán. “Probing the Reionization History of the Universe.” In <i>Planets to Cosmology. Essential Science in the Final Years of the Hubble Space Telescope</i>, edited by Mario Livio and Stefano Casertano, 18:157–73.  Space Telescope Science Institute Symposium Series. Baltimore: Cambridge University Press, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014\">https://doi.org/10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014</a>.","ieee":"Z. Haiman, “Probing the reionization history of the Universe,” in <i>Planets to Cosmology. Essential Science in the Final Years of the Hubble Space Telescope</i>, vol. 18, M. Livio and S. Casertano, Eds. Baltimore: Cambridge University Press, 2009, pp. 157–173."},"oa_version":"None","volume":18,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"17","date_updated":"2024-09-30T07:02:44Z","editor":[{"last_name":"Livio","first_name":"Mario","full_name":"Livio, Mario"},{"first_name":"Stefano","last_name":"Casertano","full_name":"Casertano, Stefano"}],"status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1017/cbo9780511536328.014"},{"date_updated":"2024-09-30T09:19:04Z","status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","volume":26,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"07","year":"2009","citation":{"apa":"Haiman, Z., Kocsis, B., Menou, K., Lippai, Z., &#38; Frei, Z. (2009). Identifying decaying supermassive black hole binaries from their variable electromagnetic emission. <i>Classical and Quantum Gravity</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032</a>","ama":"Haiman Z, Kocsis B, Menou K, Lippai Z, Frei Z. Identifying decaying supermassive black hole binaries from their variable electromagnetic emission. <i>Classical and Quantum Gravity</i>. 2009;26(9). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032\">10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032</a>","chicago":"Haiman, Zoltán, Bence Kocsis, Kristen Menou, Zoltán Lippai, and Zsolt Frei. “Identifying Decaying Supermassive Black Hole Binaries from Their Variable Electromagnetic Emission.” <i>Classical and Quantum Gravity</i>. IOP Publishing, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032</a>.","short":"Z. Haiman, B. Kocsis, K. Menou, Z. Lippai, Z. Frei, Classical and Quantum Gravity 26 (2009).","ista":"Haiman Z, Kocsis B, Menou K, Lippai Z, Frei Z. 2009. Identifying decaying supermassive black hole binaries from their variable electromagnetic emission. Classical and Quantum Gravity. 26(9), 094032.","mla":"Haiman, Zoltán, et al. “Identifying Decaying Supermassive Black Hole Binaries from Their Variable Electromagnetic Emission.” <i>Classical and Quantum Gravity</i>, vol. 26, no. 9, 094032, IOP Publishing, 2009, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032\">10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032</a>.","ieee":"Z. Haiman, B. Kocsis, K. Menou, Z. Lippai, and Z. Frei, “Identifying decaying supermassive black hole binaries from their variable electromagnetic emission,” <i>Classical and Quantum Gravity</i>, vol. 26, no. 9. IOP Publishing, 2009."},"publication":"Classical and Quantum Gravity","month":"05","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0264-9381/26/9/094032"}],"type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0264-9381","1361-6382"]},"title":"Identifying decaying supermassive black hole binaries from their variable electromagnetic emission","author":[{"first_name":"Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","last_name":"Haiman","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán"},{"full_name":"Kocsis, Bence","first_name":"Bence","last_name":"Kocsis"},{"last_name":"Menou","first_name":"Kristen","full_name":"Menou, Kristen"},{"first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Lippai","full_name":"Lippai, Zoltán"},{"last_name":"Frei","first_name":"Zsolt","full_name":"Frei, Zsolt"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) with masses in the mass range ∼(10^4–10^7) M⊙/(1 + z), produced in galaxy mergers, are thought to complete their coalescence due to the emission of gravitational waves (GWs). The anticipated detection of the GWs by the future Laser Interferometric Space Antenna (LISA) will constitute a milestone for fundamental physics and astrophysics. While the GW signatures themselves will provide a treasure trove of information, if the source can be securely identified in electromagnetic (EM) bands, this would open up entirely new scientific opportunities, to probe fundamental physics, astrophysics and cosmology. We discuss several ideas, involving wide-field telescopes, that may be useful in locating electromagnetic counterparts to SMBHBs detected by LISA. In particular, the binary may produce a variable electromagnetic flux, such as a roughly periodic signal due to the orbital motion prior to coalescence, or a prompt transient signal caused by shocks in the circumbinary disc when the SMBHB recoils and 'shakes' the disc. We discuss whether these time-variable EM signatures may be detectable, and how they can help in identifying a unique counterpart within the localization errors provided by LISA. We also discuss a possibility of identifying a population of coalescing SMBHBs statistically, in a deep optical survey for periodically variable sources, before LISA detects the GWs directly. The discovery of such sources would confirm that gas is present in the vicinity and is being perturbed by the SMBHB—serving as a proof of concept for eventually finding actual LISA counterparts."}],"quality_controlled":"1","extern":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","publisher":"IOP Publishing","article_type":"original","issue":"9","date_created":"2024-09-06T09:51:19Z","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2009-05-07T00:00:00Z","_id":"17764","intvolume":"        26","article_number":"094032"},{"year":"2009","citation":{"ista":"Shang C, Haiman Z, Verde L. 2009. Probing cosmology and galaxy cluster structure with the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich decrement versus X-ray temperature scaling relation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 400(2), 1085–1104.","mla":"Shang, Cien, et al. “Probing Cosmology and Galaxy Cluster Structure with the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Decrement versus X-Ray Temperature Scaling Relation.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 400, no. 2, Oxford University Press, 2009, pp. 1085–104, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x</a>.","short":"C. Shang, Z. Haiman, L. Verde, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 400 (2009) 1085–1104.","chicago":"Shang, Cien, Zoltán Haiman, and Licia Verde. “Probing Cosmology and Galaxy Cluster Structure with the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Decrement versus X-Ray Temperature Scaling Relation.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x</a>.","ama":"Shang C, Haiman Z, Verde L. Probing cosmology and galaxy cluster structure with the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich decrement versus X-ray temperature scaling relation. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2009;400(2):1085-1104. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x</a>","apa":"Shang, C., Haiman, Z., &#38; Verde, L. (2009). Probing cosmology and galaxy cluster structure with the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich decrement versus X-ray temperature scaling relation. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x</a>","ieee":"C. Shang, Z. Haiman, and L. Verde, “Probing cosmology and galaxy cluster structure with the Sunyaev-Zel’dovich decrement versus X-ray temperature scaling relation,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 400, no. 2. Oxford University Press, pp. 1085–1104, 2009."},"month":"11","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","publication_status":"published","status":"public","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x","date_updated":"2024-09-30T09:24:18Z","volume":400,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"12","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","extern":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"Oxford University Press","date_published":"2009-11-12T00:00:00Z","intvolume":"       400","_id":"17765","page":"1085-1104","issue":"2","date_created":"2024-09-06T09:51:57Z","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"Probing cosmology and galaxy cluster structure with the Sunyaev-Zel'dovich decrement versus X-ray temperature scaling relation","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15527.x"}],"type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711","1365-2966"]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Scaling relations among galaxy cluster observables, which will become available in large future samples of galaxy clusters, could be used to constrain not only cluster structure, but also cosmology. We study the utility of this approach, employing a physically motivated parametric model to describe cluster structure and applying it to the expected relation between the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich decrement (Sν) and the emission-weighted X-ray temperature (Tew). The slope and normalization of the entropy profile, the concentration of the dark matter potential, the pressure at the virial radius and the level of non-thermal pressure support as well as the mass and redshift dependence of these quantities are described by free parameters. With a suitable choice of fiducial parameter values, the cluster model satisfies several existing observational constraints. We employ a Fisher matrix approach to estimate the joint errors on cosmological and cluster structure parameters from a measurement of Sν versus Tew in a future survey. We find that different cosmological parameters affect the scaling relation differently: predominantly through the baryon fraction (Ωm and Ωb), the virial overdensity (w0 and wa for low-z clusters) and the angular diameter distance (w0 and wa for high-z clusters; ΩDE and h). We find that the cosmology constraints from the scaling relation are comparable to those expected from the number counts (dN/dz) of the same clusters. The scaling-relation approach is relatively insensitive to selection effects and it offers a valuable consistency check; combining the information from the scaling relation and dN/dz is also useful to break parameter degeneracies and help disentangle cluster physics from cosmology. Our work suggests that scaling relations should be a useful component in extracting cosmological information from large future cluster surveys."}],"quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Shang","first_name":"Cien","full_name":"Shang, Cien"},{"last_name":"Haiman","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","first_name":"Zoltán","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán"},{"first_name":"Licia","last_name":"Verde","full_name":"Verde, Licia"}]},{"oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"day":"02","article_processing_charge":"No","volume":400,"date_updated":"2024-09-30T09:48:06Z","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x","status":"public","publication_status":"published","month":"12","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","year":"2009","citation":{"chicago":"Kramer, R. H., and Zoltán Haiman. “Probing Re-Ionization with Quasar Spectra: The Impact of the Intrinsic Lyman α Emission Line Shape Uncertainty.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x</a>.","ista":"Kramer RH, Haiman Z. 2009. Probing re-ionization with quasar spectra: The impact of the intrinsic Lyman α emission line shape uncertainty. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 400(3), 1493–1511.","mla":"Kramer, R. H., and Zoltán Haiman. “Probing Re-Ionization with Quasar Spectra: The Impact of the Intrinsic Lyman α Emission Line Shape Uncertainty.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 400, no. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, pp. 1493–511, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x</a>.","short":"R.H. Kramer, Z. Haiman, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 400 (2009) 1493–1511.","apa":"Kramer, R. H., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2009). Probing re-ionization with quasar spectra: The impact of the intrinsic Lyman α emission line shape uncertainty. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x</a>","ama":"Kramer RH, Haiman Z. Probing re-ionization with quasar spectra: The impact of the intrinsic Lyman α emission line shape uncertainty. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2009;400(3):1493-1511. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x</a>","ieee":"R. H. Kramer and Z. Haiman, “Probing re-ionization with quasar spectra: The impact of the intrinsic Lyman α emission line shape uncertainty,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 400, no. 3. Oxford University Press, pp. 1493–1511, 2009."},"author":[{"last_name":"Kramer","first_name":"R. H.","full_name":"Kramer, R. H."},{"full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","first_name":"Zoltán"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Arguably the best hope of understanding the tail end of the re-ionization of the intergalactic medium (IGM) at redshift z > 6 is through the detection and characterization of the Gunn–Peterson damping wing absorption of the IGM in bright quasar spectra. However, the use of quasar spectra to measure the IGM damping wing requires a model of the quasar's intrinsic Lyman α emission line. Here we quantify the uncertainties in the intrinsic line shapes, and how those uncertainties affect the determination of the IGM neutral fraction. We have assembled a catalogue of high-resolution Hubble Space Telescope spectra of the emission lines of unobscured low-redshift quasars, and have characterized the variance in the shapes of their lines. We then add simulated absorption from the high-redshift IGM to these quasar spectra in order to determine the corresponding uncertainties in re-ionization constraints using current and future samples of z > 6 quasar spectra. We find that, if the redshift of the Lyman α emission line is presumed to coincide with the systemic redshift determined from metal lines, the inferred IGM neutral fraction is systematically biased to low values due to a systematic blueshift of the Lyman α line relative to the metal lines. If a similar blueshift persists in quasars at z > 6, this bias strengthens previous claims of a significant neutral hydrogen fraction at z≈ 6. The bias can be reduced by including a Lyman α blueshift in the modelling procedure, or by excising wavelengths near the Lyman α line centre from the modelling. Intrinsic Lyman α line shape variations still induce significant scatter in the inferred xIGM values. Nevertheless, this scatter still allows a robust distinction between a highly ionized (xIGM∼ 10−3) and a neutral (xIGM= 1) IGM with even a few bright quasars. We conclude that if the variations of the intrinsic Lyman α emission line shapes in high-z quasars are similar to those at low-z, this variation will not limit the usefulness of quasar spectra in probing re-ionization.","lang":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711","1365-2966"]},"type":"journal_article","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15552.x"}],"title":"Probing re-ionization with quasar spectra: The impact of the intrinsic Lyman α emission line shape uncertainty","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","date_created":"2024-09-06T09:58:12Z","issue":"3","page":"1493-1511","intvolume":"       400","_id":"17769","date_published":"2009-12-02T00:00:00Z","article_type":"original","publisher":"Oxford University Press","extern":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345"},{"main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640","open_access":"1"}],"type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"]},"title":"Accretion shocks in clusters of galaxies and their SZ signature from cosmological simulations","author":[{"full_name":"Molnar, Sandor M.","last_name":"Molnar","first_name":"Sandor M."},{"full_name":"Hearn, Nathan","first_name":"Nathan","last_name":"Hearn"},{"full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman"},{"last_name":"Bryan","first_name":"Greg","full_name":"Bryan, Greg"},{"full_name":"Evrard, August E.","first_name":"August E.","last_name":"Evrard"},{"full_name":"Lake, George","last_name":"Lake","first_name":"George"}],"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Cold dark matter (CDM) hierarchical structure formation models predict the existence of large-scale accretion shocks between the virial and turnaround radii of clusters of galaxies. Kocsis et al. suggest that the Sunyaev–Zel'dovich signal associated with such shocks might be observable with the next generation radio interferometer, ALMA (Atacama Large Millimeter Array). We study the three-dimensional distribution of accretion shocks around individual clusters of galaxies drawn from adaptive mesh refinement (AMR) and smoothed particle hydrodynamics simulations of ΛCDM (dark energy dominated CDM) models. In relaxed clusters, we find two distinct sets of shocks. One set (\"virial shocks\"), with Mach numbers of 2.5–4, is located at radii 0.9–1.3 Rvir, where Rvir is the spherical infall estimate of the virial radius, covering about 40%–50% of the total surface area around clusters at these radii. Another set of stronger shocks (\"external shocks\") is located farther out, at about 3 Rvir, with large Mach numbers (≈100), covering about 40%–60% of the surface area. We simulate SZ surface brightness maps of relaxed massive galaxy clusters drawn from high-resolution AMR runs, and conclude that ALMA should be capable of detecting the virial shocks in massive clusters of galaxies. More simulations are needed to improve estimates of astrophysical noise and to determine optimal observational strategies."}],"extern":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","article_type":"original","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","date_created":"2024-09-06T10:01:31Z","issue":"2","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2009-05-10T00:00:00Z","intvolume":"       696","_id":"17771","page":"1640-1656","date_updated":"2024-09-30T09:59:02Z","status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","volume":696,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"10","citation":{"chicago":"Molnar, Sandor M., Nathan Hearn, Zoltán Haiman, Greg Bryan, August E. Evrard, and George Lake. “Accretion Shocks in Clusters of Galaxies and Their SZ Signature from Cosmological Simulations.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640</a>.","short":"S.M. Molnar, N. Hearn, Z. Haiman, G. Bryan, A.E. Evrard, G. Lake, The Astrophysical Journal 696 (2009) 1640–1656.","mla":"Molnar, Sandor M., et al. “Accretion Shocks in Clusters of Galaxies and Their SZ Signature from Cosmological Simulations.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 696, no. 2, American Astronomical Society, 2009, pp. 1640–56, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640\">10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640</a>.","ista":"Molnar SM, Hearn N, Haiman Z, Bryan G, Evrard AE, Lake G. 2009. Accretion shocks in clusters of galaxies and their SZ signature from cosmological simulations. The Astrophysical Journal. 696(2), 1640–1656.","ama":"Molnar SM, Hearn N, Haiman Z, Bryan G, Evrard AE, Lake G. Accretion shocks in clusters of galaxies and their SZ signature from cosmological simulations. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2009;696(2):1640-1656. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640\">10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640</a>","apa":"Molnar, S. M., Hearn, N., Haiman, Z., Bryan, G., Evrard, A. E., &#38; Lake, G. (2009). Accretion shocks in clusters of galaxies and their SZ signature from cosmological simulations. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/696/2/1640</a>","ieee":"S. M. Molnar, N. Hearn, Z. Haiman, G. Bryan, A. E. Evrard, and G. Lake, “Accretion shocks in clusters of galaxies and their SZ signature from cosmological simulations,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 696, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, pp. 1640–1656, 2009."},"year":"2009","month":"05","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal"},{"extern":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","article_type":"original","date_published":"2009-03-20T00:00:00Z","page":"867-878","intvolume":"       694","_id":"17772","scopus_import":"1","issue":"2","date_created":"2024-09-06T10:02:08Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"title":"The evolution of the mbh-σ relation inferred from the age distribution of local early-type galaxies and active galactic nuclei evolution","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"]},"type":"journal_article","abstract":[{"text":"We utilize the local velocity dispersion function (VDF) of spheroids, together with their inferred age distributions, to predict the VDF at higher redshifts (0 < z lsim 6), under the assumption that (1) most of the stars in each nearby spheroid formed in a single episode and, (2) the velocity dispersion σ remained nearly constant afterward. We assume further that a supermassive BH forms concurrently with the stars, and within ±1 Gyr of the formation of the potential well of the spheroid, and that the relation between the mass of the BH and host velocity dispersion maintains the form M BH vprop σβ with β ≈ 4, but with the normalization allowed to evolve with redshift as vprop(1 + z)α. We compute the BH mass function associated with the VDF at each redshift, and compare the accumulated total BH mass density with that inferred from the integrated quasar luminosity function (LF; the so-called Sołtan argument). This comparison is insensitive to the assumed duty cycle or Eddington ratio of quasar activity, and we find that the match between the two BH mass densities favors a relatively mild redshift evolution, with α ~ 0.33, with a positive evolution as strong as α gsim 1.3 excluded at more than 99% confidence level. A direct match between the characteristic BH mass in the VDF-based and quasar LF-based BH mass functions also yields a mean Eddington ratio of λ ~ 0.5-1 that is roughly constant within 0 lsim z lsim 3. A strong positive evolution in the M BH-σ relation is still allowed by the data if galaxies increase, on average, their velocity dispersions since the moment of formation due to dissipative processes. If we assume that the mean velocity dispersion of the host galaxies evolves as σ(z) = σ(0) × (1 + z)-γ, we find a lower limit of γ gsim 0.23 for α gsim 1.5. The latter estimate represents an interesting constraint for galaxy evolution models and can be tested through hydro simulations. This dissipative model, however, also implies a decreasing λ at higher z, at variance with several independent studies.","lang":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Francesco","last_name":"Shankar","full_name":"Shankar, Francesco"},{"full_name":"Bernardi, Mariangela","first_name":"Mariangela","last_name":"Bernardi"},{"full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman","first_name":"Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36"}],"citation":{"ieee":"F. Shankar, M. Bernardi, and Z. Haiman, “The evolution of the mbh-σ relation inferred from the age distribution of local early-type galaxies and active galactic nuclei evolution,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 694, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, pp. 867–878, 2009.","chicago":"Shankar, Francesco, Mariangela Bernardi, and Zoltán Haiman. “The Evolution of the Mbh-σ Relation Inferred from the Age Distribution of Local Early-Type Galaxies and Active Galactic Nuclei Evolution.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867</a>.","mla":"Shankar, Francesco, et al. “The Evolution of the Mbh-σ Relation Inferred from the Age Distribution of Local Early-Type Galaxies and Active Galactic Nuclei Evolution.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 694, no. 2, American Astronomical Society, 2009, pp. 867–78, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867\">10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867</a>.","ista":"Shankar F, Bernardi M, Haiman Z. 2009. The evolution of the mbh-σ relation inferred from the age distribution of local early-type galaxies and active galactic nuclei evolution. The Astrophysical Journal. 694(2), 867–878.","short":"F. Shankar, M. Bernardi, Z. Haiman, The Astrophysical Journal 694 (2009) 867–878.","apa":"Shankar, F., Bernardi, M., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2009). The evolution of the mbh-σ relation inferred from the age distribution of local early-type galaxies and active galactic nuclei evolution. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867</a>","ama":"Shankar F, Bernardi M, Haiman Z. The evolution of the mbh-σ relation inferred from the age distribution of local early-type galaxies and active galactic nuclei evolution. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2009;694(2):867-878. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867\">10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867</a>"},"year":"2009","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","month":"03","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/694/2/867","status":"public","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2024-09-30T10:55:28Z","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"20","volume":694,"oa_version":"Published Version"},{"title":"Relic H ii regions and radiative feedback at high redshifts","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x","open_access":"1"}],"type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0035-8711","1365-2966"]},"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Ultraviolet (UV) radiation from early astrophysical sources could have a large impact on subsequent star formation in nearby protogalaxies, and in general on the progress of cosmological reionization. Theoretical arguments based on the absence of metals in the early Universe suggest that the first stars were likely massive, bright, yet short-lived, with lifetimes of a few million years. Here we study the radiative feedback arising from such stars using hydrodynamical simulations with transient UV backgrounds (UVBs) and persistent Lyman–Werner backgrounds (LWBs) of varying intensity. We extend our prior work in Mesinger et al., by studying a more typical region whose protogalaxies form at lower redshifts, z∼ 13–20, in the epoch likely preceding the bulk of reionization. We confirm our previous results that feedback in the relic H ii regions resulting from such transient radiation is itself transient. Feedback effects dwindle away after ∼30 per cent of the Hubble time, and the same critical specific intensity of JUV∼ 0.1 × 10^−21 erg s^−1 cm^−2 Hz^−1 sr^−1 separates positive and negative feedback regimes. This suggests that overall feedback is fairly insensitive to the large-scale environment, overdensity and redshift-dependent halo parameters, and can accurately be modelled in this regime with just the intensity of the impinging UVB. Additionally, we discover a second episode of eventual positive feedback in haloes which have not yet collapsed when their progenitor regions were exposed to the transient UVB. When exposed to the transient UVB, this gas suffers relatively little density depletion but a significant enhancement of the molecular hydrogen abundance, thus resulting in net positive feedback. This eventual positive feedback appears in all runs, regardless of the strength of the UVB. However, this feedback regime is very sensitive to the presence of Lyman–Werner radiation, and notable effects disappear under fairly modest background intensities of JLW≳ 10^−3× 10^−21 erg s^−1 cm^−2 Hz^−1 sr^−1, assuming the region is optically thin for LW photons. Nevertheless, when exposed to the same LWB, haloes inside relic H ii regions always have a higher H2 abundance and shorter cooling times than haloes outside relic H ii regions, allowing gas to cool faster once it finally begins to collapse on to the halo. We conclude that UV radiative feedback in relic H ii regions, although a complicated process, seems unlikely to have a major impact on the progress of cosmological reionization, provided that present estimates of the lifetime and luminosity of a Population III star are accurate. More likely is that the build-up of the LWB ultimately governs the feedback strength until a persistent UV background can be established."}],"author":[{"full_name":"Mesinger, Andrei","first_name":"Andrei","last_name":"Mesinger"},{"last_name":"Bryan","first_name":"Greg L.","full_name":"Bryan, Greg L."},{"first_name":"Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","last_name":"Haiman","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán"}],"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","extern":"1","publisher":"Oxford University Press","article_type":"original","date_published":"2009-10-15T00:00:00Z","intvolume":"       399","_id":"17782","page":"1650-1662","date_created":"2024-09-06T10:16:16Z","issue":"3","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x","date_updated":"2024-09-30T12:42:48Z","volume":399,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"15","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"ieee":"A. Mesinger, G. L. Bryan, and Z. Haiman, “Relic H ii regions and radiative feedback at high redshifts,” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 399, no. 3. Oxford University Press, pp. 1650–1662, 2009.","mla":"Mesinger, Andrei, et al. “Relic H Ii Regions and Radiative Feedback at High Redshifts.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>, vol. 399, no. 3, Oxford University Press, 2009, pp. 1650–62, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x</a>.","ista":"Mesinger A, Bryan GL, Haiman Z. 2009. Relic H ii regions and radiative feedback at high redshifts. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 399(3), 1650–1662.","short":"A. Mesinger, G.L. Bryan, Z. Haiman, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 399 (2009) 1650–1662.","chicago":"Mesinger, Andrei, Greg L. Bryan, and Zoltán Haiman. “Relic H Ii Regions and Radiative Feedback at High Redshifts.” <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x</a>.","ama":"Mesinger A, Bryan GL, Haiman Z. Relic H ii regions and radiative feedback at high redshifts. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. 2009;399(3):1650-1662. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x\">10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x</a>","apa":"Mesinger, A., Bryan, G. L., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2009). Relic H ii regions and radiative feedback at high redshifts. <i>Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society</i>. Oxford University Press. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x\">https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-2966.2009.15404.x</a>"},"year":"2009","publication":"Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society","month":"10"},{"citation":{"short":"Z. Lippai, Z. Frei, Z. Haiman, The Astrophysical Journal 701 (2009) 360–368.","ista":"Lippai Z, Frei Z, Haiman Z. 2009. On the occupation fraction of seed black holes in high-redshift dark matter halos. The Astrophysical Journal. 701(1), 360–368.","mla":"Lippai, Zoltán, et al. “On the Occupation Fraction of Seed Black Holes in High-Redshift Dark Matter Halos.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 701, no. 1, American Astronomical Society, 2009, pp. 360–68, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360\">10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360</a>.","chicago":"Lippai, Zoltán, Zsolt Frei, and Zoltán Haiman. “On the Occupation Fraction of Seed Black Holes in High-Redshift Dark Matter Halos.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360</a>.","apa":"Lippai, Z., Frei, Z., &#38; Haiman, Z. (2009). On the occupation fraction of seed black holes in high-redshift dark matter halos. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360</a>","ama":"Lippai Z, Frei Z, Haiman Z. On the occupation fraction of seed black holes in high-redshift dark matter halos. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2009;701(1):360-368. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360\">10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360</a>","ieee":"Z. Lippai, Z. Frei, and Z. Haiman, “On the occupation fraction of seed black holes in high-redshift dark matter halos,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 701, no. 1. American Astronomical Society, pp. 360–368, 2009."},"year":"2009","month":"07","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/701/1/360","publication_status":"published","status":"public","date_updated":"2024-10-02T07:26:28Z","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"22","volume":701,"oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"publisher":"American Astronomical Society","article_type":"original","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1","page":"360-368","intvolume":"       701","_id":"17797","date_published":"2009-07-22T00:00:00Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","issue":"1","date_created":"2024-09-06T10:29:07Z","title":"On the occupation fraction of seed black holes in high-redshift dark matter halos","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1538-4357"],"issn":["0004-637X"]},"type":"journal_article","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/701/1/360","open_access":"1"}],"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"It is well known that an initial population of seed black holes (BHs), formed in the nuclei of low-mass galaxies at high redshift, can simultaneously explain, through their subsequent growth by mergers and accretion, both the observed evolution of the quasar luminosity function (LF) and the distribution of remnant supermassive black hole (SMBH) masses measured in local galactic nuclei. Here we consider three very different initial conditions for this scenario: models in which initial seed BHs form in either all, or only a small fraction (fbh = 0.1 or 0.01) of high-redshift dark matter halos (with Mhalo = 5 × 109 M☉ at z = 6–10). We show that with a suitable and relatively minor adjustment of two global physical parameters (the radiative efficiency and mass accretion time-scale of quasar episodes), models with fbh ≈ 0.1 and 1 can accurately reproduce the observed quasar LF at redshifts 0 < z ≲ 6, as well as the remnant SMBH mass function at z = 0. However, SMBHs remain rare, and the normalization of the high-z quasar LF and the local SMBH mass function are both significantly underpredicted, if fbh ≲ 0.01. We also show that the merger history of SMBHs, in the mass range detectable by the future Laser Interferometer Space Antenna (LISA) instrument, generically looks different as fbh is varied; this should allow LISA to deliver useful constraints on otherwise degenerate models."}],"author":[{"last_name":"Lippai","first_name":"Zoltán","full_name":"Lippai, Zoltán"},{"last_name":"Frei","first_name":"Zsolt","full_name":"Frei, Zsolt"},{"last_name":"Haiman","first_name":"Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","orcid":"0000-0003-3633-5403","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán"}]},{"issue":"2","date_created":"2024-09-06T11:33:49Z","OA_place":"repository","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2009-03-10T00:00:00Z","_id":"17805","intvolume":"       693","page":"1610-1620","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","author":[{"full_name":"Greiner, J.","first_name":"J.","last_name":"Greiner"},{"full_name":"Krühler, T.","first_name":"T.","last_name":"Krühler"},{"full_name":"Fynbo, J. P. U.","last_name":"Fynbo","first_name":"J. P. U."},{"first_name":"A.","last_name":"Rossi","full_name":"Rossi, A."},{"last_name":"Schwarz","first_name":"R.","full_name":"Schwarz, R."},{"full_name":"Klose, S.","first_name":"S.","last_name":"Klose"},{"full_name":"Savaglio, S.","last_name":"Savaglio","first_name":"S."},{"full_name":"Tanvir, N. R.","first_name":"N. R.","last_name":"Tanvir"},{"last_name":"McBreen","first_name":"S.","full_name":"McBreen, S."},{"last_name":"Totani","first_name":"T.","full_name":"Totani, T."},{"first_name":"B. B.","last_name":"Zhang","full_name":"Zhang, B. B."},{"first_name":"X. F.","last_name":"Wu","full_name":"Wu, X. F."},{"full_name":"Watson, D.","last_name":"Watson","first_name":"D."},{"last_name":"Barthelmy","first_name":"S. D.","full_name":"Barthelmy, S. D."},{"first_name":"A. P.","last_name":"Beardmore","full_name":"Beardmore, A. P."},{"full_name":"Ferrero, P.","first_name":"P.","last_name":"Ferrero"},{"first_name":"N.","last_name":"Gehrels","full_name":"Gehrels, N."},{"last_name":"Kann","first_name":"D. A.","full_name":"Kann, D. A."},{"full_name":"Kawai, N.","first_name":"N.","last_name":"Kawai"},{"full_name":"Yoldaş, A. Küpcü","last_name":"Yoldaş","first_name":"A. Küpcü"},{"full_name":"Mészáros, P.","last_name":"Mészáros","first_name":"P."},{"last_name":"Milvang-Jensen","first_name":"B.","full_name":"Milvang-Jensen, B."},{"last_name":"Oates","first_name":"S. R.","full_name":"Oates, S. R."},{"last_name":"Pierini","first_name":"D.","full_name":"Pierini, D."},{"first_name":"P.","last_name":"Schady","full_name":"Schady, P."},{"full_name":"Toma, K.","first_name":"K.","last_name":"Toma"},{"last_name":"Vreeswijk","first_name":"P. M.","full_name":"Vreeswijk, P. M."},{"full_name":"Yoldaş, A.","first_name":"A.","last_name":"Yoldaş"},{"full_name":"Zhang, B.","first_name":"B.","last_name":"Zhang"},{"full_name":"Afonso, P.","first_name":"P.","last_name":"Afonso"},{"full_name":"Aoki, K.","last_name":"Aoki","first_name":"K."},{"full_name":"Burrows, D. N.","last_name":"Burrows","first_name":"D. N."},{"last_name":"Clemens","first_name":"C.","full_name":"Clemens, C."},{"full_name":"Filgas, R.","last_name":"Filgas","first_name":"R."},{"full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán","id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","first_name":"Zoltán","orcid":"0000-0003-3633-5403","last_name":"Haiman"},{"full_name":"Hartmann, D. H.","last_name":"Hartmann","first_name":"D. H."},{"first_name":"G.","last_name":"Hasinger","full_name":"Hasinger, G."},{"first_name":"J.","last_name":"Hjorth","full_name":"Hjorth, J."},{"full_name":"Jehin, E.","first_name":"E.","last_name":"Jehin"},{"last_name":"Levan","first_name":"A. J.","full_name":"Levan, A. J."},{"full_name":"Liang, E. W.","last_name":"Liang","first_name":"E. W."},{"last_name":"Malesani","first_name":"D.","full_name":"Malesani, D."},{"full_name":"Pyo, T.-S.","last_name":"Pyo","first_name":"T.-S."},{"full_name":"Schulze, S.","last_name":"Schulze","first_name":"S."},{"full_name":"Szokoly, G.","last_name":"Szokoly","first_name":"G."},{"last_name":"Terada","first_name":"K.","full_name":"Terada, K."},{"full_name":"Wiersema, K.","first_name":"K.","last_name":"Wiersema"}],"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We report on the detection by Swift of GRB 080913, and subsequent optical/near-infrared follow-up observations by GROND, which led to the discovery of its optical/NIR afterglow and the recognition of its high-z nature via the detection of a spectral break between the i' and z' bands. Spectroscopy obtained at the ESO-VLT revealed a continuum extending down to λ = 9400 Å, and zero flux for 7500 Å<λ < 9400 Å, which we interpret as the onset of a Gunn–Peterson trough at z = 6.695± 0.025 (95.5% confidence level), making GRB 080913 the highest-redshift gamma-ray burst (GRB) to date, and more distant than the highest-redshift QSO. We note that many redshift indicators that are based on promptly available burst or afterglow properties have failed for GRB 080913. We report on our follow-up campaign and compare the properties of GRB 080913 with bursts at lower redshift. In particular, since the afterglow of this burst is fainter than typical for GRBs, we show that 2 m class telescopes can identify most high-redshift GRBs."}],"main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.0810.2314"}],"type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1538-4357"],"issn":["0004-637X"]},"arxiv":1,"title":"GRB 080913 at redshift 6.7","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","month":"03","citation":{"ieee":"J. Greiner <i>et al.</i>, “GRB 080913 at redshift 6.7,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 693, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, pp. 1610–1620, 2009.","chicago":"Greiner, J., T. Krühler, J. P. U. Fynbo, A. Rossi, R. Schwarz, S. Klose, S. Savaglio, et al. “GRB 080913 at Redshift 6.7.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610</a>.","ista":"Greiner J, Krühler T, Fynbo JPU, Rossi A, Schwarz R, Klose S, Savaglio S, Tanvir NR, McBreen S, Totani T, Zhang BB, Wu XF, Watson D, Barthelmy SD, Beardmore AP, Ferrero P, Gehrels N, Kann DA, Kawai N, Yoldaş AK, Mészáros P, Milvang-Jensen B, Oates SR, Pierini D, Schady P, Toma K, Vreeswijk PM, Yoldaş A, Zhang B, Afonso P, Aoki K, Burrows DN, Clemens C, Filgas R, Haiman Z, Hartmann DH, Hasinger G, Hjorth J, Jehin E, Levan AJ, Liang EW, Malesani D, Pyo T-S, Schulze S, Szokoly G, Terada K, Wiersema K. 2009. GRB 080913 at redshift 6.7. The Astrophysical Journal. 693(2), 1610–1620.","mla":"Greiner, J., et al. “GRB 080913 at Redshift 6.7.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 693, no. 2, American Astronomical Society, 2009, pp. 1610–20, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610\">10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610</a>.","short":"J. Greiner, T. Krühler, J.P.U. Fynbo, A. Rossi, R. Schwarz, S. Klose, S. Savaglio, N.R. Tanvir, S. McBreen, T. Totani, B.B. Zhang, X.F. Wu, D. Watson, S.D. Barthelmy, A.P. Beardmore, P. Ferrero, N. Gehrels, D.A. Kann, N. Kawai, A.K. Yoldaş, P. Mészáros, B. Milvang-Jensen, S.R. Oates, D. Pierini, P. Schady, K. Toma, P.M. Vreeswijk, A. Yoldaş, B. Zhang, P. Afonso, K. Aoki, D.N. Burrows, C. Clemens, R. Filgas, Z. Haiman, D.H. Hartmann, G. Hasinger, J. Hjorth, E. Jehin, A.J. Levan, E.W. Liang, D. Malesani, T.-S. Pyo, S. Schulze, G. Szokoly, K. Terada, K. Wiersema, The Astrophysical Journal 693 (2009) 1610–1620.","apa":"Greiner, J., Krühler, T., Fynbo, J. P. U., Rossi, A., Schwarz, R., Klose, S., … Wiersema, K. (2009). GRB 080913 at redshift 6.7. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610</a>","ama":"Greiner J, Krühler T, Fynbo JPU, et al. GRB 080913 at redshift 6.7. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2009;693(2):1610-1620. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610\">10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610</a>"},"year":"2009","external_id":{"arxiv":["0810.2314"]},"oa":1,"OA_type":"free access","oa_version":"Preprint","volume":693,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"10","date_updated":"2024-11-12T10:14:41Z","status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/693/2/1610"},{"related_material":{"link":[{"relation":"erratum","url":"https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac93f7"}]},"title":"The population of viscosity- and gravitational wave-driven supermassive black hole binaries among luminous active galactic nuclei","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637X/700/2/1952"}],"type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0004-637X","1538-4357"]},"abstract":[{"text":"Supermassive black hole binaries (SMBHBs) in galactic nuclei are thought to be a common by-product of major galaxy mergers. We use simple disk models for the circumbinary gas and for the binary–disk interaction to follow the orbital decay of SMBHBs with a range of total masses (M) and mass ratios (q), through physically distinct regions of the disk, until gravitational waves (GWs) take over their evolution. Prior to the GW-driven phase, the viscous decay is generically in the stalled \"secondary-dominated\" regime. SMBHBs spend a non-negligible fraction of a fiducial time of 107 yr at orbital periods between days ≲torb≲ yr, and we argue that they may be sufficiently common to be detectable, provided they are luminous during these stages. A dedicated optical or X-ray survey could identify coalescing SMBHBs statistically, as a population of periodically variable quasars, whose abundance obeys the scaling Nvar ∝ tαvar within a range of periods around tvar∼ tens of weeks. SMBHBs with M ≲ 107 M☉, with 0.5 ≲ α ≲ 1.5, would probe the physics of viscous orbital decay, whereas the detection of a population of higher-mass binaries, with α = 8/3, would confirm that their decay is driven by GWs. The lowest-mass SMBHBs (M ≲ 105–6 M☉) enter the GW-driven regime at short orbital periods, when they are already in the frequency band of the Laser Interferometric Space Antenna (LISA). While viscous processes are negligible in the last few years of coalescence, they could reduce the amplitude of any unresolved background due to near-stationary LISA sources. We discuss modest constraints on the SMBHB population already available from existing data, and the sensitivity and sky coverage requirements for a detection in future surveys. SMBHBs may also be identified from velocity shifts in their spectra; we discuss the expected abundance of SMBHBs as a function of their orbital velocity.","lang":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"id":"7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36","first_name":"Zoltán","last_name":"Haiman","full_name":"Haiman, Zoltán"},{"last_name":"Kocsis","first_name":"Bence","full_name":"Kocsis, Bence"},{"first_name":"Kristen","last_name":"Menou","full_name":"Menou, Kristen"}],"extern":"1","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","article_type":"original","publisher":"American Astronomical Society","date_published":"2009-07-17T00:00:00Z","_id":"17809","intvolume":"       700","page":"1952-1969","issue":"2","date_created":"2024-09-06T11:38:01Z","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952","date_updated":"2024-09-18T12:26:50Z","volume":700,"day":"17","article_processing_charge":"No","oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","citation":{"apa":"Haiman, Z., Kocsis, B., &#38; Menou, K. (2009). The population of viscosity- and gravitational wave-driven supermassive black hole binaries among luminous active galactic nuclei. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952</a>","ama":"Haiman Z, Kocsis B, Menou K. The population of viscosity- and gravitational wave-driven supermassive black hole binaries among luminous active galactic nuclei. <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. 2009;700(2):1952-1969. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952\">10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952</a>","chicago":"Haiman, Zoltán, Bence Kocsis, and Kristen Menou. “The Population of Viscosity- and Gravitational Wave-Driven Supermassive Black Hole Binaries among Luminous Active Galactic Nuclei.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>. American Astronomical Society, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952</a>.","short":"Z. Haiman, B. Kocsis, K. Menou, The Astrophysical Journal 700 (2009) 1952–1969.","ista":"Haiman Z, Kocsis B, Menou K. 2009. The population of viscosity- and gravitational wave-driven supermassive black hole binaries among luminous active galactic nuclei. The Astrophysical Journal. 700(2), 1952–1969.","mla":"Haiman, Zoltán, et al. “The Population of Viscosity- and Gravitational Wave-Driven Supermassive Black Hole Binaries among Luminous Active Galactic Nuclei.” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 700, no. 2, American Astronomical Society, 2009, pp. 1952–69, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952\">10.1088/0004-637x/700/2/1952</a>.","ieee":"Z. Haiman, B. Kocsis, and K. Menou, “The population of viscosity- and gravitational wave-driven supermassive black hole binaries among luminous active galactic nuclei,” <i>The Astrophysical Journal</i>, vol. 700, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, pp. 1952–1969, 2009."},"year":"2009","publication":"The Astrophysical Journal","month":"07"},{"publist_id":"5312","extern":1,"citation":{"chicago":"Siegert, Sandra, Brigitte Scherf, Karina Del Punta, Nick Didkovsky, Nathaniel Heintz, and Botond Roska. “Genetic Address Book for Retinal Cell Types.” <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2370\">https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2370</a>.","mla":"Siegert, Sandra, et al. “Genetic Address Book for Retinal Cell Types.” <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>, vol. 12, no. 9, Nature Publishing Group, 2009, pp. 1197–204, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2370\">10.1038/nn.2370</a>.","ista":"Siegert S, Scherf B, Del Punta K, Didkovsky N, Heintz N, Roska B. 2009. Genetic address book for retinal cell types. Nature Neuroscience. 12(9), 1197–1204.","short":"S. Siegert, B. Scherf, K. Del Punta, N. Didkovsky, N. Heintz, B. Roska, Nature Neuroscience 12 (2009) 1197–1204.","apa":"Siegert, S., Scherf, B., Del Punta, K., Didkovsky, N., Heintz, N., &#38; Roska, B. (2009). Genetic address book for retinal cell types. <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2370\">https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2370</a>","ama":"Siegert S, Scherf B, Del Punta K, Didkovsky N, Heintz N, Roska B. Genetic address book for retinal cell types. <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>. 2009;12(9):1197-1204. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2370\">10.1038/nn.2370</a>","ieee":"S. Siegert, B. Scherf, K. Del Punta, N. Didkovsky, N. Heintz, and B. Roska, “Genetic address book for retinal cell types,” <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>, vol. 12, no. 9. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 1197–1204, 2009."},"year":"2009","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group","date_published":"2009-09-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"1798","intvolume":"        12","page":"1197 - 1204","issue":"9","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:04Z","publication":"Nature Neuroscience","month":"09","acknowledgement":"This study was supported by Friedrich Miescher Institute funds, a US Office of Naval Research Naval International Cooperative Opportunities in Science and Technology Program grant, a Marie Curie Excellence grant, a National Center for Competence in Research in Genetics grant and a European Union HEALTH-F2-223156 grant to B.R., and by National Institute of Neurological Disorders and Stroke contracts N01NS02331 and HHSN271200723701C to N.H.","status":"public","publication_status":"published","title":"Genetic address book for retinal cell types","doi":"10.1038/nn.2370","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:53:16Z","type":"journal_article","volume":12,"quality_controlled":0,"day":"01","abstract":[{"text":"The mammalian brain is assembled from thousands of neuronal cell types that are organized in distinct circuits to perform behaviorally relevant computations. Transgenic mouse lines with selectively marked cell types would facilitate our ability to dissect functional components of complex circuits. We carried out a screen for cell type-specific green fluorescent protein expression in the retina using BAC transgenic mice from the GENSAT project. Among others, we identified mouse lines in which the inhibitory cell types of the night vision and directional selective circuit were selectively labeled. We quantified the stratification patterns to predict potential synaptic connectivity between marked cells of different lines and found that some of the lines enabled targeted recordings and imaging of cell types from developing or mature retinal circuits. Our results suggest the potential use of a stratification-based screening approach for characterizing neuronal circuitry in other layered brain structures, such as the neocortex.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Siegert","first_name":"Sandra","id":"36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0001-8635-0877","full_name":"Sandra Siegert"},{"first_name":"Brigitte","last_name":"Scherf","full_name":"Scherf, Brigitte G"},{"full_name":"Del Punta, Karina","last_name":"Del Punta","first_name":"Karina"},{"full_name":"Didkovsky, Nick","first_name":"Nick","last_name":"Didkovsky"},{"last_name":"Heintz","first_name":"Nathaniel","full_name":"Heintz, Nathaniel M"},{"full_name":"Roska, Botond M","last_name":"Roska","first_name":"Botond"}]},{"volume":12,"day":"01","quality_controlled":0,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The detection of approaching objects, such as looming predators, is necessary for survival. Which neurons and circuits mediate this function? We combined genetic labeling of cell types, two-photon microscopy, electrophysiology and theoretical modeling to address this question. We identify an approach-sensitive ganglion cell type in the mouse retina, resolve elements of its afferent neural circuit, and describe how these confer approach sensitivity on the ganglion cell. The circuit's essential building block is a rapid inhibitory pathway: it selectively suppresses responses to non-approaching objects. This rapid inhibitory pathway, which includes AII amacrine cells connected to bipolar cells through electrical synapses, was previously described in the context of night-time vision. In the daytime conditions of our experiments, the same pathway conveys signals in the reverse direction. The dual use of a neural pathway in different physiological conditions illustrates the efficiency with which several functions can be accommodated in a single circuit."}],"author":[{"last_name":"Münch","first_name":"Thomas","full_name":"Münch, Thomas A"},{"full_name":"Da Silveira, Ravá A","last_name":"Da Silveira","first_name":"Ravá"},{"full_name":"Sandra Siegert","last_name":"Siegert","id":"36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Sandra","orcid":"0000-0001-8635-0877"},{"last_name":"Viney","first_name":"Tim","full_name":"Viney, Tim J"},{"first_name":"Gautam","last_name":"Awatramani","full_name":"Awatramani, Gautam B"},{"full_name":"Roska, Botond M","last_name":"Roska","first_name":"Botond"}],"publication_status":"published","status":"public","doi":"10.1038/nn.2389","title":"Approach sensitivity in the retina processed by a multifunctional neural circuit","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:53:16Z","type":"journal_article","date_published":"2009-10-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"1799","intvolume":"        12","page":"1308 - 1316","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:04Z","issue":"10","publication":"Nature Neuroscience","month":"10","acknowledgement":"The study was supported by Friedrich Miescher Institute funds, a US Office of Naval Research Naval International Cooperative Opportunities in Science and Technology program grant, a Marie Curie Excellence Grant, a Human Frontier Science Program Young Investigator grant, a National Centers of Competence in Research in Genetics grant and a European Union HEALTH-F2-223156 grant to B.R., a Marie Curie Postdoctoral Fellowship to T.A.M., the Centre National de la Recherche Scientifique through the Unité Mixte de Recherche 8550 to R.A.d.S.","publist_id":"5311","extern":1,"citation":{"apa":"Münch, T., Da Silveira, R., Siegert, S., Viney, T., Awatramani, G., &#38; Roska, B. (2009). Approach sensitivity in the retina processed by a multifunctional neural circuit. <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2389\">https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2389</a>","ama":"Münch T, Da Silveira R, Siegert S, Viney T, Awatramani G, Roska B. Approach sensitivity in the retina processed by a multifunctional neural circuit. <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>. 2009;12(10):1308-1316. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2389\">10.1038/nn.2389</a>","chicago":"Münch, Thomas, Ravá Da Silveira, Sandra Siegert, Tim Viney, Gautam Awatramani, and Botond Roska. “Approach Sensitivity in the Retina Processed by a Multifunctional Neural Circuit.” <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2389\">https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2389</a>.","mla":"Münch, Thomas, et al. “Approach Sensitivity in the Retina Processed by a Multifunctional Neural Circuit.” <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>, vol. 12, no. 10, Nature Publishing Group, 2009, pp. 1308–16, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nn.2389\">10.1038/nn.2389</a>.","short":"T. Münch, R. Da Silveira, S. Siegert, T. Viney, G. Awatramani, B. Roska, Nature Neuroscience 12 (2009) 1308–1316.","ista":"Münch T, Da Silveira R, Siegert S, Viney T, Awatramani G, Roska B. 2009. Approach sensitivity in the retina processed by a multifunctional neural circuit. Nature Neuroscience. 12(10), 1308–1316.","ieee":"T. Münch, R. Da Silveira, S. Siegert, T. Viney, G. Awatramani, and B. Roska, “Approach sensitivity in the retina processed by a multifunctional neural circuit,” <i>Nature Neuroscience</i>, vol. 12, no. 10. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 1308–1316, 2009."},"year":"2009","publisher":"Nature Publishing Group"},{"issue":"43","date_created":"2024-09-09T13:49:43Z","scopus_import":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"pmid":1,"date_published":"2009-10-02T00:00:00Z","_id":"18028","intvolume":"        20","article_number":"434009","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1","article_type":"original","publisher":"IOP Publishing","author":[{"full_name":"Widawsky, J R","last_name":"Widawsky","first_name":"J R"},{"first_name":"M","last_name":"Kamenetska","full_name":"Kamenetska, M"},{"last_name":"Klare","first_name":"J","full_name":"Klare, J"},{"full_name":"Nuckolls, C","first_name":"C","last_name":"Nuckolls"},{"full_name":"Steigerwald, M L","first_name":"M L","last_name":"Steigerwald"},{"last_name":"Hybertsen","first_name":"M S","full_name":"Hybertsen, M S"},{"full_name":"Venkataraman, Latha","orcid":"0000-0002-6957-6089","id":"9ebb78a5-cc0d-11ee-8322-fae086a32caf","first_name":"Latha","last_name":"Venkataraman"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"We measure the conductance and current–voltage characteristics of two amine-terminated molecular wires— 4,4'-diaminostilbene and bis-(4-aminophenyl)acetylene—by breaking Au point contacts in a molecular solution at room temperature. Histograms compiled from thousands of measurements show a slight increase in the molecular junction conductance (I/V) as the bias is increased to nearly 450 mV. Comparatively, similar conductance measurements made with 1,6-diaminohexane, a saturated molecule, demonstrate almost no bias dependence. We also present a new technique to measure a statistically defined current–voltage (I–V) curve. Application to all three molecules shows that 4,4'-diaminostilbene exhibits the largest increase in differential conductance as a function of applied bias. This indicates that the predominant transport channel for 4,4'-diaminostilbene (the highest occupied molecular orbital) is closer to the Fermi level of the metal than that of the other molecules, consistent with the trends observed in the molecular ionization potential. We find that junctions constructed with the conjugated molecules show greater noise in individual junctions and less structural stability, on average, at biases greater than 450 mV. In contrast, junctions formed with the alkane can sustain a bias of up to 900 mV. This significantly affects the statistically averaged I–V characteristic measured for the conjugated molecules at higher bias."}],"quality_controlled":"1","type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1361-6528"],"issn":["0957-4484"]},"title":"Measurement of voltage-dependent electronic transport across amine-linked single-molecular-wire junctions","month":"10","publication":"Nanotechnology","citation":{"ieee":"J. R. Widawsky <i>et al.</i>, “Measurement of voltage-dependent electronic transport across amine-linked single-molecular-wire junctions,” <i>Nanotechnology</i>, vol. 20, no. 43. IOP Publishing, 2009.","apa":"Widawsky, J. R., Kamenetska, M., Klare, J., Nuckolls, C., Steigerwald, M. L., Hybertsen, M. S., &#38; Venkataraman, L. (2009). Measurement of voltage-dependent electronic transport across amine-linked single-molecular-wire junctions. <i>Nanotechnology</i>. IOP Publishing. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009</a>","ama":"Widawsky JR, Kamenetska M, Klare J, et al. Measurement of voltage-dependent electronic transport across amine-linked single-molecular-wire junctions. <i>Nanotechnology</i>. 2009;20(43). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009\">10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009</a>","chicago":"Widawsky, J R, M Kamenetska, J Klare, C Nuckolls, M L Steigerwald, M S Hybertsen, and Latha Venkataraman. “Measurement of Voltage-Dependent Electronic Transport across Amine-Linked Single-Molecular-Wire Junctions.” <i>Nanotechnology</i>. IOP Publishing, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009\">https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009</a>.","short":"J.R. Widawsky, M. Kamenetska, J. Klare, C. Nuckolls, M.L. Steigerwald, M.S. Hybertsen, L. Venkataraman, Nanotechnology 20 (2009).","ista":"Widawsky JR, Kamenetska M, Klare J, Nuckolls C, Steigerwald ML, Hybertsen MS, Venkataraman L. 2009. Measurement of voltage-dependent electronic transport across amine-linked single-molecular-wire junctions. Nanotechnology. 20(43), 434009.","mla":"Widawsky, J. R., et al. “Measurement of Voltage-Dependent Electronic Transport across Amine-Linked Single-Molecular-Wire Junctions.” <i>Nanotechnology</i>, vol. 20, no. 43, 434009, IOP Publishing, 2009, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009\">10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009</a>."},"year":"2009","external_id":{"pmid":["19801764"]},"OA_type":"closed access","oa_version":"None","volume":20,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"02","date_updated":"2025-01-03T10:12:29Z","publication_status":"published","status":"public","doi":"10.1088/0957-4484/20/43/434009"},{"oa_version":"None","OA_type":"closed access","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"17","volume":131,"date_updated":"2025-01-03T10:14:29Z","doi":"10.1021/ja903731m","publication_status":"published","status":"public","month":"07","publication":"Journal of the American Chemical Society","external_id":{"pmid":["19722660"]},"citation":{"ieee":"Y. S. Park <i>et al.</i>, “Frustrated rotations in single-molecule junctions,” <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>, vol. 131, no. 31. American Chemical Society, pp. 10820–10821, 2009.","mla":"Park, Young S., et al. “Frustrated Rotations in Single-Molecule Junctions.” <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>, vol. 131, no. 31, American Chemical Society, 2009, pp. 10820–21, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja903731m\">10.1021/ja903731m</a>.","short":"Y.S. Park, J.R. Widawsky, M. Kamenetska, M.L. Steigerwald, M.S. Hybertsen, C. Nuckolls, L. Venkataraman, Journal of the American Chemical Society 131 (2009) 10820–10821.","ista":"Park YS, Widawsky JR, Kamenetska M, Steigerwald ML, Hybertsen MS, Nuckolls C, Venkataraman L. 2009. Frustrated rotations in single-molecule junctions. Journal of the American Chemical Society. 131(31), 10820–10821.","chicago":"Park, Young S., Jonathan R. Widawsky, Maria Kamenetska, Michael L. Steigerwald, Mark S. Hybertsen, Colin Nuckolls, and Latha Venkataraman. “Frustrated Rotations in Single-Molecule Junctions.” <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. American Chemical Society, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja903731m\">https://doi.org/10.1021/ja903731m</a>.","apa":"Park, Y. S., Widawsky, J. R., Kamenetska, M., Steigerwald, M. L., Hybertsen, M. S., Nuckolls, C., &#38; Venkataraman, L. (2009). Frustrated rotations in single-molecule junctions. <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. American Chemical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja903731m\">https://doi.org/10.1021/ja903731m</a>","ama":"Park YS, Widawsky JR, Kamenetska M, et al. Frustrated rotations in single-molecule junctions. <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. 2009;131(31):10820-10821. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/ja903731m\">10.1021/ja903731m</a>"},"year":"2009","author":[{"full_name":"Park, Young S.","last_name":"Park","first_name":"Young S."},{"first_name":"Jonathan R.","last_name":"Widawsky","full_name":"Widawsky, Jonathan R."},{"first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Kamenetska","full_name":"Kamenetska, Maria"},{"first_name":"Michael L.","last_name":"Steigerwald","full_name":"Steigerwald, Michael L."},{"full_name":"Hybertsen, Mark S.","last_name":"Hybertsen","first_name":"Mark S."},{"first_name":"Colin","last_name":"Nuckolls","full_name":"Nuckolls, Colin"},{"full_name":"Venkataraman, Latha","orcid":"0000-0002-6957-6089","id":"9ebb78a5-cc0d-11ee-8322-fae086a32caf","first_name":"Latha","last_name":"Venkataraman"}],"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"text":"We compare the conductance of 1,4-bis(methylthio)benzene with that of 2,3,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]dithiophene and the conductance of 1,4-bis(methylseleno)benzene with that of 2,3,6,7-tetrahydrobenzo[1,2-b:4,5-b′]diselenophene and show explicitly that the orientation of an Au−S or Au−Se bond relative to the aromatic π system controls electron transport through conjugated molecules. Specifically, we have found that the conduction pathway connects the Au electrodes to the aromatic π-system via the chalcogen p lone pairs, and greater overlaps among these components lead to higher conductivity through the molecular junction.","lang":"eng"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1520-5126"],"issn":["0002-7863"]},"type":"journal_article","title":"Frustrated rotations in single-molecule junctions","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","date_created":"2024-09-09T13:51:45Z","issue":"31","page":"10820-10821","intvolume":"       131","_id":"18029","pmid":1,"date_published":"2009-07-17T00:00:00Z","publisher":"American Chemical Society","article_type":"letter_note","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1"},{"article_type":"original","publisher":"American Physical Society","extern":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_number":"126803","intvolume":"       102","_id":"18030","date_published":"2009-03-24T00:00:00Z","pmid":1,"language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"scopus_import":"1","issue":"12","date_created":"2024-09-09T13:52:37Z","OA_place":"repository","title":"Formation and evolution of single-molecule junctions","arxiv":1,"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1079-7114"],"issn":["0031-9007"]},"type":"journal_article","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/0901.1134","open_access":"1"}],"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"text":"We analyze the formation and evolution statistics of single-molecule junctions bonded to gold electrodes using amine, methyl sulfide, and dimethyl phosphine link groups by measuring conductance as a function of junction elongation. For each link, the maximum elongation and formation probability increase with molecular length, strongly suggesting that processes other than just metal-molecule bond breakage play a key role in junction evolution under stress. Density functional theory calculations of adiabatic trajectories show sequences of atomic-scale changes in junction structure, including shifts in the attachment point, that account for the long conductance plateau lengths observed.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Kamenetska, M.","last_name":"Kamenetska","first_name":"M."},{"full_name":"Koentopp, M.","first_name":"M.","last_name":"Koentopp"},{"last_name":"Whalley","first_name":"A. C.","full_name":"Whalley, A. C."},{"first_name":"Y. S.","last_name":"Park","full_name":"Park, Y. S."},{"full_name":"Steigerwald, M. L.","first_name":"M. L.","last_name":"Steigerwald"},{"first_name":"C.","last_name":"Nuckolls","full_name":"Nuckolls, C."},{"first_name":"M. S.","last_name":"Hybertsen","full_name":"Hybertsen, M. S."},{"id":"9ebb78a5-cc0d-11ee-8322-fae086a32caf","first_name":"Latha","orcid":"0000-0002-6957-6089","last_name":"Venkataraman","full_name":"Venkataraman, Latha"}],"external_id":{"pmid":["19392306"],"arxiv":["0901.1134"]},"year":"2009","citation":{"ista":"Kamenetska M, Koentopp M, Whalley AC, Park YS, Steigerwald ML, Nuckolls C, Hybertsen MS, Venkataraman L. 2009. Formation and evolution of single-molecule junctions. Physical Review Letters. 102(12), 126803.","mla":"Kamenetska, M., et al. “Formation and Evolution of Single-Molecule Junctions.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 102, no. 12, 126803, American Physical Society, 2009, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803\">10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803</a>.","short":"M. Kamenetska, M. Koentopp, A.C. Whalley, Y.S. Park, M.L. Steigerwald, C. Nuckolls, M.S. Hybertsen, L. Venkataraman, Physical Review Letters 102 (2009).","chicago":"Kamenetska, M., M. Koentopp, A. C. Whalley, Y. S. Park, M. L. Steigerwald, C. Nuckolls, M. S. Hybertsen, and Latha Venkataraman. “Formation and Evolution of Single-Molecule Junctions.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803</a>.","ama":"Kamenetska M, Koentopp M, Whalley AC, et al. Formation and evolution of single-molecule junctions. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2009;102(12). doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803\">10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803</a>","apa":"Kamenetska, M., Koentopp, M., Whalley, A. C., Park, Y. S., Steigerwald, M. L., Nuckolls, C., … Venkataraman, L. (2009). Formation and evolution of single-molecule junctions. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803\">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803</a>","ieee":"M. Kamenetska <i>et al.</i>, “Formation and evolution of single-molecule junctions,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 102, no. 12. American Physical Society, 2009."},"month":"03","publication":"Physical Review Letters","doi":"10.1103/physrevlett.102.126803","publication_status":"published","status":"public","date_updated":"2025-01-03T10:17:01Z","day":"24","article_processing_charge":"No","volume":102,"oa_version":"Preprint","OA_type":"green","oa":1},{"external_id":{"pmid":["19350032"],"arxiv":["0901.1139"]},"year":"2009","citation":{"chicago":"Quek, Su Ying, Maria Kamenetska, Michael L. Steigerwald, Hyoung Joon Choi, Steven G. Louie, Mark S. Hybertsen, J. B. Neaton, and Latha Venkataraman. “Mechanically Controlled Binary Conductance Switching of a Single-Molecule Junction.” <i>Nature Nanotechnology</i>. Springer Nature, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2009.10\">https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2009.10</a>.","mla":"Quek, Su Ying, et al. “Mechanically Controlled Binary Conductance Switching of a Single-Molecule Junction.” <i>Nature Nanotechnology</i>, vol. 4, no. 4, Springer Nature, 2009, pp. 230–34, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2009.10\">10.1038/nnano.2009.10</a>.","short":"S.Y. Quek, M. Kamenetska, M.L. Steigerwald, H.J. Choi, S.G. Louie, M.S. Hybertsen, J.B. Neaton, L. Venkataraman, Nature Nanotechnology 4 (2009) 230–234.","ista":"Quek SY, Kamenetska M, Steigerwald ML, Choi HJ, Louie SG, Hybertsen MS, Neaton JB, Venkataraman L. 2009. Mechanically controlled binary conductance switching of a single-molecule junction. Nature Nanotechnology. 4(4), 230–234.","ama":"Quek SY, Kamenetska M, Steigerwald ML, et al. Mechanically controlled binary conductance switching of a single-molecule junction. <i>Nature Nanotechnology</i>. 2009;4(4):230-234. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2009.10\">10.1038/nnano.2009.10</a>","apa":"Quek, S. Y., Kamenetska, M., Steigerwald, M. L., Choi, H. J., Louie, S. G., Hybertsen, M. S., … Venkataraman, L. (2009). Mechanically controlled binary conductance switching of a single-molecule junction. <i>Nature Nanotechnology</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2009.10\">https://doi.org/10.1038/nnano.2009.10</a>","ieee":"S. Y. Quek <i>et al.</i>, “Mechanically controlled binary conductance switching of a single-molecule junction,” <i>Nature Nanotechnology</i>, vol. 4, no. 4. Springer Nature, pp. 230–234, 2009."},"month":"04","publication":"Nature Nanotechnology","date_updated":"2025-01-03T10:42:35Z","doi":"10.1038/nnano.2009.10","status":"public","publication_status":"published","oa":1,"oa_version":"Preprint","OA_type":"green","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","volume":4,"user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1","article_type":"letter_note","publisher":"Springer Nature","scopus_import":"1","date_created":"2024-09-09T13:53:36Z","OA_place":"repository","issue":"4","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"date_published":"2009-04-01T00:00:00Z","pmid":1,"page":"230-234","intvolume":"         4","_id":"18031","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://arxiv.org/abs/0901.1139"}],"publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1748-3395"],"issn":["1748-3387"]},"arxiv":1,"type":"journal_article","title":"Mechanically controlled binary conductance switching of a single-molecule junction","author":[{"full_name":"Quek, Su Ying","first_name":"Su Ying","last_name":"Quek"},{"full_name":"Kamenetska, Maria","first_name":"Maria","last_name":"Kamenetska"},{"full_name":"Steigerwald, Michael L.","last_name":"Steigerwald","first_name":"Michael L."},{"full_name":"Choi, Hyoung Joon","last_name":"Choi","first_name":"Hyoung Joon"},{"full_name":"Louie, Steven G.","first_name":"Steven G.","last_name":"Louie"},{"first_name":"Mark S.","last_name":"Hybertsen","full_name":"Hybertsen, Mark S."},{"full_name":"Neaton, J. B.","first_name":"J. B.","last_name":"Neaton"},{"last_name":"Venkataraman","first_name":"Latha","orcid":"0000-0002-6957-6089","id":"9ebb78a5-cc0d-11ee-8322-fae086a32caf","full_name":"Venkataraman, Latha"}],"quality_controlled":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Molecular-scale components are expected to be central to the realization of nanoscale electronic devices1,2,3. Although molecular-scale switching has been reported in atomic quantum point contacts4,5,6, single-molecule junctions provide the additional flexibility of tuning the on/off conductance states through molecular design. To date, switching in single-molecule junctions has been attributed to changes in the conformation or charge state of the molecule7,8,9,10,11,12. Here, we demonstrate reversible binary switching in a single-molecule junction by mechanical control of the metal–molecule contact geometry. We show that 4,4'-bipyridine–gold single-molecule junctions can be reversibly switched between two conductance states through repeated junction elongation and compression. Using first-principles calculations, we attribute the different measured conductance states to distinct contact geometries at the flexible but stable nitrogen–gold bond: conductance is low when the N–Au bond is perpendicular to the conducting π-system, and high otherwise. This switching mechanism, inherent to the pyridine–gold link, could form the basis of a new class of mechanically activated single-molecule switches."}]},{"date_published":"2009-12-01T00:00:00Z","_id":"1825","intvolume":"       106","page":"22558 - 22563","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:13Z","issue":"52","publication":"PNAS","month":"12","publist_id":"5281","extern":1,"citation":{"ieee":"T. Friedlander and N. Brenner, “Adaptive response by state-dependent inactivation,” <i>PNAS</i>, vol. 106, no. 52. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 22558–22563, 2009.","chicago":"Friedlander, Tamar, and Naama Brenner. “Adaptive Response by State-Dependent Inactivation.” <i>PNAS</i>. National Academy of Sciences, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902146106 \">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902146106 </a>.","ista":"Friedlander T, Brenner N. 2009. Adaptive response by state-dependent inactivation. PNAS. 106(52), 22558–22563.","short":"T. Friedlander, N. Brenner, PNAS 106 (2009) 22558–22563.","mla":"Friedlander, Tamar, and Naama Brenner. “Adaptive Response by State-Dependent Inactivation.” <i>PNAS</i>, vol. 106, no. 52, National Academy of Sciences, 2009, pp. 22558–63, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902146106 \">10.1073/pnas.0902146106 </a>.","ama":"Friedlander T, Brenner N. Adaptive response by state-dependent inactivation. <i>PNAS</i>. 2009;106(52):22558-22563. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902146106 \">10.1073/pnas.0902146106 </a>","apa":"Friedlander, T., &#38; Brenner, N. (2009). Adaptive response by state-dependent inactivation. <i>PNAS</i>. National Academy of Sciences. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902146106 \">https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.0902146106 </a>"},"year":"2009","publisher":"National Academy of Sciences","volume":106,"day":"01","quality_controlled":0,"abstract":[{"text":"Many membrane channels and receptors exhibit adaptive, or desensitized, response to a strong sustained input stimulus. A key mechanism that underlies this response is the slow, activity-dependent removal of responding molecules to a pool which is unavailable to respond immediately to the input. This mechanism is implemented in different ways in various biological systems and has traditionally been studied separately for each. Here we highlight the common aspects of this principle, shared by many biological systems, and suggest a unifying theoretical framework. We study theoretically a class of models which describes the general mechanism and allows us to distinguish its universal from system-specific features. We show that under general conditions, regardless of the details of kinetics, molecule availability encodes an averaging over past activity and feeds back multiplicatively on the system output. The kinetics of recovery from unavailability determines the effective memory kernel inside the feedback branch, giving rise to a variety of system-specific forms of adaptive response—precise or input-dependent, exponential or power-law—as special cases of the same model. ","lang":"eng"}],"oa":1,"author":[{"full_name":"Tamar Friedlander","first_name":"Tamar","id":"36A5845C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Friedlander"},{"first_name":"Naama","last_name":"Brenner","full_name":"Brenner, Naama"}],"status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1073/pnas.0902146106 ","title":"Adaptive response by state-dependent inactivation","main_file_link":[{"url":"http://www.pnas.org/content/106/52/22558.full.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"type":"journal_article","date_updated":"2021-01-12T06:53:26Z"},{"author":[{"last_name":"Bronstein","orcid":"0000-0001-9699-8730","first_name":"Alexander","id":"58f3726e-7cba-11ef-ad8b-e6e8cb3904e6","full_name":"Bronstein, Alexander"},{"last_name":"Bronstein","first_name":"Michael M.","full_name":"Bronstein, Michael M."},{"last_name":"Bruckstein","first_name":"Alfred M.","full_name":"Bruckstein, Alfred M."},{"full_name":"Kimmel, Ron","last_name":"Kimmel","first_name":"Ron"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Similarity is one of the most important abstract concepts in human perception of the world. In computer vision, numerous applications deal with comparing objects observed in a scene with some a priori known patterns. Often, it happens that while two objects are not similar, they have large similar parts, that is, they are partially similar. Here, we present a novel approach to quantify partial similarity using the notion of Pareto optimality. We exemplify our approach on the problems of recognizing non-rigid geometric objects, images, and analyzing text sequences.","lang":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","type":"journal_article","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1573-1405"],"issn":["0920-5691"]},"title":"Partial similarity of objects, or how to compare a centaur to a horse","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"issue":"2","date_created":"2024-10-15T11:20:54Z","scopus_import":"1","intvolume":"        84","_id":"18356","page":"163-183","date_published":"2009-08-01T00:00:00Z","publisher":"Springer Nature","article_type":"original","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","extern":"1","OA_type":"closed access","oa_version":"None","volume":84,"article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","date_updated":"2024-10-22T07:55:59Z","status":"public","publication_status":"published","doi":"10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3","publication":"International Journal of Computer Vision","month":"08","year":"2009","citation":{"chicago":"Bronstein, Alex M., Michael M. Bronstein, Alfred M. Bruckstein, and Ron Kimmel. “Partial Similarity of Objects, or How to Compare a Centaur to a Horse.” <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>. Springer Nature, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3</a>.","mla":"Bronstein, Alex M., et al. “Partial Similarity of Objects, or How to Compare a Centaur to a Horse.” <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>, vol. 84, no. 2, Springer Nature, 2009, pp. 163–83, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3\">10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3</a>.","short":"A.M. Bronstein, M.M. Bronstein, A.M. Bruckstein, R. Kimmel, International Journal of Computer Vision 84 (2009) 163–183.","ista":"Bronstein AM, Bronstein MM, Bruckstein AM, Kimmel R. 2009. Partial similarity of objects, or how to compare a centaur to a horse. International Journal of Computer Vision. 84(2), 163–183.","apa":"Bronstein, A. M., Bronstein, M. M., Bruckstein, A. M., &#38; Kimmel, R. (2009). Partial similarity of objects, or how to compare a centaur to a horse. <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3</a>","ama":"Bronstein AM, Bronstein MM, Bruckstein AM, Kimmel R. Partial similarity of objects, or how to compare a centaur to a horse. <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>. 2009;84(2):163-183. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3\">10.1007/s11263-008-0147-3</a>","ieee":"A. M. Bronstein, M. M. Bronstein, A. M. Bruckstein, and R. Kimmel, “Partial similarity of objects, or how to compare a centaur to a horse,” <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>, vol. 84, no. 2. Springer Nature, pp. 163–183, 2009."}},{"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"This paper explores the problem of similarity criteria between nonrigid shapes. Broadly speaking, such criteria are divided into intrinsic and extrinsic, the first referring to the metric structure of the object and the latter to how it is laid out in the Euclidean space. Both criteria have their advantages and disadvantages: extrinsic similarity is sensitive to nonrigid deformations, while intrinsic similarity is sensitive to topological noise. In this paper, we approach the problem from the perspective of metric geometry. We show that by unifying the extrinsic and intrinsic similarity criteria, it is possible to obtain a stronger topology-invariant similarity, suitable for comparing deformed shapes with different topology. We construct this new joint criterion as a tradeoff between the extrinsic and intrinsic similarity and use it as a set-valued distance. Numerical results demonstrate the efficiency of our approach in cases where using either extrinsic or intrinsic criteria alone would fail."}],"quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"full_name":"Bronstein, Alexander","last_name":"Bronstein","first_name":"Alexander","orcid":"0000-0001-9699-8730","id":"58f3726e-7cba-11ef-ad8b-e6e8cb3904e6"},{"first_name":"Michael M.","last_name":"Bronstein","full_name":"Bronstein, Michael M."},{"last_name":"Kimmel","first_name":"Ron","full_name":"Kimmel, Ron"}],"title":"Topology-invariant similarity of nonrigid shapes","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0920-5691"],"eissn":["1573-1405"]},"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2009-03-01T00:00:00Z","page":"281-301","intvolume":"        81","_id":"18357","scopus_import":"1","date_created":"2024-10-15T11:20:54Z","issue":"3","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"extern":"1","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","article_type":"original","publisher":"Springer Nature","article_processing_charge":"No","day":"01","volume":81,"oa_version":"None","OA_type":"closed access","doi":"10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2","publication_status":"published","status":"public","date_updated":"2024-10-22T07:27:15Z","publication":"International Journal of Computer Vision","month":"03","citation":{"ieee":"A. M. Bronstein, M. M. Bronstein, and R. Kimmel, “Topology-invariant similarity of nonrigid shapes,” <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>, vol. 81, no. 3. Springer Nature, pp. 281–301, 2009.","apa":"Bronstein, A. M., Bronstein, M. M., &#38; Kimmel, R. (2009). Topology-invariant similarity of nonrigid shapes. <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>. Springer Nature. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2</a>","ama":"Bronstein AM, Bronstein MM, Kimmel R. Topology-invariant similarity of nonrigid shapes. <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>. 2009;81(3):281-301. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2\">10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2</a>","mla":"Bronstein, Alex M., et al. “Topology-Invariant Similarity of Nonrigid Shapes.” <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>, vol. 81, no. 3, Springer Nature, 2009, pp. 281–301, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2\">10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2</a>.","ista":"Bronstein AM, Bronstein MM, Kimmel R. 2009. Topology-invariant similarity of nonrigid shapes. International Journal of Computer Vision. 81(3), 281–301.","short":"A.M. Bronstein, M.M. Bronstein, R. Kimmel, International Journal of Computer Vision 81 (2009) 281–301.","chicago":"Bronstein, Alex M., Michael M. Bronstein, and Ron Kimmel. “Topology-Invariant Similarity of Nonrigid Shapes.” <i>International Journal of Computer Vision</i>. Springer Nature, 2009. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2\">https://doi.org/10.1007/s11263-008-0172-2</a>."},"year":"2009"}]