---
_id: '12252'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The COVID−19 pandemic not only resulted in a global crisis, but also accelerated
vaccine development and antibody discovery. Herein we report a synthetic humanized
VHH library development pipeline for nanomolar-range affinity VHH binders to SARS-CoV-2
variants of concern (VoC) receptor binding domains (RBD) isolation. Trinucleotide-based
randomization of CDRs by Kunkel mutagenesis with the subsequent rolling-cycle
amplification resulted in more than 1011 diverse phage display
library in a manageable for a single person number of electroporation reactions.
We identified a number of nanomolar-range affinity VHH binders to SARS-CoV-2 variants
of concern (VoC) receptor binding domains (RBD) by screening a novel synthetic
humanized antibody library. In order to explore the most robust and fast method
for affinity improvement, we performed affinity maturation by CDR1 and CDR2 shuffling
and avidity engineering by multivalent trimeric VHH fusion protein construction.
As a result, H7-Fc and G12x3-Fc binders were developed with the affinities in
nM and pM range respectively. Importantly, these affinities are weakly influenced
by most of SARS-CoV-2 VoC mutations and they retain moderate binding to BA.4\5.
The plaque reduction neutralization test (PRNT) resulted in IC50 = 100 ng\ml and
9.6 ng\ml for H7-Fc and G12x3-Fc antibodies, respectively, for the emerging Omicron
BA.1 variant. Therefore, these VHH could expand the present landscape of SARS-CoV-2
neutralization binders with the therapeutic potential for present and future SARS-CoV-2
variants.
acknowledgement: The authors declare that this study received funding from Immunofusion.
The funder was not involved in the study design, collection, analysis, interpretation
of data, the writing of this article or the decision to submit it for publication.
article_number: '965446'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Dmitri
full_name: Dormeshkin, Dmitri
last_name: Dormeshkin
- first_name: Michail
full_name: Shapira, Michail
last_name: Shapira
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Dubovik, Simon
last_name: Dubovik
- first_name: Anton
full_name: Kavaleuski, Anton
id: 4968f7ad-eb97-11eb-a6c2-8ed382e8912c
last_name: Kavaleuski
orcid: 0000-0003-2091-526X
- first_name: Mikalai
full_name: Katsin, Mikalai
last_name: Katsin
- first_name: Alexandr
full_name: Migas, Alexandr
last_name: Migas
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Meleshko, Alexander
last_name: Meleshko
- first_name: Sergei
full_name: Semyonov, Sergei
last_name: Semyonov
citation:
ama: Dormeshkin D, Shapira M, Dubovik S, et al. Isolation of an escape-resistant
SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing nanobody from a novel synthetic nanobody library. Frontiers
in Immunology. 2022;13. doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.965446
apa: Dormeshkin, D., Shapira, M., Dubovik, S., Kavaleuski, A., Katsin, M., Migas,
A., … Semyonov, S. (2022). Isolation of an escape-resistant SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing
nanobody from a novel synthetic nanobody library. Frontiers in Immunology.
Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.965446
chicago: Dormeshkin, Dmitri, Michail Shapira, Simon Dubovik, Anton Kavaleuski, Mikalai
Katsin, Alexandr Migas, Alexander Meleshko, and Sergei Semyonov. “Isolation of
an Escape-Resistant SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing Nanobody from a Novel Synthetic Nanobody
Library.” Frontiers in Immunology. Frontiers Media, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3389/fimmu.2022.965446.
ieee: D. Dormeshkin et al., “Isolation of an escape-resistant SARS-CoV-2
neutralizing nanobody from a novel synthetic nanobody library,” Frontiers in
Immunology, vol. 13. Frontiers Media, 2022.
ista: Dormeshkin D, Shapira M, Dubovik S, Kavaleuski A, Katsin M, Migas A, Meleshko
A, Semyonov S. 2022. Isolation of an escape-resistant SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing
nanobody from a novel synthetic nanobody library. Frontiers in Immunology. 13,
965446.
mla: Dormeshkin, Dmitri, et al. “Isolation of an Escape-Resistant SARS-CoV-2 Neutralizing
Nanobody from a Novel Synthetic Nanobody Library.” Frontiers in Immunology,
vol. 13, 965446, Frontiers Media, 2022, doi:10.3389/fimmu.2022.965446.
short: D. Dormeshkin, M. Shapira, S. Dubovik, A. Kavaleuski, M. Katsin, A. Migas,
A. Meleshko, S. Semyonov, Frontiers in Immunology 13 (2022).
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:56:57Z
date_published: 2022-09-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-11T13:42:26Z
day: '16'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: LeSa
doi: 10.3389/fimmu.2022.965446
external_id:
isi:
- '000862479100001'
pmid:
- '36189235'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f8f5d8110710033d0532e7e08bf9dad4
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-01-30T09:22:26Z
date_updated: 2023-01-30T09:22:26Z
file_id: '12443'
file_name: 2022_FrontiersImmunology_Dormeshkin.pdf
file_size: 5695892
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-01-30T09:22:26Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
isi: 1
keyword:
- Immunology
- Immunology and Allergy
- COVID-19
- SARS-CoV-2
- synthetic library
- RBD
- neutralization nanobody
- VHH
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Frontiers in Immunology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1664-3224
publication_status: published
publisher: Frontiers Media
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Isolation of an escape-resistant SARS-CoV-2 neutralizing nanobody from a novel
synthetic nanobody library
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 13
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12253'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The sculpting of germ layers during gastrulation relies on the coordinated
migration of progenitor cells, yet the cues controlling these long-range directed
movements remain largely unknown. While directional migration often relies on
a chemokine gradient generated from a localized source, we find that zebrafish
ventrolateral mesoderm is guided by a self-generated gradient of the initially
uniformly expressed and secreted protein Toddler/ELABELA/Apela. We show that the
Apelin receptor, which is specifically expressed in mesodermal cells, has a dual
role during gastrulation, acting as a scavenger receptor to generate a Toddler
gradient, and as a chemokine receptor to sense this guidance cue. Thus, we uncover
a single receptor–based self-generated gradient as the enigmatic guidance cue
that can robustly steer the directional migration of mesoderm through the complex
and continuously changing environment of the gastrulating embryo.
acknowledgement: 'We thank K. Aumayer and the team of the biooptics facility at the
Vienna Biocenter, particularly P. Pasierbek and T. Müller, for support with microscopy;
K. Panser, C. Pribitzer, and the animal facility personnel for taking care of zebrafish;
M. Binner and A. Bandura for help with genotyping; M. Codina Tobias for help with
establishing the conditions for the Toddler overexpression compensation experiment;
T. Lubiana Alves for sharing the code for scRNA-Seq analyses; the Heisenberg laboratory,
particularly D. Pinheiro, for joint laboratory meetings, discussions on the project,
and providing the tg(gsc:CAAX-GFP) fish line; the Raz laboratory for providing the
Lifeact-GFP plasmid; A. Andersen, A. Schier, C.-P. Heisenberg, and E. Tanaka for
comments on the manuscript; and the entire Pauli laboratory, particularly K. Gert
and V. Deneke, for valuable discussions and feedback on the manuscript. Funding:
Work in A.P.’s laboratory has been supported by the IMP, which receives institutional
funding from Boehringer Ingelheim and the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (Headquarter
grant FFG-852936), as well as the FWF START program (Y 1031-B28 to A.P.), the Human
Frontier Science Program (HFSP) Career Development Award (CDA00066/2015 to A.P.)
and Young Investigator Grant (RGY0079/2020 to A.P.), the SFB RNA-Deco (project number
F 80 to A.P.), a Whitman Center Fellowship from the Marine Biological Laboratory
(to A.P.), and EMBO-YIP funds (to A.P.). This work was supported by the European
Union (European Research Council Starting Grant 851288 to E.H.). For the purpose
of Open Access, the authors have applied a CC BY public copyright license to any
Author Accepted Manuscript (AAM) version arising from this submission.'
article_number: eadd2488
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jessica
full_name: Stock, Jessica
last_name: Stock
- first_name: Tomas
full_name: Kazmar, Tomas
last_name: Kazmar
- first_name: Friederike
full_name: Schlumm, Friederike
last_name: Schlumm
- first_name: Edouard B
full_name: Hannezo, Edouard B
id: 3A9DB764-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hannezo
orcid: 0000-0001-6005-1561
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Pauli, Andrea
last_name: Pauli
citation:
ama: Stock J, Kazmar T, Schlumm F, Hannezo EB, Pauli A. A self-generated Toddler
gradient guides mesodermal cell migration. Science Advances. 2022;8(37).
doi:10.1126/sciadv.add2488
apa: Stock, J., Kazmar, T., Schlumm, F., Hannezo, E. B., & Pauli, A. (2022).
A self-generated Toddler gradient guides mesodermal cell migration. Science
Advances. American Association for the Advancement of Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add2488
chicago: Stock, Jessica, Tomas Kazmar, Friederike Schlumm, Edouard B Hannezo, and
Andrea Pauli. “A Self-Generated Toddler Gradient Guides Mesodermal Cell Migration.”
Science Advances. American Association for the Advancement of Science,
2022. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.add2488.
ieee: J. Stock, T. Kazmar, F. Schlumm, E. B. Hannezo, and A. Pauli, “A self-generated
Toddler gradient guides mesodermal cell migration,” Science Advances, vol.
8, no. 37. American Association for the Advancement of Science, 2022.
ista: Stock J, Kazmar T, Schlumm F, Hannezo EB, Pauli A. 2022. A self-generated
Toddler gradient guides mesodermal cell migration. Science Advances. 8(37), eadd2488.
mla: Stock, Jessica, et al. “A Self-Generated Toddler Gradient Guides Mesodermal
Cell Migration.” Science Advances, vol. 8, no. 37, eadd2488, American Association
for the Advancement of Science, 2022, doi:10.1126/sciadv.add2488.
short: J. Stock, T. Kazmar, F. Schlumm, E.B. Hannezo, A. Pauli, Science Advances
8 (2022).
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:57:10Z
date_published: 2022-09-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:52:27Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: EdHa
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.add2488
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000888875000009'
pmid:
- '36103529'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f59cdb824e5d4221045def81f46f6c65
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-01-30T09:27:49Z
date_updated: 2023-01-30T09:27:49Z
file_id: '12444'
file_name: 2022_ScienceAdvances_Stock.pdf
file_size: 1636732
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-01-30T09:27:49Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 8'
isi: 1
issue: '37'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 05943252-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '851288'
name: Design Principles of Branching Morphogenesis
publication: Science Advances
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2375-2548
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A self-generated Toddler gradient guides mesodermal cell migration
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 8
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '12259'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Theoretical foundations of chaos have been predominantly laid out for finite-dimensional
dynamical systems, such as the three-body problem in classical mechanics and the
Lorenz model in dissipative systems. In contrast, many real-world chaotic phenomena,
e.g., weather, arise in systems with many (formally infinite) degrees of freedom,
which limits direct quantitative analysis of such systems using chaos theory.
In the present work, we demonstrate that the hydrodynamic pilot-wave systems offer
a bridge between low- and high-dimensional chaotic phenomena by allowing for a
systematic study of how the former connects to the latter. Specifically, we present
experimental results, which show the formation of low-dimensional chaotic attractors
upon destabilization of regular dynamics and a final transition to high-dimensional
chaos via the merging of distinct chaotic regions through a crisis bifurcation.
Moreover, we show that the post-crisis dynamics of the system can be rationalized
as consecutive scatterings from the nonattracting chaotic sets with lifetimes
following exponential distributions. '
acknowledgement: 'This work was partially funded by the Institute of Science and Technology
Austria Interdisciplinary Project Committee Grant “Pilot-Wave Hydrodynamics: Chaos
and Quantum Analogies.”'
article_number: '093138'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: George H
full_name: Choueiri, George H
id: 448BD5BC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Choueiri
- first_name: Balachandra
full_name: Suri, Balachandra
id: 47A5E706-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Suri
- first_name: Jack
full_name: Merrin, Jack
id: 4515C308-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Merrin
orcid: 0000-0001-5145-4609
- first_name: Maksym
full_name: Serbyn, Maksym
id: 47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Serbyn
orcid: 0000-0002-2399-5827
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
- first_name: Nazmi B
full_name: Budanur, Nazmi B
id: 3EA1010E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Budanur
orcid: 0000-0003-0423-5010
citation:
ama: 'Choueiri GH, Suri B, Merrin J, Serbyn M, Hof B, Budanur NB. Crises and chaotic
scattering in hydrodynamic pilot-wave experiments. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary
Journal of Nonlinear Science. 2022;32(9). doi:10.1063/5.0102904'
apa: 'Choueiri, G. H., Suri, B., Merrin, J., Serbyn, M., Hof, B., & Budanur,
N. B. (2022). Crises and chaotic scattering in hydrodynamic pilot-wave experiments.
Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science. AIP Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0102904'
chicago: 'Choueiri, George H, Balachandra Suri, Jack Merrin, Maksym Serbyn, Björn
Hof, and Nazmi B Budanur. “Crises and Chaotic Scattering in Hydrodynamic Pilot-Wave
Experiments.” Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science.
AIP Publishing, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0102904.'
ieee: 'G. H. Choueiri, B. Suri, J. Merrin, M. Serbyn, B. Hof, and N. B. Budanur,
“Crises and chaotic scattering in hydrodynamic pilot-wave experiments,” Chaos:
An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science, vol. 32, no. 9. AIP Publishing,
2022.'
ista: 'Choueiri GH, Suri B, Merrin J, Serbyn M, Hof B, Budanur NB. 2022. Crises
and chaotic scattering in hydrodynamic pilot-wave experiments. Chaos: An Interdisciplinary
Journal of Nonlinear Science. 32(9), 093138.'
mla: 'Choueiri, George H., et al. “Crises and Chaotic Scattering in Hydrodynamic
Pilot-Wave Experiments.” Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science,
vol. 32, no. 9, 093138, AIP Publishing, 2022, doi:10.1063/5.0102904.'
short: 'G.H. Choueiri, B. Suri, J. Merrin, M. Serbyn, B. Hof, N.B. Budanur, Chaos:
An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science 32 (2022).'
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:58:16Z
date_published: 2022-09-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-11T13:41:34Z
day: '26'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: MaSe
- _id: BjHo
- _id: NanoFab
doi: 10.1063/5.0102904
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2206.01531'
isi:
- '000861009600005'
pmid:
- '36182399'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 17881eff8b21969359a2dd64620120ba
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-01-30T09:41:12Z
date_updated: 2023-01-30T09:41:12Z
file_id: '12445'
file_name: 2022_Chaos_Choueiri.pdf
file_size: 3209644
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-01-30T09:41:12Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 32'
isi: 1
issue: '9'
keyword:
- Applied Mathematics
- General Physics and Astronomy
- Mathematical Physics
- Statistical and Nonlinear Physics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: 'Chaos: An Interdisciplinary Journal of Nonlinear Science'
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1089-7682
issn:
- 1054-1500
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Crises and chaotic scattering in hydrodynamic pilot-wave experiments
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 32
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13445'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Rotation is typically assumed to induce strictly symmetric rotational splitting
into the rotational multiplets of pure p- and g-modes. However, for evolved stars
exhibiting mixed modes, avoided crossings between different multiplet components
are known to yield asymmetric rotational splitting, in particular for near-degenerate
mixed-mode pairs, where notional pure p-modes are fortuitously in resonance with
pure g-modes. These near-degeneracy effects have been described in subgiants,
but their consequences for the characterization of internal rotation in red giants
have not previously been investigated in detail, in part owing to theoretical
intractability. We employ new developments in the analytic theory of mixed-mode
coupling to study these near-resonance phenomena. In the vicinity of the most
p-dominated mixed modes, the near-degenerate intrinsic asymmetry from pure rotational
splitting increases dramatically over the course of stellar evolution, and it
depends strongly on the mode-mixing fraction ζ. We also find that a linear treatment
of rotation remains viable for describing the underlying p- and g-modes, even
when it does not for the resulting mixed modes undergoing these avoided crossings.
We explore observational consequences for potential measurements of asymmetric
mixed-mode splitting, which has been proposed as a magnetic-field diagnostic.
Finally, we propose improved measurement techniques for rotational characterization,
exploiting the linearity of rotational effects on the underlying p/g-modes, while
still accounting for these mixed-mode coupling effects.
article_number: '18'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: J. M. Joel
full_name: Ong, J. M. Joel
last_name: Ong
- first_name: Lisa Annabelle
full_name: Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle
id: d9edb345-f866-11ec-9b37-d119b5234501
last_name: Bugnet
orcid: 0000-0003-0142-4000
- first_name: Sarbani
full_name: Basu, Sarbani
last_name: Basu
citation:
ama: Ong JMJ, Bugnet LA, Basu S. Mode mixing and rotational splittings. I. Near-degeneracy
effects revisited. The Astrophysical Journal. 2022;940(1). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac97e7
apa: Ong, J. M. J., Bugnet, L. A., & Basu, S. (2022). Mode mixing and rotational
splittings. I. Near-degeneracy effects revisited. The Astrophysical Journal.
American Astronomical Society. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac97e7
chicago: Ong, J. M. Joel, Lisa Annabelle Bugnet, and Sarbani Basu. “Mode Mixing
and Rotational Splittings. I. Near-Degeneracy Effects Revisited.” The Astrophysical
Journal. American Astronomical Society, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ac97e7.
ieee: J. M. J. Ong, L. A. Bugnet, and S. Basu, “Mode mixing and rotational splittings.
I. Near-degeneracy effects revisited,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol.
940, no. 1. American Astronomical Society, 2022.
ista: Ong JMJ, Bugnet LA, Basu S. 2022. Mode mixing and rotational splittings. I.
Near-degeneracy effects revisited. The Astrophysical Journal. 940(1), 18.
mla: Ong, J. M. Joel, et al. “Mode Mixing and Rotational Splittings. I. Near-Degeneracy
Effects Revisited.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 940, no. 1, 18, American
Astronomical Society, 2022, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ac97e7.
short: J.M.J. Ong, L.A. Bugnet, S. Basu, The Astrophysical Journal 940 (2022).
date_created: 2023-08-01T14:20:41Z
date_published: 2022-11-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-06T07:27:45Z
day: '16'
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ac97e7
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2210.01928'
intvolume: ' 940'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2210.01928
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: American Astronomical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Mode mixing and rotational splittings. I. Near-degeneracy effects revisited
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 940
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13451'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We characterize massive stars (M > 8 M⊙) in the nearby (D ∼ 0.8 Mpc) extremely
metal-poor (Z ∼ 5% Z⊙) galaxy Leo A using Hubble Space Telescope ultraviolet (UV),
optical, and near-infrared (NIR) imaging along with Keck/Low-Resolution Imaging
Spectrograph and MMT/Binospec optical spectroscopy for 18 main-sequence OB stars.
We find that: (a) 12 of our 18 stars show emission lines, despite not being associated
with an H ii region, suggestive of stellar activity (e.g., mass loss, accretion,
binary star interaction), which is consistent with previous predictions of enhanced
activity at low metallicity; (b) six are Be stars, which are the first to be spectroscopically
studied at such low metallicity—these Be stars have unusual panchromatic SEDs;
(c) for stars well fit by the TLUSTY nonlocal thermodynamic equilibrium models,
the photometric and spectroscopic values of $\mathrm{log}({T}_{\mathrm{eff}})$
and $\mathrm{log}(g)$ agree to within ∼0.01 dex and ∼0.18 dex, respectively, indicating
that near-UV/optical/NIR imaging can be used to reliably characterize massive
(M ∼ 8–30 M⊙) main-sequence star properties relative to optical spectroscopy;
(d) the properties of the most-massive stars in H II regions are consistent with
constraints from previous nebular emission line studies; and (e) 13 stars with
M > 8M⊙ are >40 pc from a known star cluster or H II region. Our sample comprises
∼50% of all known massive stars at Z ≲ 10% Z⊙with derived stellar parameters,
high-quality optical spectra, and panchromatic photometry.'
article_number: '206'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Maude
full_name: Gull, Maude
last_name: Gull
- first_name: Daniel R.
full_name: Weisz, Daniel R.
last_name: Weisz
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Senchyna, Peter
last_name: Senchyna
- first_name: Nathan R.
full_name: Sandford, Nathan R.
last_name: Sandford
- first_name: Yumi
full_name: Choi, Yumi
last_name: Choi
- first_name: Anna F.
full_name: McLeod, Anna F.
last_name: McLeod
- first_name: Kareem
full_name: El-Badry, Kareem
last_name: El-Badry
- first_name: Ylva Louise Linsdotter
full_name: Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter
id: d0648d0c-0f64-11ee-a2e0-dd0faa2e4f7d
last_name: Götberg
orcid: 0000-0002-6960-6911
- first_name: Karoline M.
full_name: Gilbert, Karoline M.
last_name: Gilbert
- first_name: Martha
full_name: Boyer, Martha
last_name: Boyer
- first_name: Julianne J.
full_name: Dalcanton, Julianne J.
last_name: Dalcanton
- first_name: Puragra
full_name: GuhaThakurta, Puragra
last_name: GuhaThakurta
- first_name: Steven
full_name: Goldman, Steven
last_name: Goldman
- first_name: Paola
full_name: Marigo, Paola
last_name: Marigo
- first_name: Kristen B. W.
full_name: McQuinn, Kristen B. W.
last_name: McQuinn
- first_name: Giada
full_name: Pastorelli, Giada
last_name: Pastorelli
- first_name: Daniel P.
full_name: Stark, Daniel P.
last_name: Stark
- first_name: Evan
full_name: Skillman, Evan
last_name: Skillman
- first_name: Yuan-sen
full_name: Ting, Yuan-sen
last_name: Ting
- first_name: Benjamin F.
full_name: Williams, Benjamin F.
last_name: Williams
citation:
ama: Gull M, Weisz DR, Senchyna P, et al. A panchromatic study of massive stars
in the extremely metal-poor local group dwarf galaxy Leo A. The Astrophysical
Journal. 2022;941(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aca295
apa: Gull, M., Weisz, D. R., Senchyna, P., Sandford, N. R., Choi, Y., McLeod, A.
F., … Williams, B. F. (2022). A panchromatic study of massive stars in the extremely
metal-poor local group dwarf galaxy Leo A. The Astrophysical Journal. American
Astronomical Society. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca295
chicago: Gull, Maude, Daniel R. Weisz, Peter Senchyna, Nathan R. Sandford, Yumi
Choi, Anna F. McLeod, Kareem El-Badry, et al. “A Panchromatic Study of Massive
Stars in the Extremely Metal-Poor Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Leo A.” The Astrophysical
Journal. American Astronomical Society, 2022. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca295.
ieee: M. Gull et al., “A panchromatic study of massive stars in the extremely
metal-poor local group dwarf galaxy Leo A,” The Astrophysical Journal,
vol. 941, no. 2. American Astronomical Society, 2022.
ista: Gull M, Weisz DR, Senchyna P, Sandford NR, Choi Y, McLeod AF, El-Badry K,
Götberg YLL, Gilbert KM, Boyer M, Dalcanton JJ, GuhaThakurta P, Goldman S, Marigo
P, McQuinn KBW, Pastorelli G, Stark DP, Skillman E, Ting Y, Williams BF. 2022.
A panchromatic study of massive stars in the extremely metal-poor local group
dwarf galaxy Leo A. The Astrophysical Journal. 941(2), 206.
mla: Gull, Maude, et al. “A Panchromatic Study of Massive Stars in the Extremely
Metal-Poor Local Group Dwarf Galaxy Leo A.” The Astrophysical Journal,
vol. 941, no. 2, 206, American Astronomical Society, 2022, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/aca295.
short: M. Gull, D.R. Weisz, P. Senchyna, N.R. Sandford, Y. Choi, A.F. McLeod, K.
El-Badry, Y.L.L. Götberg, K.M. Gilbert, M. Boyer, J.J. Dalcanton, P. GuhaThakurta,
S. Goldman, P. Marigo, K.B.W. McQuinn, G. Pastorelli, D.P. Stark, E. Skillman,
Y. Ting, B.F. Williams, The Astrophysical Journal 941 (2022).
date_created: 2023-08-03T10:10:25Z
date_published: 2022-12-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-21T12:04:58Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/aca295
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2211.14349'
intvolume: ' 941'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/aca295
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: American Astronomical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A panchromatic study of massive stars in the extremely metal-poor local group
dwarf galaxy Leo A
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 941
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13452'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Magnetic fields can drastically change predictions of evolutionary models
of massive stars via mass-loss quenching, magnetic braking, and efficient angular
momentum transport, which we aim to quantify in this work. We use the MESA software
instrument to compute an extensive main-sequence grid of stellar structure and
evolution models, as well as isochrones, accounting for the effects attributed
to a surface fossil magnetic field. The grid is densely populated in initial mass
(3–60 M⊙), surface equatorial magnetic field strength (0–50 kG), and metallicity
(representative of the Solar neighbourhood and the Magellanic Clouds). We use
two magnetic braking and two chemical mixing schemes and compare the model predictions
for slowly rotating, nitrogen-enriched (‘Group 2’) stars with observations in
the Large Magellanic Cloud. We quantify a range of initial field strengths that
allow for producing Group 2 stars and find that typical values (up to a few kG)
lead to solutions. Between the subgrids, we find notable departures in surface
abundances and evolutionary paths. In our magnetic models, chemical mixing is
always less efficient compared to non-magnetic models due to the rapid spin-down.
We identify that quasi-chemically homogeneous main sequence evolution by efficient
mixing could be prevented by fossil magnetic fields. We recommend comparing this
grid of evolutionary models with spectropolarimetric and spectroscopic observations
with the goals of (i) revisiting the derived stellar parameters of known magnetic
stars, and (ii) observationally constraining the uncertain magnetic braking and
chemical mixing schemes.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Z
full_name: Keszthelyi, Z
last_name: Keszthelyi
- first_name: A
full_name: de Koter, A
last_name: de Koter
- first_name: Ylva Louise Linsdotter
full_name: Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter
id: d0648d0c-0f64-11ee-a2e0-dd0faa2e4f7d
last_name: Götberg
orcid: 0000-0002-6960-6911
- first_name: G
full_name: Meynet, G
last_name: Meynet
- first_name: S A
full_name: Brands, S A
last_name: Brands
- first_name: V
full_name: Petit, V
last_name: Petit
- first_name: M
full_name: Carrington, M
last_name: Carrington
- first_name: A
full_name: David-Uraz, A
last_name: David-Uraz
- first_name: S T
full_name: Geen, S T
last_name: Geen
- first_name: C
full_name: Georgy, C
last_name: Georgy
- first_name: R
full_name: Hirschi, R
last_name: Hirschi
- first_name: J
full_name: Puls, J
last_name: Puls
- first_name: K J
full_name: Ramalatswa, K J
last_name: Ramalatswa
- first_name: M E
full_name: Shultz, M E
last_name: Shultz
- first_name: A
full_name: ud-Doula, A
last_name: ud-Doula
citation:
ama: 'Keszthelyi Z, de Koter A, Götberg YLL, et al. The effects of surface fossil
magnetic fields on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at Solar, LMC,
and SMC metallicities. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
2022;517(2):2028-2055. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2598'
apa: 'Keszthelyi, Z., de Koter, A., Götberg, Y. L. L., Meynet, G., Brands, S. A.,
Petit, V., … ud-Doula, A. (2022). The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields
on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at Solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac2598'
chicago: 'Keszthelyi, Z, A de Koter, Ylva Louise Linsdotter Götberg, G Meynet, S
A Brands, V Petit, M Carrington, et al. “The Effects of Surface Fossil Magnetic
Fields on Massive Star Evolution: IV. Grids of Models at Solar, LMC, and SMC Metallicities.”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press,
2022. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac2598.'
ieee: 'Z. Keszthelyi et al., “The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields
on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at Solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities,”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 517, no. 2. Oxford
University Press, pp. 2028–2055, 2022.'
ista: 'Keszthelyi Z, de Koter A, Götberg YLL, Meynet G, Brands SA, Petit V, Carrington
M, David-Uraz A, Geen ST, Georgy C, Hirschi R, Puls J, Ramalatswa KJ, Shultz ME,
ud-Doula A. 2022. The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star
evolution: IV. Grids of models at Solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities. Monthly Notices
of the Royal Astronomical Society. 517(2), 2028–2055.'
mla: 'Keszthelyi, Z., et al. “The Effects of Surface Fossil Magnetic Fields on Massive
Star Evolution: IV. Grids of Models at Solar, LMC, and SMC Metallicities.” Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 517, no. 2, Oxford University
Press, 2022, pp. 2028–55, doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2598.'
short: Z. Keszthelyi, A. de Koter, Y.L.L. Götberg, G. Meynet, S.A. Brands, V. Petit,
M. Carrington, A. David-Uraz, S.T. Geen, C. Georgy, R. Hirschi, J. Puls, K.J.
Ramalatswa, M.E. Shultz, A. ud-Doula, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical
Society 517 (2022) 2028–2055.
date_created: 2023-08-03T10:10:37Z
date_published: 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-21T12:02:17Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stac2598
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2209.06350'
intvolume: ' 517'
issue: '2'
keyword:
- Space and Planetary Science
- Astronomy and Astrophysics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2209.06350
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 2028-2055
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star evolution: IV.
Grids of models at Solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 517
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13991'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The prediction and realization of topological insulators have sparked great
interest in experimental approaches to the classification of materials1,2,3. The
phase transition between non-trivial and trivial topological states is important,
not only for basic materials science but also for next-generation technology,
such as dissipation-free electronics4. It is therefore crucial to develop advanced
probes that are suitable for a wide range of samples and environments. Here we
demonstrate that circularly polarized laser-field-driven high-harmonic generation
is distinctly sensitive to the non-trivial and trivial topological phases in the
prototypical three-dimensional topological insulator bismuth selenide5. The phase
transition is chemically initiated by reducing the spin–orbit interaction strength
through the substitution of bismuth with indium atoms6,7. We find strikingly different
high-harmonic responses of trivial and non-trivial topological surface states
that manifest themselves as a conversion efficiency and elliptical dichroism that
depend both on the driving laser ellipticity and the crystal orientation. The
origins of the anomalous high-harmonic response are corroborated by calculations
using the semiconductor optical Bloch equations with pairs of surface and bulk
bands. As a purely optical approach, this method offers sensitivity to the electronic
structure of the material, including its nonlinear response, and is compatible
with a wide range of samples and sample environments.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Heide, Christian
last_name: Heide
- first_name: Yuki
full_name: Kobayashi, Yuki
last_name: Kobayashi
- first_name: Denitsa Rangelova
full_name: Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova
id: 71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530
last_name: Baykusheva
- first_name: Deepti
full_name: Jain, Deepti
last_name: Jain
- first_name: Jonathan A.
full_name: Sobota, Jonathan A.
last_name: Sobota
- first_name: Makoto
full_name: Hashimoto, Makoto
last_name: Hashimoto
- first_name: Patrick S.
full_name: Kirchmann, Patrick S.
last_name: Kirchmann
- first_name: Seongshik
full_name: Oh, Seongshik
last_name: Oh
- first_name: Tony F.
full_name: Heinz, Tony F.
last_name: Heinz
- first_name: David A.
full_name: Reis, David A.
last_name: Reis
- first_name: Shambhu
full_name: Ghimire, Shambhu
last_name: Ghimire
citation:
ama: Heide C, Kobayashi Y, Baykusheva DR, et al. Probing topological phase transitions
using high-harmonic generation. Nature Photonics. 2022;16(9):620-624. doi:10.1038/s41566-022-01050-7
apa: Heide, C., Kobayashi, Y., Baykusheva, D. R., Jain, D., Sobota, J. A., Hashimoto,
M., … Ghimire, S. (2022). Probing topological phase transitions using high-harmonic
generation. Nature Photonics. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-022-01050-7
chicago: Heide, Christian, Yuki Kobayashi, Denitsa Rangelova Baykusheva, Deepti
Jain, Jonathan A. Sobota, Makoto Hashimoto, Patrick S. Kirchmann, et al. “Probing
Topological Phase Transitions Using High-Harmonic Generation.” Nature Photonics.
Springer Nature, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41566-022-01050-7.
ieee: C. Heide et al., “Probing topological phase transitions using high-harmonic
generation,” Nature Photonics, vol. 16, no. 9. Springer Nature, pp. 620–624,
2022.
ista: Heide C, Kobayashi Y, Baykusheva DR, Jain D, Sobota JA, Hashimoto M, Kirchmann
PS, Oh S, Heinz TF, Reis DA, Ghimire S. 2022. Probing topological phase transitions
using high-harmonic generation. Nature Photonics. 16(9), 620–624.
mla: Heide, Christian, et al. “Probing Topological Phase Transitions Using High-Harmonic
Generation.” Nature Photonics, vol. 16, no. 9, Springer Nature, 2022, pp.
620–24, doi:10.1038/s41566-022-01050-7.
short: C. Heide, Y. Kobayashi, D.R. Baykusheva, D. Jain, J.A. Sobota, M. Hashimoto,
P.S. Kirchmann, S. Oh, T.F. Heinz, D.A. Reis, S. Ghimire, Nature Photonics 16
(2022) 620–624.
date_created: 2023-08-09T13:07:51Z
date_published: 2022-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-22T07:20:09Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1038/s41566-022-01050-7
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 16'
issue: '9'
keyword:
- Atomic and Molecular Physics
- and Optics
- Electronic
- Optical and Magnetic Materials
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 620-624
publication: Nature Photonics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1749-4893
issn:
- 1749-4885
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Probing topological phase transitions using high-harmonic generation
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13992'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Understanding the chirality of molecular reaction pathways is essential for
a broad range of fundamental and applied sciences. However, the current ability
to probe chirality on the time scale of primary processes underlying chemical
reactions remains very limited. Here, we demonstrate time-resolved photoelectron
circular dichroism (TRPECD) with ultrashort circularly polarized vacuum-ultraviolet
(VUV) pulses from a tabletop source. We demonstrate the capabilities of VUV-TRPECD
by resolving the chirality changes in time during the photodissociation of atomic
iodine from two chiral molecules. We identify several general key features of
TRPECD, which include the ability to probe dynamical chirality along the complete
photochemical reaction path, the sensitivity to the local chirality of the evolving
scattering potential, and the influence of electron scattering off dissociating
photofragments. Our results are interpreted by comparison with high-level ab-initio
calculations of transient PECDs from molecular photoionization calculations. Our
experimental and theoretical techniques define a general approach to femtochirality.
article_number: abq2811
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Vít
full_name: Svoboda, Vít
last_name: Svoboda
- first_name: Niraghatam Bhargava
full_name: Ram, Niraghatam Bhargava
last_name: Ram
- first_name: Denitsa Rangelova
full_name: Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova
id: 71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530
last_name: Baykusheva
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Zindel, Daniel
last_name: Zindel
- first_name: Max D. J.
full_name: Waters, Max D. J.
last_name: Waters
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Spenger, Benjamin
last_name: Spenger
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Ochsner, Manuel
last_name: Ochsner
- first_name: Holger
full_name: Herburger, Holger
last_name: Herburger
- first_name: Jürgen
full_name: Stohner, Jürgen
last_name: Stohner
- first_name: Hans Jakob
full_name: Wörner, Hans Jakob
last_name: Wörner
citation:
ama: Svoboda V, Ram NB, Baykusheva DR, et al. Femtosecond photoelectron circular
dichroism of chemical reactions. Science Advances. 2022;8(28). doi:10.1126/sciadv.abq2811
apa: Svoboda, V., Ram, N. B., Baykusheva, D. R., Zindel, D., Waters, M. D. J., Spenger,
B., … Wörner, H. J. (2022). Femtosecond photoelectron circular dichroism of chemical
reactions. Science Advances. American Association for the Advancement of
Science. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq2811
chicago: Svoboda, Vít, Niraghatam Bhargava Ram, Denitsa Rangelova Baykusheva, Daniel
Zindel, Max D. J. Waters, Benjamin Spenger, Manuel Ochsner, Holger Herburger,
Jürgen Stohner, and Hans Jakob Wörner. “Femtosecond Photoelectron Circular Dichroism
of Chemical Reactions.” Science Advances. American Association for the
Advancement of Science, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq2811.
ieee: V. Svoboda et al., “Femtosecond photoelectron circular dichroism of
chemical reactions,” Science Advances, vol. 8, no. 28. American Association
for the Advancement of Science, 2022.
ista: Svoboda V, Ram NB, Baykusheva DR, Zindel D, Waters MDJ, Spenger B, Ochsner
M, Herburger H, Stohner J, Wörner HJ. 2022. Femtosecond photoelectron circular
dichroism of chemical reactions. Science Advances. 8(28), abq2811.
mla: Svoboda, Vít, et al. “Femtosecond Photoelectron Circular Dichroism of Chemical
Reactions.” Science Advances, vol. 8, no. 28, abq2811, American Association
for the Advancement of Science, 2022, doi:10.1126/sciadv.abq2811.
short: V. Svoboda, N.B. Ram, D.R. Baykusheva, D. Zindel, M.D.J. Waters, B. Spenger,
M. Ochsner, H. Herburger, J. Stohner, H.J. Wörner, Science Advances 8 (2022).
date_created: 2023-08-09T13:08:04Z
date_published: 2022-07-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-22T07:24:01Z
day: '15'
doi: 10.1126/sciadv.abq2811
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2206.04099'
pmid:
- '35857523'
intvolume: ' 8'
issue: '28'
keyword:
- Multidisciplinary
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1126/sciadv.abq2811
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Science Advances
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2375-2548
publication_status: published
publisher: American Association for the Advancement of Science
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Femtosecond photoelectron circular dichroism of chemical reactions
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 8
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13993'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Photoionization is a process taking place on attosecond time scales. How its
properties evolve from isolated particles to the condensed phase is an open question
of both fundamental and practical relevance. Here, we review recent work that
has advanced the study of photoionization dynamics from atoms to molecules, clusters
and the liquid phase. The first measurements of molecular photoionization delays
have revealed the attosecond dynamics of electron emission from a molecular shape
resonance and their sensitivity to the molecular potential. Using electron-ion
coincidence spectroscopy these measurements have been extended from isolated molecules
to clusters. A continuous increase of the delays with the water-cluster size has
been observed up to a size of 4-5 molecules, followed by a saturation towards
larger clusters. Comparison with calculations has revealed a correlation of the
time delay with the spatial extension of the created electron hole. Using cylindrical
liquid-microjet techniques, these measurements have also been extended to liquid
water, revealing a delay relative to isolated water molecules that was very similar
to the largest water clusters studied. Detailed modeling based on Monte-Carlo
simulations confirmed that these delays are dominated by the contributions of
the first two solvation shells, which agrees with the results of the cluster measurements.
These combined results open the perspective of experimentally characterizing the
delocalization of electronic wave functions in complex systems and studying their
evolution on attosecond time scales.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Xiaochun
full_name: Gong, Xiaochun
last_name: Gong
- first_name: Inga
full_name: Jordan, Inga
last_name: Jordan
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Huppert, Martin
last_name: Huppert
- first_name: Saijoscha
full_name: Heck, Saijoscha
last_name: Heck
- first_name: Denitsa Rangelova
full_name: Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova
id: 71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530
last_name: Baykusheva
- first_name: Denis
full_name: Jelovina, Denis
last_name: Jelovina
- first_name: Axel
full_name: Schild, Axel
last_name: Schild
- first_name: Hans Jakob
full_name: Wörner, Hans Jakob
last_name: Wörner
citation:
ama: 'Gong X, Jordan I, Huppert M, et al. Attosecond photoionization dynamics: from
molecules over clusters to the liquid phase. Chimia. 2022;76(6):520-528.
doi:10.2533/chimia.2022.520'
apa: 'Gong, X., Jordan, I., Huppert, M., Heck, S., Baykusheva, D. R., Jelovina,
D., … Wörner, H. J. (2022). Attosecond photoionization dynamics: from molecules
over clusters to the liquid phase. Chimia. Swiss Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2022.520'
chicago: 'Gong, Xiaochun, Inga Jordan, Martin Huppert, Saijoscha Heck, Denitsa Rangelova
Baykusheva, Denis Jelovina, Axel Schild, and Hans Jakob Wörner. “Attosecond Photoionization
Dynamics: From Molecules over Clusters to the Liquid Phase.” Chimia. Swiss
Chemical Society, 2022. https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2022.520.'
ieee: 'X. Gong et al., “Attosecond photoionization dynamics: from molecules
over clusters to the liquid phase,” Chimia, vol. 76, no. 6. Swiss Chemical
Society, pp. 520–528, 2022.'
ista: 'Gong X, Jordan I, Huppert M, Heck S, Baykusheva DR, Jelovina D, Schild A,
Wörner HJ. 2022. Attosecond photoionization dynamics: from molecules over clusters
to the liquid phase. Chimia. 76(6), 520–528.'
mla: 'Gong, Xiaochun, et al. “Attosecond Photoionization Dynamics: From Molecules
over Clusters to the Liquid Phase.” Chimia, vol. 76, no. 6, Swiss Chemical
Society, 2022, pp. 520–28, doi:10.2533/chimia.2022.520.'
short: X. Gong, I. Jordan, M. Huppert, S. Heck, D.R. Baykusheva, D. Jelovina, A.
Schild, H.J. Wörner, Chimia 76 (2022) 520–528.
date_created: 2023-08-09T13:08:15Z
date_published: 2022-06-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-22T07:26:39Z
day: '29'
doi: 10.2533/chimia.2022.520
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 76'
issue: '6'
keyword:
- General Medicine
- General Chemistry
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.2533/chimia.2022.520
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 520-528
publication: Chimia
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2673-2424
issn:
- 0009-4293
publication_status: published
publisher: Swiss Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Attosecond photoionization dynamics: from molecules over clusters to the liquid
phase'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 76
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '13994'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Ultrafast lasers are an increasingly important tool to control and stabilize
emergent phases in quantum materials. Among a variety of possible excitation protocols,
a particularly intriguing route is the direct light engineering of microscopic
electronic parameters, such as the electron hopping and the local Coulomb repulsion
(Hubbard \r\nU). In this work, we use time-resolved x-ray absorption spectroscopy
to demonstrate the light-induced renormalization of the Hubbard U in a cuprate
superconductor, La1.905Ba0.095CuO4. We show that intense femtosecond laser pulses
induce a substantial redshift of the upper Hubbard band while leaving the Zhang-Rice
singlet energy unaffected. By comparing the experimental data to time-dependent
spectra of single- and three-band Hubbard models, we assign this effect to an
approximately 140-meV reduction of the on-site Coulomb repulsion on the copper
sites. Our demonstration of a dynamical Hubbard U renormalization in a copper
oxide paves the way to a novel strategy for the manipulation of superconductivity
and magnetism as well as to the realization of other long-range-ordered phases
in light-driven quantum materials."
article_number: '011013'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Denitsa Rangelova
full_name: Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova
id: 71b4d059-2a03-11ee-914d-dfa3beed6530
last_name: Baykusheva
- first_name: Hoyoung
full_name: Jang, Hoyoung
last_name: Jang
- first_name: Ali A.
full_name: Husain, Ali A.
last_name: Husain
- first_name: Sangjun
full_name: Lee, Sangjun
last_name: Lee
- first_name: Sophia F. R.
full_name: TenHuisen, Sophia F. R.
last_name: TenHuisen
- first_name: Preston
full_name: Zhou, Preston
last_name: Zhou
- first_name: Sunwook
full_name: Park, Sunwook
last_name: Park
- first_name: Hoon
full_name: Kim, Hoon
last_name: Kim
- first_name: Jin-Kwang
full_name: Kim, Jin-Kwang
last_name: Kim
- first_name: Hyeong-Do
full_name: Kim, Hyeong-Do
last_name: Kim
- first_name: Minseok
full_name: Kim, Minseok
last_name: Kim
- first_name: Sang-Youn
full_name: Park, Sang-Youn
last_name: Park
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Abbamonte, Peter
last_name: Abbamonte
- first_name: B. J.
full_name: Kim, B. J.
last_name: Kim
- first_name: G. D.
full_name: Gu, G. D.
last_name: Gu
- first_name: Yao
full_name: Wang, Yao
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Matteo
full_name: Mitrano, Matteo
last_name: Mitrano
citation:
ama: Baykusheva DR, Jang H, Husain AA, et al. Ultrafast renormalization of the on-site
Coulomb repulsion in a cuprate superconductor. Physical Review X. 2022;12(1).
doi:10.1103/physrevx.12.011013
apa: Baykusheva, D. R., Jang, H., Husain, A. A., Lee, S., TenHuisen, S. F. R., Zhou,
P., … Mitrano, M. (2022). Ultrafast renormalization of the on-site Coulomb repulsion
in a cuprate superconductor. Physical Review X. American Physical Society.
https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.12.011013
chicago: Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova, Hoyoung Jang, Ali A. Husain, Sangjun Lee,
Sophia F. R. TenHuisen, Preston Zhou, Sunwook Park, et al. “Ultrafast Renormalization
of the On-Site Coulomb Repulsion in a Cuprate Superconductor.” Physical Review
X. American Physical Society, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevx.12.011013.
ieee: D. R. Baykusheva et al., “Ultrafast renormalization of the on-site
Coulomb repulsion in a cuprate superconductor,” Physical Review X, vol.
12, no. 1. American Physical Society, 2022.
ista: Baykusheva DR, Jang H, Husain AA, Lee S, TenHuisen SFR, Zhou P, Park S, Kim
H, Kim J-K, Kim H-D, Kim M, Park S-Y, Abbamonte P, Kim BJ, Gu GD, Wang Y, Mitrano
M. 2022. Ultrafast renormalization of the on-site Coulomb repulsion in a cuprate
superconductor. Physical Review X. 12(1), 011013.
mla: Baykusheva, Denitsa Rangelova, et al. “Ultrafast Renormalization of the On-Site
Coulomb Repulsion in a Cuprate Superconductor.” Physical Review X, vol.
12, no. 1, 011013, American Physical Society, 2022, doi:10.1103/physrevx.12.011013.
short: D.R. Baykusheva, H. Jang, A.A. Husain, S. Lee, S.F.R. TenHuisen, P. Zhou,
S. Park, H. Kim, J.-K. Kim, H.-D. Kim, M. Kim, S.-Y. Park, P. Abbamonte, B.J.
Kim, G.D. Gu, Y. Wang, M. Mitrano, Physical Review X 12 (2022).
date_created: 2023-08-09T13:08:26Z
date_published: 2022-01-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-14T12:23:26Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.1103/physrevx.12.011013
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2109.13229'
intvolume: ' 12'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- General Physics and Astronomy
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevX.12.011013
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Physical Review X
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2160-3308
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Ultrafast renormalization of the on-site Coulomb repulsion in a cuprate superconductor
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14093'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: ' We propose a stochastic conditional gradient method (CGM) for minimizing
convex finite-sum objectives formed as a sum of smooth and non-smooth terms. Existing
CGM variants for this template either suffer from slow convergence rates, or require
carefully increasing the batch size over the course of the algorithm’s execution,
which leads to computing full gradients. In contrast, the proposed method, equipped
with a stochastic average gradient (SAG) estimator, requires only one sample per
iteration. Nevertheless, it guarantees fast convergence rates on par with more
sophisticated variance reduction techniques. In applications we put special emphasis
on problems with a large number of separable constraints. Such problems are prevalent
among semidefinite programming (SDP) formulations arising in machine learning
and theoretical computer science. We provide numerical experiments on matrix completion,
unsupervised clustering, and sparsest-cut SDPs. '
alternative_title:
- PMLR
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Gideon
full_name: Dresdner, Gideon
last_name: Dresdner
- first_name: Maria-Luiza
full_name: Vladarean, Maria-Luiza
last_name: Vladarean
- first_name: Gunnar
full_name: Rätsch, Gunnar
last_name: Rätsch
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Volkan
full_name: Cevher, Volkan
last_name: Cevher
- first_name: Alp
full_name: Yurtsever, Alp
last_name: Yurtsever
citation:
ama: 'Dresdner G, Vladarean M-L, Rätsch G, Locatello F, Cevher V, Yurtsever A. Faster
one-sample stochastic conditional gradient method for composite convex minimization.
In: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
and Statistics. Vol 151. ML Research Press; 2022:8439-8457.'
apa: 'Dresdner, G., Vladarean, M.-L., Rätsch, G., Locatello, F., Cevher, V., &
Yurtsever, A. (2022). Faster one-sample stochastic conditional gradient method
for composite convex minimization. In Proceedings of the 25th International
Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics (Vol. 151, pp. 8439–8457).
Virtual: ML Research Press.'
chicago: Dresdner, Gideon, Maria-Luiza Vladarean, Gunnar Rätsch, Francesco Locatello,
Volkan Cevher, and Alp Yurtsever. “ Faster One-Sample Stochastic Conditional Gradient
Method for Composite Convex Minimization.” In Proceedings of the 25th International
Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, 151:8439–57. ML Research
Press, 2022.
ieee: G. Dresdner, M.-L. Vladarean, G. Rätsch, F. Locatello, V. Cevher, and A. Yurtsever,
“ Faster one-sample stochastic conditional gradient method for composite convex
minimization,” in Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence and Statistics, Virtual, 2022, vol. 151, pp. 8439–8457.
ista: 'Dresdner G, Vladarean M-L, Rätsch G, Locatello F, Cevher V, Yurtsever A.
2022. Faster one-sample stochastic conditional gradient method for composite
convex minimization. Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Artificial
Intelligence and Statistics. AISTATS: Conference on Artificial Intelligence and
Statistics, PMLR, vol. 151, 8439–8457.'
mla: Dresdner, Gideon, et al. “ Faster One-Sample Stochastic Conditional Gradient
Method for Composite Convex Minimization.” Proceedings of the 25th International
Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics, vol. 151, ML Research
Press, 2022, pp. 8439–57.
short: G. Dresdner, M.-L. Vladarean, G. Rätsch, F. Locatello, V. Cevher, A. Yurtsever,
in:, Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
and Statistics, ML Research Press, 2022, pp. 8439–8457.
conference:
end_date: 2022-03-30
location: Virtual
name: 'AISTATS: Conference on Artificial Intelligence and Statistics'
start_date: 2022-03-28
date_created: 2023-08-21T09:27:43Z
date_published: 2022-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-06T10:28:17Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2202.13212'
intvolume: ' 151'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2202.13212
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 8439-8457
publication: Proceedings of the 25th International Conference on Artificial Intelligence
and Statistics
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2640-3498
publication_status: published
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: ' Faster one-sample stochastic conditional gradient method for composite convex
minimization'
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 151
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14098'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Magnetic fields can drastically change predictions of evolutionary models
of massive stars via mass-loss quenching, magnetic braking, and efficient angular
momentum transport, which we aim to quantify in this work. We use the MESA software
instrument to compute an extensive main-sequence grid of stellar structure and
evolution models, as well as isochrones, accounting for the effects attributed
to a surface fossil magnetic field. The grid is densely populated in initial mass
(3–60 M⊙), surface equatorial magnetic field strength (0–50 kG), and metallicity
(representative of the Solar neighbourhood and the Magellanic Clouds). We use
two magnetic braking and two chemical mixing schemes and compare the model predictions
for slowly rotating, nitrogen-enriched (‘Group 2’) stars with observations in
the Large Magellanic Cloud. We quantify a range of initial field strengths that
allow for producing Group 2 stars and find that typical values (up to a few kG)
lead to solutions. Between the subgrids, we find notable departures in surface
abundances and evolutionary paths. In our magnetic models, chemical mixing is
always less efficient compared to non-magnetic models due to the rapid spin-down.
We identify that quasi-chemically homogeneous main sequence evolution by efficient
mixing could be prevented by fossil magnetic fields. We recommend comparing this
grid of evolutionary models with spectropolarimetric and spectroscopic observations
with the goals of (i) revisiting the derived stellar parameters of known magnetic
stars, and (ii) observationally constraining the uncertain magnetic braking and
chemical mixing schemes.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Z.
full_name: Keszthelyi, Z.
last_name: Keszthelyi
- first_name: A. de
full_name: Koter, A. de
last_name: Koter
- first_name: Ylva Louise Linsdotter
full_name: Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter
id: d0648d0c-0f64-11ee-a2e0-dd0faa2e4f7d
last_name: Götberg
orcid: 0000-0002-6960-6911
- first_name: G.
full_name: Meynet, G.
last_name: Meynet
- first_name: S. A.
full_name: Brands, S. A.
last_name: Brands
- first_name: V.
full_name: Petit, V.
last_name: Petit
- first_name: M.
full_name: Carrington, M.
last_name: Carrington
- first_name: A. David-Uraz
full_name: A. David-Uraz, A. David-Uraz
last_name: A. David-Uraz
- first_name: S. T.
full_name: Geen, S. T.
last_name: Geen
- first_name: C.
full_name: Georgy, C.
last_name: Georgy
- first_name: R.
full_name: Hirschi, R.
last_name: Hirschi
- first_name: J.
full_name: Puls, J.
last_name: Puls
- first_name: K. J.
full_name: Ramalatswa, K. J.
last_name: Ramalatswa
- first_name: M. E.
full_name: Shultz, M. E.
last_name: Shultz
- first_name: A. ud-Doula
full_name: A. ud-Doula, A. ud-Doula
last_name: A. ud-Doula
citation:
ama: 'Keszthelyi Z, Koter A de, Götberg YLL, et al. The effects of surface fossil
magnetic fields on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at solar, LMC,
and SMC metallicities. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society.
2022;517(2):2028-2055. doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2598'
apa: 'Keszthelyi, Z., Koter, A. de, Götberg, Y. L. L., Meynet, G., Brands, S. A.,
Petit, V., … A. ud-Doula, A. ud-Doula. (2022). The effects of surface fossil magnetic
fields on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford Academic. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac2598'
chicago: 'Keszthelyi, Z., A. de Koter, Ylva Louise Linsdotter Götberg, G. Meynet,
S. A. Brands, V. Petit, M. Carrington, et al. “The Effects of Surface Fossil Magnetic
Fields on Massive Star Evolution: IV. Grids of Models at Solar, LMC, and SMC Metallicities.”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford Academic, 2022.
https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac2598.'
ieee: 'Z. Keszthelyi et al., “The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields
on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities,”
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 517, no. 2. Oxford
Academic, pp. 2028–2055, 2022.'
ista: 'Keszthelyi Z, Koter A de, Götberg YLL, Meynet G, Brands SA, Petit V, Carrington
M, A. David-Uraz AD-U, Geen ST, Georgy C, Hirschi R, Puls J, Ramalatswa KJ, Shultz
ME, A. ud-Doula A ud-Doula. 2022. The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields
on massive star evolution: IV. Grids of models at solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities.
Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 517(2), 2028–2055.'
mla: 'Keszthelyi, Z., et al. “The Effects of Surface Fossil Magnetic Fields on Massive
Star Evolution: IV. Grids of Models at Solar, LMC, and SMC Metallicities.” Monthly
Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 517, no. 2, Oxford Academic,
2022, pp. 2028–55, doi:10.1093/mnras/stac2598.'
short: Z. Keszthelyi, A. de Koter, Y.L.L. Götberg, G. Meynet, S.A. Brands, V. Petit,
M. Carrington, A.D.-U. A. David-Uraz, S.T. Geen, C. Georgy, R. Hirschi, J. Puls,
K.J. Ramalatswa, M.E. Shultz, A. ud-Doula A. ud-Doula, Monthly Notices of the
Royal Astronomical Society 517 (2022) 2028–2055.
date_created: 2023-08-21T10:11:21Z
date_published: 2022-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-22T13:18:34Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1093/mnras/stac2598
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2209.06350'
intvolume: ' 517'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/stac2598
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2028-2055
publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2966
issn:
- 0035-8711
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford Academic
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The effects of surface fossil magnetic fields on massive star evolution: IV.
Grids of models at solar, LMC, and SMC metallicities'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 517
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14099'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Magnetism can greatly impact the evolution of stars. In some stars with OBA
spectral types there is direct evidence via the Zeeman effect for stable, large-scale
magnetospheres, which lead to the spin-down of the stellar surface and reduced
mass loss. So far, a comprehensive grid of stellar structure and evolution models
accounting for these effects was lacking. For this reason, we computed and studied
models with two magnetic braking and two chemical mixing schemes in three metallicity
environments with the MESA software instrument. We find notable differences between
the subgrids, which affects the model predictions and thus the detailed characterisation
of stars. We are able to quantify the impact of magnetic fields in terms of preventing
quasi-chemically homogeneous evolution and producing slowly-rotating, nitrogen-enriched
("Group 2") stars. Our model grid is fully open access and open source.
article_number: '2211.07060'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Z.
full_name: Keszthelyi, Z.
last_name: Keszthelyi
- first_name: A. de
full_name: Koter, A. de
last_name: Koter
- first_name: Ylva Louise Linsdotter
full_name: Götberg, Ylva Louise Linsdotter
id: d0648d0c-0f64-11ee-a2e0-dd0faa2e4f7d
last_name: Götberg
orcid: 0000-0002-6960-6911
- first_name: G.
full_name: Meynet, G.
last_name: Meynet
- first_name: S. A.
full_name: Brands, S. A.
last_name: Brands
- first_name: V.
full_name: Petit, V.
last_name: Petit
- first_name: M.
full_name: Carrington, M.
last_name: Carrington
- first_name: A. David-Uraz
full_name: A. David-Uraz, A. David-Uraz
last_name: A. David-Uraz
- first_name: S. T.
full_name: Geen, S. T.
last_name: Geen
- first_name: C.
full_name: Georgy, C.
last_name: Georgy
- first_name: R.
full_name: Hirschi, R.
last_name: Hirschi
- first_name: J.
full_name: Puls, J.
last_name: Puls
- first_name: K. J.
full_name: Ramalatswa, K. J.
last_name: Ramalatswa
- first_name: M. E.
full_name: Shultz, M. E.
last_name: Shultz
- first_name: A. ud-Doula
full_name: A. ud-Doula, A. ud-Doula
last_name: A. ud-Doula
citation:
ama: Keszthelyi Z, Koter A de, Götberg YLL, et al. Spin-down and reduced mass loss
in early-type stars with large-scale magnetic fields. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2211.07060
apa: Keszthelyi, Z., Koter, A. de, Götberg, Y. L. L., Meynet, G., Brands, S. A.,
Petit, V., … A. ud-Doula, A. ud-Doula. (n.d.). Spin-down and reduced mass loss
in early-type stars with large-scale magnetic fields. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.07060
chicago: Keszthelyi, Z., A. de Koter, Ylva Louise Linsdotter Götberg, G. Meynet,
S. A. Brands, V. Petit, M. Carrington, et al. “Spin-down and Reduced Mass Loss
in Early-Type Stars with Large-Scale Magnetic Fields.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.07060.
ieee: Z. Keszthelyi et al., “Spin-down and reduced mass loss in early-type
stars with large-scale magnetic fields,” arXiv. .
ista: Keszthelyi Z, Koter A de, Götberg YLL, Meynet G, Brands SA, Petit V, Carrington
M, A. David-Uraz AD-U, Geen ST, Georgy C, Hirschi R, Puls J, Ramalatswa KJ, Shultz
ME, A. ud-Doula A ud-Doula. Spin-down and reduced mass loss in early-type stars
with large-scale magnetic fields. arXiv, 2211.07060.
mla: Keszthelyi, Z., et al. “Spin-down and Reduced Mass Loss in Early-Type Stars
with Large-Scale Magnetic Fields.” ArXiv, 2211.07060, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2211.07060.
short: Z. Keszthelyi, A. de Koter, Y.L.L. Götberg, G. Meynet, S.A. Brands, V. Petit,
M. Carrington, A.D.-U. A. David-Uraz, S.T. Geen, C. Georgy, R. Hirschi, J. Puls,
K.J. Ramalatswa, M.E. Shultz, A. ud-Doula A. ud-Doula, ArXiv (n.d.).
date_created: 2023-08-21T10:11:37Z
date_published: 2022-11-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-22T13:20:15Z
day: '14'
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2211.07060
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2211.07060'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2211.07060
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
publication: arXiv
publication_status: submitted
status: public
title: Spin-down and reduced mass loss in early-type stars with large-scale magnetic
fields
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14106'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We show that deep networks trained to satisfy demographic parity often do
so\r\nthrough a form of race or gender awareness, and that the more we force a
network\r\nto be fair, the more accurately we can recover race or gender from
the internal state\r\nof the network. Based on this observation, we investigate
an alternative fairness\r\napproach: we add a second classification head to the
network to explicitly predict\r\nthe protected attribute (such as race or gender)
alongside the original task. After\r\ntraining the two-headed network, we enforce
demographic parity by merging the\r\ntwo heads, creating a network with the same
architecture as the original network.\r\nWe establish a close relationship between
existing approaches and our approach\r\nby showing (1) that the decisions of a
fair classifier are well-approximated by our\r\napproach, and (2) that an unfair
and optimally accurate classifier can be recovered\r\nfrom a fair classifier and
our second head predicting the protected attribute. We use\r\nour explicit formulation
to argue that the existing fairness approaches, just as ours,\r\ndemonstrate disparate
treatment and that they are likely to be unlawful in a wide\r\nrange of scenarios
under US law."
alternative_title:
- Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Lohaus, Michael
last_name: Lohaus
- first_name: Matthäus
full_name: Kleindessner, Matthäus
last_name: Kleindessner
- first_name: Krishnaram
full_name: Kenthapadi, Krishnaram
last_name: Kenthapadi
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Chris
full_name: Russell, Chris
last_name: Russell
citation:
ama: 'Lohaus M, Kleindessner M, Kenthapadi K, Locatello F, Russell C. Are two heads
the same as one? Identifying disparate treatment in fair neural networks. In:
36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. Vol 35. Neural
Information Processing Systems Foundation; 2022:16548-16562.'
apa: 'Lohaus, M., Kleindessner, M., Kenthapadi, K., Locatello, F., & Russell,
C. (2022). Are two heads the same as one? Identifying disparate treatment in fair
neural networks. In 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
(Vol. 35, pp. 16548–16562). New Orleans, LA, United States: Neural Information
Processing Systems Foundation.'
chicago: Lohaus, Michael, Matthäus Kleindessner, Krishnaram Kenthapadi, Francesco
Locatello, and Chris Russell. “Are Two Heads the Same as One? Identifying Disparate
Treatment in Fair Neural Networks.” In 36th Conference on Neural Information
Processing Systems, 35:16548–62. Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation,
2022.
ieee: M. Lohaus, M. Kleindessner, K. Kenthapadi, F. Locatello, and C. Russell, “Are
two heads the same as one? Identifying disparate treatment in fair neural networks,”
in 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, New Orleans,
LA, United States, 2022, vol. 35, pp. 16548–16562.
ista: 'Lohaus M, Kleindessner M, Kenthapadi K, Locatello F, Russell C. 2022. Are
two heads the same as one? Identifying disparate treatment in fair neural networks.
36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information
Processing Systems, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 35,
16548–16562.'
mla: Lohaus, Michael, et al. “Are Two Heads the Same as One? Identifying Disparate
Treatment in Fair Neural Networks.” 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing
Systems, vol. 35, Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2022,
pp. 16548–62.
short: M. Lohaus, M. Kleindessner, K. Kenthapadi, F. Locatello, C. Russell, in:,
36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Neural Information Processing
Systems Foundation, 2022, pp. 16548–16562.
conference:
end_date: 2022-12-09
location: New Orleans, LA, United States
name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
start_date: 2022-11-28
date_created: 2023-08-21T12:12:42Z
date_published: 2022-12-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-14T12:27:01Z
day: '15'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2204.04440'
intvolume: ' 35'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2204.04440
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 16548-16562
publication: 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9781713871088'
publication_status: published
publisher: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Are two heads the same as one? Identifying disparate treatment in fair neural
networks
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 35
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14107'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Amodal perception requires inferring the full shape of an object that is
partially occluded. This task is particularly challenging on two levels: (1) it
requires more information than what is contained in the instant retina or imaging
sensor, (2) it is difficult to obtain enough well-annotated amodal labels for
supervision. To this end, this paper develops a new framework of\r\nSelf-supervised
amodal Video object segmentation (SaVos). Our method efficiently leverages the
visual information of video temporal sequences to infer the amodal mask of objects.
The key intuition is that the occluded part of an object can be explained away
if that part is visible in other frames, possibly deformed as long as the deformation
can be reasonably learned.\r\nAccordingly, we derive a novel self-supervised learning
paradigm that efficiently utilizes the visible object parts as the supervision
to guide the training on videos. In addition to learning type prior to complete
masks for known types, SaVos also learns the spatiotemporal prior, which is also
useful for the amodal task and could generalize to unseen types. The proposed\r\nframework
achieves the state-of-the-art performance on the synthetic amodal segmentation
benchmark FISHBOWL and the real world benchmark KINS-Video-Car. Further, it lends
itself well to being transferred to novel distributions using test-time adaptation,
outperforming existing models even after the transfer to a new distribution."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jian
full_name: Yao, Jian
last_name: Yao
- first_name: Yuxin
full_name: Hong, Yuxin
last_name: Hong
- first_name: Chiyu
full_name: Wang, Chiyu
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Tianjun
full_name: Xiao, Tianjun
last_name: Xiao
- first_name: Tong
full_name: He, Tong
last_name: He
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: David
full_name: Wipf, David
last_name: Wipf
- first_name: Yanwei
full_name: Fu, Yanwei
last_name: Fu
- first_name: Zheng
full_name: Zhang, Zheng
last_name: Zhang
citation:
ama: 'Yao J, Hong Y, Wang C, et al. Self-supervised amodal video object segmentation.
In: 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. ; 2022. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2210.12733'
apa: Yao, J., Hong, Y., Wang, C., Xiao, T., He, T., Locatello, F., … Zhang, Z. (2022).
Self-supervised amodal video object segmentation. In 36th Conference on Neural
Information Processing Systems. New Orleans, LA, United States. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.12733
chicago: Yao, Jian, Yuxin Hong, Chiyu Wang, Tianjun Xiao, Tong He, Francesco Locatello,
David Wipf, Yanwei Fu, and Zheng Zhang. “Self-Supervised Amodal Video Object Segmentation.”
In 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, 2022. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.12733.
ieee: J. Yao et al., “Self-supervised amodal video object segmentation,”
in 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, New Orleans,
LA, United States, 2022.
ista: 'Yao J, Hong Y, Wang C, Xiao T, He T, Locatello F, Wipf D, Fu Y, Zhang Z.
2022. Self-supervised amodal video object segmentation. 36th Conference on Neural
Information Processing Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems.'
mla: Yao, Jian, et al. “Self-Supervised Amodal Video Object Segmentation.” 36th
Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, 2022, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2210.12733.
short: J. Yao, Y. Hong, C. Wang, T. Xiao, T. He, F. Locatello, D. Wipf, Y. Fu, Z.
Zhang, in:, 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, 2022.
conference:
end_date: 2022-12-01
location: New Orleans, LA, United States
name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
start_date: 2022-11-28
date_created: 2023-08-21T12:13:25Z
date_published: 2022-10-23T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T09:34:17Z
day: '23'
department:
- _id: FrLo
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2210.12733
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2210.12733'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.12733
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Self-supervised amodal video object segmentation
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14114'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Algorithmic fairness is frequently motivated in terms of a trade-off in which
overall performance is decreased so as to improve performance on disadvantaged
groups where the algorithm would otherwise be less accurate. Contrary to this,
we find that applying existing fairness approaches to computer vision improve
fairness by degrading the performance of classifiers across all groups (with increased
degradation on the best performing groups). Extending the bias-variance decomposition
for classification to fairness, we theoretically explain why the majority of fairness
methods designed for low capacity models should not be used in settings involving
high-capacity models, a scenario common to computer vision. We corroborate this
analysis with extensive experimental support that shows that many of the fairness
heuristics used in computer vision also degrade performance on the most disadvantaged
groups. Building on these insights, we propose an adaptive augmentation strategy
that, uniquely, of all methods tested, improves performance for the disadvantaged
groups.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Dominik
full_name: Zietlow, Dominik
last_name: Zietlow
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Lohaus, Michael
last_name: Lohaus
- first_name: Guha
full_name: Balakrishnan, Guha
last_name: Balakrishnan
- first_name: Matthaus
full_name: Kleindessner, Matthaus
last_name: Kleindessner
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Scholkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Scholkopf
- first_name: Chris
full_name: Russell, Chris
last_name: Russell
citation:
ama: 'Zietlow D, Lohaus M, Balakrishnan G, et al. Leveling down in computer vision:
Pareto inefficiencies in fair deep classifiers. In: 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference
on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition. Institute of Electrical and Electronics
Engineers; 2022:10400-10411. doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.01016'
apa: 'Zietlow, D., Lohaus, M., Balakrishnan, G., Kleindessner, M., Locatello, F.,
Scholkopf, B., & Russell, C. (2022). Leveling down in computer vision: Pareto
inefficiencies in fair deep classifiers. In 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer
Vision and Pattern Recognition (pp. 10400–10411). New Orleans, LA, United
States: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers. https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.01016'
chicago: 'Zietlow, Dominik, Michael Lohaus, Guha Balakrishnan, Matthaus Kleindessner,
Francesco Locatello, Bernhard Scholkopf, and Chris Russell. “Leveling down in
Computer Vision: Pareto Inefficiencies in Fair Deep Classifiers.” In 2022 IEEE/CVF
Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 10400–411. Institute
of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.01016.'
ieee: 'D. Zietlow et al., “Leveling down in computer vision: Pareto inefficiencies
in fair deep classifiers,” in 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and
Pattern Recognition, New Orleans, LA, United States, 2022, pp. 10400–10411.'
ista: 'Zietlow D, Lohaus M, Balakrishnan G, Kleindessner M, Locatello F, Scholkopf
B, Russell C. 2022. Leveling down in computer vision: Pareto inefficiencies in
fair deep classifiers. 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
Recognition. CVPR: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition, 10400–10411.'
mla: 'Zietlow, Dominik, et al. “Leveling down in Computer Vision: Pareto Inefficiencies
in Fair Deep Classifiers.” 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and
Pattern Recognition, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2022,
pp. 10400–11, doi:10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.01016.'
short: D. Zietlow, M. Lohaus, G. Balakrishnan, M. Kleindessner, F. Locatello, B.
Scholkopf, C. Russell, in:, 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern
Recognition, Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers, 2022, pp. 10400–10411.
conference:
end_date: 2022-06-24
location: New Orleans, LA, United States
name: 'CVPR: Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition'
start_date: 2022-06-18
date_created: 2023-08-21T12:18:00Z
date_published: 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T09:19:14Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: FrLo
doi: 10.1109/cvpr52688.2022.01016
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2203.04913'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.04913
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 10400-10411
publication: 2022 IEEE/CVF Conference on Computer Vision and Pattern Recognition
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2575-7075
isbn:
- '9781665469470'
issn:
- 1063-6919
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Electrical and Electronics Engineers
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Leveling down in computer vision: Pareto inefficiencies in fair deep classifiers'
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14168'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Recent work has seen the development of general purpose neural architectures\r\nthat
can be trained to perform tasks across diverse data modalities. General\r\npurpose
models typically make few assumptions about the underlying\r\ndata-structure and
are known to perform well in the large-data regime. At the\r\nsame time, there
has been growing interest in modular neural architectures that\r\nrepresent the
data using sparsely interacting modules. These models can be more\r\nrobust out-of-distribution,
computationally efficient, and capable of\r\nsample-efficient adaptation to new
data. However, they tend to make\r\ndomain-specific assumptions about the data,
and present challenges in how\r\nmodule behavior (i.e., parameterization) and
connectivity (i.e., their layout)\r\ncan be jointly learned. In this work, we
introduce a general purpose, yet\r\nmodular neural architecture called Neural
Attentive Circuits (NACs) that\r\njointly learns the parameterization and a sparse
connectivity of neural modules\r\nwithout using domain knowledge. NACs are best
understood as the combination of\r\ntwo systems that are jointly trained end-to-end:
one that determines the module\r\nconfiguration and the other that executes it
on an input. We demonstrate\r\nqualitatively that NACs learn diverse and meaningful
module configurations on\r\nthe NLVR2 dataset without additional supervision.
Quantitatively, we show that\r\nby incorporating modularity in this way, NACs
improve upon a strong non-modular\r\nbaseline in terms of low-shot adaptation
on CIFAR and CUBs dataset by about\r\n10%, and OOD robustness on Tiny ImageNet-R
by about 2.5%. Further, we find that\r\nNACs can achieve an 8x speedup at inference
time while losing less than 3%\r\nperformance. Finally, we find NACs to yield
competitive results on diverse data\r\nmodalities spanning point-cloud classification,
symbolic processing and\r\ntext-classification from ASCII bytes, thereby confirming
its general purpose\r\nnature."
alternative_title:
- ' Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Nasim
full_name: Rahaman, Nasim
last_name: Rahaman
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Weiss, Martin
last_name: Weiss
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Chris
full_name: Pal, Chris
last_name: Pal
- first_name: Yoshua
full_name: Bengio, Yoshua
last_name: Bengio
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
- first_name: Li Erran
full_name: Li, Li Erran
last_name: Li
- first_name: Nicolas
full_name: Ballas, Nicolas
last_name: Ballas
citation:
ama: 'Rahaman N, Weiss M, Locatello F, et al. Neural attentive circuits. In: 36th
Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems. Vol 35. ; 2022.'
apa: Rahaman, N., Weiss, M., Locatello, F., Pal, C., Bengio, Y., Schölkopf, B.,
… Ballas, N. (2022). Neural attentive circuits. In 36th Conference on Neural
Information Processing Systems (Vol. 35). New Orleans, United States.
chicago: Rahaman, Nasim, Martin Weiss, Francesco Locatello, Chris Pal, Yoshua Bengio,
Bernhard Schölkopf, Li Erran Li, and Nicolas Ballas. “Neural Attentive Circuits.”
In 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Vol. 35, 2022.
ieee: N. Rahaman et al., “Neural attentive circuits,” in 36th Conference
on Neural Information Processing Systems, New Orleans, United States, 2022,
vol. 35.
ista: 'Rahaman N, Weiss M, Locatello F, Pal C, Bengio Y, Schölkopf B, Li LE, Ballas
N. 2022. Neural attentive circuits. 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing
Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems, Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems, vol. 35.'
mla: Rahaman, Nasim, et al. “Neural Attentive Circuits.” 36th Conference on Neural
Information Processing Systems, vol. 35, 2022.
short: N. Rahaman, M. Weiss, F. Locatello, C. Pal, Y. Bengio, B. Schölkopf, L.E.
Li, N. Ballas, in:, 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems,
2022.
conference:
end_date: 2022-12-01
location: New Orleans, United States
name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
start_date: 2022-11-29
date_created: 2023-08-22T13:57:27Z
date_published: 2022-10-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T09:29:09Z
day: '14'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2210.08031'
intvolume: ' 35'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2210.08031
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: 36th Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_status: published
status: public
title: Neural attentive circuits
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 35
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14170'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The idea behind object-centric representation learning is that natural scenes
can better be modeled as compositions of objects and their relations as opposed
to distributed representations. This inductive bias can be injected into neural
networks to potentially improve systematic generalization and performance of downstream
tasks in scenes with multiple objects. In this paper, we train state-of-the-art
unsupervised models on five common multi-object datasets and evaluate segmentation
metrics and downstream object property prediction. In addition, we study generalization
and robustness by investigating the settings where either a single object is out
of distribution -- e.g., having an unseen color, texture, or shape -- or global
properties of the scene are altered -- e.g., by occlusions, cropping, or increasing
the number of objects. From our experimental study, we find object-centric representations
to be useful for\r\ndownstream tasks and generally robust to most distribution
shifts affecting objects. However, when the distribution shift affects the input
in a less structured manner, robustness in terms of segmentation and downstream
task performance may vary significantly across models and distribution shifts. "
alternative_title:
- PMLR
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Andrea
full_name: Dittadi, Andrea
last_name: Dittadi
- first_name: Samuele
full_name: Papa, Samuele
last_name: Papa
- first_name: Michele De
full_name: Vita, Michele De
last_name: Vita
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
- first_name: Ole
full_name: Winther, Ole
last_name: Winther
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
citation:
ama: 'Dittadi A, Papa S, Vita MD, Schölkopf B, Winther O, Locatello F. Generalization
and robustness implications in object-centric learning. In: Proceedings of
the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning. Vol 2022. ML Research
Press; :5221-5285.'
apa: 'Dittadi, A., Papa, S., Vita, M. D., Schölkopf, B., Winther, O., & Locatello,
F. (n.d.). Generalization and robustness implications in object-centric learning.
In Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning
(Vol. 2022, pp. 5221–5285). Baltimore, MD, United States: ML Research Press.'
chicago: Dittadi, Andrea, Samuele Papa, Michele De Vita, Bernhard Schölkopf, Ole
Winther, and Francesco Locatello. “Generalization and Robustness Implications
in Object-Centric Learning.” In Proceedings of the 39th International Conference
on Machine Learning, 2022:5221–85. ML Research Press, n.d.
ieee: A. Dittadi, S. Papa, M. D. Vita, B. Schölkopf, O. Winther, and F. Locatello,
“Generalization and robustness implications in object-centric learning,” in Proceedings
of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning, Baltimore, MD, United
States, vol. 2022, pp. 5221–5285.
ista: Dittadi A, Papa S, Vita MD, Schölkopf B, Winther O, Locatello F. Generalization
and robustness implications in object-centric learning. Proceedings of the 39th
International Conference on Machine Learning. International Conference on Machine
Learning, PMLR, vol. 2022, 5221–5285.
mla: Dittadi, Andrea, et al. “Generalization and Robustness Implications in Object-Centric
Learning.” Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning,
vol. 2022, ML Research Press, pp. 5221–85.
short: A. Dittadi, S. Papa, M.D. Vita, B. Schölkopf, O. Winther, F. Locatello, in:,
Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning, ML Research
Press, n.d., pp. 5221–5285.
conference:
end_date: 2022-07-23
location: Baltimore, MD, United States
name: International Conference on Machine Learning
start_date: 2022-07-17
date_created: 2023-08-22T13:59:55Z
date_published: 2022-07-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T10:08:14Z
day: '22'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2107.00637'
intvolume: ' 2022'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2107.00637
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 5221-5285
publication: Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning
publication_status: submitted
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Generalization and robustness implications in object-centric learning
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 2022
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14171'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "This paper demonstrates how to recover causal graphs from the score of the\r\ndata
distribution in non-linear additive (Gaussian) noise models. Using score\r\nmatching
algorithms as a building block, we show how to design a new generation\r\nof scalable
causal discovery methods. To showcase our approach, we also propose\r\na new efficient
method for approximating the score's Jacobian, enabling to\r\nrecover the causal
graph. Empirically, we find that the new algorithm, called\r\nSCORE, is competitive
with state-of-the-art causal discovery methods while\r\nbeing significantly faster."
alternative_title:
- PMLR
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Rolland, Paul
last_name: Rolland
- first_name: Volkan
full_name: Cevher, Volkan
last_name: Cevher
- first_name: Matthäus
full_name: Kleindessner, Matthäus
last_name: Kleindessner
- first_name: Chris
full_name: Russel, Chris
last_name: Russel
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
- first_name: Dominik
full_name: Janzing, Dominik
last_name: Janzing
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
citation:
ama: 'Rolland P, Cevher V, Kleindessner M, et al. Score matching enables causal
discovery of nonlinear additive noise models. In: Proceedings of the 39th
International Conference on Machine Learning. Vol 162. ML Research Press;
2022:18741-18753.'
apa: 'Rolland, P., Cevher, V., Kleindessner, M., Russel, C., Schölkopf, B., Janzing,
D., & Locatello, F. (2022). Score matching enables causal discovery of nonlinear
additive noise models. In Proceedings of the 39th International Conference
on Machine Learning (Vol. 162, pp. 18741–18753). Baltimore, MD, United States:
ML Research Press.'
chicago: Rolland, Paul, Volkan Cevher, Matthäus Kleindessner, Chris Russel, Bernhard
Schölkopf, Dominik Janzing, and Francesco Locatello. “Score Matching Enables Causal
Discovery of Nonlinear Additive Noise Models.” In Proceedings of the 39th
International Conference on Machine Learning, 162:18741–53. ML Research Press,
2022.
ieee: P. Rolland et al., “Score matching enables causal discovery of nonlinear
additive noise models,” in Proceedings of the 39th International Conference
on Machine Learning, Baltimore, MD, United States, 2022, vol. 162, pp. 18741–18753.
ista: Rolland P, Cevher V, Kleindessner M, Russel C, Schölkopf B, Janzing D, Locatello
F. 2022. Score matching enables causal discovery of nonlinear additive noise
models. Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning.
International Conference on Machine Learning, PMLR, vol. 162, 18741–18753.
mla: Rolland, Paul, et al. “Score Matching Enables Causal Discovery of Nonlinear
Additive Noise Models.” Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on
Machine Learning, vol. 162, ML Research Press, 2022, pp. 18741–53.
short: P. Rolland, V. Cevher, M. Kleindessner, C. Russel, B. Schölkopf, D. Janzing,
F. Locatello, in:, Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine
Learning, ML Research Press, 2022, pp. 18741–18753.
conference:
end_date: 2022-07-23
location: Baltimore, MD, United States
name: International Conference on Machine Learning
start_date: 2022-07-17
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:00:18Z
date_published: 2022-07-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T10:14:20Z
day: '22'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2203.04413'
intvolume: ' 162'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2203.04413
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 18741-18753
publication: Proceedings of the 39th International Conference on Machine Learning
publication_status: published
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Score matching enables causal discovery of nonlinear additive noise models
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 162
year: '2022'
...
---
_id: '14172'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "An important component for generalization in machine learning is to uncover
underlying latent factors of variation as well as the mechanism through which
each factor acts in the world. In this paper, we test whether 17 unsupervised,
weakly supervised, and fully supervised representation learning approaches correctly
infer the generative factors of variation in simple datasets (dSprites, Shapes3D,
MPI3D) from controlled environments, and on our contributed CelebGlow dataset.
In contrast to prior robustness work that introduces novel factors of variation
during test time, such as blur or other (un)structured noise, we here recompose,
interpolate, or extrapolate only existing factors of variation from the training
data set (e.g., small and medium-sized objects during training and large objects
during testing). Models\r\nthat learn the correct mechanism should be able to
generalize to this benchmark. In total, we train and test 2000+ models and observe
that all of them struggle to learn the underlying mechanism regardless of supervision
signal and architectural bias. Moreover, the generalization capabilities of all
tested models drop significantly as we move from artificial datasets towards\r\nmore
realistic real-world datasets. Despite their inability to identify the correct
mechanism, the models are quite modular as their ability to infer other in-distribution
factors remains fairly stable, providing only a single factoris out-of-distribution.
These results point to an important yet understudied problem of learning mechanistic
models of observations that can facilitate\r\ngeneralization."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Lukas
full_name: Schott, Lukas
last_name: Schott
- first_name: Julius von
full_name: Kügelgen, Julius von
last_name: Kügelgen
- first_name: Frederik
full_name: Träuble, Frederik
last_name: Träuble
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Gehler, Peter
last_name: Gehler
- first_name: Chris
full_name: Russell, Chris
last_name: Russell
- first_name: Matthias
full_name: Bethge, Matthias
last_name: Bethge
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Wieland
full_name: Brendel, Wieland
last_name: Brendel
citation:
ama: 'Schott L, Kügelgen J von, Träuble F, et al. Visual representation learning
does not generalize strongly within the same domain. In: 10th International
Conference on Learning Representations. ; 2022.'
apa: Schott, L., Kügelgen, J. von, Träuble, F., Gehler, P., Russell, C., Bethge,
M., … Brendel, W. (2022). Visual representation learning does not generalize strongly
within the same domain. In 10th International Conference on Learning Representations.
Virtual.
chicago: Schott, Lukas, Julius von Kügelgen, Frederik Träuble, Peter Gehler, Chris
Russell, Matthias Bethge, Bernhard Schölkopf, Francesco Locatello, and Wieland
Brendel. “Visual Representation Learning Does Not Generalize Strongly within the
Same Domain.” In 10th International Conference on Learning Representations,
2022.
ieee: L. Schott et al., “Visual representation learning does not generalize
strongly within the same domain,” in 10th International Conference on Learning
Representations, Virtual, 2022.
ista: 'Schott L, Kügelgen J von, Träuble F, Gehler P, Russell C, Bethge M, Schölkopf
B, Locatello F, Brendel W. 2022. Visual representation learning does not generalize
strongly within the same domain. 10th International Conference on Learning Representations.
ICLR: International Conference on Learning Representations.'
mla: Schott, Lukas, et al. “Visual Representation Learning Does Not Generalize Strongly
within the Same Domain.” 10th International Conference on Learning Representations,
2022.
short: L. Schott, J. von Kügelgen, F. Träuble, P. Gehler, C. Russell, M. Bethge,
B. Schölkopf, F. Locatello, W. Brendel, in:, 10th International Conference on
Learning Representations, 2022.
conference:
end_date: 2022-04-29
location: Virtual
name: 'ICLR: International Conference on Learning Representations'
start_date: 2022-04-25
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:00:50Z
date_published: 2022-04-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-11T09:40:52Z
day: '25'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2107.08221'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2107.08221
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: 10th International Conference on Learning Representations
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Visual representation learning does not generalize strongly within the same
domain
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2022'
...