--- OA_place: publisher _id: '14510' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is vital for the regulation of plant growth and\r\ndevelopment by controlling plasma membrane protein composition and cargo uptake. CME\r\nrelies on the precise recruitment control of protein regulators for vesicle maturation and\r\nrelease. During the early stages of endocytosis, an area of flat membrane is remodelled by\r\nproteins to create a spherical vesicle against intracellular forces. After the Clathrin-coated\r\nvesicle (CCV) is fully formed, scission machinery releases it from the plasma membrane,\r\nand cargo proceeds for recycling or degradation through early endosomes / Trans Golgi\r\nnetwork. Protein machineries that mediate membrane bending and vesicle release in plants\r\nare unknown. However, studies show, that plant endocytosis is actin independent, thus\r\nindicating that plants utilize a unique mechanism to mediate membrane bending against highturgor pressure compared to other model systems. First, by using biochemical and advanced\r\nlive microscopy approaches we investigate the TPLATE complex, a plant-specific\r\nendocytosis protein complex. We found that TPLATE is peripherally associated with\r\nclathrin-coated vesicles and localises at the rim of endocytosis events. Next, our study of\r\nplant Dynamin-related protein 1C (DRP1C), which was hypothesised previously to play a\r\nrole in vesicle release, shows the recruitment of the protein already at the early stages of\r\nendocytosis. Moreover, DRP1C assembles into organised ring-like structures and is able to\r\ninduce membrane deformation and tubulation, suggesting its role also in membrane bending\r\nduring early CME. Based on the data from mammalian and yeast systems, plant DynaminRelated Proteins 2 and SH3P2 protein are strong candidates to be part of the plant vesicle\r\nscission machinery; however, their precise role in plant CME has not been yet elucidated.\r\nHere, we characterised DRP2s and SH3P2 roles in CME by combining high-resolution\r\nimaging of endocytic events in vivo and protein characterisation. Although DRP2s and\r\nSH3P2 arrive together during late CME and physically interact, genetic analysis using\r\n∆sh3p1,2,3 mutant and complementation with non-DRP2-interacting SH3P2 variants suggest\r\nthat SH3P2 does not directly recruit DRP2s to the site of endocytosis. Summarising our\r\nresearch, these observations provide new important insights into the mechanism of plant\r\nCME and show that, despite plants posses many homologues of mammalian and yeast CME\r\ncomponents, they do not necessarily act in the same manner. " acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac - _id: Bio - _id: LifeSc alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nataliia full_name: Gnyliukh, Nataliia id: 390C1120-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Gnyliukh orcid: 0000-0002-2198-0509 citation: ama: Gnyliukh N. Mechanism of clathrin-coated vesicle  formation during endocytosis in plants. 2023. doi:10.15479/at:ista:14510 apa: Gnyliukh, N. (2023). Mechanism of clathrin-coated vesicle  formation during endocytosis in plants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14510 chicago: Gnyliukh, Nataliia. “Mechanism of Clathrin-Coated Vesicle  Formation during Endocytosis in Plants.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14510. ieee: N. Gnyliukh, “Mechanism of clathrin-coated vesicle  formation during endocytosis in plants,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. ista: Gnyliukh N. 2023. Mechanism of clathrin-coated vesicle  formation during endocytosis in plants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Gnyliukh, Nataliia. Mechanism of Clathrin-Coated Vesicle  Formation during Endocytosis in Plants. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/at:ista:14510. short: N. Gnyliukh, Mechanism of Clathrin-Coated Vesicle  Formation during Endocytosis in Plants, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-11-10T09:10:06Z date_published: 2023-11-10T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-06T22:30:53Z day: '10' ddc: - '570' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: JiFr - _id: MaLo doi: 10.15479/at:ista:14510 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: closed checksum: 3d5e680bfc61f98e308c434f45cc9bd6 content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: ngnyliuk date_created: 2023-11-20T09:18:51Z date_updated: 2024-11-23T23:30:38Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '14567' file_name: Thesis_Gnyliukh_final_08_11_23.docx file_size: 20824903 relation: source_file - access_level: open_access checksum: bfc96d47fc4e7e857dd71656097214a4 content_type: application/pdf creator: ngnyliuk date_created: 2023-11-20T09:23:11Z date_updated: 2024-11-23T23:30:38Z embargo: 2024-11-23 file_id: '14568' file_name: Thesis_Gnyliukh_final_20_11_23.pdf file_size: 24871844 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2024-11-23T23:30:38Z has_accepted_license: '1' keyword: - Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis - vesicle scission - Dynamin-Related Protein 2 - SH3P2 - TPLATE complex - Total internal reflection fluorescence microscopy - Arabidopsis thaliana language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '180' project: - _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '665385' name: International IST Doctoral Program publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-3-99078-037-4 issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '14591' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '9887' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '8139' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Jiří full_name: Friml, Jiří id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Friml orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596 - first_name: Martin full_name: Loose, Martin id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Loose orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724 title: Mechanism of clathrin-coated vesicle formation during endocytosis in plants tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2023' ... --- OA_place: repository _id: '14591' abstract: - lang: eng text: Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) is vital for the regulation of plant growth and development by controlling plasma membrane protein composition and cargo uptake. CME relies on the precise recruitment of regulators for vesicle maturation and release. Homologues of components of mammalian vesicle scission are strong candidates to be part of the scissin machinery in plants, but the precise roles of these proteins in this process is not fully understood. Here, we characterised the roles of Plant Dynamin-Related Proteins 2 (DRP2s) and SH3-domain containing protein 2 (SH3P2), the plant homologue to Dynamins’ recruiters, like Endophilin and Amphiphysin, in the CME by combining high-resolution imaging of endocytic events in vivo and characterisation of the purified proteins in vitro. Although DRP2s and SH3P2 arrive similarly late during CME and physically interact, genetic analysis of the Dsh3p1,2,3 triple-mutant and complementation assays with non-SH3P2-interacting DRP2 variants suggests that SH3P2 does not directly recruit DRP2s to the site of endocytosis. These observations imply that despite the presence of many well-conserved endocytic components, plants have acquired a distinct mechanism for CME. One Sentence Summary In contrast to predictions based on mammalian systems, plant Dynamin-related proteins 2 are recruited to the site of Clathrin-mediated endocytosis independently of BAR-SH3 proteins. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc - _id: Bio article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nataliia full_name: Gnyliukh, Nataliia id: 390C1120-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Gnyliukh orcid: 0000-0002-2198-0509 - first_name: Alexander J full_name: Johnson, Alexander J id: 46A62C3A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Johnson orcid: 0000-0002-2739-8843 - first_name: Marie-Kristin full_name: Nagel, Marie-Kristin last_name: Nagel - first_name: Aline full_name: Monzer, Aline id: 2DB5D88C-D7B3-11E9-B8FD-7907E6697425 last_name: Monzer - first_name: Annamaria full_name: Hlavata, Annamaria id: 36062FEC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Hlavata - first_name: Erika full_name: Isono, Erika last_name: Isono - first_name: Martin full_name: Loose, Martin id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Loose orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724 - first_name: Jiří full_name: Friml, Jiří id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Friml orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596 citation: ama: Gnyliukh N, Johnson AJ, Nagel M-K, et al. Role of dynamin-related proteins 2 and SH3P2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants. bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2023.10.09.561523 apa: Gnyliukh, N., Johnson, A. J., Nagel, M.-K., Monzer, A., Hlavata, A., Isono, E., … Friml, J. (n.d.). Role of dynamin-related proteins 2 and SH3P2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.09.561523 chicago: Gnyliukh, Nataliia, Alexander J Johnson, Marie-Kristin Nagel, Aline Monzer, Annamaria Hlavata, Erika Isono, Martin Loose, and Jiří Friml. “Role of Dynamin-Related Proteins 2 and SH3P2 in Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis in Plants.” BioRxiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.09.561523. ieee: N. Gnyliukh et al., “Role of dynamin-related proteins 2 and SH3P2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants,” bioRxiv. . ista: Gnyliukh N, Johnson AJ, Nagel M-K, Monzer A, Hlavata A, Isono E, Loose M, Friml J. Role of dynamin-related proteins 2 and SH3P2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants. bioRxiv, 10.1101/2023.10.09.561523. mla: Gnyliukh, Nataliia, et al. “Role of Dynamin-Related Proteins 2 and SH3P2 in Clathrin-Mediated Endocytosis in Plants.” BioRxiv, doi:10.1101/2023.10.09.561523. short: N. Gnyliukh, A.J. Johnson, M.-K. Nagel, A. Monzer, A. Hlavata, E. Isono, M. Loose, J. Friml, BioRxiv (n.d.). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-11-22T10:17:49Z date_published: 2023-10-10T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-06T22:30:53Z day: '10' department: - _id: JiFr - _id: MaLo - _id: CaBe doi: 10.1101/2023.10.09.561523 ec_funded: 1 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2023.10.09.561523 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint project: - _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '665385' name: International IST Doctoral Program publication: bioRxiv publication_status: draft related_material: record: - id: '15330' relation: later_version status: public - id: '14510' relation: dissertation_contains status: public status: public title: Role of dynamin-related proteins 2 and SH3P2 in clathrin-mediated endocytosis in plants type: preprint user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2023' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '12470' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The brain is an exceptionally sophisticated organ consisting of billions of cells and trillions of \r\nconnections that orchestrate our cognition and behavior. To decode its complex connectivity, it is \r\npivotal to disentangle its intricate architecture spanning from cm-sized circuits down to tens of \r\nnm-small synapses.\r\nTo achieve this goal, I developed CATS – Comprehensive Analysis of nervous Tissue across \r\nScales, a versatile toolbox for obtaining a holistic view of nervous tissue context with (super\x02resolution) fluorescence microscopy. CATS combines comprehensive labeling of the extracellular\r\nspace, that is compatible with chemical fixation, with information on molecular markers, super\x02resolved data acquisition and machine-learning based data analysis for segmentation and synapse \r\nidentification.\r\nI used CATS to analyze key features of nervous tissue connectivity, ranging from whole tissue \r\narchitecture, neuronal in- and output-fields, down to synapse morphology.\r\nFocusing on the hippocampal circuitry, I quantified synaptic transmission properties of mossy \r\nfiber boutons and analyzed the connectivity pattern of dentate gyrus granule cells with CA3 \r\npyramidal neurons. This shows that CATS is a viable tool to study hallmarks of neuronal \r\nconnectivity with light microscopy." acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: LifeSc - _id: PreCl - _id: EM-Fac - _id: M-Shop - _id: ScienComp alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Julia M full_name: Michalska, Julia M id: 443DB6DE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Michalska orcid: 0000-0003-3862-1235 citation: ama: Michalska JM. A versatile toolbox for the comprehensive analysis of nervous tissue organization with light microscopy. 2023. doi:10.15479/at:ista:12470 apa: Michalska, J. M. (2023). A versatile toolbox for the comprehensive analysis of nervous tissue organization with light microscopy. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12470 chicago: Michalska, Julia M. “A Versatile Toolbox for the Comprehensive Analysis of Nervous Tissue Organization with Light Microscopy.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:12470. ieee: J. M. Michalska, “A versatile toolbox for the comprehensive analysis of nervous tissue organization with light microscopy,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. ista: Michalska JM. 2023. A versatile toolbox for the comprehensive analysis of nervous tissue organization with light microscopy. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Michalska, Julia M. A Versatile Toolbox for the Comprehensive Analysis of Nervous Tissue Organization with Light Microscopy. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/at:ista:12470. short: J.M. Michalska, A Versatile Toolbox for the Comprehensive Analysis of Nervous Tissue Organization with Light Microscopy, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-01-31T15:10:53Z date_published: 2023-01-09T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-06T12:50:45Z day: '09' ddc: - '610' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: JoDa doi: 10.15479/at:ista:12470 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 1a2306e5f59f52df598e7ecfadf921ac content_type: application/pdf creator: cchlebak date_created: 2023-01-31T15:11:42Z date_updated: 2023-07-27T22:30:54Z embargo: 2023-07-09 file_id: '12471' file_name: 20230109_PhD_thesis_JM_final.pdf file_size: 41771714 relation: main_file - access_level: closed checksum: 0bebbdee0773443959e1f6ab8caf281f content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: cchlebak date_created: 2023-01-31T15:11:51Z date_updated: 2023-07-10T22:30:04Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '12472' file_name: 20230109_PhD_thesis_JM_final.docx file_size: 66983464 relation: source_file file_date_updated: 2023-07-27T22:30:54Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '201' project: - _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '665385' name: International IST Doctoral Program - _id: 26AA4EF2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: W1232-B24 name: Molecular Drug Targets publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-3-99078-026-8 issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '11943' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '11950' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Johann G full_name: Danzl, Johann G id: 42EFD3B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Danzl orcid: 0000-0001-8559-3973 title: A versatile toolbox for the comprehensive analysis of nervous tissue organization with light microscopy tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2023' ... --- _id: '12521' abstract: - lang: eng text: Differentiated X chromosomes are expected to have higher rates of adaptive divergence than autosomes, if new beneficial mutations are recessive (the “faster-X effect”), largely because these mutations are immediately exposed to selection in males. The evolution of X chromosomes after they stop recombining in males, but before they become hemizygous, has not been well explored theoretically. We use the diffusion approximation to infer substitution rates of beneficial and deleterious mutations under such a scenario. Our results show that selection is less efficient on diploid X loci than on autosomal and hemizygous X loci under a wide range of parameters. This “slower-X” effect is stronger for genes affecting primarily (or only) male fitness, and for sexually antagonistic genes. These unusual dynamics suggest that some of the peculiar features of X chromosomes, such as the differential accumulation of genes with sex-specific functions, may start arising earlier than previously appreciated. acknowledgement: We thank the Vicoso and Barton groups and ISTA Scientific Computing Unit. We also thank two anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments. This work was supported by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreements no. 715257 and no. 716117). article_number: qrac004 article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Andrea full_name: Mrnjavac, Andrea id: 353FAC84-AE61-11E9-8BFC-00D3E5697425 last_name: Mrnjavac - first_name: Kseniia full_name: Khudiakova, Kseniia id: 4E6DC800-AE37-11E9-AC72-31CAE5697425 last_name: Khudiakova orcid: 0000-0002-6246-1465 - first_name: Nicholas H full_name: Barton, Nicholas H id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Barton orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240 - first_name: Beatriz full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Vicoso orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306 citation: ama: 'Mrnjavac A, Khudiakova K, Barton NH, Vicoso B. Slower-X: Reduced efficiency of selection in the early stages of X chromosome evolution. Evolution Letters. 2023;7(1). doi:10.1093/evlett/qrac004' apa: 'Mrnjavac, A., Khudiakova, K., Barton, N. H., & Vicoso, B. (2023). Slower-X: Reduced efficiency of selection in the early stages of X chromosome evolution. Evolution Letters. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/evlett/qrac004' chicago: 'Mrnjavac, Andrea, Kseniia Khudiakova, Nicholas H Barton, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Slower-X: Reduced Efficiency of Selection in the Early Stages of X Chromosome Evolution.” Evolution Letters. Oxford University Press, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1093/evlett/qrac004.' ieee: 'A. Mrnjavac, K. Khudiakova, N. H. Barton, and B. Vicoso, “Slower-X: Reduced efficiency of selection in the early stages of X chromosome evolution,” Evolution Letters, vol. 7, no. 1. Oxford University Press, 2023.' ista: 'Mrnjavac A, Khudiakova K, Barton NH, Vicoso B. 2023. Slower-X: Reduced efficiency of selection in the early stages of X chromosome evolution. Evolution Letters. 7(1), qrac004.' mla: 'Mrnjavac, Andrea, et al. “Slower-X: Reduced Efficiency of Selection in the Early Stages of X Chromosome Evolution.” Evolution Letters, vol. 7, no. 1, qrac004, Oxford University Press, 2023, doi:10.1093/evlett/qrac004.' short: A. Mrnjavac, K. Khudiakova, N.H. Barton, B. Vicoso, Evolution Letters 7 (2023). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-02-06T13:59:12Z date_published: 2023-02-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-06T22:31:05Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: GradSch - _id: BeVi doi: 10.1093/evlett/qrac004 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '001021692200001' pmid: - '37065438' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: a240a041cb9b9b7c8ba93a4706674a3f content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-08-16T11:43:33Z date_updated: 2023-08-16T11:43:33Z file_id: '14068' file_name: 2023_EvLetters_Mrnjavac.pdf file_size: 2592189 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-08-16T11:43:33Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 7' isi: 1 issue: '1' keyword: - Genetics - Ecology - Evolution - Behavior and Systematics language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 256E75B8-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '716117' name: Optimal Transport and Stochastic Dynamics - _id: 250BDE62-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '715257' name: Prevalence and Influence of Sexual Antagonism on Genome Evolution publication: Evolution Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 2056-3744 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '18531' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Slower-X: Reduced efficiency of selection in the early stages of X chromosome evolution' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 7 year: '2023' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '14622' abstract: - lang: eng text: "This Ph.D. thesis presents a detailed investigation into Variational Quantum Algorithms\r\n(VQAs), a promising class of quantum algorithms that are well suited for near-term quantum\r\ncomputation due to their moderate hardware requirements and resilience to noise. Our\r\nprimary focus lies on two particular types of VQAs: the Quantum Approximate Optimization\r\nAlgorithm (QAOA), used for solving binary optimization problems, and the Variational Quantum\r\nEigensolver (VQE), utilized for finding ground states of quantum many-body systems.\r\nIn the first part of the thesis, we examine the issue of effective parameter initialization for\r\nthe QAOA. The work demonstrates that random initialization of the QAOA often leads to\r\nconvergence in local minima with sub-optimal performance. To mitigate this issue, we propose\r\nan initialization of QAOA parameters based on the Trotterized Quantum Annealing (TQA).\r\nWe show that TQA initialization leads to the same performance as the best of an exponentially\r\nscaling number of random initializations.\r\nThe second study introduces Transition States (TS), stationary points with a single direction\r\nof descent, as a tool for systematically exploring the QAOA optimization landscape. This\r\nleads us to propose a novel greedy parameter initialization strategy that guarantees for the\r\nenergy to decrease with increasing number of circuit layers.\r\nIn the third section, we extend the QAOA to qudit systems, which are higher-dimensional\r\ngeneralizations of qubits. This chapter provides theoretical insights and practical strategies for\r\nleveraging the increased computational power of qudits in the context of quantum optimization\r\nalgorithms and suggests a quantum circuit for implementing the algorithm on an ion trap\r\nquantum computer.\r\nFinally, we propose an algorithm to avoid “barren plateaus”, regions in parameter space with\r\nvanishing gradients that obstruct efficient parameter optimization. This novel approach relies\r\non defining a notion of weak barren plateaus based on the entropies of local reduced density\r\nmatrices and showcases how these can be efficiently quantified using shadow tomography.\r\nTo illustrate the approach we employ the strategy in the VQE and show that it allows to\r\nsuccessfully avoid barren plateaus in the initialization and throughout the optimization.\r\nTaken together, this thesis greatly enhances our understanding of parameter initialization and\r\noptimization in VQAs, expands the scope of QAOA to higher-dimensional quantum systems,\r\nand presents a method to address the challenge of barren plateaus using the VQE. These\r\ninsights are instrumental in advancing the field of near-term quantum computation." alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Stefan full_name: Sack, Stefan id: dd622248-f6e0-11ea-865d-ce382a1c81a5 last_name: Sack orcid: 0000-0001-5400-8508 citation: ama: 'Sack S. Improving variational quantum algorithms: Innovative initialization techniques and extensions to qudit systems. 2023. doi:10.15479/at:ista:14622' apa: 'Sack, S. (2023). Improving variational quantum algorithms: Innovative initialization techniques and extensions to qudit systems. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14622' chicago: 'Sack, Stefan. “Improving Variational Quantum Algorithms: Innovative Initialization Techniques and Extensions to Qudit Systems.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14622.' ieee: 'S. Sack, “Improving variational quantum algorithms: Innovative initialization techniques and extensions to qudit systems,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.' ista: 'Sack S. 2023. Improving variational quantum algorithms: Innovative initialization techniques and extensions to qudit systems. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.' mla: 'Sack, Stefan. Improving Variational Quantum Algorithms: Innovative Initialization Techniques and Extensions to Qudit Systems. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023, doi:10.15479/at:ista:14622.' short: 'S. Sack, Improving Variational Quantum Algorithms: Innovative Initialization Techniques and Extensions to Qudit Systems, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2023.' corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-11-28T10:58:13Z date_published: 2023-11-30T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-29T13:17:04Z day: '30' ddc: - '530' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: MaSe doi: 10.15479/at:ista:14622 doi_confirm: '1' ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 068fd3570506ec42b2faa390de784bc4 content_type: application/pdf creator: ssack date_created: 2023-11-30T15:53:10Z date_updated: 2024-11-30T23:30:03Z embargo: 2024-11-30 file_id: '14635' file_name: PhD_Thesis.pdf file_size: 11947523 relation: main_file - access_level: closed checksum: 0fa3bc0d108aed0ac59d2c6beef2220a content_type: application/zip creator: ssack date_created: 2023-11-30T15:54:11Z date_updated: 2024-11-30T23:30:03Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '14636' file_name: PhD Thesis (1).zip file_size: 18422964 relation: source_file file_date_updated: 2024-11-30T23:30:03Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '142' project: - _id: bd660c93-d553-11ed-ba76-fb0fb6f49c0d name: IMB PhD Nomination Fellowship - Stefan Sack - _id: 23841C26-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '850899' name: 'Non-Ergodic Quantum Matter: Universality, Dynamics and Control' publication_identifier: issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '13125' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '11471' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '9760' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Maksym full_name: Serbyn, Maksym id: 47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Serbyn orcid: 0000-0002-2399-5827 title: 'Improving variational quantum algorithms: Innovative initialization techniques and extensions to qudit systems' tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '13125' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The quantum approximate optimization algorithm (QAOA) is a variational quantum algorithm, where a quantum computer implements a variational ansatz consisting of p layers of alternating unitary operators and a classical computer is used to optimize the variational parameters. For a random initialization, the optimization typically leads to local minima with poor performance, motivating the search for initialization strategies of QAOA variational parameters. Although numerous heuristic initializations exist, an analytical understanding and performance guarantees for large p remain evasive.We introduce a greedy initialization of QAOA which guarantees improving performance with an increasing number of layers. Our main result is an analytic construction of 2p + 1 transition states—saddle points with a unique negative curvature direction—for QAOA with p + 1 layers that use the local minimum of QAOA with p layers. Transition states connect to new local minima, which are guaranteed to lower the energy compared to the minimum found for p layers. We use the GREEDY procedure to navigate the exponentially increasing with p number of local minima resulting from the recursive application of our analytic construction. The performance of the GREEDY procedure matches available initialization strategies while providing a guarantee for the minimal energy to decrease with an increasing number of layers p. ' acknowledgement: 'We thank V. Verteletskyi for a joint collaboration on numerical studies of the QAOA during his internship at ISTA that inspired analytic results on TS reported in this work. We acknowledge A. A. Mele and M. Brooks for discussions and D. Egger, P. Love, and D. Wierichs for valuable feedback on the manuscript. S.H.S., R.A.M., and M.S. acknowledge support by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Grant Agreement No. 850899). R.K. is supported by the SFB BeyondC (Grant No. F7107-N38) and the project QuantumReady (FFG 896217). ' article_number: '062404' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Stefan full_name: Sack, Stefan id: dd622248-f6e0-11ea-865d-ce382a1c81a5 last_name: Sack orcid: 0000-0001-5400-8508 - first_name: Raimel A full_name: Medina Ramos, Raimel A id: CE680B90-D85A-11E9-B684-C920E6697425 last_name: Medina Ramos orcid: 0000-0002-5383-2869 - first_name: Richard full_name: Kueng, Richard last_name: Kueng - first_name: Maksym full_name: Serbyn, Maksym id: 47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Serbyn orcid: 0000-0002-2399-5827 citation: ama: Sack S, Medina Ramos RA, Kueng R, Serbyn M. Recursive greedy initialization of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm with guaranteed improvement. Physical Review A. 2023;107(6). doi:10.1103/physreva.107.062404 apa: Sack, S., Medina Ramos, R. A., Kueng, R., & Serbyn, M. (2023). Recursive greedy initialization of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm with guaranteed improvement. Physical Review A. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.107.062404 chicago: Sack, Stefan, Raimel A Medina Ramos, Richard Kueng, and Maksym Serbyn. “Recursive Greedy Initialization of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm with Guaranteed Improvement.” Physical Review A. American Physical Society, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1103/physreva.107.062404. ieee: S. Sack, R. A. Medina Ramos, R. Kueng, and M. Serbyn, “Recursive greedy initialization of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm with guaranteed improvement,” Physical Review A, vol. 107, no. 6. American Physical Society, 2023. ista: Sack S, Medina Ramos RA, Kueng R, Serbyn M. 2023. Recursive greedy initialization of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm with guaranteed improvement. Physical Review A. 107(6), 062404. mla: Sack, Stefan, et al. “Recursive Greedy Initialization of the Quantum Approximate Optimization Algorithm with Guaranteed Improvement.” Physical Review A, vol. 107, no. 6, 062404, American Physical Society, 2023, doi:10.1103/physreva.107.062404. short: S. Sack, R.A. Medina Ramos, R. Kueng, M. Serbyn, Physical Review A 107 (2023). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-06-07T06:57:32Z date_published: 2023-06-02T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-06T22:31:05Z day: '02' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: MaSe doi: 10.1103/physreva.107.062404 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2209.01159' isi: - '001016927100012' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 0d71423888eeccaa60d8f41197f26306 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-06-13T07:28:36Z date_updated: 2023-06-13T07:28:36Z file_id: '13131' file_name: 2023_PhysRevA_Sack.pdf file_size: 2524611 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-06-13T07:28:36Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 107' isi: 1 issue: '6' language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 23841C26-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '850899' name: 'Non-Ergodic Quantum Matter: Universality, Dynamics and Control' publication: Physical Review A publication_identifier: eissn: - 2469-9934 issn: - 2469-9926 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '17208' relation: dissertation_contains status: public - id: '14622' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Recursive greedy initialization of the quantum approximate optimization algorithm with guaranteed improvement tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 107 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '13117' abstract: - lang: eng text: The ability to control the direction of scattered light is crucial to provide flexibility and scalability for a wide range of on-chip applications, such as integrated photonics, quantum information processing, and nonlinear optics. Tunable directionality can be achieved by applying external magnetic fields that modify optical selection rules, by using nonlinear effects, or interactions with vibrations. However, these approaches are less suitable to control microwave photon propagation inside integrated superconducting quantum devices. Here, we demonstrate on-demand tunable directional scattering based on two periodically modulated transmon qubits coupled to a transmission line at a fixed distance. By changing the relative phase between the modulation tones, we realize unidirectional forward or backward photon scattering. Such an in-situ switchable mirror represents a versatile tool for intra- and inter-chip microwave photonic processors. In the future, a lattice of qubits can be used to realize topological circuits that exhibit strong nonreciprocity or chirality. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: M-Shop - _id: NanoFab acknowledgement: The authors thank W.D. Oliver for discussions, L. Drmic and P. Zielinski for software development, and the MIBA workshop and the IST nanofabrication facility for technical support. This work was supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) through BeyondC (F7105) and IST Austria. E.R. is the recipient of a DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at IST Austria. J.M.F. and M.Z. acknowledge support from the European Research Council under grant agreement No 758053 (ERC StG QUNNECT) and a NOMIS foundation research grant. The work of A.N.P. and A.V.P. has been supported by the Russian Science Foundation under the grant No 20-12-00194. article_number: '2998' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Elena full_name: Redchenko, Elena id: 2C21D6E8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Redchenko - first_name: Alexander V. full_name: Poshakinskiy, Alexander V. last_name: Poshakinskiy - first_name: Riya full_name: Sett, Riya id: 2E6D040E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sett orcid: 0000-0001-7641-8348 - first_name: Martin full_name: Zemlicka, Martin id: 2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Zemlicka orcid: 0009-0005-0878-3032 - first_name: Alexander N. full_name: Poddubny, Alexander N. last_name: Poddubny - first_name: Johannes M full_name: Fink, Johannes M id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Fink orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X citation: ama: Redchenko E, Poshakinskiy AV, Sett R, Zemlicka M, Poddubny AN, Fink JM. Tunable directional photon scattering from a pair of superconducting qubits. Nature Communications. 2023;14. doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38761-6 apa: Redchenko, E., Poshakinskiy, A. V., Sett, R., Zemlicka, M., Poddubny, A. N., & Fink, J. M. (2023). Tunable directional photon scattering from a pair of superconducting qubits. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38761-6 chicago: Redchenko, Elena, Alexander V. Poshakinskiy, Riya Sett, Martin Zemlicka, Alexander N. Poddubny, and Johannes M Fink. “Tunable Directional Photon Scattering from a Pair of Superconducting Qubits.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-023-38761-6. ieee: E. Redchenko, A. V. Poshakinskiy, R. Sett, M. Zemlicka, A. N. Poddubny, and J. M. Fink, “Tunable directional photon scattering from a pair of superconducting qubits,” Nature Communications, vol. 14. Springer Nature, 2023. ista: Redchenko E, Poshakinskiy AV, Sett R, Zemlicka M, Poddubny AN, Fink JM. 2023. Tunable directional photon scattering from a pair of superconducting qubits. Nature Communications. 14, 2998. mla: Redchenko, Elena, et al. “Tunable Directional Photon Scattering from a Pair of Superconducting Qubits.” Nature Communications, vol. 14, 2998, Springer Nature, 2023, doi:10.1038/s41467-023-38761-6. short: E. Redchenko, A.V. Poshakinskiy, R. Sett, M. Zemlicka, A.N. Poddubny, J.M. Fink, Nature Communications 14 (2023). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-06-04T22:01:02Z date_published: 2023-05-24T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-06T22:31:09Z day: '24' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: JoFi doi: 10.1038/s41467-023-38761-6 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2205.03293' isi: - '001001099700002' pmid: - '37225689' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: a857df40f0882859c48a1ff1e2001ec2 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-06-06T07:31:20Z date_updated: 2023-06-06T07:31:20Z file_id: '13123' file_name: 2023_NaturePhysics_Redchenko.pdf file_size: 1654389 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-06-06T07:31:20Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 14' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '758053' name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits - _id: 26B354CA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 name: Controllable Collective States of Superconducting Qubit Ensembles - _id: eb9b30ac-77a9-11ec-83b8-871f581d53d2 name: Protected states of quantum matter - _id: bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f grant_number: F07105 name: QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration of Superconducting Quantum Circuits publication: Nature Communications publication_identifier: eissn: - 2041-1723 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '13124' relation: research_data status: public - id: '19533' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Tunable directional photon scattering from a pair of superconducting qubits tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 14 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '13310' abstract: - lang: eng text: Machine-learned systems are in widespread use for making decisions about humans, and it is important that they are fair, i.e., not biased against individuals based on sensitive attributes. We present runtime verification of algorithmic fairness for systems whose models are unknown, but are assumed to have a Markov chain structure. We introduce a specification language that can model many common algorithmic fairness properties, such as demographic parity, equal opportunity, and social burden. We build monitors that observe a long sequence of events as generated by a given system, and output, after each observation, a quantitative estimate of how fair or biased the system was on that run until that point in time. The estimate is proven to be correct modulo a variable error bound and a given confidence level, where the error bound gets tighter as the observed sequence gets longer. Our monitors are of two types, and use, respectively, frequentist and Bayesian statistical inference techniques. While the frequentist monitors compute estimates that are objectively correct with respect to the ground truth, the Bayesian monitors compute estimates that are correct subject to a given prior belief about the system’s model. Using a prototype implementation, we show how we can monitor if a bank is fair in giving loans to applicants from different social backgrounds, and if a college is fair in admitting students while maintaining a reasonable financial burden on the society. Although they exhibit different theoretical complexities in certain cases, in our experiments, both frequentist and Bayesian monitors took less than a millisecond to update their verdicts after each observation. acknowledgement: 'This work is supported by the European Research Council under Grant No.: ERC-2020-AdG101020093.' alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Mahyar full_name: Karimi, Mahyar id: 6e5417ba-5355-11ee-ae5a-94c2e510b26b last_name: Karimi orcid: 0009-0005-0820-1696 - first_name: Konstantin full_name: Kueffner, Konstantin id: 8121a2d0-dc85-11ea-9058-af578f3b4515 last_name: Kueffner orcid: 0000-0001-8974-2542 - first_name: Kaushik full_name: Mallik, Kaushik id: 0834ff3c-6d72-11ec-94e0-b5b0a4fb8598 last_name: Mallik orcid: 0000-0001-9864-7475 citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Karimi M, Kueffner K, Mallik K. Monitoring algorithmic fairness. In: Computer Aided Verification. Vol 13965. Springer Nature; 2023:358–382. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-37703-7_17' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Karimi, M., Kueffner, K., & Mallik, K. (2023). Monitoring algorithmic fairness. In Computer Aided Verification (Vol. 13965, pp. 358–382). Paris, France: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37703-7_17' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Mahyar Karimi, Konstantin Kueffner, and Kaushik Mallik. “Monitoring Algorithmic Fairness.” In Computer Aided Verification, 13965:358–382. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-37703-7_17. ieee: T. A. Henzinger, M. Karimi, K. Kueffner, and K. Mallik, “Monitoring algorithmic fairness,” in Computer Aided Verification, Paris, France, 2023, vol. 13965, pp. 358–382. ista: 'Henzinger TA, Karimi M, Kueffner K, Mallik K. 2023. Monitoring algorithmic fairness. Computer Aided Verification. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 13965, 358–382.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Monitoring Algorithmic Fairness.” Computer Aided Verification, vol. 13965, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 358–382, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-37703-7_17. short: T.A. Henzinger, M. Karimi, K. Kueffner, K. Mallik, in:, Computer Aided Verification, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 358–382. conference: end_date: 2023-07-22 location: Paris, France name: 'CAV: Computer Aided Verification' start_date: 2023-07-17 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-07-25T18:32:40Z date_published: 2023-07-18T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T14:06:37Z day: '18' ddc: - '000' department: - _id: GradSch - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-37703-7_17 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2305.15979' isi: - '001310804800017' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: ccaf94bf7d658ba012c016e11869b54c content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-07-31T08:11:20Z date_updated: 2023-07-31T08:11:20Z file_id: '13327' file_name: 2023_LNCS_CAV_HenzingerT.pdf file_size: 647760 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-07-31T08:11:20Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 13965' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 358–382 project: - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software publication: Computer Aided Verification publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783031377037' eissn: - 1611-3349 isbn: - '9783031377020' issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '22808' relation: dissertation_contains status: for_moderation scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Monitoring algorithmic fairness tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 13965 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '13228' abstract: - lang: eng text: A machine-learned system that is fair in static decision-making tasks may have biased societal impacts in the long-run. This may happen when the system interacts with humans and feedback patterns emerge, reinforcing old biases in the system and creating new biases. While existing works try to identify and mitigate long-run biases through smart system design, we introduce techniques for monitoring fairness in real time. Our goal is to build and deploy a monitor that will continuously observe a long sequence of events generated by the system in the wild, and will output, with each event, a verdict on how fair the system is at the current point in time. The advantages of monitoring are two-fold. Firstly, fairness is evaluated at run-time, which is important because unfair behaviors may not be eliminated a priori, at design-time, due to partial knowledge about the system and the environment, as well as uncertainties and dynamic changes in the system and the environment, such as the unpredictability of human behavior. Secondly, monitors are by design oblivious to how the monitored system is constructed, which makes them suitable to be used as trusted third-party fairness watchdogs. They function as computationally lightweight statistical estimators, and their correctness proofs rely on the rigorous analysis of the stochastic process that models the assumptions about the underlying dynamics of the system. We show, both in theory and experiments, how monitors can warn us (1) if a bank’s credit policy over time has created an unfair distribution of credit scores among the population, and (2) if a resource allocator’s allocation policy over time has made unfair allocations. Our experiments demonstrate that the monitors introduce very low overhead. We believe that runtime monitoring is an important and mathematically rigorous new addition to the fairness toolbox. acknowledgement: 'The authors would like to thank the anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and helpful suggestions. This work is supported by the European Research Council under Grant No.: ERC-2020-AdG 101020093.' article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Mahyar full_name: Karimi, Mahyar id: 6e5417ba-5355-11ee-ae5a-94c2e510b26b last_name: Karimi orcid: 0009-0005-0820-1696 - first_name: Konstantin full_name: Kueffner, Konstantin id: 8121a2d0-dc85-11ea-9058-af578f3b4515 last_name: Kueffner orcid: 0000-0001-8974-2542 - first_name: Kaushik full_name: Mallik, Kaushik id: 0834ff3c-6d72-11ec-94e0-b5b0a4fb8598 last_name: Mallik orcid: 0000-0001-9864-7475 citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Karimi M, Kueffner K, Mallik K. Runtime monitoring of dynamic fairness properties. In: FAccT ’23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. Association for Computing Machinery; 2023:604-614. doi:10.1145/3593013.3594028' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Karimi, M., Kueffner, K., & Mallik, K. (2023). Runtime monitoring of dynamic fairness properties. In FAccT ’23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency (pp. 604–614). Chicago, IL, United States: Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3593013.3594028' chicago: 'Henzinger, Thomas A, Mahyar Karimi, Konstantin Kueffner, and Kaushik Mallik. “Runtime Monitoring of Dynamic Fairness Properties.” In FAccT ’23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, 604–14. Association for Computing Machinery, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1145/3593013.3594028.' ieee: 'T. A. Henzinger, M. Karimi, K. Kueffner, and K. Mallik, “Runtime monitoring of dynamic fairness properties,” in FAccT ’23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, Chicago, IL, United States, 2023, pp. 604–614.' ista: 'Henzinger TA, Karimi M, Kueffner K, Mallik K. 2023. Runtime monitoring of dynamic fairness properties. FAccT ’23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency. FAccT: Conference on Fairness, Accountability and Transparency, 604–614.' mla: 'Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Runtime Monitoring of Dynamic Fairness Properties.” FAccT ’23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, Association for Computing Machinery, 2023, pp. 604–14, doi:10.1145/3593013.3594028.' short: 'T.A. Henzinger, M. Karimi, K. Kueffner, K. Mallik, in:, FAccT ’23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency, Association for Computing Machinery, 2023, pp. 604–614.' conference: end_date: 2023-06-15 location: Chicago, IL, United States name: 'FAccT: Conference on Fairness, Accountability and Transparency' start_date: 2023-06-12 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-07-16T22:01:09Z date_published: 2023-06-12T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T14:06:37Z day: '12' ddc: - '000' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1145/3593013.3594028 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2305.04699' isi: - '001062819300057' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 96c759db9cdf94b81e37871a66a6ff48 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2023-07-18T07:43:10Z date_updated: 2023-07-18T07:43:10Z file_id: '13245' file_name: 2023_ACM_HenzingerT.pdf file_size: 4100596 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2023-07-18T07:43:10Z has_accepted_license: '1' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 604-614 project: - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software publication: 'FAccT ''23: Proceedings of the 2023 ACM Conference on Fairness, Accountability, and Transparency' publication_identifier: isbn: - '9781450372527' publication_status: published publisher: Association for Computing Machinery quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '22808' relation: dissertation_contains status: for_moderation scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Runtime monitoring of dynamic fairness properties tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14454' abstract: - lang: eng text: As AI and machine-learned software are used increasingly for making decisions that affect humans, it is imperative that they remain fair and unbiased in their decisions. To complement design-time bias mitigation measures, runtime verification techniques have been introduced recently to monitor the algorithmic fairness of deployed systems. Previous monitoring techniques assume full observability of the states of the (unknown) monitored system. Moreover, they can monitor only fairness properties that are specified as arithmetic expressions over the probabilities of different events. In this work, we extend fairness monitoring to systems modeled as partially observed Markov chains (POMC), and to specifications containing arithmetic expressions over the expected values of numerical functions on event sequences. The only assumptions we make are that the underlying POMC is aperiodic and starts in the stationary distribution, with a bound on its mixing time being known. These assumptions enable us to estimate a given property for the entire distribution of possible executions of the monitored POMC, by observing only a single execution. Our monitors observe a long run of the system and, after each new observation, output updated PAC-estimates of how fair or biased the system is. The monitors are computationally lightweight and, using a prototype implementation, we demonstrate their effectiveness on several real-world examples. acknowledgement: 'This work is supported by the European Research Council under Grant No.: ERC-2020-AdG 101020093.' alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Konstantin full_name: Kueffner, Konstantin id: 8121a2d0-dc85-11ea-9058-af578f3b4515 last_name: Kueffner orcid: 0000-0001-8974-2542 - first_name: Kaushik full_name: Mallik, Kaushik id: 0834ff3c-6d72-11ec-94e0-b5b0a4fb8598 last_name: Mallik orcid: 0000-0001-9864-7475 citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Kueffner K, Mallik K. Monitoring algorithmic fairness under partial observations. In: 23rd International Conference on Runtime Verification. Vol 14245. Springer Nature; 2023:291-311. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44267-4_15' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Kueffner, K., & Mallik, K. (2023). Monitoring algorithmic fairness under partial observations. In 23rd International Conference on Runtime Verification (Vol. 14245, pp. 291–311). Thessaloniki, Greece: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44267-4_15' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Konstantin Kueffner, and Kaushik Mallik. “Monitoring Algorithmic Fairness under Partial Observations.” In 23rd International Conference on Runtime Verification, 14245:291–311. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-44267-4_15. ieee: T. A. Henzinger, K. Kueffner, and K. Mallik, “Monitoring algorithmic fairness under partial observations,” in 23rd International Conference on Runtime Verification, Thessaloniki, Greece, 2023, vol. 14245, pp. 291–311. ista: 'Henzinger TA, Kueffner K, Mallik K. 2023. Monitoring algorithmic fairness under partial observations. 23rd International Conference on Runtime Verification. RV: Conference on Runtime Verification, LNCS, vol. 14245, 291–311.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Monitoring Algorithmic Fairness under Partial Observations.” 23rd International Conference on Runtime Verification, vol. 14245, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 291–311, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-44267-4_15. short: T.A. Henzinger, K. Kueffner, K. Mallik, in:, 23rd International Conference on Runtime Verification, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 291–311. conference: end_date: 2023-10-06 location: Thessaloniki, Greece name: 'RV: Conference on Runtime Verification' start_date: 2023-10-03 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-10-29T23:01:15Z date_published: 2023-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T14:06:37Z day: '01' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-44267-4_15 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2308.00341' intvolume: ' 14245' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2308.00341 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 291-311 project: - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software publication: 23rd International Conference on Runtime Verification publication_identifier: eissn: - 1611-3349 isbn: - '9783031442667' issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '22808' relation: dissertation_contains status: for_moderation scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Monitoring algorithmic fairness under partial observations type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 14245 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14692' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The generic-group model (GGM) aims to capture algorithms working over groups of prime order that only rely on the group operation, but do not exploit any additional structure given by the concrete implementation of the group. In it, it is possible to prove information-theoretic lower bounds on the hardness of problems like the discrete logarithm (DL) or computational Diffie-Hellman (CDH). Thus, since its introduction, it has served as a valuable tool to assess the concrete security provided by cryptographic schemes based on such problems. A work on the related algebraic-group model (AGM) introduced a method, used by many subsequent works, to adapt GGM lower bounds for one problem to another, by means of conceptually simple reductions.\r\nIn this work, we propose an alternative approach to extend GGM bounds from one problem to another. Following an idea by Yun [EC15], we show that, in the GGM, the security of a large class of problems can be reduced to that of geometric search-problems. By reducing the security of the resulting geometric-search problems to variants of the search-by-hypersurface problem, for which information theoretic lower bounds exist, we give alternative proofs of several results that used the AGM approach.\r\nThe main advantage of our approach is that our reduction from geometric search-problems works, as well, for the GGM with preprocessing (more precisely the bit-fixing GGM introduced by Coretti, Dodis and Guo [Crypto18]). As a consequence, this opens up the possibility of transferring preprocessing GGM bounds from one problem to another, also by means of simple reductions. Concretely, we prove novel preprocessing bounds on the hardness of the d-strong discrete logarithm, the d-strong Diffie-Hellman inversion, and multi-instance CDH problems, as well as a large class of Uber assumptions. Additionally, our approach applies to Shoup’s GGM without additional restrictions on the query behavior of the adversary, while the recent works of Zhang, Zhou, and Katz [AC22] and Zhandry [Crypto22] highlight that this is not the case for the AGM approach." alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Benedikt full_name: Auerbach, Benedikt id: D33D2B18-E445-11E9-ABB7-15F4E5697425 last_name: Auerbach orcid: 0000-0002-7553-6606 - first_name: Charlotte full_name: Hoffmann, Charlotte id: 0f78d746-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-83f92091afe7 last_name: Hoffmann orcid: 0000-0003-2027-5549 - first_name: Guillermo full_name: Pascual Perez, Guillermo id: 2D7ABD02-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pascual Perez orcid: 0000-0001-8630-415X citation: ama: 'Auerbach B, Hoffmann C, Pascual Perez G. Generic-group lower bounds via reductions between geometric-search problems: With and without preprocessing. In: 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography. Vol 14371. Springer Nature; 2023:301-330. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_11' apa: 'Auerbach, B., Hoffmann, C., & Pascual Perez, G. (2023). Generic-group lower bounds via reductions between geometric-search problems: With and without preprocessing. In 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography (Vol. 14371, pp. 301–330). Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_11' chicago: 'Auerbach, Benedikt, Charlotte Hoffmann, and Guillermo Pascual Perez. “Generic-Group Lower Bounds via Reductions between Geometric-Search Problems: With and without Preprocessing.” In 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, 14371:301–30. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_11.' ieee: 'B. Auerbach, C. Hoffmann, and G. Pascual Perez, “Generic-group lower bounds via reductions between geometric-search problems: With and without preprocessing,” in 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, 2023, vol. 14371, pp. 301–330.' ista: 'Auerbach B, Hoffmann C, Pascual Perez G. 2023. Generic-group lower bounds via reductions between geometric-search problems: With and without preprocessing. 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography. , LNCS, vol. 14371, 301–330.' mla: 'Auerbach, Benedikt, et al. “Generic-Group Lower Bounds via Reductions between Geometric-Search Problems: With and without Preprocessing.” 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, vol. 14371, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 301–30, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_11.' short: B. Auerbach, C. Hoffmann, G. Pascual Perez, in:, 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 301–330. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-12-17T23:00:54Z date_published: 2023-11-27T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T11:37:53Z day: '27' department: - _id: KrPi doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_11 external_id: isi: - '001160724400011' intvolume: ' 14371' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/808 month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 301-330 publication: 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography publication_identifier: eissn: - 1611-3349 isbn: - '9783031486203' issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'Generic-group lower bounds via reductions between geometric-search problems: With and without preprocessing' type: conference user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345 volume: 14371 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '14691' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Continuous Group-Key Agreement (CGKA) allows a group of users to maintain a shared key. It is the fundamental cryptographic primitive underlying group messaging schemes and related protocols, most notably TreeKEM, the underlying key agreement protocol of the Messaging Layer Security (MLS) protocol, a standard for group messaging by the IETF. CKGA works in an asynchronous setting where parties only occasionally must come online, and their messages are relayed by an untrusted server. The most expensive operation provided by CKGA is that which allows for a user to refresh their key material in order to achieve forward secrecy (old messages are secure when a user is compromised) and post-compromise security (users can heal from compromise). One caveat of early CGKA protocols is that these update operations had to be performed sequentially, with any user wanting to update their key material having had to receive and process all previous updates. Late versions of TreeKEM do allow for concurrent updates at the cost of a communication overhead per update message that is linear in the number of updating parties. This was shown to be indeed necessary when achieving PCS in just two rounds of communication by [Bienstock et al. TCC’20].\r\nThe recently proposed protocol CoCoA [Alwen et al. Eurocrypt’22], however, shows that this overhead can be reduced if PCS requirements are relaxed, and only a logarithmic number of rounds is required. The natural question, thus, is whether CoCoA is optimal in this setting.\r\nIn this work we answer this question, providing a lower bound on the cost (concretely, the amount of data to be uploaded to the server) for CGKA protocols that heal in an arbitrary k number of rounds, that shows that CoCoA is very close to optimal. Additionally, we extend CoCoA to heal in an arbitrary number of rounds, and propose a modification of it, with a reduced communication cost for certain k.\r\nWe prove our bound in a combinatorial setting where the state of the protocol progresses in rounds, and the state of the protocol in each round is captured by a set system, each set specifying a set of users who share a secret key. We show this combinatorial model is equivalent to a symbolic model capturing building blocks including PRFs and public-key encryption, related to the one used by Bienstock et al.\r\nOur lower bound is of order k•n1+1/(k-1)/log(k), where 2≤k≤log(n) is the number of updates per user the protocol requires to heal. This generalizes the n2 bound for k=2 from Bienstock et al.. This bound almost matches the k⋅n1+2/(k-1) or k2⋅n1+1/(k-1) efficiency we get for the variants of the CoCoA protocol also introduced in this paper." alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Benedikt full_name: Auerbach, Benedikt id: D33D2B18-E445-11E9-ABB7-15F4E5697425 last_name: Auerbach orcid: 0000-0002-7553-6606 - first_name: Miguel full_name: Cueto Noval, Miguel id: ffc563a3-f6e0-11ea-865d-e3cce03d17cc last_name: Cueto Noval orcid: 0000-0002-2505-4246 - first_name: Guillermo full_name: Pascual Perez, Guillermo id: 2D7ABD02-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pascual Perez orcid: 0000-0001-8630-415X - first_name: Krzysztof Z full_name: Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z id: 3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pietrzak orcid: 0000-0002-9139-1654 citation: ama: 'Auerbach B, Cueto Noval M, Pascual Perez G, Pietrzak KZ. On the cost of post-compromise security in concurrent Continuous Group-Key Agreement. In: 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography. Vol 14371. Springer Nature; 2023:271-300. doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_10' apa: 'Auerbach, B., Cueto Noval, M., Pascual Perez, G., & Pietrzak, K. Z. (2023). On the cost of post-compromise security in concurrent Continuous Group-Key Agreement. In 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography (Vol. 14371, pp. 271–300). Taipei, Taiwan: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_10' chicago: Auerbach, Benedikt, Miguel Cueto Noval, Guillermo Pascual Perez, and Krzysztof Z Pietrzak. “On the Cost of Post-Compromise Security in Concurrent Continuous Group-Key Agreement.” In 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, 14371:271–300. Springer Nature, 2023. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_10. ieee: B. Auerbach, M. Cueto Noval, G. Pascual Perez, and K. Z. Pietrzak, “On the cost of post-compromise security in concurrent Continuous Group-Key Agreement,” in 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, Taipei, Taiwan, 2023, vol. 14371, pp. 271–300. ista: 'Auerbach B, Cueto Noval M, Pascual Perez G, Pietrzak KZ. 2023. On the cost of post-compromise security in concurrent Continuous Group-Key Agreement. 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography. TCC: Theory of Cryptography, LNCS, vol. 14371, 271–300.' mla: Auerbach, Benedikt, et al. “On the Cost of Post-Compromise Security in Concurrent Continuous Group-Key Agreement.” 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, vol. 14371, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 271–300, doi:10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_10. short: B. Auerbach, M. Cueto Noval, G. Pascual Perez, K.Z. Pietrzak, in:, 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography, Springer Nature, 2023, pp. 271–300. conference: end_date: 2023-12-02 location: Taipei, Taiwan name: 'TCC: Theory of Cryptography' start_date: 2023-11-29 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2023-12-17T23:00:53Z date_published: 2023-11-27T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T11:37:56Z day: '27' department: - _id: KrPi doi: 10.1007/978-3-031-48621-0_10 external_id: isi: - '001160724400010' intvolume: ' 14371' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://eprint.iacr.org/2023/1123 month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 271-300 publication: 21st International Conference on Theory of Cryptography publication_identifier: eissn: - 1611-3349 isbn: - '9783031486203' issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '22664' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: On the cost of post-compromise security in concurrent Continuous Group-Key Agreement type: conference user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345 volume: 14371 year: '2023' ... --- _id: '10818' abstract: - lang: eng text: Microglia cells are active players in regulating synaptic development and plasticity in the brain. However, how they influence the normal functioning of synapses is largely unknown. In this study, we characterized the effects of pharmacological microglia depletion, achieved by administration of PLX5622, on hippocampal CA3-CA1 synapses of adult wild type mice. Following microglial depletion, we observed a reduction of spontaneous and evoked glutamatergic activity associated with a decrease of dendritic spine density. We also observed the appearance of immature synaptic features and higher levels of plasticity. Microglia depleted mice showed a deficit in the acquisition of the Novel Object Recognition task. These events were accompanied by hippocampal astrogliosis, although in the absence ofneuroinflammatory condition. PLX-induced synaptic changes were absent in Cx3cr1−/− mice, highlighting the role of CX3CL1/CX3CR1 axis in microglia control of synaptic functioning. Remarkably, microglia repopulation after PLX5622 withdrawal was associated with the recovery of hippocampal synapses and learning functions. Altogether, these data demonstrate that microglia contribute to normal synaptic functioning in the adult brain and that their removal induces reversible changes in organization and activity of glutamatergic synapses. acknowledgement: The work was supported by a grant from MIUR (PRIN 2017HPTFFC_003) to Davide Ragozzino and in part by funds to Silvia Di Angelantonio (CrestOptics-IIT JointLab for Advanced Microscopy) and Daniele Caprioli (Istituto Pasteur-Fondazione Cenci Bolognetti). Bernadette Basilico, and Laura Ferrucci were supported by the PhD program in Clinical-Experimental Neuroscience and Psychiatry, Sapienza University, Rome; Caterina Sanchini was supported by the PhD program in Life Science, Sapienza University, Rome and by the Italian Institute of Technology, Rome. The authors thank Alessandro Felici, Claudia Valeri, Arsenio Armagno, and Senthilkumar Deivasigamani for help with animal husbandry and transgenic colonies management. They also wish to thank Piotr Bregestovski and Michal Schwartz for helpful discussions and criticism. PLX5622 was provided under Materials Transfer Agreement by Plexxikon Inc. (Berkeley, CA). Open Access Funding provided by Universita degli Studi di Roma La Sapienza within the CRUI-CARE Agreement. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Bernadette full_name: Basilico, Bernadette id: 36035796-5ACA-11E9-A75E-7AF2E5697425 last_name: Basilico orcid: 0000-0003-1843-3173 - first_name: Laura full_name: Ferrucci, Laura last_name: Ferrucci - first_name: Patrizia full_name: Ratano, Patrizia last_name: Ratano - first_name: Maria T. full_name: Golia, Maria T. last_name: Golia - first_name: Alfonso full_name: Grimaldi, Alfonso last_name: Grimaldi - first_name: Maria full_name: Rosito, Maria last_name: Rosito - first_name: Valentina full_name: Ferretti, Valentina last_name: Ferretti - first_name: Ingrid full_name: Reverte, Ingrid last_name: Reverte - first_name: Caterina full_name: Sanchini, Caterina last_name: Sanchini - first_name: Maria C. full_name: Marrone, Maria C. last_name: Marrone - first_name: Maria full_name: Giubettini, Maria last_name: Giubettini - first_name: Valeria full_name: De Turris, Valeria last_name: De Turris - first_name: Debora full_name: Salerno, Debora last_name: Salerno - first_name: Stefano full_name: Garofalo, Stefano last_name: Garofalo - first_name: Marie‐Kim full_name: St‐Pierre, Marie‐Kim last_name: St‐Pierre - first_name: Micael full_name: Carrier, Micael last_name: Carrier - first_name: Massimiliano full_name: Renzi, Massimiliano last_name: Renzi - first_name: Francesca full_name: Pagani, Francesca last_name: Pagani - first_name: Brijesh full_name: Modi, Brijesh last_name: Modi - first_name: Marcello full_name: Raspa, Marcello last_name: Raspa - first_name: Ferdinando full_name: Scavizzi, Ferdinando last_name: Scavizzi - first_name: Cornelius T. full_name: Gross, Cornelius T. last_name: Gross - first_name: Silvia full_name: Marinelli, Silvia last_name: Marinelli - first_name: Marie‐Ève full_name: Tremblay, Marie‐Ève last_name: Tremblay - first_name: Daniele full_name: Caprioli, Daniele last_name: Caprioli - first_name: Laura full_name: Maggi, Laura last_name: Maggi - first_name: Cristina full_name: Limatola, Cristina last_name: Limatola - first_name: Silvia full_name: Di Angelantonio, Silvia last_name: Di Angelantonio - first_name: Davide full_name: Ragozzino, Davide last_name: Ragozzino citation: ama: Basilico B, Ferrucci L, Ratano P, et al. Microglia control glutamatergic synapses in the adult mouse hippocampus. Glia. 2022;70(1):173-195. doi:10.1002/glia.24101 apa: Basilico, B., Ferrucci, L., Ratano, P., Golia, M. T., Grimaldi, A., Rosito, M., … Ragozzino, D. (2022). Microglia control glutamatergic synapses in the adult mouse hippocampus. Glia. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.24101 chicago: Basilico, Bernadette, Laura Ferrucci, Patrizia Ratano, Maria T. Golia, Alfonso Grimaldi, Maria Rosito, Valentina Ferretti, et al. “Microglia Control Glutamatergic Synapses in the Adult Mouse Hippocampus.” Glia. Wiley, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1002/glia.24101. ieee: B. Basilico et al., “Microglia control glutamatergic synapses in the adult mouse hippocampus,” Glia, vol. 70, no. 1. Wiley, pp. 173–195, 2022. ista: Basilico B, Ferrucci L, Ratano P, Golia MT, Grimaldi A, Rosito M, Ferretti V, Reverte I, Sanchini C, Marrone MC, Giubettini M, De Turris V, Salerno D, Garofalo S, St‐Pierre M, Carrier M, Renzi M, Pagani F, Modi B, Raspa M, Scavizzi F, Gross CT, Marinelli S, Tremblay M, Caprioli D, Maggi L, Limatola C, Di Angelantonio S, Ragozzino D. 2022. Microglia control glutamatergic synapses in the adult mouse hippocampus. Glia. 70(1), 173–195. mla: Basilico, Bernadette, et al. “Microglia Control Glutamatergic Synapses in the Adult Mouse Hippocampus.” Glia, vol. 70, no. 1, Wiley, 2022, pp. 173–95, doi:10.1002/glia.24101. short: B. Basilico, L. Ferrucci, P. Ratano, M.T. Golia, A. Grimaldi, M. Rosito, V. Ferretti, I. Reverte, C. Sanchini, M.C. Marrone, M. Giubettini, V. De Turris, D. Salerno, S. Garofalo, M. St‐Pierre, M. Carrier, M. Renzi, F. Pagani, B. Modi, M. Raspa, F. Scavizzi, C.T. Gross, S. Marinelli, M. Tremblay, D. Caprioli, L. Maggi, C. Limatola, S. Di Angelantonio, D. Ragozzino, Glia 70 (2022) 173–195. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2022-03-04T08:53:37Z date_published: 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2024-10-09T21:04:02Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: GaNo doi: 10.1002/glia.24101 external_id: isi: - '000708025800001' pmid: - '34661306' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: f10a897290e66c0a062e04ba91db6c17 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2022-03-04T08:55:27Z date_updated: 2022-03-04T08:55:27Z file_id: '10819' file_name: 2021_Glia_Basilico.pdf file_size: 5340294 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2022-03-04T08:55:27Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 70' isi: 1 issue: '1' keyword: - Cellular and Molecular Neuroscience - Neurology language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/ month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 173-195 pmid: 1 publication: Glia publication_identifier: eissn: - 1098-1136 issn: - 0894-1491 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Microglia control glutamatergic synapses in the adult mouse hippocampus tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0) short: CC BY-NC (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1 volume: 70 year: '2022' ... --- OA_type: closed access _id: '10820' abstract: - lang: eng text: Streaky structures in the boundary layers are often generated by surface roughness elements and/or free-stream turbulence, and are known to have significant effects on boundary-layer instability. In this paper, we investigate the impact of two forms of streaks on the instability of supersonic boundary layers. The first concerns the streaks generated by an array of spanwise periodic and streamwise elongated surface roughness elements, and our interest is how these streaks influence the lower-branch viscous first modes, whose characteristic wavelength and frequency are on the classical triple-deck scales. By adapting the triple-deck theory in the incompressible regime to the supersonic one, we first derived a simplified system which allows for efficient calculation of the streaks. The asymptotic analysis simplifies a bi-global eigenvalue problem to a one-dimensional problem in the spanwise direction, showing that the instability is controlled at leading order solely by the spanwise-dependent wall shear. In the fundamental configuration, the streaks stabilize first modes at low frequencies but destabilize the high-frequency ones. In the subharmonic configuration, the streaks generally destabilize the first mode across the entire frequency band. Importantly, the spanwise even modes are of radiating nature, i.e. they emit acoustic waves spontaneously to the far field. Streaks of the second form are generated by low-frequency vortical disturbances representing free-stream turbulence. They alter the flow in the entire layer and their effects on instability are investigated by solving the inviscid bi-global eigenvalue problem. Different from the incompressible case, a multitude of compressible instability modes exists, of which the dominant mode is an inviscid instability associated with the spanwise shear. In addition, there exists a separate branch of instability modes that have smaller growth rates but are spontaneously radiating. acknowledgement: The work is supported by the National Key Research and Development Program of China (No. 2016YFA0401200), the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Grant Nos. 91952202 and 11402167). alternative_title: - IUTAM article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Jianxin full_name: Liu, Jianxin last_name: Liu - first_name: Elena full_name: Marensi, Elena id: 0BE7553A-1004-11EA-B805-18983DDC885E last_name: Marensi orcid: 0000-0001-7173-4923 - first_name: Xuesong full_name: Wu, Xuesong last_name: Wu citation: ama: 'Liu J, Marensi E, Wu X. Effects of streaky structures on the instability of supersonic boundary layers. In: IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition. Vol 38. Springer Nature; 2022:587-598. doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67902-6_51' apa: 'Liu, J., Marensi, E., & Wu, X. (2022). Effects of streaky structures on the instability of supersonic boundary layers. In IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition (Vol. 38, pp. 587–598). London, United Kingdom: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67902-6_51' chicago: Liu, Jianxin, Elena Marensi, and Xuesong Wu. “Effects of Streaky Structures on the Instability of Supersonic Boundary Layers.” In IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition, 38:587–98. Springer Nature, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-67902-6_51. ieee: J. Liu, E. Marensi, and X. Wu, “Effects of streaky structures on the instability of supersonic boundary layers,” in IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition, London, United Kingdom, 2022, vol. 38, pp. 587–598. ista: Liu J, Marensi E, Wu X. 2022. Effects of streaky structures on the instability of supersonic boundary layers. IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition. IUTAM Symposium, IUTAM, vol. 38, 587–598. mla: Liu, Jianxin, et al. “Effects of Streaky Structures on the Instability of Supersonic Boundary Layers.” IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition, vol. 38, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 587–98, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-67902-6_51. short: J. Liu, E. Marensi, X. Wu, in:, IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition, Springer Nature, 2022, pp. 587–598. conference: end_date: 2019-09-06 location: London, United Kingdom name: IUTAM Symposium start_date: 2019-09-02 date_created: 2022-03-04T09:14:34Z date_published: 2022-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-05-20T06:08:26Z day: '01' department: - _id: BjHo doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-67902-6_51 external_id: isi: - '000709087600051' intvolume: ' 38' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa_version: None page: 587-598 publication: IUTAM Laminar-Turbulent Transition publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783030679026' eissn: - 1875-3493 isbn: - '9783030679019' issn: - 1875-3507 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Effects of streaky structures on the instability of supersonic boundary layers type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 38 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '10825' abstract: - lang: eng text: In development, lineage segregation is coordinated in time and space. An important example is the mammalian inner cell mass, in which the primitive endoderm (PrE, founder of the yolk sac) physically segregates from the epiblast (EPI, founder of the fetus). While the molecular requirements have been well studied, the physical mechanisms determining spatial segregation between EPI and PrE remain elusive. Here, we investigate the mechanical basis of EPI and PrE sorting. We find that rather than the differences in static cell surface mechanical parameters as in classical sorting models, it is the differences in surface fluctuations that robustly ensure physical lineage sorting. These differential surface fluctuations systematically correlate with differential cellular fluidity, which we propose together constitute a non-equilibrium sorting mechanism for EPI and PrE lineages. By combining experiments and modeling, we identify cell surface dynamics as a key factor orchestrating the correct spatial segregation of the founder embryonic lineages. acknowledgement: We are grateful to H. Niwa for Dox regulatable PB vector; G. Charras for EzrinT567D cDNA; K. Jones for tdTomato ESCs, R26-Confetti ESCs, and laboratory assistance; M. Kinoshita for pPB-CAG-H2B-BFP plasmid; P. Humphreys and D. Clements for imaging support; G. Chu, P. Attlesey, and staff for animal husbandry; S. Pallett for laboratory assistance; C. Mulas for critical feedback on the project; T. Boroviak for single-cell RNA-seq; the EMBL Genomics Core Facility for sequencing; and M. Merkel for developing and sharing the original version of the 3D Voronoi code. This work was financially supported by BBSRC ( BB/Moo4023/1 and BB/T007044/1 to K.J.C. and J.N., Alert16 grant BB/R000042 to E.K.P.), Leverhulme Trust ( RPG-2014-080 to K.J.C. and J.N.), European Research Council ( 772798 -CellFateTech to K.J.C., 311637 -MorphoCorDiv and 820188 -NanoMechShape to E.K.P., Starting Grant 851288 to E.H., and 772426 -MeChemGui to K.F.), the Isaac Newton Trust (to E.K.P.), Medical Research Council UK (MRC program award MC_UU_00012/5 to E.K.P.), the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program under the Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement no. 641639 ( ITN Biopol , H.D.B. and E.K.P.), the Alexander von Humboldt Foundation (Alexander von Humboldt Professorship to K.F.), EMBO ALTF 522-2021 (to P.S.), Centre for Trophoblast Research (Next Generation fellowship to S.A.), and JSPS Overseas Research Fellowships (to A.Y.). The Wellcome-MRC Cambridge Stem Cell Institute receives core funding from Wellcome Trust ( 203151/Z/16/Z ) and MRC ( MC_PC_17230 ). For the purpose of open access, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright licence to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising from this submission. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Ayaka full_name: Yanagida, Ayaka last_name: Yanagida - first_name: Elena full_name: Corujo-Simon, Elena last_name: Corujo-Simon - first_name: Christopher K. full_name: Revell, Christopher K. last_name: Revell - first_name: Preeti full_name: Sahu, Preeti id: 55BA52EE-A185-11EA-88FD-18AD3DDC885E last_name: Sahu - first_name: Giuliano G. full_name: Stirparo, Giuliano G. last_name: Stirparo - first_name: Irene M. full_name: Aspalter, Irene M. last_name: Aspalter - first_name: Alex K. full_name: Winkel, Alex K. last_name: Winkel - first_name: Ruby full_name: Peters, Ruby last_name: Peters - first_name: Henry full_name: De Belly, Henry last_name: De Belly - first_name: Davide A.D. full_name: Cassani, Davide A.D. last_name: Cassani - first_name: Sarra full_name: Achouri, Sarra last_name: Achouri - first_name: Raphael full_name: Blumenfeld, Raphael last_name: Blumenfeld - first_name: Kristian full_name: Franze, Kristian last_name: Franze - first_name: Edouard B full_name: Hannezo, Edouard B id: 3A9DB764-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Hannezo orcid: 0000-0001-6005-1561 - first_name: Ewa K. full_name: Paluch, Ewa K. last_name: Paluch - first_name: Jennifer full_name: Nichols, Jennifer last_name: Nichols - first_name: Kevin J. full_name: Chalut, Kevin J. last_name: Chalut citation: ama: Yanagida A, Corujo-Simon E, Revell CK, et al. Cell surface fluctuations regulate early embryonic lineage sorting. Cell. 2022;185(5):777-793.e20. doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.022 apa: Yanagida, A., Corujo-Simon, E., Revell, C. K., Sahu, P., Stirparo, G. G., Aspalter, I. M., … Chalut, K. J. (2022). Cell surface fluctuations regulate early embryonic lineage sorting. Cell. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.022 chicago: Yanagida, Ayaka, Elena Corujo-Simon, Christopher K. Revell, Preeti Sahu, Giuliano G. Stirparo, Irene M. Aspalter, Alex K. Winkel, et al. “Cell Surface Fluctuations Regulate Early Embryonic Lineage Sorting.” Cell. Cell Press, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.022. ieee: A. Yanagida et al., “Cell surface fluctuations regulate early embryonic lineage sorting,” Cell, vol. 185, no. 5. Cell Press, p. 777–793.e20, 2022. ista: Yanagida A, Corujo-Simon E, Revell CK, Sahu P, Stirparo GG, Aspalter IM, Winkel AK, Peters R, De Belly H, Cassani DAD, Achouri S, Blumenfeld R, Franze K, Hannezo EB, Paluch EK, Nichols J, Chalut KJ. 2022. Cell surface fluctuations regulate early embryonic lineage sorting. Cell. 185(5), 777–793.e20. mla: Yanagida, Ayaka, et al. “Cell Surface Fluctuations Regulate Early Embryonic Lineage Sorting.” Cell, vol. 185, no. 5, Cell Press, 2022, p. 777–793.e20, doi:10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.022. short: A. Yanagida, E. Corujo-Simon, C.K. Revell, P. Sahu, G.G. Stirparo, I.M. Aspalter, A.K. Winkel, R. Peters, H. De Belly, D.A.D. Cassani, S. Achouri, R. Blumenfeld, K. Franze, E.B. Hannezo, E.K. Paluch, J. Nichols, K.J. Chalut, Cell 185 (2022) 777–793.e20. date_created: 2022-03-06T23:01:52Z date_published: 2022-02-22T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-07-10T11:50:00Z day: '22' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: EdHa doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2022.01.022 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000796293700007' pmid: - '35196500' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: ae305060e8031297771b89dae9e36a29 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2022-03-07T07:55:23Z date_updated: 2022-03-07T07:55:23Z file_id: '10831' file_name: 2022_Cell_Yanagida.pdf file_size: 8478995 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2022-03-07T07:55:23Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 185' isi: 1 issue: '5' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 777-793.e20 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 05943252-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '851288' name: Design Principles of Branching Morphogenesis publication: Cell publication_identifier: eissn: - 1097-4172 issn: - 0092-8674 publication_status: published publisher: Cell Press quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Cell surface fluctuations regulate early embryonic lineage sorting tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 185 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '10826' abstract: - lang: eng text: Animals that lose one sensory modality often show augmented responses to other sensory inputs. The mechanisms underpinning this cross-modal plasticity are poorly understood. We probe such mechanisms by performing a forward genetic screen for mutants with enhanced O2 perception in Caenorhabditis elegans. Multiple mutants exhibiting increased O2 responsiveness concomitantly show defects in other sensory responses. One mutant, qui-1, defective in a conserved NACHT/WD40 protein, abolishes pheromone-evoked Ca2+ responses in the ADL pheromone-sensing neurons. At the same time, ADL responsiveness to pre-synaptic input from O2-sensing neurons is heightened in qui-1, and other sensory defective mutants, resulting in enhanced neurosecretion although not increased Ca2+ responses. Expressing qui-1 selectively in ADL rescues both the qui-1 ADL neurosecretory phenotype and enhanced escape from 21% O2. Profiling ADL neurons in qui-1 mutants highlights extensive changes in gene expression, notably of many neuropeptide receptors. We show that elevated ADL expression of the conserved neuropeptide receptor NPR-22 is necessary for enhanced ADL neurosecretion in qui-1 mutants, and is sufficient to confer increased ADL neurosecretion in control animals. Sensory loss can thus confer cross-modal plasticity by changing the peptidergic connectome. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: LifeSc - _id: ScienComp acknowledgement: "We would like to thank Gemma Chandratillake and Merav Cohen for identifying mutants and José David Moñino Sánchez for his help on neurosecretion assays. We are grateful to Kaveh Ashrafi (UCSF), Piali Sengupta (Brandeis), and the Caenorhabditis Genetic Center (funded by National Institutes of Health Infrastructure Program P40 OD010440) for strains and reagents ... and Rebecca Butcher (Univ. Florida) for C9 pheromone. We thank Tim Stevens, Paula Freire-Pritchett, Alastair Crisp, GurpreetGhattaoraya, and Fabian Amman for help with bioinformatic analysis, Ekaterina Lashmanova for help with injections, Iris Hardege for strains, and Isabel Beets (KU Leuven) and members of the de Bono Lab for comments on the manuscript. We thank the CRUK Cambridge Research Institute Genomics Core for next generation sequencing and the Flow Cytometry Facility at LMB for FACS. This research was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by the Bioimaging Facility (BIF), the Life Science Facility (LSF) and Scientific Computing (SciCo-p– Bioinformatics).\r\nThis work was supported by the Medical Research Council UK (Studentship to GV), an\r\nAdvanced ERC grant (269,058 ACMO to MdB), and a Wellcome Investigator Award (209504/Z/17/Z to MdB)." article_number: e68040 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Giulio full_name: Valperga, Giulio id: 67F289DE-0D8F-11EA-9BDD-54AE3DDC885E last_name: Valperga orcid: 0000-0001-6726-3890 - first_name: Mario full_name: De Bono, Mario id: 4E3FF80E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: De Bono orcid: 0000-0001-8347-0443 citation: ama: Valperga G, de Bono M. Impairing one sensory modality enhances another by reconfiguring peptidergic signalling in Caenorhabditis elegans. eLife. 2022;11. doi:10.7554/eLife.68040 apa: Valperga, G., & de Bono, M. (2022). Impairing one sensory modality enhances another by reconfiguring peptidergic signalling in Caenorhabditis elegans. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.68040 chicago: Valperga, Giulio, and Mario de Bono. “Impairing One Sensory Modality Enhances Another by Reconfiguring Peptidergic Signalling in Caenorhabditis Elegans.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2022. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.68040. ieee: G. Valperga and M. de Bono, “Impairing one sensory modality enhances another by reconfiguring peptidergic signalling in Caenorhabditis elegans,” eLife, vol. 11. eLife Sciences Publications, 2022. ista: Valperga G, de Bono M. 2022. Impairing one sensory modality enhances another by reconfiguring peptidergic signalling in Caenorhabditis elegans. eLife. 11, e68040. mla: Valperga, Giulio, and Mario de Bono. “Impairing One Sensory Modality Enhances Another by Reconfiguring Peptidergic Signalling in Caenorhabditis Elegans.” ELife, vol. 11, e68040, eLife Sciences Publications, 2022, doi:10.7554/eLife.68040. short: G. Valperga, M. de Bono, ELife 11 (2022). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2022-03-06T23:01:52Z date_published: 2022-02-24T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-02T12:45:39Z day: '24' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: MaDe doi: 10.7554/eLife.68040 external_id: isi: - '000763432300001' pmid: - '35201977' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: cc1b9bf866d0f61f965556e0dd03d3ac content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2022-03-07T07:39:25Z date_updated: 2022-03-07T07:39:25Z file_id: '10830' file_name: 2022_eLife_Valperga.pdf file_size: 4095591 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2022-03-07T07:39:25Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 11' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 23870BE8-32DE-11EA-91FC-C7463DDC885E grant_number: 209504/A/17/Z name: Molecular mechanisms of neural circuit function publication: eLife publication_identifier: eissn: - 2050-084X publication_status: published publisher: eLife Sciences Publications quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Impairing one sensory modality enhances another by reconfiguring peptidergic signalling in Caenorhabditis elegans tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd volume: 11 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '10828' abstract: - lang: eng text: Digital images enable quantitative analysis of material properties at micro and macro length scales, but choosing an appropriate resolution when acquiring the image is challenging. A high resolution means longer image acquisition and larger data requirements for a given sample, but if the resolution is too low, significant information may be lost. This paper studies the impact of changes in resolution on persistent homology, a tool from topological data analysis that provides a signature of structure in an image across all length scales. Given prior information about a function, the geometry of an object, or its density distribution at a given resolution, we provide methods to select the coarsest resolution yielding results within an acceptable tolerance. We present numerical case studies for an illustrative synthetic example and samples from porous materials where the theoretical bounds are unknown. article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Teresa full_name: Heiss, Teresa id: 4879BB4E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Heiss orcid: 0000-0002-1780-2689 - first_name: Sarah full_name: Tymochko, Sarah last_name: Tymochko - first_name: Brittany full_name: Story, Brittany last_name: Story - first_name: Adélie full_name: Garin, Adélie last_name: Garin - first_name: Hoa full_name: Bui, Hoa last_name: Bui - first_name: Bea full_name: Bleile, Bea last_name: Bleile - first_name: Vanessa full_name: Robins, Vanessa last_name: Robins citation: ama: 'Heiss T, Tymochko S, Story B, et al. The impact of changes in resolution on the persistent homology of images. In: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data. IEEE; 2022:3824-3834. doi:10.1109/BigData52589.2021.9671483' apa: 'Heiss, T., Tymochko, S., Story, B., Garin, A., Bui, H., Bleile, B., & Robins, V. (2022). The impact of changes in resolution on the persistent homology of images. In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data (pp. 3824–3834). Orlando, FL, United States; Virtuell: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/BigData52589.2021.9671483' chicago: Heiss, Teresa, Sarah Tymochko, Brittany Story, Adélie Garin, Hoa Bui, Bea Bleile, and Vanessa Robins. “The Impact of Changes in Resolution on the Persistent Homology of Images.” In 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, 3824–34. IEEE, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1109/BigData52589.2021.9671483. ieee: T. Heiss et al., “The impact of changes in resolution on the persistent homology of images,” in 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, Orlando, FL, United States; Virtuell, 2022, pp. 3824–3834. ista: 'Heiss T, Tymochko S, Story B, Garin A, Bui H, Bleile B, Robins V. 2022. The impact of changes in resolution on the persistent homology of images. 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data. Big Data: International Conference on Big Data, 3824–3834.' mla: Heiss, Teresa, et al. “The Impact of Changes in Resolution on the Persistent Homology of Images.” 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, IEEE, 2022, pp. 3824–34, doi:10.1109/BigData52589.2021.9671483. short: T. Heiss, S. Tymochko, B. Story, A. Garin, H. Bui, B. Bleile, V. Robins, in:, 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data, IEEE, 2022, pp. 3824–3834. conference: end_date: 2021-12-18 location: Orlando, FL, United States; Virtuell name: 'Big Data: International Conference on Big Data' start_date: 2021-12-15 date_created: 2022-03-06T23:01:53Z date_published: 2022-01-13T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T12:54:09Z day: '13' department: - _id: HeEd doi: 10.1109/BigData52589.2021.9671483 external_id: arxiv: - '2111.05663' isi: - '000800559503126' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://arxiv.org/abs/2111.05663 month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 3824-3834 publication: 2021 IEEE International Conference on Big Data publication_identifier: isbn: - '9781665439022' publication_status: published publisher: IEEE quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '18667' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: The impact of changes in resolution on the persistent homology of images type: conference user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '10829' abstract: - lang: eng text: A novel multivariable system, combining a transistor with fiber optic-based surface plasmon resonance spectroscopy with the gate electrode simultaneously acting as the fiber optic sensor surface, is reported. The dual-mode sensor allows for discrimination of mass and charge contributions for binding assays on the same sensor surface. Furthermore, we optimize the sensor geometry by investigating the influence of the fiber area to transistor channel area ratio and distance. We show that larger fiber optic tip diameters are favorable for electronic and optical signals and demonstrate the reversibility of plasmon resonance wavelength shifts after electric field application. As a proof of principle, a layer-by-layer assembly of polyelectrolytes is performed to benchmark the system against multivariable sensing platforms with planar surface plasmon resonance configurations. Furthermore, the biosensing performance is assessed using a thrombin binding assay with surface-immobilized aptamers as receptors, allowing for the detection of medically relevant thrombin concentrations. acknowledgement: "This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research and Innovation Programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 813863-\r\nBORGES. Additionally, we gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (FFG; 870025 and 873541) for this research. The data that support the findings of this study are openly available in Zenodo (DOI: 10.5281/zenodo.5500360)" article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Roger full_name: Hasler, Roger last_name: Hasler - first_name: Ciril full_name: Reiner-Rozman, Ciril last_name: Reiner-Rozman - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fossati, Stefan last_name: Fossati - first_name: Patrik full_name: Aspermair, Patrik last_name: Aspermair - first_name: Jakub full_name: Dostalek, Jakub last_name: Dostalek - first_name: Seungho full_name: Lee, Seungho id: BB243B88-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425 last_name: Lee orcid: 0000-0002-6962-8598 - first_name: Maria full_name: Ibáñez, Maria id: 43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Ibáñez orcid: 0000-0001-5013-2843 - first_name: Johannes full_name: Bintinger, Johannes last_name: Bintinger - first_name: Wolfgang full_name: Knoll, Wolfgang last_name: Knoll citation: ama: Hasler R, Reiner-Rozman C, Fossati S, et al. Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device. ACS Sensors. 2022;7(2):504-512. doi:10.1021/acssensors.1c02313 apa: Hasler, R., Reiner-Rozman, C., Fossati, S., Aspermair, P., Dostalek, J., Lee, S., … Knoll, W. (2022). Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device. ACS Sensors. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.1c02313 chicago: Hasler, Roger, Ciril Reiner-Rozman, Stefan Fossati, Patrik Aspermair, Jakub Dostalek, Seungho Lee, Maria Ibáñez, Johannes Bintinger, and Wolfgang Knoll. “Field-Effect Transistor with a Plasmonic Fiber Optic Gate Electrode as a Multivariable Biosensor Device.” ACS Sensors. American Chemical Society, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1021/acssensors.1c02313. ieee: R. Hasler et al., “Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device,” ACS Sensors, vol. 7, no. 2. American Chemical Society, pp. 504–512, 2022. ista: Hasler R, Reiner-Rozman C, Fossati S, Aspermair P, Dostalek J, Lee S, Ibáñez M, Bintinger J, Knoll W. 2022. Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device. ACS Sensors. 7(2), 504–512. mla: Hasler, Roger, et al. “Field-Effect Transistor with a Plasmonic Fiber Optic Gate Electrode as a Multivariable Biosensor Device.” ACS Sensors, vol. 7, no. 2, American Chemical Society, 2022, pp. 504–12, doi:10.1021/acssensors.1c02313. short: R. Hasler, C. Reiner-Rozman, S. Fossati, P. Aspermair, J. Dostalek, S. Lee, M. Ibáñez, J. Bintinger, W. Knoll, ACS Sensors 7 (2022) 504–512. date_created: 2022-03-06T23:01:54Z date_published: 2022-02-08T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-02T12:33:46Z day: '08' ddc: - '540' department: - _id: MaIb doi: 10.1021/acssensors.1c02313 external_id: isi: - '000765113000016' pmid: - '35134289' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: d704af7262cd484da9bb84b7d84e2b09 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2022-03-07T08:15:01Z date_updated: 2022-03-07T08:15:01Z file_id: '10832' file_name: 2022_ACSSensors_Hasler.pdf file_size: 2969415 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2022-03-07T08:15:01Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 7' isi: 1 issue: '2' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 504-512 pmid: 1 publication: ACS Sensors publication_identifier: eissn: - 2379-3694 publication_status: published publisher: American Chemical Society quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '10833' relation: research_data status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd volume: 7 year: '2022' ... --- _id: '10833' abstract: - lang: eng text: Detailed information about the data set see "dataset description.txt" file. article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Roger full_name: Hasler, Roger last_name: Hasler - first_name: Ciril full_name: Reiner-Rozman, Ciril last_name: Reiner-Rozman - first_name: Stefan full_name: Fossati, Stefan last_name: Fossati - first_name: Patrik full_name: Aspermair, Patrik last_name: Aspermair - first_name: Jakub full_name: Dostalek, Jakub last_name: Dostalek - first_name: Seungho full_name: Lee, Seungho id: BB243B88-D767-11E9-B658-BC13E6697425 last_name: Lee orcid: 0000-0002-6962-8598 - first_name: Maria full_name: Ibáñez, Maria id: 43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Ibáñez orcid: 0000-0001-5013-2843 - first_name: Johannes full_name: Bintinger, Johannes last_name: Bintinger - first_name: Wolfgang full_name: Knoll, Wolfgang last_name: Knoll citation: ama: Hasler R, Reiner-Rozman C, Fossati S, et al. Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device. 2022. doi:10.5281/ZENODO.5500360 apa: Hasler, R., Reiner-Rozman, C., Fossati, S., Aspermair, P., Dostalek, J., Lee, S., … Knoll, W. (2022). Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device. Zenodo. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.5500360 chicago: Hasler, Roger, Ciril Reiner-Rozman, Stefan Fossati, Patrik Aspermair, Jakub Dostalek, Seungho Lee, Maria Ibáñez, Johannes Bintinger, and Wolfgang Knoll. “Field-Effect Transistor with a Plasmonic Fiber Optic Gate Electrode as a Multivariable Biosensor Device.” Zenodo, 2022. https://doi.org/10.5281/ZENODO.5500360. ieee: R. Hasler et al., “Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device.” Zenodo, 2022. ista: Hasler R, Reiner-Rozman C, Fossati S, Aspermair P, Dostalek J, Lee S, Ibáñez M, Bintinger J, Knoll W. 2022. Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device, Zenodo, 10.5281/ZENODO.5500360. mla: Hasler, Roger, et al. Field-Effect Transistor with a Plasmonic Fiber Optic Gate Electrode as a Multivariable Biosensor Device. Zenodo, 2022, doi:10.5281/ZENODO.5500360. short: R. Hasler, C. Reiner-Rozman, S. Fossati, P. Aspermair, J. Dostalek, S. Lee, M. Ibáñez, J. Bintinger, W. Knoll, (2022). date_created: 2022-03-07T08:19:11Z date_published: 2022-02-08T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-02T12:33:44Z day: '08' ddc: - '540' department: - _id: MaIb doi: 10.5281/ZENODO.5500360 main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.5500360 month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publisher: Zenodo related_material: record: - id: '10829' relation: used_in_publication status: public status: public title: Field-effect transistor with a plasmonic fiber optic gate electrode as a multivariable biosensor device type: research_data_reference user_id: 6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf year: '2022' ... --- _id: '10841' abstract: - lang: eng text: In eukaryotes, clathrin-coated vesicles (CCVs) facilitate the internalization of material from the cell surface as well as the movement of cargo in post-Golgi trafficking pathways. This diversity of functions is partially provided by multiple monomeric and multimeric clathrin adaptor complexes that provide compartment and cargo selectivity. The adaptor-protein assembly polypeptide-1 (AP-1) complex operates as part of the secretory pathway at the trans-Golgi network (TGN), while the AP-2 complex and the TPLATE complex jointly operate at the plasma membrane to execute clathrin-mediated endocytosis. Key to our further understanding of clathrin-mediated trafficking in plants will be the comprehensive identification and characterization of the network of evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific core and accessory machinery involved in the formation and targeting of CCVs. To facilitate these studies, we have analyzed the proteome of enriched TGN/early endosome-derived and endocytic CCVs isolated from dividing and expanding suspension-cultured Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) cells. Tandem mass spectrometry analysis results were validated by differential chemical labeling experiments to identify proteins co-enriching with CCVs. Proteins enriched in CCVs included previously characterized CCV components and cargos such as the vacuolar sorting receptors in addition to conserved and plant-specific components whose function in clathrin-mediated trafficking has not been previously defined. Notably, in addition to AP-1 and AP-2, all subunits of the AP-4 complex, but not AP-3 or AP-5, were found to be in high abundance in the CCV proteome. The association of AP-4 with suspension-cultured Arabidopsis CCVs is further supported via additional biochemical data. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac acknowledgement: 'The authors would like to acknowledge the VIB Proteomics Core Facility (VIB-UGent Center for Medical Biotechnology in Ghent, Belgium) and the Research Technology Support Facility Proteomics Core (Michigan State University in East Lansing, Michigan) for sample analysis, as well as the University of Wisconsin Biotechnology Center Mass Spectrometry Core Facility (Madison, WI) for help with data processing. Additionally, we are grateful to Sue Weintraub (UT Health San Antonio) and Sydney Thomas (UW- Madison) for assistance with data analysis. This research was supported by grants to S.Y.B. from the National Science Foundation (Nos. 1121998 and 1614915) and a Vilas Associate Award (University of Wisconsin, Madison, Graduate School); to J.P. from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (Nos. 91754104, 31820103008, and 31670283); to I.H. from the National Research Foundation of Korea (No. 2019R1A2B5B03099982). This research was also supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by the Electron microscopy Facility (EMF). A.J. is supported by funding from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF): I3630B25 to J.F. A.H. is supported by funding from the National Science Foundation (NSF IOS Nos. 1025837 and 1147032).' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: DA full_name: Dahhan, DA last_name: Dahhan - first_name: GD full_name: Reynolds, GD last_name: Reynolds - first_name: JJ full_name: Cárdenas, JJ last_name: Cárdenas - first_name: D full_name: Eeckhout, D last_name: Eeckhout - first_name: Alexander J full_name: Johnson, Alexander J id: 46A62C3A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Johnson orcid: 0000-0002-2739-8843 - first_name: K full_name: Yperman, K last_name: Yperman - first_name: Walter full_name: Kaufmann, Walter id: 3F99E422-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kaufmann orcid: 0000-0001-9735-5315 - first_name: N full_name: Vang, N last_name: Vang - first_name: X full_name: Yan, X last_name: Yan - first_name: I full_name: Hwang, I last_name: Hwang - first_name: A full_name: Heese, A last_name: Heese - first_name: G full_name: De Jaeger, G last_name: De Jaeger - first_name: Jiří full_name: Friml, Jiří id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Friml orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596 - first_name: D full_name: Van Damme, D last_name: Van Damme - first_name: J full_name: Pan, J last_name: Pan - first_name: SY full_name: Bednarek, SY last_name: Bednarek citation: ama: Dahhan D, Reynolds G, Cárdenas J, et al. Proteomic characterization of isolated Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles reveals evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific components. Plant Cell. 2022;34(6):2150-2173. doi:10.1093/plcell/koac071 apa: Dahhan, D., Reynolds, G., Cárdenas, J., Eeckhout, D., Johnson, A. J., Yperman, K., … Bednarek, S. (2022). Proteomic characterization of isolated Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles reveals evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific components. Plant Cell. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac071 chicago: Dahhan, DA, GD Reynolds, JJ Cárdenas, D Eeckhout, Alexander J Johnson, K Yperman, Walter Kaufmann, et al. “Proteomic Characterization of Isolated Arabidopsis Clathrin-Coated Vesicles Reveals Evolutionarily Conserved and Plant-Specific Components.” Plant Cell. Oxford University Press, 2022. https://doi.org/10.1093/plcell/koac071. ieee: D. Dahhan et al., “Proteomic characterization of isolated Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles reveals evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific components,” Plant Cell, vol. 34, no. 6. Oxford University Press, pp. 2150–2173, 2022. ista: Dahhan D, Reynolds G, Cárdenas J, Eeckhout D, Johnson AJ, Yperman K, Kaufmann W, Vang N, Yan X, Hwang I, Heese A, De Jaeger G, Friml J, Van Damme D, Pan J, Bednarek S. 2022. Proteomic characterization of isolated Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles reveals evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific components. Plant Cell. 34(6), 2150–2173. mla: Dahhan, DA, et al. “Proteomic Characterization of Isolated Arabidopsis Clathrin-Coated Vesicles Reveals Evolutionarily Conserved and Plant-Specific Components.” Plant Cell, vol. 34, no. 6, Oxford University Press, 2022, pp. 2150–73, doi:10.1093/plcell/koac071. short: D. Dahhan, G. Reynolds, J. Cárdenas, D. Eeckhout, A.J. Johnson, K. Yperman, W. Kaufmann, N. Vang, X. Yan, I. Hwang, A. Heese, G. De Jaeger, J. Friml, D. Van Damme, J. Pan, S. Bednarek, Plant Cell 34 (2022) 2150–2173. date_created: 2022-03-08T13:47:51Z date_published: 2022-06-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-05-14T11:06:15Z day: '01' department: - _id: JiFr - _id: EM-Fac doi: 10.1093/plcell/koac071 external_id: isi: - '000767438800001' pmid: - '35218346' intvolume: ' 34' isi: 1 issue: '6' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2021.09.16.460678 month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 2150-2173 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 26538374-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: I03630 name: Molecular mechanisms of endocytic cargo recognition in plants publication: Plant Cell publication_identifier: eissn: - 1532-298x issn: - 1040-4651 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Proteomic characterization of isolated Arabidopsis clathrin-coated vesicles reveals evolutionarily conserved and plant-specific components type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 34 year: '2022' ...