--- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22693' abstract: - lang: eng text: We study torus-equivariant algebraic K-theory of affine Schubert varieties in the perfect affine Grassmannians over Fp. We further compare it to the torus-equivariant Hochschild homology of perfect complexes, which has a geometric description in terms of global functions on certain fixed-point schemes. We prove that Fp-linearly, this comparison is an isomorphism. Our approach is quite constructive, resulting in new computations of these K-theory rings. We establish various structural results for equivariant perfect algebraic K-theory on the way; we believe these are of independent interest. acknowledgement: "I would like to thank the following people for fruitful discussions,\r\nhelpful sanity checks or comments on previous drafts: Roman Bezrukavnikov, Jens Niklas Eberhardt, Mischa Elkner, Tamás Hausel, Andres Fernandez Herrero, Adeel Khan,\r\nBernhard Köck, Andrei Konovalov, Quoc Ho, Mirko Mauri, Matthew Morrow, Charanya\r\nRavi, Kamil Rychlewicz, Shyiu Shen, Vladimir Sosnilo, Georg Tamme, Xinwen Zhu. I\r\nwould further like to thank Marc Hoyois and the anonymous referee for spotting an error\r\nin a previous version.\r\nThis work was done during author’s PhD at the Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA). It was funded by a DOC Fellowship of the Austrian Academy\r\nof Sciences and by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) 10.55776/P35847. For open access\r\npurposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author-accepted\r\nmanuscript version arising from this submission." article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Jakub full_name: Löwit, Jakub id: e3b80ae2-eb8e-11eb-b029-9aef4a9108a0 last_name: Löwit citation: ama: Löwit J. Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection. Documenta Mathematica. 2026. doi:10.4171/dm/1064 apa: Löwit, J. (2026). Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection. Documenta Mathematica. EMS Press. https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064 chicago: Löwit, Jakub. “Equivariant K-Theory, Affine Grassmannian and Perfection.” Documenta Mathematica. EMS Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064. ieee: J. Löwit, “Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection,” Documenta Mathematica. EMS Press, 2026. ista: Löwit J. 2026. Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection. Documenta Mathematica. mla: Löwit, Jakub. “Equivariant K-Theory, Affine Grassmannian and Perfection.” Documenta Mathematica, EMS Press, 2026, doi:10.4171/dm/1064. short: J. Löwit, Documenta Mathematica (2026). corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '0' date_created: 2026-08-12T13:29:17Z date_published: 2026-03-26T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-08-26T06:53:54Z day: '26' ddc: - '500' department: - _id: GradSch - _id: TaHa doi: 10.4171/dm/1064 external_id: arxiv: - '2409.18925' fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.4171/dm/1064 has_accepted_license: '1' keyword: - equivariant algebraic K-theory - perfection in positive characteristic - affine Grassmannian - affine Schubert varieties - Dennis trace map - equivariant Hochschild homology - fixed-point schemes - toric varieties language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.4171/DM/1064 mathsc: - '19E08' - 19L47 - 20G44 - 14G17 - 19D55 - 14F43 - 14L30 - 14D24 - 14M25 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 34b2c9cb-11ca-11ed-8bc3-a50ba74ca4a3 grant_number: P35847 name: Geometry of the tip of the global nilpotent cone publication: Documenta Mathematica publication_identifier: eissn: - 1431-0643 issn: - 1431-0635 publication_status: epub_ahead publisher: EMS Press quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '22694' relation: dissertation_contains status: public researchdata_availability: no scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: no title: Equivariant K-theory, affine Grassmannian and perfection tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '22684' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Contact electrification (CE) is a simple yet elusive phenomenon that occurs when two materials come into contact and separate, leaving behind net electrical charge. Despite its ubiquity, the microscopic origin of CE remains unclear. In this thesis, we investigate CE from three complementary perspectives: developing a quantitative method to measure charge at the nanoscale, exploring the dynamic behavior of charge on insulating surfaces, and uncovering the role of mechanical history in forming a triboelectric series.\r\n\r\nIn the first part, we establish a rigorous framework for converting qualitative Kelvin probe force microscopy (KPFM) voltage maps into quantitative charge density distributions. Using finite element method (FEM) simulations, we determine the point-spread function of the KPFM tip–sample geometry and demonstrate that the true surface charge can be reconstructed by numerical deconvolution. This procedure enables the recovery of both the magnitude and sign of charge density with high fidelity, resolving nanoscale features that are otherwise obscured. Applying the method to contact-charged SiO$_2$ surfaces, we show that existing analytical approximations, such as parallel plate or spherical models, can miscalculate charge magnitude by orders of magnitude. Our hybrid FEM/KPFM approach therefore provides a fast and general method to convert qualitative KPFM signals into quantitative charge data, enabling nanoscale charge mapping under realistic experimental conditions.\r\n\r\nIn the second part, we study the temporal stability of CE-induced charges and identify the key material factors that determine whether KPFM can capture meaningful charge patterns. Through time-resolved experiments combining a custom-built transfer system with both microscopic and macroscopic measurements, we demonstrate that only the best insulators, such as SiO$_2$, preserve CE charge long enough for stationary imaging. For less conductive polymers, such as PDMS, charge decays within the duration of a single KPFM scan due to bulk conduction. Using a simple capacitor-based model, we reproduce the observed decay dynamics and confirm that the transferred charge decays characteristic to the sample's bulk conductivity. Further, we always observe homogeneous charge transfer.\r\n\r\nIn the third part, we address the question: can we form a triboelectric series with identical materials? Using controlled repetitive contact experiments, we show that nominally identical materials can progressively order themselves into a triboelectric series, where surfaces with more contact history charge negatively relative to fresher ones. By constructing a minimal model based on this ``contact bias'', we replicate the evolution from random to ordered charging observed in experiments. Supporting surface analyses, including atomic force microscopy, reveal that repeated contact induces nanoscale morphological changes, suggesting a mechanism tightly coupled to mechanical strain. These results highlight the crucial role of surface history and nanoscale mechanics in dictating charge transfer, motivating further exploration of mechanisms such as mechanochemical bond cleavage and flexoelectric polarization." acknowledged_ssus: - _id: NanoFab - _id: ScienComp - _id: LifeSc - _id: M-Shop - _id: EM-Fac acknowledgement: "This project has received financing from the European Research Council grant agreement\r\nno. 949120 under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme.\r\nThis research was supported by the Scientific Service Units of The Institute of Science\r\nand Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by the Miba Machine Shop, the\r\nNanofabrication Facility, the Lab Support Facility, the Scientific Computing Facility and the\r\nElectron Microscopy Facility. We thank Florian Stumpf from Park Systems for useful discussions\r\nand support with scanning probe microscopy. We thank Joaquin Garcia-Suarez and Guillaume\r\nAnciaux for the suggestion to look into the roughness power spectral density. We thank\r\nIrina-Malina Strugaru for help with testing the device for Young’s modulus measurements.\r\n" alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Felix full_name: Pertl, Felix id: 6313aec0-15b2-11ec-abd3-ed67d16139af last_name: Pertl orcid: 0000-0003-0463-5794 citation: ama: Pertl F. Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging. 2026. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684 apa: Pertl, F. (2026). Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684 chicago: Pertl, Felix. “Experimental Probing of Nanoscale Charge Features and Surface Morphology Changes during Tribocharging.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684. ieee: F. Pertl, “Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. ista: Pertl F. 2026. Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Pertl, Felix. Experimental Probing of Nanoscale Charge Features and Surface Morphology Changes during Tribocharging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684. short: F. Pertl, Experimental Probing of Nanoscale Charge Features and Surface Morphology Changes during Tribocharging, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-08-12T09:44:40Z date_published: 2026-08-12T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-08-27T11:42:44Z day: '12' ddc: - '530' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: ScWa doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684 doi_confirm: '1' ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: closed checksum: 0a4f5a941c40b921447e72291d72bc6f content_type: application/x-zip-compressed creator: fpertl date_created: 2026-08-12T13:04:21Z date_updated: 2026-08-12T13:04:21Z file_id: '22690' file_name: 2026_Pertl_Felix_Thesis.zip file_size: 31192621 relation: source_file - access_level: open_access checksum: ae60dcdb363222138886b2857643d4e3 content_type: application/pdf creator: fpertl date_created: 2026-08-12T13:04:21Z date_updated: 2026-08-12T13:04:21Z file_id: '22691' file_name: 2026_Pertl_Felix_Thesis.pdf file_size: 27882509 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2026-08-12T13:04:21Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22684 has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '107' project: - _id: 0aa60e99-070f-11eb-9043-a6de6bdc3afa call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '949120' name: 'Tribocharge: a multi-scale approach to an enduring problem in physics' publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-3-99078-083-1 issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '20481' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '12109' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '19278' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '17373' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Scott R full_name: Waitukaitis, Scott R id: 3A1FFC16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Waitukaitis orcid: 0000-0002-2299-3176 title: Experimental probing of nanoscale charge features and surface morphology changes during tribocharging tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9 year: '2026' ... --- OA_type: closed access _id: '21762' abstract: - lang: eng text: Bacteria, like eukaryotes, use conserved cytoskeletal systems for intracellular organization. The plasmid-encoded ParMRC system forms actin-like filaments that segregate low–copy number plasmids. In multicellular cyanobacteria such as Anabaena sp., we found that a chromosomally encoded ParMR system has evolved into a cytoskeletal system named CorMR with a function in cell shape control rather than DNA segregation. Live-cell imaging, in vitro reconstitution, and cryo–electron microscopy revealed that CorM formed dynamically unstable, antiparallel double-stranded filaments that were recruited to the membrane by CorR through an amphipathic helix conserved in multicellular cyanobacteria. CorMR filaments were regulated by MinC, which excluded them from the poles and division plane. Comparative genomics indicated that the repurposing of ParMR and Min systems coevolved with cyanobacterial multicellularity, highlighting the evolutionary plasticity of cytoskeletal systems in bacteria. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: ScienComp - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: "We thank all members of the Loose lab at ISTA for helpful discussions; M. Kojic for critical reading of the manuscript; A. Herrero (Sevilla University) for sharing her extensive BACTH plasmid library and other plasmids, as well as cyanobacterial strains; T. Dagan and F. Nies (both Kiel University) for sharing cyanobacterial strains and plasmids and for valuable discussions; N. Sapay and A. Michon for providing the Amphipaseek code, which enabled us to perform our large-scale amphipathic helix screen of cyanobacterial CorR proteins; V.-V. Hodirnau for support in cryo-ET data collection; and J. Hansen for advice about cryo-EM data processing.\r\nThis work was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of ISTA through resources provided by the Imaging & Optics Facility (IOF), the Scientific Computing (SciComp), the Electron Microscopy Facility (EMF), and the Lab Support Facility (LSF). This work was funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant 101034413 to B.L.S.); the European Research Council (ERC) of the European Union (grant ActinID 101076260 to F.K.M.S.); the Swiss National Science Foundation (starting grant TMSGI3_226208 to G.L.W.); and the Jean-Jacques et Letitia Lopez-Loreta Foundation (G.L.W.)." article_number: eaea6343 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Benjamin L full_name: Springstein, Benjamin L id: b4eb62ef-ac72-11ed-9503-ed3b4d66c083 last_name: Springstein orcid: 0000-0002-3461-5391 - first_name: Manjunath full_name: Javoor, Manjunath id: 305ab18b-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-b58195228ea2 last_name: Javoor orcid: 0000-0003-2311-2112 - first_name: Daniela full_name: Megrian, Daniela last_name: Megrian - first_name: Roman full_name: Hajdu, Roman id: ffab949d-133f-11ed-8f02-94de21ace503 last_name: Hajdu - first_name: Dustin M. full_name: Hanke, Dustin M. last_name: Hanke - first_name: Bettina full_name: Zens, Bettina id: 45FD126C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Zens orcid: 0000-0002-9561-1239 - first_name: Gregor L. full_name: Weiss, Gregor L. last_name: Weiss - first_name: Florian Km full_name: Schur, Florian Km id: 48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Schur orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078 - first_name: Martin full_name: Loose, Martin id: 462D4284-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Loose orcid: 0000-0001-7309-9724 citation: ama: Springstein BL, Javoor M, Megrian D, et al. Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. Science. 2026;392(6795). doi:10.1126/science.aea6343 apa: Springstein, B. L., Javoor, M., Megrian, D., Hajdu, R., Hanke, D. M., Zens, B., … Loose, M. (2026). Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. Science. AAAS. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343 chicago: Springstein, Benjamin L, Manjunath Javoor, Daniela Megrian, Roman Hajdu, Dustin M. Hanke, Bettina Zens, Gregor L. Weiss, Florian KM Schur, and Martin Loose. “Repurposing of a DNA Segregation Machinery into a Cytoskeletal System Controlling Cell Shape.” Science. AAAS, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343. ieee: B. L. Springstein et al., “Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape,” Science, vol. 392, no. 6795. AAAS, 2026. ista: Springstein BL, Javoor M, Megrian D, Hajdu R, Hanke DM, Zens B, Weiss GL, Schur FK, Loose M. 2026. Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape. Science. 392(6795), eaea6343. mla: Springstein, Benjamin L., et al. “Repurposing of a DNA Segregation Machinery into a Cytoskeletal System Controlling Cell Shape.” Science, vol. 392, no. 6795, eaea6343, AAAS, 2026, doi:10.1126/science.aea6343. short: B.L. Springstein, M. Javoor, D. Megrian, R. Hajdu, D.M. Hanke, B. Zens, G.L. Weiss, F.K. Schur, M. Loose, Science 392 (2026). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-04-26T22:01:46Z date_published: 2026-04-16T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-03T09:36:24Z day: '16' department: - _id: MaLo - _id: FlSc - _id: GradSch - _id: EM-Fac doi: 10.1126/science.aea6343 ec_funded: 1 external_id: pmid: - '41990175' fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1126/science.aea6343 intvolume: ' 392' issue: '6795' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa_version: None pmid: 1 project: - _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101034413' name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program' - _id: bd980d18-d553-11ed-ba76-ceaa645c97eb grant_number: '101076260' name: A molecular atlas of Actin filament IDentities in the cell motility machinery publication: Science publication_identifier: eissn: - 1095-9203 issn: - 0036-8075 publication_status: published publisher: AAAS quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '22744' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Repurposing of a DNA segregation machinery into a cytoskeletal system controlling cell shape type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 392 year: '2026' ... --- OA_embargo: '12' OA_place: publisher _id: '22744' acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: EM-Fac - _id: ScienComp - _id: LifeSc acknowledgement: "This work was supported by the ERC StG grant ActinID (PRA01221F1049A) awarded to Florian\r\nSchur, the ERC-SyG grant Pushing from within (P01071793) awarded to Michael Sixt, and by ISTA.\r\nI would like to thank the Scientific Service Units at ISTA for their essential support throughout\r\nthis work. In particular, I am grateful to the Electron Microscopy Facility, Imaging and Optics\r\nFacility, Zebrafish Facility, Scientific Computing Facility, and Lab Support Facility for their services,\r\nand technical support, all of which were important for the successful completion of this project." alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Manjunath full_name: Javoor, Manjunath id: 305ab18b-dc7d-11ea-9b2f-b58195228ea2 last_name: Javoor orcid: 0000-0003-2311-2112 citation: ama: Javoor M. Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography. 2026. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744 apa: Javoor, M. (2026). Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography. Institute of Science and Technology Austria . https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744 chicago: Javoor, Manjunath. “Large-Scale Imaging of Cellular Actin Networks at Single Filament Resolution Using Montage Cryo-Electron Tomography.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria , 2026. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744. ieee: M. Javoor, “Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria , 2026. ista: Javoor M. 2026. Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography. Institute of Science and Technology Austria . mla: Javoor, Manjunath. Large-Scale Imaging of Cellular Actin Networks at Single Filament Resolution Using Montage Cryo-Electron Tomography. Institute of Science and Technology Austria , 2026, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744. short: M. Javoor, Large-Scale Imaging of Cellular Actin Networks at Single Filament Resolution Using Montage Cryo-Electron Tomography, Institute of Science and Technology Austria , 2026. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-08-21T09:11:04Z date_published: 2026-08-21T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-03T09:36:24Z day: '21' ddc: - '570' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: FlSc - _id: MiSi doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744 doi_confirm: '1' file: - access_level: closed checksum: f9c2847df9f1ac5a3d60c06b3b81a450 content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: mjavoor date_created: 2026-08-26T12:02:47Z date_updated: 2026-08-27T12:48:42Z file_id: '22767' file_name: 2026_Javoor_Manjunath_Thesis.docx file_size: 27430796 relation: source_file - access_level: closed checksum: 8e9b4c0fcafbccf5c3796eacc9134a08 content_type: application/pdf creator: mjavoor date_created: 2026-08-26T12:02:46Z date_updated: 2026-08-26T12:02:46Z embargo: 2027-08-21 embargo_to: open_access file_id: '22768' file_name: 2026_Javoor_Manjunath_Thesis.pdf file_size: 19489230 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2026-08-27T12:48:42Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22744 has_accepted_license: '1' keyword: - Actin cytoskeleton - Cell migration - cryo-electron tomography language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '08' oa_version: None page: '121' project: - _id: bd980d18-d553-11ed-ba76-ceaa645c97eb grant_number: '101076260' name: A molecular atlas of Actin filament IDentities in the cell motility machinery - _id: bd91e723-d553-11ed-ba76-fe7eeb2185fd grant_number: '101071793' name: 'Pushing from within: Control of cell shape, integrity and motility by cytoskeletal pushing forces' publication_identifier: isbn: - '978-3-99078-090-9 ' issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: 'Institute of Science and Technology Austria ' related_material: record: - id: '12334' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '21762' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '19795' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '12421' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Florian KM full_name: Schur, Florian KM id: 48AD8942-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Schur orcid: 0000-0003-4790-8078 - first_name: Michael K full_name: Sixt, Michael K id: 41E9FBEA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sixt orcid: 0000-0002-6620-9179 title: Large-scale imaging of cellular actin networks at single filament resolution using montage cryo-electron tomography tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22751' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The physical processes that led to the formation of billion-solar-mass black holes within the first 700 million years of cosmic time, a period known as cosmic dawn, remain a puzzle1. Several theoretical scenarios have been proposed to seed and rapidly grow black holes2,3,4, but direct observations of these mechanisms remain elusive. Here we present a source 660 million years after the Big Bang that exhibits singular properties: among the largest hydrogen Balmer breaks reported at any redshift, broad multi-peaked Hβ emission, and Balmer line absorption in several transitions. We model this source as an enshrouded black hole in which the Balmer break and absorption features are a result of extremely dense, turbulent gas forming a dust-free envelope around a supermassive black hole5,6. This source may provide evidence of an early black hole embedded in dense gas—a theoretical configuration proposed to rapidly grow black holes by super-Eddington accretion7,8. Radiation from the black hole seems to dominate almost all observed light, leaving limited room for contribution from its host galaxy. If the source merged with its brighter neighbour, it would resemble the recently discovered ‘little red dots’ with perplexing spectral energy distributions9,10,11. The redness of the black hole is due to gas, not dust12,13, and scattering, not kinematics, gives rise to the complex line shapes and luminosities—black hole masses of these sources may therefore be overestimated by orders of magnitude.' acknowledgement: This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with programs 5224 and 3543. R.P.N. is a NASA Hubble Fellow. D.J.S. is a Brinson Prize Fellow. Some of the data products presented in this study were retrieved from the DJA. DJA is an initiative of the Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), which is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. We acknowledge funding from JWST programmes GO-3516, GO-5224 and GO-1837. Support for this work was provided by NASA through the NASA Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51515.001-A awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under NASA contract NAS5-26555. Funded by the European Union (ERC AGENTS, 101076224; HEAVYMETAL, 101071865; RED CARDINAL, 101076080). Views and opinions expressed are however those of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or the European Research Council. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority can be held responsible for them. This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. This work was also supported by JSPS KAKENHI grant no. 23H00131. The Cosmic Dawn Center is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. P.N. acknowledges support from the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation and the John Templeton Foundation that fund the Black Hole Initiative (BHI) at Harvard University, where she serves as an external prinicpal investigator. S. Bose acknowledges funding from a UK Research and Innovation (UKRI) Future Leaders Fellowship (grant no. MR/V023381/1). article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Rohan P. full_name: Naidu, Rohan P. last_name: Naidu - first_name: Jorryt J full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720 last_name: Matthee orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X - first_name: Harley full_name: Katz, Harley last_name: Katz - first_name: Anna full_name: De Graaff, Anna last_name: De Graaff - first_name: Pascal A. full_name: Oesch, Pascal A. last_name: Oesch - first_name: Aaron full_name: Smith, Aaron last_name: Smith - first_name: Jenny E. full_name: Greene, Jenny E. last_name: Greene - first_name: Gabriel full_name: Brammer, Gabriel last_name: Brammer - first_name: Andrea full_name: Weibel, Andrea last_name: Weibel - first_name: Raphael full_name: Hviding, Raphael last_name: Hviding - first_name: John full_name: Chisholm, John last_name: Chisholm - first_name: Ivo full_name: Labbé, Ivo last_name: Labbé - first_name: Robert A. full_name: Simcoe, Robert A. last_name: Simcoe - first_name: Callum full_name: Witten, Callum last_name: Witten - first_name: Wendy Q. full_name: Sun, Wendy Q. last_name: Sun - first_name: Hakim full_name: Atek, Hakim last_name: Atek - first_name: Josephine F.W. full_name: Baggen, Josephine F.W. last_name: Baggen - first_name: Sirio full_name: Belli, Sirio last_name: Belli - first_name: Rachel full_name: Bezanson, Rachel last_name: Bezanson - first_name: Leindert A. full_name: Boogaard, Leindert A. last_name: Boogaard - first_name: Sownak full_name: Bose, Sownak last_name: Bose - first_name: Rychard J. full_name: Bouwens, Rychard J. last_name: Bouwens - first_name: Alba full_name: Covelo-Paz, Alba last_name: Covelo-Paz - first_name: Pratika full_name: Dayal, Pratika last_name: Dayal - first_name: Yoshinobu full_name: Fudamoto, Yoshinobu last_name: Fudamoto - first_name: Lukas J. full_name: Furtak, Lukas J. last_name: Furtak - first_name: Emma full_name: Giovinazzo, Emma last_name: Giovinazzo - first_name: Andy full_name: Goulding, Andy last_name: Goulding - first_name: Max full_name: Gronke, Max last_name: Gronke - first_name: Kasper E. full_name: Heintz, Kasper E. last_name: Heintz - first_name: Michaela full_name: Hirschmann, Michaela last_name: Hirschmann - first_name: Garth full_name: Illingworth, Garth last_name: Illingworth - first_name: Akio K. full_name: Inoue, Akio K. last_name: Inoue - first_name: Benjamin D. full_name: Johnson, Benjamin D. last_name: Johnson - first_name: Joel full_name: Leja, Joel last_name: Leja - first_name: Ecaterina full_name: Leonova, Ecaterina last_name: Leonova - first_name: Ian full_name: Mcconachie, Ian last_name: Mcconachie - first_name: Michael V. full_name: Maseda, Michael V. last_name: Maseda - first_name: Priyamvada full_name: Natarajan, Priyamvada last_name: Natarajan - first_name: Erica full_name: Nelson, Erica last_name: Nelson - first_name: David J. full_name: Setton, David J. last_name: Setton - first_name: Irene full_name: Shivaei, Irene last_name: Shivaei - first_name: David full_name: Sobral, David last_name: Sobral - first_name: Mauro full_name: Stefanon, Mauro last_name: Stefanon - first_name: Sandro full_name: Tacchella, Sandro last_name: Tacchella - first_name: Sune full_name: Toft, Sune last_name: Toft - first_name: Alberto full_name: Torralba Torregrosa, Alberto id: 018f0249-0e87-11f0-b167-cbce08fbd541 last_name: Torralba Torregrosa orcid: 0000-0001-5586-6950 - first_name: Pieter full_name: Van Dokkum, Pieter last_name: Van Dokkum - first_name: Arjen full_name: Van Der Wel, Arjen last_name: Van Der Wel - first_name: Marta full_name: Volonteri, Marta last_name: Volonteri - first_name: Fabian full_name: Walter, Fabian last_name: Walter - first_name: Bingjie full_name: Wang, Bingjie last_name: Wang - first_name: Darach full_name: Watson, Darach last_name: Watson - first_name: Katherine full_name: Whitaker, Katherine last_name: Whitaker citation: ama: Naidu RP, Matthee JJ, Katz H, et al. A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn. Nature. 2026;656(8127):329-333. doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4 apa: Naidu, R. P., Matthee, J. J., Katz, H., De Graaff, A., Oesch, P. A., Smith, A., … Whitaker, K. (2026). A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn. Nature. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4 chicago: Naidu, Rohan P., Jorryt J Matthee, Harley Katz, Anna De Graaff, Pascal A. Oesch, Aaron Smith, Jenny E. Greene, et al. “A Gas-Enshrouded and Gas-Reddened Black Hole at Cosmic Dawn.” Nature. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4. ieee: R. P. Naidu et al., “A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn,” Nature, vol. 656, no. 8127. Springer Nature, pp. 329–333, 2026. ista: Naidu RP, Matthee JJ, Katz H, De Graaff A, Oesch PA, Smith A, Greene JE, Brammer G, Weibel A, Hviding R, Chisholm J, Labbé I, Simcoe RA, Witten C, Sun WQ, Atek H, Baggen JFW, Belli S, Bezanson R, Boogaard LA, Bose S, Bouwens RJ, Covelo-Paz A, Dayal P, Fudamoto Y, Furtak LJ, Giovinazzo E, Goulding A, Gronke M, Heintz KE, Hirschmann M, Illingworth G, Inoue AK, Johnson BD, Leja J, Leonova E, Mcconachie I, Maseda MV, Natarajan P, Nelson E, Setton DJ, Shivaei I, Sobral D, Stefanon M, Tacchella S, Toft S, Torralba Torregrosa A, Van Dokkum P, Van Der Wel A, Volonteri M, Walter F, Wang B, Watson D, Whitaker K. 2026. A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn. Nature. 656(8127), 329–333. mla: Naidu, Rohan P., et al. “A Gas-Enshrouded and Gas-Reddened Black Hole at Cosmic Dawn.” Nature, vol. 656, no. 8127, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 329–33, doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4. short: R.P. Naidu, J.J. Matthee, H. Katz, A. De Graaff, P.A. Oesch, A. Smith, J.E. Greene, G. Brammer, A. Weibel, R. Hviding, J. Chisholm, I. Labbé, R.A. Simcoe, C. Witten, W.Q. Sun, H. Atek, J.F.W. Baggen, S. Belli, R. Bezanson, L.A. Boogaard, S. Bose, R.J. Bouwens, A. Covelo-Paz, P. Dayal, Y. Fudamoto, L.J. Furtak, E. Giovinazzo, A. Goulding, M. Gronke, K.E. Heintz, M. Hirschmann, G. Illingworth, A.K. Inoue, B.D. Johnson, J. Leja, E. Leonova, I. Mcconachie, M.V. Maseda, P. Natarajan, E. Nelson, D.J. Setton, I. Shivaei, D. Sobral, M. Stefanon, S. Tacchella, S. Toft, A. Torralba Torregrosa, P. Van Dokkum, A. Van Der Wel, M. Volonteri, F. Walter, B. Wang, D. Watson, K. Whitaker, Nature 656 (2026) 329–333. das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: 'The prism spectra obtained as part of JWST-GO-5224 (MoM) featured in this work are available on Zenodo (https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15059214). All processed images and spectra used in this work are publicly available via the DAWN JWST archive (https://dawn-cph.github.io/dja/). All results presented may be reproduced with the open-access reduced data described above and using the following publicly available software whose use is referenced in the text: msaexp, grizli, astropy, Cloudy, SpectRes, pysersic, COLT and numpyro.' date_created: 2026-08-23T22:01:46Z date_published: 2026-08-13T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T12:50:34Z day: '13' ddc: - '520' department: - _id: JoMa doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4 external_id: pmid: - '42587117' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 80127691cb39deb39948c337f6915f7b content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-07T12:49:32Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T12:49:32Z file_id: '22841' file_name: 2026_Nature_Naidu.pdf file_size: 15134062 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-07T12:49:32Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10846-4 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 656' issue: '8127' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 329-333 pmid: 1 publication: Nature publication_identifier: eissn: - 1476-4687 issn: - 0028-0836 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: yes scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: yes title: A gas-enshrouded and gas-reddened black hole at cosmic dawn tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 656 year: '2026' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold _id: '22750' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Robust oxygenic photosynthesis requires the efficient assembly and repair of the multi-subunit oxygen-evolving photosystem II (PSII) complex. Previous cryogenic electron microscopy (cryo-EM) structures of PSII assembly/disassembly intermediates have relied on the analysis of deletion mutants or removal of PSII subunits in vitro. Here we report the cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric PSII intermediates from the cyanobacterium Thermosynechococcus vestitus at a resolution of about 2.2 Å. These intermediates contain inactive dimers lacking the oxygen-evolving complex (OEC) and semi-active dimers with the OEC present in one of the two monomers. Our structural data provide a mechanism for how assembly and disassembly of the Mn4CaO5 cluster is coordinated with the binding and release of the extrinsic proteins: restructuring of the C-terminal tail of D1 subunit during assembly or disassembly of the Mn cluster triggers conformational changes in D2, CP47 and CP43 to drive the binding/release of the extrinsic proteins. A combination of structural and mass spectrometry data also suggests that the inactive PSII complexes may include damaged complexes containing oxidized D1-His332, a monodentate ligand to one of the Mn ions of the OEC.' acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc - _id: ScienComp acknowledgement: 'P.J.N. is grateful for the support from the Imperial College Electron Microscopy Center. L.A.S. acknowledges the support from the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria: the Electron Microscopy Facility (EMF), the Life Science Facility (LSF) and the IST high-performance computing cluster. P.J.N. is grateful for the support of the Biotechnology & Biological Sciences Research Council (awards BB/I00937X/1, BB/L003260/1 and BB/P00931X/1). L.A.S. is grateful to IST Austria for providing the funding.' article_number: '8433' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original author: - first_name: Ziyu full_name: Zhao, Ziyu id: a63fe682-9f3a-11ee-bf8c-cfdf919b9850 last_name: Zhao - first_name: Irene full_name: Vercellino, Irene id: 3ED6AF16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Vercellino orcid: 0000-0001-5618-3449 - first_name: Julian P. full_name: Whitelegge, Julian P. last_name: Whitelegge - first_name: Karim full_name: Maghlaoui, Karim last_name: Maghlaoui - first_name: Wojciech full_name: Białek, Wojciech last_name: Białek - first_name: Peter J. full_name: Nixon, Peter J. last_name: Nixon - first_name: Leonid A full_name: Sazanov, Leonid A id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sazanov orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989 citation: ama: Zhao Z, Vercellino I, Whitelegge JP, et al. Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster. Nature Communications. 2026;17. doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x apa: Zhao, Z., Vercellino, I., Whitelegge, J. P., Maghlaoui, K., Białek, W., Nixon, P. J., & Sazanov, L. A. (2026). Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x chicago: Zhao, Ziyu, Irene Vercellino, Julian P. Whitelegge, Karim Maghlaoui, Wojciech Białek, Peter J. Nixon, and Leonid A Sazanov. “Cryo-EM Structures of Naturally Occurring Dimeric Photosystem II Complexes Lacking the Mn4CaO5 Cluster.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x. ieee: Z. Zhao et al., “Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster,” Nature Communications, vol. 17. Springer Nature, 2026. ista: Zhao Z, Vercellino I, Whitelegge JP, Maghlaoui K, Białek W, Nixon PJ, Sazanov LA. 2026. Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster. Nature Communications. 17, 8433. mla: Zhao, Ziyu, et al. “Cryo-EM Structures of Naturally Occurring Dimeric Photosystem II Complexes Lacking the Mn4CaO5 Cluster.” Nature Communications, vol. 17, 8433, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x. short: Z. Zhao, I. Vercellino, J.P. Whitelegge, K. Maghlaoui, W. Białek, P.J. Nixon, L.A. Sazanov, Nature Communications 17 (2026). corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: The cryo-EM maps are deposited in the Electron Microscopy Data Bank under accession number EMD- 51100 (inactive dimer), EMD- 51102 (active dimer) and EMD-51101 (semi-active dimer). The models are deposited in the Protein Data Bank under accession numbers 9G6F (inactive dimer), 9G6H (active dimer) and 9G6G (semi-active dimer). Mass spectrometry data was uploaded to MassIVE with accession code MSV000101057. Source data are provided with this paper. date_created: 2026-08-23T22:01:46Z date_published: 2026-08-17T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:17:53Z day: '17' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: LeSa doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x external_id: pmid: - '42420307' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: a820b736585de22bcfa30ebdd25a6dd2 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-07T13:13:03Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:13:03Z file_id: '22843' file_name: 2026_NatureComm_Zhao.pdf file_size: 3370665 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:13:03Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75324-x has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 17' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: Nature Communications publication_identifier: eissn: - 2041-1723 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: yes scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: yes title: Cryo-EM structures of naturally occurring dimeric photosystem II complexes lacking the Mn4CaO5 cluster tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 17 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22752' abstract: - lang: eng text: "In this note we outline a new and simple approach to proving central limit theorems for various ‘global’ graph parameters that have robust ‘local’ approximations, using the Efron–Stein inequality, which relies on a combinatorial analysis of the stability of these approximations under resampling an edge. As an application, we give short proofs of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and of the \U0001D458\r\n-core for sparse random graphs." acknowledgement: This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [10.55776/P36131 (Joshua Erde), 10.55776/I6502 (Mihyun Kang), 10.55776/ESP3863424 (Michael Anastos)] and by the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) [P500-2_235474] (Vincent Pfenninger). For open access purposes, the authors have applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. The authors thank the reviewers for helpful comments on the paper, and for bringing the particular form of Theorem 2.2 to our attention. article_number: e70464 article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Michael full_name: Anastos, Michael id: 0b2a4358-bb35-11ec-b7b9-e3279b593dbb last_name: Anastos - first_name: Joshua full_name: Erde, Joshua last_name: Erde - first_name: Mihyun full_name: Kang, Mihyun last_name: Kang - first_name: Vincent full_name: Pfenninger, Vincent last_name: Pfenninger citation: ama: Anastos M, Erde J, Kang M, Pfenninger V. A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society. 2026;58(8). doi:10.1112/blms.70464 apa: Anastos, M., Erde, J., Kang, M., & Pfenninger, V. (2026). A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464 chicago: Anastos, Michael, Joshua Erde, Mihyun Kang, and Vincent Pfenninger. “A Short Proof of a Central Limit Theorem for the Order of the Giant Component and K-Core.” Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society. Wiley, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464. ieee: M. Anastos, J. Erde, M. Kang, and V. Pfenninger, “A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core,” Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society, vol. 58, no. 8. Wiley, 2026. ista: Anastos M, Erde J, Kang M, Pfenninger V. 2026. A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core. Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society. 58(8), e70464. mla: Anastos, Michael, et al. “A Short Proof of a Central Limit Theorem for the Order of the Giant Component and K-Core.” Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society, vol. 58, no. 8, e70464, Wiley, 2026, doi:10.1112/blms.70464. short: M. Anastos, J. Erde, M. Kang, V. Pfenninger, Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society 58 (2026). das_tickbox: '0' date_created: 2026-08-23T22:01:47Z date_published: 2026-08-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:56:17Z day: '01' ddc: - '510' department: - _id: MaKw doi: 10.1112/blms.70464 external_id: arxiv: - '2506.11651' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: b4b21f05c3fc62fde243a5ddd46cef49 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-07T13:53:26Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:53:26Z file_id: '22845' file_name: 2026_BulletinLondonMathSoc_Anastos.pdf file_size: 248641 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:53:26Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1112/blms.70464 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 58' issue: '8' language: - iso: eng mathsc: - 05C80 - 60F05 month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 8f906bd2-16d5-11f0-9cad-e07be8aa9ac9 grant_number: ESP3863424 name: Combinatorial Optimisation Problems on Sparse Random Graphs publication: Bulletin of the London Mathematical Society publication_identifier: eissn: - 1469-2120 issn: - 0024-6093 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: no scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: no title: A short proof of a central limit theorem for the order of the giant component and k-core tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 58 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '22664' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The widespread adoption of apps like Whatsapp and Signal has translated into billions of people all around the world communicating on a regular basis by making use of services that offer end-to-end encryption and even provide security guarantees when a user's device is compromised.\r\n\r\nThis was made possible by the introduction of the Double Ratchet Algorithm~\\cite{double_ratchet}, which was designed for a setting where communication takes place between two parties.\r\nHowever, in practice, many apps offer the possibility of creating groups.\r\nThe protocols they use to secure communication are inefficient for large group which has the undesireable consequence that the aforementioned apps have established limits on the group size of roughly 1000 users.\r\nThis has motivated the introduction of the Messaging Layer Security (MLS) standard~\\cite{rfc9420} by the IETF which is based on a primitive called Continuous Group Key Agreement (CGKA)~\\cite{C:ACDT20}.\r\n\r\nThis primitive allows a group of users to maintain a shared secret key that is frequently rotated by the group members in order to change group membership, achieve forward secrecy (FS) and post compromise security (PCS).\r\nMost protocols are based on binary trees where the nodes are associated to a pair formed by public key and a secret key.\r\nEach leaf corresponds to one of the group members and a user knows the secret keys associated to nodes along the path from their leaf to the root.\r\nWhen a user wants to update their key material they have to change $ \\log(N) $ many keys.\r\nThis requires uploading $ \\log(N) $ many ciphertexts to communicate the new keys to the rest of the group members in a way that respects the tree structure.\r\n\r\nIn this thesis we study how much communication between group members is required in order to add and remove users from a group as well as in order to provide PCS when we consider CGKAs built using standard cryptographic primitives like pseudo-random functions and public-key encryption. Furthermore, we also consider the case of MLS and provide the first lower bound showing that its communication complexity is much worse than previously believed, i.e., it is very far from $ \\log(N) $.\r\nFinally, we also propose a variant of MLS which provably achieves the same security properties with a much lower communication cost." alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Miguel full_name: Cueto Noval, Miguel id: ffc563a3-f6e0-11ea-865d-e3cce03d17cc last_name: Cueto Noval orcid: 0000-0002-2505-4246 citation: ama: Cueto Noval M. Towards efficient secure group messaging. 2026. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664 apa: Cueto Noval, M. (2026). Towards efficient secure group messaging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664 chicago: Cueto Noval, Miguel. “Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664. ieee: M. Cueto Noval, “Towards efficient secure group messaging,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. ista: Cueto Noval M. 2026. Towards efficient secure group messaging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Cueto Noval, Miguel. Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664. short: M. Cueto Noval, Towards Efficient Secure Group Messaging, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-08-10T10:18:35Z date_published: 2026-08-10T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T14:12:39Z day: '10' ddc: - '000' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: KrPi doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664 doi_confirm: '1' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: d61beeb9a250a04396c2c61bbd0783aa content_type: application/pdf creator: mcuetono date_created: 2026-08-13T09:39:00Z date_updated: 2026-08-19T11:36:46Z file_id: '22702' file_name: 2026_CuetoNoval_Miguel_Thesis.pdf file_size: 1390255 relation: main_file - access_level: closed checksum: 4d6def422cc93a108faf5e5defc0f807 content_type: application/zip creator: mcuetono date_created: 2026-08-13T09:39:01Z date_updated: 2026-08-14T10:26:06Z file_id: '22703' file_name: 2026_CuetoNoval_Miguel_Thesis.zip file_size: 9923509 relation: source_file file_date_updated: 2026-08-19T11:36:46Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22664 has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '187' publication_identifier: isbn: - ' 978-3-99078-087-9' issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '21262' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '14691' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '18702' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Krzysztof Z full_name: Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z id: 3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pietrzak orcid: 0000-0002-9139-1654 title: Towards efficient secure group messaging tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid _id: '22754' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Quantitative automata (QAs) extend finite-state automata on infinite words with weighted transitions to specify quantitative system properties. However, their finite weight sets rule out properties like average response time, where response times can be arbitrarily large. Nested quantitative automata (NQAs) overcome this limitation: a parent automaton spawns child automata to compute unbounded values over finite infixes and aggregates them into a final result. Despite this expressiveness, NQAs have lacked practical tool support to date.\r\n\r\nWe close this gap by extending the Quantitative Automata Kit (QuAK), a software tool for QA analysis, to support NQAs. Our core contribution is implementing a suite of flattening procedures that reduce NQAs to QAs, leveraging QuAK’s existing decision procedures. These reductions preserve the answers to threshold decision problems, while allowing users to specify properties in the more expressive NQA formalism. The tool handles all combinations of parent aggregators (including limits and averages) and child functions (extrema and monotonic or bounded summations) for which emptiness and universality are known to be decidable. Experiments on response-time and resource-consumption benchmarks demonstrate QuAK’s effectiveness." acknowledgement: This work was supported by the European Research Council (ERC) Grants VAMOS (No. 101020093) and HYPER (No. 101055412). alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Nicolas Adrien full_name: Mazzocchi, Nicolas Adrien id: b26baa86-3308-11ec-87b0-8990f34baa85 last_name: Mazzocchi - first_name: Naci E full_name: Sarac, Naci E id: 8C6B42F8-C8E6-11E9-A03A-F2DCE5697425 last_name: Sarac - first_name: Harun full_name: Yılmaz, Harun last_name: Yılmaz citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Mazzocchi NA, Sarac NE, Yılmaz H. Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata. In: 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. Vol 16683. Springer Nature; 2026:418-432. doi:10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Mazzocchi, N. A., Sarac, N. E., & Yılmaz, H. (2026). Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata. In 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification (Vol. 16683, pp. 418–432). Lisbon, Portugal: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Nicolas Adrien Mazzocchi, Naci E Sarac, and Harun Yılmaz. “Extending QuAK with Nested Quantitative Automata.” In 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, 16683:418–32. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20. ieee: T. A. Henzinger, N. A. Mazzocchi, N. E. Sarac, and H. Yılmaz, “Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata,” in 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Lisbon, Portugal, 2026, vol. 16683, pp. 418–432. ista: 'Henzinger TA, Mazzocchi NA, Sarac NE, Yılmaz H. 2026. Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata. 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification. CAV: Computer Aided Verification, LNCS, vol. 16683, 418–432.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Extending QuAK with Nested Quantitative Automata.” 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, vol. 16683, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 418–32, doi:10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20. short: T.A. Henzinger, N.A. Mazzocchi, N.E. Sarac, H. Yılmaz, in:, 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 418–432. conference: end_date: 2026-07-29 location: Lisbon, Portugal name: 'CAV: Computer Aided Verification' start_date: 2026-07-26 das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: 'The artifact supporting the experimental results in this paper is available in the QuAK repository at https://github.com/ista-vamos/nested-quak. It contains the extended QuAK implementation, benchmark generators, example inputs, and scripts/logs for reproducing the reported tables. The artifact is intended to reproduce the experiments under the setup described in Sect. 4; runtimes may vary across machines, and the reported timeout and memory-exhaustion results depend on the stated hardware limits. No sensitive or restricted data are used. An archived version is available on Zenodo at DOI: http://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.19844606.' date_created: 2026-08-23T22:01:47Z date_published: 2026-01-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T06:37:41Z day: '01' ddc: - '000' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2605.12418' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 043ba7b83f28d036d5a0e6e70a52cc9a content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-09T06:33:55Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T06:33:55Z file_id: '22861' file_name: 2026_LNCS_HenzingerT.pdf file_size: 425988 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-09T06:33:55Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-32526-6_20 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 16683' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 418-432 project: - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software publication: 38th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification publication_identifier: eissn: - 1611-3349 isbn: - '9783032325259' issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: yes scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: no title: Extending QuAK with nested quantitative automata tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16683 year: '2026' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22755' abstract: - lang: eng text: The eigenstate thermalization hypothesis (ETH) posits how isolated quantum many-body systems thermalize, assuming that individual eigenstates at the same energy density have identical expectation values of local observables in the limit of large systems. While the ETH apparently holds across a wide range of interacting quantum systems, in this work, we show that it may require generalization in the presence of thermal first-order phase transitions. We introduce a class of all-to-all spin models, featuring first-order thermal phase transitions that stem from two distinct local maxima of entropy (two mean-field solutions that we dub “branches”) that exchange dominance in the many-body density of states as the energy is varied. We argue that, for energies in the vicinity of the thermal phase transition, eigenstate expectation values do not need to converge to the same thermal value. The system has a regime with coexistence of two classes of eigenstates corresponding to the two branches with distinct expectation values at the same energy density and another regime with Schrödinger-cat-like eigenstates that are interbranch superpositions; these two regimes are separated by an eigenstate phase transition. We propose a more general form of the ETH , support our results by semiclassical calculations and an exact diagonalization study of a microscopic spin model, and argue that the structure of eigenstates in the vicinity of thermal first-order phase transitions can be experimentally probed via nonequilibrium dynamics. acknowledgement: A. A. acknowledges discussions and prior collaboration on related topics with Anatoly Dymarsky. M. S. acknowledges Ashwin Vishwanath for introducing him to the idea of thermal first-order phase transitions in quantum systems. This research was supported in part by Grant No. NSF PHY-2309135 to the Kavli Institute for Theoretical Physics (KITP) and by the Erwin Schrödinger International Institute for Mathematics and Physics (ESI). O. K. D. acknowledges support from the NSF through a grant for ITAMP at Harvard University. D. A. H. was supported in part by NSF QLCI Grant No. OMA-2120757. article_number: '031042' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Maksym full_name: Serbyn, Maksym id: 47809E7E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Serbyn orcid: 0000-0002-2399-5827 - first_name: Alexander full_name: Avdoshkin, Alexander last_name: Avdoshkin - first_name: Oriana K. full_name: Diessel, Oriana K. last_name: Diessel - first_name: David A. full_name: Huse, David A. last_name: Huse citation: ama: Serbyn M, Avdoshkin A, Diessel OK, Huse DA. Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions. Physical Review X. 2026;16(3). doi:10.1103/4zs8-7kf4 apa: Serbyn, M., Avdoshkin, A., Diessel, O. K., & Huse, D. A. (2026). Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions. Physical Review X. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4 chicago: Serbyn, Maksym, Alexander Avdoshkin, Oriana K. Diessel, and David A. Huse. “Eigenstate Thermalization in Thermal First-Order Phase Transitions.” Physical Review X. American Physical Society, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4. ieee: M. Serbyn, A. Avdoshkin, O. K. Diessel, and D. A. Huse, “Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions,” Physical Review X, vol. 16, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2026. ista: Serbyn M, Avdoshkin A, Diessel OK, Huse DA. 2026. Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions. Physical Review X. 16(3), 031042. mla: Serbyn, Maksym, et al. “Eigenstate Thermalization in Thermal First-Order Phase Transitions.” Physical Review X, vol. 16, no. 3, 031042, American Physical Society, 2026, doi:10.1103/4zs8-7kf4. short: M. Serbyn, A. Avdoshkin, O.K. Diessel, D.A. Huse, Physical Review X 16 (2026). corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: There are no publicly available research data or software supporting this manuscript. Requests for further information or data should be sent to the authors. date_created: 2026-08-24T06:57:25Z date_published: 2026-08-18T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:01:47Z day: '18' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: MaSe doi: 10.1103/4zs8-7kf4 external_id: arxiv: - '2601.08347' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 8bf0d88f17783dc1e6bf4c754534d734 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-09T07:00:24Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:00:24Z file_id: '22862' file_name: 2026_PhysicalReviewX_Serbyn.pdf file_size: 2537492 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:00:24Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/4zs8-7kf4 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 16' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Physical Review X publication_identifier: issn: - 2160-3308 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: upon request scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: yes title: Eigenstate thermalization in thermal first-order phase transitions tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22753' abstract: - lang: eng text: Radial glial progenitors (RGPs) produce all excitatory neurons in the developing cerebral cortex. Mosaic analysis with double markers (MADM)-based lineage tracing in vivo has revealed a quantitative framework of RGP lineage progression1. Here we established MADM technology2,3 in mouse embryonic stem cells to probe RGP lineage progression in a self-organizing cortical organoid system. We found that RGPs exhibit a high level of plasticity in proliferative potential in organoids rather than strict temporally stereotyped lineage progression as observed in vivo. RGPs in organoids showed increased lineage restriction, diminishing cell-type diversity in clones of cortical projection neurons, despite uniform single-cell transcriptional signatures of RGPs and a unitary lineage trajectory. Thus, critical non-cell-autonomous cues that are absent in self-organizing systems and/or the genuine stem cell niche are essential for faithful temporal control of RGP lineage progression and the generation of clonal cortical cell-type diversity. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: LifeSc - _id: PreCl acknowledgement: We thank M. L. de Guevara, S. Jayaram and A. Heger for technical assistance with mESC derivation; M. Goudarzi for assistance with organoid imaging; M. Leeb and F. Freeman for advice in culturing mESCs and organoids; S. Gobeil and L. Sweeney for reagents and advice for organoid clearing; A. Heger for mouse colony management; J. Hauser for technical assistance; the Stanford Brain Organogenesis Workshop; and all members of the Hippenmeyer laboratory for discussion and/or comments on the manuscript. This study was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of the Institute of Science and Technology, Austria through resources provided by the Imaging and Optics Facility (IOF), Laboratory Support Facility (LSF) and Preclinical Facility (PCF). M.S. received funding from the European Commission (IST plus postdoctoral fellowship). This work was supported by ISTA institutional funds to S.H., FWF SFB F78 Neuro Stem Modulation to S.H., and by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Research And Innovation Program (grant agreement 725780 LinPro) to S.H. Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria). article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Melissa A full_name: Stouffer, Melissa A id: 4C9372C4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Stouffer - first_name: Osvaldo full_name: Miranda, Osvaldo id: 862A3C56-A8BF-11E9-B4FA-D9E3E5697425 last_name: Miranda orcid: 0000-0001-6618-6889 - first_name: Florian full_name: Pauler, Florian id: 48EA0138-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Pauler orcid: 0000-0002-7462-0048 - first_name: Fabrizia full_name: Pipicelli, Fabrizia id: 649134fd-d012-11ed-8f82-db1e5050f9ba last_name: Pipicelli - first_name: Carmen full_name: Streicher, Carmen id: 36BCB99C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Streicher - first_name: Giselle T full_name: Cheung, Giselle T id: 471195F6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Cheung orcid: 0000-0001-8457-2572 - first_name: Simon full_name: Hippenmeyer, Simon id: 37B36620-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Hippenmeyer orcid: 0000-0003-2279-1061 citation: ama: Stouffer MA, Miranda O, Pauler F, et al. Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids. Nature. 2026. doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7 apa: Stouffer, M. A., Miranda, O., Pauler, F., Pipicelli, F., Streicher, C., Cheung, G. T., & Hippenmeyer, S. (2026). Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids. Nature. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7 chicago: Stouffer, Melissa A, Osvaldo Miranda, Florian Pauler, Fabrizia Pipicelli, Carmen Streicher, Giselle T Cheung, and Simon Hippenmeyer. “Temporal Uncoupling of Radial Glia Lineage Progression in Cortical Organoids.” Nature. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7. ieee: M. A. Stouffer et al., “Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids,” Nature. Springer Nature, 2026. ista: Stouffer MA, Miranda O, Pauler F, Pipicelli F, Streicher C, Cheung GT, Hippenmeyer S. 2026. Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids. Nature. mla: Stouffer, Melissa A., et al. “Temporal Uncoupling of Radial Glia Lineage Progression in Cortical Organoids.” Nature, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7. short: M.A. Stouffer, O. Miranda, F. Pauler, F. Pipicelli, C. Streicher, G.T. Cheung, S. Hippenmeyer, Nature (2026). corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: All data generated and analysed in this study are included in the paper, source data and/or Supplementary Tables 2 and 3. Raw sequencing data have been deposited with Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) accession number GSE327470. Source data are provided with this paper. All scripts used to prepare data and figures for this manuscript are accessible on GitHub at https://github.com/fpauler/Temporal-Uncoupling-of-Radial-Glia-Lineage-Progression-in-Cortical-Organoid. date_created: 2026-08-23T22:01:47Z date_published: 2026-08-12T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:11:02Z day: '12' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: SiHi doi: 10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7 ec_funded: 1 external_id: pmid: - '42587153' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 11383e28fc430b28d2666f73833e8b56 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-07T13:24:10Z date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:24:10Z file_id: '22844' file_name: 2026_Nature_Stouffer.pdf file_size: 48513068 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-07T13:24:10Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41586-026-10916-7 has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 059F6AB4-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E grant_number: F7805 name: Stem Cell Modulation in Neural Development and Regeneration/ P05-Molecular Mechanisms of Neural Stem Cell Lineage Progression - _id: 260018B0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '725780' name: Principles of Neural Stem Cell Lineage Progression in Cerebral Cortex Development publication: Nature publication_identifier: eissn: - 1476-4687 issn: - 0028-0836 publication_status: epub_ahead publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: yes scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: yes title: Temporal uncoupling of radial glia lineage progression in cortical organoids tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: diamond PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22381' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Context. X-ray binaries exhibit complex variability patterns studied in the power spectrum. These include the broadband noise (BBN)\r\ncomponents and various types of narrow components called quasi-periodic oscillations (QPOs). There is currently no consensus about\r\nwhat determines the presence or absence of the BBN or what generates the QPOs. Many believe that QPO generation is due to framedragging effects caused by Lense–Thirring torques.\r\nAims. We investigated the potential impact of frame-dragging effects on the accretion disk itself. In particular, we focused on its\r\nimpact on the observed variability and on the presence (and types) of associated QPOs.\r\nMethods. We made analytical estimates to assess the potential presence of a geometric warp in the inner accretion disk during state\r\ntransitions.\r\nResults. We show that the presence of a warp can modify the spectral-timing properties in a way that matches the observed transition\r\nbetween QPO types during outbursts. We also discuss the peculiar case of Cyg X-1, as well as how the hard-to-soft transition could\r\nbe driven by the warp itself.\r\nConclusions. The (expected) emergence of a warp provides a consistent explanation for the evolution of both the BBN and the QPO\r\nproperties during state transitions. This offers a first path toward unifying the variability of black hole X-ray binaries." acknowledgement: "GM acknowledges support from the Polish National Science Center grant 2023/48/Q/ST9/00138 and the Academy of Finland grant 355672. The authors thank the Editor for their insightful comments and effective stewardship of the review process. SGDT acknowledges support under\r\nSTFC Grant ST/X001113/1. This work made use of the python packages\r\nMatplotlib (Hunter 2007), NumPy (Harris et al. 2020), and Stingray v2.2\r\n(Huppenkothen et al. 2019; Bachetti et al. 2024b,a)." article_number: A387 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: G. full_name: Marcel, G. last_name: Marcel - first_name: S. G. D. full_name: Turner, S. G. D. last_name: Turner - first_name: B. J. full_name: Ricketts, B. J. last_name: Ricketts - first_name: V. full_name: López-Barquero, V. last_name: López-Barquero - first_name: D. J. K. full_name: Buisson, D. J. K. last_name: Buisson - first_name: F. full_name: Vincentelli, F. last_name: Vincentelli - first_name: M. full_name: Middleton, M. last_name: Middleton - first_name: C.S. full_name: Reynolds, C.S. last_name: Reynolds - first_name: Mark full_name: Avara, Mark id: 24edc561-7790-11f0-acf5-82cd0823fe7e last_name: Avara citation: ama: 'Marcel G, Turner SGD, Ricketts BJ, et al. Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2026;710. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202558103' apa: 'Marcel, G., Turner, S. G. D., Ricketts, B. J., López-Barquero, V., Buisson, D. J. K., Vincentelli, F., … Avara, M. (2026). Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103' chicago: 'Marcel, G., S. G. D. Turner, B. J. Ricketts, V. López-Barquero, D. J. K. Buisson, F. Vincentelli, M. Middleton, C.S. Reynolds, and Mark Avara. “Disk Warping and Black Hole X-Ray Binaries: I. Tentative Unification of Low-Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103.' ieee: 'G. Marcel et al., “Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 710. EDP Sciences, 2026.' ista: 'Marcel G, Turner SGD, Ricketts BJ, López-Barquero V, Buisson DJK, Vincentelli F, Middleton M, Reynolds CS, Avara M. 2026. Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 710, A387.' mla: 'Marcel, G., et al. “Disk Warping and Black Hole X-Ray Binaries: I. Tentative Unification of Low-Frequency Quasi-Periodic Oscillations.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 710, A387, EDP Sciences, 2026, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202558103.' short: G. Marcel, S.G.D. Turner, B.J. Ricketts, V. López-Barquero, D.J.K. Buisson, F. Vincentelli, M. Middleton, C.S. Reynolds, M. Avara, Astronomy & Astrophysics 710 (2026). das_tickbox: '0' date_created: 2026-07-21T10:29:36Z date_published: 2026-06-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T08:38:49Z day: '01' ddc: - '520' department: - _id: ZoHa doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202558103 external_id: arxiv: - '2511.10474' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 95c1695f3c7183b2ad9d58167500b18d content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-07-21T12:20:49Z date_updated: 2026-07-21T12:20:49Z file_id: '22382' file_name: 2026_AstronomyAstrophysics_Marcel.pdf file_size: 3286905 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-07-21T12:20:49Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202558103 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 710' language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics publication_identifier: eissn: - 1432-0746 issn: - 0004-6361 publication_status: published publisher: EDP Sciences quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: no scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: yes title: 'Disk warping and black hole X-ray binaries: I. Tentative unification of low-frequency quasi-periodic oscillations' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 710 year: '2026' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22771' abstract: - lang: eng text: Elucidating reaction mechanisms requires efficient generation of transition states (TSs) and products. Existing diffusion and sequence-based models accelerate parts of this process over traditional string-based methods, but typically still require manual enumeration of either TSs or products, and stochastic diffusion dynamics can be inefficient and hard to control. We introduce MolGEN, a conditional flow-matching framework that uses deterministic optimal transport to map Gaussian priors to chemical distributions. For TS generation, MolGEN improves TS geometry and barrier-height prediction over diffusion models while enabling sub-second sampling. For reaction product generation, it achieves competitive top-k accuracy while preserving mass and electron balance. Using the same backbone for TS and product sampling, MolGEN enables template-free generative exploration of reaction networks without the repeated quantum-chemistry searches required by prior methods. For the γ-ketohydroperoxide decomposition network, it produces more valid TSs than string-based methods using only 12 quantum-chemistry evaluations instead of 1156, and identifies a lower-barrier pathway. acknowledgement: P.T. thanks valued discussions with Dr. Peichen Zhong, Dr. Hao Tang, and Dr. Chengbin Zhao. P.T. thanks Dr. Dingshun Lv, Dr. Zechang Sun, and Dr. Chenxi Hu for identifying an important bug in an early version of the code package. The authors acknowledge the resources of the National Energy Research Scientific Computing Center (NERSC), a Department of Energy Office of Science User Facility using NERSC award DOEERCAP0031751 ‘GenAI@NERSC’. P.T. acknowledges funding from the BIDMaP Postdoctoral Fellowship. article_number: '8769' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Ping full_name: Tuo, Ping id: 6e5644c0-c180-11ed-a2da-facc4c9f4f09 last_name: Tuo - first_name: Jiale full_name: Chen, Jiale id: 4d0a9064-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-ec046c604785 last_name: Chen orcid: 0000-0001-5337-5875 - first_name: Ju full_name: Li, Ju last_name: Li citation: ama: Tuo P, Chen J, Li J. Flow matching for reaction pathway generation. Nature Communications. 2026;17. doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w apa: Tuo, P., Chen, J., & Li, J. (2026). Flow matching for reaction pathway generation. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w chicago: Tuo, Ping, Jiale Chen, and Ju Li. “Flow Matching for Reaction Pathway Generation.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w. ieee: P. Tuo, J. Chen, and J. Li, “Flow matching for reaction pathway generation,” Nature Communications, vol. 17. Springer Nature, 2026. ista: Tuo P, Chen J, Li J. 2026. Flow matching for reaction pathway generation. Nature Communications. 17, 8769. mla: Tuo, Ping, et al. “Flow Matching for Reaction Pathway Generation.” Nature Communications, vol. 17, 8769, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w. short: P. Tuo, J. Chen, J. Li, Nature Communications 17 (2026). das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: Structures generated in this study are provided in the Source Data file, and deposited in the GitHub repository https://github.com/tuoping/MolGEN and the figshare database under accession code https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.30576365. Source data are provided in this paper. The MolGEN codebase is available as an open-source repository for continuous development at https://github.com/tuoping/MolGEN. A release of the code used in this work has been archived on Zenodo47. date_created: 2026-08-30T22:01:43Z date_published: 2026-08-21T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:28:15Z day: '21' ddc: - '000' department: - _id: DaAl - _id: GradSch doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w external_id: arxiv: - '2507.10530' pmid: - '42469237' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 3cfb714304eec29b97dcaf7fb86dd6e3 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-09T07:25:19Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:25:19Z file_id: '22864' file_name: 2026_NatureComm_Tuo.pdf file_size: 1526298 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:25:19Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-75654-w has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 17' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: Nature Communications publication_identifier: eissn: - 2041-1723 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: yes scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: yes title: Flow matching for reaction pathway generation tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 17 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: repository _id: '22852' abstract: - lang: eng text: "This Research Data contains supplemental videos for Chapter 4 \"Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior\" of my PhD Thesis \"Biological functionality without biochemistry: designing nanomachines for target behavior\".\r\nSupplemental video 1: Video showing the transition pathway of a bistable nanostructure with sphere-based arms, corresponding to the Machine in Scenario 4.\r\nSupplemental video 2: Video showing the transition pathway of the Source in Scenario 1. The arm tips change sides during the transition, demonstrating that the arms pass through each other.\r\nSupplemental video 3: Video showing the transition pathway of a fully polyhedral hinge structure with unconstrained arms. Note that we only show the ends of the arms.\r\nSupplemental video 4: Video showing the transition pathway of the coupled energy-delivery reaction of a Machine (gray) and a Source (blue) nanostructure for the optimized parameters in Scenario 3. Note that we only show the ends of the arms." acknowledged_ssus: - _id: ScienComp article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Andreas full_name: Ehrmann, Andreas id: eaa689ed-f6e0-11ea-865d-bd98cbcf83c2 last_name: Ehrmann orcid: 0000-0002-0997-5678 citation: ama: Ehrmann A. Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior. 2026. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852 apa: Ehrmann, A. (2026). Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852 chicago: Ehrmann, Andreas. “Supplemental Videos for Designing Bistable Nanostructures for Target Behavior.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852. ieee: A. Ehrmann, “Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. ista: Ehrmann A. 2026. Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852. mla: Ehrmann, Andreas. Supplemental Videos for Designing Bistable Nanostructures for Target Behavior. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852. short: A. Ehrmann, (2026). contributor: - contributor_type: data_collector first_name: Andreas id: eaa689ed-f6e0-11ea-865d-bd98cbcf83c2 last_name: Ehrmann orcid: 0000-0002-0997-5678 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-09-08T11:32:53Z date_published: 2026-09-09T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:24:10Z day: '09' department: - _id: GradSch - _id: CaGo - _id: EdHa doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852 doi_confirm: '1' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 966417b3eab49523068bb0dfba4ecc07 content_type: video/mp4 creator: aehrmann date_created: 2026-09-08T11:31:32Z date_updated: 2026-09-08T11:31:32Z file_id: '22853' file_name: Supplemental video 1.mp4 file_size: 1513964 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: deddcae30875bff8e59d5dc9ee3c196f content_type: video/mp4 creator: aehrmann date_created: 2026-09-08T11:31:37Z date_updated: 2026-09-08T11:31:37Z file_id: '22854' file_name: Supplemental video 2.mp4 file_size: 2634179 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 721446b7595edc670d877185637cf15c content_type: video/mp4 creator: aehrmann date_created: 2026-09-08T11:31:42Z date_updated: 2026-09-08T11:31:42Z file_id: '22855' file_name: Supplemental video 3.mp4 file_size: 2080684 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: da44153821aa4f8f3cbc2860ef6d1bad content_type: video/mp4 creator: aehrmann date_created: 2026-09-08T11:31:48Z date_updated: 2026-09-08T11:31:48Z file_id: '22856' file_name: Supplemental video 4.mp4 file_size: 4047831 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: open_access checksum: 1e94cd067809e1a93e21676181b4c102 content_type: text/plain creator: aehrmann date_created: 2026-09-08T18:36:14Z date_updated: 2026-09-08T18:36:14Z file_id: '22860' file_name: README.txt file_size: 1122 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-08T18:36:14Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-22852 has_accepted_license: '1' keyword: - functional nanostructures - bistability - target behavior - transition pathway month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: None project: - _id: 90a98bb5-16d5-11f0-9cad-9675f3f8015d grant_number: PAT 8537123 name: Functional bio-inspired nanomachines from sticky colloids publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria status: public title: Supplemental videos for Designing bistable nanostructures for target behavior tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0) type: research_data user_id: 68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d year: '2026' ... --- OA_type: closed access _id: '22769' abstract: - lang: eng text: Using transition metals efficiently in aqueous batteries requires transferring multiple electrons per metal, which leads to difficult-to-manage conversion reactions. It is now shown how vanadium can be changed from one-electron insertion to four-electron conversion. article_processing_charge: No article_type: comment author: - first_name: Stefan Alexander full_name: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander id: A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425 last_name: Freunberger orcid: 0000-0003-2902-5319 citation: ama: Freunberger SA. Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes. Nature Materials. 2026;25(9):1482-1483. doi:10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3 apa: Freunberger, S. A. (2026). Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes. Nature Materials. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3 chicago: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander. “Triggering Conversion in Vanadium Electrodes.” Nature Materials. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3. ieee: S. A. Freunberger, “Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes,” Nature Materials, vol. 25, no. 9. Springer Nature, pp. 1482–1483, 2026. ista: Freunberger SA. 2026. Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes. Nature Materials. 25(9), 1482–1483. mla: Freunberger, Stefan Alexander. “Triggering Conversion in Vanadium Electrodes.” Nature Materials, vol. 25, no. 9, Springer Nature, 2026, pp. 1482–83, doi:10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3. short: S.A. Freunberger, Nature Materials 25 (2026) 1482–1483. corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '0' date_created: 2026-08-26T18:48:33Z date_published: 2026-09-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T07:17:13Z day: '01' department: - _id: StFr doi: 10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3 external_id: pmid: - '42649374' fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41563-026-02714-3 intvolume: ' 25' issue: '9' language: - iso: eng month: '09' oa_version: None page: 1482-1483 pmid: 1 publication: Nature Materials publication_identifier: eissn: - 1476-4660 issn: - 1476-1122 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: not applicable scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: not applicable title: Triggering conversion in vanadium electrodes type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 25 year: '2026' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22773' abstract: - lang: eng text: An important quantity in liquid state theory is the radial distribution function g(r). It can be calculated within the framework of classical density functional theory in two very distinct ways. In the test-particle route, one fixes a single fluid particle, turning it into an external potential in which the inhomogeneous structure of the fluid is calculated by minimizing the functional. The second route to g(r) in density functional theory employs the Ornstein–Zernike equation and the pair direct correlation function, that can be obtained from the second functional derivatives of the excess (over the ideal gas) free energy functional. Since typically an approximate excess free energy functional is employed, the test-particle route, which requires only one functional derivative, is more accurate than the Ornstein–Zernike route. Here we study a two-dimensional core-shoulder particle system and find that in some circumstances the results from the Ornstein–Zernike route can be comparable in accuracy to the test-particle results for r > σ, the core diameter. We also examine in detail the asymptotic r → ∞ decay of g(r), finding a variety of possible decay wavelengths at different state points and state points where there is a crossover from one wavelength to a very different one. This behavior is a signature pointing to the rich phase behavior of the incipient solid phases. acknowledgement: We are grateful to Florian Sanmüller and Matthias Schmidt for valuable comments on the manuscript and helpful discussions. The simulation results presented here were enabled via a generous allocation of CPU time by the Austrian Scientific Computing (ASC) under Project No. 71263. The authors thank Katrin Muck for her guidance related to the use of HPC. A.J.A. gratefully acknowledges support from the EPSRC under Grant No. EP/P015689/1. This research was funded in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) under project no. PIN8759524 with Grant-DOI 10.55776/PIN8759524, gratefully acknowledged by GK. article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Michael full_name: Wassermair, Michael id: 23d132c4-4e98-11ef-b275-9e8d4cd8c917 last_name: Wassermair orcid: 0009-0003-6339-4051 - first_name: Gerhard full_name: Kahl, Gerhard last_name: Kahl - first_name: Andrew J. full_name: Archer, Andrew J. last_name: Archer - first_name: Roland full_name: Roth, Roland last_name: Roth citation: ama: Wassermair M, Kahl G, Archer AJ, Roth R. Radial distribution function in a two-dimensional core-shoulder particle system. Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 2026;130(33):8514-8526. doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.6c00653 apa: Wassermair, M., Kahl, G., Archer, A. J., & Roth, R. (2026). Radial distribution function in a two-dimensional core-shoulder particle system. Journal of Physical Chemistry B. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.6c00653 chicago: Wassermair, Michael, Gerhard Kahl, Andrew J. Archer, and Roland Roth. “Radial Distribution Function in a Two-Dimensional Core-Shoulder Particle System.” Journal of Physical Chemistry B. American Chemical Society, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.6c00653. ieee: M. Wassermair, G. Kahl, A. J. Archer, and R. Roth, “Radial distribution function in a two-dimensional core-shoulder particle system,” Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 130, no. 33. American Chemical Society, pp. 8514–8526, 2026. ista: Wassermair M, Kahl G, Archer AJ, Roth R. 2026. Radial distribution function in a two-dimensional core-shoulder particle system. Journal of Physical Chemistry B. 130(33), 8514–8526. mla: Wassermair, Michael, et al. “Radial Distribution Function in a Two-Dimensional Core-Shoulder Particle System.” Journal of Physical Chemistry B, vol. 130, no. 33, American Chemical Society, 2026, pp. 8514–26, doi:10.1021/acs.jpcb.6c00653. short: M. Wassermair, G. Kahl, A.J. Archer, R. Roth, Journal of Physical Chemistry B 130 (2026) 8514–8526. corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '0' date_created: 2026-08-30T22:01:44Z date_published: 2026-08-20T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T11:11:12Z day: '20' ddc: - '530' - '540' department: - _id: AnSa doi: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.6c00653 external_id: arxiv: - '2603.24537' pmid: - '42622279' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 67313d68ab13b553a38e8b4bf99983d2 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-09T11:05:02Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T11:05:02Z file_id: '22871' file_name: 2026_JourPhysicChemistryB_Wassermair.pdf file_size: 7472078 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-09T11:05:02Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.jpcb.6c00653 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 130' issue: '33' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 8514-8526 pmid: 1 publication: Journal of Physical Chemistry B publication_identifier: eissn: - 1520-5207 issn: - 1520-6106 publication_status: published publisher: American Chemical Society quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: no scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: yes title: Radial distribution function in a two-dimensional core-shoulder particle system tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 130 year: '2026' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22815' abstract: - lang: eng text: The mass assembly and chemical enrichment of the first galaxies provide key insights into their star formation histories and the earliest stellar populations at cosmic dawn. Here we compile and utilise new, high-quality spectroscopic JWST/NIRSpec Prism observations from the JWST archive. In particular, we extend the wavelength coverage beyond the standard pipeline cut-off (5.3 μm) up to 5.5 μm, which enables for the first time a detailed examination of the rest-frame optical emission-line properties for galaxies at z ≈ 10. Crucially, the improved calibration allows us to detect Hβ and the [O III] λλ4959, 5007 doublet and resolve the auroral [O III] λ4363 line for the 11 galaxies in our sample (z = 9.3 − 10.0) to obtain direct Te-based metallicity measurements. We find that the interstellar medium (ISM) of all galaxies shows high ionisation fields and electron temperatures, with derived metallicities in the range 12 + log(O/H) = 7.1 − 8.3 (3–50% solar), consistent with previous strong-line diagnostics based on JWST data at high redshifts. We derive an empirical relation for MUV and 12 + log(O/H) at z ≈ 10, useful for future higher-redshift studies, and show that the sample galaxies are ‘typical’ star-forming galaxies though with relatively high specific star formation rates (median sSFR = SFRHβ/M★ = 38 Gyr−1) and with evidence of bursty star formation on 10 Myr versus 100 Myr timescales (log10(SFR10/SFR100)≈0.7). Combining the rest-frame optical line analysis and detailed UV to optical spectro-photometric modelling, we determine the mass-metallicity relation (MZR) and the fundamental metallicity relation (FMR) of the sample, pushing the previous redshift frontier of these measurements to z = 10. These results, together with literature measurements, point to a gradually decreasing MZR at higher redshifts, with a break in the FMR at z ≈ 3, decreasing to metallicities ≈3× lower at z = 10 than observed in galaxies during the majority of cosmic time at z = 0 − 3, likely caused by massive pristine gas inflows diluting the observed metal abundances during early galaxy assembly at cosmic dawn. acknowledgement: We would like to thank the referee for providing a comprehensive and constructive report, greatly improving the results presented in this work. We further express our greatest gratitude to the investigators on the major JWST observing programs, such as RUBIES, CAPERS, UNCOVER, and JADES. The work presented here would not have been possible without their major efforts in designing and obtaining the observational data included in our work here. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN) is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. The data products presented herein were retrieved from the DAWN JWST Archive (DJA). DJA is an initiative of the Cosmic Dawn Center, which is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. This work has received funding from the Swiss State Secretariat for Education, Research and Innovation (SERI) under contract number MB22.00072, as well as from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) through project grant 200020_207349. This work is based in part on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes (MAST) at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. Software used in this work includes MATPLOTLIB (Hunter 2007), NUMPY (Harris et al. 2020), SCIPY (Virtanen et al. 2020), and ASTROPY (Astropy Collaboration 2013). article_number: A203 article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Clara L. full_name: Pollock, Clara L. last_name: Pollock - first_name: Rashmi full_name: Gottumukkala, Rashmi last_name: Gottumukkala - first_name: Kasper E. full_name: Heintz, Kasper E. last_name: Heintz - first_name: Gabriel B. full_name: Brammer, Gabriel B. last_name: Brammer - first_name: Guido full_name: Roberts-Borsani, Guido last_name: Roberts-Borsani - first_name: Pascal A. full_name: Oesch, Pascal A. last_name: Oesch - first_name: Joris full_name: Witstok, Joris last_name: Witstok - first_name: Karla Z. full_name: Arellano-Córdova, Karla Z. last_name: Arellano-Córdova - first_name: Fergus full_name: Cullen, Fergus last_name: Cullen - first_name: Dirk full_name: Scholte, Dirk last_name: Scholte - first_name: Chamilla full_name: Terp, Chamilla last_name: Terp - first_name: Lucie full_name: Rowland, Lucie last_name: Rowland - first_name: Albert full_name: Sneppen, Albert last_name: Sneppen - first_name: Kei full_name: Ito, Kei last_name: Ito - first_name: Francesco full_name: Valentino, Francesco last_name: Valentino - first_name: Jorryt J full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720 last_name: Matthee orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X - first_name: Darach full_name: Watson, Darach last_name: Watson - first_name: Sune full_name: Toft, Sune last_name: Toft citation: ama: Pollock CL, Gottumukkala R, Heintz KE, et al. Novel z ∼ 10 auroral line measurements extend the gradual offset of the fundamental metallicity relation deep into the first gigayear of cosmic time. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 2026;708. doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202556032 apa: Pollock, C. L., Gottumukkala, R., Heintz, K. E., Brammer, G. B., Roberts-Borsani, G., Oesch, P. A., … Toft, S. (2026). Novel z ∼ 10 auroral line measurements extend the gradual offset of the fundamental metallicity relation deep into the first gigayear of cosmic time. Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556032 chicago: Pollock, Clara L., Rashmi Gottumukkala, Kasper E. Heintz, Gabriel B. Brammer, Guido Roberts-Borsani, Pascal A. Oesch, Joris Witstok, et al. “Novel z ∼ 10 Auroral Line Measurements Extend the Gradual Offset of the Fundamental Metallicity Relation Deep into the First Gigayear of Cosmic Time.” Astronomy & Astrophysics. EDP Sciences, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556032. ieee: C. L. Pollock et al., “Novel z ∼ 10 auroral line measurements extend the gradual offset of the fundamental metallicity relation deep into the first gigayear of cosmic time,” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 708. EDP Sciences, 2026. ista: Pollock CL, Gottumukkala R, Heintz KE, Brammer GB, Roberts-Borsani G, Oesch PA, Witstok J, Arellano-Córdova KZ, Cullen F, Scholte D, Terp C, Rowland L, Sneppen A, Ito K, Valentino F, Matthee JJ, Watson D, Toft S. 2026. Novel z ∼ 10 auroral line measurements extend the gradual offset of the fundamental metallicity relation deep into the first gigayear of cosmic time. Astronomy & Astrophysics. 708, A203. mla: Pollock, Clara L., et al. “Novel z ∼ 10 Auroral Line Measurements Extend the Gradual Offset of the Fundamental Metallicity Relation Deep into the First Gigayear of Cosmic Time.” Astronomy & Astrophysics, vol. 708, A203, EDP Sciences, 2026, doi:10.1051/0004-6361/202556032. short: C.L. Pollock, R. Gottumukkala, K.E. Heintz, G.B. Brammer, G. Roberts-Borsani, P.A. Oesch, J. Witstok, K.Z. Arellano-Córdova, F. Cullen, D. Scholte, C. Terp, L. Rowland, A. Sneppen, K. Ito, F. Valentino, J.J. Matthee, D. Watson, S. Toft, Astronomy & Astrophysics 708 (2026). das_tickbox: '0' date_created: 2026-09-06T22:01:56Z date_published: 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T12:07:45Z day: '01' ddc: - '520' department: - _id: JoMa doi: 10.1051/0004-6361/202556032 external_id: arxiv: - '2506.15779' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 4ab5af6fac257723afe2b7cf9fcbfa4c content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-09T12:03:50Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T12:03:50Z file_id: '22874' file_name: 2026_AstronomyAstrophysics_Pollock.pdf file_size: 1854789 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-09T12:03:50Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1051/0004-6361/202556032 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 708' language: - iso: eng month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: Astronomy & Astrophysics publication_identifier: eissn: - 1432-0746 issn: - 0004-6361 publication_status: published publisher: EDP Sciences quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: no scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: no title: Novel z ∼ 10 auroral line measurements extend the gradual offset of the fundamental metallicity relation deep into the first gigayear of cosmic time tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 708 year: '2026' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '22772' abstract: - lang: eng text: The cytoplasmic antiviral sensor MDA5 is activated by double-stranded RNAs. Endogenous double-stranded RNAs are modified by the A-to-I RNA-editing ADAR family to prevent activation of MDA5. In vivo, cytoplasmic ADAR1p150 is critically required to suppress MDA5 activation, yet the editing signature of all ADAR isoforms is strongly overlapping in mice. Further, it is not clear how A-to-I modifications in dsRNA prevent MDA5 activation. Here we show that 3′ UTRs harboring inverted repeats activate MDA5 in vitro and in cells. In vitro editing by either ADAR isoform leads to editing at overlapping hotspot regions and prevents MDA5 activation in vitro and in cells. Remarkably, only inosines introduced by RNA editing are capable of suppressing MDA5 activation, while replacing guanosines with inosines during in vitro transcription has no impact on MDA5 activation. A comparison of inosines introduced by ADAR1p150 in vitro, in cells, and in vivo suggests that a small number of A-to-I conversions may be critically required to suppress MDA5 activation. As those critical editing events are predominantly altering A:U basepairs into I:U wobble basepairs, we suggest that the helical distortion introduced by those wobble pairs may prevent MDA5 polymerization and thus downstream activation of the type I interferon response. acknowledgement: This work was supported by Austrian Science Fund project F80-07 to M.F.J., F80-03 to C.B., and ZK57-B28 to C.V.; National Health and Medical Research Council Australia (NHMRC; GNT2018098 to C.R.W.). The work was supported in part by the Victorian State Government Operational Infrastructure Support Scheme to St Vincent’s Institute and Hudson Institute of Medical Research. R.V. and A.L. were supported by Doc Fund/DOC32 of the Austrian Science Fund. Funding to pay the Open Access publication charges for this article was provided by Austrian Science Fund. For open access purposes, the author has applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission. article_number: gkag845 article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original author: - first_name: Rajagopal full_name: Varada, Rajagopal last_name: Varada - first_name: Alina F. full_name: Leuchtenberger, Alina F. last_name: Leuchtenberger - first_name: Cornelia full_name: Vesely, Cornelia last_name: Vesely - first_name: Beata M full_name: Kaczmarek, Beata M id: 36FA4AFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kaczmarek - first_name: Hamid full_name: Mansouri Khosravi, Hamid last_name: Mansouri Khosravi - first_name: Therese C. full_name: Mandl, Therese C. last_name: Mandl - first_name: Katarina full_name: Milanovic, Katarina last_name: Milanovic - first_name: Kasra full_name: Honarmand Tamizkar, Kasra last_name: Honarmand Tamizkar - first_name: Vinod full_name: Rajendra, Vinod last_name: Rajendra - first_name: Hannes full_name: Senoner, Hannes last_name: Senoner - first_name: Linda full_name: Steinbichl, Linda last_name: Steinbichl - first_name: Marija full_name: Borojevic, Marija last_name: Borojevic - first_name: Andy full_name: Sombke, Andy last_name: Sombke - first_name: Katy full_name: Schmidt, Katy last_name: Schmidt - first_name: Margret full_name: Eckhard, Margret last_name: Eckhard - first_name: Ivo L. full_name: Hofacker, Ivo L. last_name: Hofacker - first_name: Carl full_name: Walkley, Carl last_name: Walkley - first_name: Jacki E. full_name: Heraud-Farlow, Jacki E. last_name: Heraud-Farlow - first_name: Ernesto full_name: Picardi, Ernesto last_name: Picardi - first_name: Carrie A full_name: Bernecky, Carrie A id: 2CB9DFE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Bernecky orcid: 0000-0003-0893-7036 - first_name: Michael F. full_name: Jantsch, Michael F. last_name: Jantsch citation: ama: Varada R, Leuchtenberger AF, Vesely C, et al. Distinguishing self from non-self RNA by editing-specific inosine patterns. Nucleic Acids Research. 2026;54(16). doi:10.1093/nar/gkag845 apa: Varada, R., Leuchtenberger, A. F., Vesely, C., Kaczmarek, B. M., Mansouri Khosravi, H., Mandl, T. C., … Jantsch, M. F. (2026). Distinguishing self from non-self RNA by editing-specific inosine patterns. Nucleic Acids Research. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkag845 chicago: Varada, Rajagopal, Alina F. Leuchtenberger, Cornelia Vesely, Beata M Kaczmarek, Hamid Mansouri Khosravi, Therese C. Mandl, Katarina Milanovic, et al. “Distinguishing Self from Non-Self RNA by Editing-Specific Inosine Patterns.” Nucleic Acids Research. Oxford University Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkag845. ieee: R. Varada et al., “Distinguishing self from non-self RNA by editing-specific inosine patterns,” Nucleic Acids Research, vol. 54, no. 16. Oxford University Press, 2026. ista: Varada R, Leuchtenberger AF, Vesely C, Kaczmarek BM, Mansouri Khosravi H, Mandl TC, Milanovic K, Honarmand Tamizkar K, Rajendra V, Senoner H, Steinbichl L, Borojevic M, Sombke A, Schmidt K, Eckhard M, Hofacker IL, Walkley C, Heraud-Farlow JE, Picardi E, Bernecky C, Jantsch MF. 2026. Distinguishing self from non-self RNA by editing-specific inosine patterns. Nucleic Acids Research. 54(16), gkag845. mla: Varada, Rajagopal, et al. “Distinguishing Self from Non-Self RNA by Editing-Specific Inosine Patterns.” Nucleic Acids Research, vol. 54, no. 16, gkag845, Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:10.1093/nar/gkag845. short: R. Varada, A.F. Leuchtenberger, C. Vesely, B.M. Kaczmarek, H. Mansouri Khosravi, T.C. Mandl, K. Milanovic, K. Honarmand Tamizkar, V. Rajendra, H. Senoner, L. Steinbichl, M. Borojevic, A. Sombke, K. Schmidt, M. Eckhard, I.L. Hofacker, C. Walkley, J.E. Heraud-Farlow, E. Picardi, C. Bernecky, M.F. Jantsch, Nucleic Acids Research 54 (2026). das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: "Sequencing data has been deposited at GEO and is available under accession number GSE293616.\r\nEditing analysis of protected dsRNA is available in GitHub, https://github.com/BioinfoUNIBA/Mouse-dsRNA-mda5, and Zenodo, https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.17876716." date_created: 2026-08-30T22:01:44Z date_published: 2026-09-09T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T11:31:04Z day: '09' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: CaBe - _id: GradSch doi: 10.1093/nar/gkag845 external_id: pmid: - '42635125' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 319904a237f73dcc55daa4a56baa98fa content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-09T11:29:49Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T11:29:49Z file_id: '22872' file_name: 2026_NucleicAcidsResearch_Varada.pdf file_size: 6016116 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-09T11:29:49Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1093/nar/gkag845 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 54' issue: '16' language: - iso: eng month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 8dc144d4-16d5-11f0-9cad-9d9e86aea1f7 grant_number: F8003 name: 'RNAdeco: decorating RNA for a purpose/ P03- Roles of A-to-I editing in dsRNA recognition' publication: Nucleic Acids Research publication_identifier: eissn: - 1362-4962 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: yes scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: yes title: Distinguishing self from non-self RNA by editing-specific inosine patterns tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 54 year: '2026' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold _id: '22814' abstract: - lang: eng text: "We present a study of a pseudo little red dot with no metal lines (Pseudo-LRD-NOM), a highly magnified lowmass galaxy behind the lensing cluster A370 at z = 5.96. We classify this object as a pseudo-LRD because its red\r\nrest-frame optical color is contaminated by a prominent Hα line (with EW0 ≳ 800 Å) present in its JWST\r\nNIRSpec spectrum. Hα is dominated by a narrow component and also has a minor broad component indicative of\r\nan active black hole with MBH ≈ 5.6 × 10^6 M⊙. A narrow Hβ emission line is also detected (where the signal-tonoise ratio, S/N, is 8), producing a Balmer decrement (narrow) Hα/Hβ = 11. The rest-frame UV spectral slope is ßspec/uv = - 1.20 ± 0.28. All these features can be ascribed to high dust attenuation. However, no [O III]λ5007 or\r\nany other metal lines are detected in the spectrum, so [O III]5007/Hβ < 0.25, at odds with a simple dust attenuation explanation. Accounting for all the spectral properties requires the model of a starburst with moderate\r\ncolor excess E(B − V )≈0.2–0.5, high gas density (nH ≳ 10^6 cm^−3\r\n), and low- to extremely-low gas/stellar\r\nmetallicities (Z = 0.01–0.1 Z⊙). The demagnified stellar mass is\r\n× 2.25+\r\n0\r\n1\r\n.\r\n.\r\n8\r\n3\r\n3\r\n0 10^7 M , and the stellar-mass surface\r\ndensity is = +\r\n* 418 M pc 310\r\n725 2, similar to that of massive/nuclear star clusters. Pseudo-LRD-NOM provides\r\nevidence of massive black-hole growth occurring in a high-density, dusty starburst that is at the early stages of its\r\nchemical enrichment, and is likely a precursor to a real LRD." acknowledgement: "We are grateful to Daniela Calzetti, Andrea Ferrara, Kohei Inayoshi, Roberto Maiolino, Gabriele Pezzulli, Fengwu Sun, and Z. Yan for useful discussions; José M. Diego for providing us the most updated magnification value for our source; Raphael Hviding for making his Python package unite public and instructing us regarding its use; and Elka Rusta and Stefania Salvadori for providing us their galaxy SED models with hybrid Pop III stellar populations. We also thank the anonymous referee for a useful and constructive report.\r\n\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with the JWST GTO program PID 1208. The specific observations analyzed here can be accessed via doi:10.17909/pyr9-5r43. Some of the analyzed data products were retrieved from the Dawn JWST Archive (DJA). DJA is an initiative of the Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN), which is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. This work is also based on observations made with the NASA/ESA Hubble Space Telescope obtained from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 526555.\r\n\r\nK.I.C. and R.N.C. acknowledge funding from the Dutch Research Council (NWO) through the award of the Vici grant VI.C.212.036." article_number: '203' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Karina I. full_name: Caputi, Karina I. last_name: Caputi - first_name: Ryan A. full_name: Cooper, Ryan A. last_name: Cooper - first_name: Pierluigi full_name: Rinaldi, Pierluigi last_name: Rinaldi - first_name: Rafael full_name: Navarro-Carrera, Rafael last_name: Navarro-Carrera - first_name: Edoardo full_name: Iani, Edoardo id: 4053390a-6b68-11ef-9828-a3b8adef8d0a last_name: Iani orcid: 0000-0001-8386-3546 - first_name: Abigail A. full_name: Tumborang, Abigail A. last_name: Tumborang citation: ama: 'Caputi KI, Cooper RA, Rinaldi P, Navarro-Carrera R, Iani E, Tumborang AA. Pseudo Little Red Dot: An active black hole embedded in a dense and dusty, metal-poor starburst galaxy at z = 5.96. The Astrophysical Journal. 2026;1007(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae80b9' apa: 'Caputi, K. I., Cooper, R. A., Rinaldi, P., Navarro-Carrera, R., Iani, E., & Tumborang, A. A. (2026). Pseudo Little Red Dot: An active black hole embedded in a dense and dusty, metal-poor starburst galaxy at z = 5.96. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae80b9' chicago: 'Caputi, Karina I., Ryan A. Cooper, Pierluigi Rinaldi, Rafael Navarro-Carrera, Edoardo Iani, and Abigail A. Tumborang. “Pseudo Little Red Dot: An Active Black Hole Embedded in a Dense and Dusty, Metal-Poor Starburst Galaxy at z = 5.96.” The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing, 2026. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae80b9.' ieee: 'K. I. Caputi, R. A. Cooper, P. Rinaldi, R. Navarro-Carrera, E. Iani, and A. A. Tumborang, “Pseudo Little Red Dot: An active black hole embedded in a dense and dusty, metal-poor starburst galaxy at z = 5.96,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 1007, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2026.' ista: 'Caputi KI, Cooper RA, Rinaldi P, Navarro-Carrera R, Iani E, Tumborang AA. 2026. Pseudo Little Red Dot: An active black hole embedded in a dense and dusty, metal-poor starburst galaxy at z = 5.96. The Astrophysical Journal. 1007(2), 203.' mla: 'Caputi, Karina I., et al. “Pseudo Little Red Dot: An Active Black Hole Embedded in a Dense and Dusty, Metal-Poor Starburst Galaxy at z = 5.96.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 1007, no. 2, 203, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae80b9.' short: K.I. Caputi, R.A. Cooper, P. Rinaldi, R. Navarro-Carrera, E. Iani, A.A. Tumborang, The Astrophysical Journal 1007 (2026). das_tickbox: '0' date_created: 2026-09-06T22:01:56Z date_published: 2026-08-20T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T12:19:54Z day: '20' ddc: - '520' department: - _id: JoMa doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae80b9 external_id: arxiv: - '2601.11466' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: cf878372382ac61b22f679b558bb4e4e content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-09-09T12:19:36Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T12:19:36Z file_id: '22887' file_name: 2026_AstrophysicalJour_Caputi.pdf file_size: 2636477 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-09-09T12:19:36Z fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae80b9 has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 1007' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: The Astrophysical Journal publication_identifier: eissn: - 1538-4357 issn: - 0004-637X publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: no scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: no title: 'Pseudo Little Red Dot: An active black hole embedded in a dense and dusty, metal-poor starburst galaxy at z = 5.96' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 1007 year: '2026' ... --- OA_type: closed access _id: '22812' abstract: - lang: eng text: Efficient data structures for computing the cutset of a set of nodes in a graph undergoing dynamic edge insertions/deletions are well-studied in undirected graphs. We study this problem in directed graphs and show a reduction from the Online Boolean Matrix-Vector Multiplication Conjecture (OMv) introduced by Henzinger et al. [STOC’15]. We prove conditional on OMv that a dynamic data structure computing the directed cutset of a set of nodes cannot have an amortized time of both O(n2−ε) for a query operation and O(n1−ε) for an update operation, for any constant ε > 0, even when an adversary’s operations are restricted to the incremental or decremental settings. We further give algorithms to match these lower bounds. acknowledgement: This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101034413 and from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (MoDynStruct, No. 101019564) Image 1 dummy alt text. Zofia Stefankovic was partially supported by the ISTernship program of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria and OEAD. article_number: '106663' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Niklas full_name: Hahn, Niklas id: 0a01c7b2-b823-11ed-9928-cc3f874f9ffd last_name: Hahn - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Zofia full_name: Stefankovic, Zofia last_name: Stefankovic citation: ama: Hahn N, Henzinger M, Stefankovic Z. Tight bounds on the performance of dynamic directed cutset data structures based on OMv. Information Processing Letters. 2026;195. doi:10.1016/j.ipl.2026.106663 apa: Hahn, N., Henzinger, M., & Stefankovic, Z. (2026). Tight bounds on the performance of dynamic directed cutset data structures based on OMv. Information Processing Letters. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipl.2026.106663 chicago: Hahn, Niklas, Monika Henzinger, and Zofia Stefankovic. “Tight Bounds on the Performance of Dynamic Directed Cutset Data Structures Based on OMv.” Information Processing Letters. Elsevier, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipl.2026.106663. ieee: N. Hahn, M. Henzinger, and Z. Stefankovic, “Tight bounds on the performance of dynamic directed cutset data structures based on OMv,” Information Processing Letters, vol. 195. Elsevier, 2026. ista: Hahn N, Henzinger M, Stefankovic Z. 2026. Tight bounds on the performance of dynamic directed cutset data structures based on OMv. Information Processing Letters. 195, 106663. mla: Hahn, Niklas, et al. “Tight Bounds on the Performance of Dynamic Directed Cutset Data Structures Based on OMv.” Information Processing Letters, vol. 195, 106663, Elsevier, 2026, doi:10.1016/j.ipl.2026.106663. short: N. Hahn, M. Henzinger, Z. Stefankovic, Information Processing Letters 195 (2026). das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: No data was used for the research described in the article. date_created: 2026-09-06T22:01:55Z date_published: 2026-08-30T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-09-09T11:55:47Z day: '30' department: - _id: MoHe doi: 10.1016/j.ipl.2026.106663 ec_funded: 1 fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ipl.2026.106663 intvolume: ' 195' keyword: - Dynamic algorithms - Graph algorithms - Directed graphs - Lower bounds - Upper bounds language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa_version: None project: - _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101034413' name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program' - _id: bd9ca328-d553-11ed-ba76-dc4f890cfe62 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101019564' name: The design and evaluation of modern fully dynamic data structures publication: Information Processing Letters publication_identifier: issn: - 0020-0190 publication_status: epub_ahead publisher: Elsevier quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: no scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: no title: Tight bounds on the performance of dynamic directed cutset data structures based on OMv type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 195 year: '2026' ...