--- OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold _id: '21089' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'Hypertrace logic is a sorted first-order logic with separate sorts for time and execution traces. Its formulas specify hyperproperties, which are properties relating multiple traces. In this work, we extend hypertrace logic by introducing trace quantifiers that range over the set of all possible traces. In this extended logic, formulas can quantify over two kinds of trace variables: constrained trace variables, which range over a fixed set of traces defined by the model, and unconstrained trace variables, which can be assigned to any trace. In comparison, hyperlogics such as HyperLTL have only constrained trace quantifiers. We use hypertrace logic to study how different quantifier patterns affect the decidability of the satisfiability problem. We prove that hypertrace logic without constrained trace quantifiers is equivalent to monadic second-order logic of one successor (S1S), and therefore satisfiable, and that the trace-prefixed fragment (all trace quantifiers precede all time quantifiers) is equivalent to HyperQPTL. Moreover, we show that all hypertrace formulas where the only alternation between constrained trace quantifiers is from an existential to a universal quantifier are equisatisfiable to formulas without constraints on their trace variables and, therefore, decidable as well. Our framework allows us to study also time-prefixed hyperlogics, for which we provide new decidability and undecidability results.' acknowledgement: This work was supported in part by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) SFB project SpyCoDe 10.55776/F85 and by the ERC Advanced Grant VAMOS 101020093. alternative_title: - LIPIcs article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Marek full_name: Chalupa, Marek id: 87e34708-d6c6-11ec-9f5b-9391e7be2463 last_name: Chalupa - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Ana A full_name: Oliveira da Costa, Ana A id: 8b282559-50b0-11ef-861e-d6ace0d92e9b last_name: Oliveira da Costa citation: ama: 'Chalupa M, Henzinger TA, Oliveira da Costa AA. Flavors of quantifiers in hyperlogics. In: 45th Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science. Vol 360. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2025:20:1-20:18. doi:10.4230/LIPICS.FSTTCS.2025.20' apa: 'Chalupa, M., Henzinger, T. A., & Oliveira da Costa, A. A. (2025). Flavors of quantifiers in hyperlogics. In 45th Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science (Vol. 360, p. 20:1-20:18). Pilani, India: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.FSTTCS.2025.20' chicago: Chalupa, Marek, Thomas A Henzinger, and Ana A Oliveira da Costa. “Flavors of Quantifiers in Hyperlogics.” In 45th Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, 360:20:1-20:18. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPICS.FSTTCS.2025.20. ieee: M. Chalupa, T. A. Henzinger, and A. A. Oliveira da Costa, “Flavors of quantifiers in hyperlogics,” in 45th Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, Pilani, India, 2025, vol. 360, p. 20:1-20:18. ista: 'Chalupa M, Henzinger TA, Oliveira da Costa AA. 2025. Flavors of quantifiers in hyperlogics. 45th Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science. FSTTCS: Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, LIPIcs, vol. 360, 20:1-20:18.' mla: Chalupa, Marek, et al. “Flavors of Quantifiers in Hyperlogics.” 45th Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, vol. 360, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2025, p. 20:1-20:18, doi:10.4230/LIPICS.FSTTCS.2025.20. short: M. Chalupa, T.A. Henzinger, A.A. Oliveira da Costa, in:, 45th Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2025, p. 20:1-20:18. conference: end_date: 2025-12-19 location: Pilani, India name: 'FSTTCS: Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science' start_date: 2025-12-17 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-01-29T15:39:15Z date_published: 2025-12-09T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-11T09:35:04Z day: '09' ddc: - '000' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.4230/LIPICS.FSTTCS.2025.20 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2510.12298' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 8188ee5c7b14193d48eeb655e9bbdc47 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-11T09:33:20Z date_updated: 2026-02-11T09:33:20Z file_id: '21213' file_name: 2025_LIPIcS_Chalupa.pdf file_size: 933970 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-11T09:33:20Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 360' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 20:1-20:18 project: - _id: 34a1b658-11ca-11ed-8bc3-c75229f0241e grant_number: F8502 name: Interface Theory for Security and Privacy - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software publication: 45th Annual Conference on Foundations of Software Technology and Theoretical Computer Science publication_status: published publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Flavors of quantifiers in hyperlogics tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 360 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '21090' abstract: - lang: eng text: Fairness in AI is traditionally studied as a static property evaluated once, over a fixed dataset. However, real-world AI systems operate sequentially, with outcomes and environments evolving over time. This paper proposes a framework for analysing fairness as a runtime property. Using a minimal yet expressive model based on sequences of coin tosses with possibly evolving biases, we study the problems of monitoring and enforcing fairness expressed in either toss outcomes or coin biases. Since there is no one-size-fits-all solution for either problem, we provide a summary of monitoring and enforcement strategies, parametrised by environment dynamics, prediction horizon, and confidence thresholds. For both problems, we present general results under simple or minimal assumptions. We survey existing solutions for the monitoring problem for Markovian and additive dynamics, and existing solutions for the enforcement problem in static settings with known dynamics. acknowledgement: 'This work is supported by the European Research Council under Grant No.: ERC-2020-AdG 101020093.' alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Filip full_name: Cano Cordoba, Filip id: 708cad98-e86a-11ef-8098-bdae2d7c6af1 last_name: Cano Cordoba orcid: 0000-0002-0783-904X - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Konstantin full_name: Kueffner, Konstantin id: 8121a2d0-dc85-11ea-9058-af578f3b4515 last_name: Kueffner orcid: 0000-0001-8974-2542 citation: ama: 'Cano Cordoba F, Henzinger TA, Kueffner K. Algorithmic fairness: A runtime perspective. In: 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification. Vol 16087. Springer Nature; 2025:1-21. doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_1' apa: 'Cano Cordoba, F., Henzinger, T. A., & Kueffner, K. (2025). Algorithmic fairness: A runtime perspective. In 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification (Vol. 16087, pp. 1–21). Graz, Austria: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_1' chicago: 'Cano Cordoba, Filip, Thomas A Henzinger, and Konstantin Kueffner. “Algorithmic Fairness: A Runtime Perspective.” In 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, 16087:1–21. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_1.' ieee: 'F. Cano Cordoba, T. A. Henzinger, and K. Kueffner, “Algorithmic fairness: A runtime perspective,” in 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, Graz, Austria, 2025, vol. 16087, pp. 1–21.' ista: 'Cano Cordoba F, Henzinger TA, Kueffner K. 2025. Algorithmic fairness: A runtime perspective. 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification. RV: Runtime Verification, LNCS, vol. 16087, 1–21.' mla: 'Cano Cordoba, Filip, et al. “Algorithmic Fairness: A Runtime Perspective.” 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, vol. 16087, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 1–21, doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_1.' short: F. Cano Cordoba, T.A. Henzinger, K. Kueffner, in:, 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 1–21. conference: end_date: 2025-09-19 location: Graz, Austria name: 'RV: Runtime Verification' start_date: 2025-09-15 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-01-29T16:01:41Z date_published: 2025-09-13T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-16T11:57:00Z day: '13' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_1 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2507.20711' intvolume: ' 16087' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.20711 month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 1-21 project: - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software publication: 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783032054357' eissn: - 1611-3349 issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'Algorithmic fairness: A runtime perspective' type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16087 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '21091' abstract: - lang: eng text: Neural certificates have emerged as a powerful tool in cyber-physical systems control, providing witnesses of correctness. These certificates, such as barrier functions, often learned alongside control policies, once verified, serve as mathematical proofs of system safety. However, traditional formal verification of their defining conditions typically faces scalability challenges due to exhaustive state-space exploration. To address this challenge, we propose a lightweight runtime monitoring framework that integrates real-time verification and does not require access to the underlying control policy. Our monitor observes the system during deployment and performs on-the-fly verification of the certificate over a lookahead region to ensure safety within a finite prediction horizon. We instantiate this framework for ReLU-based control barrier functions and demonstrate its practical effectiveness in a case study. Our approach enables timely detection of safety violations and incorrect certificates with minimal overhead, providing an effective but lightweight alternative to the static verification of the certificates. acknowledgement: 'This work is supported by the European Research Council under Grant No.: ERC-2020-AdG 101020093.' alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Konstantin full_name: Kueffner, Konstantin id: 8121a2d0-dc85-11ea-9058-af578f3b4515 last_name: Kueffner orcid: 0000-0001-8974-2542 - first_name: Zhengqi full_name: Yu, Zhengqi id: 20aa2ae8-f2f1-11ed-bbfa-8205053f1342 last_name: Yu orcid: 0000-0002-4993-773X citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Kueffner K, Yu E. Formal verification of neural certificates done dynamically. In: 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification. Vol 16087. Springer Nature; 2025:54-72. doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_4' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Kueffner, K., & Yu, E. (2025). Formal verification of neural certificates done dynamically. In 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification (Vol. 16087, pp. 54–72). Graz, Austria: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_4' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Konstantin Kueffner, and Emily Yu. “Formal Verification of Neural Certificates Done Dynamically.” In 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, 16087:54–72. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_4. ieee: T. A. Henzinger, K. Kueffner, and E. Yu, “Formal verification of neural certificates done dynamically,” in 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, Graz, Austria, 2025, vol. 16087, pp. 54–72. ista: 'Henzinger TA, Kueffner K, Yu E. 2025. Formal verification of neural certificates done dynamically. 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification. RV: Runtime Verification, LNCS, vol. 16087, 54–72.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Formal Verification of Neural Certificates Done Dynamically.” 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, vol. 16087, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 54–72, doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_4. short: T.A. Henzinger, K. Kueffner, E. Yu, in:, 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 54–72. conference: end_date: 2025-09-19 location: Graz, Austria name: 'RV: Runtime Verification' start_date: 2025-09-15 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-01-29T16:03:01Z date_published: 2025-09-13T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-16T11:53:25Z day: '13' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_4 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2507.11987' intvolume: ' 16087' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2507.11987 month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 54-72 project: - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software publication: 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783032054357' eissn: - 1611-3349 issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Formal verification of neural certificates done dynamically type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16087 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '21092' abstract: - lang: eng text: Formal verification provides assurances that a probabilistic system satisfies its specification—conditioned on the system model being aligned with reality. We propose alignment monitoring to watch that this assumption is justified. We consider a probabilistic model well aligned if it accurately predicts the behaviour of an uncertain system in advance. An alignment score measures this by quantifying the similarity between the model’s predicted and the system’s (unknown) actual distributions. An alignment monitor observes the system at runtime; at each point in time it uses the current state and the model to predict the next state. After the next state is observed, the monitor updates the verdict, which is a high-probability interval estimate for the true alignment score. We utilize tools from sequential forecasting to construct our alignment monitors. Besides a monitor for measuring the expected alignment score, we introduce a differential alignment monitor, designed for comparing two models, and a weighted alignment monitor, which permits task-specific alignment monitoring. We evaluate our monitors experimentally on the PRISM benchmark suite. They are fast, memory-efficient, and detect misalignment early. acknowledgement: 'This work is supported by the European Research Council under Grant No.: ERC-2020-AdG 101020093.' alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Konstantin full_name: Kueffner, Konstantin id: 8121a2d0-dc85-11ea-9058-af578f3b4515 last_name: Kueffner orcid: 0000-0001-8974-2542 - first_name: Vasu full_name: Singh, Vasu id: 4DAE2708-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Singh - first_name: I full_name: Sun, I last_name: Sun citation: ama: 'Henzinger TA, Kueffner K, Singh V, Sun I. Alignment monitoring. In: 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification. Vol 16087. Springer Nature; 2025:140-159. doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_9' apa: 'Henzinger, T. A., Kueffner, K., Singh, V., & Sun, I. (2025). Alignment monitoring. In 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification (Vol. 16087, pp. 140–159). Graz, Austria: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_9' chicago: Henzinger, Thomas A, Konstantin Kueffner, Vasu Singh, and I Sun. “Alignment Monitoring.” In 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, 16087:140–59. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_9. ieee: T. A. Henzinger, K. Kueffner, V. Singh, and I. Sun, “Alignment monitoring,” in 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, Graz, Austria, 2025, vol. 16087, pp. 140–159. ista: 'Henzinger TA, Kueffner K, Singh V, Sun I. 2025. Alignment monitoring. 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification. RV: Runtime Verification, LNCS, vol. 16087, 140–159.' mla: Henzinger, Thomas A., et al. “Alignment Monitoring.” 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, vol. 16087, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 140–59, doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_9. short: T.A. Henzinger, K. Kueffner, V. Singh, I. Sun, in:, 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 140–159. conference: end_date: 2025-09-19 location: Graz, Austria name: 'RV: Runtime Verification' start_date: 2025-09-15 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-01-29T16:03:43Z date_published: 2025-09-13T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-16T11:56:38Z day: '13' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_9 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2508.00021' intvolume: ' 16087' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.00021 month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 140-159 project: - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software publication: 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783032054357' eissn: - 1611-3349 issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Alignment monitoring type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16087 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '21093' abstract: - lang: eng text: We propose a monitoring approach for hyperproperties where the system’s observations range over infinite domains. The specifications are given as formulas of symbolic hypernode logic, an extension of earlier versions of hypernode logic that supports events with data. We demonstrate how to translate terms of symbolic hypernode logic into multi-tape symbolic transducers and we present a monitoring algorithm for universally quantified formulas that is based on this translation. We evaluate our approach against the previous approach for monitoring hypernode logic, and we also compare it to other monitors for hyperproperties. acknowledgement: This work was supported in part by the ERC-2020-AdG 101020093 and in part by the FWF-2022-SFB F8502 (SPyCoDe). alternative_title: - LNCS article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Marek full_name: Chalupa, Marek id: 87e34708-d6c6-11ec-9f5b-9391e7be2463 last_name: Chalupa - first_name: Thomas A full_name: Henzinger, Thomas A id: 40876CD8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-2985-7724 - first_name: Ana A full_name: Oliveira da Costa, Ana A id: 8b282559-50b0-11ef-861e-d6ace0d92e9b last_name: Oliveira da Costa citation: ama: 'Chalupa M, Henzinger TA, Oliveira da Costa AA. Monitoring hypernode logic over infinite domains. In: 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification. Vol 16087. Springer Nature; 2025:417-437. doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_23' apa: 'Chalupa, M., Henzinger, T. A., & Oliveira da Costa, A. A. (2025). Monitoring hypernode logic over infinite domains. In 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification (Vol. 16087, pp. 417–437). Graz, Austria: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_23' chicago: Chalupa, Marek, Thomas A Henzinger, and Ana A Oliveira da Costa. “Monitoring Hypernode Logic over Infinite Domains.” In 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, 16087:417–37. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_23. ieee: M. Chalupa, T. A. Henzinger, and A. A. Oliveira da Costa, “Monitoring hypernode logic over infinite domains,” in 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, Graz, Austria, 2025, vol. 16087, pp. 417–437. ista: 'Chalupa M, Henzinger TA, Oliveira da Costa AA. 2025. Monitoring hypernode logic over infinite domains. 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification. RV: Runtime Verification, LNCS, vol. 16087, 417–437.' mla: Chalupa, Marek, et al. “Monitoring Hypernode Logic over Infinite Domains.” 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, vol. 16087, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 417–37, doi:10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_23. short: M. Chalupa, T.A. Henzinger, A.A. Oliveira da Costa, in:, 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification, Springer Nature, 2025, pp. 417–437. conference: end_date: 2025-09-19 location: Graz, Austria name: 'RV: Runtime Verification' start_date: 2025-09-15 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-01-29T16:04:31Z date_published: 2025-09-13T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-16T11:59:20Z day: '13' department: - _id: ToHe doi: 10.1007/978-3-032-05435-7_23 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2508.02301' intvolume: ' 16087' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.02301 month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint page: 417-437 project: - _id: 62781420-2b32-11ec-9570-8d9b63373d4d call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020093' name: Vigilant Algorithmic Monitoring of Software - _id: 34a1b658-11ca-11ed-8bc3-c75229f0241e grant_number: F8502 name: Interface Theory for Security and Privacy publication: 25th International Conference on Runtime Verification publication_identifier: eisbn: - '9783032054357' eissn: - 1611-3349 issn: - 0302-9743 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Monitoring hypernode logic over infinite domains type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 16087 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21121' abstract: - lang: eng text: The relation between the masses of supermassive black holes (SMBHs) and their host galaxies encodes information on their mode of growth, especially at the earliest epochs. The James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has opened such investigations by detecting the host galaxies of active galactic nuclei (AGN) and more luminous quasars within the first billion years of the Universe (z ≳ 6). Here, we evaluate the relation between the mass of SMBHs and the total stellar mass of their host galaxies using a sample of nine quasars at 6.18 ≤ z ≤ 6.4 from the Subaru High-z Exploration of Low-luminosity Quasars survey with NIRCam and NIRSpec observations. We find that the observed location of these quasars in the SMBH–galaxy mass plane (logMBH/M 8–9; logM*/M 9.5–11) is consistent with a nonevolving intrinsic mass relation with dispersion (0.80 +0.23 -0.28 dex) higher than the local value (∼0.3–0.4 dex) of their more massive descendants. Our analysis is based on a forward model of systematics and includes a consideration of the impact of selection effects and measurement uncertainties with an assumption on the slope of the mass relation. While degeneracies between parameters persist, the best-fit solution has a reasonable AGN fraction (2.3%) of galaxies at z ∼ 6 with an actively growing UV-unobscured black hole. In particular, models with a substantially higher normalisation in MBH would require an unrealistically low intrinsic dispersion (∼0.22 dex). Consequently, our results predict a large population of AGN at lower black hole masses, as are now just starting to be discovered in focused efforts with JWST. acknowledgement: 'This work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with programs GO #1967 and GO #3859. The specific observations analyzed can be accessed via DOI: 10.17909/719q-cn32. Support for these programs was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127. This work was supported by World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. This work used computing resources at Kavli IPMU. J.S. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI (JP22H01262). M.O. is supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI grant No. 24K22894. Y.M. was supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI grant No. 21H04494. M.V. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark via grant numbers DFF 8021-00130 and 3103-00146 and from the Carlsberg Foundation via grant CF23-0417. S.E.I.B. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Emmy Noether grant number BO 5771/1-1. K.I. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12073003, 11721303, 11991052). K.I. acknowledges support under the grant PID2022-136827NB-C44 provided by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 / FEDER, UE. A.L. acknowledges support from PRIN MUR 2022— Project “2022935STW.” J.T.S. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)—project number 518006966. F.W. acknowledges support from NSF award AST-2513040. M.H. acknowledges support from the FNS under the SNSF starting grant 218032. B.T. acknowledges support from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement number 950533) and from the Excellence Cluster ORIGINS, which is funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation) under Germany’s Excellence Strategy—EXC 2094—390783311.' article_number: L67 article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: John David full_name: Silverman, John David last_name: Silverman - first_name: Junyao full_name: Li, Junyao last_name: Li - first_name: Xuheng full_name: Ding, Xuheng last_name: Ding - first_name: Masafusa full_name: Onoue, Masafusa last_name: Onoue - first_name: Michael A. full_name: Strauss, Michael A. last_name: Strauss - first_name: Yoshiki full_name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki last_name: Matsuoka - first_name: Takuma full_name: Izumi, Takuma last_name: Izumi - first_name: Knud full_name: Jahnke, Knud last_name: Jahnke - first_name: Tommaso full_name: Treu, Tommaso last_name: Treu - first_name: Marta full_name: Volonteri, Marta last_name: Volonteri - first_name: Camryn L. full_name: Phillips, Camryn L. last_name: Phillips - first_name: Irham T. full_name: Andika, Irham T. last_name: Andika - first_name: Kentaro full_name: Aoki, Kentaro last_name: Aoki - first_name: Junya full_name: Arita, Junya last_name: Arita - first_name: Shunsuke full_name: Baba, Shunsuke last_name: Baba - first_name: Sarah E. I. full_name: Bosman, Sarah E. I. last_name: Bosman - first_name: Anna-Christina full_name: Eilers, Anna-Christina last_name: Eilers - first_name: Xiaohui full_name: Fan, Xiaohui last_name: Fan - first_name: Seiji full_name: Fujimoto, Seiji last_name: Fujimoto - first_name: Melanie full_name: Habouzit, Melanie last_name: Habouzit - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 - first_name: Masatoshi full_name: Imanishi, Masatoshi last_name: Imanishi - first_name: Kohei full_name: Inayoshi, Kohei last_name: Inayoshi - first_name: Kazushi full_name: Iwasawa, Kazushi last_name: Iwasawa - first_name: Nobunari full_name: Kashikawa, Nobunari last_name: Kashikawa - first_name: Toshihiro full_name: Kawaguchi, Toshihiro last_name: Kawaguchi - first_name: Chien-Hsiu full_name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu last_name: Lee - first_name: Alessandro full_name: Lupi, Alessandro last_name: Lupi - first_name: Tohru full_name: Nagao, Tohru last_name: Nagao - first_name: Jan-Torge full_name: Schindler, Jan-Torge last_name: Schindler - first_name: Malte full_name: Schramm, Malte last_name: Schramm - first_name: Kazuhiro full_name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro last_name: Shimasaku - first_name: Yoshiki full_name: Toba, Yoshiki last_name: Toba - first_name: Benny full_name: Trakhtenbrot, Benny last_name: Trakhtenbrot - first_name: Hideki full_name: Umehata, Hideki last_name: Umehata - first_name: Marianne full_name: Vestergaard, Marianne last_name: Vestergaard - first_name: Fabian full_name: Walter, Fabian last_name: Walter - first_name: Feige full_name: Wang, Feige last_name: Wang - first_name: Jinyi full_name: Yang, Jinyi last_name: Yang citation: ama: Silverman JD, Li J, Ding X, et al. SHELLQs–JWST perspective on the intrinsic mass relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at z > 6. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 2025;995(2). doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae279c apa: Silverman, J. D., Li, J., Ding, X., Onoue, M., Strauss, M. A., Matsuoka, Y., … Yang, J. (2025). SHELLQs–JWST perspective on the intrinsic mass relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at z > 6. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae279c chicago: Silverman, John David, Junyao Li, Xuheng Ding, Masafusa Onoue, Michael A. Strauss, Yoshiki Matsuoka, Takuma Izumi, et al. “SHELLQs–JWST Perspective on the Intrinsic Mass Relation between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies at z > 6.” The Astrophysical Journal Letters. IOP Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae279c. ieee: J. D. Silverman et al., “SHELLQs–JWST perspective on the intrinsic mass relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at z > 6,” The Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 995, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2025. ista: Silverman JD, Li J, Ding X, Onoue M, Strauss MA, Matsuoka Y, Izumi T, Jahnke K, Treu T, Volonteri M, Phillips CL, Andika IT, Aoki K, Arita J, Baba S, Bosman SEI, Eilers A-C, Fan X, Fujimoto S, Habouzit M, Haiman Z, Imanishi M, Inayoshi K, Iwasawa K, Kashikawa N, Kawaguchi T, Lee C-H, Lupi A, Nagao T, Schindler J-T, Schramm M, Shimasaku K, Toba Y, Trakhtenbrot B, Umehata H, Vestergaard M, Walter F, Wang F, Yang J. 2025. SHELLQs–JWST perspective on the intrinsic mass relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at z > 6. The Astrophysical Journal Letters. 995(2), L67. mla: Silverman, John David, et al. “SHELLQs–JWST Perspective on the Intrinsic Mass Relation between Supermassive Black Holes and Their Host Galaxies at z > 6.” The Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 995, no. 2, L67, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae279c. short: J.D. Silverman, J. Li, X. Ding, M. Onoue, M.A. Strauss, Y. Matsuoka, T. Izumi, K. Jahnke, T. Treu, M. Volonteri, C.L. Phillips, I.T. Andika, K. Aoki, J. Arita, S. Baba, S.E.I. Bosman, A.-C. Eilers, X. Fan, S. Fujimoto, M. Habouzit, Z. Haiman, M. Imanishi, K. Inayoshi, K. Iwasawa, N. Kashikawa, T. Kawaguchi, C.-H. Lee, A. Lupi, T. Nagao, J.-T. Schindler, M. Schramm, K. Shimasaku, Y. Toba, B. Trakhtenbrot, H. Umehata, M. Vestergaard, F. Walter, F. Wang, J. Yang, The Astrophysical Journal Letters 995 (2025). date_created: 2026-01-31T09:27:53Z date_published: 2025-12-17T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:02:39Z day: '17' ddc: - '520' department: - _id: ZoHa doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ae279c external_id: arxiv: - '2507.23066' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: e38c0c444be9c1507eec28c62ce04cbc content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-10T06:56:37Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T06:56:37Z file_id: '21202' file_name: 2025_AstrophysicalJounalLetters_Silvermann.pdf file_size: 997137 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-10T06:56:37Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 995' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: The Astrophysical Journal Letters publication_identifier: eissn: - 2041-8213 issn: - 2041-8205 publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: SHELLQs–JWST perspective on the intrinsic mass relation between supermassive black holes and their host galaxies at z > 6 tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 995 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21122' abstract: - lang: eng text: The multimessenger combination of gravitational waves (GWs) from merging massive black hole binaries (MBHBs) and the electromagnetic (EM) counterpart from the surrounding circumbinary disc (CBD) will open avenues to new scientific pursuits. In order to realize this science, we need to correctly localize the host galaxy of the merging MBHB. Multiwavelength, time-dependent EM signatures can greatly facilitate the identification of the unique EM counterpart among many sources in LISA’s localization volume. To this end, we studied merging unequal-mass MBHBs embedded in a CBD using high-resolution 2D simulations, with a $\Gamma$-law equation of state, incorporating viscous heating, shock heating, and radiative cooling. We simulate each binary starting from before it decouples from the CBD until just after the merger. We compute EM signatures and identify distinct features before, during, and after the merger. We corroborate previous findings of a several orders of magnitude drop in the thermal X-ray luminosity near the time of merger, but with delayed timing compared to an equal-mass system. The source remains X-ray dark for hours post-merger. Our main results are a potential new signature of a sharp spike in the thermal X-ray emission just before the tell-tale steep drop occurs. This feature may further help to identify EM counterparts of LISA’s unequal MBHBs before merger without the need for extensive pre-merger monitoring. Additionally, we find a role-reversal in which the primary out-accretes the secondary during late inspiral, which may diminish signatures originating from Doppler modulation. acknowledgement: 'We acknowledge support from the Nationale Wetenschapsagenda Roadmap grant ‘Gravitational Waves Laser Interferometer Space Antenna/Einstein Telescope: Shivers from the Deep Universe: A National Infrastructure for Gravitational Wave Research’ (LMK), National Science Foundation grant AST-2006176 (ZH), and National Aeronautics and Space Administration Astrophysics Theory Program grant 80NSSC22K0822 (AM and ZH). JD was supported by National Aeronautics and Space Administration through the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51552.001A, awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Incorporated, under National Aeronautics and Space Administration contract NAS5-26555. This research was supported in part by the National Science Foundation under grant no. NSF PHY-1748958. This research has made use of National Aeronautics and Space Administration’s Astrophysics Data System. Resources supporting this work were provided by the National Aeronautics and Space Administration High-End Computing (HEC) Program through the National Aeronautics and Space Administration Advanced Supercomputing (NAS) Division at Ames Research Center. Software: python (Oliphant 2007; Millman & Aivazis 2011), scipy (Jones et al. 2001), numpy (van der Walt, Colbert & Varoquaux 2011), and matplotlib (Hunter 2007).' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Luke Major full_name: Krauth, Luke Major last_name: Krauth - first_name: Jordy full_name: Davelaar, Jordy last_name: Davelaar - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 - first_name: John Ryan full_name: Westernacher-Schneider, John Ryan last_name: Westernacher-Schneider - first_name: Jonathan full_name: Zrake, Jonathan last_name: Zrake - first_name: Andrew full_name: MacFadyen, Andrew last_name: MacFadyen citation: ama: Krauth LM, Davelaar J, Haiman Z, Westernacher-Schneider JR, Zrake J, MacFadyen A. Thermal X-ray signatures in late-stage unequal-mass massive black hole binary mergers. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2025;543(3):2670-2685. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1583 apa: Krauth, L. M., Davelaar, J., Haiman, Z., Westernacher-Schneider, J. R., Zrake, J., & MacFadyen, A. (2025). Thermal X-ray signatures in late-stage unequal-mass massive black hole binary mergers. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf1583 chicago: Krauth, Luke Major, Jordy Davelaar, Zoltán Haiman, John Ryan Westernacher-Schneider, Jonathan Zrake, and Andrew MacFadyen. “Thermal X-Ray Signatures in Late-Stage Unequal-Mass Massive Black Hole Binary Mergers.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf1583. ieee: L. M. Krauth, J. Davelaar, Z. Haiman, J. R. Westernacher-Schneider, J. Zrake, and A. MacFadyen, “Thermal X-ray signatures in late-stage unequal-mass massive black hole binary mergers,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 543, no. 3. Oxford University Press, pp. 2670–2685, 2025. ista: Krauth LM, Davelaar J, Haiman Z, Westernacher-Schneider JR, Zrake J, MacFadyen A. 2025. Thermal X-ray signatures in late-stage unequal-mass massive black hole binary mergers. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 543(3), 2670–2685. mla: Krauth, Luke Major, et al. “Thermal X-Ray Signatures in Late-Stage Unequal-Mass Massive Black Hole Binary Mergers.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 543, no. 3, Oxford University Press, 2025, pp. 2670–85, doi:10.1093/mnras/staf1583. short: L.M. Krauth, J. Davelaar, Z. Haiman, J.R. Westernacher-Schneider, J. Zrake, A. MacFadyen, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 543 (2025) 2670–2685. date_created: 2026-01-31T09:28:28Z date_published: 2025-11-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:10:21Z day: '01' ddc: - '520' department: - _id: ZoHa doi: 10.1093/mnras/staf1583 external_id: arxiv: - '2503.01494' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: f9b4c6a606df9493f6eb6af5ebcca6db content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-10T07:07:17Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:07:17Z file_id: '21203' file_name: 2025_MonthlyNoticesRAS_Krauth.pdf file_size: 3689696 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:07:17Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 543' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 2670-2685 publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society publication_identifier: eissn: - 1365-2966 issn: - 0035-8711 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Thermal X-ray signatures in late-stage unequal-mass massive black hole binary mergers tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 543 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21123' abstract: - lang: eng text: We present a study of the late-time interaction between supermassive black hole binaries and retrograde circumbinary disks during the period of gravitational wave-driven inspiral. While mergers in prograde disks have received extensive study, retrograde disks offer distinct dynamics that could promote mergers and produce unique observational signatures. Through 2D numerical hydrodynamical simulations, we explore the process of binary-disk decoupling, where the binary’s orbital decay rate is faster than the disk’s viscous response rate. We find the point of decoupling to be comparable in prograde and retrograde disks, suggesting that any associated electromagnetic (EM) signatures will be produced at comparable times preceding the merger. However, we find smaller central cavities for retrograde disks, likely leading to higher-frequency EM emissions and shorter postmerger rebrightening timescales compared to their prograde counterparts. Retrograde disks form intrabinary bridges, which are prone to instabilities when the viscosity is low. These instabilities manifest as quasiperiodic flares in the accretion rate, which may produce distinctive EM signatures for retrograde disks. acknowledgement: 'D.J.D., C.T., and D.O.N. acknowledge support from the Danish Independent Research Fund through Sapere Aude Starting grant No. 121587, led by D.J.D. We are grateful to the anonymous referee for the insightful comments and suggestions for improving the manuscript. This work was also supported in part by the LISA Preparatory Science Program (LPS) through NASA grant 80NSSC24K0440, by NASA Astrophysics Theory Program (ATP) grant 80NSSC22K0822, and by the European Union’s Horizon research and innovation program under Marie Sklodowska-Curie grant agreement No. 101148364. This work made use of the following software packages: Sailfish (J. Zrake & A. MacFadyen 2024), numpy (C. R. Harris et al. 2020), Python (G. Van Rossum & F. L. Drake 2009), and scipy (P. Virtanen et al. 2020; R. Gommers et al. 2024). Software citation information aggregated using The Software Citation Station (T. Wagg & F. S. Broekgaarden 2024; T. Wagg et al. 2024). The Tycho supercomputer hosted at the SCIENCE HPC center at the University of Copenhagen was used in this work.' article_number: '206' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: David full_name: O’Neill, David last_name: O’Neill - first_name: Christopher full_name: Tiede, Christopher last_name: Tiede - first_name: Daniel J. full_name: D’Orazio, Daniel J. last_name: D’Orazio - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 - first_name: Andrew full_name: MacFadyen, Andrew last_name: MacFadyen citation: ama: O’Neill D, Tiede C, D’Orazio DJ, Haiman Z, MacFadyen A. Gravitational wave decoupling in retrograde circumbinary disks. The Astrophysical Journal. 2025;993(2). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae0ca8 apa: O’Neill, D., Tiede, C., D’Orazio, D. J., Haiman, Z., & MacFadyen, A. (2025). Gravitational wave decoupling in retrograde circumbinary disks. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae0ca8 chicago: O’Neill, David, Christopher Tiede, Daniel J. D’Orazio, Zoltán Haiman, and Andrew MacFadyen. “Gravitational Wave Decoupling in Retrograde Circumbinary Disks.” The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae0ca8. ieee: D. O’Neill, C. Tiede, D. J. D’Orazio, Z. Haiman, and A. MacFadyen, “Gravitational wave decoupling in retrograde circumbinary disks,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 993, no. 2. IOP Publishing, 2025. ista: O’Neill D, Tiede C, D’Orazio DJ, Haiman Z, MacFadyen A. 2025. Gravitational wave decoupling in retrograde circumbinary disks. The Astrophysical Journal. 993(2), 206. mla: O’Neill, David, et al. “Gravitational Wave Decoupling in Retrograde Circumbinary Disks.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 993, no. 2, 206, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae0ca8. short: D. O’Neill, C. Tiede, D.J. D’Orazio, Z. Haiman, A. MacFadyen, The Astrophysical Journal 993 (2025). date_created: 2026-01-31T09:28:50Z date_published: 2025-11-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:22:28Z day: '05' ddc: - '520' department: - _id: ZoHa doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae0ca8 external_id: arxiv: - '2501.11679' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 65d0a3af314b5706407ad1b57a4ea89d content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-10T07:19:52Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:19:52Z file_id: '21205' file_name: 2025_AstrophysicalJournal_ONeill.pdf file_size: 8071909 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:19:52Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 993' issue: '2' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: The Astrophysical Journal publication_identifier: eissn: - 1538-4357 issn: - 0004-637X publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Gravitational wave decoupling in retrograde circumbinary disks tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 993 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21124' abstract: - lang: eng text: The advent of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has opened new horizons in the study of quasar host galaxies during the reionization epoch (z > 6). Building upon our previous initial measurements of stellar light from two quasar host galaxies at these redshifts, we now report the detection of the stellar light from the full Cycle 1 sample of 12 distant moderate-luminosity quasar (M1450 > −24 mag) host galaxies at z > 6 from the Hyper Suprime-Cam Subaru Strategic Program. Using JWST/NIRCam observations at 1.5 and 3.6 μm combined with 2D image decomposition analysis, we successfully detect the host galaxies in 11 of the 12 targets, underscoring the high detection rates achievable with moderate-luminosity quasars. Based on two-band photometry and spectral energy distribution fitting, we find that our host galaxies are massive, with log M*/M⊙ = 9.5–11.0. The effective radii range from 0.6 to 3.2 kpc, comparable to the sizes of inactive galaxies with similar masses at z ∼ 6 as measured with imaging from COSMOS-Web. Intriguingly, the two quasar hosts with post-starburst features, which reside at the high-mass end of our sample and exhibit relatively compact morphologies, have similar size and stellar mass surface densities to quiescent galaxies at z ∼ 4–5. These findings suggest that the so-called galaxy compaction scenario is already in place at the reionization epoch, in which gas inflows during starburst phases drive centrally concentrated star formation followed by rapid quenching, bridging the structural transition of massive galaxies from relatively extended star-forming disks to compact quiescent systems. acknowledgement: "We sincerely thank Xiaohui Fan and Shenli Tang for their valuable discussions and insightful suggestions.\r\n\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the NASA/ESA/CSA JWST. The data were obtained from the Mikulski Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with programs GO #1967, GO #3859, and GO #1727. Support for these programs was provided by NASA through a grant from the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-03127. This work was supported by the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. This work used computing resources at Kavli IPMU. All the JWST data used in this paper can be found in MAST: doi:10.17909/hqaf-an74.\r\n\r\nSupport for this work was provided by NASA through grant JWST-GO-01727 awarded by the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under NASA contract NAS 5-26555. X.D. is supported by Wuhan University's Double First-Class funding. M.O. is supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI grant No. G24K22894. Y.M. is supported by the Japan Society for the Promotion of Science (JSPS) KAKENHI grant No. 21H04494. S.E.I.B. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG) under Emmy Noether grant No. B.O. 5771/1-1. J.S. is supported by JSPS KAKENHI (JP22H01262) and the World Premier International Research Center Initiative (WPI), MEXT, Japan. K.I. acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12073003, 11721303, 11991052). A.L. acknowledges support from PRIN MUR 2022—Project “2022935STW” J.T.S. is supported by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation)—Project No. 518006966. M.V. gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Independent Research Fund Denmark via grant Nos. DFF 8021-00130 and 3103-00146. K.I. acknowledges support under grant PID2022-136827NB-C44 provided by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033/FEDER, UE. F.W. acknowledges support from NSF award AST-2513040." article_number: '91' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Xuheng full_name: Ding, Xuheng last_name: Ding - first_name: Masafusa full_name: Onoue, Masafusa last_name: Onoue - first_name: John D. full_name: Silverman, John D. last_name: Silverman - first_name: Yoshiki full_name: Matsuoka, Yoshiki last_name: Matsuoka - first_name: Takuma full_name: Izumi, Takuma last_name: Izumi - first_name: Michael A. full_name: Strauss, Michael A. last_name: Strauss - first_name: Lilan full_name: Yang, Lilan last_name: Yang - first_name: Knud full_name: Jahnke, Knud last_name: Jahnke - first_name: Camryn L. full_name: Phillips, Camryn L. last_name: Phillips - first_name: Tommaso full_name: Treu, Tommaso last_name: Treu - first_name: Irham T. full_name: Andika, Irham T. last_name: Andika - first_name: Kentaro full_name: Aoki, Kentaro last_name: Aoki - first_name: Junya full_name: Arita, Junya last_name: Arita - first_name: Shunsuke full_name: Baba, Shunsuke last_name: Baba - first_name: Sarah E. I. full_name: Bosman, Sarah E. I. last_name: Bosman - first_name: Anna-Christina full_name: Eilers, Anna-Christina last_name: Eilers - first_name: Seiji full_name: Fujimoto, Seiji last_name: Fujimoto - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 - first_name: Masatoshi full_name: Imanishi, Masatoshi last_name: Imanishi - first_name: Kohei full_name: Inayoshi, Kohei last_name: Inayoshi - first_name: Kazushi full_name: Iwasawa, Kazushi last_name: Iwasawa - first_name: Jeyhan full_name: Kartaltepe, Jeyhan last_name: Kartaltepe - first_name: Nobunari full_name: Kashikawa, Nobunari last_name: Kashikawa - first_name: Toshihiro full_name: Kawaguchi, Toshihiro last_name: Kawaguchi - first_name: Junyao full_name: Li, Junyao last_name: Li - first_name: Chien-Hsiu full_name: Lee, Chien-Hsiu last_name: Lee - first_name: Alessandro full_name: Lupi, Alessandro last_name: Lupi - first_name: Jan-Torge full_name: Schindler, Jan-Torge last_name: Schindler - first_name: Malte full_name: Schramm, Malte last_name: Schramm - first_name: Kazuhiro full_name: Shimasaku, Kazuhiro last_name: Shimasaku - first_name: Marko full_name: Shuntov, Marko last_name: Shuntov - first_name: Takumi S. full_name: Tanaka, Takumi S. last_name: Tanaka - first_name: Yoshiki full_name: Toba, Yoshiki last_name: Toba - first_name: Benny full_name: Trakhtenbrot, Benny last_name: Trakhtenbrot - first_name: Hideki full_name: Umehata, Hideki last_name: Umehata - first_name: Marianne full_name: Vestergaard, Marianne last_name: Vestergaard - first_name: Feige full_name: Wang, Feige last_name: Wang - first_name: Jinyi full_name: Yang, Jinyi last_name: Yang citation: ama: Ding X, Onoue M, Silverman JD, et al. SHELLQs-JWST unveils the host galaxies of 12 quasars at z > 6. The Astrophysical Journal. 2025;993(1). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae045b apa: Ding, X., Onoue, M., Silverman, J. D., Matsuoka, Y., Izumi, T., Strauss, M. A., … Yang, J. (2025). SHELLQs-JWST unveils the host galaxies of 12 quasars at z > 6. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae045b chicago: Ding, Xuheng, Masafusa Onoue, John D. Silverman, Yoshiki Matsuoka, Takuma Izumi, Michael A. Strauss, Lilan Yang, et al. “SHELLQs-JWST Unveils the Host Galaxies of 12 Quasars at z > 6.” The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae045b. ieee: X. Ding et al., “SHELLQs-JWST unveils the host galaxies of 12 quasars at z > 6,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 993, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2025. ista: Ding X, Onoue M, Silverman JD, Matsuoka Y, Izumi T, Strauss MA, Yang L, Jahnke K, Phillips CL, Treu T, Andika IT, Aoki K, Arita J, Baba S, Bosman SEI, Eilers A-C, Fujimoto S, Haiman Z, Imanishi M, Inayoshi K, Iwasawa K, Kartaltepe J, Kashikawa N, Kawaguchi T, Li J, Lee C-H, Lupi A, Schindler J-T, Schramm M, Shimasaku K, Shuntov M, Tanaka TS, Toba Y, Trakhtenbrot B, Umehata H, Vestergaard M, Wang F, Yang J. 2025. SHELLQs-JWST unveils the host galaxies of 12 quasars at z > 6. The Astrophysical Journal. 993(1), 91. mla: Ding, Xuheng, et al. “SHELLQs-JWST Unveils the Host Galaxies of 12 Quasars at z > 6.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 993, no. 1, 91, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae045b. short: X. Ding, M. Onoue, J.D. Silverman, Y. Matsuoka, T. Izumi, M.A. Strauss, L. Yang, K. Jahnke, C.L. Phillips, T. Treu, I.T. Andika, K. Aoki, J. Arita, S. Baba, S.E.I. Bosman, A.-C. Eilers, S. Fujimoto, Z. Haiman, M. Imanishi, K. Inayoshi, K. Iwasawa, J. Kartaltepe, N. Kashikawa, T. Kawaguchi, J. Li, C.-H. Lee, A. Lupi, J.-T. Schindler, M. Schramm, K. Shimasaku, M. Shuntov, T.S. Tanaka, Y. Toba, B. Trakhtenbrot, H. Umehata, M. Vestergaard, F. Wang, J. Yang, The Astrophysical Journal 993 (2025). date_created: 2026-01-31T09:29:11Z date_published: 2025-10-28T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:44:42Z day: '28' ddc: - '520' department: - _id: ZoHa doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae045b external_id: arxiv: - '2505.03876' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 36decd55832a270ce62086c1a279a254 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-10T07:42:21Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:42:21Z file_id: '21206' file_name: 2025_AstrophysicalJournal_Ding.pdf file_size: 10064937 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-10T07:42:21Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 993' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: The Astrophysical Journal publication_identifier: eissn: - 1538-4357 issn: - 0004-637X publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: SHELLQs-JWST unveils the host galaxies of 12 quasars at z > 6 tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 993 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '21125' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich effect (tSZ) is a sensitive probe of cosmology, as it traces the abundance of galaxy clusters and groups in the late-time Universe. Upcoming cosmic microwave background experiments such as the Simons Observatory (SO) and CMB-S4 will provide low-noise and high-resolution component-separated tSZ maps covering a large sky fraction. The tSZ signal is highly non-Gaussian; therefore, higher-order statistics are needed to optimally extract information from these maps. In this work, we study the cosmological constraining power of several tSZ statistics—Minkowski functionals (MFs), peaks, minima, and moments—that have yielded promising results in capturing non-Gaussian information from other cosmological data. Using a large suite of halo-model-based tSZ simulations with varying Ω\U0001D450 and \U0001D70E8 (154 cosmologies and over 800,000 maps, each 10.5×10.5  deg2), we show that by combining these observables, we can achieve \ ≈29 × tighter constraints compared to using the tSZ power spectrum alone in an idealized noiseless case, with the MFs dominating the constraints. We show that much of the MF constraining power arises from halos below the detection threshold of cluster surveys, suggesting promising synergies with cluster-count analyses. Finally, we demonstrate that these statistics have the potential to deliver tight constraints even in the presence of noise. For example, using post-component-separation tSZ noise expected for SO, we obtain ≈1.6 × and ≈1.8 × tighter constraints than the power spectrum with MFs and all statistics combined, respectively. We show that the constraints from MFs approach the noiseless case for white-noise levels ≲1  \U0001D707⁢K−arcmin." article_number: '103536' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Alina full_name: Sabyr, Alina last_name: Sabyr - first_name: J. Colin full_name: Hill, J. Colin last_name: Hill - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 citation: ama: 'Sabyr A, Hill JC, Haiman Z. Constraining cosmology with thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich maps: Minkowski functionals, peaks, minima, and moments. Physical Review D. 2025;111(10). doi:10.1103/physrevd.111.103536' apa: 'Sabyr, A., Hill, J. C., & Haiman, Z. (2025). Constraining cosmology with thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich maps: Minkowski functionals, peaks, minima, and moments. Physical Review D. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.103536' chicago: 'Sabyr, Alina, J. Colin Hill, and Zoltán Haiman. “Constraining Cosmology with Thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Maps: Minkowski Functionals, Peaks, Minima, and Moments.” Physical Review D. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.103536.' ieee: 'A. Sabyr, J. C. Hill, and Z. Haiman, “Constraining cosmology with thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich maps: Minkowski functionals, peaks, minima, and moments,” Physical Review D, vol. 111, no. 10. American Physical Society, 2025.' ista: 'Sabyr A, Hill JC, Haiman Z. 2025. Constraining cosmology with thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich maps: Minkowski functionals, peaks, minima, and moments. Physical Review D. 111(10), 103536.' mla: 'Sabyr, Alina, et al. “Constraining Cosmology with Thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich Maps: Minkowski Functionals, Peaks, Minima, and Moments.” Physical Review D, vol. 111, no. 10, 103536, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/physrevd.111.103536.' short: A. Sabyr, J.C. Hill, Z. Haiman, Physical Review D 111 (2025). date_created: 2026-01-31T09:29:24Z date_published: 2025-05-28T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T08:11:17Z day: '28' doi: 10.1103/physrevd.111.103536 extern: '1' external_id: arxiv: - '2410.21247' intvolume: ' 111' issue: '10' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.21247 month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint publication: Physical Review D publication_identifier: eissn: - 2470-0029 issn: - 2470-0010 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'Constraining cosmology with thermal Sunyaev-Zel’dovich maps: Minkowski functionals, peaks, minima, and moments' type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 111 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '21126' abstract: - lang: eng text: Subparsec supermassive black hole (SMBH) binaries are expected to be common in active galactic nuclei as a result of the hierarchical buildup of galaxies via mergers. While direct evidence for these compact binaries is lacking, a few hundred candidates have been identified, most based on the apparent periodicities of their optical light curves. Since these signatures can be mimicked by active galactic nuclei red noise, additional evidence is needed to confirm their binary nature. Recurring self-lensing flares, occurring whenever the two BHs are aligned with the line of sight within their Einstein radii, have been suggested as additional binary signatures. Furthermore, in many cases, lensing flares are also predicted to contain a “dip,” whenever the lensed SMBH’s shadow is comparable in angular size to the binary’s Einstein radius. This feature would unambiguously confirm binaries and additionally identify SMBH shadows that are spatially unresolvable by high-resolution Very Long Baseline Interferometry (VLBI). Here we estimate the number of quasars for which these dips may be detectable by Legacy Survey of Space and Time (LSST) by extrapolating the quasar luminosity function to faint magnitudes and assuming that SMBH binaries are randomly oriented and have mass ratios following those in the Illustris simulations. Under plausible assumptions about quasar lifetimes, binary fractions, and Eddington ratios, we expect tens of thousands of detectable flares, of which several dozen contain measurable dips. article_number: '063011' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Kevin full_name: Park, Kevin last_name: Park - first_name: Chengcheng full_name: Xin, Chengcheng last_name: Xin - first_name: Jordy full_name: Davelaar, Jordy last_name: Davelaar - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 citation: ama: Park K, Xin C, Davelaar J, Haiman Z. Self-lensing flares from black hole binaries. IV. The number of detectable shadows. Physical Review D. 2025;111(6). doi:10.1103/physrevd.111.063011 apa: Park, K., Xin, C., Davelaar, J., & Haiman, Z. (2025). Self-lensing flares from black hole binaries. IV. The number of detectable shadows. Physical Review D. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.063011 chicago: Park, Kevin, Chengcheng Xin, Jordy Davelaar, and Zoltán Haiman. “Self-Lensing Flares from Black Hole Binaries. IV. The Number of Detectable Shadows.” Physical Review D. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevd.111.063011. ieee: K. Park, C. Xin, J. Davelaar, and Z. Haiman, “Self-lensing flares from black hole binaries. IV. The number of detectable shadows,” Physical Review D, vol. 111, no. 6. American Physical Society, 2025. ista: Park K, Xin C, Davelaar J, Haiman Z. 2025. Self-lensing flares from black hole binaries. IV. The number of detectable shadows. Physical Review D. 111(6), 063011. mla: Park, Kevin, et al. “Self-Lensing Flares from Black Hole Binaries. IV. The Number of Detectable Shadows.” Physical Review D, vol. 111, no. 6, 063011, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/physrevd.111.063011. short: K. Park, C. Xin, J. Davelaar, Z. Haiman, Physical Review D 111 (2025). date_created: 2026-01-31T09:29:42Z date_published: 2025-03-04T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T08:14:10Z day: '04' doi: 10.1103/physrevd.111.063011 extern: '1' external_id: arxiv: - '2409.04583' intvolume: ' 111' issue: '6' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.04583 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint publication: Physical Review D publication_identifier: eissn: - 2470-0029 issn: - 2470-0010 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Self-lensing flares from black hole binaries. IV. The number of detectable shadows type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 111 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21127' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The early growth of black holes (BHs) in atomic-cooling haloes is likely influenced by feedback on the surrounding gas. While the effects of radiative feedback are well-documented, mechanical feedback, particularly from active galactic nucleus (AGN) jets, has been comparatively less explored. Building on our previous work that examined the growth of a 100 M BH in a constant density environment regulated by AGN jets, we expand the initial BH mass range from 1 to 104 M and adopt a more realistic density profile for atomic-cooling haloes. We reaffirm the validity of our analytic models for jet cocoon propagation and feedback regulation. We identify several critical radii – namely, the terminal radius of jet cocoon propagation, the isotropization radius of the jet cocoon, and the core radius of the atomic-cooling halo – that are crucial in determining BH growth given specific gas properties and jet feedback parameters. In a significant portion of the parameter space, our findings show that jet feedback substantially disrupts the halo’s core during the initial feedback episode, preventing BH growth beyond 104 M.\r\nConversely, conditions characterized by low jet velocities and high gas densities enable sustained BH growth over extended periods. We provide a prediction for the BH mass growth as a function of time and feedback parameters. We found that, to form a supermassive BH (> 106 M) within 1 Gyr entirely by accreting gas from an atomic-cooling halo, the jet energy feedback\r\nefficiency must be 10−4M˙ BHc2 even if the seed BH mass is 104 M." article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Kung-Yi full_name: Su, Kung-Yi last_name: Su - first_name: Greg L full_name: Bryan, Greg L last_name: Bryan - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 citation: ama: 'Su K-Y, Bryan GL, Haiman Z. Self-regulation of high-redshift black hole accretion via jets: Challenges for SMBH formation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2025;538(1):11-30. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf228' apa: 'Su, K.-Y., Bryan, G. L., & Haiman, Z. (2025). Self-regulation of high-redshift black hole accretion via jets: Challenges for SMBH formation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf228' chicago: 'Su, Kung-Yi, Greg L Bryan, and Zoltán Haiman. “Self-Regulation of High-Redshift Black Hole Accretion via Jets: Challenges for SMBH Formation.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf228.' ieee: 'K.-Y. Su, G. L. Bryan, and Z. Haiman, “Self-regulation of high-redshift black hole accretion via jets: Challenges for SMBH formation,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 538, no. 1. Oxford University Press, pp. 11–30, 2025.' ista: 'Su K-Y, Bryan GL, Haiman Z. 2025. Self-regulation of high-redshift black hole accretion via jets: Challenges for SMBH formation. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 538(1), 11–30.' mla: 'Su, Kung-Yi, et al. “Self-Regulation of High-Redshift Black Hole Accretion via Jets: Challenges for SMBH Formation.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 538, no. 1, Oxford University Press, 2025, pp. 11–30, doi:10.1093/mnras/staf228.' short: K.-Y. Su, G.L. Bryan, Z. Haiman, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 538 (2025) 11–30. date_created: 2026-01-31T09:29:59Z date_published: 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T08:36:54Z day: '01' ddc: - '520' doi: 10.1093/mnras/staf228 extern: '1' external_id: arxiv: - '2409.12250' has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 538' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf228 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 11-30 publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society publication_identifier: eissn: - 1365-2966 issn: - 0035-8711 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'Self-regulation of high-redshift black hole accretion via jets: Challenges for SMBH formation' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 538 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21128' abstract: - lang: eng text: The brightest steady sources of radiation in the universe, active galactic nuclei (AGNs), are powered by gas accretion on to a central supermassive black hole (SMBH). The large sizes and accretion rates implicated in AGN accretion discs are expected to lead to gravitational instability and fragmentation, effectively cutting off mass inflow to the SMBH. Radiative feedback from disc-embedded stars has been invoked to yield marginally stable, steady-state solutions in the outer discs. Here, we examine the consequences of this star formation with a semi-analytical model in which stellar-mass black hole (sBH) remnants in the disc provide an additional source of stabilizing radiative feedback. Assuming star formation seeds the embedded sBH population, we model the time-evolving feedback from both stars and the growing population of accreting sBHs. We find that in the outer disc, the luminosity of the sBHs quickly dominates that of their parent stars. However, because sBHs consume less gas than stars to stabilize the disc, the presence of the sBHs enhances the mass flux to the inner disc. As a result, star formation persists over the lifetime of the AGN, damped in the outer disc, but amplified in a narrow ring in the inner disc. Heating from the embedded sBHs significantly modifies the disc’s temperature profile and hardens its spectral energy distribution, and direct emission from the sBHs adds a new hard X-ray component. article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Marguerite full_name: Epstein-Martin, Marguerite last_name: Epstein-Martin - first_name: Hiromichi full_name: Tagawa, Hiromichi last_name: Tagawa - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 - first_name: Rosalba full_name: Perna, Rosalba last_name: Perna citation: ama: Epstein-Martin M, Tagawa H, Haiman Z, Perna R. Time-dependent models of AGN discs with radiation from embedded stellar-mass black holes. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 2025;537(4):3396-3420. doi:10.1093/mnras/staf237 apa: Epstein-Martin, M., Tagawa, H., Haiman, Z., & Perna, R. (2025). Time-dependent models of AGN discs with radiation from embedded stellar-mass black holes. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf237 chicago: Epstein-Martin, Marguerite, Hiromichi Tagawa, Zoltán Haiman, and Rosalba Perna. “Time-Dependent Models of AGN Discs with Radiation from Embedded Stellar-Mass Black Holes.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. Oxford University Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf237. ieee: M. Epstein-Martin, H. Tagawa, Z. Haiman, and R. Perna, “Time-dependent models of AGN discs with radiation from embedded stellar-mass black holes,” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 537, no. 4. Oxford University Press, pp. 3396–3420, 2025. ista: Epstein-Martin M, Tagawa H, Haiman Z, Perna R. 2025. Time-dependent models of AGN discs with radiation from embedded stellar-mass black holes. Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society. 537(4), 3396–3420. mla: Epstein-Martin, Marguerite, et al. “Time-Dependent Models of AGN Discs with Radiation from Embedded Stellar-Mass Black Holes.” Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society, vol. 537, no. 4, Oxford University Press, 2025, pp. 3396–420, doi:10.1093/mnras/staf237. short: M. Epstein-Martin, H. Tagawa, Z. Haiman, R. Perna, Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society 537 (2025) 3396–3420. date_created: 2026-01-31T09:30:19Z date_published: 2025-03-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T09:00:44Z day: '01' ddc: - '520' doi: 10.1093/mnras/staf237 extern: '1' external_id: arxiv: - '2405.09380' has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 537' issue: '4' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1093/mnras/staf237 month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 3396-3420 publication: Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society publication_identifier: eissn: - 1365-2966 issn: - 0035-8711 publication_status: published publisher: Oxford University Press quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Time-dependent models of AGN discs with radiation from embedded stellar-mass black holes tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 537 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21129' abstract: - lang: eng text: Recent hydrodynamical simulations have shown that circumbinary gas disks drive the orbits of massive binary black holes (BHs) to become eccentric, even when general relativistic (GR) corrections to the orbit are significant. Here, we study the GR apsidal precession of eccentric equal-mass massive binary BHs in circumbinary disks via two-dimensional hydrodynamical simulations. We perform a suite of simulations comparing precessing and nonprecessing binaries across a range of eccentricities, semimajor axes, and precession rates. We find that the GR precession of the binary’s semimajor axis can introduce a dominant modulation in the binary’s accretion rate and the corresponding high-energy electromagnetic light curves. We discuss the conditions under which this occurs and its detailed characteristics and mechanism. Finally, we discuss the potential to observe these precession signatures in electromagnetic- and gravitational-wave observations, as well as the precession signal’s unique importance as a potential tool to constrain the mass, eccentricity, and semimajor axis of binary merger events. article_number: '55' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Stanislav full_name: DeLaurentiis, Stanislav last_name: DeLaurentiis - first_name: Zoltán full_name: Haiman, Zoltán id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36 last_name: Haiman orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403 - first_name: John Ryan full_name: Westernacher-Schneider, John Ryan last_name: Westernacher-Schneider - first_name: Luke Major full_name: Krauth, Luke Major last_name: Krauth - first_name: Jordy full_name: Davelaar, Jordy last_name: Davelaar - first_name: Jonathan full_name: Zrake, Jonathan last_name: Zrake - first_name: Andrew full_name: MacFadyen, Andrew last_name: MacFadyen citation: ama: 'DeLaurentiis S, Haiman Z, Westernacher-Schneider JR, et al. Relativistic binary precession: Impact on eccentric massive binary black hole accretion and hydrodynamics. The Astrophysical Journal. 2025;980(1). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ada612' apa: 'DeLaurentiis, S., Haiman, Z., Westernacher-Schneider, J. R., Krauth, L. M., Davelaar, J., Zrake, J., & MacFadyen, A. (2025). Relativistic binary precession: Impact on eccentric massive binary black hole accretion and hydrodynamics. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada612' chicago: 'DeLaurentiis, Stanislav, Zoltán Haiman, John Ryan Westernacher-Schneider, Luke Major Krauth, Jordy Davelaar, Jonathan Zrake, and Andrew MacFadyen. “Relativistic Binary Precession: Impact on Eccentric Massive Binary Black Hole Accretion and Hydrodynamics.” The Astrophysical Journal. IOP Publishing, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada612.' ieee: 'S. DeLaurentiis et al., “Relativistic binary precession: Impact on eccentric massive binary black hole accretion and hydrodynamics,” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 980, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2025.' ista: 'DeLaurentiis S, Haiman Z, Westernacher-Schneider JR, Krauth LM, Davelaar J, Zrake J, MacFadyen A. 2025. Relativistic binary precession: Impact on eccentric massive binary black hole accretion and hydrodynamics. The Astrophysical Journal. 980(1), 55.' mla: 'DeLaurentiis, Stanislav, et al. “Relativistic Binary Precession: Impact on Eccentric Massive Binary Black Hole Accretion and Hydrodynamics.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 980, no. 1, 55, IOP Publishing, 2025, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ada612.' short: S. DeLaurentiis, Z. Haiman, J.R. Westernacher-Schneider, L.M. Krauth, J. Davelaar, J. Zrake, A. MacFadyen, The Astrophysical Journal 980 (2025). date_created: 2026-01-31T09:30:34Z date_published: 2025-02-04T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T09:06:07Z day: '04' doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ada612 extern: '1' external_id: arxiv: - '2405.07897' intvolume: ' 980' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ada612 month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: The Astrophysical Journal publication_identifier: eissn: - 1538-4357 issn: - 0004-637X publication_status: published publisher: IOP Publishing quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: 'Relativistic binary precession: Impact on eccentric massive binary black hole accretion and hydrodynamics' type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 980 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21131' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Introduction: Parkinson’s disease (PD) impairs motor preparation due to basal ganglia dysfunction, contributing to motor deficits. Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation (GVS), a non-invasive neuromodulation technique, shows promise in enhancing motor function in PD, but its underlying neural mechanisms are poorly understood. This study employs a Deep Koopman model to linearize and analyze preparatory EEG dynamics in PD, hypothesizing that GVS restores cortical activity patterns critical for motor planning.\r\nMethods: EEG data from 18 PD participants (on/off medication) and 18 healthy controls were collected during a preparatory phase of a motor task under three conditions: sham, GVS1 (50–100 Hz multi-sine), and GVS2 (100–150 Hz multi-sine). A Deep Koopman framework mapped EEG signals into a three-dimensional latent space for linear dynamical analysis. Temporal dynamics were assessed via eigenvalue analysis, spatial contributions via regression-based scalp mapping, and motor performance correlations via Pearson’s coefficients. A Linear Quadratic Regulator (LQR) simulated control of PD dynamics toward healthy patterns.\r\nResults: The Deep Koopman model accurately captured EEG dynamics, with eigenvalue analysis showing no significant temporal dynamic differences across groups. Spatial contribution analysis revealed that PD-Off sham conditions deviated most from healthy control EEG patterns, while GVS and medication significantly reduced these deviations, aligning PD patterns closer to controls. Closer alignment correlated with improved motor performance metrics, including reduced reaction and squeeze times. LQR control effectively guided PD neural dynamics toward healthy trajectories in the latent space.\r\nDiscussion: GVS enhances motor preparation in PD by restoring healthy cortical EEG patterns, with additive benefits from dopaminergic medication. The Deep Koopman framework offers a powerful approach for dissecting complex EEG dynamics and designing targeted neuromodulation strategies. These findings elucidate GVS’s therapeutic mechanisms and highlight its potential for personalized PD interventions, warranting further exploration in larger cohorts and varied stimulation protocols." article_number: '1566566' article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Maryam full_name: Kia, Maryam last_name: Kia - first_name: Maryam S. full_name: Mirian, Maryam S. last_name: Mirian - first_name: Saeed full_name: Soori, Saeed last_name: Soori - first_name: Saeed full_name: Saedi, Saeed last_name: Saedi - first_name: Emad full_name: Arasteh, Emad last_name: Arasteh - first_name: Mohamadhosein full_name: Faramarzi, Mohamadhosein id: 9b785ee7-712d-11f0-b3a8-f7a45b28b9c3 last_name: Faramarzi orcid: 0009-0003-2174-3938 - first_name: Abhijit full_name: Chinchani, Abhijit last_name: Chinchani - first_name: Soojin full_name: Lee, Soojin last_name: Lee - first_name: Artur full_name: Luczak, Artur last_name: Luczak - first_name: Martin J. full_name: McKeown, Martin J. last_name: McKeown citation: ama: Kia M, Mirian MS, Soori S, et al. Koopman-based linearization of preparatory EEG dynamics in Parkinson’s disease during galvanic vestibular stimulation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 2025;19. doi:10.3389/fnhum.2025.1566566 apa: Kia, M., Mirian, M. S., Soori, S., Saedi, S., Arasteh, E., Faramarzi, M., … McKeown, M. J. (2025). Koopman-based linearization of preparatory EEG dynamics in Parkinson’s disease during galvanic vestibular stimulation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. Frontiers Media. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2025.1566566 chicago: Kia, Maryam, Maryam S. Mirian, Saeed Soori, Saeed Saedi, Emad Arasteh, Mohamadhosein Faramarzi, Abhijit Chinchani, Soojin Lee, Artur Luczak, and Martin J. McKeown. “Koopman-Based Linearization of Preparatory EEG Dynamics in Parkinson’s Disease during Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation.” Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. Frontiers Media, 2025. https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2025.1566566. ieee: M. Kia et al., “Koopman-based linearization of preparatory EEG dynamics in Parkinson’s disease during galvanic vestibular stimulation,” Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, vol. 19. Frontiers Media, 2025. ista: Kia M, Mirian MS, Soori S, Saedi S, Arasteh E, Faramarzi M, Chinchani A, Lee S, Luczak A, McKeown MJ. 2025. Koopman-based linearization of preparatory EEG dynamics in Parkinson’s disease during galvanic vestibular stimulation. Frontiers in Human Neuroscience. 19, 1566566. mla: Kia, Maryam, et al. “Koopman-Based Linearization of Preparatory EEG Dynamics in Parkinson’s Disease during Galvanic Vestibular Stimulation.” Frontiers in Human Neuroscience, vol. 19, 1566566, Frontiers Media, 2025, doi:10.3389/fnhum.2025.1566566. short: M. Kia, M.S. Mirian, S. Soori, S. Saedi, E. Arasteh, M. Faramarzi, A. Chinchani, S. Lee, A. Luczak, M.J. McKeown, Frontiers in Human Neuroscience 19 (2025). date_created: 2026-01-31T23:07:16Z date_published: 2025-05-14T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T09:21:56Z day: '14' ddc: - '570' doi: 10.3389/fnhum.2025.1566566 extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '40438537' has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 19' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.3389/fnhum.2025.1566566 month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: Frontiers in Human Neuroscience publication_identifier: issn: - 1662-5161 publication_status: published publisher: Frontiers Media quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Koopman-based linearization of preparatory EEG dynamics in Parkinson’s disease during galvanic vestibular stimulation tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 19 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid _id: '21136' abstract: - lang: eng text: The plant hormone auxin regulates growth and development through at least two distinct signaling pathways. The nuclear pathway, involving TIR1/AFB receptors, mediates transcription; whereas the cell surface ABP1-TMK1 auxin perception triggers global ultrafast phosphorylation response. Here, we revisit the rich history of the disputed ABP1 auxin receptor, highlighting recent findings of the involvement of TMKs and other molecular components and focusing on their role in auxin canalization-mediated development. acknowledgement: We gratefully acknowledge the funding by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF; I 6123-B and P 37051-B) and the European Research Council (ERC; 101142681 CYNIPS).We would like to thank Lukas Fiedler for his significant input and thoughtful revision of this manuscript. article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Aline full_name: Monzer, Aline id: 2DB5D88C-D7B3-11E9-B8FD-7907E6697425 last_name: Monzer - first_name: Jiří full_name: Friml, Jiří id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Friml orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596 citation: ama: Monzer A, Friml J. Historical and mechanistic perspective on ABP1-TMK1-mediated cell surface auxin signaling. npj Science of Plants. 2025;1(1):2. doi:10.1038/s44383-025-00002-8 apa: Monzer, A., & Friml, J. (2025). Historical and mechanistic perspective on ABP1-TMK1-mediated cell surface auxin signaling. Npj Science of Plants. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44383-025-00002-8 chicago: Monzer, Aline, and Jiří Friml. “Historical and Mechanistic Perspective on ABP1-TMK1-Mediated Cell Surface Auxin Signaling.” Npj Science of Plants. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44383-025-00002-8. ieee: A. Monzer and J. Friml, “Historical and mechanistic perspective on ABP1-TMK1-mediated cell surface auxin signaling.,” npj Science of Plants, vol. 1, no. 1. Springer Nature, p. 2, 2025. ista: Monzer A, Friml J. 2025. Historical and mechanistic perspective on ABP1-TMK1-mediated cell surface auxin signaling. npj Science of Plants. 1(1), 2. mla: Monzer, Aline, and Jiří Friml. “Historical and Mechanistic Perspective on ABP1-TMK1-Mediated Cell Surface Auxin Signaling.” Npj Science of Plants, vol. 1, no. 1, Springer Nature, 2025, p. 2, doi:10.1038/s44383-025-00002-8. short: A. Monzer, J. Friml, Npj Science of Plants 1 (2025) 2. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-02-03T13:03:53Z date_published: 2025-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T09:39:20Z day: '01' ddc: - '580' department: - _id: JiFr - _id: GradSch doi: 10.1038/s44383-025-00002-8 external_id: pmid: - '40630787' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 6c190faacf0e3bef98311dc8a12132d4 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-10T09:35:43Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T09:35:43Z file_id: '21208' file_name: 2025_NPJSciencePlants_Monzer.pdf file_size: 974106 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-10T09:35:43Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 1' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '2' pmid: 1 project: - _id: bd76d395-d553-11ed-ba76-f678c14f9033 grant_number: I06123 name: Peptide receptors for auxin canalization in Arabidopsis - _id: 7bcece63-9f16-11ee-852c-ae94e099eeb6 grant_number: P37051 name: Guanylate cyclase activity of TIR1/AFBs auxin receptors - _id: 8f347782-16d5-11f0-9cad-8c19706ee739 grant_number: '101142681' name: Cyclic nucleotides as second messengers in plants publication: npj Science of Plants publication_identifier: eissn: - 3005-1401 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Historical and mechanistic perspective on ABP1-TMK1-mediated cell surface auxin signaling. tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 1 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: diamond PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21143' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The Lovász Local Lemma (LLL) is a powerful tool in probabilistic\r\ncombinatorics which can be used to establish the existence of objects with certain\r\nproperties. The breakthrough paper by Moser & Tardos (STOC’09 and JACM 2010)\r\nand follow-up work revealed that the LLL has intimate connections with a class of\r\nstochastic local search algorithms for finding such desirable objects.\r\nBesides conditions for convergence, many other natural questions can be asked\r\nabout algorithms; for instance, “are they parallelizable?”, “how many solutions can\r\nthey output?”, “what is the expected ‘weight’ of a solution?”. These questions and\r\nmore have been answered for a class of LLL-inspired algorithms called commutative. In\r\nthis paper we introduce a new, very natural and more general notion of commutativity\r\n(essentially matrix commutativity) which allows us to show a number of new refined\r\nproperties of LLL-inspired local search algorithms with significantly simpler proofs." acknowledgement: "This material is based on work directly supported by the IAS Fund for Math and indirectly supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. CCF-1900460. Any opinions, findings and conclusions or recommendations expressed in this material are those of the author(s) and do not necessarily reflect the views of the National Science Foundation. This work is also supported by the National Science Foundation Grant No. CCF-1815328. Supported by the European Research Council under the European Union’s Seventh Framework Programme\r\n(FP7/2007-2013)/ERC grant agreement no 616160." article_processing_charge: No article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: David G. full_name: Harris, David G. last_name: Harris - first_name: Fotios full_name: Iliopoulos, Fotios last_name: Iliopoulos - first_name: Vladimir full_name: Kolmogorov, Vladimir id: 3D50B0BA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kolmogorov citation: ama: Harris DG, Iliopoulos F, Kolmogorov V. A new notion of commutativity for the algorithmic Lovász Local Lemma. Theory of Computing. 2025;21(5):1-34. doi:10.4086/toc.2025.v021a005 apa: Harris, D. G., Iliopoulos, F., & Kolmogorov, V. (2025). A new notion of commutativity for the algorithmic Lovász Local Lemma. Theory of Computing. University of Chicago Press. https://doi.org/10.4086/toc.2025.v021a005 chicago: Harris, David G., Fotios Iliopoulos, and Vladimir Kolmogorov. “A New Notion of Commutativity for the Algorithmic Lovász Local Lemma.” Theory of Computing. University of Chicago Press, 2025. https://doi.org/10.4086/toc.2025.v021a005. ieee: D. G. Harris, F. Iliopoulos, and V. Kolmogorov, “A new notion of commutativity for the algorithmic Lovász Local Lemma,” Theory of Computing, vol. 21, no. 5. University of Chicago Press, pp. 1–34, 2025. ista: Harris DG, Iliopoulos F, Kolmogorov V. 2025. A new notion of commutativity for the algorithmic Lovász Local Lemma. Theory of Computing. 21(5), 1–34. mla: Harris, David G., et al. “A New Notion of Commutativity for the Algorithmic Lovász Local Lemma.” Theory of Computing, vol. 21, no. 5, University of Chicago Press, 2025, pp. 1–34, doi:10.4086/toc.2025.v021a005. short: D.G. Harris, F. Iliopoulos, V. Kolmogorov, Theory of Computing 21 (2025) 1–34. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-02-05T12:04:58Z date_published: 2025-09-08T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T10:00:00Z day: '08' ddc: - '510' department: - _id: VlKo doi: 10.4086/toc.2025.v021a005 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2008.05569' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 5a9f7cfccac6046fe75a14a4059eed04 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-10T09:54:28Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T09:54:28Z file_id: '21209' file_name: 2025_TheoryComputing_Harris.pdf file_size: 509346 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-10T09:54:28Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 21' issue: '5' language: - iso: eng month: '09' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 1 - 34 project: - _id: 25FBA906-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FP7 grant_number: '616160' name: 'Discrete Optimization in Computer Vision: Theory and Practice' publication: Theory of Computing publication_identifier: eissn: - 1557-2862 publication_status: published publisher: University of Chicago Press quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '10072' relation: earlier_version status: public status: public title: A new notion of commutativity for the algorithmic Lovász Local Lemma tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 21 year: '2025' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '21211' abstract: - lang: eng text: "We show that, for any graph F and η > 0, there exists a d0 = d0(F, η) such that every nvertex d-regular graph with d ≥ d0 has a collection of vertex-disjoint F-subdivisions covering\r\nat least (1 − η)n vertices. This verifies a conjecture of Verstraëte from 2002 and improves a\r\nrecent result of Letzter, Methuku and Sudakov which additionally required d to be at least\r\npolylogarithmic in n.\r\n" acknowledgement: Supported by the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (grant agreement No. 947978). This project has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 101034413. article_number: '2508.00480' article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Richard full_name: Montgomery, Richard last_name: Montgomery - first_name: Kalina H full_name: Petrova, Kalina H id: 554ff4e4-f325-11ee-b0c4-a10dbd523381 last_name: Petrova - first_name: Arjun full_name: Ranganathan, Arjun last_name: Ranganathan - first_name: Jane full_name: Tan, Jane last_name: Tan citation: ama: Montgomery R, Petrova KH, Ranganathan A, Tan J. Packing subdivisions into regular graphs. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2508.00480 apa: Montgomery, R., Petrova, K. H., Ranganathan, A., & Tan, J. (n.d.). Packing subdivisions into regular graphs. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.00480 chicago: Montgomery, Richard, Kalina H Petrova, Arjun Ranganathan, and Jane Tan. “Packing Subdivisions into Regular Graphs.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.00480. ieee: R. Montgomery, K. H. Petrova, A. Ranganathan, and J. Tan, “Packing subdivisions into regular graphs,” arXiv. . ista: Montgomery R, Petrova KH, Ranganathan A, Tan J. Packing subdivisions into regular graphs. arXiv, 2508.00480. mla: Montgomery, Richard, et al. “Packing Subdivisions into Regular Graphs.” ArXiv, 2508.00480, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2508.00480. short: R. Montgomery, K.H. Petrova, A. Ranganathan, J. Tan, ArXiv (n.d.). date_created: 2026-02-10T11:32:41Z date_published: 2025-08-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-10T11:39:16Z day: '01' department: - _id: MaKw doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2508.00480 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2508.00480' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2508.00480 month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint project: - _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101034413' name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program' publication: arXiv publication_status: submitted status: public title: Packing subdivisions into regular graphs type: preprint user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21235' abstract: - lang: eng text: The condensation of charged polymers is an important driver for the formation of biomolecular condensates. Recent experiments suggest that this mechanism also controls the clustering of eukaryotic chromosomes during the late stages of cell division. In this process, interchromosome attraction is driven by the condensation of cytoplasmic RNA and Ki-67, a charged intrinsically disordered protein that coats the chromosomes as a brush. Attraction between chromosomes has been shown to be specifically promoted by a localized charged patch on Ki-67, although the physical mechanism remains unclear. To elucidate this process, we combine coarse-grained simulations and analytical theory to study the RNA-mediated interaction between charged polymer brushes on the chromosome surfaces. We show that the charged patch on Ki-67 leads to interchromosome attraction via RNA bridging between the two brushes, whereby the RNA preferentially interacts with the charged patches, leading to stable, long-range forces. By contrast, if the brush is uniformly charged, bridging is basically absent due to complete adsorption of RNA onto the brush. Moreover, the RNA dynamics becomes caged in presence of the charged patch while remaining diffusive with uniform charge. Our work sheds light on the physical origin of chromosome clustering, while also suggesting a general mechanism for cells to tune work production by biomolecular condensates via different charge distributions. acknowledgement: "This work was supported by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (A.Š. and V.S., ERC grant Agreement No. 802960 to A.Š., I.P. and P.R.,\r\nMarie Skłodowska-Curie Grant Agreement No. 101034413), the German Research Foundation (S.C-H. and A.H.-A., DFG Project No. 402723784 to S.C-H.), the Vallee Scholarship\r\n(A.Š. and V.S.), the EMBO Young Investigator Programme (A.Š.), and a Ph.D. fellowship from the Boehringer Ingelheim Fonds (A.H.-A.)." article_number: '033010' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original author: - first_name: Valerio full_name: Sorichetti, Valerio id: ef8a92cb-c7b6-11ec-8bea-e1fd5847bc5b last_name: Sorichetti orcid: 0000-0002-9645-6576 - first_name: Paul full_name: Robin, Paul id: 48c58128-57b0-11ee-9095-dc28fd97fc1d last_name: Robin orcid: 0000-0002-5728-9189 - first_name: Ivan full_name: Palaia, Ivan id: 9c805cd2-4b75-11ec-a374-db6dd0ed57fa last_name: Palaia orcid: ' 0000-0002-8843-9485 ' - first_name: Alberto full_name: Hernandez-Armendariz, Alberto last_name: Hernandez-Armendariz - first_name: Sara full_name: Cuylen-Haering, Sara last_name: Cuylen-Haering - first_name: Anđela full_name: Šarić, Anđela id: bf63d406-f056-11eb-b41d-f263a6566d8b last_name: Šarić orcid: 0000-0002-7854-2139 citation: ama: Sorichetti V, Robin P, Palaia I, Hernandez-Armendariz A, Cuylen-Haering S, Šarić A. Charge distribution of the coating brush drives interchromosome attraction. PRX Life. 2025;3(3). doi:10.1103/41fd-r847 apa: Sorichetti, V., Robin, P., Palaia, I., Hernandez-Armendariz, A., Cuylen-Haering, S., & Šarić, A. (2025). Charge distribution of the coating brush drives interchromosome attraction. PRX Life. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/41fd-r847 chicago: Sorichetti, Valerio, Paul Robin, Ivan Palaia, Alberto Hernandez-Armendariz, Sara Cuylen-Haering, and Anđela Šarić. “Charge Distribution of the Coating Brush Drives Interchromosome Attraction.” PRX Life. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/41fd-r847. ieee: V. Sorichetti, P. Robin, I. Palaia, A. Hernandez-Armendariz, S. Cuylen-Haering, and A. Šarić, “Charge distribution of the coating brush drives interchromosome attraction,” PRX Life, vol. 3, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2025. ista: Sorichetti V, Robin P, Palaia I, Hernandez-Armendariz A, Cuylen-Haering S, Šarić A. 2025. Charge distribution of the coating brush drives interchromosome attraction. PRX Life. 3(3), 033010. mla: Sorichetti, Valerio, et al. “Charge Distribution of the Coating Brush Drives Interchromosome Attraction.” PRX Life, vol. 3, no. 3, 033010, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/41fd-r847. short: V. Sorichetti, P. Robin, I. Palaia, A. Hernandez-Armendariz, S. Cuylen-Haering, A. Šarić, PRX Life 3 (2025). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2026-02-16T14:50:32Z date_published: 2025-08-11T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-17T11:16:26Z day: '11' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: AnSa - _id: EdHa doi: 10.1103/41fd-r847 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 1702b9bdbfd902a7c08aa4f1479b390d content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-17T11:12:30Z date_updated: 2026-02-17T11:12:30Z file_id: '21287' file_name: 2025_PRXLife_Sorichetti.pdf file_size: 3732843 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-17T11:12:30Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 3' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: eba2549b-77a9-11ec-83b8-a81e493eae4e call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '802960' name: 'Non-Equilibrium Protein Assembly: from Building Blocks to Biological Machines' - _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101034413' name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program' - _id: 349b6ff1-11ca-11ed-8bc3-f006047c2eeb name: EMBO Young Investigator Program - Andela Saric publication: PRX Life publication_identifier: eissn: - 2835-8279 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Charge distribution of the coating brush drives interchromosome attraction tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 3 year: '2025' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '21236' abstract: - lang: eng text: 'The migration behavior of colliding cells is critically determined by transient contact interactions. During these interactions, the motility machinery, including the front-rear polarization of the cell, dynamically responds to surface protein-mediated transmission of forces and biochemical signals between cells. While biomolecular details of such contact interactions are increasingly well understood, it remains unclear what biophysical interaction mechanisms govern the cell-level dynamics of colliding cells and how these mechanisms vary across cell types. Here we develop a phenomenological theory based on 14 candidate contact-interaction mechanisms coupling cell position, protrusion, and polarity. Using high-throughput micropattern experiments, we detect which of these phenomenological contact interactions captures the interaction behaviors of cells. We find that various cell types—ranging from mesenchymal to epithelial cells—are accurately captured by a single model with only two interaction mechanisms: polarity-protrusion coupling and polarity-polarity coupling. Remarkably, the qualitatively different interaction behaviors of distinct cells, as well as cells subject to molecular perturbations of surface protein-mediated signaling, can all be quantitatively captured by varying the strength and sign of the polarity-polarity coupling mechanism. Altogether, our data-driven phenomenological theory of cell-cell interactions reveals polarity-polarity coupling as a versatile and general contact-interaction mechanism, which may underlie diverse collective migration behaviors of motile cells.' acknowledgement: We thank Johannes Flommersfeld, Bram Hoogland, and Ricard Alert for helpful discussions. We thank Gerlinde Schwake for producing the E-cadherin mRNA. This work was funded by the Deutsche Forschungsgemeinschaft (DFG, German Research Foundation), Project-ID 201269156 - SFB 1032 (Project B01 and B12). article_number: '033015' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Tom full_name: Brandstätter, Tom last_name: Brandstätter - first_name: Emily full_name: Brieger, Emily last_name: Brieger - first_name: David full_name: Brückner, David id: e1e86031-6537-11eb-953a-f7ab92be508d last_name: Brückner orcid: 0000-0001-7205-2975 - first_name: Georg full_name: Ladurner, Georg last_name: Ladurner - first_name: Joachim O. full_name: Rädler, Joachim O. last_name: Rädler - first_name: Chase P. full_name: Broedersz, Chase P. last_name: Broedersz citation: ama: Brandstätter T, Brieger E, Brückner D, Ladurner G, Rädler JO, Broedersz CP. Data-driven theory reveals protrusion and polarity interactions governing collision behavior of distinct motile cells. PRX Life. 2025;3(3). doi:10.1103/3hhj-rt1n apa: Brandstätter, T., Brieger, E., Brückner, D., Ladurner, G., Rädler, J. O., & Broedersz, C. P. (2025). Data-driven theory reveals protrusion and polarity interactions governing collision behavior of distinct motile cells. PRX Life. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/3hhj-rt1n chicago: Brandstätter, Tom, Emily Brieger, David Brückner, Georg Ladurner, Joachim O. Rädler, and Chase P. Broedersz. “Data-Driven Theory Reveals Protrusion and Polarity Interactions Governing Collision Behavior of Distinct Motile Cells.” PRX Life. American Physical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/3hhj-rt1n. ieee: T. Brandstätter, E. Brieger, D. Brückner, G. Ladurner, J. O. Rädler, and C. P. Broedersz, “Data-driven theory reveals protrusion and polarity interactions governing collision behavior of distinct motile cells,” PRX Life, vol. 3, no. 3. American Physical Society, 2025. ista: Brandstätter T, Brieger E, Brückner D, Ladurner G, Rädler JO, Broedersz CP. 2025. Data-driven theory reveals protrusion and polarity interactions governing collision behavior of distinct motile cells. PRX Life. 3(3), 033015. mla: Brandstätter, Tom, et al. “Data-Driven Theory Reveals Protrusion and Polarity Interactions Governing Collision Behavior of Distinct Motile Cells.” PRX Life, vol. 3, no. 3, 033015, American Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/3hhj-rt1n. short: T. Brandstätter, E. Brieger, D. Brückner, G. Ladurner, J.O. Rädler, C.P. Broedersz, PRX Life 3 (2025). date_created: 2026-02-16T14:52:02Z date_published: 2025-08-26T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-02-17T11:20:20Z day: '26' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: EdHa doi: 10.1103/3hhj-rt1n external_id: arxiv: - '2407.17268' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 70c067ceef3a8262d9c430e85e3ba9ec content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2026-02-17T11:18:18Z date_updated: 2026-02-17T11:18:18Z file_id: '21288' file_name: 2025_PRXLife_Brandstaetter.pdf file_size: 9366716 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2026-02-17T11:18:18Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 3' issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '08' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version publication: PRX Life publication_identifier: eissn: - 2835-8279 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' status: public title: Data-driven theory reveals protrusion and polarity interactions governing collision behavior of distinct motile cells tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 3 year: '2025' ...