---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21325'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Test-time training (TTT) methods explicitly update the weights of a model
to adapt to the specific test instance, and they have found success in a variety
of settings, including most recently language modeling and reasoning. To demystify
this success, we investigate a gradient-based TTT algorithm for in-context learning,
where we train a transformer model on the in-context demonstrations provided in
the test prompt. Specifically, we provide a comprehensive theoretical characterization
of linear transformers when the update rule is a single gradient step. Our theory
(i) delineates the role of alignment between pretraining distribution and target
task, (ii) demystifies how TTT can alleviate distribution shift, and (iii) quantifies
the sample complexity of TTT including how it can significantly reduce the eventual
sample size required for in-context learning. As our empirical contribution, we
study the benefits of TTT for TabPFN, a tabular foundation model. In line with
our theory, we demonstrate that TTT significantly reduces the required sample
size for tabular classification (3 to 5 times fewer) unlocking substantial inference
efficiency with a negligible training cost.
acknowledgement: "H.A.G., M.E.I., X.Z., and S.O. were supported in part by the NSF
grants CCF2046816, CCF-2403075, CCF-2008020, and the Office of Naval Research grant
N000142412289.\r\nM. M. is funded by the European Union (ERC, INF2 , project number
101161364). Views and opinions expressed are, however, those of the author(s) only
and do not necessarily\r\nreflect those of the European Union or the European Research
Council Executive Agency. Neither the European Union nor the granting authority
can be held responsible for them. M.S. is supported by the Packard Fellowship in
Science and Engineering, a Sloan Research Fellowship in Mathematics, an NSF-CAREER
under award #1846369, DARPA FastNICS program, and NSF-CIF awards #1813877 and #2008443,
and NIH DP2LM014564-01. The authors also\r\nacknowledge further support from Open
Philanthropy, OpenAI, Amazon Research, Google Research, and Microsoft Research."
alternative_title:
- PMLR
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Halil Alperen
full_name: Gozeten, Halil Alperen
last_name: Gozeten
- first_name: Muhammed Emrullah
full_name: Ildiz, Muhammed Emrullah
last_name: Ildiz
- first_name: Xuechen
full_name: Zhang, Xuechen
last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Mahdi
full_name: Soltanolkotabi, Mahdi
last_name: Soltanolkotabi
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Mondelli, Marco
id: 27EB676C-8706-11E9-9510-7717E6697425
last_name: Mondelli
orcid: 0000-0002-3242-7020
- first_name: Samet
full_name: Oymak, Samet
last_name: Oymak
citation:
ama: 'Gozeten HA, Ildiz ME, Zhang X, Soltanolkotabi M, Mondelli M, Oymak S. Test-time
training provably improves transformers as in-context learners. In: Proceedings
of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning. Vol 267. ML Research
Press; 2025:20266-20295.'
apa: 'Gozeten, H. A., Ildiz, M. E., Zhang, X., Soltanolkotabi, M., Mondelli, M.,
& Oymak, S. (2025). Test-time training provably improves transformers as in-context
learners. In Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning
(Vol. 267, pp. 20266–20295). Vancouver, Canada: ML Research Press.'
chicago: Gozeten, Halil Alperen, Muhammed Emrullah Ildiz, Xuechen Zhang, Mahdi Soltanolkotabi,
Marco Mondelli, and Samet Oymak. “Test-Time Training Provably Improves Transformers
as in-Context Learners.” In Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference
on Machine Learning, 267:20266–95. ML Research Press, 2025.
ieee: H. A. Gozeten, M. E. Ildiz, X. Zhang, M. Soltanolkotabi, M. Mondelli, and
S. Oymak, “Test-time training provably improves transformers as in-context learners,”
in Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning,
Vancouver, Canada, 2025, vol. 267, pp. 20266–20295.
ista: 'Gozeten HA, Ildiz ME, Zhang X, Soltanolkotabi M, Mondelli M, Oymak S. 2025.
Test-time training provably improves transformers as in-context learners. Proceedings
of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning. ICML: International
Conference on Machine Learning, PMLR, vol. 267, 20266–20295.'
mla: Gozeten, Halil Alperen, et al. “Test-Time Training Provably Improves Transformers
as in-Context Learners.” Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on
Machine Learning, vol. 267, ML Research Press, 2025, pp. 20266–95.
short: H.A. Gozeten, M.E. Ildiz, X. Zhang, M. Soltanolkotabi, M. Mondelli, S. Oymak,
in:, Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning, ML
Research Press, 2025, pp. 20266–20295.
conference:
end_date: 2025-07-19
location: Vancouver, Canada
name: 'ICML: International Conference on Machine Learning'
start_date: 2025-07-13
date_created: 2026-02-18T12:00:44Z
date_published: 2025-11-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:18:24Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: MaMo
external_id:
pmid:
- '41321376'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f774f8619a0d72f3975d9cb23942a1e9
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-19T08:15:48Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:15:48Z
file_id: '21336'
file_name: 2025_ICML_Gozeten.pdf
file_size: 471176
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:15:48Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 267'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 20266-20295
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 911e6d1f-16d5-11f0-9cad-c5c68c6a1cdf
grant_number: '101161364'
name: 'Inference in High Dimensions: Light-speed Algorithms and Information Limits'
publication: Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2640-3498
publication_status: published
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Test-time training provably improves transformers as in-context learners
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 267
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21326'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Neural Collapse is a phenomenon where the last-layer representations of a
well-trained neural network converge to a highly structured geometry. In this
paper, we focus on its first (and most basic) property, known as NC1: the within-class
variability vanishes. While prior theoretical studies establish the occurrence
of NC1 via the data-agnostic unconstrained features model, our work adopts a data-specific
perspective, analyzing NC1 in a three-layer neural network, with the first two
layers operating in the mean-field regime and followed by a linear layer. In particular,
we establish a fundamental connection between NC1 and the loss landscape: we prove
that points with small empirical loss and gradient norm (thus, close to being
stationary) approximately satisfy NC1, and the closeness to NC1 is controlled
by the residual loss and gradient norm. We then show that (i) gradient flow on
the mean squared error converges to NC1 solutions with small empirical loss, and
(ii) for well-separated data distributions, both NC1 and vanishing test loss are
achieved simultaneously. This aligns with the empirical observation that NC1 emerges
during training while models attain near-zero test error. Overall, our results
demonstrate that NC1 arises from gradient training due to the properties of the
loss landscape, and they show the co-occurrence of NC1 and small test error for
certain data distributions.'
acknowledgement: "This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF) 10.55776/COE12. For the purpose of open access, the authors have applied
a CC BY public\r\ncopyright license to any Author Accepted Manuscript version arising
from this submission. The authors would like to thank Peter Sukenık for general
helpful discussions and for pointing out that all the stationary points are approximately
proportional in the case without entropic regularization. "
alternative_title:
- PMLR
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Diyuan
full_name: Wu, Diyuan
id: 1a5914c2-896a-11ed-bdf8-fb80621a0635
last_name: Wu
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Mondelli, Marco
id: 27EB676C-8706-11E9-9510-7717E6697425
last_name: Mondelli
orcid: 0000-0002-3242-7020
citation:
ama: 'Wu D, Mondelli M. Neural collapse beyond the unconstrained features model:
Landscape, dynamics, and generalization in the mean-field regime. In: Proceedings
of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning. Vol 267. ML Research
Press; 2025:67499-67536.'
apa: 'Wu, D., & Mondelli, M. (2025). Neural collapse beyond the unconstrained
features model: Landscape, dynamics, and generalization in the mean-field regime.
In Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning
(Vol. 267, pp. 67499–67536). Vancouver, Canada: ML Research Press.'
chicago: 'Wu, Diyuan, and Marco Mondelli. “Neural Collapse beyond the Unconstrained
Features Model: Landscape, Dynamics, and Generalization in the Mean-Field Regime.”
In Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning,
267:67499–536. ML Research Press, 2025.'
ieee: 'D. Wu and M. Mondelli, “Neural collapse beyond the unconstrained features
model: Landscape, dynamics, and generalization in the mean-field regime,” in Proceedings
of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning, Vancouver, Canada,
2025, vol. 267, pp. 67499–67536.'
ista: 'Wu D, Mondelli M. 2025. Neural collapse beyond the unconstrained features
model: Landscape, dynamics, and generalization in the mean-field regime. Proceedings
of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning. ICML: International
Conference on Machine Learning, PMLR, vol. 267, 67499–67536.'
mla: 'Wu, Diyuan, and Marco Mondelli. “Neural Collapse beyond the Unconstrained
Features Model: Landscape, Dynamics, and Generalization in the Mean-Field Regime.”
Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning, vol.
267, ML Research Press, 2025, pp. 67499–536.'
short: D. Wu, M. Mondelli, in:, Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference
on Machine Learning, ML Research Press, 2025, pp. 67499–67536.
conference:
end_date: 2025-07-19
location: Vancouver, Canada
name: 'ICML: International Conference on Machine Learning'
start_date: 2025-07-13
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-02-18T12:02:45Z
date_published: 2025-07-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:30:42Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: MaMo
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2501.19104'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: c5ce8b1c83e33dc3a11122f4910deb67
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-19T08:28:22Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:28:22Z
file_id: '21337'
file_name: 2025_ICML_Wu.pdf
file_size: 3994385
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:28:22Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 267'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 67499-67536
publication: Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2640-3498
publication_status: published
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'Neural collapse beyond the unconstrained features model: Landscape, dynamics,
and generalization in the mean-field regime'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 267
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21327'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Proteins exist as a dynamic ensemble of multiple conformations, and these
motions are often crucial for their functions. However, current structure prediction
methods predominantly yield a single conformation, overlooking the conformational
heterogeneity revealed by diverse experimental modalities. Here, we present a
framework for building experiment-grounded protein structure generative models
that infer conformational ensembles consistent with measured experimental data.
The key idea is to treat stateof-the-art protein structure predictors (e.g., AlphaFold3)
as sequence-conditioned structural priors, and cast ensemble modeling as posterior
inference of protein structures given experimental measurements. Through extensive
real-data experiments, we demonstrate the generality of our method to incorporate
a variety of experimental measurements. In particular, our framework uncovers
previously unmodeled conformational heterogeneity from crystallographic densities,
and generates high-accuracy NMR ensembles orders of magnitude faster than the
status quo. Notably, we demonstrate that our ensembles outperform AlphaFold3 (Abramson
et al., 2024) and sometimes better fit experimental data than publicly deposited
structures to the Protein Data Bank (PDB, Burley et al. (2017)). We believe that
this approach will unlock building predictive models that fully embrace experimentally
observed conformational diversity.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: 'This work was supported by the Israeli Science Foundation (ISF)
grant number 1834/24. We acknowledge support from the Austrian Science Fund (FWF,
grant numbers I5812-B and I6223) and the financial support of the Helmsley Fellowships
Program for Sustainability and Health. This research uses resources of the Institute
of Science and Technology Austria’s scientific computing cluster. '
alternative_title:
- PMLR
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Sai A
full_name: Maddipatla, Sai A
id: e957f5e5-91c9-11f0-a95f-e090f66ecb4d
last_name: Maddipatla
- first_name: Nadav E
full_name: Sellam, Nadav E
id: ef280fe0-91c9-11f0-a95f-8dea3f5bc513
last_name: Sellam
- first_name: Meital I
full_name: Bojan, Meital I
id: 11d88cf5-91ca-11f0-a95f-edf9f08f47b7
last_name: Bojan
- first_name: Sanketh
full_name: Vedula, Sanketh
id: 94f2fe44-70fa-11f0-b76b-92922c09452b
last_name: Vedula
- first_name: Paul
full_name: Schanda, Paul
id: 7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425
last_name: Schanda
orcid: 0000-0002-9350-7606
- first_name: Ailie
full_name: Marx, Ailie
last_name: Marx
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Bronstein, Alexander
id: 58f3726e-7cba-11ef-ad8b-e6e8cb3904e6
last_name: Bronstein
orcid: 0000-0001-9699-8730
citation:
ama: 'Maddipatla SA, Sellam NE, Bojan MI, et al. Inverse problems with experiment-guided
AlphaFold. In: Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine
Learning. Vol 267. ML Research Press; 2025:42366-42393.'
apa: 'Maddipatla, S. A., Sellam, N. E., Bojan, M. I., Vedula, S., Schanda, P., Marx,
A., & Bronstein, A. M. (2025). Inverse problems with experiment-guided AlphaFold.
In Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning
(Vol. 267, pp. 42366–42393). Vancouver, Canada: ML Research Press.'
chicago: Maddipatla, Sai A, Nadav E Sellam, Meital I Bojan, Sanketh Vedula, Paul
Schanda, Ailie Marx, and Alex M. Bronstein. “Inverse Problems with Experiment-Guided
AlphaFold.” In Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine
Learning, 267:42366–93. ML Research Press, 2025.
ieee: S. A. Maddipatla et al., “Inverse problems with experiment-guided AlphaFold,”
in Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning,
Vancouver, Canada, 2025, vol. 267, pp. 42366–42393.
ista: 'Maddipatla SA, Sellam NE, Bojan MI, Vedula S, Schanda P, Marx A, Bronstein
AM. 2025. Inverse problems with experiment-guided AlphaFold. Proceedings of the
42nd International Conference on Machine Learning. ICML: International Conference
on Machine Learning, PMLR, vol. 267, 42366–42393.'
mla: Maddipatla, Sai A., et al. “Inverse Problems with Experiment-Guided AlphaFold.”
Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning, vol.
267, ML Research Press, 2025, pp. 42366–93.
short: S.A. Maddipatla, N.E. Sellam, M.I. Bojan, S. Vedula, P. Schanda, A. Marx,
A.M. Bronstein, in:, Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine
Learning, ML Research Press, 2025, pp. 42366–42393.
conference:
end_date: 2025-07-19
location: Vancouver, Canada
name: 'ICML: International Conference on Machine Learning'
start_date: 2025-07-13
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-02-18T12:11:17Z
date_published: 2025-07-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:56:43Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '000'
- '540'
department:
- _id: PaSc
- _id: AlBr
- _id: GradSch
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2502.09372'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f33230a6d59b7978d4cd72795e4e9059
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-19T08:56:10Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:56:10Z
file_id: '21338'
file_name: 2025_ICML_Maddipatla.pdf
file_size: 1924177
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-19T08:56:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 267'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 42366 - 42393
project:
- _id: eb9c82eb-77a9-11ec-83b8-aadd536561cf
grant_number: I05812
name: AlloSpace. The emergence and mechanisms of allostery
- _id: bdb9578d-d553-11ed-ba76-ed5d39fce6f0
grant_number: I06223
name: Structure and mechanism of the mitochondrial MIM insertase
publication: Proceedings of the 42nd International Conference on Machine Learning
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2640-3498
publication_status: published
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Inverse problems with experiment-guided AlphaFold
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 267
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21328'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Multi-index models provide a popular framework to investigate the learnability
of functions with low-dimensional structure and, also due to their connections
with neural networks, they have been object of recent intensive study. In this
paper, we focus on recovering the subspace spanned by the signals via spectral
estimators – a family of methods routinely used in practice, often as a warm-start
for iterative algorithms. Our main technical contribution is a precise asymptotic
characterization of the performance of spectral methods, when sample size and
input dimension grow proportionally and the dimension p of the space to recover
is fixed. Specifically, we locate the top-p eigenvalues of the spectral matrix
and establish the overlaps between the corresponding eigenvectors (which give
the spectral estimators) and a basis of the signal subspace. Our analysis unveils
a phase transition phenomenon in which, as the sample complexity grows, eigenvalues
escape from the bulk of the spectrum and, when that happens, eigenvectors recover
directions of the desired subspace. The precise characterization we put forward
enables the optimization of the data preprocessing, thus allowing to identify
the spectral estimator that requires the minimal sample size for weak recovery.
acknowledgement: "This work was done when Y. Z. was at the Institute of Science and
Technology Austria. Y. Z. and\r\nM. M. are funded by the European Union (ERC, INF2,
project number 101161364). Views and\r\nopinions expressed are however those of
the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union or
the European Research Council Executive Agency. Neither the European Union nor the
granting authority can be held responsible for them. The authors would like to acknowledge
(in alphabetical order) discussions with Yatin Dandi, Leonardo Defilippis and Bruno
Loureiro concerning their parallel work (Defilippis et al., 2025)."
alternative_title:
- PMLR
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Filip
full_name: Kovačević, Filip
id: d0258e7b-50b8-11ef-ad56-8b9f537b6b1b
last_name: Kovačević
- first_name: Zhang
full_name: Yihan, Zhang
last_name: Yihan
- first_name: Marco
full_name: Mondelli, Marco
id: 27EB676C-8706-11E9-9510-7717E6697425
last_name: Mondelli
orcid: 0000-0002-3242-7020
citation:
ama: 'Kovačević F, Yihan Z, Mondelli M. Spectral estimators for multi-index models:
Precise asymptotics and optimal weak recovery. In: Proceedings of 38th Conference
on Learning Theory. Vol 291. ML Research Press; 2025:3354-3404.'
apa: 'Kovačević, F., Yihan, Z., & Mondelli, M. (2025). Spectral estimators for
multi-index models: Precise asymptotics and optimal weak recovery. In Proceedings
of 38th Conference on Learning Theory (Vol. 291, pp. 3354–3404). Lyon, France:
ML Research Press.'
chicago: 'Kovačević, Filip, Zhang Yihan, and Marco Mondelli. “Spectral Estimators
for Multi-Index Models: Precise Asymptotics and Optimal Weak Recovery.” In Proceedings
of 38th Conference on Learning Theory, 291:3354–3404. ML Research Press, 2025.'
ieee: 'F. Kovačević, Z. Yihan, and M. Mondelli, “Spectral estimators for multi-index
models: Precise asymptotics and optimal weak recovery,” in Proceedings of 38th
Conference on Learning Theory, Lyon, France, 2025, vol. 291, pp. 3354–3404.'
ista: 'Kovačević F, Yihan Z, Mondelli M. 2025. Spectral estimators for multi-index
models: Precise asymptotics and optimal weak recovery. Proceedings of 38th Conference
on Learning Theory. COLT: Conference on Learning Theory, PMLR, vol. 291, 3354–3404.'
mla: 'Kovačević, Filip, et al. “Spectral Estimators for Multi-Index Models: Precise
Asymptotics and Optimal Weak Recovery.” Proceedings of 38th Conference on Learning
Theory, vol. 291, ML Research Press, 2025, pp. 3354–404.'
short: F. Kovačević, Z. Yihan, M. Mondelli, in:, Proceedings of 38th Conference
on Learning Theory, ML Research Press, 2025, pp. 3354–3404.
conference:
end_date: 2025-07-04
location: Lyon, France
name: 'COLT: Conference on Learning Theory'
start_date: 2025-06-30
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-02-18T12:12:47Z
date_published: 2025-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T09:03:53Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: MaMo
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2502.01583'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 19aa70ab4f57fb9067b6ebb99a5fd6f0
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-02-19T09:03:43Z
date_updated: 2026-02-19T09:03:43Z
file_id: '21339'
file_name: 2025_LearningTheory_Kovacevic.pdf
file_size: 844611
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-02-19T09:03:43Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 291'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3354-3404
project:
- _id: 911e6d1f-16d5-11f0-9cad-c5c68c6a1cdf
grant_number: '101161364'
name: 'Inference in High Dimensions: Light-speed Algorithms and Information Limits'
publication: Proceedings of 38th Conference on Learning Theory
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2640-3498
publication_status: published
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Spectral estimators for multi-index models: Precise asymptotics and optimal
weak recovery'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 291
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21412'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Payment channel networks (PCNs) are a promising technology that alleviates
blockchain scalability by shifting the transaction load from the blockchain to
the PCN. Nevertheless, the network topology has to be carefully designed to maximise
the transaction throughput in PCNs. Additionally, users in PCNs also have to make
optimal decisions on which transactions to forward and which to reject to prolong
the lifetime of their channels. In this work, we consider an input sequence of
transactions over p parties. Each transaction consists of a transaction size,
source, and target, and can be either accepted or rejected (entailing a cost).
The goal is to design a PCN topology among the p cooperating parties, along with
the channel capacities, and then output a decision for each transaction in the
sequence to minimise the cost of creating and augmenting channels, as well as
the cost of rejecting transactions. Our main contribution is an \U0001D4AA(p)
approximation algorithm for the problem with p parties. We further show that with
some assumptions on the distribution of transactions, we can reduce the approximation
ratio to \U0001D4AA(√p). We complement our theoretical analysis with an empirical
study of our assumptions and approach in the context of the Lightning Network."
acknowledgement: "Chatterjee, Krishnendu: European Research Council CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt)
and Austrian Science Fund 10.55776/COE12.\r\nKřišťan, Jan Matyáš: Czech Science
Foundation Grant no. 24-12046S.\r\nSchmid, Stefan: German Research Foundation (DFG)
project ReNO (SPP 2378) from 2023-2027.\r\nSvoboda, Jakub: European Research Council
CoG 863818 (ForM-SMArt) and Austrian Science Fund 10.55776/COE12.\r\nYeo, Michelle:
MOE-T2EP20122-0014 (Data-Driven Distributed Algorithms)."
alternative_title:
- LIPIcs
article_number: '23'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Jan Matyáš
full_name: Křišťan, Jan Matyáš
last_name: Křišťan
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Schmid, Stefan
last_name: Schmid
- first_name: Jakub
full_name: Svoboda, Jakub
id: 130759D2-D7DD-11E9-87D2-DE0DE6697425
last_name: Svoboda
orcid: 0000-0002-1419-3267
- first_name: Michelle X
full_name: Yeo, Michelle X
id: 2D82B818-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Yeo
orcid: 0009-0001-3676-4809
citation:
ama: 'Chatterjee K, Křišťan JM, Schmid S, Svoboda J, Yeo MX. Boosting payment channel
network liquidity with topology optimization and transaction selection. In: 39th
International Symposium on Distributed Computing. Vol 356. Schloss Dagstuhl
- Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2025. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2025.23'
apa: 'Chatterjee, K., Křišťan, J. M., Schmid, S., Svoboda, J., & Yeo, M. X.
(2025). Boosting payment channel network liquidity with topology optimization
and transaction selection. In 39th International Symposium on Distributed Computing
(Vol. 356). Berlin, Germany: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik.
https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2025.23'
chicago: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, Jan Matyáš Křišťan, Stefan Schmid, Jakub Svoboda,
and Michelle X Yeo. “Boosting Payment Channel Network Liquidity with Topology
Optimization and Transaction Selection.” In 39th International Symposium on
Distributed Computing, Vol. 356. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
2025. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2025.23.
ieee: K. Chatterjee, J. M. Křišťan, S. Schmid, J. Svoboda, and M. X. Yeo, “Boosting
payment channel network liquidity with topology optimization and transaction selection,”
in 39th International Symposium on Distributed Computing, Berlin, Germany,
2025, vol. 356.
ista: 'Chatterjee K, Křišťan JM, Schmid S, Svoboda J, Yeo MX. 2025. Boosting payment
channel network liquidity with topology optimization and transaction selection.
39th International Symposium on Distributed Computing. DISC: Symposium on Distributed
Computing, LIPIcs, vol. 356, 23.'
mla: Chatterjee, Krishnendu, et al. “Boosting Payment Channel Network Liquidity
with Topology Optimization and Transaction Selection.” 39th International Symposium
on Distributed Computing, vol. 356, 23, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum
für Informatik, 2025, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2025.23.
short: K. Chatterjee, J.M. Křišťan, S. Schmid, J. Svoboda, M.X. Yeo, in:, 39th International
Symposium on Distributed Computing, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik,
2025.
conference:
end_date: 2025-10-31
location: Berlin, Germany
name: 'DISC: Symposium on Distributed Computing'
start_date: 2025-10-27
date_created: 2026-03-08T23:01:46Z
date_published: 2025-10-22T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-09T11:52:58Z
day: '22'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2025.23
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2508.14524'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8e3d1594365df60163d9df22158a37b1
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-03-09T11:51:59Z
date_updated: 2026-03-09T11:51:59Z
file_id: '21418'
file_name: 2025_DISC_Chatterjee.pdf
file_size: 1130069
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-03-09T11:51:59Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 356'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://eprint.iacr.org/2025/1484.pdf
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '863818'
name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
publication: 39th International Symposium on Distributed Computing
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9783959774024'
issn:
- 1868-8969
publication_status: published
publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Boosting payment channel network liquidity with topology optimization and transaction
selection
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 356
year: '2025'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21413'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We present a general framework for applying learning algorithms and heuristical
guidance to the verification of Markov decision processes (MDPs).\r\nThe primary
goal of our techniques is to improve performance by avoiding an exhaustive exploration
of the state space, instead focussing on particularly relevant areas of the system,
guided by heuristics. Our work builds on the previous results of Br{á}zdil et
al., significantly extending it as well as refining several details and fixing
errors.\r\nThe presented framework focuses on probabilistic reachability, which
is a core problem in verification, and is instantiated in two distinct scenarios.\r\nThe
first assumes that full knowledge of the MDP is available, in particular precise
transition probabilities. It performs a heuristic-driven partial exploration of
the model, yielding precise lower and upper bounds on the required probability.
The second tackles the case where we may only sample the MDP without knowing the
exact transition dynamics. Here, we obtain probabilistic guarantees, again in
terms of both the lower and upper bounds, which provides efficient stopping criteria
for the approximation. In particular, the latter is an extension of statistical
model-checking (SMC) for unbounded properties in MDPs. In contrast to other related
approaches, we do not restrict our attention to time-bounded (finite-horizon)
or discounted properties, nor assume any particular structural properties of the
MDP."
acknowledgement: "This research was funded in part by the European Research Council
(ERC) under grant agreement AdG-267989 (QUAREM)*, AdG-246967 (VERIWARE)*, StG-279307
(Graph Games)*\r\n, CoG-863818 (ForM-SMArt), and AdG-834115 (FUN2MODEL), by the
EU FP7 project HIERATIC*, by the German Research Foundation (DFG) project 427755713
(GOPro), by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) projects S11402-N23 (RiSE)* , S11407-N23
(RiSE)*\r\n, and P23499-N23* , by the Czech Science Foundation grant No P202/12/P612*
and GA23-06963S, by the MUNI Award in Science and Humanities (MUNI/I/1757/2021)
of the Grant\r\nAgency of Masaryk University, by EPSRC project EP/K038575/1*, and
by the Microsoft faculty fellows award*. A preliminary version of this article appeared
at ATVA 2014 [33]. The * indicates funding that supported that version."
article_number: '10'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Tomáš
full_name: Brázdil, Tomáš
last_name: Brázdil
- first_name: Krishnendu
full_name: Chatterjee, Krishnendu
id: 2E5DCA20-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chatterjee
orcid: 0000-0002-4561-241X
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Chmelik, Martin
id: 3624234E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Chmelik
- first_name: Vojtěch
full_name: Forejt, Vojtěch
last_name: Forejt
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Kretinsky, Jan
id: 44CEF464-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kretinsky
orcid: 0000-0002-8122-2881
- first_name: Marta
full_name: Kwiatkowska, Marta
last_name: Kwiatkowska
- first_name: Tobias
full_name: Meggendorfer, Tobias
id: b21b0c15-30a2-11eb-80dc-f13ca25802e1
last_name: Meggendorfer
orcid: 0000-0002-1712-2165
- first_name: David
full_name: Parker, David
last_name: Parker
- first_name: Mateusz
full_name: Ujma, Mateusz
last_name: Ujma
citation:
ama: Brázdil T, Chatterjee K, Chmelik M, et al. Learning algorithms for verification
of Markov decision processes. TheoretiCS. 2025;4. doi:10.46298/theoretics.25.10
apa: Brázdil, T., Chatterjee, K., Chmelik, M., Forejt, V., Kretinsky, J., Kwiatkowska,
M., … Ujma, M. (2025). Learning algorithms for verification of Markov decision
processes. TheoretiCS. TheoretiCS Foundation. https://doi.org/10.46298/theoretics.25.10
chicago: Brázdil, Tomáš, Krishnendu Chatterjee, Martin Chmelik, Vojtěch Forejt,
Jan Kretinsky, Marta Kwiatkowska, Tobias Meggendorfer, David Parker, and Mateusz
Ujma. “Learning Algorithms for Verification of Markov Decision Processes.” TheoretiCS.
TheoretiCS Foundation, 2025. https://doi.org/10.46298/theoretics.25.10.
ieee: T. Brázdil et al., “Learning algorithms for verification of Markov
decision processes,” TheoretiCS, vol. 4. TheoretiCS Foundation, 2025.
ista: Brázdil T, Chatterjee K, Chmelik M, Forejt V, Kretinsky J, Kwiatkowska M,
Meggendorfer T, Parker D, Ujma M. 2025. Learning algorithms for verification of
Markov decision processes. TheoretiCS. 4, 10.
mla: Brázdil, Tomáš, et al. “Learning Algorithms for Verification of Markov Decision
Processes.” TheoretiCS, vol. 4, 10, TheoretiCS Foundation, 2025, doi:10.46298/theoretics.25.10.
short: T. Brázdil, K. Chatterjee, M. Chmelik, V. Forejt, J. Kretinsky, M. Kwiatkowska,
T. Meggendorfer, D. Parker, M. Ujma, TheoretiCS 4 (2025).
date_created: 2026-03-08T23:01:46Z
date_published: 2025-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-09T11:43:38Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: KrCh
doi: 10.46298/theoretics.25.10
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2403.09184'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 2ccf563ae577ee08d82baf752292ca7b
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-03-09T11:39:59Z
date_updated: 2026-03-09T11:39:59Z
file_id: '21417'
file_name: 2026_TheoretiCS_Brazdil.pdf
file_size: 861607
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-03-09T11:39:59Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 4'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 25EE3708-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '267989'
name: Quantitative Reactive Modeling
- _id: 2581B60A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '279307'
name: 'Quantitative Graph Games: Theory and Applications'
- _id: 0599E47C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '863818'
name: 'Formal Methods for Stochastic Models: Algorithms and Applications'
- _id: 25F2ACDE-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: S11402-N23
name: Rigorous Systems Engineering
- _id: 2584A770-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P 23499-N23
name: Modern Graph Algorithmic Techniques in Formal Verification
publication: TheoretiCS
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2751-4838
publication_status: published
publisher: TheoretiCS Foundation
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Learning algorithms for verification of Markov decision processes
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 4
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21431'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Several optical experiments have shown that in magnetic materials, the principal
axes of response tensors can rotate as an odd function of an applied magnetic
field. Here we offer a microscopic explanation of this effect, and we propose
a closely related dc transport phenomenon—an off-diagonal symmetric conductivity,
linear and odd in a magnetic field, which we refer to as linear magnetoconductivity
(LMC). Although LMC has the same functional dependence on a magnetic field as
the Hall effect, its origin is fundamentally different: LMC requires time-reversal
symmetry to be broken even before a magnetic field is applied, and is therefore
a sensitive probe of magnetism. We demonstrate LMC in three different ways: via
a tight-binding toy model, a density functional theory calculation on MnPSe3,
and a semiclassical treatment. The third approach identifies two distinct mechanisms
yielding LMC: momentum-dependent band magnetization and Berry curvature. Finally,
we propose an experimental geometry suitable for detecting LMC, and we demonstrate
its applicability using Landauer-Büttiker simulations. Our results emphasize the
importance of measuring the full conductivity tensor in magnetic materials, and
they introduce LMC as a new transport probe of symmetry.'
article_number: '134407'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Veronika
full_name: Sunko, Veronika
id: 23cb1cf6-2c7a-11ef-91a4-f72fc19f20b3
last_name: Sunko
orcid: 0000-0003-2724-3523
- first_name: C.
full_name: Liu, C.
last_name: Liu
- first_name: M.
full_name: Vila, M.
last_name: Vila
- first_name: I.
full_name: Na, I.
last_name: Na
- first_name: Y.
full_name: Tang, Y.
last_name: Tang
- first_name: V.
full_name: Kozii, V.
last_name: Kozii
- first_name: S. M.
full_name: Griffin, S. M.
last_name: Griffin
- first_name: J. E.
full_name: Moore, J. E.
last_name: Moore
- first_name: J.
full_name: Orenstein, J.
last_name: Orenstein
citation:
ama: Sunko V, Liu C, Vila M, et al. Linear magnetoconductivity as a probe of time-reversal
symmetry breaking. Physical Review B. 2025;112(13). doi:10.1103/33ns-8gwj
apa: Sunko, V., Liu, C., Vila, M., Na, I., Tang, Y., Kozii, V., … Orenstein, J.
(2025). Linear magnetoconductivity as a probe of time-reversal symmetry breaking.
Physical Review B. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/33ns-8gwj
chicago: Sunko, Veronika, C. Liu, M. Vila, I. Na, Y. Tang, V. Kozii, S. M. Griffin,
J. E. Moore, and J. Orenstein. “Linear Magnetoconductivity as a Probe of Time-Reversal
Symmetry Breaking.” Physical Review B. American Physical Society, 2025.
https://doi.org/10.1103/33ns-8gwj.
ieee: V. Sunko et al., “Linear magnetoconductivity as a probe of time-reversal
symmetry breaking,” Physical Review B, vol. 112, no. 13. American Physical
Society, 2025.
ista: Sunko V, Liu C, Vila M, Na I, Tang Y, Kozii V, Griffin SM, Moore JE, Orenstein
J. 2025. Linear magnetoconductivity as a probe of time-reversal symmetry breaking.
Physical Review B. 112(13), 134407.
mla: Sunko, Veronika, et al. “Linear Magnetoconductivity as a Probe of Time-Reversal
Symmetry Breaking.” Physical Review B, vol. 112, no. 13, 134407, American
Physical Society, 2025, doi:10.1103/33ns-8gwj.
short: V. Sunko, C. Liu, M. Vila, I. Na, Y. Tang, V. Kozii, S.M. Griffin, J.E. Moore,
J. Orenstein, Physical Review B 112 (2025).
date_created: 2026-03-11T10:37:59Z
date_published: 2025-10-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-16T08:22:16Z
day: '06'
doi: 10.1103/33ns-8gwj
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2310.15631'
intvolume: ' 112'
issue: '13'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2310.15631
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Physical Review B
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2469-9969
issn:
- 2469-9950
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Linear magnetoconductivity as a probe of time-reversal symmetry breaking
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 112
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '21432'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The interplay between symmetry and topology in magnetic materials makes it
possible to engineer exotic phases and technologically useful properties. A key
requirement for these pursuits is achieving control over local crystallographic
and magnetic structure, usually through sample morphology (such as synthesis of
bulk crystals versus thin films) and application of magnetic or electric fields.
Here we show that V1/3NbS2 can be crystallized in two ordered superlattices, distinguished
by the periodicity of out-of-plane magnetic intercalants. Whereas one of these
structures is metallic and displays the hallmarks of altermagnetism, the other
superlattice, which has not been isolated before in this family of intercalation
compounds, is a semimetallic noncollinear antiferromagnet that may enable access
to topologically nontrivial properties. This observation of an unconventional
superlattice structure establishes a powerful route for tailoring the tremendous
array of magnetic and electronic behaviors hosted in related materials and may
expand their use in low-power spintronic or topological quantum devices.
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Shannon S.
full_name: Fender, Shannon S.
last_name: Fender
- first_name: Noah
full_name: Schnitzer, Noah
last_name: Schnitzer
- first_name: Wuzhang
full_name: Fang, Wuzhang
last_name: Fang
- first_name: Lopa
full_name: Bhatt, Lopa
last_name: Bhatt
- first_name: Dingbin
full_name: Huang, Dingbin
last_name: Huang
- first_name: Amani
full_name: Malik, Amani
last_name: Malik
- first_name: Oscar
full_name: Gonzalez, Oscar
last_name: Gonzalez
- first_name: Veronika
full_name: Sunko, Veronika
id: 23cb1cf6-2c7a-11ef-91a4-f72fc19f20b3
last_name: Sunko
orcid: 0000-0003-2724-3523
- first_name: Lilia S.
full_name: Xie, Lilia S.
last_name: Xie
- first_name: David A.
full_name: Muller, David A.
last_name: Muller
- first_name: Joseph
full_name: Orenstein, Joseph
last_name: Orenstein
- first_name: Yuan
full_name: Ping, Yuan
last_name: Ping
- first_name: Berit H.
full_name: Goodge, Berit H.
last_name: Goodge
- first_name: D. Kwabena
full_name: Bediako, D. Kwabena
last_name: Bediako
citation:
ama: Fender SS, Schnitzer N, Fang W, et al. Unconventional superlattice ordering
in intercalated transition metal dichalcogenide V1/3NbS2. Journal of the American
Chemical Society. 2025;147(36):32315-32320. doi:10.1021/jacs.5c07385
apa: Fender, S. S., Schnitzer, N., Fang, W., Bhatt, L., Huang, D., Malik, A., …
Bediako, D. K. (2025). Unconventional superlattice ordering in intercalated transition
metal dichalcogenide V1/3NbS2. Journal of the American Chemical Society.
American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c07385
chicago: Fender, Shannon S., Noah Schnitzer, Wuzhang Fang, Lopa Bhatt, Dingbin Huang,
Amani Malik, Oscar Gonzalez, et al. “Unconventional Superlattice Ordering in Intercalated
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide V1/3NbS2.” Journal of the American Chemical
Society. American Chemical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c07385.
ieee: S. S. Fender et al., “Unconventional superlattice ordering in intercalated
transition metal dichalcogenide V1/3NbS2,” Journal of the American Chemical
Society, vol. 147, no. 36. American Chemical Society, pp. 32315–32320, 2025.
ista: Fender SS, Schnitzer N, Fang W, Bhatt L, Huang D, Malik A, Gonzalez O, Sunko
V, Xie LS, Muller DA, Orenstein J, Ping Y, Goodge BH, Bediako DK. 2025. Unconventional
superlattice ordering in intercalated transition metal dichalcogenide V1/3NbS2.
Journal of the American Chemical Society. 147(36), 32315–32320.
mla: Fender, Shannon S., et al. “Unconventional Superlattice Ordering in Intercalated
Transition Metal Dichalcogenide V1/3NbS2.” Journal of the American Chemical
Society, vol. 147, no. 36, American Chemical Society, 2025, pp. 32315–20,
doi:10.1021/jacs.5c07385.
short: S.S. Fender, N. Schnitzer, W. Fang, L. Bhatt, D. Huang, A. Malik, O. Gonzalez,
V. Sunko, L.S. Xie, D.A. Muller, J. Orenstein, Y. Ping, B.H. Goodge, D.K. Bediako,
Journal of the American Chemical Society 147 (2025) 32315–32320.
date_created: 2026-03-11T10:38:20Z
date_published: 2025-08-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-16T08:30:44Z
day: '29'
ddc:
- '540'
doi: 10.1021/jacs.5c07385
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2506.22686'
pmid:
- '40882980'
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 147'
issue: '36'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1021/jacs.5c07385
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 32315-32320
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of the American Chemical Society
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1520-5126
issn:
- 0002-7863
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Unconventional superlattice ordering in intercalated transition metal dichalcogenide
V1/3NbS2
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 147
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21433'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Altermagnets, magnetic materials with zero magnetization and spin-split band
structure, have gained tremendous attention recently for their rich physics and
potential applications. Here, we report on a microscopic tight-binding model that
unveils a unique coupling between orbitals and spins in \U0001D451-wave altermagnets,
which gives rise to momentum-dependent and spin-selective optical absorption.
This coupling promotes the controlled optical excitation of up or down spins depending
on the polarization direction of linearly polarized light. Such an effect originates
from the coupling of orbitals to the sublattice degree of freedom through the
crystal field, which is then coupled to spins through the antiferromagnetic interaction.
Our crystal field analysis, which is general to any type of altermagnet, helps
understand the onset of altermagnetism from a microscopic point of view, and we
use our results to propose clear magneto-optical signatures of our predictions.
Our findings shine light on the interplay between orbitals and spins in altermagnets,
thus paving the way towards novel orbitronic and optospintronic devices."
article_number: L020401
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Marc
full_name: Vila, Marc
last_name: Vila
- first_name: Veronika
full_name: Sunko, Veronika
id: 23cb1cf6-2c7a-11ef-91a4-f72fc19f20b3
last_name: Sunko
orcid: 0000-0003-2724-3523
- first_name: Joel E.
full_name: Moore, Joel E.
last_name: Moore
citation:
ama: Vila M, Sunko V, Moore JE. Orbital-spin locking and its optical signatures
in altermagnets. Physical Review B. 2025;112(2). doi:10.1103/bzzy-ngcs
apa: Vila, M., Sunko, V., & Moore, J. E. (2025). Orbital-spin locking and its
optical signatures in altermagnets. Physical Review B. American Physical
Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/bzzy-ngcs
chicago: Vila, Marc, Veronika Sunko, and Joel E. Moore. “Orbital-Spin Locking and
Its Optical Signatures in Altermagnets.” Physical Review B. American Physical
Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1103/bzzy-ngcs.
ieee: M. Vila, V. Sunko, and J. E. Moore, “Orbital-spin locking and its optical
signatures in altermagnets,” Physical Review B, vol. 112, no. 2. American
Physical Society, 2025.
ista: Vila M, Sunko V, Moore JE. 2025. Orbital-spin locking and its optical signatures
in altermagnets. Physical Review B. 112(2), L020401.
mla: Vila, Marc, et al. “Orbital-Spin Locking and Its Optical Signatures in Altermagnets.”
Physical Review B, vol. 112, no. 2, L020401, American Physical Society,
2025, doi:10.1103/bzzy-ngcs.
short: M. Vila, V. Sunko, J.E. Moore, Physical Review B 112 (2025).
date_created: 2026-03-11T10:38:52Z
date_published: 2025-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-16T08:37:20Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1103/bzzy-ngcs
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2410.23513'
intvolume: ' 112'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2410.23513
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Physical Review B
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2469-9969
issn:
- 2469-9950
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Orbital-spin locking and its optical signatures in altermagnets
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 112
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21434'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Goldstone modes acquire a frequency gap in the presence of perturbations that
break the underlying continuous symmetry. Here, we study the response of a spin-based
Goldstone mode to strain and magnetic field in the broken helix, a multi-$\textbf{Q}$
phase of EuIn$_2$As$_2$. Optical polarimetry with spatial and temporal resolution
allows us to access information about both the structure and frequency of optically
excited spin-wave modes under different strain conditions. We observe nearly uniform
spin precession characteristic of a Goldstone mode only when magnetic field dominates
over strain. In this regime, the frequency depends linearly on the applied field.
A symmetry analysis for predicting the mode frequency near zero field demonstrates
that the observed scaling is of the lowest allowed order. This work thus demonstrates
the connections between magnetic symmetries and the frequency dependence of the
Goldstone mode in an external field, and illustrates the power of our technique
for studying the dynamics of complex magnets.
article_number: '2501.09084'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Alex Liebman-Pelaez
full_name: Alex Liebman-Pelaez, Alex Liebman-Pelaez
last_name: Alex Liebman-Pelaez
- first_name: Samuel J.
full_name: Garratt, Samuel J.
last_name: Garratt
- first_name: Veronika
full_name: Sunko, Veronika
id: 23cb1cf6-2c7a-11ef-91a4-f72fc19f20b3
last_name: Sunko
orcid: 0000-0003-2724-3523
- first_name: Yue
full_name: Sun, Yue
last_name: Sun
- first_name: Jian R.
full_name: Soh, Jian R.
last_name: Soh
- first_name: Dharmalingam
full_name: Prabhakaran, Dharmalingam
last_name: Prabhakaran
- first_name: Andrew T.
full_name: Boothroyd, Andrew T.
last_name: Boothroyd
- first_name: Joseph
full_name: Orenstein, Joseph
last_name: Orenstein
citation:
ama: Alex Liebman-Pelaez AL-P, Garratt SJ, Sunko V, et al. Goldstone mode of the
broken helix in U(1) magnet EuIn2As2. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2501.09084
apa: Alex Liebman-Pelaez, A. L.-P., Garratt, S. J., Sunko, V., Sun, Y., Soh, J.
R., Prabhakaran, D., … Orenstein, J. (n.d.). Goldstone mode of the broken helix
in U(1) magnet EuIn2As2. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.09084
chicago: Alex Liebman-Pelaez, Alex Liebman-Pelaez, Samuel J. Garratt, Veronika Sunko,
Yue Sun, Jian R. Soh, Dharmalingam Prabhakaran, Andrew T. Boothroyd, and Joseph
Orenstein. “Goldstone Mode of the Broken Helix in U(1) Magnet EuIn2As2.” ArXiv,
n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.09084.
ieee: A. L.-P. Alex Liebman-Pelaez et al., “Goldstone mode of the broken
helix in U(1) magnet EuIn2As2,” arXiv. .
ista: Alex Liebman-Pelaez AL-P, Garratt SJ, Sunko V, Sun Y, Soh JR, Prabhakaran
D, Boothroyd AT, Orenstein J. Goldstone mode of the broken helix in U(1) magnet
EuIn2As2. arXiv, 2501.09084.
mla: Alex Liebman-Pelaez, Alex Liebman-Pelaez, et al. “Goldstone Mode of the Broken
Helix in U(1) Magnet EuIn2As2.” ArXiv, 2501.09084, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2501.09084.
short: A.L.-P. Alex Liebman-Pelaez, S.J. Garratt, V. Sunko, Y. Sun, J.R. Soh, D.
Prabhakaran, A.T. Boothroyd, J. Orenstein, ArXiv (n.d.).
date_created: 2026-03-11T10:39:20Z
date_published: 2025-01-15T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-16T08:39:57Z
day: '15'
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2501.09084
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2501.09084'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2501.09084
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: arXiv
publication_status: submitted
status: public
title: Goldstone mode of the broken helix in U(1) magnet EuIn2As2
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21435'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Multiferroic materials, in which electric polarization and magnetic order
coexist and couple, offer rich opportunities for both fundamental discovery and
technology. However, multiferroicity remains rare due to conflicting electronic
requirements for ferroelectricity and magnetism. One route to circumvent this
challenge is to exploit the noncollinear ordering of spin cycloids, whose symmetry
permits the emergence of polar order. In this work, we introduce another pathway
to multiferroic order in which strain generates polarization in materials that
host nonpolar spin spirals. To demonstrate this phenomenon, we chose the spin
spiral in the well-studied helimagnet Cr1/3NbS2. To detect the induced polarization,
we introduce the technique of magnetoelectric birefringence (MEB), an optical
probe that enables spatially-resolved and unambiguous detection of polar order.
By combining MEB imaging with strain engineering, we confirm the onset of a polar
vector at the magnetic transition, establishing strained Cr1/3NbS2 as a type-II
multiferroic.
acknowledgement: "Y.S., V.S. and J.O. received support from the Gordon and Betty Moore
Foundation’s\r\nEPiQS Initiative through Grant GBMF4537 to J.O. at UC Berkeley.
Experimental and theoretical work at LBNL and UC Berkeley was funded by the Quantum
Materials (KC2202) program under the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Office of Basic Energy Sciences,\r\nMaterials Sciences and Engineering Division
under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231.\r\nY.S. also acknowledges support by the David
J. Thouless Postdoctoral Fellowship at the\r\nDepartment of Physics, University
of Washington. DGM acknowledges support from the\r\nGordon and Betty Moore Foundation’s
EPiQS Initiative, Grant GBMF9069. L.Z. acknowledges the support from the U.S. Department
of Energy (DOE), Office of Science, Basic\r\nEnergy Science (BES), under award No.
DE-SC0024145"
article_number: '2510.11619'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Y.
full_name: Sun, Y.
last_name: Sun
- first_name: Y.
full_name: Ahn, Y.
last_name: Ahn
- first_name: D.
full_name: Sapkota, D.
last_name: Sapkota
- first_name: H. S.
full_name: Arachchige, H. S.
last_name: Arachchige
- first_name: R.
full_name: Xue, R.
last_name: Xue
- first_name: S.
full_name: Mozaffari, S.
last_name: Mozaffari
- first_name: D. G.
full_name: Mandrus, D. G.
last_name: Mandrus
- first_name: L.
full_name: Zhao, L.
last_name: Zhao
- first_name: J.
full_name: Orenstein, J.
last_name: Orenstein
- first_name: Veronika
full_name: Sunko, Veronika
id: 23cb1cf6-2c7a-11ef-91a4-f72fc19f20b3
last_name: Sunko
orcid: 0000-0003-2724-3523
citation:
ama: Sun Y, Ahn Y, Sapkota D, et al. Strain-induced multiferroicity in Cr1/3NbS2.
arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2510.11619
apa: Sun, Y., Ahn, Y., Sapkota, D., Arachchige, H. S., Xue, R., Mozaffari, S., …
Sunko, V. (n.d.). Strain-induced multiferroicity in Cr1/3NbS2. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.11619
chicago: Sun, Y., Y. Ahn, D. Sapkota, H. S. Arachchige, R. Xue, S. Mozaffari, D.
G. Mandrus, L. Zhao, J. Orenstein, and Veronika Sunko. “Strain-Induced Multiferroicity
in Cr1/3NbS2.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.11619.
ieee: Y. Sun et al., “Strain-induced multiferroicity in Cr1/3NbS2,” arXiv.
.
ista: Sun Y, Ahn Y, Sapkota D, Arachchige HS, Xue R, Mozaffari S, Mandrus DG, Zhao
L, Orenstein J, Sunko V. Strain-induced multiferroicity in Cr1/3NbS2. arXiv, 2510.11619.
mla: Sun, Y., et al. “Strain-Induced Multiferroicity in Cr1/3NbS2.” ArXiv,
2510.11619, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2510.11619.
short: Y. Sun, Y. Ahn, D. Sapkota, H.S. Arachchige, R. Xue, S. Mozaffari, D.G. Mandrus,
L. Zhao, J. Orenstein, V. Sunko, ArXiv (n.d.).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-03-11T10:39:44Z
date_published: 2025-10-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-16T08:43:57Z
day: '13'
department:
- _id: VeSu
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2510.11619
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2510.11619'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2510.11619
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: arXiv
publication_status: submitted
status: public
title: Strain-induced multiferroicity in Cr1/3NbS2
type: preprint
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21474'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Rendering novel, relit views of a human head, given a monocular portrait image
as input, is an inherently underconstrained problem. The traditional graphics
solution is to explicitly decompose the input image into geometry, material and
lighting via differentiable rendering; but this is constrained by the multiple
assumptions and approximations of the underlying models and parameterizations
of these scene components. We propose 3DPR, an image-based relighting model that
leverages generative priors learnt from multi-view One-Light-at-A-Time (OLAT)
images captured in a light stage. We introduce a new diverse and large-scale multi-view
4K OLAT dataset of 139 subjects to learn a high-quality prior over the distribution
of high-frequency face reflectance. We leverage the latent space of a pre-trained
generative head model that provides a rich prior over face geometry learnt from
in-the-wild image datasets. The input portrait is first embedded in the latent
manifold of such a model through an encoder-based inversion process. Then a novel
triplane-based reflectance network trained on our lightstage data is used to synthesize
high-fidelity OLAT images to enable image-based relighting. Our reflectance network
operates in the latent space of the generative head model, crucially enabling
a relatively small number of lightstage images to train the reflectance model.
Combining the generated OLATs according to a given HDRI environment maps yields
physically accurate environmental relighting results. Through quantitative and
qualitative evaluations, we demonstrate that 3DPR outperforms previous methods,
particularly in preserving identity and in capturing lighting effects such as
specularities, self-shadows, and subsurface scattering.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the ERC Consolidator Grant 4DReply (770784)
and Saarbrücken Research Center for Visual Comput- ing, Interaction, and AI. We
thank Oleksandr Sotnychenko for helping us with setting up data capture. Finally,
we thank Shrisha Bharadwaj for discussions, proofreading and innumerable support.
article_number: '108'
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Pramod
full_name: Rao, Pramod
last_name: Rao
- first_name: Abhimitra
full_name: Meka, Abhimitra
last_name: Meka
- first_name: Xilong
full_name: Zhou, Xilong
last_name: Zhou
- first_name: Gereon
full_name: Fox, Gereon
last_name: Fox
- first_name: B. R.
full_name: Mallikarjun, B. R.
last_name: Mallikarjun
- first_name: Fangneng
full_name: Zhan, Fangneng
last_name: Zhan
- first_name: Tim
full_name: Weyrich, Tim
last_name: Weyrich
- first_name: Bernd
full_name: Bickel, Bernd
id: 49876194-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Bickel
orcid: 0000-0001-6511-9385
- first_name: Hanspeter
full_name: Pfister, Hanspeter
last_name: Pfister
- first_name: Wojciech
full_name: Matusik, Wojciech
last_name: Matusik
- first_name: Thabo
full_name: Beeler, Thabo
last_name: Beeler
- first_name: Mohamed
full_name: Elgharib, Mohamed
last_name: Elgharib
- first_name: Marc
full_name: Habermann, Marc
last_name: Habermann
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Theobalt, Christian
last_name: Theobalt
citation:
ama: 'Rao P, Meka A, Zhou X, et al. 3DPR: Single image 3D portrait relighting with
generative priors. In: Proceedings SIGGRAPH Asia 2025 Conference Papers 2025.
Association for Computing Machinery; 2025. doi:10.1145/3757377.3763962'
apa: 'Rao, P., Meka, A., Zhou, X., Fox, G., Mallikarjun, B. R., Zhan, F., … Theobalt,
C. (2025). 3DPR: Single image 3D portrait relighting with generative priors. In
Proceedings SIGGRAPH Asia 2025 Conference Papers 2025. Hong Kong, Hong
Kong: Association for Computing Machinery. https://doi.org/10.1145/3757377.3763962'
chicago: 'Rao, Pramod, Abhimitra Meka, Xilong Zhou, Gereon Fox, B. R. Mallikarjun,
Fangneng Zhan, Tim Weyrich, et al. “3DPR: Single Image 3D Portrait Relighting
with Generative Priors.” In Proceedings SIGGRAPH Asia 2025 Conference Papers
2025. Association for Computing Machinery, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1145/3757377.3763962.'
ieee: 'P. Rao et al., “3DPR: Single image 3D portrait relighting with generative
priors,” in Proceedings SIGGRAPH Asia 2025 Conference Papers 2025, Hong
Kong, Hong Kong, 2025.'
ista: 'Rao P, Meka A, Zhou X, Fox G, Mallikarjun BR, Zhan F, Weyrich T, Bickel B,
Pfister H, Matusik W, Beeler T, Elgharib M, Habermann M, Theobalt C. 2025. 3DPR:
Single image 3D portrait relighting with generative priors. Proceedings SIGGRAPH
Asia 2025 Conference Papers 2025. SA: SIGGRAPH Asia, 108.'
mla: 'Rao, Pramod, et al. “3DPR: Single Image 3D Portrait Relighting with Generative
Priors.” Proceedings SIGGRAPH Asia 2025 Conference Papers 2025, 108, Association
for Computing Machinery, 2025, doi:10.1145/3757377.3763962.'
short: P. Rao, A. Meka, X. Zhou, G. Fox, B.R. Mallikarjun, F. Zhan, T. Weyrich,
B. Bickel, H. Pfister, W. Matusik, T. Beeler, M. Elgharib, M. Habermann, C. Theobalt,
in:, Proceedings SIGGRAPH Asia 2025 Conference Papers 2025, Association for Computing
Machinery, 2025.
conference:
end_date: 2025-12-18
location: Hong Kong, Hong Kong
name: 'SA: SIGGRAPH Asia'
start_date: 2025-12-15
date_created: 2026-03-22T23:04:35Z
date_published: 2025-12-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-03-23T14:45:58Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: BeBi
doi: 10.1145/3757377.3763962
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2510.15846'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: a3dc426cdf7bbd84a192e5140bb3bb49
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-03-23T14:41:07Z
date_updated: 2026-03-23T14:41:07Z
file_id: '21479'
file_name: 2025_SiggraphAsia_Rao.pdf
file_size: 57903731
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-03-23T14:41:07Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Proceedings SIGGRAPH Asia 2025 Conference Papers 2025
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9798400721373'
publication_status: published
publisher: Association for Computing Machinery
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: '3DPR: Single image 3D portrait relighting with generative priors'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial 4.0 International (CC BY-NC 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC (4.0)
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21515'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The property of a physical system is highly dependent on its dimensionality.
Topological physics in three or more dimensions exhibits rich phenomena without
lower-dimensional counterparts. In this paper, the authors propose a scheme to
implement such high-dimensional topological physics in a single photonic ring
resonator, where the model of interest can be arbitrarily high dimensional and
arbitrarily multi-band. The frequency modes in the resonator, coupled via electro-optic
modulation, are used to create a high-dimensional lattice, and the spatial modes
are used as the pseudo-spin degree of freedom within each lattice site. The band
structure of the model can be measured from the transmission spectrum of the ring
resonator. The authors numerically demonstrate as examples a three-dimensional,
two-band model and a five-dimensional, four-band model. This paper establishes
a versatile and programmable platform for high-dimensional topological physics,
paving the way for its experimental studies and future applications.
article_number: '100163'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Dali
full_name: Cheng, Dali
last_name: Cheng
- first_name: Heming
full_name: Wang, Heming
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Charles
full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Janet
full_name: Zhong, Janet
last_name: Zhong
- first_name: Shanhui
full_name: Fan, Shanhui
last_name: Fan
citation:
ama: Cheng D, Wang H, Roques-Carmes C, Zhong J, Fan S. Creating high-dimensional
topological physics using a single ring resonator. Newton. 2025;1(7). doi:10.1016/j.newton.2025.100163
apa: Cheng, D., Wang, H., Roques-Carmes, C., Zhong, J., & Fan, S. (2025). Creating
high-dimensional topological physics using a single ring resonator. Newton.
Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newton.2025.100163
chicago: Cheng, Dali, Heming Wang, Charles Roques-Carmes, Janet Zhong, and Shanhui
Fan. “Creating High-Dimensional Topological Physics Using a Single Ring Resonator.”
Newton. Elsevier, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.newton.2025.100163.
ieee: D. Cheng, H. Wang, C. Roques-Carmes, J. Zhong, and S. Fan, “Creating high-dimensional
topological physics using a single ring resonator,” Newton, vol. 1, no.
7. Elsevier, 2025.
ista: Cheng D, Wang H, Roques-Carmes C, Zhong J, Fan S. 2025. Creating high-dimensional
topological physics using a single ring resonator. Newton. 1(7), 100163.
mla: Cheng, Dali, et al. “Creating High-Dimensional Topological Physics Using a
Single Ring Resonator.” Newton, vol. 1, no. 7, 100163, Elsevier, 2025,
doi:10.1016/j.newton.2025.100163.
short: D. Cheng, H. Wang, C. Roques-Carmes, J. Zhong, S. Fan, Newton 1 (2025).
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-09-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T08:44:19Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '530'
doi: 10.1016/j.newton.2025.100163
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2208.02368'
intvolume: ' 1'
issue: '7'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2208.02368
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Newton
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2950-6360
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Creating high-dimensional topological physics using a single ring resonator
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 1
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '21521'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Fast-emitting scintillators are essential for advanced diagnostic techniques,
yet many suffer from low radiation attenuation. This trade-off is particularly
pronounced in polymer scintillators, which, despite their fast emission, exhibit
low density and low atomic numbers, limiting the radiation attenuation factor,
resulting in low detection efficiency. Here, we overcome this limitation by creating
a heterostructure scintillator of alternating nanometric layers, combining fast
light-emitting polymer scintillator layers and transparent stopping layers with
a high radiation attenuation factor. The nanolayer thicknesses are tuned to optimize
the penetration depth of recoil electrons in active emissive layers, maximizing
the conversion of X-rays to visible light. This design increases light output
by up to 1.5 times and enhances imaging resolution by a factor of 2 compared to
homogeneous polymer scintillators due to the ability to use thinner samples. These
results demonstrate the potential of heterostructure scintillators as next-generation
detector materials, overcoming the limitations of homogeneous scintillators.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Orr
full_name: Be’er, Orr
last_name: Be’er
- first_name: Avner
full_name: Shultzman, Avner
last_name: Shultzman
- first_name: Rotem
full_name: Strassberg, Rotem
last_name: Strassberg
- first_name: Georgy
full_name: Dosovitskiy, Georgy
last_name: Dosovitskiy
- first_name: Noam
full_name: Veber, Noam
last_name: Veber
- first_name: Roman
full_name: Schuetz, Roman
last_name: Schuetz
- first_name: Charles
full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Ido
full_name: Kaminer, Ido
last_name: Kaminer
- first_name: Yehonadav
full_name: Bekenstein, Yehonadav
last_name: Bekenstein
citation:
ama: Be’er O, Shultzman A, Strassberg R, et al. Heterostructure nanoscintillator
for matching radiation absorbing layers with fast light-emitting layers. Nano
Letters. 2025;25(9):3422-3429. doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353
apa: Be’er, O., Shultzman, A., Strassberg, R., Dosovitskiy, G., Veber, N., Schuetz,
R., … Bekenstein, Y. (2025). Heterostructure nanoscintillator for matching radiation
absorbing layers with fast light-emitting layers. Nano Letters. American
Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353
chicago: Be’er, Orr, Avner Shultzman, Rotem Strassberg, Georgy Dosovitskiy, Noam
Veber, Roman Schuetz, Charles Roques-Carmes, Ido Kaminer, and Yehonadav Bekenstein.
“Heterostructure Nanoscintillator for Matching Radiation Absorbing Layers with
Fast Light-Emitting Layers.” Nano Letters. American Chemical Society, 2025.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353.
ieee: O. Be’er et al., “Heterostructure nanoscintillator for matching radiation
absorbing layers with fast light-emitting layers,” Nano Letters, vol. 25,
no. 9. American Chemical Society, pp. 3422–3429, 2025.
ista: Be’er O, Shultzman A, Strassberg R, Dosovitskiy G, Veber N, Schuetz R, Roques-Carmes
C, Kaminer I, Bekenstein Y. 2025. Heterostructure nanoscintillator for matching
radiation absorbing layers with fast light-emitting layers. Nano Letters. 25(9),
3422–3429.
mla: Be’er, Orr, et al. “Heterostructure Nanoscintillator for Matching Radiation
Absorbing Layers with Fast Light-Emitting Layers.” Nano Letters, vol. 25,
no. 9, American Chemical Society, 2025, pp. 3422–29, doi:10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353.
short: O. Be’er, A. Shultzman, R. Strassberg, G. Dosovitskiy, N. Veber, R. Schuetz,
C. Roques-Carmes, I. Kaminer, Y. Bekenstein, Nano Letters 25 (2025) 3422–3429.
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-02-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T10:05:22Z
day: '19'
ddc:
- '530'
doi: 10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '39969821'
intvolume: ' 25'
issue: '9'
keyword:
- Scintillator
- Heterostructure
- Thin film
- X-ray imaging
- X-ray detector
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1021/acs.nanolett.4c05353
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3422-3429
pmid: 1
publication: Nano Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1530-6992
issn:
- 1530-6984
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Heterostructure nanoscintillator for matching radiation absorbing layers with
fast light-emitting layers
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 25
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21524'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In X-ray tubes, more than 99% of the kilowatts of power supplied to generate
X-rays via bremsstrahlung is lost as heat in the anode. Therefore, thermal management
is a critical barrier to the development of more powerful X-ray tubes with higher
brightness and spatial coherence, which are needed to translate imaging modalities
such as phase-contrast imaging to the clinic. In rotating anode X-ray tubes, the
most common design, thermal radiation is a bottleneck that prevents efficient
cooling of the anode─the hottest part of the device by far. We predict that nanophotonic
patterning of the anode of an X-ray tube enhances heat dissipation via thermal
radiation, enabling it to operate at higher powers without an increase in temperature.
The focal spot size, which is related to the spatial coherence of generated X-rays,
can also be reduced at a constant temperature. A major advantage of our “nanophotonic
thermal management” approach is that in principle, it allows complete control
over the spectrum and direction of thermal radiation, which can lead to optimal
thermal routing and improved performance.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Simo
full_name: Pajovic, Simo
last_name: Pajovic
- first_name: Charles
full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Seou
full_name: Choi, Seou
last_name: Choi
- first_name: Steven E.
full_name: Kooi, Steven E.
last_name: Kooi
- first_name: Rajiv
full_name: Gupta, Rajiv
last_name: Gupta
- first_name: Michael E.
full_name: Zalis, Michael E.
last_name: Zalis
- first_name: Ivan
full_name: Čelanović, Ivan
last_name: Čelanović
- first_name: Marin
full_name: Soljačić, Marin
last_name: Soljačić
citation:
ama: Pajovic S, Roques-Carmes C, Choi S, et al. Nanophotonic thermal management
in X-ray tubes. ACS Nano. 2025;19(35):31363-31370. doi:10.1021/acsnano.5c05186
apa: Pajovic, S., Roques-Carmes, C., Choi, S., Kooi, S. E., Gupta, R., Zalis, M.
E., … Soljačić, M. (2025). Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes. ACS
Nano. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05186
chicago: Pajovic, Simo, Charles Roques-Carmes, Seou Choi, Steven E. Kooi, Rajiv
Gupta, Michael E. Zalis, Ivan Čelanović, and Marin Soljačić. “Nanophotonic Thermal
Management in X-Ray Tubes.” ACS Nano. American Chemical Society, 2025.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.5c05186.
ieee: S. Pajovic et al., “Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes,”
ACS Nano, vol. 19, no. 35. American Chemical Society, pp. 31363–31370,
2025.
ista: Pajovic S, Roques-Carmes C, Choi S, Kooi SE, Gupta R, Zalis ME, Čelanović
I, Soljačić M. 2025. Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes. ACS Nano.
19(35), 31363–31370.
mla: Pajovic, Simo, et al. “Nanophotonic Thermal Management in X-Ray Tubes.” ACS
Nano, vol. 19, no. 35, American Chemical Society, 2025, pp. 31363–70, doi:10.1021/acsnano.5c05186.
short: S. Pajovic, C. Roques-Carmes, S. Choi, S.E. Kooi, R. Gupta, M.E. Zalis, I.
Čelanović, M. Soljačić, ACS Nano 19 (2025) 31363–31370.
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-08-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T08:56:39Z
day: '26'
doi: 10.1021/acsnano.5c05186
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2503.20946'
intvolume: ' 19'
issue: '35'
keyword:
- X-ray tubes
- thermal management
- nanophotonics
- thermal radiation
- X-ray imaging
- high-temperature
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2503.20946
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 31363-31370
publication: ACS Nano
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1936-086X
issn:
- 1936-0851
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Nanophotonic thermal management in X-ray tubes
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 19
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '21530'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Metasurfaces, ultrathin structures composed of subwavelength optical elements,
have revolutionized light manipulation by enabling precise control over electromagnetic
waves’ amplitude, phase, polarization, and spectral properties. Concurrently,
computational imaging leverages algorithms to reconstruct images from optically
processed signals, overcoming the limitations of traditional imaging systems.
This Perspective explores the synergistic integration of metaoptics and computational
imaging, “metaoptic computational imaging”, which combines the physical wavefront
shaping ability of metasurfaces with advanced computational algorithms to enhance
imaging performance beyond conventional limits. We discuss how metaoptic computational
imaging addresses the inherent limitations of single-layer metasurfaces in achieving
multifunctionality without compromising efficiency. By treating metasurfaces as
physical preconditioners and codesigning them with reconstruction algorithms through
end-to-end (inverse) design, it is possible to jointly optimize the optical hardware
and computational software. Advanced applications and new frontiers in the field
enabled by metaoptic computational imaging are highlighted, including phase imaging
and quantum state measurement.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Charles
full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Kai
full_name: Wang, Kai
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Yuanmu
full_name: Yang, Yuanmu
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Arka
full_name: Majumdar, Arka
last_name: Majumdar
- first_name: Zin
full_name: Lin, Zin
last_name: Lin
citation:
ama: Roques-Carmes C, Wang K, Yang Y, Majumdar A, Lin Z. Metaoptic computational
imaging. ACS Photonics. 2025;12(4):1722-1733. doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02266
apa: Roques-Carmes, C., Wang, K., Yang, Y., Majumdar, A., & Lin, Z. (2025).
Metaoptic computational imaging. ACS Photonics. American Chemical Society.
https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02266
chicago: Roques-Carmes, Charles, Kai Wang, Yuanmu Yang, Arka Majumdar, and Zin Lin.
“Metaoptic Computational Imaging.” ACS Photonics. American Chemical Society,
2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02266.
ieee: C. Roques-Carmes, K. Wang, Y. Yang, A. Majumdar, and Z. Lin, “Metaoptic computational
imaging,” ACS Photonics, vol. 12, no. 4. American Chemical Society, pp.
1722–1733, 2025.
ista: Roques-Carmes C, Wang K, Yang Y, Majumdar A, Lin Z. 2025. Metaoptic computational
imaging. ACS Photonics. 12(4), 1722–1733.
mla: Roques-Carmes, Charles, et al. “Metaoptic Computational Imaging.” ACS Photonics,
vol. 12, no. 4, American Chemical Society, 2025, pp. 1722–33, doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02266.
short: C. Roques-Carmes, K. Wang, Y. Yang, A. Majumdar, Z. Lin, ACS Photonics 12
(2025) 1722–1733.
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-02-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T07:12:34Z
day: '13'
doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.4c02266
extern: '1'
intvolume: ' 12'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- nanophotonics
- metasurfaces
- computational imaging
- inverse design
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 1722-1733
publication: ACS Photonics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2330-4022
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Metaoptic computational imaging
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2025'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21531'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Entanglement is a unique feature of quantum mechanics. In coupled systems
of light and matter, entanglement manifests itself in the linear superposition
of multipartite quantum states (e.g., parametrized by the multiple spatial, spectral,
or temporal degrees of freedom of a light field). In bipartite systems, the Schmidt
decomposition provides a modal decomposition of the entanglement structure over
independent, separable states. Although ubiquitous as a mathematical tool to describe
and measure entanglement, there exists no general efficient experimental method
to decompose a bipartite quantum state onto its Schmidt modes. Here, we propose
a method that relies on bipartite self-configuring optics that automatically ``learns''''
the Schmidt decomposition of an arbitrary pure quantum state. Our method is agnostic
to the degrees of freedom over which quantum entanglement is distributed and can
reconstruct the Schmidt modes and values by variational optimization of the network''s
output powers or coincidences. We illustrate our method with numerical examples
of spectral entanglement analysis for biphotons generated via spontaneous parametric
down conversion and provide experimental guidelines for its realization, including
the influence of losses and impurities. Our method provides a versatile and scalable
way of analyzing entanglement in bipartite integrated quantum photonic systems. '
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Charles
full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Aviv
full_name: Karnieli, Aviv
last_name: Karnieli
- first_name: David A. B.
full_name: Miller, David A. B.
last_name: Miller
- first_name: Shanhui
full_name: Fan, Shanhui
last_name: Fan
citation:
ama: Roques-Carmes C, Karnieli A, Miller DAB, Fan S. Automated modal analysis of
entanglement with bipartite self-configuring optics. ACS Photonics. 2025;12(6):3285-3294.
doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00813
apa: Roques-Carmes, C., Karnieli, A., Miller, D. A. B., & Fan, S. (2025). Automated
modal analysis of entanglement with bipartite self-configuring optics. ACS
Photonics. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00813
chicago: Roques-Carmes, Charles, Aviv Karnieli, David A. B. Miller, and Shanhui
Fan. “Automated Modal Analysis of Entanglement with Bipartite Self-Configuring
Optics.” ACS Photonics. American Chemical Society, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00813.
ieee: C. Roques-Carmes, A. Karnieli, D. A. B. Miller, and S. Fan, “Automated modal
analysis of entanglement with bipartite self-configuring optics,” ACS Photonics,
vol. 12, no. 6. American Chemical Society, pp. 3285–3294, 2025.
ista: Roques-Carmes C, Karnieli A, Miller DAB, Fan S. 2025. Automated modal analysis
of entanglement with bipartite self-configuring optics. ACS Photonics. 12(6),
3285–3294.
mla: Roques-Carmes, Charles, et al. “Automated Modal Analysis of Entanglement with
Bipartite Self-Configuring Optics.” ACS Photonics, vol. 12, no. 6, American
Chemical Society, 2025, pp. 3285–94, doi:10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00813.
short: C. Roques-Carmes, A. Karnieli, D.A.B. Miller, S. Fan, ACS Photonics 12 (2025)
3285–3294.
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-05-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T08:42:39Z
day: '28'
doi: 10.1021/acsphotonics.5c00813
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2407.16849'
intvolume: ' 12'
issue: '6'
keyword:
- integrated photonics
- spontaneous parametric down conversion
- entanglement
- quantum teleportation
- reconfigurable optics
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2407.16849
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 3285-3294
publication: ACS Photonics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2330-4022
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Automated modal analysis of entanglement with bipartite self-configuring optics
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2025'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21536'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Scintillators have been widely used in X-ray imaging due to their ability
to convert high-energy radiation into visible light, making them essential for
applications such as medical imaging and high-energy physics. Recent advances
in the artificial structuring of scintillators offer new opportunities for improving
the energy resolution of scintillator-based X-ray detectors. Here, we present
a three-bin energy-resolved X-ray imaging framework based on a three-layer multicolor
scintillator used in conjunction with a physics-aware image postprocessing algorithm.
The multicolor scintillator is able to preserve X-ray energy information through
the combination of emission wavelength multiplexing and energy-dependent isolation
of X-ray absorption in specific layers. The dominant emission color and the radius
of the spot measured by the detector are used to infer the incident X-ray energy
based on prior knowledge of the energy-dependent absorption profiles of the scintillator
stack. Through ab initio Monte Carlo simulations, we show that our approach can
achieve an energy reconstruction accuracy of 49.7%, which is only 2% below the
maximum accuracy achievable with realistic scintillators. We apply our framework
to medical phantom imaging simulations where we demonstrate that it can effectively
differentiate iodine and gadolinium-based contrast agents from bone, muscle, and
soft tissue.
article_number: '158'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Seokhwan
full_name: Min, Seokhwan
last_name: Min
- first_name: Seou
full_name: Choi, Seou
last_name: Choi
- first_name: Simo
full_name: Pajovic, Simo
last_name: Pajovic
- first_name: Sachin
full_name: Vaidya, Sachin
last_name: Vaidya
- first_name: Nicholas
full_name: Rivera, Nicholas
last_name: Rivera
- first_name: Shanhui
full_name: Fan, Shanhui
last_name: Fan
- first_name: Marin
full_name: Soljačić, Marin
last_name: Soljačić
- first_name: Charles
full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
last_name: Roques-Carmes
citation:
ama: 'Min S, Choi S, Pajovic S, et al. End-to-end design of multicolor scintillators
for enhanced energy resolution in X-ray imaging. Light: Science & Applications.
2025;14. doi:10.1038/s41377-025-01836-8'
apa: 'Min, S., Choi, S., Pajovic, S., Vaidya, S., Rivera, N., Fan, S., … Roques-Carmes,
C. (2025). End-to-end design of multicolor scintillators for enhanced energy resolution
in X-ray imaging. Light: Science & Applications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01836-8'
chicago: 'Min, Seokhwan, Seou Choi, Simo Pajovic, Sachin Vaidya, Nicholas Rivera,
Shanhui Fan, Marin Soljačić, and Charles Roques-Carmes. “End-to-End Design of
Multicolor Scintillators for Enhanced Energy Resolution in X-Ray Imaging.” Light:
Science & Applications. Springer Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01836-8.'
ieee: 'S. Min et al., “End-to-end design of multicolor scintillators for
enhanced energy resolution in X-ray imaging,” Light: Science & Applications,
vol. 14. Springer Nature, 2025.'
ista: 'Min S, Choi S, Pajovic S, Vaidya S, Rivera N, Fan S, Soljačić M, Roques-Carmes
C. 2025. End-to-end design of multicolor scintillators for enhanced energy resolution
in X-ray imaging. Light: Science & Applications. 14, 158.'
mla: 'Min, Seokhwan, et al. “End-to-End Design of Multicolor Scintillators for Enhanced
Energy Resolution in X-Ray Imaging.” Light: Science & Applications,
vol. 14, 158, Springer Nature, 2025, doi:10.1038/s41377-025-01836-8.'
short: 'S. Min, S. Choi, S. Pajovic, S. Vaidya, N. Rivera, S. Fan, M. Soljačić,
C. Roques-Carmes, Light: Science & Applications 14 (2025).'
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-04-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T09:13:21Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '530'
doi: 10.1038/s41377-025-01836-8
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2410.08543'
pmid:
- '40210860'
intvolume: ' 14'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41377-025-01836-8
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: 'Light: Science & Applications'
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2047-7538
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: End-to-end design of multicolor scintillators for enhanced energy resolution
in X-ray imaging
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 14
year: '2025'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21541'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Scintillators convert X-ray energy into visible light and are critical for
imaging technologies. Their widespread use relies on scalable, high-quality manufacturing
methods. Nanophotonic scintillators, featuring wavelength-scale nanostructures,
can offer improved emission properties such as higher light yield, shorter decay
times, and enhanced directionality. However, achieving scalable fabrication of
these structures remains challenging. Here, we present a scalable fabrication
method for large-area nanophotonic scintillators based on the self-assembly of
chalcogenide glass photonic crystals. This technique enables the production of
nanophotonic scintillators over wafer-scale areas, achieving a six-fold enhancement
in light yield compared to unpatterned scintillators. By studying surface nanofabrication
disorder, we show its impact on imaging performance and provide a route towards
scintillation enhancements without compromising resolution. We demonstrate the
practical applicability of our nanophotonic scintillators through X-ray imaging
of biological and inorganic specimens. Our results could enable the industrial
implementation of a new generation of nanophotonic-enhanced scintillators.
article_number: '5750'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Louis
full_name: Martin-Monier, Louis
last_name: Martin-Monier
- first_name: Simo
full_name: Pajovic, Simo
last_name: Pajovic
- first_name: Muluneh G.
full_name: Abebe, Muluneh G.
last_name: Abebe
- first_name: Joshua
full_name: Chen, Joshua
last_name: Chen
- first_name: Sachin
full_name: Vaidya, Sachin
last_name: Vaidya
- first_name: Seokhwan
full_name: Min, Seokhwan
last_name: Min
- first_name: Seou
full_name: Choi, Seou
last_name: Choi
- first_name: Steven E.
full_name: Kooi, Steven E.
last_name: Kooi
- first_name: Bjorn
full_name: Maes, Bjorn
last_name: Maes
- first_name: Juejun
full_name: Hu, Juejun
last_name: Hu
- first_name: Marin
full_name: Soljačić, Marin
last_name: Soljačić
- first_name: Charles
full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
last_name: Roques-Carmes
citation:
ama: Martin-Monier L, Pajovic S, Abebe MG, et al. Large-scale self-assembled nanophotonic
scintillators for X-ray imaging. Nature Communications. 2025;16. doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60953-5
apa: Martin-Monier, L., Pajovic, S., Abebe, M. G., Chen, J., Vaidya, S., Min, S.,
… Roques-Carmes, C. (2025). Large-scale self-assembled nanophotonic scintillators
for X-ray imaging. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60953-5
chicago: Martin-Monier, Louis, Simo Pajovic, Muluneh G. Abebe, Joshua Chen, Sachin
Vaidya, Seokhwan Min, Seou Choi, et al. “Large-Scale Self-Assembled Nanophotonic
Scintillators for X-Ray Imaging.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature,
2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60953-5.
ieee: L. Martin-Monier et al., “Large-scale self-assembled nanophotonic scintillators
for X-ray imaging,” Nature Communications, vol. 16. Springer Nature, 2025.
ista: Martin-Monier L, Pajovic S, Abebe MG, Chen J, Vaidya S, Min S, Choi S, Kooi
SE, Maes B, Hu J, Soljačić M, Roques-Carmes C. 2025. Large-scale self-assembled
nanophotonic scintillators for X-ray imaging. Nature Communications. 16, 5750.
mla: Martin-Monier, Louis, et al. “Large-Scale Self-Assembled Nanophotonic Scintillators
for X-Ray Imaging.” Nature Communications, vol. 16, 5750, Springer Nature,
2025, doi:10.1038/s41467-025-60953-5.
short: L. Martin-Monier, S. Pajovic, M.G. Abebe, J. Chen, S. Vaidya, S. Min, S.
Choi, S.E. Kooi, B. Maes, J. Hu, M. Soljačić, C. Roques-Carmes, Nature Communications
16 (2025).
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T07:17:31Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '530'
doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-60953-5
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2410.07141'
intvolume: ' 16'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-60953-5
month: '07'
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Large-scale self-assembled nanophotonic scintillators for X-ray imaging
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2025'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21542'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Nonlinear optics has become the workhorse for countless applications in classical
and quantum optics, from optical bistability to single photon pair generation.
However, the intrinsic weakness of optical nonlinearity and reciprocity of nonlinear
interactions generally places stringent limits on the efficiency of nonlinear
optical processes and their ability to be tailored for advanced applications in
multimode systems. Here, motivated by recent advances in using non-Hermitian photonics
and gain/loss engineering to enable non-reciprocal light transport, we explore
how the interplay between non-Hermiticity and optical nonlinearity leads to a
fundamentally new regime of nonlinear frequency conversion. We show how non-Hermitian
coupling between discrete frequency modes can result in non-reciprocal flow of
energy in a frequency dimension, closely resembling the non-Hermitian skin effect
(NHSE). Applying our theory to a multimode nonlinear cavity supporting cascaded
nonlinear processes, we demonstrate chiral energy flow in a frequency dimension,
leading to long-range frequency shifts of quasi-continuous wave sources, shaped
frequency combs robust to defects and disorder, terahertz (THz) generation far
exceeding the Manley-Rowe limit, and nonlinear multimodal limit cycles for multi-frequency
pump-probe spectroscopy.
article_number: '7544'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sahil
full_name: Pontula, Sahil
last_name: Pontula
- first_name: Sachin
full_name: Vaidya, Sachin
last_name: Vaidya
- first_name: Charles
full_name: Roques-Carmes, Charles
id: e2e68fc9-6505-11ef-a541-eb4e72cc3e82
last_name: Roques-Carmes
- first_name: Shiekh Zia
full_name: Uddin, Shiekh Zia
last_name: Uddin
- first_name: Marin
full_name: Soljačić, Marin
last_name: Soljačić
- first_name: Yannick
full_name: Salamin, Yannick
last_name: Salamin
citation:
ama: Pontula S, Vaidya S, Roques-Carmes C, Uddin SZ, Soljačić M, Salamin Y. Non-reciprocal
frequency conversion in a non-Hermitian multimode nonlinear system. Nature
Communications. 2025;16. doi:10.1038/s41467-025-62853-0
apa: Pontula, S., Vaidya, S., Roques-Carmes, C., Uddin, S. Z., Soljačić, M., &
Salamin, Y. (2025). Non-reciprocal frequency conversion in a non-Hermitian multimode
nonlinear system. Nature Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62853-0
chicago: Pontula, Sahil, Sachin Vaidya, Charles Roques-Carmes, Shiekh Zia Uddin,
Marin Soljačić, and Yannick Salamin. “Non-Reciprocal Frequency Conversion in a
Non-Hermitian Multimode Nonlinear System.” Nature Communications. Springer
Nature, 2025. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62853-0.
ieee: S. Pontula, S. Vaidya, C. Roques-Carmes, S. Z. Uddin, M. Soljačić, and Y.
Salamin, “Non-reciprocal frequency conversion in a non-Hermitian multimode nonlinear
system,” Nature Communications, vol. 16. Springer Nature, 2025.
ista: Pontula S, Vaidya S, Roques-Carmes C, Uddin SZ, Soljačić M, Salamin Y. 2025.
Non-reciprocal frequency conversion in a non-Hermitian multimode nonlinear system.
Nature Communications. 16, 7544.
mla: Pontula, Sahil, et al. “Non-Reciprocal Frequency Conversion in a Non-Hermitian
Multimode Nonlinear System.” Nature Communications, vol. 16, 7544, Springer
Nature, 2025, doi:10.1038/s41467-025-62853-0.
short: S. Pontula, S. Vaidya, C. Roques-Carmes, S.Z. Uddin, M. Soljačić, Y. Salamin,
Nature Communications 16 (2025).
date_created: 2026-03-30T12:22:47Z
date_published: 2025-08-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-27T10:06:42Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '530'
doi: 10.1038/s41467-025-62853-0
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '40813767'
intvolume: ' 16'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-025-62853-0
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Non-reciprocal frequency conversion in a non-Hermitian multimode nonlinear
system
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 16
year: '2025'
...