---
_id: '6589'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Distributed training of massive machine learning models, in particular deep
neural networks, via Stochastic Gradient Descent (SGD) is becoming commonplace.
Several families of communication-reduction methods, such as quantization, large-batch
methods, and gradient sparsification, have been proposed. To date, gradient sparsification
methods--where each node sorts gradients by magnitude, and only communicates a
subset of the components, accumulating the rest locally--are known to yield some
of the largest practical gains. Such methods can reduce the amount of communication
per step by up to \emph{three orders of magnitude}, while preserving model accuracy.
Yet, this family of methods currently has no theoretical justification. This is
the question we address in this paper. We prove that, under analytic assumptions,
sparsifying gradients by magnitude with local error correction provides convergence
guarantees, for both convex and non-convex smooth objectives, for data-parallel
SGD. The main insight is that sparsification methods implicitly maintain bounds
on the maximum impact of stale updates, thanks to selection by magnitude. Our
analysis and empirical validation also reveal that these methods do require analytical
conditions to converge well, justifying existing heuristics.
alternative_title:
- Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Alistarh
orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
- first_name: Torsten
full_name: Hoefler, Torsten
last_name: Hoefler
- first_name: Mikael
full_name: Johansson, Mikael
last_name: Johansson
- first_name: Nikola H
full_name: Konstantinov, Nikola H
id: 4B9D76E4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Konstantinov
orcid: 0009-0009-5204-7621
- first_name: Sarit
full_name: Khirirat, Sarit
last_name: Khirirat
- first_name: Cedric
full_name: Renggli, Cedric
last_name: Renggli
citation:
ama: 'Alistarh D-A, Hoefler T, Johansson M, Konstantinov NH, Khirirat S, Renggli
C. The convergence of sparsified gradient methods. In: 32nd Conference on Neural
Information Processing Systems. Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation;
2018:5973-5983.'
apa: 'Alistarh, D.-A., Hoefler, T., Johansson, M., Konstantinov, N. H., Khirirat,
S., & Renggli, C. (2018). The convergence of sparsified gradient methods.
In 32nd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems (pp. 5973–5983).
Montreal, Canada: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation.'
chicago: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, Torsten Hoefler, Mikael Johansson, Nikola H Konstantinov,
Sarit Khirirat, and Cedric Renggli. “The Convergence of Sparsified Gradient Methods.”
In 32nd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, 5973–83. Neural
Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2018.
ieee: D.-A. Alistarh, T. Hoefler, M. Johansson, N. H. Konstantinov, S. Khirirat,
and C. Renggli, “The convergence of sparsified gradient methods,” in 32nd Conference
on Neural Information Processing Systems, Montreal, Canada, 2018, pp. 5973–5983.
ista: 'Alistarh D-A, Hoefler T, Johansson M, Konstantinov NH, Khirirat S, Renggli
C. 2018. The convergence of sparsified gradient methods. 32nd Conference on Neural
Information Processing Systems. NeurIPS: Conference on Neural Information Processing
Systems, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, , 5973–5983.'
mla: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, et al. “The Convergence of Sparsified Gradient Methods.”
32nd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Neural Information
Processing Systems Foundation, 2018, pp. 5973–83.
short: D.-A. Alistarh, T. Hoefler, M. Johansson, N.H. Konstantinov, S. Khirirat,
C. Renggli, in:, 32nd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems, Neural
Information Processing Systems Foundation, 2018, pp. 5973–5983.
conference:
end_date: 2018-12-08
location: Montreal, Canada
name: 'NeurIPS: Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems'
start_date: 2018-12-02
corr_author: '1'
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2019-06-27T09:32:55Z
date_published: 2018-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-08T05:48:21Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: DaAl
- _id: ChLa
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1809.10505'
isi:
- '000461852000047'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1809.10505
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 5973-5983
project:
- _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '665385'
name: International IST Doctoral Program
publication: 32nd Conference on Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1049-5258
publication_status: published
publisher: Neural Information Processing Systems Foundation
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The convergence of sparsified gradient methods
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '22206'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Cools, Draisma, Payne, and Robeva proved that generic metric graphs that
are "paths of loops" are Brill-Noether general. We show that Brill-Noether generality
does not hold for "trees of loops": the only trees of loops that are Brill-Noether
general are paths of loops. We study various notions of generality and examine
which of these graphs satisfy them.'
article_number: P1.19
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Sameer
full_name: Kailasa, Sameer
last_name: Kailasa
- first_name: Vivian Zieve
full_name: Kuperberg, Vivian Zieve
id: c3bac823-112d-11f0-a3f5-c264f852e697
last_name: Kuperberg
- first_name: Nicholas
full_name: Wawrykow, Nicholas
last_name: Wawrykow
citation:
ama: Kailasa S, Kuperberg VZ, Wawrykow N. Chip-firing on trees of loops. The
Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. 2018;25(1). doi:10.37236/7244
apa: Kailasa, S., Kuperberg, V. Z., & Wawrykow, N. (2018). Chip-firing on trees
of loops. The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. The Electronic Journal
of Combinatorics. https://doi.org/10.37236/7244
chicago: Kailasa, Sameer, Vivian Zieve Kuperberg, and Nicholas Wawrykow. “Chip-Firing
on Trees of Loops.” The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. The Electronic
Journal of Combinatorics, 2018. https://doi.org/10.37236/7244.
ieee: S. Kailasa, V. Z. Kuperberg, and N. Wawrykow, “Chip-firing on trees of loops,”
The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, vol. 25, no. 1. The Electronic
Journal of Combinatorics, 2018.
ista: Kailasa S, Kuperberg VZ, Wawrykow N. 2018. Chip-firing on trees of loops.
The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. 25(1), P1.19.
mla: Kailasa, Sameer, et al. “Chip-Firing on Trees of Loops.” The Electronic
Journal of Combinatorics, vol. 25, no. 1, P1.19, The Electronic Journal of
Combinatorics, 2018, doi:10.37236/7244.
short: S. Kailasa, V.Z. Kuperberg, N. Wawrykow, The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics
25 (2018).
date_created: 2026-06-29T13:01:48Z
date_published: 2018-01-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-14T13:09:11Z
day: '25'
doi: 10.37236/7244
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1706.04164'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.37236/7244
intvolume: ' 25'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Chip-firing
- Metric graphs
- Brill-Noether generality
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1706.04164
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1077-8926
publication_status: published
publisher: The Electronic Journal of Combinatorics
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Chip-firing on trees of loops
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 25
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
_id: '22210'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We disclose a method for the synthesis of chiral colloids from spontaneously
formed hollow sugar-surfactant microtubes with internally confined mobile colloidal
spheres. Key feature of our approach is the grafting of colloid surfaces with
photoresponsive coumarin moieties, which allow for UV-induced, covalent clicking
of colloids into permanent chains, with morphologies set by the colloid-to-tube
diameter ratio. Subsequent dissolution of tube confinement yields aqueous suspensions
that comprise bulk quantities of a variety of linear chains, including single
helical chains of polystyrene colloids. These colloidal equivalents of chiral
(DNA) molecules are intended for microscopic study of chiral dynamics on a single-particle
level.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Samia
full_name: Ouhajji, Samia
last_name: Ouhajji
- first_name: Bas G. P.
full_name: van Ravensteijn, Bas G. P.
last_name: van Ravensteijn
- first_name: Carla
full_name: Fernández-Rico, Carla
id: 492def71-6250-11f0-b278-d41dbd241b62
last_name: Fernández-Rico
- first_name: Kanvaly S.
full_name: Lacina, Kanvaly S.
last_name: Lacina
- first_name: Albert P.
full_name: Philipse, Albert P.
last_name: Philipse
- first_name: Andrei V.
full_name: Petukhov, Andrei V.
last_name: Petukhov
citation:
ama: Ouhajji S, van Ravensteijn BGP, Fernández-Rico C, Lacina KS, Philipse AP, Petukhov
AV. Wet-chemical synthesis of chiral colloids. ACS Nano. 2018;12(12):12089-12095.
doi:10.1021/acsnano.8b05065
apa: Ouhajji, S., van Ravensteijn, B. G. P., Fernández-Rico, C., Lacina, K. S.,
Philipse, A. P., & Petukhov, A. V. (2018). Wet-chemical synthesis of chiral
colloids. ACS Nano. American Chemical Society. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b05065
chicago: Ouhajji, Samia, Bas G. P. van Ravensteijn, Carla Fernández-Rico, Kanvaly
S. Lacina, Albert P. Philipse, and Andrei V. Petukhov. “Wet-Chemical Synthesis
of Chiral Colloids.” ACS Nano. American Chemical Society, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b05065.
ieee: S. Ouhajji, B. G. P. van Ravensteijn, C. Fernández-Rico, K. S. Lacina, A.
P. Philipse, and A. V. Petukhov, “Wet-chemical synthesis of chiral colloids,”
ACS Nano, vol. 12, no. 12. American Chemical Society, pp. 12089–12095,
2018.
ista: Ouhajji S, van Ravensteijn BGP, Fernández-Rico C, Lacina KS, Philipse AP,
Petukhov AV. 2018. Wet-chemical synthesis of chiral colloids. ACS Nano. 12(12),
12089–12095.
mla: Ouhajji, Samia, et al. “Wet-Chemical Synthesis of Chiral Colloids.” ACS
Nano, vol. 12, no. 12, American Chemical Society, 2018, pp. 12089–95, doi:10.1021/acsnano.8b05065.
short: S. Ouhajji, B.G.P. van Ravensteijn, C. Fernández-Rico, K.S. Lacina, A.P.
Philipse, A.V. Petukhov, ACS Nano 12 (2018) 12089–12095.
date_created: 2026-06-30T06:31:31Z
date_published: 2018-11-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-15T06:58:05Z
day: '14'
ddc:
- '540'
doi: 10.1021/acsnano.8b05065
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '30428258'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b05065
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 12'
issue: '12'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1021/acsnano.8b05065
month: '11'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 12089-12095
pmid: 1
publication: ACS Nano
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1936-086X
issn:
- 1936-0851
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Wet-chemical synthesis of chiral colloids
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International
(CC BY-NC-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '131'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'XY systems usually show chromosome-wide compensation of X-linked genes, while
in many ZW systems, compensation is restricted to a minority of dosage-sensitive
genes. Why such differences arose is still unclear. Here, we combine comparative
genomics, transcriptomics and proteomics to obtain a complete overview of the
evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome of Schistosoma parasites. We compare
the Z-chromosome gene content of African (Schistosoma mansoni and S. haematobium)
and Asian (S. japonicum) schistosomes and describe lineage-specific evolutionary
strata. We use these to assess gene expression evolution following sex-linkage.
The resulting patterns suggest a reduction in expression of Z-linked genes in
females, combined with upregulation of the Z in both sexes, in line with the first
step of Ohno’s classic model of dosage compensation evolution. Quantitative proteomics
suggest that post-transcriptional mechanisms do not play a major role in balancing
the expression of Z-linked genes. '
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: CampIT
acknowledgement: We are grateful to Lu Dabing (Soochow University, Suzhou, China)
for providing Schistosoma japonicum samples, to Ariana Macon (IST Austria) and Georgette
Stovall (JLU Giessen) for technical assistance, to IT support at IST Austria for
providing optimal environment to bioinformatic analyses, and to the Vicoso lab for
comments on the manuscript.
article_number: e35684
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Marion A
full_name: Picard, Marion A
id: 2C921A7A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Picard
orcid: 0000-0002-8101-2518
- first_name: Celine
full_name: Cosseau, Celine
last_name: Cosseau
- first_name: Sabrina
full_name: Ferré, Sabrina
last_name: Ferré
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Quack, Thomas
last_name: Quack
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Grevelding, Christoph
last_name: Grevelding
- first_name: Yohann
full_name: Couté, Yohann
last_name: Couté
- first_name: Beatriz
full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz
id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vicoso
orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306
citation:
ama: Picard MAL, Cosseau C, Ferré S, et al. Evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome
of schistosome parasites. eLife. 2018;7. doi:10.7554/eLife.35684
apa: Picard, M. A. L., Cosseau, C., Ferré, S., Quack, T., Grevelding, C., Couté,
Y., & Vicoso, B. (2018). Evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome of schistosome
parasites. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.35684
chicago: Picard, Marion A L, Celine Cosseau, Sabrina Ferré, Thomas Quack, Christoph
Grevelding, Yohann Couté, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Evolution of Gene Dosage on the
Z-Chromosome of Schistosome Parasites.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications,
2018. https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.35684.
ieee: M. A. L. Picard et al., “Evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome
of schistosome parasites,” eLife, vol. 7. eLife Sciences Publications,
2018.
ista: Picard MAL, Cosseau C, Ferré S, Quack T, Grevelding C, Couté Y, Vicoso B.
2018. Evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome of schistosome parasites. eLife.
7, e35684.
mla: Picard, Marion A. L., et al. “Evolution of Gene Dosage on the Z-Chromosome
of Schistosome Parasites.” ELife, vol. 7, e35684, eLife Sciences Publications,
2018, doi:10.7554/eLife.35684.
short: M.A.L. Picard, C. Cosseau, S. Ferré, T. Quack, C. Grevelding, Y. Couté, B.
Vicoso, ELife 7 (2018).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:47Z
date_published: 2018-08-13T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-28T09:45:56Z
day: '13'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: BeVi
doi: 10.7554/eLife.35684
external_id:
isi:
- '000441388200001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: d6331d4385b1fffd6b47b45d5949d841
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2018-12-17T11:55:05Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:43Z
file_id: '5695'
file_name: 2018_eLife_Picard.pdf
file_size: 3158125
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:43Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.7554/eLife.35684
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 7'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 250ED89C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P28842-B22
name: Sex chromosome evolution under male- and female- heterogamety
publication: eLife
publication_status: published
publisher: eLife Sciences Publications
publist_id: '7792'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '5586'
relation: popular_science
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome of schistosome parasites
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 7
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '5586'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Input files and scripts from "Evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome
of schistosome parasites" by Picard M.A.L., et al (2018).
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Beatriz
full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz
id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vicoso
orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306
citation:
ama: Vicoso B. Input files and scripts from “Evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome
of schistosome parasites” by Picard M.A.L., et al (2018). 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:109
apa: Vicoso, B. (2018). Input files and scripts from “Evolution of gene dosage on
the Z-chromosome of schistosome parasites” by Picard M.A.L., et al (2018). Institute
of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:109
chicago: Vicoso, Beatriz. “Input Files and Scripts from ‘Evolution of Gene Dosage
on the Z-Chromosome of Schistosome Parasites’ by Picard M.A.L., et Al (2018).”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:109.
ieee: B. Vicoso, “Input files and scripts from ‘Evolution of gene dosage on the
Z-chromosome of schistosome parasites’ by Picard M.A.L., et al (2018).” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Vicoso B. 2018. Input files and scripts from ‘Evolution of gene dosage on
the Z-chromosome of schistosome parasites’ by Picard M.A.L., et al (2018), Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 10.15479/AT:ISTA:109.
mla: Vicoso, Beatriz. Input Files and Scripts from “Evolution of Gene Dosage
on the Z-Chromosome of Schistosome Parasites” by Picard M.A.L., et Al (2018).
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:109.
short: B. Vicoso, (2018).
contributor:
- first_name: Marion A
id: 2C921A7A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Picard
orcid: 0000-0002-8101-2518
datarep_id: '109'
date_created: 2018-12-12T12:31:40Z
date_published: 2018-07-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-28T09:45:56Z
day: '24'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: BeVi
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:109
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e60b484bd6f55c08eb66a189cb72c923
content_type: application/zip
creator: system
date_created: 2018-12-12T13:02:35Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:08Z
file_id: '5601'
file_name: IST-2018-109-v1+1_SupplementaryMethods.zip
file_size: 11918144
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:08Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:109
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- schistosoma
- Z-chromosome
- gene expression
license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: 250ED89C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: P28842-B22
name: Sex chromosome evolution under male- and female- heterogamety
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '131'
relation: research_paper
status: public
status: public
title: Input files and scripts from "Evolution of gene dosage on the Z-chromosome
of schistosome parasites" by Picard M.A.L., et al (2018)
tmp:
image: /images/cc_0.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0)
short: CC0 (1.0)
type: research_data
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: free access
_id: '13379'
article_number: '1700827'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: editorial
author:
- first_name: David
full_name: Bléger, David
last_name: Bléger
- first_name: Rafal
full_name: Klajn, Rafal
id: 8e84690e-1e48-11ed-a02b-a1e6fb8bb53b
last_name: Klajn
citation:
ama: Bléger D, Klajn R. Integrating macromolecules with molecular switches. Macromolecular
Rapid Communications. 2018;39(1). doi:10.1002/marc.201700827
apa: Bléger, D., & Klajn, R. (2018). Integrating macromolecules with molecular
switches. Macromolecular Rapid Communications. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201700827
chicago: Bléger, David, and Rafal Klajn. “Integrating Macromolecules with Molecular
Switches.” Macromolecular Rapid Communications. Wiley, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201700827.
ieee: D. Bléger and R. Klajn, “Integrating macromolecules with molecular switches,”
Macromolecular Rapid Communications, vol. 39, no. 1. Wiley, 2018.
ista: Bléger D, Klajn R. 2018. Integrating macromolecules with molecular switches.
Macromolecular Rapid Communications. 39(1), 1700827.
mla: Bléger, David, and Rafal Klajn. “Integrating Macromolecules with Molecular
Switches.” Macromolecular Rapid Communications, vol. 39, no. 1, 1700827,
Wiley, 2018, doi:10.1002/marc.201700827.
short: D. Bléger, R. Klajn, Macromolecular Rapid Communications 39 (2018).
date_created: 2023-08-01T09:40:48Z
date_published: 2018-01-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-28T13:45:13Z
day: '08'
doi: 10.1002/marc.201700827
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '29314396'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201700827
intvolume: ' 39'
issue: '1'
keyword:
- Materials Chemistry
- Polymers and Plastics
- Organic Chemistry
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1002/marc.201700827
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Macromolecular Rapid Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1521-3927
issn:
- 1022-1336
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Integrating macromolecules with molecular switches
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 39
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '5996'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'In pipes, turbulence sets in despite the linear stability of the laminar
Hagen–Poiseuille flow. The Reynolds number ( ) for which turbulence first appears
in a given experiment – the ‘natural transition point’ – depends on imperfections
of the set-up, or, more precisely, on the magnitude of finite amplitude perturbations.
At onset, turbulence typically only occupies a certain fraction of the flow, and
this fraction equally is found to differ from experiment to experiment. Despite
these findings, Reynolds proposed that after sufficiently long times, flows may
settle to steady conditions: below a critical velocity, flows should (regardless
of initial conditions) always return to laminar, while above this velocity, eddying
motion should persist. As will be shown, even in pipes several thousand diameters
long, the spatio-temporal intermittent flow patterns observed at the end of the
pipe strongly depend on the initial conditions, and there is no indication that
different flow patterns would eventually settle to a (statistical) steady state.
Exploiting the fact that turbulent puffs do not age (i.e. they are memoryless),
we continuously recreate the puff sequence exiting the pipe at the pipe entrance,
and in doing so introduce periodic boundary conditions for the puff pattern. This
procedure allows us to study the evolution of the flow patterns for arbitrary
long times, and we find that after times in excess of advective time units, indeed
a statistical steady state is reached. Although the resulting flows remain spatio-temporally
intermittent, puff splitting and decay rates eventually reach a balance, so that
the turbulent fraction fluctuates around a well-defined level which only depends
on . In accordance with Reynolds’ proposition, we find that at lower (here 2020),
flows eventually always resume to laminar, while for higher ( ), turbulence persists.
The critical point for pipe flow hence falls in the interval of $2020 , which
is in very good agreement with the recently proposed value of . The latter estimate
was based on single-puff statistics and entirely neglected puff interactions.
Unlike in typical contact processes where such interactions strongly affect the
percolation threshold, in pipe flow, the critical point is only marginally influenced.
Interactions, on the other hand, are responsible for the approach to the statistical
steady state. As shown, they strongly affect the resulting flow patterns, where
they cause ‘puff clustering’, and these regions of large puff densities are observed
to travel across the puff pattern in a wave-like fashion.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: ' We also thank Philipp Maier and the IST Austria workshop for their
dedicated technical support'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Mukund
full_name: Vasudevan, Mukund
id: 3C5A959A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Vasudevan
- first_name: Björn
full_name: Hof, Björn
id: 3A374330-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hof
orcid: 0000-0003-2057-2754
citation:
ama: Vasudevan M, Hof B. The critical point of the transition to turbulence in pipe
flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 2018;839:76-94. doi:10.1017/jfm.2017.923
apa: Vasudevan, M., & Hof, B. (2018). The critical point of the transition to
turbulence in pipe flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. Cambridge University
Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.923
chicago: Vasudevan, Mukund, and Björn Hof. “The Critical Point of the Transition
to Turbulence in Pipe Flow.” Journal of Fluid Mechanics. Cambridge University
Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.923.
ieee: M. Vasudevan and B. Hof, “The critical point of the transition to turbulence
in pipe flow,” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 839. Cambridge University
Press, pp. 76–94, 2018.
ista: Vasudevan M, Hof B. 2018. The critical point of the transition to turbulence
in pipe flow. Journal of Fluid Mechanics. 839, 76–94.
mla: Vasudevan, Mukund, and Björn Hof. “The Critical Point of the Transition to
Turbulence in Pipe Flow.” Journal of Fluid Mechanics, vol. 839, Cambridge
University Press, 2018, pp. 76–94, doi:10.1017/jfm.2017.923.
short: M. Vasudevan, B. Hof, Journal of Fluid Mechanics 839 (2018) 76–94.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2019-02-14T12:50:50Z
date_published: 2018-03-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-28T14:02:09Z
day: '25'
department:
- _id: BjHo
doi: 10.1017/jfm.2017.923
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1709.06372'
isi:
- '000437858300003'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1017/jfm.2017.923
intvolume: ' 839'
isi: 1
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1709.06372
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 76-94
project:
- _id: 25152F3A-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '306589'
name: Decoding the complexity of turbulence at its origin
publication: Journal of Fluid Mechanics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1469-7645
issn:
- 0022-1120
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The critical point of the transition to turbulence in pipe flow
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 839
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '197'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Modern computer vision systems heavily rely on statistical machine learning
models, which typically require large amounts of labeled data to be learned reliably.
Moreover, very recently computer vision research widely adopted techniques for
representation learning, which further increase the demand for labeled data. However,
for many important practical problems there is relatively small amount of labeled
data available, so it is problematic to leverage full potential of the representation
learning methods. One way to overcome this obstacle is to invest substantial resources
into producing large labelled datasets. Unfortunately, this can be prohibitively
expensive in practice. In this thesis we focus on the alternative way of tackling
the aforementioned issue. We concentrate on methods, which make use of weakly-labeled
or even unlabeled data. Specifically, the first half of the thesis is dedicated
to the semantic image segmentation task. We develop a technique, which achieves
competitive segmentation performance and only requires annotations in a form of
global image-level labels instead of dense segmentation masks. Subsequently, we
present a new methodology, which further improves segmentation performance by
leveraging tiny additional feedback from a human annotator. By using our methods
practitioners can greatly reduce the amount of data annotation effort, which is
required to learn modern image segmentation models. In the second half of the
thesis we focus on methods for learning from unlabeled visual data. We study a
family of autoregressive models for modeling structure of natural images and discuss
potential applications of these models. Moreover, we conduct in-depth study of
one of these applications, where we develop the state-of-the-art model for the
probabilistic image colorization task.
acknowledgement: I also gratefully acknowledge the support of NVIDIA Corporation with
the donation of the GPUs used for this research.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Kolesnikov, Alexander
id: 2D157DB6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kolesnikov
citation:
ama: Kolesnikov A. Weakly-supervised segmentation and unsupervised modeling of natural
images. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021
apa: Kolesnikov, A. (2018). Weakly-supervised segmentation and unsupervised modeling
of natural images. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021
chicago: Kolesnikov, Alexander. “Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised
Modeling of Natural Images.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021.
ieee: A. Kolesnikov, “Weakly-supervised segmentation and unsupervised modeling of
natural images,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Kolesnikov A. 2018. Weakly-supervised segmentation and unsupervised modeling
of natural images. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Kolesnikov, Alexander. Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling
of Natural Images. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021.
short: A. Kolesnikov, Weakly-Supervised Segmentation and Unsupervised Modeling of
Natural Images, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:09Z
date_published: 2018-05-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-29T13:22:05Z
day: '25'
ddc:
- '004'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: ChLa
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1021
doi_confirm: '1'
ec_funded: 1
file:
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checksum: bc678e02468d8ebc39dc7267dfb0a1c4
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date_created: 2018-12-12T10:14:57Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:22Z
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date_created: 2019-04-05T09:34:49Z
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file_id: '6225'
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has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '113'
project:
- _id: 2532554C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '308036'
name: Lifelong Learning of Visual Scene Understanding
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7718'
pubrep_id: '1021'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
title: Weakly-supervised segmentation and unsupervised modeling of natural images
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '201'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We describe arrangements of three-dimensional spheres from a geometrical
and topological point of view. Real data (fitting this setup) often consist of
soft spheres which show certain degree of deformation while strongly packing against
each other. In this context, we answer the following questions: If we model a
soft packing of spheres by hard spheres that are allowed to overlap, can we measure
the volume in the overlapped areas? Can we be more specific about the overlap
volume, i.e. quantify how much volume is there covered exactly twice, three times,
or k times? What would be a good optimization criteria that rule the arrangement
of soft spheres while making a good use of the available space? Fixing a particular
criterion, what would be the optimal sphere configuration? The first result of
this thesis are short formulas for the computation of volumes covered by at least
k of the balls. The formulas exploit information contained in the order-k Voronoi
diagrams and its closely related Level-k complex. The used complexes lead to a
natural generalization into poset diagrams, a theoretical formalism that contains
the order-k and degree-k diagrams as special cases. In parallel, we define different
criteria to determine what could be considered an optimal arrangement from a geometrical
point of view. Fixing a criterion, we find optimal soft packing configurations
in 2D and 3D where the ball centers lie on a lattice. As a last step, we use tools
from computational topology on real physical data, to show the potentials of higher-order
diagrams in the description of melting crystals. The results of the experiments
leaves us with an open window to apply the theories developed in this thesis in
real applications.'
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Mabel
full_name: Iglesias Ham, Mabel
id: 41B58C0C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Iglesias Ham
citation:
ama: Iglesias Ham M. Multiple covers with balls. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026
apa: Iglesias Ham, M. (2018). Multiple covers with balls. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026
chicago: Iglesias Ham, Mabel. “Multiple Covers with Balls.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026.
ieee: M. Iglesias Ham, “Multiple covers with balls,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2018.
ista: Iglesias Ham M. 2018. Multiple covers with balls. Institute of Science and
Technology Austria.
mla: Iglesias Ham, Mabel. Multiple Covers with Balls. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026.
short: M. Iglesias Ham, Multiple Covers with Balls, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2018.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:10Z
date_published: 2018-06-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-29T13:24:38Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '514'
- '516'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: HeEd
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026
doi_confirm: '1'
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: dd699303623e96d1478a6ae07210dd05
content_type: application/zip
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2019-02-05T07:43:31Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:24Z
file_id: '5918'
file_name: IST-2018-1025-v2+5_ist-thesis-iglesias-11June2018(1).zip
file_size: 11827713
relation: source_file
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checksum: ba163849a190d2b41d66fef0e4983294
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2019-02-05T07:43:45Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:24Z
file_id: '5919'
file_name: IST-2018-1025-v2+4_ThesisIglesiasFinal11June2018.pdf
file_size: 4783846
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:24Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1026
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '171'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7712'
pubrep_id: '1026'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Herbert
full_name: Edelsbrunner, Herbert
id: 3FB178DA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Edelsbrunner
orcid: 0000-0002-9823-6833
title: Multiple covers with balls
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '68'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The most common assumption made in statistical learning theory is the assumption
of the independent and identically distributed (i.i.d.) data. While being very
convenient mathematically, it is often very clearly violated in practice. This
disparity between the machine learning theory and applications underlies a growing
demand in the development of algorithms that learn from dependent data and theory
that can provide generalization guarantees similar to the independent situations.
This thesis is dedicated to two variants of dependencies that can arise in practice.
One is a dependence on the level of samples in a single learning task. Another
dependency type arises in the multi-task setting when the tasks are dependent
on each other even though the data for them can be i.i.d. In both cases we model
the data (samples or tasks) as stochastic processes and introduce new algorithms
for both settings that take into account and exploit the resulting dependencies.
We prove the theoretical guarantees on the performance of the introduced algorithms
under different evaluation criteria and, in addition, we compliment the theoretical
study by the empirical one, where we evaluate some of the algorithms on two real
world datasets to highlight their practical applicability.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Zimin, Alexander
id: 37099E9C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zimin
citation:
ama: Zimin A. Learning from dependent data. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048
apa: Zimin, A. (2018). Learning from dependent data. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048
chicago: Zimin, Alexander. “Learning from Dependent Data.” Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048.
ieee: A. Zimin, “Learning from dependent data,” Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2018.
ista: Zimin A. 2018. Learning from dependent data. Institute of Science and Technology
Austria.
mla: Zimin, Alexander. Learning from Dependent Data. Institute of Science
and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048.
short: A. Zimin, Learning from Dependent Data, Institute of Science and Technology
Austria, 2018.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:27Z
date_published: 2018-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-29T13:31:12Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '004'
- '519'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: ChLa
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048
doi_confirm: '1'
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: e849dd40a915e4d6c5572b51b517f098
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:32:47Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
file_id: '6253'
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checksum: da092153cec55c97461bd53c45c5d139
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creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:32:47Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
file_id: '6254'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Zimin_Source.zip
file_size: 637490
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:47:40Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH1048
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '92'
project:
- _id: 2532554C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '308036'
name: Lifelong Learning of Visual Scene Understanding
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7986'
pubrep_id: '1048'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Lampert, Christoph
id: 40C20FD2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lampert
orcid: 0000-0001-8622-7887
title: Learning from dependent data
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '83'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "A proof system is a protocol between a prover and a verifier over a common
input in which an honest prover convinces the verifier of the validity of true
statements. Motivated by the success of decentralized cryptocurrencies, exemplified
by Bitcoin, the focus of this thesis will be on proof systems which found applications
in some sustainable alternatives to Bitcoin, such as the Spacemint and Chia cryptocurrencies.
In particular, we focus on proofs of space and proofs of sequential work.\r\nProofs
of space (PoSpace) were suggested as more ecological, economical, and egalitarian
alternative to the energy-wasteful proof-of-work mining of Bitcoin. However, the
state-of-the-art constructions of PoSpace are based on sophisticated graph pebbling
lower bounds, and are therefore complex. Moreover, when these PoSpace are used
in cryptocurrencies like Spacemint, miners can only start mining after ensuring
that a commitment to their space is already added in a special transaction to
the blockchain. Proofs of sequential work (PoSW) are proof systems in which a
prover, upon receiving a statement x and a time parameter T, computes a proof
which convinces the verifier that T time units had passed since x was received.
Whereas Spacemint assumes synchrony to retain some interesting Bitcoin dynamics,
Chia requires PoSW with unique proofs, i.e., PoSW in which it is hard to come
up with more than one accepting proof for any true statement. In this thesis we
construct simple and practically-efficient PoSpace and PoSW. When using our PoSpace
in cryptocurrencies, miners can start mining on the fly, like in Bitcoin, and
unlike current constructions of PoSW, which either achieve efficient verification
of sequential work, or faster-than-recomputing verification of correctness of
proofs, but not both at the same time, ours achieve the best of these two worlds."
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Hamza M
full_name: Abusalah, Hamza M
id: 40297222-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Abusalah
citation:
ama: Abusalah HM. Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies.
2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046
apa: Abusalah, H. M. (2018). Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046
chicago: Abusalah, Hamza M. “Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046.
ieee: H. M. Abusalah, “Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies,”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Abusalah HM. 2018. Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Abusalah, Hamza M. Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046.
short: H.M. Abusalah, Proof Systems for Sustainable Decentralized Cryptocurrencies,
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:32Z
date_published: 2018-09-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-29T13:38:08Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '004'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: KrPi
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046
doi_confirm: '1'
ec_funded: 1
file:
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checksum: c4b5f7d111755d1396787f41886fc674
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T06:43:41Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:11Z
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content_type: application/x-gzip
creator: dernst
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date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:11Z
file_id: '6246'
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file_size: 2029190
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file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:48:11Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:TH_1046
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '59'
project:
- _id: 258C570E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '259668'
name: Provable Security for Physical Cryptography
- _id: 258AA5B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '682815'
name: Teaching Old Crypto New Tricks
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '7971'
pubrep_id: '1046'
related_material:
record:
- id: '559'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1236'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1235'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '1229'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Krzysztof Z
full_name: Pietrzak, Krzysztof Z
id: 3E04A7AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Pietrzak
orcid: 0000-0002-9139-1654
title: Proof systems for sustainable decentralized cryptocurrencies
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '1012'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We prove a new central limit theorem (CLT) for the difference of linear eigenvalue
statistics of a Wigner random matrix H and its minor H and find that the fluctuation
is much smaller than the fluctuations of the individual linear statistics, as
a consequence of the strong correlation between the eigenvalues of H and H. In
particular, our theorem identifies the fluctuation of Kerov's rectangular Young
diagrams, defined by the interlacing eigenvalues ofH and H, around their asymptotic
shape, the Vershik'Kerov'Logan'Shepp curve. Young diagrams equipped with the Plancherel
measure follow the same limiting shape. For this, algebraically motivated, ensemble
a CLT has been obtained in Ivanov and Olshanski [20] which is structurally similar
to our result but the variance is different, indicating that the analogy between
the two models has its limitations. Moreover, our theorem shows that Borodin's
result [7] on the convergence of the spectral distribution of Wigner matrices
to a Gaussian free field also holds in derivative sense.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: László
full_name: Erdös, László
id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Erdös
orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
- first_name: Dominik J
full_name: Schröder, Dominik J
id: 408ED176-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schröder
orcid: 0000-0002-2904-1856
citation:
ama: Erdös L, Schröder DJ. Fluctuations of rectangular young diagrams of interlacing
wigner eigenvalues. International Mathematics Research Notices. 2018;2018(10):3255-3298.
doi:10.1093/imrn/rnw330
apa: Erdös, L., & Schröder, D. J. (2018). Fluctuations of rectangular young
diagrams of interlacing wigner eigenvalues. International Mathematics Research
Notices. Oxford University Press. https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnw330
chicago: Erdös, László, and Dominik J Schröder. “Fluctuations of Rectangular Young
Diagrams of Interlacing Wigner Eigenvalues.” International Mathematics Research
Notices. Oxford University Press, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnw330.
ieee: L. Erdös and D. J. Schröder, “Fluctuations of rectangular young diagrams of
interlacing wigner eigenvalues,” International Mathematics Research Notices,
vol. 2018, no. 10. Oxford University Press, pp. 3255–3298, 2018.
ista: Erdös L, Schröder DJ. 2018. Fluctuations of rectangular young diagrams of
interlacing wigner eigenvalues. International Mathematics Research Notices. 2018(10),
3255–3298.
mla: Erdös, László, and Dominik J. Schröder. “Fluctuations of Rectangular Young
Diagrams of Interlacing Wigner Eigenvalues.” International Mathematics Research
Notices, vol. 2018, no. 10, Oxford University Press, 2018, pp. 3255–98, doi:10.1093/imrn/rnw330.
short: L. Erdös, D.J. Schröder, International Mathematics Research Notices 2018
(2018) 3255–3298.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:41Z
date_published: 2018-05-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-29T13:46:19Z
day: '18'
department:
- _id: LaEr
doi: 10.1093/imrn/rnw330
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1608.05163'
isi:
- '000441668300009'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1093/imrn/rnw330
intvolume: ' 2018'
isi: 1
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1608.05163
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 3255-3298
project:
- _id: 258DCDE6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '338804'
name: Random matrices, universality and disordered quantum systems
publication: International Mathematics Research Notices
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 1073-7928
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
publist_id: '6383'
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '6179'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Fluctuations of rectangular young diagrams of interlacing wigner eigenvalues
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 2018
year: '2018'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '22464'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Field measurements of aboveground net primary productivity (ANPP) in\r\ntemperate
grasslands suggest that both positive and negative asymmetric\r\nresponses to
changes in precipitation (P) may occur. Under normal range of\r\nprecipitation
variability, wet years typically result in ANPP gains being\r\nlarger than ANPP
declines in dry years (positive asymmetry), whereas\r\nincreases in ANPP are lower
in magnitude in extreme wet years compared to\r\nreductions during extreme drought
(negative asymmetry). Whether the current\r\ngeneration of ecosystem models with
a coupled carbon–water system in\r\ngrasslands are capable of simulating these
asymmetric ANPP responses is an\r\nunresolved question. In this study, we evaluated
the simulated responses of\r\ntemperate grassland primary productivity to scenarios
of altered\r\nprecipitation with 14 ecosystem models at three sites: Shortgrass\r\nsteppe
(SGS), Konza Prairie (KNZ) and Stubai Valley meadow (STU), spanning a\r\nrainfall
gradient from dry to moist. We found that (1) the spatial slopes\r\nderived from
modeled primary productivity and precipitation across sites were\r\nsteeper than
the temporal slopes obtained from inter-annual variations, which\r\nwas consistent
with empirical data; (2) the asymmetry of the responses of\r\nmodeled primary
productivity under normal inter-annual precipitation\r\nvariability differed among
models, and the mean of the model ensemble\r\nsuggested a negative asymmetry across
the three sites, which was contrary to\r\nempirical evidence based on filed observations;
(3) the mean sensitivity of\r\nmodeled productivity to rainfall suggested greater
negative response with\r\nreduced precipitation than positive response to an increased
precipitation\r\nunder extreme conditions at the three sites; and (4) gross primary
productivity\r\n(GPP), net primary productivity (NPP), aboveground NPP (ANPP)
and belowground\r\nNPP (BNPP) all showed concave-down nonlinear responses to altered\r\nprecipitation
in all the models, but with different curvatures and mean\r\nvalues. Our results
indicated that most models overestimate the negative\r\ndrought effects and/or
underestimate the positive effects of increased\r\nprecipitation on primary productivity
under normal climate conditions,\r\nhighlighting the need for improving eco-hydrological
processes in those\r\nmodels in the future."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Donghai
full_name: Wu, Donghai
last_name: Wu
- first_name: Philippe
full_name: Ciais, Philippe
last_name: Ciais
- first_name: Nicolas
full_name: Viovy, Nicolas
last_name: Viovy
- first_name: Alan K.
full_name: Knapp, Alan K.
last_name: Knapp
- first_name: Kevin
full_name: Wilcox, Kevin
last_name: Wilcox
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Bahn, Michael
last_name: Bahn
- first_name: Melinda D.
full_name: Smith, Melinda D.
last_name: Smith
- first_name: Sara
full_name: Vicca, Sara
last_name: Vicca
- first_name: Simone
full_name: Fatichi, Simone
id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Jakob
full_name: Zscheischler, Jakob
last_name: Zscheischler
- first_name: Yue
full_name: He, Yue
last_name: He
- first_name: Xiangyi
full_name: Li, Xiangyi
last_name: Li
- first_name: Akihiko
full_name: Ito, Akihiko
last_name: Ito
- first_name: Almut
full_name: Arneth, Almut
last_name: Arneth
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Harper, Anna
last_name: Harper
- first_name: Anna
full_name: Ukkola, Anna
last_name: Ukkola
- first_name: Athanasios
full_name: Paschalis, Athanasios
last_name: Paschalis
- first_name: Benjamin
full_name: Poulter, Benjamin
last_name: Poulter
- first_name: Changhui
full_name: Peng, Changhui
last_name: Peng
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Ricciuto, Daniel
last_name: Ricciuto
- first_name: David
full_name: Reinthaler, David
last_name: Reinthaler
- first_name: Guangsheng
full_name: Chen, Guangsheng
last_name: Chen
- first_name: Hanqin
full_name: Tian, Hanqin
last_name: Tian
- first_name: Hélène
full_name: Genet, Hélène
last_name: Genet
- first_name: Jiafu
full_name: Mao, Jiafu
last_name: Mao
- first_name: Johannes
full_name: Ingrisch, Johannes
last_name: Ingrisch
- first_name: Julia E. S. M.
full_name: Nabel, Julia E. S. M.
last_name: Nabel
- first_name: Julia
full_name: Pongratz, Julia
last_name: Pongratz
- first_name: Lena R.
full_name: Boysen, Lena R.
last_name: Boysen
- first_name: Markus
full_name: Kautz, Markus
last_name: Kautz
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Schmitt, Michael
last_name: Schmitt
- first_name: Patrick
full_name: Meir, Patrick
last_name: Meir
- first_name: Qiuan
full_name: Zhu, Qiuan
last_name: Zhu
- first_name: Roland
full_name: Hasibeder, Roland
last_name: Hasibeder
- first_name: Sebastian
full_name: Sippel, Sebastian
last_name: Sippel
- first_name: Shree R. S.
full_name: Dangal, Shree R. S.
last_name: Dangal
- first_name: Stephen
full_name: Sitch, Stephen
last_name: Sitch
- first_name: Xiaoying
full_name: Shi, Xiaoying
last_name: Shi
- first_name: Yingping
full_name: Wang, Yingping
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Yiqi
full_name: Luo, Yiqi
last_name: Luo
- first_name: Yongwen
full_name: Liu, Yongwen
last_name: Liu
- first_name: Shilong
full_name: Piao, Shilong
last_name: Piao
citation:
ama: Wu D, Ciais P, Viovy N, et al. Asymmetric responses of primary productivity
to altered precipitation simulated by ecosystem models across three long-term
grassland sites. Biogeosciences. 2018;15(11):3421-3437. doi:10.5194/bg-15-3421-2018
apa: Wu, D., Ciais, P., Viovy, N., Knapp, A. K., Wilcox, K., Bahn, M., … Piao, S.
(2018). Asymmetric responses of primary productivity to altered precipitation
simulated by ecosystem models across three long-term grassland sites. Biogeosciences.
Copernicus Publications. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3421-2018
chicago: Wu, Donghai, Philippe Ciais, Nicolas Viovy, Alan K. Knapp, Kevin Wilcox,
Michael Bahn, Melinda D. Smith, et al. “Asymmetric Responses of Primary Productivity
to Altered Precipitation Simulated by Ecosystem Models across Three Long-Term
Grassland Sites.” Biogeosciences. Copernicus Publications, 2018. https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3421-2018.
ieee: D. Wu et al., “Asymmetric responses of primary productivity to altered
precipitation simulated by ecosystem models across three long-term grassland sites,”
Biogeosciences, vol. 15, no. 11. Copernicus Publications, pp. 3421–3437,
2018.
ista: Wu D, Ciais P, Viovy N, Knapp AK, Wilcox K, Bahn M, Smith MD, Vicca S, Fatichi
S, Zscheischler J, He Y, Li X, Ito A, Arneth A, Harper A, Ukkola A, Paschalis
A, Poulter B, Peng C, Ricciuto D, Reinthaler D, Chen G, Tian H, Genet H, Mao J,
Ingrisch J, Nabel JESM, Pongratz J, Boysen LR, Kautz M, Schmitt M, Meir P, Zhu
Q, Hasibeder R, Sippel S, Dangal SRS, Sitch S, Shi X, Wang Y, Luo Y, Liu Y, Piao
S. 2018. Asymmetric responses of primary productivity to altered precipitation
simulated by ecosystem models across three long-term grassland sites. Biogeosciences.
15(11), 3421–3437.
mla: Wu, Donghai, et al. “Asymmetric Responses of Primary Productivity to Altered
Precipitation Simulated by Ecosystem Models across Three Long-Term Grassland Sites.”
Biogeosciences, vol. 15, no. 11, Copernicus Publications, 2018, pp. 3421–37,
doi:10.5194/bg-15-3421-2018.
short: D. Wu, P. Ciais, N. Viovy, A.K. Knapp, K. Wilcox, M. Bahn, M.D. Smith, S.
Vicca, S. Fatichi, J. Zscheischler, Y. He, X. Li, A. Ito, A. Arneth, A. Harper,
A. Ukkola, A. Paschalis, B. Poulter, C. Peng, D. Ricciuto, D. Reinthaler, G. Chen,
H. Tian, H. Genet, J. Mao, J. Ingrisch, J.E.S.M. Nabel, J. Pongratz, L.R. Boysen,
M. Kautz, M. Schmitt, P. Meir, Q. Zhu, R. Hasibeder, S. Sippel, S.R.S. Dangal,
S. Sitch, X. Shi, Y. Wang, Y. Luo, Y. Liu, S. Piao, Biogeosciences 15 (2018) 3421–3437.
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:23Z
date_published: 2018-06-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-30T06:02:08Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '550'
doi: 10.5194/bg-15-3421-2018
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3421-2018
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 15'
issue: '11'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5194/bg-15-3421-2018
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3421-3437
publication: Biogeosciences
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1726-4189
issn:
- 1726-4170
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Asymmetric responses of primary productivity to altered precipitation simulated
by ecosystem models across three long-term grassland sites
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 15
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: free access
_id: '22481'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Water transit times and flow pathways are crucial elements in characterizing
catchment hydrologic response. Understanding their variability in space and time
sheds light on the link between discharge formation and water quality at the catchment
scale. Here, we introduce a novel modeling framework to explore water transport
mechanisms using the Hafren catchment in Wales (UK) as a case study. We show that
a fully distributed hydrological model coupled with a transport component for
conservative tracers is useful in analyzing how hydrometeorological conditions
and spatial heterogeneity may affect water transit times and age distributions
in a real catchment. We use the model to track the paths of water parcels that
entered the catchment as rainfall over 2 years, labeling each day of rain individually.
There is a reasonable agreement between tracer simulations and observations, suggesting
that dynamic transit time distributions (TTDs) both forward and backward in time
can be approximated using a high spatial and temporal resolution hydrochemical
model, without assuming a priori any transit and storage selection functions at
the catchment scale. TTDs are quantified for the modeled internal dynamics of
the study catchment. TTDs conditional on a given rainfall time are mostly correlated
to the season in which the rain event occurs, whereas TTDs conditional on a given
exit time are mostly affected by catchment wetness. When TTDs for individual rainfall
events are re‐scaled as functions of cumulative discharge, they collapse around
a single common distribution, suggesting a potential characteristic catchment
function.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Federica
full_name: Remondi, Federica
last_name: Remondi
- first_name: James W.
full_name: Kirchner, James W.
last_name: Kirchner
- first_name: Paolo
full_name: Burlando, Paolo
last_name: Burlando
- first_name: Simone
full_name: Fatichi, Simone
id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
last_name: Fatichi
citation:
ama: Remondi F, Kirchner JW, Burlando P, Fatichi S. Water flux tracking with a distributed
hydrological model to quantify controls on the spatio-temporal variability of
transit time distributions. Water Resources Research. 2018;54(4):3081-3099.
doi:10.1002/2017wr021689
apa: Remondi, F., Kirchner, J. W., Burlando, P., & Fatichi, S. (2018). Water
flux tracking with a distributed hydrological model to quantify controls on the
spatio-temporal variability of transit time distributions. Water Resources
Research. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr021689
chicago: Remondi, Federica, James W. Kirchner, Paolo Burlando, and Simone Fatichi.
“Water Flux Tracking with a Distributed Hydrological Model to Quantify Controls
on the Spatio-Temporal Variability of Transit Time Distributions.” Water Resources
Research. American Geophysical Union, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr021689.
ieee: F. Remondi, J. W. Kirchner, P. Burlando, and S. Fatichi, “Water flux tracking
with a distributed hydrological model to quantify controls on the spatio-temporal
variability of transit time distributions,” Water Resources Research, vol.
54, no. 4. American Geophysical Union, pp. 3081–3099, 2018.
ista: Remondi F, Kirchner JW, Burlando P, Fatichi S. 2018. Water flux tracking with
a distributed hydrological model to quantify controls on the spatio-temporal variability
of transit time distributions. Water Resources Research. 54(4), 3081–3099.
mla: Remondi, Federica, et al. “Water Flux Tracking with a Distributed Hydrological
Model to Quantify Controls on the Spatio-Temporal Variability of Transit Time
Distributions.” Water Resources Research, vol. 54, no. 4, American Geophysical
Union, 2018, pp. 3081–99, doi:10.1002/2017wr021689.
short: F. Remondi, J.W. Kirchner, P. Burlando, S. Fatichi, Water Resources Research
54 (2018) 3081–3099.
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:23Z
date_published: 2018-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-30T05:57:58Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1002/2017wr021689
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1002/2017wr021689
intvolume: ' 54'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1002/2017WR021689
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3081-3099
publication: Water Resources Research
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1944-7973
issn:
- 0043-1397
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Water flux tracking with a distributed hydrological model to quantify controls
on the spatio-temporal variability of transit time distributions
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 54
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: free access
_id: '22440'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Large uncertainties on the sensitivity of Amazon forests to drought exist.
Even though water stress should suppress photosynthesis and enhance tree mortality,
a green‐up has been often observed during the dry season. This interplay between
climatic forcing and forest phenology is poorly understood and inadequately represented
in most of existing dynamic global vegetation models calling for an improved description
of the Amazon seasonal dynamics. Recent findings on tropical leaf phenology are
incorporated in the state‐of‐the‐art eco‐hydrological model Thetys & Chloris.
The new model accounts for a mechanistic light‐controlled leaf development, synchronized
dry‐season litterfall, and an age‐dependent leaf photosynthetic capacity. Simulation
results from 32 sites in the Amazon basin over a 15‐year period successfully mimic
the seasonality of gross primary productivity; evapotranspiration (ET); as well
as leaf area index, leaf age, and leaf productivity. Representation of tropical
leaf phenology reproduces the observed dry‐season greening, reduces simulated
gross primary productivity, and does not alter ET, when compared with simulations
without phenology. Tolerance to dry periods, with the exception of major drought
events, is simulated by the model. Deep roots rather than leaf area index regulation
mechanisms control the response to short‐term droughts, but legacy effects can
exacerbate multiyear water stress. Our results provide a novel mechanistic approach
to model leaf phenology and flux seasonality in the tropics, reconciling the generally
observed dry‐season greening, ET seasonality, and decreased carbon uptake during
severe droughts.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Manoli, Gabriele
last_name: Manoli
- first_name: Valeriy Y.
full_name: Ivanov, Valeriy Y.
last_name: Ivanov
- first_name: Simone
full_name: Fatichi, Simone
id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
last_name: Fatichi
citation:
ama: 'Manoli G, Ivanov VY, Fatichi S. Dry‐season greening and water stress in Amazonia:
The role of modeling leaf phenology. Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences.
2018;123(6):1909-1926. doi:10.1029/2017jg004282'
apa: 'Manoli, G., Ivanov, V. Y., & Fatichi, S. (2018). Dry‐season greening and
water stress in Amazonia: The role of modeling leaf phenology. Journal of Geophysical
Research: Biogeosciences. American Geophysical Union. https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jg004282'
chicago: 'Manoli, Gabriele, Valeriy Y. Ivanov, and Simone Fatichi. “Dry‐season Greening
and Water Stress in Amazonia: The Role of Modeling Leaf Phenology.” Journal
of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences. American Geophysical Union, 2018.
https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jg004282.'
ieee: 'G. Manoli, V. Y. Ivanov, and S. Fatichi, “Dry‐season greening and water stress
in Amazonia: The role of modeling leaf phenology,” Journal of Geophysical Research:
Biogeosciences, vol. 123, no. 6. American Geophysical Union, pp. 1909–1926,
2018.'
ista: 'Manoli G, Ivanov VY, Fatichi S. 2018. Dry‐season greening and water stress
in Amazonia: The role of modeling leaf phenology. Journal of Geophysical Research:
Biogeosciences. 123(6), 1909–1926.'
mla: 'Manoli, Gabriele, et al. “Dry‐season Greening and Water Stress in Amazonia:
The Role of Modeling Leaf Phenology.” Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences,
vol. 123, no. 6, American Geophysical Union, 2018, pp. 1909–26, doi:10.1029/2017jg004282.'
short: 'G. Manoli, V.Y. Ivanov, S. Fatichi, Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences
123 (2018) 1909–1926.'
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:23Z
date_published: 2018-06-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-30T06:04:25Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1029/2017jg004282
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1029/2017jg004282
intvolume: ' 123'
issue: '6'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1029/2017JG004282
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1909-1926
publication: 'Journal of Geophysical Research: Biogeosciences'
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2169-8961
issn:
- 2169-8953
publication_status: published
publisher: American Geophysical Union
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Dry‐season greening and water stress in Amazonia: The role of modeling leaf
phenology'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 123
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '49'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Nowadays, quantum computation is receiving more and more attention as an alternative
to the classical way of computing. For realizing a quantum computer, different
devices are investigated as potential quantum bits. In this thesis, the focus
is on Ge hut wires, which turned out to be promising candidates for implementing
hole spin quantum bits. The advantages of Ge as a material system are the low
hyperfine interaction for holes and the strong spin orbit coupling, as well as
the compatibility with the highly developed CMOS processes in industry. In addition,
Ge can also be isotopically purified which is expected to boost the spin coherence
times. The strong spin orbit interaction for holes in Ge on the one hand enables
the full electrical control of the quantum bit and on the other hand should allow
short spin manipulation times. Starting with a bare Si wafer, this work covers
the entire process reaching from growth over the fabrication and characterization
of hut wire devices up to the demonstration of hole spin resonance. From experiments
with single quantum dots, a large g-factor anisotropy between the in-plane and
the out-of-plane direction was found. A comparison to a theoretical model unveiled
the heavy-hole character of the lowest energy states. The second part of the thesis
addresses double quantum dot devices, which were realized by adding two gate electrodes
to a hut wire. In such devices, Pauli spin blockade was observed, which can serve
as a read-out mechanism for spin quantum bits. Applying oscillating electric fields
in spin blockade allowed the demonstration of continuous spin rotations and the
extraction of a lower bound for the spin dephasing time. Despite the strong spin
orbit coupling in Ge, the obtained value for the dephasing time is comparable
to what has been recently reported for holes in Si. All in all, the presented
results point out the high potential of Ge hut wires as a platform for long-lived,
fast and fully electrically tunable hole spin quantum bits.
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Hannes
full_name: Watzinger, Hannes
id: 35DF8E50-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Watzinger
citation:
ama: Watzinger H. Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance. 2018. doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033
apa: Watzinger, H. (2018). Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033
chicago: Watzinger, Hannes. “Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033.
ieee: H. Watzinger, “Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
ista: Watzinger H. 2018. Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Watzinger, Hannes. Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2018, doi:10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033.
short: H. Watzinger, Ge Hut Wires - from Growth to Hole Spin Resonance, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2018.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:21Z
date_published: 2018-07-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-31T09:15:25Z
day: '30'
ddc:
- '530'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GeKa
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033
doi_confirm: '1'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b653b5216251f938ddbeafd1de88667c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:13:28Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
file_id: '6249'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Watzinger.pdf
file_size: 85539748
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: 39bcf8de7ac5b1bb516b11ce2f966785
content_type: application/zip
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-04-09T07:13:27Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
file_id: '6250'
file_name: 2018_Thesis_Watzinger_source.zip
file_size: 21830697
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:35Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.15479/AT:ISTA:th_1033
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '77'
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
publist_id: '8005'
pubrep_id: '1033'
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Georgios
full_name: Katsaros, Georgios
id: 38DB5788-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Katsaros
orcid: 0000-0001-8342-202X
title: Ge hut wires - from growth to hole spin resonance
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2018'
...
---
_id: '566'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We consider large random matrices X with centered, independent entries which
have comparable but not necessarily identical variances. Girko's circular law
asserts that the spectrum is supported in a disk and in case of identical variances,
the limiting density is uniform. In this special case, the local circular law
by Bourgade et. al. [11,12] shows that the empirical density converges even locally
on scales slightly above the typical eigenvalue spacing. In the general case,
the limiting density is typically inhomogeneous and it is obtained via solving
a system of deterministic equations. Our main result is the local inhomogeneous
circular law in the bulk spectrum on the optimal scale for a general variance
profile of the entries of X. \r\n\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Johannes
full_name: Alt, Johannes
id: 36D3D8B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Alt
- first_name: László
full_name: Erdös, László
id: 4DBD5372-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Erdös
orcid: 0000-0001-5366-9603
- first_name: Torben H
full_name: Krüger, Torben H
id: 3020C786-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Krüger
orcid: 0000-0002-4821-3297
citation:
ama: Alt J, Erdös L, Krüger TH. Local inhomogeneous circular law. Annals of Applied
Probability. 2018;28(1):148-203. doi:10.1214/17-AAP1302
apa: Alt, J., Erdös, L., & Krüger, T. H. (2018). Local inhomogeneous circular
law. Annals of Applied Probability. Institute of Mathematical Statistics.
https://doi.org/10.1214/17-AAP1302
chicago: Alt, Johannes, László Erdös, and Torben H Krüger. “Local Inhomogeneous
Circular Law.” Annals of Applied Probability. Institute of Mathematical
Statistics, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1214/17-AAP1302.
ieee: J. Alt, L. Erdös, and T. H. Krüger, “Local inhomogeneous circular law,” Annals
of Applied Probability, vol. 28, no. 1. Institute of Mathematical Statistics,
pp. 148–203, 2018.
ista: Alt J, Erdös L, Krüger TH. 2018. Local inhomogeneous circular law. Annals
of Applied Probability. 28(1), 148–203.
mla: Alt, Johannes, et al. “Local Inhomogeneous Circular Law.” Annals of Applied
Probability, vol. 28, no. 1, Institute of Mathematical Statistics, 2018, pp.
148–203, doi:10.1214/17-AAP1302.
short: J. Alt, L. Erdös, T.H. Krüger, Annals of Applied Probability 28 (2018) 148–203.
corr_author: '1'
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:47:13Z
date_published: 2018-03-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-05T08:14:17Z
day: '03'
department:
- _id: LaEr
doi: 10.1214/17-AAP1302
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1612.07776 '
isi:
- '000431721800005'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1214/17-AAP1302
intvolume: ' 28'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: 'https://arxiv.org/abs/1612.07776 '
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 148-203
project:
- _id: 258DCDE6-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '338804'
name: Random matrices, universality and disordered quantum systems
publication: Annals of Applied Probability
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Mathematical Statistics
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '149'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Local inhomogeneous circular law
type: journal_article
user_id: 9947682f-b9fa-11ee-9c4a-b3ffaafe6614
volume: 28
year: '2018'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '22504'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Given their ability to provide food, raw material and alleviate poverty, oil
palm (OP) plantations are driving significant losses of biodiversity-rich tropical
forests, fuelling a heated debate on ecosystem degradation and conservation. However,
while OP-induced carbon emissions and biodiversity losses have received significant
attention, OP water requirements have been marginalized and little is known on
the ecohydrological changes (water and surface energy fluxes) occurring from forest
clearing to plantation maturity. Numerical simulations supported by field observations
from seven sites in Southeast Asia (five OP plantations and two tropical forests)
are used here to illustrate the temporal evolution of OP actual evapotranspiration
(ET), infiltration/runoff, gross primary productivity (GPP) and surface temperature
as well as their changes relative to tropical forests. Model results from large-scale
commercial plantations show that young OP plantations decrease ecosystem ET, causing
hotter and drier climatic conditions, but mature plantations (age > 8−9 yr) have
higher GPP and transpire more water (up to +7.7%) than the forests they have replaced.
This is the result of physiological constraints on water use efficiency and the
extremely high yield of OP (six to ten times higher than other oil crops). Hence,
the land use efficiency of mature OP, i.e. the high productivity per unit of land
area, comes at the expense of water consumption in a trade of water for carbon
that may jeopardize local water resources. Sequential replanting and herbaceous
ground cover can reduce the severity of such ecohydrological changes and support
local water/climate regulation.
article_number: '064035'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Manoli, Gabriele
last_name: Manoli
- first_name: Ana
full_name: Meijide, Ana
last_name: Meijide
- first_name: Neil
full_name: Huth, Neil
last_name: Huth
- first_name: Alexander
full_name: Knohl, Alexander
last_name: Knohl
- first_name: Yoshiko
full_name: Kosugi, Yoshiko
last_name: Kosugi
- first_name: Paolo
full_name: Burlando, Paolo
last_name: Burlando
- first_name: Jaboury
full_name: Ghazoul, Jaboury
last_name: Ghazoul
- first_name: Simone
full_name: Fatichi, Simone
id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
last_name: Fatichi
citation:
ama: Manoli G, Meijide A, Huth N, et al. Ecohydrological changes after tropical
forest conversion to oil palm. Environmental Research Letters. 2018;13(6).
doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e
apa: Manoli, G., Meijide, A., Huth, N., Knohl, A., Kosugi, Y., Burlando, P., … Fatichi,
S. (2018). Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion to oil palm.
Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e
chicago: Manoli, Gabriele, Ana Meijide, Neil Huth, Alexander Knohl, Yoshiko Kosugi,
Paolo Burlando, Jaboury Ghazoul, and Simone Fatichi. “Ecohydrological Changes
after Tropical Forest Conversion to Oil Palm.” Environmental Research Letters.
IOP Publishing, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e.
ieee: G. Manoli et al., “Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion
to oil palm,” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 13, no. 6. IOP Publishing,
2018.
ista: Manoli G, Meijide A, Huth N, Knohl A, Kosugi Y, Burlando P, Ghazoul J, Fatichi
S. 2018. Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion to oil palm.
Environmental Research Letters. 13(6), 064035.
mla: Manoli, Gabriele, et al. “Ecohydrological Changes after Tropical Forest Conversion
to Oil Palm.” Environmental Research Letters, vol. 13, no. 6, 064035, IOP
Publishing, 2018, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e.
short: G. Manoli, A. Meijide, N. Huth, A. Knohl, Y. Kosugi, P. Burlando, J. Ghazoul,
S. Fatichi, Environmental Research Letters 13 (2018).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:24Z
date_published: 2018-06-18T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-06T07:35:29Z
day: '18'
ddc:
- '550'
doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
issue: '6'
keyword:
- Oil palm plantations
- Tropical forests
- Carbon/water fluxes
- Biophysical modeling
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aac54e
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Environmental Research Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1748-9326
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Ecohydrological changes after tropical forest conversion to oil palm
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)
short: CC BY (3.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 13
year: '2018'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '22540'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The reliable partitioning of the terrestrial latent heat flux into evaporation
(E) and transpiration (T) is important for linking carbon and water cycles and
for better understanding ecosystem functioning at local, regional and global scales.
Previous research revealed that the transpiration-to-evapotranspiration ratio
(T/ET) is well constrained across ecosystems and is nearly independent of vegetation
characteristics and climate. Here we investigated the reasons for such a global
constancy in present-day T/ET by jointly analysing observations and process-based
model simulations. Using this framework, we also quantified how the ratio T/ET
could be influenced by changing climate. For present conditions, we found that
the various components of land surface evaporation (bare soil evaporation, below
canopy soil evaporation, evaporation from interception), and their respective
ratios to plant transpiration, depend largely on local climate and equilibrium
vegetation properties. The systematic covariation between local vegetation characteristics
and climate, resulted in a globally constrained value of T/ET = ∼70 ± 9% for undisturbed
ecosystems, nearly independent of specific climate and vegetation attributes.
Moreover, changes in precipitation amounts and patterns, increasing air temperatures,
atmospheric CO2 concentration, and specific leaf area (the ratio of leaf area
per leaf mass) was found to affect T/ET in various manners. However, even extreme
changes in the aforementioned factors did not significantly modify T/ET.
article_number: '104012'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
author:
- first_name: Athanasios
full_name: Paschalis, Athanasios
last_name: Paschalis
- first_name: Simone
full_name: Fatichi, Simone
id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Christoforos
full_name: Pappas, Christoforos
last_name: Pappas
- first_name: Dani
full_name: Or, Dani
last_name: Or
citation:
ama: Paschalis A, Fatichi S, Pappas C, Or D. Covariation of vegetation and climate
constrains present and future T/ET variability. Environmental Research Letters.
2018;13(10). doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aae267
apa: Paschalis, A., Fatichi, S., Pappas, C., & Or, D. (2018). Covariation of
vegetation and climate constrains present and future T/ET variability. Environmental
Research Letters. IOP Publishing . https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267
chicago: Paschalis, Athanasios, Simone Fatichi, Christoforos Pappas, and Dani Or.
“Covariation of Vegetation and Climate Constrains Present and Future T/ET Variability.”
Environmental Research Letters. IOP Publishing , 2018. https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267.
ieee: A. Paschalis, S. Fatichi, C. Pappas, and D. Or, “Covariation of vegetation
and climate constrains present and future T/ET variability,” Environmental
Research Letters, vol. 13, no. 10. IOP Publishing , 2018.
ista: Paschalis A, Fatichi S, Pappas C, Or D. 2018. Covariation of vegetation and
climate constrains present and future T/ET variability. Environmental Research
Letters. 13(10), 104012.
mla: Paschalis, Athanasios, et al. “Covariation of Vegetation and Climate Constrains
Present and Future T/ET Variability.” Environmental Research Letters, vol.
13, no. 10, 104012, IOP Publishing , 2018, doi:10.1088/1748-9326/aae267.
short: A. Paschalis, S. Fatichi, C. Pappas, D. Or, Environmental Research Letters
13 (2018).
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:24Z
date_published: 2018-10-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-06T07:46:04Z
day: '05'
ddc:
- '550'
doi: 10.1088/1748-9326/aae267
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 13'
issue: '10'
keyword:
- T/ET
- Evapotranspiration partitioning
- Ecohydrology
- Modelling
- Climate change
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1088/1748-9326/aae267
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Environmental Research Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1748-9326
publication_status: published
publisher: 'IOP Publishing '
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Covariation of vegetation and climate constrains present and future T/ET variability
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/3.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 3.0 Unported (CC BY 3.0)
short: CC BY (3.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 13
year: '2018'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '22550'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Extreme rainfall is quantified in engineering practice using Intensity–Duration–Frequency
curves (IDF) that are traditionally derived from rain-gauges and more recently
also from remote sensing instruments, such as weather radars. These instruments
measure rainfall at different spatial scales: rain-gauge samples rainfall at the
point scale while weather radar averages precipitation on a relatively large area,
generally around 1 km2. As such, a radar derived IDF curve is representative of
the mean areal rainfall over a given radar pixel and neglects the within-pixel
rainfall variability. In this study, we quantify subpixel variability of extreme
rainfall by using a novel space–time rainfall generator (STREAP model) that downscales
in space the rainfall within a given radar pixel. The study was conducted using
a unique radar data record (23 years) and a very dense rain-gauge network in the
Eastern Mediterranean area (northern Israel). Radar–IDF curves, together with
an ensemble of point-based IDF curves representing the radar subpixel extreme
rainfall variability, were developed fitting Generalized Extreme Value (GEV) distributions
to annual rainfall maxima. It was found that the mean areal extreme rainfall derived
from the radar underestimate most of the extreme values computed for point locations
within the radar pixel (on average, ∼70%). The subpixel variability of rainfall
extreme was found to increase with longer return periods and shorter durations
(e.g. from a maximum variability of 10% for a return period of 2 years and a duration
of 4 h to 30% for 50 years return period and 20 min duration). For the longer
return periods, a considerable enhancement of extreme rainfall variability was
found when stochastic (natural) climate variability was taken into account. Bounding
the range of the subpixel extreme rainfall derived from radar–IDF can be of major
importance for different applications that require very local estimates of rainfall
extremes.'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Nadav
full_name: Peleg, Nadav
last_name: Peleg
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Marra, Francesco
last_name: Marra
- first_name: Simone
full_name: Fatichi, Simone
id: cf8e546b-a9b0-11f0-a43b-aa89ed1b56d6
last_name: Fatichi
- first_name: Athanasios
full_name: Paschalis, Athanasios
last_name: Paschalis
- first_name: Peter
full_name: Molnar, Peter
last_name: Molnar
- first_name: Paolo
full_name: Burlando, Paolo
last_name: Burlando
citation:
ama: Peleg N, Marra F, Fatichi S, Paschalis A, Molnar P, Burlando P. Spatial variability
of extreme rainfall at radar subpixel scale. Journal of Hydrology. 2018;556:922-933.
doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.033
apa: Peleg, N., Marra, F., Fatichi, S., Paschalis, A., Molnar, P., & Burlando,
P. (2018). Spatial variability of extreme rainfall at radar subpixel scale. Journal
of Hydrology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.033
chicago: Peleg, Nadav, Francesco Marra, Simone Fatichi, Athanasios Paschalis, Peter
Molnar, and Paolo Burlando. “Spatial Variability of Extreme Rainfall at Radar
Subpixel Scale.” Journal of Hydrology. Elsevier, 2018. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.033.
ieee: N. Peleg, F. Marra, S. Fatichi, A. Paschalis, P. Molnar, and P. Burlando,
“Spatial variability of extreme rainfall at radar subpixel scale,” Journal
of Hydrology, vol. 556. Elsevier, pp. 922–933, 2018.
ista: Peleg N, Marra F, Fatichi S, Paschalis A, Molnar P, Burlando P. 2018. Spatial
variability of extreme rainfall at radar subpixel scale. Journal of Hydrology.
556, 922–933.
mla: Peleg, Nadav, et al. “Spatial Variability of Extreme Rainfall at Radar Subpixel
Scale.” Journal of Hydrology, vol. 556, Elsevier, 2018, pp. 922–33, doi:10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.033.
short: N. Peleg, F. Marra, S. Fatichi, A. Paschalis, P. Molnar, P. Burlando, Journal
of Hydrology 556 (2018) 922–933.
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2026-07-27T12:30:24Z
date_published: 2018-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-08-06T08:09:51Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.033
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jhydrol.2016.05.033
intvolume: ' 556'
keyword:
- Extreme rainfall variability
- High resolution rainfall modeling
- IDF curves
- Precipitation downscaling
- Subpixel scale
- Weather radar
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 922-933
publication: Journal of Hydrology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1879-2707
issn:
- 0022-1694
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Spatial variability of extreme rainfall at radar subpixel scale
type: journal_article
user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd
volume: 556
year: '2018'
...