---
_id: '1044'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Control over all internal and external degrees of freedom of molecules at
    the level of single quantum states will enable a series of fundamental studies
    in physics and chemistry1,2. In particular, samples of ground-state molecules
    at ultralow temperatures and high number densities will facilitate new quantum-gas
    studies3 and future applications in quantum information science4. However, high
    phase-space densities for molecular samples are not readily attainable because
    efficient cooling techniques such as laser cooling are lacking. Here we produce
    an ultracold and dense sample of molecules in a single hyperfine level of the
    rovibronic ground state with each molecule individually trapped in the motional
    ground state of an optical lattice well. Starting from a zero-temperature atomic
    Mott-insulator state with optimized double-site occupancy6, weakly bound dimer
    molecules are efficiently associated on a Feshbach resonance7 and subsequently
    transferred to the rovibronic ground state by a stimulated four-photon process
    with &gt;50% efficiency. The molecules are trapped in the lattice and have a lifetime
    of 8 s. Our results present a crucial step towards Bose-Einstein condensation
    of ground-state molecules and, when suitably generalized to polar heteronuclear
    molecules, the realization of dipolar quantum-gas phases in optical lattices8-10.
acknowledgement: We thank H. Ritsch, S. Dürr, N. Bouloufa and O. Dulieu for valuable
  discussions. We are indebted to R. Grimm for generous support and to H. Häffner
  for the loan of a charge-coupled camera. We gratefully acknowledge financial support
  by the Austrian Ministry of Science and Research (Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft
  und Forschung) and the Austrian Science Fund (Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen
  Forschung) in the form of a START prize grant and by the European Science Foundation
  within the framework of the EuroQUASAR collective research project QuDeGPM and within
  the framework of the EuroQUAM collective research project QuDipMol. R.H. is supported
  by a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship within the 7th European Community
  Framework Programme.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Johann G
  full_name: Danzl, Johann G
  id: 42EFD3B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Danzl
  orcid: 0000-0001-8559-3973
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Mark, Manfred
  last_name: Mark
- first_name: Elmar
  full_name: Haller, Elmar
  last_name: Haller
- first_name: Mattias
  full_name: Gustavsson, Mattias
  last_name: Gustavsson
- first_name: Russell
  full_name: Hart, Russell
  last_name: Hart
- first_name: Jesus
  full_name: Aldegunde, Jesus
  last_name: Aldegunde
- first_name: Jeremy
  full_name: Hutson, Jeremy
  last_name: Hutson
- first_name: Hanns
  full_name: Nägerl, Hanns
  last_name: Nägerl
citation:
  ama: Danzl JG, Mark M, Haller E, et al. An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic
    ground-state molecules in an optical lattice. <i>Nature Physics</i>. 2010;6(4):265-270.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1533">10.1038/nphys1533</a>
  apa: Danzl, J. G., Mark, M., Haller, E., Gustavsson, M., Hart, R., Aldegunde, J.,
    … Nägerl, H. (2010). An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic ground-state
    molecules in an optical lattice. <i>Nature Physics</i>. Nature Publishing Group.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1533">https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1533</a>
  chicago: Danzl, Johann G, Manfred Mark, Elmar Haller, Mattias Gustavsson, Russell
    Hart, Jesus Aldegunde, Jeremy Hutson, and Hanns Nägerl. “An Ultracold High-Density
    Sample of Rovibronic Ground-State Molecules in an Optical Lattice.” <i>Nature
    Physics</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1533">https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1533</a>.
  ieee: J. G. Danzl <i>et al.</i>, “An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic
    ground-state molecules in an optical lattice,” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 6,
    no. 4. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 265–270, 2010.
  ista: Danzl JG, Mark M, Haller E, Gustavsson M, Hart R, Aldegunde J, Hutson J, Nägerl
    H. 2010. An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic ground-state molecules
    in an optical lattice. Nature Physics. 6(4), 265–270.
  mla: Danzl, Johann G., et al. “An Ultracold High-Density Sample of Rovibronic Ground-State
    Molecules in an Optical Lattice.” <i>Nature Physics</i>, vol. 6, no. 4, Nature
    Publishing Group, 2010, pp. 265–70, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1533">10.1038/nphys1533</a>.
  short: J.G. Danzl, M. Mark, E. Haller, M. Gustavsson, R. Hart, J. Aldegunde, J.
    Hutson, H. Nägerl, Nature Physics 6 (2010) 265–270.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:51Z
date_published: 2010-04-04T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:47:53Z
day: '04'
doi: 10.1038/nphys1533
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '0909.4700'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nphys1533
intvolume: '         6'
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/0909.4700
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 265 - 270
publication: Nature Physics
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '6345'
status: public
title: An ultracold high-density sample of rovibronic ground-state molecules in an
  optical lattice
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 6
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '1045'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We report on the observation of confinement-induced resonances in strongly
    interacting quantum-gas systems with tunable interactions for one- and two-dimensional
    geometry. Atom-atom scattering is substantially modified when the s-wave scattering
    length approaches the length scale associated with the tight transversal confinement,
    leading to characteristic loss and heating signatures. Upon introducing an anisotropy
    for the transversal confinement we observe a splitting of the confinement-induced
    resonance. With increasing anisotropy additional resonances appear. In the limit
    of a two-dimensional system we find that one resonance persists.
acknowledgement: We thank W. Zwerger for discussions and R. Grimm for generous support.
  We acknowledge funding by the Austrian Science Fund and by the European Union within
  the framework of the EuroQUASAR collective research project QuDeGPM. R. H. is supported
  by a Marie Curie Fellowship within FP7. P. S. acknowledges financial support by
  the DFG. Financial support by the Heisenberg-Landau Program is appreciated by P. S.
  and V. M.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Elmar
  full_name: Haller, Elmar
  last_name: Haller
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Mark, Manfred
  last_name: Mark
- first_name: Russell
  full_name: Hart, Russell
  last_name: Hart
- first_name: Johann G
  full_name: Danzl, Johann G
  id: 42EFD3B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Danzl
  orcid: 0000-0001-8559-3973
- first_name: Lukas
  full_name: Reichsöllner, Lukas
  last_name: Reichsöllner
- first_name: Vladimir
  full_name: Melezhik, Vladimir
  last_name: Melezhik
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Schmelcher, Peter
  last_name: Schmelcher
- first_name: Hanns
  full_name: Nägerl, Hanns
  last_name: Nägerl
citation:
  ama: Haller E, Mark M, Hart R, et al. Confinement-induced resonances in low-dimensional
    quantum systems. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2010;104(15). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203">10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203</a>
  apa: Haller, E., Mark, M., Hart, R., Danzl, J. G., Reichsöllner, L., Melezhik, V.,
    … Nägerl, H. (2010). Confinement-induced resonances in low-dimensional quantum
    systems. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203</a>
  chicago: Haller, Elmar, Manfred Mark, Russell Hart, Johann G Danzl, Lukas Reichsöllner,
    Vladimir Melezhik, Peter Schmelcher, and Hanns Nägerl. “Confinement-Induced Resonances
    in Low-Dimensional Quantum Systems.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American
    Physical Society, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203</a>.
  ieee: E. Haller <i>et al.</i>, “Confinement-induced resonances in low-dimensional
    quantum systems,” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 104, no. 15. American Physical
    Society, 2010.
  ista: Haller E, Mark M, Hart R, Danzl JG, Reichsöllner L, Melezhik V, Schmelcher
    P, Nägerl H. 2010. Confinement-induced resonances in low-dimensional quantum systems.
    Physical Review Letters. 104(15).
  mla: Haller, Elmar, et al. “Confinement-Induced Resonances in Low-Dimensional Quantum
    Systems.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 104, no. 15, American Physical
    Society, 2010, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203">10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203</a>.
  short: E. Haller, M. Mark, R. Hart, J.G. Danzl, L. Reichsöllner, V. Melezhik, P.
    Schmelcher, H. Nägerl, Physical Review Letters 104 (2010).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:51Z
date_published: 2010-04-14T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:47:53Z
day: '14'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1002.3795'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.153203
intvolume: '       104'
issue: '15'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1002.3795
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '6344'
status: public
title: Confinement-induced resonances in low-dimensional quantum systems
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 104
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '1046'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The phenomenon of matter-wave interference lies at the heart of quantum physics.
    It has been observed in various contexts in the limit of non-interacting particles
    as a single-particle effect. Here we observe and control matter-wave interference
    whose evolution is driven by interparticle interactions. In a multi-path matter-wave
    interferometer, the macroscopic manybody wave function of an interacting atomic
    Bose-Einstein condensate develops a regular interference pattern, allowing us
    to detect and directly visualize the effect of interaction-induced phase shifts.
    We demonstrate control over the phase evolution by inhibiting interaction-induced
    dephasing and by refocusing a dephased macroscopic matter wave in a spin-echo-type
    experiment. Our results show that interactions in a many-body system lead to a
    surprisingly coherent evolution, possibly enabling narrow-band and high-brightness
    matterwave interferometers based on atom lasers.
acknowledgement: We thank E Arimondo, O Morsch, W Schleich, A Smerzi, D Witthaut and
  A Buchleitner and his group for helpful discussions. We also thank R Grimm for generous
  support. We gratefully acknowledge funding from the Austrian Ministry of Science
  and Research (Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung) and the Austrian
  Science Fund (Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung) in the form
  of a START prize grant and through SFB 15. RH is supported by a Marie Curie International
  Incoming Fellowship within the 7th European Community Framework Programme.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Mattias
  full_name: Gustavsson, Mattias
  last_name: Gustavsson
- first_name: Elmar
  full_name: Haller, Elmar
  last_name: Haller
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Mark, Manfred
  last_name: Mark
- first_name: Johann G
  full_name: Danzl, Johann G
  id: 42EFD3B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Danzl
  orcid: 0000-0001-8559-3973
- first_name: Russell
  full_name: Hart, Russell
  last_name: Hart
- first_name: Andrew
  full_name: Daley, Andrew
  last_name: Daley
- first_name: Hanns
  full_name: Nägerl, Hanns
  last_name: Nägerl
citation:
  ama: Gustavsson M, Haller E, Mark M, et al. Interference of interacting matter waves.
    <i>New Journal of Physics</i>. 2010;12. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029">10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029</a>
  apa: Gustavsson, M., Haller, E., Mark, M., Danzl, J. G., Hart, R., Daley, A., &#38;
    Nägerl, H. (2010). Interference of interacting matter waves. <i>New Journal of
    Physics</i>. IOP Publishing Ltd. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029">https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029</a>
  chicago: Gustavsson, Mattias, Elmar Haller, Manfred Mark, Johann G Danzl, Russell
    Hart, Andrew Daley, and Hanns Nägerl. “Interference of Interacting Matter Waves.”
    <i>New Journal of Physics</i>. IOP Publishing Ltd., 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029">https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029</a>.
  ieee: M. Gustavsson <i>et al.</i>, “Interference of interacting matter waves,” <i>New
    Journal of Physics</i>, vol. 12. IOP Publishing Ltd., 2010.
  ista: Gustavsson M, Haller E, Mark M, Danzl JG, Hart R, Daley A, Nägerl H. 2010.
    Interference of interacting matter waves. New Journal of Physics. 12.
  mla: Gustavsson, Mattias, et al. “Interference of Interacting Matter Waves.” <i>New
    Journal of Physics</i>, vol. 12, IOP Publishing Ltd., 2010, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029">10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029</a>.
  short: M. Gustavsson, E. Haller, M. Mark, J.G. Danzl, R. Hart, A. Daley, H. Nägerl,
    New Journal of Physics 12 (2010).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:51Z
date_published: 2010-06-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:47:53Z
day: '28'
doi: 10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1088/1367-2630/12/6/065029
intvolume: '        12'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '06'
oa_version: None
publication: New Journal of Physics
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing Ltd.
publist_id: '6342'
status: public
title: Interference of interacting matter waves
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 12
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '1047'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Particles in a perfect lattice potential perform Bloch oscillations when subject
    to a constant force, leading to localization and preventing conductivity. For
    a weakly interacting Bose-Einstein condensate of Cs atoms, we observe giant center-of-mass
    oscillations in position space with a displacement across hundreds of lattice
    sites when we add a periodic modulation to the force near the Bloch frequency.
    We study the dependence of these &quot;super&quot; Bloch oscillations on lattice
    depth, modulation amplitude, and modulation frequency and show that they provide
    a means to induce linear transport in a dissipation-free lattice.
acknowledgement: We thank A. R. Kolovsky, A. Zenesini, and A. Wacker for discussions
  and R. Grimm for generous support. We acknowledge funding by the Austrian Ministry
  of Science and Research and the Austrian Science Fund and by the European Union
  within the framework of the EuroQUASAR collective research project QuDeGPM. R. H.
  is supported by a Marie Curie Action within FP7.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Elmar
  full_name: Haller, Elmar
  last_name: Haller
- first_name: Russell
  full_name: Hart, Russell
  last_name: Hart
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Mark, Manfred
  last_name: Mark
- first_name: Johann G
  full_name: Danzl, Johann G
  id: 42EFD3B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Danzl
  orcid: 0000-0001-8559-3973
- first_name: Lukas
  full_name: Reichsöllner, Lukas
  last_name: Reichsöllner
- first_name: Hanns
  full_name: Nägerl, Hanns
  last_name: Nägerl
citation:
  ama: Haller E, Hart R, Mark M, Danzl JG, Reichsöllner L, Nägerl H. Inducing transport
    in a dissipation-free lattice with super bloch oscillations. <i>Physical Review
    Letters</i>. 2010;104(20). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403">10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403</a>
  apa: Haller, E., Hart, R., Mark, M., Danzl, J. G., Reichsöllner, L., &#38; Nägerl,
    H. (2010). Inducing transport in a dissipation-free lattice with super bloch oscillations.
    <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403</a>
  chicago: Haller, Elmar, Russell Hart, Manfred Mark, Johann G Danzl, Lukas Reichsöllner,
    and Hanns Nägerl. “Inducing Transport in a Dissipation-Free Lattice with Super
    Bloch Oscillations.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society,
    2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403">https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403</a>.
  ieee: E. Haller, R. Hart, M. Mark, J. G. Danzl, L. Reichsöllner, and H. Nägerl,
    “Inducing transport in a dissipation-free lattice with super bloch oscillations,”
    <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 104, no. 20. American Physical Society, 2010.
  ista: Haller E, Hart R, Mark M, Danzl JG, Reichsöllner L, Nägerl H. 2010. Inducing
    transport in a dissipation-free lattice with super bloch oscillations. Physical
    Review Letters. 104(20).
  mla: Haller, Elmar, et al. “Inducing Transport in a Dissipation-Free Lattice with
    Super Bloch Oscillations.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 104, no. 20, American
    Physical Society, 2010, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403">10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403</a>.
  short: E. Haller, R. Hart, M. Mark, J.G. Danzl, L. Reichsöllner, H. Nägerl, Physical
    Review Letters 104 (2010).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:52Z
date_published: 2010-05-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:47:54Z
day: '21'
doi: 10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1001.1206'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/PhysRevLett.104.200403
intvolume: '       104'
issue: '20'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1001.1206
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
publist_id: '6343'
status: public
title: Inducing transport in a dissipation-free lattice with super bloch oscillations
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 104
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '1049'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Quantum many-body systems can have phase transitions even at zero temperature;
    fluctuations arising from Heisenbergĝ€™s uncertainty principle, as opposed to
    thermal effects, drive the system from one phase to another. Typically, during
    the transition the relative strength of two competing terms in the systemĝ€™s
    Hamiltonian changes across a finite critical value. A well-known example is the
    Mottĝ€&quot; Hubbard quantum phase transition from a superfluid to an insulating
    phase, which has been observed for weakly interacting bosonic atomic gases. However,
    for strongly interacting quantum systems confined to lower-dimensional geometry,
    a novel type of quantum phase transition may be induced and driven by an arbitrarily
    weak perturbation to the Hamiltonian. Here we observe such an effectĝ€&quot;the
    sineĝ€&quot;Gordon quantum phase transition from a superfluid Luttinger liquid
    to a Mott insulatorĝ€ &quot;in a one-dimensional quantum gas of bosonic caesium
    atoms with tunable interactions. For sufficiently strong interactions, the transition
    is induced by adding an arbitrarily weak optical lattice commensurate with the
    atomic granularity, which leads to immediate pinning of the atoms. We map out
    the phase diagram and find that our measurements in the strongly interacting regime
    agree well with a quantum field description based on the exactly solvable sineĝ€&quot;Gordon
    model. We trace the phase boundary all the way to the weakly interacting regime,
    where we find good agreement with the predictions of the one-dimensional Boseĝ€&quot;Hubbard
    model. Our results open up the experimental study of quantum phase transitions,
    criticality and transport phenomena beyond Hubbard-type models in the context
    of ultracold gases.
acknowledgement: We thank W. Zwerger for discussions. We are indebted to R. Grimm
  for generous support. We gratefully acknowledge funding by the Austrian Ministry
  of Science and Research (Bundesministerium für Wissenschaft und Forschung) and the
  Austrian Science Fund (Fonds zur Förderung der wissenschaftlichen Forschung) in
  the form of a START prize grant, and by the European Union through the STREP FP7-ICT-2007-C
  project NAME-QUAM (Nanodesigning of Atomic and Molecular Quantum Matter) and within
  the framework of the EuroQUASAR collective research project QuDeGPM. R.H. is supported
  by a Marie Curie International Incoming Fellowship within the 7th European Community
  Framework Programme.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Elmar
  full_name: Haller, Elmar
  last_name: Haller
- first_name: Russell
  full_name: Hart, Russell
  last_name: Hart
- first_name: Manfred
  full_name: Mark, Manfred
  last_name: Mark
- first_name: Johann G
  full_name: Danzl, Johann G
  id: 42EFD3B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Danzl
  orcid: 0000-0001-8559-3973
- first_name: Lukas
  full_name: Reichsöllner, Lukas
  last_name: Reichsöllner
- first_name: Mattias
  full_name: Gustavsson, Mattias
  last_name: Gustavsson
- first_name: Marcello
  full_name: Dalmonte, Marcello
  last_name: Dalmonte
- first_name: Guido
  full_name: Pupillo, Guido
  last_name: Pupillo
- first_name: Hanns
  full_name: Nägerl, Hanns
  last_name: Nägerl
citation:
  ama: Haller E, Hart R, Mark M, et al. Pinning quantum phase transition for a Luttinger
    liquid of strongly interacting bosons. <i>Nature</i>. 2010;466(7306):597-600.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09259">10.1038/nature09259</a>
  apa: Haller, E., Hart, R., Mark, M., Danzl, J. G., Reichsöllner, L., Gustavsson,
    M., … Nägerl, H. (2010). Pinning quantum phase transition for a Luttinger liquid
    of strongly interacting bosons. <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09259">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09259</a>
  chicago: Haller, Elmar, Russell Hart, Manfred Mark, Johann G Danzl, Lukas Reichsöllner,
    Mattias Gustavsson, Marcello Dalmonte, Guido Pupillo, and Hanns Nägerl. “Pinning
    Quantum Phase Transition for a Luttinger Liquid of Strongly Interacting Bosons.”
    <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09259">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09259</a>.
  ieee: E. Haller <i>et al.</i>, “Pinning quantum phase transition for a Luttinger
    liquid of strongly interacting bosons,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 466, no. 7306. Nature
    Publishing Group, pp. 597–600, 2010.
  ista: Haller E, Hart R, Mark M, Danzl JG, Reichsöllner L, Gustavsson M, Dalmonte
    M, Pupillo G, Nägerl H. 2010. Pinning quantum phase transition for a Luttinger
    liquid of strongly interacting bosons. Nature. 466(7306), 597–600.
  mla: Haller, Elmar, et al. “Pinning Quantum Phase Transition for a Luttinger Liquid
    of Strongly Interacting Bosons.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 466, no. 7306, Nature Publishing
    Group, 2010, pp. 597–600, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09259">10.1038/nature09259</a>.
  short: E. Haller, R. Hart, M. Mark, J.G. Danzl, L. Reichsöllner, M. Gustavsson,
    M. Dalmonte, G. Pupillo, H. Nägerl, Nature 466 (2010) 597–600.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:52Z
date_published: 2010-07-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T06:47:54Z
day: '29'
doi: 10.1038/nature09259
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1004.3168'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09259
intvolume: '       466'
issue: '7306'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1004.3168
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 597 - 600
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '6341'
status: public
title: Pinning quantum phase transition for a Luttinger liquid of strongly interacting
  bosons
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 466
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '758'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Set agreement [4] is a fundamental problem in distributed computing, in which
    processes collectively choose a small subset of values from a larger set of proposals.
    Set agreement has been extensively studied in both synchronous and asynchronous
    systems [10,11,3,5,8,9]. Real world distributed systems, however, are neither
    purely synchronous nor purely asynchronous. To describe such a system, Dwork et
    al. [6] introduced the idea of partial synchrony. They assume for every execution
    some (unknown) time GST (global stabilization time), after which the system is
    synchronous. In a recent paper [1,2], we study the complexity of set agreement
    in the context of partially synchronous systems, determining the minimum-sized
    window of synchrony in which set agreement can be solved. We show that at least
    ⌊t/k⌋ + 2 synchronous rounds are required for k-set agreement, where t &lt; n
    is the number of crashes, and k is the agreement parameter of the set agreement
    task. We then introduce an algorithm that terminates in any window of synchrony
    of size at least ⌊t/k⌋ + 4 rounds. Together, these results tightly bound the inherent
    price of tolerating some asynchrony.
alternative_title:
- LNCS
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
  full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
  id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Alistarh
  orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
- first_name: Seth
  full_name: Gilbert, Seth
  last_name: Gilbert
- first_name: Rachid
  full_name: Guerraoui, Rachid
  last_name: Guerraoui
- first_name: Corentin
  full_name: Travers, Corentin
  last_name: Travers
citation:
  ama: 'Alistarh D-A, Gilbert S, Guerraoui R, Travers C. Brief announcement: New bounds
    for partially synchronous set agreement. In: Vol 6343 LNCS. Springer; 2010:404-405.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40">10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40</a>'
  apa: 'Alistarh, D.-A., Gilbert, S., Guerraoui, R., &#38; Travers, C. (2010). Brief
    announcement: New bounds for partially synchronous set agreement (Vol. 6343 LNCS,
    pp. 404–405). Presented at the DISC: Distributed Computing, Springer. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40</a>'
  chicago: 'Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, Seth Gilbert, Rachid Guerraoui, and Corentin Travers.
    “Brief Announcement: New Bounds for Partially Synchronous Set Agreement,” 6343
    LNCS:404–5. Springer, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40">https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40</a>.'
  ieee: 'D.-A. Alistarh, S. Gilbert, R. Guerraoui, and C. Travers, “Brief announcement:
    New bounds for partially synchronous set agreement,” presented at the DISC: Distributed
    Computing, 2010, vol. 6343 LNCS, pp. 404–405.'
  ista: 'Alistarh D-A, Gilbert S, Guerraoui R, Travers C. 2010. Brief announcement:
    New bounds for partially synchronous set agreement. DISC: Distributed Computing,
    LNCS, vol. 6343 LNCS, 404–405.'
  mla: 'Alistarh, Dan-Adrian, et al. <i>Brief Announcement: New Bounds for Partially
    Synchronous Set Agreement</i>. Vol. 6343 LNCS, Springer, 2010, pp. 404–05, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40">10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40</a>.'
  short: D.-A. Alistarh, S. Gilbert, R. Guerraoui, C. Travers, in:, Springer, 2010,
    pp. 404–405.
conference:
  name: 'DISC: Distributed Computing'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:21Z
date_published: 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-23T13:11:26Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-642-15763-9_40
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 404 - 405
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '6899'
status: public
title: 'Brief announcement: New bounds for partially synchronous set agreement'
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 6343 LNCS
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '7703'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: By combining gene expression profiling with image registration, Tomer et al.
    (2010) find that the mushroom body of the segmented worm Platynereis dumerilii
    shares many features with the mammalian cerebral cortex. The authors propose that
    the mushroom body and cortex evolved from the same structure in the common ancestor
    of vertebrates and invertebrates.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Lora Beatrice Jaeger
  full_name: Sweeney, Lora Beatrice Jaeger
  id: 56BE8254-C4F0-11E9-8E45-0B23E6697425
  last_name: Sweeney
  orcid: 0000-0001-9242-5601
- first_name: Liqun
  full_name: Luo, Liqun
  last_name: Luo
citation:
  ama: 'Sweeney LB, Luo L. ‘Fore brain: A hint of the ancestral cortex. <i>Cell</i>.
    2010;142(5):679-681. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024">10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024</a>'
  apa: 'Sweeney, L. B., &#38; Luo, L. (2010). ‘Fore brain: A hint of the ancestral
    cortex. <i>Cell</i>. Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024</a>'
  chicago: 'Sweeney, Lora B., and Liqun Luo. “‘Fore Brain: A Hint of the Ancestral
    Cortex.” <i>Cell</i>. Elsevier, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024</a>.'
  ieee: 'L. B. Sweeney and L. Luo, “‘Fore brain: A hint of the ancestral cortex,”
    <i>Cell</i>, vol. 142, no. 5. Elsevier, pp. 679–681, 2010.'
  ista: 'Sweeney LB, Luo L. 2010. ‘Fore brain: A hint of the ancestral cortex. Cell.
    142(5), 679–681.'
  mla: 'Sweeney, Lora B., and Liqun Luo. “‘Fore Brain: A Hint of the Ancestral Cortex.”
    <i>Cell</i>, vol. 142, no. 5, Elsevier, 2010, pp. 679–81, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024">10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024</a>.'
  short: L.B. Sweeney, L. Luo, Cell 142 (2010) 679–681.
date_created: 2020-04-30T10:36:52Z
date_published: 2010-09-03T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-01-31T10:14:59Z
day: '03'
doi: 10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cell.2010.08.024
intvolume: '       142'
issue: '5'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '09'
oa_version: None
page: 679-681
publication: Cell
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0092-8674
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: '‘Fore brain: A hint of the ancestral cortex'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 142
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '8472'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Characterization of protein dynamics by solid-state NMR spectroscopy requires
    robust and accurate measurement protocols, which are not yet fully developed.
    In this study, we investigate the backbone dynamics of microcrystalline ubiquitin
    using different approaches. A rotational-echo double-resonance type (REDOR-type)
    methodology allows one to accurately measure 1H−15N order parameters in highly
    deuterated samples. We show that the systematic errors in the REDOR experiment
    are as low as 1% or even less, giving access to accurate data for the amplitudes
    of backbone mobility. Combining such dipolar-coupling-derived order parameters
    with autocorrelated and cross-correlated 15N relaxation rates, we are able to
    quantitate amplitudes and correlation times of backbone dynamics on picosecond
    and nanosecond time scales in a residue-resolved manner. While the mobility on
    picosecond time scales appears to have rather uniform amplitude throughout the
    protein, we unambiguously identify and quantitate nanosecond mobility with order
    parameters S2 as low as 0.8 in some regions of the protein, where nanosecond dynamics
    has also been revealed in solution state. The methodology used here, a combination
    of accurate dipolar-coupling measurements and different relaxation parameters,
    yields details about dynamics on different time scales and can be applied to solid
    protein samples such as amyloid fibrils or membrane proteins.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Paul
  full_name: Schanda, Paul
  id: 7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425
  last_name: Schanda
  orcid: 0000-0002-9350-7606
- first_name: Beat H.
  full_name: Meier, Beat H.
  last_name: Meier
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Ernst, Matthias
  last_name: Ernst
citation:
  ama: Schanda P, Meier BH, Ernst M. Quantitative analysis of protein backbone dynamics
    in microcrystalline ubiquitin by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. <i>Journal of the
    American Chemical Society</i>. 2010;132(45):15957-15967. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/ja100726a">10.1021/ja100726a</a>
  apa: Schanda, P., Meier, B. H., &#38; Ernst, M. (2010). Quantitative analysis of
    protein backbone dynamics in microcrystalline ubiquitin by solid-state NMR spectroscopy.
    <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. American Chemical Society. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1021/ja100726a">https://doi.org/10.1021/ja100726a</a>
  chicago: Schanda, Paul, Beat H. Meier, and Matthias Ernst. “Quantitative Analysis
    of Protein Backbone Dynamics in Microcrystalline Ubiquitin by Solid-State NMR
    Spectroscopy.” <i>Journal of the American Chemical Society</i>. American Chemical
    Society, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/ja100726a">https://doi.org/10.1021/ja100726a</a>.
  ieee: P. Schanda, B. H. Meier, and M. Ernst, “Quantitative analysis of protein backbone
    dynamics in microcrystalline ubiquitin by solid-state NMR spectroscopy,” <i>Journal
    of the American Chemical Society</i>, vol. 132, no. 45. American Chemical Society,
    pp. 15957–15967, 2010.
  ista: Schanda P, Meier BH, Ernst M. 2010. Quantitative analysis of protein backbone
    dynamics in microcrystalline ubiquitin by solid-state NMR spectroscopy. Journal
    of the American Chemical Society. 132(45), 15957–15967.
  mla: Schanda, Paul, et al. “Quantitative Analysis of Protein Backbone Dynamics in
    Microcrystalline Ubiquitin by Solid-State NMR Spectroscopy.” <i>Journal of the
    American Chemical Society</i>, vol. 132, no. 45, American Chemical Society, 2010,
    pp. 15957–67, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/ja100726a">10.1021/ja100726a</a>.
  short: P. Schanda, B.H. Meier, M. Ernst, Journal of the American Chemical Society
    132 (2010) 15957–15967.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:11:13Z
date_published: 2010-10-26T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:30Z
day: '26'
doi: 10.1021/ja100726a
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1021/ja100726a
intvolume: '       132'
issue: '45'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '10'
oa_version: None
page: 15957-15967
publication: Journal of the American Chemical Society
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0002-7863
  - 1520-5126
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Quantitative analysis of protein backbone dynamics in microcrystalline ubiquitin
  by solid-state NMR spectroscopy
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 132
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '8473'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: β2-microglobulin (β2m), the light chain of class I major histocompatibility
    complex, is responsible for the dialysis-related amyloidosis and, in patients
    undergoing long term dialysis, the full-length and chemically unmodified β2m converts
    into amyloid fibrils. The protein, belonging to the immunoglobulin superfamily,
    in common to other members of this family, experiences during its folding a long-lived
    intermediate associated to the trans-to-cis isomerization of Pro-32 that has been
    addressed as the precursor of the amyloid fibril formation. In this respect, previous
    studies on the W60G β2m mutant, showing that the lack of Trp-60 prevents fibril
    formation in mild aggregating condition, prompted us to reinvestigate the refolding
    kinetics of wild type and W60G β2m at atomic resolution by real-time NMR. The
    analysis, conducted at ambient temperature by the band selective flip angle short
    transient real-time two-dimensional NMR techniques and probing the β2m states
    every 15 s, revealed a more complex folding energy landscape than previously reported
    for wild type β2m, involving more than a single intermediate species, and shedding
    new light into the fibrillogenic pathway. Moreover, a significant difference in
    the kinetic scheme previously characterized by optical spectroscopic methods was
    discovered for the W60G β2m mutant.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Alessandra
  full_name: Corazza, Alessandra
  last_name: Corazza
- first_name: Enrico
  full_name: Rennella, Enrico
  last_name: Rennella
- first_name: Paul
  full_name: Schanda, Paul
  id: 7B541462-FAF6-11E9-A490-E8DFE5697425
  last_name: Schanda
  orcid: 0000-0002-9350-7606
- first_name: Maria Chiara
  full_name: Mimmi, Maria Chiara
  last_name: Mimmi
- first_name: Thomas
  full_name: Cutuil, Thomas
  last_name: Cutuil
- first_name: Sara
  full_name: Raimondi, Sara
  last_name: Raimondi
- first_name: Sofia
  full_name: Giorgetti, Sofia
  last_name: Giorgetti
- first_name: Federico
  full_name: Fogolari, Federico
  last_name: Fogolari
- first_name: Paolo
  full_name: Viglino, Paolo
  last_name: Viglino
- first_name: Lucio
  full_name: Frydman, Lucio
  last_name: Frydman
- first_name: Maayan
  full_name: Gal, Maayan
  last_name: Gal
- first_name: Vittorio
  full_name: Bellotti, Vittorio
  last_name: Bellotti
- first_name: Bernhard
  full_name: Brutscher, Bernhard
  last_name: Brutscher
- first_name: Gennaro
  full_name: Esposito, Gennaro
  last_name: Esposito
citation:
  ama: Corazza A, Rennella E, Schanda P, et al. Native-unlike long-lived intermediates
    along the folding pathway of the amyloidogenic protein β2-Microglobulin revealed
    by real-time two-dimensional NMR. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. 2010;285(8):5827-5835.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.061168">10.1074/jbc.m109.061168</a>
  apa: Corazza, A., Rennella, E., Schanda, P., Mimmi, M. C., Cutuil, T., Raimondi,
    S., … Esposito, G. (2010). Native-unlike long-lived intermediates along the folding
    pathway of the amyloidogenic protein β2-Microglobulin revealed by real-time two-dimensional
    NMR. <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>. American Society for Biochemistry
    &#38; Molecular Biology. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.061168">https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.061168</a>
  chicago: Corazza, Alessandra, Enrico Rennella, Paul Schanda, Maria Chiara Mimmi,
    Thomas Cutuil, Sara Raimondi, Sofia Giorgetti, et al. “Native-Unlike Long-Lived
    Intermediates along the Folding Pathway of the Amyloidogenic Protein Β2-Microglobulin
    Revealed by Real-Time Two-Dimensional NMR.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>.
    American Society for Biochemistry &#38; Molecular Biology, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.061168">https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.061168</a>.
  ieee: A. Corazza <i>et al.</i>, “Native-unlike long-lived intermediates along the
    folding pathway of the amyloidogenic protein β2-Microglobulin revealed by real-time
    two-dimensional NMR,” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 285, no. 8.
    American Society for Biochemistry &#38; Molecular Biology, pp. 5827–5835, 2010.
  ista: Corazza A, Rennella E, Schanda P, Mimmi MC, Cutuil T, Raimondi S, Giorgetti
    S, Fogolari F, Viglino P, Frydman L, Gal M, Bellotti V, Brutscher B, Esposito
    G. 2010. Native-unlike long-lived intermediates along the folding pathway of the
    amyloidogenic protein β2-Microglobulin revealed by real-time two-dimensional NMR.
    Journal of Biological Chemistry. 285(8), 5827–5835.
  mla: Corazza, Alessandra, et al. “Native-Unlike Long-Lived Intermediates along the
    Folding Pathway of the Amyloidogenic Protein Β2-Microglobulin Revealed by Real-Time
    Two-Dimensional NMR.” <i>Journal of Biological Chemistry</i>, vol. 285, no. 8,
    American Society for Biochemistry &#38; Molecular Biology, 2010, pp. 5827–35,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.061168">10.1074/jbc.m109.061168</a>.
  short: A. Corazza, E. Rennella, P. Schanda, M.C. Mimmi, T. Cutuil, S. Raimondi,
    S. Giorgetti, F. Fogolari, P. Viglino, L. Frydman, M. Gal, V. Bellotti, B. Brutscher,
    G. Esposito, Journal of Biological Chemistry 285 (2010) 5827–5835.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:11:23Z
date_published: 2010-02-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:31Z
day: '19'
doi: 10.1074/jbc.m109.061168
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1074/jbc.m109.061168
intvolume: '       285'
issue: '8'
keyword:
- Cell Biology
- Biochemistry
- Molecular Biology
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa_version: None
page: 5827-5835
publication: Journal of Biological Chemistry
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 0021-9258
  - 1083-351X
publication_status: published
publisher: American Society for Biochemistry & Molecular Biology
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Native-unlike long-lived intermediates along the folding pathway of the amyloidogenic
  protein β2-Microglobulin revealed by real-time two-dimensional NMR
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 285
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '8506'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Brian R.
  full_name: Hunt, Brian R.
  last_name: Hunt
- first_name: Vadim
  full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
  id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
  last_name: Kaloshin
  orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
citation:
  ama: 'Hunt BR, Kaloshin V. Prevalence. In: <i>Handbook of Dynamical Systems</i>.
    Vol 3. Elsevier; 2010:43-87. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3">10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3</a>'
  apa: Hunt, B. R., &#38; Kaloshin, V. (2010). Prevalence. In <i>Handbook of Dynamical
    Systems</i> (Vol. 3, pp. 43–87). Elsevier. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3">https://doi.org/10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3</a>
  chicago: Hunt, Brian R., and Vadim Kaloshin. “Prevalence.” In <i>Handbook of Dynamical
    Systems</i>, 3:43–87. Elsevier, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3">https://doi.org/10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3</a>.
  ieee: B. R. Hunt and V. Kaloshin, “Prevalence,” in <i>Handbook of Dynamical Systems</i>,
    vol. 3, Elsevier, 2010, pp. 43–87.
  ista: 'Hunt BR, Kaloshin V. 2010.Prevalence. In: Handbook of Dynamical Systems.
    vol. 3, 43–87.'
  mla: Hunt, Brian R., and Vadim Kaloshin. “Prevalence.” <i>Handbook of Dynamical
    Systems</i>, vol. 3, Elsevier, 2010, pp. 43–87, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3">10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3</a>.
  short: B.R. Hunt, V. Kaloshin, in:, Handbook of Dynamical Systems, Elsevier, 2010,
    pp. 43–87.
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:47:48Z
date_published: 2010-01-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:45Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/s1874-575x(10)00310-3
intvolume: '         3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '01'
oa_version: None
page: 43-87
publication: Handbook of Dynamical Systems
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9780444531414'
  issn:
  - 1874-575X
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Prevalence
type: book_chapter
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 3
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '8507'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: "We study a Cr nearly integrable Hamiltonian system  defined on \U0001D54B3
    × ℝ3. Let  and µΣ1 be the restriction of Lebesgue measure on \U0001D54B3 × ℝ3
    to ∑. We prove there is a perturbation ,  and an orbit (q(t), p(t)): ℝ → \U0001D54B3
    × ℝ3 of the Hamiltonian equation  such that ."
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Vadim
  full_name: Kaloshin, Vadim
  id: FE553552-CDE8-11E9-B324-C0EBE5697425
  last_name: Kaloshin
  orcid: 0000-0002-6051-2628
- first_name: KE
  full_name: ZHANG, KE
  last_name: ZHANG
- first_name: YONG
  full_name: ZHENG, YONG
  last_name: ZHENG
citation:
  ama: 'Kaloshin V, ZHANG K, ZHENG Y. Almost dense orbit on energy surface. In: <i>XVIth
    International Congress on Mathematical Physics</i>. World Scientific; 2010:314-322.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814304634_0017">10.1142/9789814304634_0017</a>'
  apa: 'Kaloshin, V., ZHANG, K., &#38; ZHENG, Y. (2010). Almost dense orbit on energy
    surface. In <i>XVIth International Congress on Mathematical Physics</i> (pp. 314–322).
    Prague, Czech Republic: World Scientific. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814304634_0017">https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814304634_0017</a>'
  chicago: Kaloshin, Vadim, KE ZHANG, and YONG ZHENG. “Almost Dense Orbit on Energy
    Surface.” In <i>XVIth International Congress on Mathematical Physics</i>, 314–22.
    World Scientific, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814304634_0017">https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814304634_0017</a>.
  ieee: V. Kaloshin, K. ZHANG, and Y. ZHENG, “Almost dense orbit on energy surface,”
    in <i>XVIth International Congress on Mathematical Physics</i>, Prague, Czech
    Republic, 2010, pp. 314–322.
  ista: Kaloshin V, ZHANG K, ZHENG Y. 2010. Almost dense orbit on energy surface.
    XVIth International Congress on Mathematical Physics. International Congress on
    Mathematical Physics, 314–322.
  mla: Kaloshin, Vadim, et al. “Almost Dense Orbit on Energy Surface.” <i>XVIth International
    Congress on Mathematical Physics</i>, World Scientific, 2010, pp. 314–22, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814304634_0017">10.1142/9789814304634_0017</a>.
  short: V. Kaloshin, K. ZHANG, Y. ZHENG, in:, XVIth International Congress on Mathematical
    Physics, World Scientific, 2010, pp. 314–322.
conference:
  end_date: 2009-08-08
  location: Prague, Czech Republic
  name: International Congress on Mathematical Physics
  start_date: 2009-08-03
date_created: 2020-09-18T10:47:56Z
date_published: 2010-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:19:46Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1142/9789814304634_0017
extern: '1'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1142/9789814304634_0017
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa_version: None
page: 314-322
publication: XVIth International Congress on Mathematical Physics
publication_identifier:
  isbn:
  - '9789814304627'
  - '9789814304634'
publication_status: published
publisher: World Scientific
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Almost dense orbit on energy surface
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '857'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'The need to maintain the structural and functional integrity of an evolving
    protein severely restricts the repertoire of acceptable amino-acid substitutions.
    However, it is not known whether these restrictions impose a global limit on how
    far homologous protein sequences can diverge from each other. Here we explore
    the limits of protein evolution using sequence divergence data. We formulate a
    computational approach to study the rate of divergence of distant protein sequences
    and measure this rate for ancient proteins, those that were present in the last
    universal common ancestor. We show that ancient proteins are still diverging from
    each other, indicating an ongoing expansion of the protein sequence universe.
    The slow rate of this divergence is imposed by the sparseness of functional protein
    sequences in sequence space and the ruggedness of the protein fitness landscape:
    98 per cent of sites cannot accept an amino-acid substitution at any given moment
    but a vast majority of all sites may eventually be permitted to evolve when other,
    compensatory, changes occur. Thus, 3.5 × 10 9 yr has not been enough to reach
    the limit of divergent evolution of proteins, and for most proteins the limit
    of sequence similarity imposed by common function may not exceed that of random
    sequences.'
acknowledgement: |
  We thank E. Koonin, Y. Wolf, A. Lobkovsky, D. Petrov, D. Ivankov, J. Sharpe, B. Lehner, Y. Jaeger, P. Vlasov, M. Ptitsyn and M. Roytberg for discussions and A. Kondrashov for extensive feedback on our manuscript. We thank D. Tawfik for inspiring us to start the investigation of the functional limits in sequence space.
author:
- first_name: Inna
  full_name: Povolotskaya, Inna
  last_name: Povolotskaya
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
citation:
  ama: Povolotskaya I, Kondrashov F. Sequence space and the ongoing expansion of the
    protein universe. <i>Nature</i>. 2010;465(7300):922-926. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09105">10.1038/nature09105</a>
  apa: Povolotskaya, I., &#38; Kondrashov, F. (2010). Sequence space and the ongoing
    expansion of the protein universe. <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group. <a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09105">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09105</a>
  chicago: Povolotskaya, Inna, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “Sequence Space and the Ongoing
    Expansion of the Protein Universe.” <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2010.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09105">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09105</a>.
  ieee: I. Povolotskaya and F. Kondrashov, “Sequence space and the ongoing expansion
    of the protein universe,” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 465, no. 7300. Nature Publishing
    Group, pp. 922–926, 2010.
  ista: Povolotskaya I, Kondrashov F. 2010. Sequence space and the ongoing expansion
    of the protein universe. Nature. 465(7300), 922–926.
  mla: Povolotskaya, Inna, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “Sequence Space and the Ongoing
    Expansion of the Protein Universe.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 465, no. 7300, Nature
    Publishing Group, 2010, pp. 922–26, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09105">10.1038/nature09105</a>.
  short: I. Povolotskaya, F. Kondrashov, Nature 465 (2010) 922–926.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:52Z
date_published: 2010-06-17T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:20:05Z
day: '17'
doi: 10.1038/nature09105
extern: 1
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature09105
intvolume: '       465'
issue: '7300'
month: '06'
page: 922 - 926
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '6791'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Sequence space and the ongoing expansion of the protein universe
type: journal_article
volume: 465
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '862'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: A long-standing controversy in evolutionary biology is whether or not evolving
    lineages can cross valleys on the fitness landscape that correspond to low-fitness
    genotypes, which can eventually enable them to reach isolated fitness peaks1-9.
    Here we study the fitness landscapes traversed by switches between different AU
    and GC Watson-Crick nucleotide pairs at complementary sites of mitochondrial transfer
    RNA stem regions in 83 mammalian species. We find that such Watson-Crick switches
    occur 30-40 times more slowly than pairs of neutral substitutions, and that alleles
    corresponding to GU and AC non-Watson-Crick intermediate states segregate within
    human populations at low frequencies, similar to those of non-synonymous alleles.
    Substitutions leading to a Watson-Crick switch are strongly correlated, especially
    in mitochondrial tRNAs encoded on the GT-nucleotide-rich strand of the mitochondrial
    genome. Using these data we estimate that a typical Watson-Crick switch involves
    crossing a fitness valley of a depth of about 10-3 or even about 10-2, with AC
    intermediates being slightly more deleterious than GU intermediates. This compensatory
    evolution must proceed through rare intermediate variants that never reach fixation.
    The ubiquitous nature of compensatory evolution in mammalian mitochondrial tRNAs
    and other molecules implies that simultaneous fixation of two alleles that are
    individually deleterious may be a common phenomenon at the molecular level.
acknowledgement: We thank H. Innan, M. Laessig, R. Guigo, I. Povolotskaya, D. Ivankov
  and M. Breen for thoughtful discussions and critical reading of the manuscript.
author:
- first_name: Margarita
  full_name: Meer, Margarita V
  last_name: Meer
- first_name: Alexey
  full_name: Kondrashov, Alexey S
  last_name: Kondrashov
- first_name: Yael
  full_name: Artzy-Randrup, Yael
  last_name: Artzy Randrup
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
citation:
  ama: Meer M, Kondrashov A, Artzy Randrup Y, Kondrashov F. Compensatory evolution
    in mitochondrial tRNAs navigates valleys of low fitness. <i>Nature</i>. 2010;464(7286):279-282.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08691">10.1038/nature08691</a>
  apa: Meer, M., Kondrashov, A., Artzy Randrup, Y., &#38; Kondrashov, F. (2010). Compensatory
    evolution in mitochondrial tRNAs navigates valleys of low fitness. <i>Nature</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08691">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08691</a>
  chicago: Meer, Margarita, Alexey Kondrashov, Yael Artzy Randrup, and Fyodor Kondrashov.
    “Compensatory Evolution in Mitochondrial TRNAs Navigates Valleys of Low Fitness.”
    <i>Nature</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08691">https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08691</a>.
  ieee: M. Meer, A. Kondrashov, Y. Artzy Randrup, and F. Kondrashov, “Compensatory
    evolution in mitochondrial tRNAs navigates valleys of low fitness,” <i>Nature</i>,
    vol. 464, no. 7286. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 279–282, 2010.
  ista: Meer M, Kondrashov A, Artzy Randrup Y, Kondrashov F. 2010. Compensatory evolution
    in mitochondrial tRNAs navigates valleys of low fitness. Nature. 464(7286), 279–282.
  mla: Meer, Margarita, et al. “Compensatory Evolution in Mitochondrial TRNAs Navigates
    Valleys of Low Fitness.” <i>Nature</i>, vol. 464, no. 7286, Nature Publishing
    Group, 2010, pp. 279–82, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08691">10.1038/nature08691</a>.
  short: M. Meer, A. Kondrashov, Y. Artzy Randrup, F. Kondrashov, Nature 464 (2010)
    279–282.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:54Z
date_published: 2010-03-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:20:20Z
day: '11'
doi: 10.1038/nature08691
extern: 1
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nature08691
intvolume: '       464'
issue: '7286'
month: '03'
page: 279 - 282
publication: Nature
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '6784'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Compensatory evolution in mitochondrial tRNAs navigates valleys of low fitness
type: journal_article
volume: 464
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '872'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The rate of spontaneous mutation in natural populations is a fundamental parameter
    for many evolutionary phenomena. Because the rate of mutation is generally low,
    most of what is currently known about mutation has been obtained through indirect,
    complex and imprecise methodological approaches. However, in the past few years
    genome-wide sequencing of closely related individuals has made it possible to
    estimate the rates of mutation directly at the level of the DNA, avoiding most
    of the problems associated with using indirect methods. Here, we review the methods
    used in the past with an emphasis on next generation sequencing, which may soon
    make the accurate measurement of spontaneous mutation rates a matter of routine.
author:
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
- first_name: Alexey
  full_name: Kondrashov, Alexey S
  last_name: Kondrashov
citation:
  ama: Kondrashov F, Kondrashov A. Measurements of spontaneous rates of mutations
    in the recent past and the near future. <i>Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
    Society of London Series B, Biological Sciences</i>. 2010;365(1544):1169-1176.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0286">10.1098/rstb.2009.0286</a>
  apa: Kondrashov, F., &#38; Kondrashov, A. (2010). Measurements of spontaneous rates
    of mutations in the recent past and the near future. <i>Philosophical Transactions
    of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences</i>. Royal Society,
    The. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0286">https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0286</a>
  chicago: Kondrashov, Fyodor, and Alexey Kondrashov. “Measurements of Spontaneous
    Rates of Mutations in the Recent Past and the near Future.” <i>Philosophical Transactions
    of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences</i>. Royal Society,
    The, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0286">https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0286</a>.
  ieee: F. Kondrashov and A. Kondrashov, “Measurements of spontaneous rates of mutations
    in the recent past and the near future,” <i>Philosophical Transactions of the
    Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences</i>, vol. 365, no. 1544.
    Royal Society, The, pp. 1169–1176, 2010.
  ista: Kondrashov F, Kondrashov A. 2010. Measurements of spontaneous rates of mutations
    in the recent past and the near future. Philosophical Transactions of the Royal
    Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences. 365(1544), 1169–1176.
  mla: Kondrashov, Fyodor, and Alexey Kondrashov. “Measurements of Spontaneous Rates
    of Mutations in the Recent Past and the near Future.” <i>Philosophical Transactions
    of the Royal Society of London. Series B, Biological Sciences</i>, vol. 365, no.
    1544, Royal Society, The, 2010, pp. 1169–76, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0286">10.1098/rstb.2009.0286</a>.
  short: F. Kondrashov, A. Kondrashov, Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society
    of London. Series B, Biological Sciences 365 (2010) 1169–1176.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:48:57Z
date_published: 2010-04-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:20:43Z
day: '27'
doi: 10.1098/rstb.2009.0286
extern: 1
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1098/rstb.2009.0286
intvolume: '       365'
issue: '1544'
month: '04'
page: 1169 - 1176
publication: Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society of London. Series B,
  Biological Sciences
publication_status: published
publisher: Royal Society, The
publist_id: '6772'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Measurements of spontaneous rates of mutations in the recent past and the near
  future
type: journal_article
volume: 365
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '884'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Background: Divergence of two independently evolving sequences that originated
    from a common ancestor can be described by two parameters, the asymptotic level
    of divergence E and the rate r at which this level of divergence is approached.
    Constant negative selection impedes allele replacements and, therefore, is routinely
    assumed to decelerate sequence divergence. However, its impact on E and on r has
    not been formally investigated.Results: Strong selection that favors only one
    allele can make E arbitrarily small and r arbitrarily large. In contrast, in the
    case of 4 possible alleles and equal mutation rates, the lowest value of r, attained
    when two alleles confer equal fitnesses and the other two are strongly deleterious,
    is only two times lower than its value under selective neutrality.Conclusions:
    Constant selection can strongly constrain the level of sequence divergence, but
    cannot reduce substantially the rate at which this level is approached. In particular,
    under any constant selection the divergence of sequences that accumulated one
    substitution per neutral site since their origin from the common ancestor must
    already constitute at least one half of the asymptotic divergence at sites under
    such selection.Reviewers: This article was reviewed by Drs. Nicolas Galtier, Sergei
    Maslov, and Nick Grishin.'
author:
- first_name: Alexey
  full_name: Kondrashov, Alexey S
  last_name: Kondrashov
- first_name: Inna
  full_name: Povolotskaya, Inna
  last_name: Povolotskaya
- first_name: Dmitry
  full_name: Ivankov, Dmitry N
  last_name: Ivankov
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
citation:
  ama: Kondrashov A, Povolotskaya I, Ivankov D, Kondrashov F. Rate of sequence divergence
    under constant selection. <i>Biology Direct</i>. 2010;5. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-5">10.1186/1745-6150-5-5</a>
  apa: Kondrashov, A., Povolotskaya, I., Ivankov, D., &#38; Kondrashov, F. (2010).
    Rate of sequence divergence under constant selection. <i>Biology Direct</i>. BioMed
    Central. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-5">https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-5</a>
  chicago: Kondrashov, Alexey, Inna Povolotskaya, Dmitry Ivankov, and Fyodor Kondrashov.
    “Rate of Sequence Divergence under Constant Selection.” <i>Biology Direct</i>.
    BioMed Central, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-5">https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-5</a>.
  ieee: A. Kondrashov, I. Povolotskaya, D. Ivankov, and F. Kondrashov, “Rate of sequence
    divergence under constant selection,” <i>Biology Direct</i>, vol. 5. BioMed Central,
    2010.
  ista: Kondrashov A, Povolotskaya I, Ivankov D, Kondrashov F. 2010. Rate of sequence
    divergence under constant selection. Biology Direct. 5.
  mla: Kondrashov, Alexey, et al. “Rate of Sequence Divergence under Constant Selection.”
    <i>Biology Direct</i>, vol. 5, BioMed Central, 2010, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-5">10.1186/1745-6150-5-5</a>.
  short: A. Kondrashov, I. Povolotskaya, D. Ivankov, F. Kondrashov, Biology Direct
    5 (2010).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:00Z
date_published: 2010-01-21T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:21:15Z
day: '21'
doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-5-5
extern: 1
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-5
intvolume: '         5'
month: '01'
publication: Biology Direct
publication_status: published
publisher: BioMed Central
publist_id: '6762'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Rate of sequence divergence under constant selection
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
volume: 5
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '89'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: We demonstrate the operation of a device that can produce chitosan nanoparticles
    in a tunable size range from 50-300 nm with small size dispersion. A piezoelectric
    oscillator operated at megahertz frequencies is used to aerosolize a solution
    containing dissolved chitosan. The solvent is then evaporated from the aerosolized
    droplets in a heat pipe, leaving monodisperse nanoparticles to be collected. The
    nanoparticle size is controlled both by the concentration of the dissolved polymer
    and by the size of the aerosol droplets that are created. Our device can be used
    with any polymer or polymer/therapeutic combination that can be prepared in a
    homogeneous solution and vaporized.
acknowledgement: This work was supported by the National Science Foundation under
  Grants PHY-0456898 and PHY-0757989, and acknowledgment is made to the Donors of
  the Petroleum Research Fund administered by the American Chemical Society for partial
  support of this research.
author:
- first_name: Ian
  full_name: Wright, Ian
  last_name: Wright
- first_name: Andrew P
  full_name: Higginbotham, Andrew P
  id: 4AD6785A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Higginbotham
  orcid: 0000-0003-2607-2363
- first_name: Shenda
  full_name: Baker, Shenda
  last_name: Baker
- first_name: Tom
  full_name: Donnelly, Tom
  last_name: Donnelly
citation:
  ama: Wright I, Higginbotham AP, Baker S, Donnelly T. Generation of nanoparticles
    of controlled size using ultrasonic piezoelectric oscillators in solution. <i>ACS
    Applied Materials and Interfaces</i>. 2010;2(8):2360-2364. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/am100375w">10.1021/am100375w</a>
  apa: Wright, I., Higginbotham, A. P., Baker, S., &#38; Donnelly, T. (2010). Generation
    of nanoparticles of controlled size using ultrasonic piezoelectric oscillators
    in solution. <i>ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces</i>. American Chemical Society.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/am100375w">https://doi.org/10.1021/am100375w</a>
  chicago: Wright, Ian, Andrew P Higginbotham, Shenda Baker, and Tom Donnelly. “Generation
    of Nanoparticles of Controlled Size Using Ultrasonic Piezoelectric Oscillators
    in Solution.” <i>ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces</i>. American Chemical Society,
    2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/am100375w">https://doi.org/10.1021/am100375w</a>.
  ieee: I. Wright, A. P. Higginbotham, S. Baker, and T. Donnelly, “Generation of nanoparticles
    of controlled size using ultrasonic piezoelectric oscillators in solution,” <i>ACS
    Applied Materials and Interfaces</i>, vol. 2, no. 8. American Chemical Society,
    pp. 2360–2364, 2010.
  ista: Wright I, Higginbotham AP, Baker S, Donnelly T. 2010. Generation of nanoparticles
    of controlled size using ultrasonic piezoelectric oscillators in solution. ACS
    Applied Materials and Interfaces. 2(8), 2360–2364.
  mla: Wright, Ian, et al. “Generation of Nanoparticles of Controlled Size Using Ultrasonic
    Piezoelectric Oscillators in Solution.” <i>ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces</i>,
    vol. 2, no. 8, American Chemical Society, 2010, pp. 2360–64, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1021/am100375w">10.1021/am100375w</a>.
  short: I. Wright, A.P. Higginbotham, S. Baker, T. Donnelly, ACS Applied Materials
    and Interfaces 2 (2010) 2360–2364.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:34Z
date_published: 2010-07-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:21:17Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.1021/am100375w
extern: '1'
external_id:
  pmid:
  - '    20735108'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1021/am100375w
intvolume: '         2'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa_version: None
page: 2360 - 2364
pmid: 1
publication: ACS Applied Materials and Interfaces
publication_status: published
publisher: American Chemical Society
publist_id: '7965'
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Generation of nanoparticles of controlled size using ultrasonic piezoelectric
  oscillators in solution
type: journal_article
user_id: 3E5EF7F0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 2
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '891'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Gene duplications and their subsequent divergence play an important part in
    the evolution of novel gene functions. Several models for the emergence, maintenance
    and evolution of gene copies have been proposed. However, a clear consensus on
    how gene duplications are fixed and maintained in genomes is lacking. Here, we
    present a comprehensive classification of the models that are relevant to all
    stages of the evolution of gene duplications. Each model predicts a unique combination
    of evolutionary dynamics and functional properties. Setting out these predictions
    is an important step towards identifying the main mechanisms that are involved
    in the evolution of gene duplications.
acknowledgement: |
  We thank M. Lynch for insightful comments on the manuscript.
author:
- first_name: Hideki
  full_name: Innan, Hideki
  last_name: Innan
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
citation:
  ama: 'Innan H, Kondrashov F. The evolution of gene duplications: Classifying and
    distinguishing between models. <i>Nature Reviews Genetics</i>. 2010;11(2):97-108.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2689">10.1038/nrg2689</a>'
  apa: 'Innan, H., &#38; Kondrashov, F. (2010). The evolution of gene duplications:
    Classifying and distinguishing between models. <i>Nature Reviews Genetics</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2689">https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2689</a>'
  chicago: 'Innan, Hideki, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “The Evolution of Gene Duplications:
    Classifying and Distinguishing between Models.” <i>Nature Reviews Genetics</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2689">https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2689</a>.'
  ieee: 'H. Innan and F. Kondrashov, “The evolution of gene duplications: Classifying
    and distinguishing between models,” <i>Nature Reviews Genetics</i>, vol. 11, no.
    2. Nature Publishing Group, pp. 97–108, 2010.'
  ista: 'Innan H, Kondrashov F. 2010. The evolution of gene duplications: Classifying
    and distinguishing between models. Nature Reviews Genetics. 11(2), 97–108.'
  mla: 'Innan, Hideki, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “The Evolution of Gene Duplications:
    Classifying and Distinguishing between Models.” <i>Nature Reviews Genetics</i>,
    vol. 11, no. 2, Nature Publishing Group, 2010, pp. 97–108, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2689">10.1038/nrg2689</a>.'
  short: H. Innan, F. Kondrashov, Nature Reviews Genetics 11 (2010) 97–108.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:03Z
date_published: 2010-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:21:19Z
day: '01'
doi: 10.1038/nrg2689
extern: 1
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/nrg2689
intvolume: '        11'
issue: '2'
month: '02'
page: 97 - 108
publication: Nature Reviews Genetics
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '6755'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: 'The evolution of gene duplications: Classifying and distinguishing between
  models'
type: journal_article
volume: 11
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '901'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Background: Surveying deleterious variation in human populations is crucial
    for our understanding, diagnosis and potential treatment of human genetic pathologies.
    A number of recent genome-wide analyses focused on the prevalence of segregating
    deleterious alleles in the nuclear genome. However, such studies have not been
    conducted for the mitochondrial genome.Results: We present a systematic survey
    of polymorphisms in the human mitochondrial genome, including those predicted
    to be deleterious and those that correspond to known pathogenic mutations. Analyzing
    4458 completely sequenced mitochondrial genomes we characterize the genetic diversity
    of different types of single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) in African (L haplotypes)
    and non-African (M and N haplotypes) populations. We find that the overall level
    of polymorphism is higher in the mitochondrial compared to the nuclear genome,
    although the mitochondrial genome appears to be under stronger selection as indicated
    by proportionally fewer nonsynonymous than synonymous substitutions. The African
    mitochondrial genomes show higher heterozygosity, a greater number of polymorphic
    sites and higher frequencies of polymorphisms for synonymous, benign and damaging
    polymorphism than non-African genomes. However, African genomes carry significantly
    fewer SNPs that have been previously characterized as pathogenic compared to non-African
    genomes.Conclusions: Finding SNPs classified as pathogenic to be the only category
    of polymorphisms that are more abundant in non-African genomes is best explained
    by a systematic ascertainment bias that favours the discovery of pathogenic polymorphisms
    segregating in non-African populations. This further suggests that, contrary to
    the common disease-common variant hypothesis, pathogenic mutations are largely
    population-specific and different SNPs may be associated with the same disease
    in different populations. Therefore, to obtain a comprehensive picture of the
    deleterious variability in the human population, as well as to improve the diagnostics
    of individuals carrying African mitochondrial haplotypes, it is necessary to survey
    different populations independently.Reviewers: This article was reviewed by Dr
    Mikhail Gelfand, Dr Vasily Ramensky (nominated by Dr Eugene Koonin) and Dr David
    Rand (nominated by Dr Laurence Hurst).'
acknowledgement: We thank Ivan Adzhubei and Shamil Sunyaev for extensive assistance
  with PolyPhen 2 and insightful discussion. We thank the Spanish Ministry of Science
  and Innovation, Plan Nacional Program grant BFU2009-09271 for funding.
author:
- first_name: Michael
  full_name: Breen, Michael S
  last_name: Breen
- first_name: Fyodor
  full_name: Fyodor Kondrashov
  id: 44FDEF62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Kondrashov
  orcid: 0000-0001-8243-4694
citation:
  ama: Breen M, Kondrashov F. Mitochondrial pathogenic mutations are population-specific.
    <i>Biology Direct</i>. 2010;5. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-68">10.1186/1745-6150-5-68</a>
  apa: Breen, M., &#38; Kondrashov, F. (2010). Mitochondrial pathogenic mutations
    are population-specific. <i>Biology Direct</i>. BioMed Central. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-68">https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-68</a>
  chicago: Breen, Michael, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “Mitochondrial Pathogenic Mutations
    Are Population-Specific.” <i>Biology Direct</i>. BioMed Central, 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-68">https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-68</a>.
  ieee: M. Breen and F. Kondrashov, “Mitochondrial pathogenic mutations are population-specific,”
    <i>Biology Direct</i>, vol. 5. BioMed Central, 2010.
  ista: Breen M, Kondrashov F. 2010. Mitochondrial pathogenic mutations are population-specific.
    Biology Direct. 5.
  mla: Breen, Michael, and Fyodor Kondrashov. “Mitochondrial Pathogenic Mutations
    Are Population-Specific.” <i>Biology Direct</i>, vol. 5, BioMed Central, 2010,
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-68">10.1186/1745-6150-5-68</a>.
  short: M. Breen, F. Kondrashov, Biology Direct 5 (2010).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:49:06Z
date_published: 2010-12-31T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2021-01-12T08:21:46Z
day: '31'
doi: 10.1186/1745-6150-5-68
extern: 1
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6150-5-68
intvolume: '         5'
month: '12'
publication: Biology Direct
publication_status: published
publisher: BioMed Central
publist_id: '6749'
quality_controlled: 0
status: public
title: Mitochondrial pathogenic mutations are population-specific
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
  short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
volume: 5
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '9012'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In this Letter, we characterize experimentally the diffusiophoretic motion
    of colloids and λ-DNA toward higher concentration of solutes, using microfluidic
    technology to build spatially and temporally controlled concentration gradients.
    We then demonstrate that segregation and spatial patterning of the particles can
    be achieved from temporal variations of the solute concentration profile. This
    segregation takes the form of a strong trapping potential, stemming from an osmotically
    induced rectification mechanism of the solute time-dependent variations. Depending
    on the spatial and temporal symmetry of the solute signal, localization patterns
    with various shapes can be achieved. These results highlight the role of solute
    contrasts in out-of-equilibrium processes occurring in soft matter.
article_number: '138302'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jérémie A
  full_name: Palacci, Jérémie A
  id: 8fb92548-2b22-11eb-b7c1-a3f0d08d7c7d
  last_name: Palacci
  orcid: 0000-0002-7253-9465
- first_name: Benjamin
  full_name: Abécassis, Benjamin
  last_name: Abécassis
- first_name: Cécile
  full_name: Cottin-Bizonne, Cécile
  last_name: Cottin-Bizonne
- first_name: Christophe
  full_name: Ybert, Christophe
  last_name: Ybert
- first_name: Lydéric
  full_name: Bocquet, Lydéric
  last_name: Bocquet
citation:
  ama: Palacci JA, Abécassis B, Cottin-Bizonne C, Ybert C, Bocquet L. Colloidal motility
    and pattern formation under rectified diffusiophoresis. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>.
    2010;104(13). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302">10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302</a>
  apa: Palacci, J. A., Abécassis, B., Cottin-Bizonne, C., Ybert, C., &#38; Bocquet,
    L. (2010). Colloidal motility and pattern formation under rectified diffusiophoresis.
    <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302</a>
  chicago: Palacci, Jérémie A, Benjamin Abécassis, Cécile Cottin-Bizonne, Christophe
    Ybert, and Lydéric Bocquet. “Colloidal Motility and Pattern Formation under Rectified
    Diffusiophoresis.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society,
    2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302</a>.
  ieee: J. A. Palacci, B. Abécassis, C. Cottin-Bizonne, C. Ybert, and L. Bocquet,
    “Colloidal motility and pattern formation under rectified diffusiophoresis,” <i>Physical
    Review Letters</i>, vol. 104, no. 13. American Physical Society, 2010.
  ista: Palacci JA, Abécassis B, Cottin-Bizonne C, Ybert C, Bocquet L. 2010. Colloidal
    motility and pattern formation under rectified diffusiophoresis. Physical Review
    Letters. 104(13), 138302.
  mla: Palacci, Jérémie A., et al. “Colloidal Motility and Pattern Formation under
    Rectified Diffusiophoresis.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 104, no. 13,
    138302, American Physical Society, 2010, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302">10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302</a>.
  short: J.A. Palacci, B. Abécassis, C. Cottin-Bizonne, C. Ybert, L. Bocquet, Physical
    Review Letters 104 (2010).
date_created: 2021-01-19T10:25:04Z
date_published: 2010-04-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-23T13:46:40Z
day: '02'
doi: 10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1004.1256 '
  pmid:
  - '20481918'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.104.138302
intvolume: '       104'
issue: '13'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1004.1256
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
pmid: 1
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - '10797114'
  issn:
  - '00319007'
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Colloidal motility and pattern formation under rectified diffusiophoresis
type: journal_article
user_id: D865714E-FA4E-11E9-B85B-F5C5E5697425
volume: 104
year: '2010'
...
---
_id: '9013'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In this Letter, we investigate experimentally the nonequilibrium steady state
    of an active colloidal suspension under gravity field. The active particles are
    made of chemically powered colloids, showing self propulsion in the presence of
    an added fuel, here hydrogen peroxide. The active suspension is studied in a dedicated
    microfluidic device, made of permeable gel microstructures. Both the microdynamics
    of individual colloids and the global stationary state of the suspension under
    gravity are measured with optical microscopy. This yields a direct measurement
    of the effective temperature of the active system as a function of the particle
    activity, on the basis of the fluctuation-dissipation relationship. Our work is
    a first step in the experimental exploration of the out-of-equilibrium properties
    of active colloidal systems.
article_number: '088304'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: letter_note
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Jérémie A
  full_name: Palacci, Jérémie A
  id: 8fb92548-2b22-11eb-b7c1-a3f0d08d7c7d
  last_name: Palacci
  orcid: 0000-0002-7253-9465
- first_name: Cécile
  full_name: Cottin-Bizonne, Cécile
  last_name: Cottin-Bizonne
- first_name: Christophe
  full_name: Ybert, Christophe
  last_name: Ybert
- first_name: Lydéric
  full_name: Bocquet, Lydéric
  last_name: Bocquet
citation:
  ama: Palacci JA, Cottin-Bizonne C, Ybert C, Bocquet L. Sedimentation and effective
    temperature of active colloidal suspensions. <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. 2010;105(8).
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304">10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304</a>
  apa: Palacci, J. A., Cottin-Bizonne, C., Ybert, C., &#38; Bocquet, L. (2010). Sedimentation
    and effective temperature of active colloidal suspensions. <i>Physical Review
    Letters</i>. American Physical Society . <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304</a>
  chicago: Palacci, Jérémie A, Cécile Cottin-Bizonne, Christophe Ybert, and Lydéric
    Bocquet. “Sedimentation and Effective Temperature of Active Colloidal Suspensions.”
    <i>Physical Review Letters</i>. American Physical Society , 2010. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304">https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304</a>.
  ieee: J. A. Palacci, C. Cottin-Bizonne, C. Ybert, and L. Bocquet, “Sedimentation
    and effective temperature of active colloidal suspensions,” <i>Physical Review
    Letters</i>, vol. 105, no. 8. American Physical Society , 2010.
  ista: Palacci JA, Cottin-Bizonne C, Ybert C, Bocquet L. 2010. Sedimentation and
    effective temperature of active colloidal suspensions. Physical Review Letters.
    105(8), 088304.
  mla: Palacci, Jérémie A., et al. “Sedimentation and Effective Temperature of Active
    Colloidal Suspensions.” <i>Physical Review Letters</i>, vol. 105, no. 8, 088304,
    American Physical Society , 2010, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304">10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304</a>.
  short: J.A. Palacci, C. Cottin-Bizonne, C. Ybert, L. Bocquet, Physical Review Letters
    105 (2010).
date_created: 2021-01-19T10:26:33Z
date_published: 2010-08-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-23T13:46:42Z
day: '20'
doi: 10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304
extern: '1'
external_id:
  arxiv:
  - '1004.4340'
  pmid:
  - '20868136'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevlett.105.088304
intvolume: '       105'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1004.4340
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
pmid: 1
publication: Physical Review Letters
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - '10797114'
  issn:
  - '00319007'
publication_status: published
publisher: 'American Physical Society '
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Sedimentation and effective temperature of active colloidal suspensions
type: journal_article
user_id: D865714E-FA4E-11E9-B85B-F5C5E5697425
volume: 105
year: '2010'
...
