https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at
2000-01-01T00:00+00:001monthlyA unified framework of direct and indirect reciprocity
https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/9402
Schmid, LauraChatterjee, KrishnenduHilbe, ChristianNowak, Martin A.2021Direct and indirect reciprocity are key mechanisms for the evolution of cooperation. Direct reciprocity means that individuals use their own experience to decide whether to cooperate with another person. Indirect reciprocity means that they also consider the experiences of others. Although these two mechanisms are intertwined, they are typically studied in isolation. Here, we introduce a mathematical framework that allows us to explore both kinds of reciprocity simultaneously. We show that the well-known ‘generous tit-for-tat’ strategy of direct reciprocity has a natural analogue in indirect reciprocity, which we call ‘generous scoring’. Using an equilibrium analysis, we characterize under which conditions either of the two strategies can maintain cooperation. With simulations, we additionally explore which kind of reciprocity evolves when members of a population engage in social learning to adapt to their environment. Our results draw unexpected connections between direct and indirect reciprocity while highlighting important differences regarding their evolvability.https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/9402https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/download/9402/14496engSpringer Natureinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1038/s41562-021-01114-8info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/2397-3374info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/wos/000650304000002info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/33986519info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/863818info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/FP7/279307info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessSchmid L, Chatterjee K, Hilbe C, Nowak MA. A unified framework of direct and indirect reciprocity. <i>Nature Human Behaviour</i>. 2021;5(10):1292–1302. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/s41562-021-01114-8">10.1038/s41562-021-01114-8</a>ddc:000A unified framework of direct and indirect reciprocityinfo:eu-repo/semantics/articledoc-type:articletexthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_6501Mosses: Accessible Systems for Plant Development Studies
https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/17085
Floriach-Clark, JordiTang, HanWillemsen, ViolaAbdurakhmonov, Ibrokhim Y.2022Mosses are a cosmopolitan group of land plants, sister to vascular plants, with a high potential for molecular and cell biological research. The species Physcomitrium patens has helped gaining better understanding of the biological processes of the plant cell, and it has become a central system to understand water-to-land plant transition through 2D-to-3D growth transition, regulation of asymmetric cell division, shoot apical cell establishment and maintenance, phyllotaxis and regeneration. P. patens was the first fully sequenced moss in 2008, with the latest annotated release in 2018. It has been shown that many gene functions and networks are conserved in mosses when compared to angiosperms. Importantly, this model organism has a simplified and accessible body structure that facilitates close tracking in time and space with the support of live cell imaging set-ups and multiple reporter lines. This has become possible thanks to its fully established molecular toolkit, with highly efficient PEG-assisted, CRISPR/Cas9 and RNAi transformation and silencing protocols, among others. Here we provide examples on how mosses exhibit advantages over vascular plants to study several processes and their future potential to answer some other outstanding questions in plant cell biology.https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/17085engIntech Openinfo:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.5772/intechopen.100535info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/isbn/9781839697500info:eu-repo/grantAgreement/EC/H2020/742985info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccessFloriach-Clark J, Tang H, Willemsen V. Mosses: Accessible Systems for Plant Development Studies. In: Abdurakhmonov IY, ed. <i>Model Organisms in Plant Genetics</i>. Intech Open; 2022. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5772/intechopen.100535">10.5772/intechopen.100535</a>Mosses: Accessible Systems for Plant Development Studiesinfo:eu-repo/semantics/bookPartdoc-type:bookParttexthttp://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_3248