@misc{18579, abstract = {Electrophysiological, calcium two-photon recordings and behavioral data for Vega-Zuniga et al. Relevant information can be found in the 'README.txt' files. }, author = {Vega Zuniga, Tomas A and Sumser, Anton L and Symonova, Olga and Koppensteiner, Peter and Schmidt, Florian and Jösch, Maximilian A}, publisher = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria}, title = {{A thalamic hub-and-spoke network enables visual perception during action by coordinating visuomotor dynamics}}, doi = {10.15479/AT:ISTA:18579}, year = {2024}, } @article{18581, abstract = {Background: Human induced pluripotent stem cells represent a scalable source of youthful tissue progenitors and secretomes for regenerative therapies. The aim of our study was to investigate the potential of conditioned medium (CM) from hiPSC-mesenchymal progenitors (hiPSC-MPs) to stimulate osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs). We also investigated whether prolonged cultivation or osteogenic pre-differentiation of hiPSC-MPs could enhance the stimulatory activity of CM. Methods: MSCs were isolated from 13 donors (age 20–90 years). CM derived from hiPSC-MPs was added to the MSC cultures and the effects on proliferation and osteogenic differentiation were examined after 14 days and 6 weeks. The stimulatory activity of hiPSC-MP-CM was compared with the activity of MSC-derived CM and with the activity of CM prepared from hiPSC-MPs pre-cultured in growth or osteogenic medium for 14 days. Comparative proteomic analysis of CM was performed to gain insight into the molecular components responsible for the stimulatory activity. Results: Primary bone marrow-derived MSC exhibited variability, with a tendency towards lower proliferation and tri-lineage differentiation in older donors. hiPSC-MP-CM increased the proliferation and alkaline phosphatase activity of MSC from several adult/aged donors after 14 days of continuous supplementation under osteogenic conditions. However, CM supplementation failed to improve the mineralization of MSC pellets after 6 weeks under osteogenic conditions. hiPSC-MP-CM showed greater enhancement of proliferation and ALP activity than CM derived from bone marrow-derived MSCs. Moreover, 14-day cultivation but not osteogenic pre-differentiation of hiPSC-MPs strongly enhanced CM stimulatory activity. Quantitative proteomic analysis of d14-CM revealed a distinct profile of components that formed a highly interconnected associations network with two clusters, one functionally associated with binding and organization of actin/cytoskeletal components and the other with structural constituents of the extracellular matrix, collagen, and growth factor binding. Several hub proteins were identified that were reported to have functions in cell-extracellular matrix interaction, osteogenic differentiation and development. Conclusions: Our data show that hiPSC-MP-CM enhances early osteogenic differentiation of human bone marrow-derived MSCs and that prolonged cultivation of hiPSC-MPs enhances CM-stimulatory activity. Proteomic analysis of the upregulated protein components provides the basis for further optimization of hiPSC-MP-CM for bone regenerative therapies.}, author = {Marolt Presen, Darja and Goeschl, Vanessa and Hanetseder, Dominik and Ogrin, Laura and Stetco, Alexandra Larissa and Tansek, Anja and Pozenel, Laura and Bruszel, Bella and Mitulovic, Goran and Oesterreicher, Johannes and Zipperle, Johannes and Schaedl, Barbara and Holnthoner, Wolfgang and Grillari, Johannes and Redl, Heinz}, issn = {1757-6512}, journal = {Stem Cell Research and Therapy}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Prolonged cultivation enhances the stimulatory activity of hiPSC mesenchymal progenitor-derived conditioned medium}}, doi = {10.1186/s13287-024-03960-5}, volume = {15}, year = {2024}, } @article{18582, abstract = {Identification of PIN exporters for auxin, the major coordinative signal in plants, some 25 years ago, signifies a landmark in our understanding of plant-specific mechanisms underlying development and adaptation. Auxin is directionally transported throughout the plant body; a unique feature already envisioned by Darwin and solidified by PINs’ discovery and characterization. The PIN-based auxin distribution network with its complex regulations of PIN expression, localization and activity turned out to underlie a remarkable multitude of developmental processes and represents means to integrate endogenous and environmental signals. Given the recent anniversary, we here summarize past and current developments in this exciting field.}, author = {Luschnig, Christian and Friml, Jiří}, issn = {2041-1723}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Over 25 years of decrypting PIN-mediated plant development}}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-024-54240-y}, volume = {15}, year = {2024}, } @article{18583, abstract = {There are a number of well-known problems and conjectures about partitioning graphs to satisfy local constraints. For example, the majority colouring conjecture of Kreutzer, Oum, Seymour, van der Zypen and Wood states that every directed graph has a 3-colouring such that for every vertex v, at most half of the out-neighbours of v have the same colour as . As another example, the internal partition conjecture, due to DeVos and to Ban and Linial, states that for every d, all but finitely many d-regular graphs have a partition into two non-empty parts such that for every vertex v, at least half of the neighbours of v lie in the same part as v. We prove several results in this spirit: in particular, two of our results are that the majority colouring conjecture holds for Erdős–Rényi random directed graphs (of any density), and that the internal partition conjecture holds if we permit a tiny number of ‘exceptional vertices’. Our proofs involve a variety of techniques, including several different methods to analyse random recolouring processes. One highlight is a personality-changing scheme: we ‘forget’ certain information based on the state of a Markov chain, giving us more independence to work with.}, author = {Anastos, Michael and Cooley, Oliver and Kang, Mihyun and Kwan, Matthew Alan}, issn = {1469-7750}, journal = {Journal of the London Mathematical Society}, number = {6}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Partitioning problems via random processes}}, doi = {10.1112/jlms.70010}, volume = {110}, year = {2024}, } @article{18584, abstract = {In this paper, we describe the "Medium Bands, Mega Science" JWST Cycle 2 survey (JWST-GO-4111) and demonstrate the power of these data to reveal both the spatially integrated and spatially resolved properties of galaxies from the local Universe to the era of cosmic dawn. Executed in 2023 November, MegaScience obtained ∼30 arcmin2 of deep multiband NIRCam imaging centered on the z ∼ 0.3 A2744 cluster, including 11 medium-band filters and the two shortest-wavelength broadband filters, F070W and F090W. Together, MegaScience and the UNCOVER Cycle 1 treasury program provide a complete set of deep (∼28–30 magAB) images in all NIRCam medium- and broadband filters. This unique data set allows us to precisely constrain photometric redshifts, map stellar populations and dust attenuation for large samples of distant galaxies, and examine the connection between galaxy structures and formation histories. MegaScience also includes ∼17 arcmin2 of NIRISS parallel imaging in two broadband and four medium-band filters from 0.9 to 4.8 μm, expanding the footprint where robust spectral energy distribution (SED) fitting is possible. We provide example SEDs and multiband cutouts at a variety of redshifts, and use a catalog of JWST spectroscopic redshifts to show that MegaScience improves both the scatter and catastrophic outlier rate of photometric redshifts by factors of 2–3. Additionally, we demonstrate the spatially resolved science enabled by MegaScience by presenting maps of the [O iii] line emission and continuum emission in three spectroscopically confirmed z > 6 galaxies. We show that line emission in reionization-era galaxies can be clumpy, extended, and spatially offset from continuum emission, implying that galaxy assembly histories are complex even at these early epochs. We publicly release fully reduced mosaics and photometric catalogs for both the NIRCam primary and NIRISS parallel fields (jwst-uncover.github.io/megascience).}, author = {Suess, Katherine A. and Weaver, John R. and Price, Sedona H. and Pan, Richard and Wang, Bingjie and Bezanson, Rachel and Brammer, Gabriel and Cutler, Sam E. and Labbé, Ivo and Leja, Joel and Williams, Christina C. and Whitaker, Katherine E. and Atek, Hakim and Dayal, Pratika and De Graaff, Anna and Feldmann, Robert and Franx, Marijn and Fudamoto, Yoshinobu and Fujimoto, Seiji and Furtak, Lukas J. and Goulding, Andy D. and Greene, Jenny E. and Khullar, Gourav and Kokorev, Vasily and Kriek, Mariska and Lorenz, Brian and Marchesini, Danilo and Maseda, Michael V. and Matthee, Jorryt J and Miller, Tim B. and Mitsuhashi, Ikki and Mowla, Lamiya A. and Muzzin, Adam and Naidu, Rohan P. and Nanayakkara, Themiya and Nelson, Erica J. and Oesch, Pascal A. and Setton, David J. and Shipley, Heath and Smit, Renske and Spilker, Justin S. and Van Dokkum, Pieter and Zitrin, Adi}, issn = {1538-4357}, journal = {Astrophysical Journal}, number = {1}, publisher = {IOP Publishing}, title = {{Medium bands, mega science: A JWST/NIRCam medium-band imaging survey of A2744}}, doi = {10.3847/1538-4357/ad75fe}, volume = {976}, year = {2024}, } @article{18585, abstract = {We present the census of Hβ+[OIII] 4960,5008 Åemitters at 6.87 galaxies. We report a rapid decline of the [OIII] luminosity density at z≳6−7 which cannot be explained by the evolution of the cosmic star-formation rate density. Finally we find that FRESCO detects in only 2h galaxies likely accounting for ∼10−20% of the ionising budget at z=7−8 (assuming an escape fraction of 10%), raising the prospect of directly detecting a significant fraction of the sources of reionisation with JWST.}, author = {Meyer, R. A. and Oesch, P. A. and Giovinazzo, E. and Weibel, A. and Brammer, G. and Matthee, Jorryt J and Naidu, R. P. and Bouwens, R. J. and Chisholm, J. and Covelo-Paz, A. and Fudamoto, Y. and Maseda, M. and Nelson, E. and Shivaei, I. and Xiao, M. and Herard-Demanche, T. and Illingworth, G. D. and Kerutt, J. and Kramarenko, Ivan and Labbe, I. and Leonova, E. and Magee, D. and Matharu, J. and Prieto Lyon, G. and Reddy, N. and Schaerer, D. and Shapley, A. and Stefanon, M. and Wozniak, M. A. and Wuyts, S.}, issn = {1365-2966}, journal = {Monthly Notices of the Royal Astronomical Society}, number = {1}, pages = {1067--1094}, publisher = {Oxford University Press}, title = {{JWST FRESCO: A comprehensive census of H β + [O iii] emitters at 6.8 < z < 9.0 in the GOODS fields}}, doi = {10.1093/mnras/stae2353}, volume = {535}, year = {2024}, } @article{18586, abstract = {We prove the Central Limit Theorem and superpolynomial mixing for environment viewed from the particle process in quasi periodic Diophantine random environment. The main ingredients are smoothness estimates for the solution of the Poisson equation and local limit asymptotics for certain accelerated walks.}, author = {Czudek, Klaudiusz S and Dolgopyat, Dmitry}, issn = {1980-0436}, journal = {Alea}, number = {2}, pages = {1853--1865}, publisher = {Instituto Nacional de Matematica Pura e Aplicada}, title = {{The central limit theorem and rate of mixing for simple random walks on the circle}}, doi = {10.30757/ALEA.V21-70}, volume = {21}, year = {2024}, } @article{18587, abstract = {Many scientific breakthroughs have depended on animal research, yet the ethical concerns surrounding the use of animals in experimentation have long prompted discussions about humane treatment and responsible scientific practice. First articulated by Russell and Burch, the 3Rs Principles of Replacement, Reduction, and Refinement have gained widespread recognition as basic guidelines for animal research. Over time, the 3Rs have transcended the research community, influencing policy decisions, animal welfare advocacy and public perception of animal experimentation. Despite their broad acceptance, interpretations of the 3Rs vary substantially, shaping statutory frameworks at various levels, with both technical and practical impacts.}, author = {Lauwereyns, Jan and Bajramovic, Jeffrey and Bert, Bettina and Camenzind, Samuel and De Kock, Joery and Elezović, Alisa and Erden, Sevilay and Gonzalez-Uarquin, Fernando and Ulman, Yesim Isil and Hoffmann, Orsolya Ivett and Kitsara, Maria and Kostomitsopoulos, Nikolaos and Neuhaus, Winfried and Petit-Demouliere, Benoit and Pollo, Simone and Riso, Brígida and Schober, Sophie and Sotiropoulos, Athanassia and Thomas, Aurélie and Vitale, Augusto and Wilflingseder, Doris and Ahluwalia, Arti}, issn = {1548-4475}, journal = {Lab Animal}, pages = {347--350}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Toward a common interpretation of the 3Rs principles in animal research}}, doi = {10.1038/s41684-024-01476-2}, volume = {53}, year = {2024}, } @article{18596, abstract = {Hormone perception and signaling pathways have a fundamental regulatory function in the physiological processes of plants. Cytokinins, a class of plant hormones, regulate cell division and meristem maintenance. The cytokinin signaling pathway is well established in the model plant Arabidopsis thaliana. Several negative feedback mechanisms, tightly controlling cytokinin signaling output, have been described previously. In this study, we identified a new feedback mechanism executed through alternative splicing of the cytokinin receptor AHK4/CRE1. A novel splicing variant named CRE1int7 results from seventh intron retention, introducing a premature termination codon in the transcript. We showed that CRE1int7 is translated in planta into a truncated receptor lacking the C-terminal receiver domain essential for signal transduction. CRE1int7 can bind cytokinin but cannot activate the downstream cascade. We present a novel negative feedback mechanism of the cytokinin signaling pathway, facilitated by a decoy receptor that can inactivate canonical cytokinin receptors via dimerization and compete with them for ligand binding. Ensuring proper plant growth and development requires precise control of the cytokinin signaling pathway at several levels. CRE1int7 represents a so-far unknown mechanism for fine-tuning the cytokinin signaling pathway in Arabidopsis.}, author = {Králová, Michaela and Kubalová, Ivona and Hajný, Jakub and Kubiasova, Karolina and Vagaská, Karolína and Ge, Zengxiang and Gallei, Michelle C and Semerádová, Hana and Kuchařová, Anna and Hönig, Martin and Monzer, Aline and Kovačik, Martin and Friml, Jiří and Novák, Ondřej and Benková, Eva and Ikeda, Yoshihisa and Zalabák, David}, issn = {1674-2052}, journal = {Molecular Plant}, number = {12}, pages = {1850--1865}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{A decoy receptor derived from alternative splicing fine-tunes cytokinin signaling in Arabidopsis}}, doi = {10.1016/j.molp.2024.11.001}, volume = {17}, year = {2024}, } @inproceedings{18599, abstract = {Hypernode logic can reason about the prefix relation on stutter-reduced finite traces through the stutter-reduced prefix predicate. We increase the expressiveness of hypernode logic in two ways. First, we split the stutter-reduced prefix predicate into an explicit stutter-reduction operator and the classical prefix predicate on words. This change gives hypernode logic the ability to combine synchronous and asynchronous reasoning by explicitly stating which parts of traces can stutter. Second, we allow the use of regular expressions in formulas to reason about the structure of traces. This change enables hypernode logic to describe a mixture of trace properties and hyperproperties. We show how to translate extended hypernode logic formulas into multi-track automata, which are automata that read multiple input words. Then we describe a fully online monitoring algorithm for monitoring k-safety hyperproperties specified in the logic. We have implemented the monitoring algorithm, and evaluated it on monitoring synchronous and asynchronous versions of observational determinism, and on checking the privacy preservation by compiler optimizations.}, author = {Chalupa, Marek and Henzinger, Thomas A and Oliveira da Costa, Ana}, booktitle = {Integrated Formal Methods}, isbn = {9783031765537}, issn = {1611-3349}, pages = {151--171}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Monitoring extended hypernode logic}}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-76554-4_9}, volume = {15234}, year = {2024}, } @inproceedings{18600, abstract = {The analysis of formal models that include quantitative aspects such as timing or probabilistic choices is performed by quantitative verification tools. Broad and mature tool support is available for computing basic properties such as expected rewards on basic models such as Markov chains. Previous editions of QComp, the comparison of tools for the analysis of quantitative formal models, focused on this setting. Many application scenarios, however, require more advanced property types such as LTL and parameter synthesis queries as well as advanced models like stochastic games and partially observable MDPs. For these, tool support is in its infancy today. This paper presents the outcomes of QComp 2023: a survey of the state of the art in quantitative verification tool support for advanced property types and models. With tools ranging from first research prototypes to well-supported integrations into established toolsets, this report highlights today’s active areas and tomorrow’s challenges in tool-focused research for quantitative verification.}, author = {Andriushchenko, Roman and Bork, Alexander and Budde, Carlos E. and Češka, Milan and Grover, Kush and Hahn, Ernst Moritz and Hartmanns, Arnd and Israelsen, Bryant and Jansen, Nils and Jeppson, Joshua and Junges, Sebastian and Köhl, Maximilian A. and Könighofer, Bettina and Kretinsky, Jan and Meggendorfer, Tobias and Parker, David and Pranger, Stefan and Quatmann, Tim and Ruijters, Enno and Taylor, Landon and Volk, Matthias and Weininger, Maximilian and Zhang, Zhen}, booktitle = {TOOLympics Challenge 2023}, isbn = {9783031676949}, issn = {1611-3349}, pages = {90--146}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Tools at the Frontiers of Quantitative Verification: QComp 2023 Competition Report}}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-67695-6_4}, volume = {14550}, year = {2024}, } @article{18602, abstract = {Semiconductor quantum dots (QDs) in planar germanium (Ge) heterostructures have emerged as front-runners for future hole-based quantum processors. Here, we present strong coupling between a hole charge qubit, defined in a double quantum dot (DQD) in planar Ge, and microwave photons in a high-impedance (Zr = 1.3 kΩ) resonator based on an array of superconducting quantum interference devices (SQUIDs). Our investigation reveals vacuum-Rabi splittings with coupling strengths up to g0/2π = 260 MHz, and a cooperativity of C ~ 100, dependent on DQD tuning. Furthermore, utilizing the frequency tunability of our resonator, we explore the quenched energy splitting associated with strong Coulomb correlation effects in Ge QDs. The observed enhanced coherence of the strongly correlated excited state signals the presence of distinct symmetries within related spin functions, serving as a precursor to the strong coupling between photons and spin-charge hybrid qubits in planar Ge. This work paves the way towards coherent quantum connections between remote hole qubits in planar Ge, required to scale up hole-based quantum processors.}, author = {De Palma, Franco and Oppliger, Fabian and Jang, Wonjin and Bosco, Stefano and Janik, Marian and Calcaterra, Stefano and Katsaros, Georgios and Isella, Giovanni and Loss, Daniel and Scarlino, Pasquale}, issn = {2041-1723}, journal = {Nature Communications}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Strong hole-photon coupling in planar Ge for probing charge degree and strongly correlated states}}, doi = {10.1038/s41467-024-54520-7}, volume = {15}, year = {2024}, } @article{18604, abstract = {A face in a curve arrangement is called popular if it is bounded by the same curve multiple times. Motivated by the automatic generation of curved nonogram puzzles, we investigate possibilities to eliminate the popular faces in an arrangement by inserting a single additional curve. This turns out to be NP-hard; however, it becomes tractable when the number of popular faces is small: We present a randomized FPT-time algorithm where the parameter is the number of popular faces.}, author = {De Nooijer, Phoebe and Terziadis, Soeren and Weinberger, Alexandra and Masárová, Zuzana and Mchedlidze, Tamara and Löffler, Maarten and Rote, Günter}, issn = {1526-1719}, journal = {Journal of Graph Algorithms and Applications}, number = {2}, pages = {47--82}, publisher = {Brown University}, title = {{Removing popular faces in curve arrangements}}, doi = {10.7155/jgaa.v28i2.2988}, volume = {28}, year = {2024}, } @article{18616, abstract = {By patterning an ultrathin layered structure with tiny wells, physicists have created and imaged peculiar states known as quantum scars — revealing behaviour that could be used to boost the performance of electronic devices.}, author = {Abanin, Dmitry and Serbyn, Maksym}, issn = {1476-4687}, journal = {Nature}, number = {8040}, pages = {825--826}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{Quantum scars make their mark in graphene}}, doi = {10.1038/d41586-024-03649-y}, volume = {635}, year = {2024}, } @article{18617, abstract = {Any complex-valued polynomial on (Rn)k decomposes into an algebraic combination of O(n)-invariant polynomials and harmonic polynomials. This decomposition, separation of variables, is granted to be unique if n≥2k−1. We prove that the condition n≥2k−1 is not only sufficient, but also necessary for uniqueness of the separation. Moreover, we describe the structure of non-uniqueness of the separation in the boundary cases when n=2k−2 and n=2k−3. Formally, we study the kernel of a multiplication map ϕ carrying out separation of variables. We devise a general algorithmic procedure for describing Ker ϕ in the restricted non-stable range k≤n<2k−1. In the full non-stable range n<2k−1, we give formulas for highest weights of generators of the kernel as well as formulas for its Hilbert series. Using the developed methods, we obtain a list of highest weight vectors generating Ker ϕ.}, author = {Beďatš, Daniel}, issn = {0021-8693}, journal = {Journal of Algebra}, pages = {281--304}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Separation of variables for scalar-valued polynomials in the non-stable range}}, doi = {10.1016/j.jalgebra.2024.04.013}, volume = {651}, year = {2024}, } @article{18627, abstract = {In contrast with extended Bloch waves, a single particle can become spatially localized due to the so-called skin effect originating from non-Hermitian pumping. Here we show that in kinetically constrained many-body systems, the skin effect can instead manifest as dynamical amplification within the Fock space, beyond the intuitively expected and previously studied particle localization and clustering. We exemplify this non-Hermitian Fock skin effect in an asymmetric version of the PXP model and show that it gives rise to ergodicity-breaking eigenstates—the non-Hermitian analogs of quantum many-body scars. A distinguishing feature of these non-Hermitian scars is their enhanced robustness against external disorders. We propose an experimental realization of the non-Hermitian scar enhancement in a tilted Bose-Hubbard optical lattice with laser-induced loss. Additionally, we implement digital simulations of such scar enhancement on the IBM quantum processor. Our results show that the Fock skin effect provides a powerful tool for creating robust nonergodic states in generic open quantum systems.}, author = {Shen, Ruizhe and Qin, Fang and Desaules, Jean-Yves Marc and Papić, Zlatko and Lee, Ching Hua}, issn = {1079-7114}, journal = {Physical Review Letters}, number = {21}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{Enhanced many-body quantum scars from the non-hermitian fock skin effect}}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevLett.133.216601}, volume = {133}, year = {2024}, } @article{18628, abstract = {Arctic tidewater glaciers are retreating, serving as key indicators of global warming. This study aims to assess how subglacial hydrology affects glacier front retreat by comparing two glacier–fjord models of the Hansbreen glacier: one incorporating a detailed subglacial hydrology model and another simplifying the subglacial discharge to a single channel centered in the flow line. We first validate the subglacial hydrology model by comparing its discharge channels with observations of plume activity. Simulations conducted from April to December 2010 revealed that the glacier front position aligns more closely with the observations in the coupled model than in the simplified version. Furthermore, the mass loss due to calving and submarine melting is greater in the coupled model, with the calving mass loss reaching 6 Mt by the end of the simulation compared to 4 Mt in the simplified model. These findings highlight the critical role of subglacial hydrology in predicting glacier dynamics and emphasize the importance of detailed modeling in understanding the responses of Arctic tidewater glaciers to climate change.}, author = {De Andrés, Eva and Muñoz Hermosilla, José M and Shahateet, Kaian and Otero, Jaime}, issn = {2306-5338}, journal = {Hydrology}, number = {11}, publisher = {MDPI}, title = {{The importance of solving Subglaciar hydrology in modeling glacier retreat: A case study of Hansbreen, Svalbard}}, doi = {10.3390/hydrology11110193}, volume = {11}, year = {2024}, } @article{18629, abstract = {We study a three-dimensional Gross-Pitaevskii equation that describes a static impurity in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate. Our focus is on the interplay between the shape of the impurity and the anisotropy of the medium manifested in the energy and the density of the system. Without external confinement, properties of the system are derived with basic analytical approaches. For a system in a harmonic trap, the model is investigated numerically, using the split-step Crank-Nicolson method. Our results demonstrate that the impurity self-energy is minimized when its shape more closely aligns with the anisotropic character of the bath; in particular a prolate deformed impurity aligned with the direction of the dipoles has the smallest self-energy for a repulsive impurity. Our work complements studies of impurities in Bose gases with zero-range interactions and paves the way for studies of dipolar polarons with a Gross-Pitaevskii equation.}, author = {Shukla, Neelam and Volosniev, Artem and Armstrong, Jeremy R.}, issn = {2469-9934}, journal = {Physical Review A}, number = {5}, publisher = {American Physical Society}, title = {{Anisotropic potential immersed in a dipolar Bose-Einstein condensate}}, doi = {10.1103/PhysRevA.110.053317}, volume = {110}, year = {2024}, } @article{18630, abstract = {Markov chains are the de facto finite-state model for stochastic dynamical systems, and Markov decision processes (MDPs) extend Markov chains by incorporating non-deterministic behaviors. Given an MDP and rewards on states, a classical optimization criterion is the maximal expected total reward where the MDP stops after T steps, which can be computed by a simple dynamic programming algorithm. We consider a natural generalization of the problem where the stopping times can be chosen according to a probability distribution, such that the expected stopping time is T, to optimize the expected total reward. Quite surprisingly we establish inter-reducibility of the expected stopping-time problem for Markov chains with the Positivity problem (which is related to the well-known Skolem problem), for which establishing either decidability or undecidability would be a major breakthrough. Given the hardness of the exact problem, we consider the approximate version of the problem: we show that it can be solved in exponential time for Markov chains and in exponential space for MDPs.}, author = {Chatterjee, Krishnendu and Doyen, Laurent}, issn = {1860-5974}, journal = {Logical Methods in Computer Science}, number = {4}, pages = {11:1--11:34}, publisher = {EPI Sciences}, title = {{Stochastic processes with expected stopping time}}, doi = {10.46298/lmcs-20(4:11)2024}, volume = {20}, year = {2024}, } @article{18651, abstract = {Embryo axis formation begins with the localized expression of biochemical signals, which organize cell movements and determine cell fate. A quail study finds that tissue contraction and resulting long-range changes in tissue tension restrict the area where these biochemical signals are expressed.}, author = {Hino, Naoya and Santos Fernandes Lasbarrères Camelo, Carolina and Heisenberg, Carl-Philipp J}, issn = {1879-0445}, journal = {Current Biology}, number = {24}, pages = {R1230--R1232}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Development: Turing mechanics}}, doi = {10.1016/j.cub.2024.10.065}, volume = {34}, year = {2024}, }