@article{14753, abstract = {Several fixed-target experiments reported J/ψ and ϒ polarizations, as functions of Feynman x (xF) and transverse momentum (PT), in three different frames, using different combinations of beam particles, target nuclei, and collision energies. Despite the diverse and heterogeneous picture formed by these measurements, a detailed look allows us to discern qualitative physical patterns that inspire a simple empirical model. This data-driven scenario offers a good quantitative description of the J/ψ and ϒ(1S) polarizations measured in proton- and pion-nucleus collisions, in the xF 0.5 domain: more than 80 data points (not statistically independent) are well reproduced with only one free parameter. This study sets the context for future low-PT quarkonium polarization measurements in proton- and pion-nucleus collisions, such as those to be made by the AMBER experiment, and shows that such measurements provide significant constraints on the poorly-known parton distribution functions of the pion.}, author = {Faccioli, Pietro and Krätschmer, Ilse and Lourenço, Carlos}, issn = {1873-2445}, journal = {Physics Letters B}, keywords = {Nuclear and High Energy Physics}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Low-pT quarkonium polarization measurements: Challenges and opportunities}}, doi = {10.1016/j.physletb.2023.137871}, volume = {840}, year = {2023}, } @article{14754, abstract = {The large-scale laminar/turbulent spiral patterns that appear in the linearly unstable regime of counter-rotating Taylor–Couette flow are investigated from a statistical perspective by means of direct numerical simulation. Unlike the vast majority of previous numerical studies, we analyse the flow in periodic parallelogram-annular domains, following a coordinate change that aligns one of the parallelogram sides with the spiral pattern. The domain size, shape and spatial resolution have been varied and the results compared with those in a sufficiently large computational orthogonal domain with natural axial and azimuthal periodicity. We find that a minimal parallelogram of the right tilt significantly reduces the computational cost without notably compromising the statistical properties of the supercritical turbulent spiral. Its mean structure, obtained from extremely long time integrations in a co-rotating reference frame using the method of slices, bears remarkable similarity with the turbulent stripes observed in plane Couette flow, the centrifugal instability playing only a secondary role.}, author = {Wang, B. and Mellibovsky, F. and Ayats López, Roger and Deguchi, K. and Meseguer, A.}, issn = {1471-2962}, journal = {Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society A}, keywords = {General Physics and Astronomy, General Engineering, General Mathematics}, number = {2246}, publisher = {The Royal Society}, title = {{Mean structure of the supercritical turbulent spiral in Taylor–Couette flow}}, doi = {10.1098/rsta.2022.0112}, volume = {381}, year = {2023}, } @article{14755, abstract = {We consider the sharp interface limit for the scalar-valued and vector-valued Allen–Cahn equation with homogeneous Neumann boundary condition in a bounded smooth domain Ω of arbitrary dimension N ⩾ 2 in the situation when a two-phase diffuse interface has developed and intersects the boundary ∂ Ω. The limit problem is mean curvature flow with 90°-contact angle and we show convergence in strong norms for well-prepared initial data as long as a smooth solution to the limit problem exists. To this end we assume that the limit problem has a smooth solution on [ 0 , T ] for some time T > 0. Based on the latter we construct suitable curvilinear coordinates and set up an asymptotic expansion for the scalar-valued and the vector-valued Allen–Cahn equation. In order to estimate the difference of the exact and approximate solutions with a Gronwall-type argument, a spectral estimate for the linearized Allen–Cahn operator in both cases is required. The latter will be shown in a separate paper, cf. (Moser (2021)).}, author = {Moser, Maximilian}, issn = {1875-8576}, journal = {Asymptotic Analysis}, keywords = {General Mathematics}, number = {3-4}, pages = {297--383}, publisher = {IOS Press}, title = {{Convergence of the scalar- and vector-valued Allen–Cahn equation to mean curvature flow with 90°-contact angle in higher dimensions, part I: Convergence result}}, doi = {10.3233/asy-221775}, volume = {131}, year = {2023}, } @inbook{14757, abstract = {The cerebral cortex is comprised of a vast cell-type diversity sequentially generated by cortical progenitor cells. Faithful progenitor lineage progression requires the tight orchestration of distinct molecular and cellular mechanisms regulating proper progenitor proliferation behavior and differentiation. Correct execution of developmental programs involves a complex interplay of cell intrinsic and tissue-wide mechanisms. Many studies over the past decades have been able to determine a plethora of genes critically involved in cortical development. However, only a few made use of genetic paradigms with sparse and global gene deletion to probe cell-autonomous vs. tissue-wide contribution. In this chapter, we will elaborate on the importance of dissecting the cell-autonomous and tissue-wide mechanisms to gain a precise understanding of gene function during radial glial progenitor lineage progression.}, author = {Villalba Requena, Ana and Amberg, Nicole and Hippenmeyer, Simon}, booktitle = {Neocortical Neurogenesis in Development and Evolution}, editor = {Huttner, Wieland}, pages = {169--191}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Interplay of Cell‐autonomous Gene Function and Tissue‐wide Mechanisms Regulating Radial Glial Progenitor Lineage Progression}}, doi = {10.1002/9781119860914.ch10}, year = {2023}, } @inproceedings{14758, abstract = {We present a flexible and efficient toolchain to symbolically solve (standard) Rabin games, fair-adversarial Rabin games, and 2 1/2 license type-player Rabin games. To our best knowledge, our tools are the first ones to be able to solve these problems. Furthermore, using these flexible game solvers as a back-end, we implemented a tool for computing correct-by-construction controllers for stochastic dynamical systems under LTL specifications. Our implementations use the recent theoretical result that all of these games can be solved using the same symbolic fixpoint algorithm but utilizing different, domain specific calculations of the involved predecessor operators. The main feature of our toolchain is the utilization of two programming abstractions: one to separate the symbolic fixpoint computations from the predecessor calculations, and another one to allow the integration of different BDD libraries as back-ends. In particular, we employ a multi-threaded execution of the fixpoint algorithm by using the multi-threaded BDD library Sylvan, which leads to enormous computational savings.}, author = {Majumdar, Rupak and Mallik, Kaushik and Rychlicki, Mateusz and Schmuck, Anne-Kathrin and Soudjani, Sadegh}, booktitle = {35th International Conference on Computer Aided Verification}, isbn = {9783031377082}, issn = {1611-3349}, location = {Paris, France}, pages = {3--15}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{A flexible toolchain for symbolic rabin games under fair and stochastic uncertainties}}, doi = {10.1007/978-3-031-37709-9_1}, volume = {13966}, year = {2023}, } @inproceedings{14768, abstract = {In all state-of-the-art sketching and coreset techniques for clustering, as well as in the best known fixed-parameter tractable approximation algorithms, randomness plays a key role. For the classic k-median and k-means problems, there are no known deterministic dimensionality reduction procedure or coreset construction that avoid an exponential dependency on the input dimension d, the precision parameter $\varepsilon^{-1}$ or k. Furthermore, there is no coreset construction that succeeds with probability $1-1/n$ and whose size does not depend on the number of input points, n. This has led researchers in the area to ask what is the power of randomness for clustering sketches [Feldman WIREs Data Mining Knowl. Discov’20].Similarly, the best approximation ratio achievable deterministically without a complexity exponential in the dimension are $1+\sqrt{2}$ for k-median [Cohen-Addad, Esfandiari, Mirrokni, Narayanan, STOC’22] and 6.12903 for k-means [Grandoni, Ostrovsky, Rabani, Schulman, Venkat, Inf. Process. Lett.’22]. Those are the best results, even when allowing a complexity FPT in the number of clusters k: this stands in sharp contrast with the $(1+\varepsilon)$-approximation achievable in that case, when allowing randomization.In this paper, we provide deterministic sketches constructions for clustering, whose size bounds are close to the best-known randomized ones. We show how to compute a dimension reduction onto $\varepsilon^{-O(1)} \log k$ dimensions in time $k^{O\left(\varepsilon^{-O(1)}+\log \log k\right)}$ poly $(n d)$, and how to build a coreset of size $O\left(k^{2} \log ^{3} k \varepsilon^{-O(1)}\right)$ in time $2^{\varepsilon^{O(1)} k \log ^{3} k}+k^{O\left(\varepsilon^{-O(1)}+\log \log k\right)}$ poly $(n d)$. In the case where k is small, this answers an open question of [Feldman WIDM’20] and [Munteanu and Schwiegelshohn, Künstliche Intell. ’18] on whether it is possible to efficiently compute coresets deterministically.We also construct a deterministic algorithm for computing $(1+$ $\varepsilon)$-approximation to k-median and k-means in high dimensional Euclidean spaces in time $2^{k^{2} \log ^{3} k / \varepsilon^{O(1)}}$ poly $(n d)$, close to the best randomized complexity of $2^{(k / \varepsilon)^{O(1)}}$ nd (see [Kumar, Sabharwal, Sen, JACM 10] and [Bhattacharya, Jaiswal, Kumar, TCS’18]).Furthermore, our new insights on sketches also yield a randomized coreset construction that uses uniform sampling, that immediately improves over the recent results of [Braverman et al. FOCS ’22] by a factor k.}, author = {Cohen-Addad, Vincent and Saulpic, David and Schwiegelshohn, Chris}, booktitle = {2023 IEEE 64th Annual Symposium on Foundations of Computer Science}, location = {Santa Cruz, CA, United States}, pages = {1105--1130}, publisher = {IEEE}, title = {{Deterministic clustering in high dimensional spaces: Sketches and approximation}}, doi = {10.1109/focs57990.2023.00066}, year = {2023}, } @article{14770, abstract = {We developed LIONESS, a technology that leverages improvements to optical super-resolution microscopy and prior information on sample structure via machine learning to overcome the limitations (in 3D-resolution, signal-to-noise ratio and light exposure) of optical microscopy of living biological specimens. LIONESS enables dense reconstruction of living brain tissue and morphodynamics visualization at the nanoscale.}, author = {Danzl, Johann G and Velicky, Philipp}, issn = {1548-7105}, journal = {Nature Methods}, keywords = {Cell Biology, Molecular Biology, Biochemistry, Biotechnology}, number = {8}, pages = {1141--1142}, publisher = {Springer Nature}, title = {{LIONESS enables 4D nanoscale reconstruction of living brain tissue}}, doi = {10.1038/s41592-023-01937-5}, volume = {20}, year = {2023}, } @article{14772, abstract = {Many coupled evolution equations can be described via 2×2-block operator matrices of the form A=[ A B C D ] in a product space X=X1×X2 with possibly unbounded entries. Here, the case of diagonally dominant block operator matrices is considered, that is, the case where the full operator A can be seen as a relatively bounded perturbation of its diagonal part with D(A)=D(A)×D(D) though with possibly large relative bound. For such operators the properties of sectoriality, R-sectoriality and the boundedness of the H∞-calculus are studied, and for these properties perturbation results for possibly large but structured perturbations are derived. Thereby, the time dependent parabolic problem associated with A can be analyzed in maximal Lpt -regularity spaces, and this is applied to a wide range of problems such as different theories for liquid crystals, an artificial Stokes system, strongly damped wave and plate equations, and a Keller-Segel model.}, author = {Agresti, Antonio and Hussein, Amru}, issn = {0022-1236}, journal = {Journal of Functional Analysis}, keywords = {Analysis}, number = {11}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Maximal Lp-regularity and H∞-calculus for block operator matrices and applications}}, doi = {10.1016/j.jfa.2023.110146}, volume = {285}, year = {2023}, } @article{14773, abstract = {Through a combination of idealized simulations and real-world data, researchers are uncovering how internal feedbacks and large-scale motions influence cloud dynamics.}, author = {Muller, Caroline J and Abramian, Sophie}, issn = {1945-0699}, journal = {Physics Today}, keywords = {General Physics and Astronomy}, number = {5}, publisher = {AIP Publishing}, title = {{The cloud dynamics of convective storm systems}}, doi = {10.1063/pt.3.5234}, volume = {76}, year = {2023}, } @article{14775, abstract = {We establish a quantitative version of the Tracy–Widom law for the largest eigenvalue of high-dimensional sample covariance matrices. To be precise, we show that the fluctuations of the largest eigenvalue of a sample covariance matrix X∗X converge to its Tracy–Widom limit at a rate nearly N−1/3, where X is an M×N random matrix whose entries are independent real or complex random variables, assuming that both M and N tend to infinity at a constant rate. This result improves the previous estimate N−2/9 obtained by Wang (2019). Our proof relies on a Green function comparison method (Adv. Math. 229 (2012) 1435–1515) using iterative cumulant expansions, the local laws for the Green function and asymptotic properties of the correlation kernel of the white Wishart ensemble.}, author = {Schnelli, Kevin and Xu, Yuanyuan}, issn = {1050-5164}, journal = {The Annals of Applied Probability}, keywords = {Statistics, Probability and Uncertainty, Statistics and Probability}, number = {1}, pages = {677--725}, publisher = {Institute of Mathematical Statistics}, title = {{Convergence rate to the Tracy–Widom laws for the largest eigenvalue of sample covariance matrices}}, doi = {10.1214/22-aap1826}, volume = {33}, year = {2023}, } @article{14776, abstract = {Soluble chaperones residing in the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) play vitally important roles in folding and quality control of newly synthesized proteins that transiently pass through the ER en route to their final destinations. These soluble residents of the ER are themselves endowed with an ER retrieval signal that enables the cell to bring the escaped residents back from the Golgi. Here, by using purified proteins, we showed that Nicotiana tabacum phytaspase, a plant aspartate-specific protease, introduces two breaks at the C-terminus of the N. tabacum ER resident calreticulin-3. These cleavages resulted in removal of either a dipeptide or a hexapeptide from the C-terminus of calreticulin-3 encompassing part or all of the ER retrieval signal. Consistently, expression of the calreticulin-3 derivative mimicking the phytaspase cleavage product in Nicotiana benthamiana cells demonstrated loss of the ER accumulation of the protein. Notably, upon its escape from the ER, calreticulin-3 was further processed by an unknown protease(s) to generate the free N-terminal (N) domain of calreticulin-3, which was ultimately secreted into the apoplast. Our study thus identified a specific proteolytic enzyme capable of precise detachment of the ER retrieval signal from a plant ER resident protein, with implications for the further fate of the escaped resident.}, author = {Teplova, Anastasiia and Pigidanov, Artemii A. and Serebryakova, Marina V. and Golyshev, Sergei A. and Galiullina, Raisa A. and Chichkova, Nina V. and Vartapetian, Andrey B.}, issn = {1422-0067}, journal = {International Journal of Molecular Sciences}, keywords = {Inorganic Chemistry, Organic Chemistry, Physical and Theoretical Chemistry, Computer Science Applications, Spectroscopy, Molecular Biology, General Medicine, Catalysis}, number = {22}, publisher = {MDPI}, title = {{Phytaspase Is capable of detaching the endoplasmic reticulum retrieval signal from tobacco calreticulin-3}}, doi = {10.3390/ijms242216527}, volume = {24}, year = {2023}, } @article{14777, abstract = {The effects of the partial V-substitution for Ag on the thermoelectric (TE) properties are investigated for a flexible semiconducting compound Ag2S0.55Se0.45. Density functional theory calculations predict that such a partial V-substitution constructively modifies the electronic structure near the bottom of the conduction band to improve the TE performance. The synthesized Ag1.97V0.03S0.55Se0.45 is found to possess a TE dimensionless figure-of-merit (ZT) of 0.71 at 350 K with maintaining its flexible nature. This ZT value is relatively high in comparison with those reported for flexible TE materials below 360 K. The increase in the ZT value is caused by the enhanced absolute value of the Seebeck coefficient with less significant variation in electrical resistivity. The high ZT value with the flexible nature naturally allows us to employ the Ag1.97V0.03S0.55Se0.45 as a component of flexible TE generators.}, author = {Sato, Kosuke and Singh, Saurabh and Yamazaki, Itsuki and Hirata, Keisuke and Ang, Artoni Kevin R. and Matsunami, Masaharu and Takeuchi, Tsunehiro}, issn = {2158-3226}, journal = {AIP Advances}, keywords = {General Physics and Astronomy}, number = {12}, publisher = {AIP Publishing}, title = {{Improvement of thermoelectric performance of flexible compound Ag2S0.55Se0.45 by means of partial V-substitution for Ag}}, doi = {10.1063/5.0171888}, volume = {13}, year = {2023}, } @article{14778, abstract = {We consider the almost-sure (a.s.) termination problem for probabilistic programs, which are a stochastic extension of classical imperative programs. Lexicographic ranking functions provide a sound and practical approach for termination of non-probabilistic programs, and their extension to probabilistic programs is achieved via lexicographic ranking supermartingales (LexRSMs). However, LexRSMs introduced in the previous work have a limitation that impedes their automation: all of their components have to be non-negative in all reachable states. This might result in a LexRSM not existing even for simple terminating programs. Our contributions are twofold. First, we introduce a generalization of LexRSMs that allows for some components to be negative. This standard feature of non-probabilistic termination proofs was hitherto not known to be sound in the probabilistic setting, as the soundness proof requires a careful analysis of the underlying stochastic process. Second, we present polynomial-time algorithms using our generalized LexRSMs for proving a.s. termination in broad classes of linear-arithmetic programs.}, author = {Chatterjee, Krishnendu and Kafshdar Goharshady, Ehsan and Novotný, Petr and Zárevúcky, Jiří and Zikelic, Dorde}, issn = {1433-299X}, journal = {Formal Aspects of Computing}, keywords = {Theoretical Computer Science, Software}, number = {2}, publisher = {Association for Computing Machinery}, title = {{On lexicographic proof rules for probabilistic termination}}, doi = {10.1145/3585391}, volume = {35}, year = {2023}, } @article{14779, abstract = {The presence of a developed boundary layer decouples a glacier's response from ambient conditions, suggesting that sensitivity to climate change is increased by glacier retreat. To test this hypothesis, we explore six years of distributed meteorological data on a small Swiss glacier in the period 2001–2022. Large glacier fragmentation has occurred since 2001 (−35% area change up to 2022) coinciding with notable frontal retreat, an observed switch from down‐glacier katabatic to up‐glacier valley winds and an increased sensitivity (ratio) of on‐glacier to off‐glacier temperature. As the glacier ceases to develop density‐driven katabatic winds, sensible heat fluxes on the glacier are increasingly determined by the conditions occurring outside the boundary layer of the glacier, sealing the glacier's demise as the climate continues to warm and experience an increased frequency of extreme summers.}, author = {Shaw, Thomas E. and Buri, Pascal and McCarthy, Michael and Miles, Evan S. and Ayala, Álvaro and Pellicciotti, Francesca}, issn = {1944-8007}, journal = {Geophysical Research Letters}, keywords = {General Earth and Planetary Sciences, Geophysics}, number = {11}, publisher = {American Geophysical Union}, title = {{The decaying near‐surface boundary layer of a retreating alpine glacier}}, doi = {10.1029/2023gl103043}, volume = {50}, year = {2023}, } @article{14780, abstract = {In this paper, we study the eigenvalues and eigenvectors of the spiked invariant multiplicative models when the randomness is from Haar matrices. We establish the limits of the outlier eigenvalues λˆi and the generalized components (⟨v,uˆi⟩ for any deterministic vector v) of the outlier eigenvectors uˆi with optimal convergence rates. Moreover, we prove that the non-outlier eigenvalues stick with those of the unspiked matrices and the non-outlier eigenvectors are delocalized. The results also hold near the so-called BBP transition and for degenerate spikes. On one hand, our results can be regarded as a refinement of the counterparts of [12] under additional regularity conditions. On the other hand, they can be viewed as an analog of [34] by replacing the random matrix with i.i.d. entries with Haar random matrix.}, author = {Ding, Xiucai and Ji, Hong Chang}, issn = {1879-209X}, journal = {Stochastic Processes and their Applications}, keywords = {Applied Mathematics, Modeling and Simulation, Statistics and Probability}, pages = {25--60}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Spiked multiplicative random matrices and principal components}}, doi = {10.1016/j.spa.2023.05.009}, volume = {163}, year = {2023}, } @article{14781, abstract = {Germ granules, condensates of phase-separated RNA and protein, are organelles that are essential for germline development in different organisms. The patterning of the granules and their relevance for germ cell fate are not fully understood. Combining three-dimensional in vivo structural and functional analyses, we study the dynamic spatial organization of molecules within zebrafish germ granules. We find that the localization of RNA molecules to the periphery of the granules, where ribosomes are localized, depends on translational activity at this location. In addition, we find that the vertebrate-specific Dead end (Dnd1) protein is essential for nanos3 RNA localization at the condensates’ periphery. Accordingly, in the absence of Dnd1, or when translation is inhibited, nanos3 RNA translocates into the granule interior, away from the ribosomes, a process that is correlated with the loss of germ cell fate. These findings highlight the relevance of sub-granule compartmentalization for post-transcriptional control and its importance for preserving germ cell totipotency.}, author = {Westerich, Kim Joana and Tarbashevich, Katsiaryna and Schick, Jan and Gupta, Antra and Zhu, Mingzhao and Hull, Kenneth and Romo, Daniel and Zeuschner, Dagmar and Goudarzi, Mohammad and Gross-Thebing, Theresa and Raz, Erez}, issn = {1534-5807}, journal = {Developmental Cell}, keywords = {Developmental Biology, Cell Biology, General Biochemistry, Genetics and Molecular Biology, Molecular Biology}, number = {17}, pages = {1578--1592.e5}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Spatial organization and function of RNA molecules within phase-separated condensates in zebrafish are controlled by Dnd1}}, doi = {10.1016/j.devcel.2023.06.009}, volume = {58}, year = {2023}, } @article{14782, abstract = {The actin cortex is a complex cytoskeletal machinery that drives and responds to changes in cell shape. It must generate or adapt to plasma membrane curvature to facilitate diverse functions such as cell division, migration, and phagocytosis. Due to the complex molecular makeup of the actin cortex, it remains unclear whether actin networks are inherently able to sense and generate membrane curvature, or whether they rely on their diverse binding partners to accomplish this. Here, we show that curvature sensing is an inherent capability of branched actin networks nucleated by Arp2/3 and VCA. We develop a robust method to encapsulate actin inside giant unilamellar vesicles (GUVs) and assemble an actin cortex at the inner surface of the GUV membrane. We show that actin forms a uniform and thin cortical layer when present at high concentration and distinct patches associated with negative membrane curvature at low concentration. Serendipitously, we find that the GUV production method also produces dumbbell-shaped GUVs, which we explain using mathematical modeling in terms of membrane hemifusion of nested GUVs. We find that branched actin networks preferentially assemble at the neck of the dumbbells, which possess a micrometer-range convex curvature comparable with the curvature of the actin patches found in spherical GUVs. Minimal branched actin networks can thus sense membrane curvature, which may help mammalian cells to robustly recruit actin to curved membranes to facilitate diverse cellular functions such as cytokinesis and migration.}, author = {Baldauf, Lucia and Frey, Felix F and Arribas Perez, Marcos and Idema, Timon and Koenderink, Gijsje H.}, issn = {0006-3495}, journal = {Biophysical Journal}, keywords = {Biophysics}, number = {11}, pages = {2311--2324}, publisher = {Elsevier}, title = {{Branched actin cortices reconstituted in vesicles sense membrane curvature}}, doi = {10.1016/j.bpj.2023.02.018}, volume = {122}, year = {2023}, } @article{14783, abstract = {Connexin 43, an astroglial gap junction protein, is enriched in perisynaptic astroglial processes and plays major roles in synaptic transmission. We have previously found that astroglial Cx43 controls synaptic glutamate levels and allows for activity-dependent glutamine release to sustain physiological synaptic transmissions and cognitiogns. However, whether Cx43 is important for the release of synaptic vesicles, which is a critical component of synaptic efficacy, remains unanswered. Here, using transgenic mice with a glial conditional knockout of Cx43 (Cx43−/−), we investigate whether and how astrocytes regulate the release of synaptic vesicles from hippocampal synapses. We report that CA1 pyramidal neurons and their synapses develop normally in the absence of astroglial Cx43. However, a significant impairment in synaptic vesicle distribution and release dynamics were observed. In particular, the FM1-43 assays performed using two-photon live imaging and combined with multi-electrode array stimulation in acute hippocampal slices, revealed a slower rate of synaptic vesicle release in Cx43−/− mice. Furthermore, paired-pulse recordings showed that synaptic vesicle release probability was also reduced and is dependent on glutamine supply via Cx43 hemichannel (HC). Taken together, we have uncovered a role for Cx43 in regulating presynaptic functions by controlling the rate and probability of synaptic vesicle release. Our findings further highlight the significance of astroglial Cx43 in synaptic transmission and efficacy.}, author = {Cheung, Giselle T and Chever, Oana and Rollenhagen, Astrid and Quenech’du, Nicole and Ezan, Pascal and Lübke, Joachim H. R. and Rouach, Nathalie}, issn = {2073-4409}, journal = {Cells}, keywords = {General Medicine}, number = {8}, publisher = {MDPI}, title = {{Astroglial connexin 43 regulates synaptic vesicle release at hippocampal synapses}}, doi = {10.3390/cells12081133}, volume = {12}, year = {2023}, } @article{14784, abstract = {The next steps of deep space exploration are manned missions to Moon and Mars. For safe space missions for crew members, it is important to understand the impact of space flight on the immune system. We studied the effects of 21 days dry immersion (DI) exposure on the transcriptomes of T cells isolated from blood samples of eight healthy volunteers. Samples were collected 7 days before DI, at day 7, 14, and 21 during DI, and 7 days after DI. RNA sequencing of CD3+T cells revealed transcriptional alterations across all time points, with most changes occurring 14 days after DI exposure. At day 21, T cells showed evidence of adaptation with a transcriptional profile resembling that of 7 days before DI. At 7 days after DI, T cells again changed their transcriptional profile. These data suggest that T cells adapt by rewiring their transcriptomes in response to simulated weightlessness and that remodeling cues persist when reexposed to normal gravity.}, author = {Gallardo-Dodd, Carlos J. and Oertlin, Christian and Record, Julien and Galvani, Rômulo G. and Sommerauer, Christian and Kuznetsov, Nikolai V. and Doukoumopoulos, Evangelos and Ali, Liaqat and Oliveira, Mariana M. S. and Seitz, Christina and Percipalle, Mathias and Nikić, Tijana and Sadova, Anastasia A. and Shulgina, Sofia M. and Shmarov, Vjacheslav A. and Kutko, Olga V. and Vlasova, Daria D. and Orlova, Kseniya D. and Rykova, Marina P. and Andersson, John and Percipalle, Piergiorgio and Kutter, Claudia and Ponomarev, Sergey A. and Westerberg, Lisa S.}, issn = {2375-2548}, journal = {Science Advances}, keywords = {Multidisciplinary}, number = {34}, publisher = {American Association for the Advancement of Science}, title = {{Exposure of volunteers to microgravity by dry immersion bed over 21 days results in gene expression changes and adaptation of T cells}}, doi = {10.1126/sciadv.adg1610}, volume = {9}, year = {2023}, } @article{14785, abstract = {Small cryptic plasmids have no clear effect on the host fitness and their functional repertoire remains obscure. The naturally competent cyanobacterium Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 harbours several small cryptic plasmids; whether their evolution with this species is supported by horizontal transfer remains understudied. Here, we show that the small cryptic plasmid DNA is transferred in the population exclusively by natural transformation, where the transfer frequency of plasmid‐encoded genes is similar to that of chromosome‐encoded genes. Establishing a system to follow gene transfer, we compared the transfer frequency of genes encoded in cryptic plasmids pCA2.4 (2378 bp) and pCB2.4 (2345 bp) within and between populations of two Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803 labtypes (termed Kiel and Sevilla). Our results reveal that plasmid gene transfer frequency depends on the recipient labtype. Furthermore, gene transfer via whole plasmid uptake in the Sevilla labtype ranged among the lowest detected transfer rates in our experiments. Our study indicates that horizontal DNA transfer via natural transformation is frequent in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids that reside in naturally competent organisms. Furthermore, we suggest that the contribution of natural transformation to cryptic plasmid persistence in Synechocystis is limited.}, author = {Nies, Fabian and Wein, Tanita and Hanke, Dustin M. and Springstein, Benjamin L and Alcorta, Jaime and Taubenheim, Claudia and Dagan, Tal}, issn = {1758-2229}, journal = {Environmental Microbiology Reports}, keywords = {Agricultural and Biological Sciences (miscellaneous), Ecology, Evolution, Behavior and Systematics}, number = {6}, pages = {656--668}, publisher = {Wiley}, title = {{Role of natural transformation in the evolution of small cryptic plasmids in Synechocystis sp. PCC 6803}}, doi = {10.1111/1758-2229.13203}, volume = {15}, year = {2023}, }