--- APC_amount: 2933,65 EUR DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold _id: '14980' abstract: - lang: eng text: Precision sensing and manipulation of milligram-scale mechanical oscillators has attracted growing interest in the fields of table-top explorations of gravity and tests of quantum mechanics at macroscopic scales. Torsional oscillators present an opportunity in this regard due to their remarked isolation from environmental noise. For torsional motion, an effective employment of optical cavities to enhance optomechanical interactions—as already established for linear oscillators—so far faced certain challenges. Here, we propose a concept for sensing and manipulating torsional motion, where exclusively the torsional rotations of a pendulum are mapped onto the path length of a single two-mirror optical cavity. The concept inherently alleviates many limitations of previous approaches. A proof-of-principle experiment is conducted with a rigidly controlled pendulum to explore the sensing aspects of the concept and to identify practical limitations in a potential state-of-the art setup. Based on this study, we anticipate development of precision torque sensors utilizing torsional pendulums that can support sensitivities below 10−19Nm/√Hz, while the motion of the pendulums are dominated by quantum radiation pressure noise at sub-microwatts of incoming laser power. These developments will provide horizons for experiments at the interface of quantum mechanics and gravity. acknowledgement: "We thank Pere Rosselló for his contributions to the initial modeling of the presented sensing technique. This work was supported by Institute of Science and Technology Austria, and\r\nthe European Research Council under Grant No. 101087907 (ERC CoG QuHAMP)." article_number: '013141' article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Sofya full_name: Agafonova, Sofya id: 09501ff6-dca7-11ea-a8ae-b3e0b9166e80 last_name: Agafonova orcid: 0000-0003-0582-2946 - first_name: Umang full_name: Mishra, Umang id: 4328fa4c-f128-11eb-9611-c107b0fe4d51 last_name: Mishra - first_name: Fritz R full_name: Diorico, Fritz R id: 2E054C4C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Diorico orcid: 0000-0002-4947-8924 - first_name: Onur full_name: Hosten, Onur id: 4C02D85E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Hosten orcid: 0000-0002-2031-204X citation: ama: Agafonova S, Mishra U, Diorico FR, Hosten O. Zigzag optical cavity for sensing and controlling torsional motion. Physical Review Research. 2024;6(1). doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013141 apa: Agafonova, S., Mishra, U., Diorico, F. R., & Hosten, O. (2024). Zigzag optical cavity for sensing and controlling torsional motion. Physical Review Research. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013141 chicago: Agafonova, Sofia, Umang Mishra, Fritz R Diorico, and Onur Hosten. “Zigzag Optical Cavity for Sensing and Controlling Torsional Motion.” Physical Review Research. American Physical Society, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013141. ieee: S. Agafonova, U. Mishra, F. R. Diorico, and O. Hosten, “Zigzag optical cavity for sensing and controlling torsional motion,” Physical Review Research, vol. 6, no. 1. American Physical Society, 2024. ista: Agafonova S, Mishra U, Diorico FR, Hosten O. 2024. Zigzag optical cavity for sensing and controlling torsional motion. Physical Review Research. 6(1), 013141. mla: Agafonova, Sofia, et al. “Zigzag Optical Cavity for Sensing and Controlling Torsional Motion.” Physical Review Research, vol. 6, no. 1, 013141, American Physical Society, 2024, doi:10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013141. short: S. Agafonova, U. Mishra, F.R. Diorico, O. Hosten, Physical Review Research 6 (2024). corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '0' date_created: 2024-02-12T11:42:18Z date_published: 2024-02-05T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-08T07:52:51Z day: '05' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: OnHo doi: 10.1103/physrevresearch.6.013141 external_id: arxiv: - '2306.12804' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 3a39ebffb24c1cc1dd0b547a726dc52d content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2024-02-12T11:46:50Z date_updated: 2024-02-12T11:46:50Z file_id: '14981' file_name: 2024_PhysicalRevResearch_Agafonova.pdf file_size: 1437167 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2024-02-12T11:46:50Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 6' issue: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '02' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: bdb2a702-d553-11ed-ba76-f12e3e5a3bc6 grant_number: '101087907' name: 'A quantum hybrid of atoms and milligram-scale pendulums: towards gravitational quantum mechanics' publication: Physical Review Research publication_identifier: eissn: - 2643-1564 publication_status: published publisher: American Physical Society quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: no scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: no title: Zigzag optical cavity for sensing and controlling torsional motion tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d volume: 6 year: '2024' ... --- APC_amount: 3393,38 EUR DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold _id: '14802' abstract: - lang: eng text: Frequency-stable lasers form the back bone of precision measurements in science and technology. Such lasers typically attain their stability through frequency locking to reference cavities. State-of-the-art locking performances to date had been achieved using frequency modulation based methods, complemented with active drift cancellation systems. We demonstrate an all passive, modulation-free laser-cavity locking technique (squash locking) that utilizes changes in spatial beam ellipticity for error signal generation, and a coherent polarization post-selection for noise resilience. By comparing two identically built proof-of-principle systems, we show a frequency locking instability of 5×10−7 relative to the cavity linewidth at 10 s averaging. The results surpass the demonstrated performances of methods engineered over the last five decades, potentially enabling an advancement in the precision control of lasers, while creating avenues for bridging the performance gaps between industrial grade lasers with scientific ones due to the afforded simplicity and scalability. acknowledgement: We thank Rishabh Sahu and Sebastian Wald for technical contributions to the experiment. Funding by Institute of Science and Technology Austria. article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original author: - first_name: Fritz R full_name: Diorico, Fritz R id: 2E054C4C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Diorico orcid: 0000-0002-4947-8924 - first_name: Artem full_name: Zhutov, Artem id: 0f02ed6a-b514-11ee-b891-8379c5f19cb7 last_name: Zhutov - first_name: Onur full_name: Hosten, Onur id: 4C02D85E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Hosten orcid: 0000-0002-2031-204X citation: ama: 'Diorico FR, Zhutov A, Hosten O. Laser-cavity locking utilizing beam ellipticity: accessing the 10−7 instability scale relative to cavity linewidth. Optica. 2024;11(1):26-31. doi:10.1364/optica.507451' apa: 'Diorico, F. R., Zhutov, A., & Hosten, O. (2024). Laser-cavity locking utilizing beam ellipticity: accessing the 10−7 instability scale relative to cavity linewidth. Optica. Optica Publishing Group. https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.507451' chicago: 'Diorico, Fritz R, Artem Zhutov, and Onur Hosten. “Laser-Cavity Locking Utilizing Beam Ellipticity: Accessing the 10−7 Instability Scale Relative to Cavity Linewidth.” Optica. Optica Publishing Group, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1364/optica.507451.' ieee: 'F. R. Diorico, A. Zhutov, and O. Hosten, “Laser-cavity locking utilizing beam ellipticity: accessing the 10−7 instability scale relative to cavity linewidth,” Optica, vol. 11, no. 1. Optica Publishing Group, pp. 26–31, 2024.' ista: 'Diorico FR, Zhutov A, Hosten O. 2024. Laser-cavity locking utilizing beam ellipticity: accessing the 10−7 instability scale relative to cavity linewidth. Optica. 11(1), 26–31.' mla: 'Diorico, Fritz R., et al. “Laser-Cavity Locking Utilizing Beam Ellipticity: Accessing the 10−7 Instability Scale Relative to Cavity Linewidth.” Optica, vol. 11, no. 1, Optica Publishing Group, 2024, pp. 26–31, doi:10.1364/optica.507451.' short: F.R. Diorico, A. Zhutov, O. Hosten, Optica 11 (2024) 26–31. corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '1' dataavailabilitystatement: Data underlying the results presented in this paper are not publicly available at this time but may be obtained from the authors upon reasonable request. date_created: 2024-01-15T10:25:38Z date_published: 2024-01-20T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-08T08:25:12Z day: '20' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: OnHo doi: 10.1364/optica.507451 external_id: isi: - '001202817000004' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: eb99ca7d0fe73e22f121875175546ed7 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2024-01-17T08:53:16Z date_updated: 2024-01-17T08:53:16Z file_id: '14824' file_name: 2023_Optica_Diorico.pdf file_size: 4558986 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2024-01-17T08:53:16Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 11' isi: 1 issue: '1' keyword: - Atomic and Molecular Physics - and Optics - Electronic - Optical and Magnetic Materials language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 26-31 publication: Optica publication_identifier: issn: - 2334-2536 publication_status: published publisher: Optica Publishing Group quality_controlled: '1' researchdata_availability: upon request scopus_import: '1' status: public supplementarymaterial: no title: 'Laser-cavity locking utilizing beam ellipticity: accessing the 10−7 instability scale relative to cavity linewidth' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 68b8ca59-c5b3-11ee-8790-cd641c68093d volume: 11 year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '17225' abstract: - lang: eng text: "This thesis describes the development of an atom interferometer designed to exploit the\r\nadvantages of utilizing quantum entanglement for enhanced precision measurements beyond\r\nthe standard quantum limit. While the project remains ongoing, significant progress has been\r\nmade.\r\nA key contribution of this work is the development of Quantrol, an experimental control\r\nsystem leveraging the ARTIQ framework. This software enables precise timing and control\r\nwithout requiring prior knowledge of ARTIQ’s implementation details or coding experience.\r\nThe interface offers user friendly visual comprehension of the experimental sequence and\r\nextended capabilities, allowing researchers to scan variables with a simple click of a mouse.\r\nThe main proposed project is to implement atom interferometric sequence with squeezed input\r\nstates inside of a dipole trap generated by a high finesse cavity. The presence of the dipole\r\ntrap allows one dimensional atomic cloud split while maintaining relatively strong confinement\r\nin other directions.\r\nWe are currently able to trap and cool 87Rb atoms to few micro kelvin temperatures, load\r\nthem into the dipole trap and state prepare them to be used for squeezing and interferometric\r\nsequence." alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Vyacheslav full_name: Li, Vyacheslav id: 3A4FAA92-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Li citation: ama: Li V. Towards a quantum entanglement enhanced atom interferomter. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:17225 apa: Li, V. (2024). Towards a quantum entanglement enhanced atom interferomter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17225 chicago: Li, Vyacheslav. “Towards a Quantum Entanglement Enhanced Atom Interferomter.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17225. ieee: V. Li, “Towards a quantum entanglement enhanced atom interferomter,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Li V. 2024. Towards a quantum entanglement enhanced atom interferomter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Li, Vyacheslav. Towards a Quantum Entanglement Enhanced Atom Interferomter. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:17225. short: V. Li, Towards a Quantum Entanglement Enhanced Atom Interferomter, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-07-11T09:46:48Z date_published: 2024-07-11T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-08T08:50:57Z day: '11' ddc: - '530' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: OnHo doi: 10.15479/at:ista:17225 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 15b2dbe8d2c9ed7ca5dd413827928077 content_type: application/pdf creator: vli date_created: 2024-07-11T10:26:22Z date_updated: 2024-07-11T10:26:22Z file_id: '17228' file_name: PhD_Thesis_Vyacheslav_Li_no_signatures_PDFA.pdf file_size: 6729761 relation: main_file success: 1 - access_level: closed checksum: 16e904a11d8d0ebb167cb654ddfc7fe5 content_type: application/x-zip-compressed creator: vli date_created: 2024-07-11T10:26:22Z date_updated: 2024-07-11T10:26:22Z file_id: '17229' file_name: PhD Thesis Vyacheslav Li.zip file_size: 9542859 relation: source_file file_date_updated: 2024-07-11T10:26:22Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/ month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '79' project: - _id: bdb2a702-d553-11ed-ba76-f12e3e5a3bc6 grant_number: '101087907' name: 'A quantum hybrid of atoms and milligram-scale pendulums: towards gravitational quantum mechanics' publication_identifier: issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '11438' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Onur full_name: Hosten, Onur id: 4C02D85E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Hosten orcid: 0000-0002-2031-204X title: Towards a quantum entanglement enhanced atom interferomter tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: repository _id: '19550' abstract: - lang: eng text: "We introduce a multi-band BCS free energy functional and prove that for a\r\nmulti-band superconductor the effect of inter-band coupling can only increase\r\nthe critical temperature, irrespective of its attractive or repulsive nature\r\nand its strength. Further, for weak coupling and weaker inter-band coupling, we\r\nprove that the dependence of the increase in critical temperature on the\r\ninter-band coupling is (1) linear, if there are two or more equally strongly\r\nsuperconducting bands, or (2) quadratic, if there is only one dominating band." article_processing_charge: No arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Sven Joscha full_name: Henheik, Sven Joscha id: 31d731d7-d235-11ea-ad11-b50331c8d7fb last_name: Henheik orcid: 0000-0003-1106-327X - first_name: Edwin full_name: Langmann, Edwin last_name: Langmann - first_name: Asbjørn Bækgaard full_name: Lauritsen, Asbjørn Bækgaard id: e1a2682f-dc8d-11ea-abe3-81da9ac728f1 last_name: Lauritsen orcid: 0000-0003-4476-2288 citation: ama: Henheik SJ, Langmann E, Lauritsen AB. Multi-band superconductors have enhanced critical temperatures. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2409.17297 apa: Henheik, S. J., Langmann, E., & Lauritsen, A. B. (n.d.). Multi-band superconductors have enhanced critical temperatures. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.17297 chicago: Henheik, Sven Joscha, Edwin Langmann, and Asbjørn Bækgaard Lauritsen. “Multi-Band Superconductors Have Enhanced Critical Temperatures.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.17297. ieee: S. J. Henheik, E. Langmann, and A. B. Lauritsen, “Multi-band superconductors have enhanced critical temperatures,” arXiv. . ista: Henheik SJ, Langmann E, Lauritsen AB. Multi-band superconductors have enhanced critical temperatures. arXiv, 10.48550/arXiv.2409.17297. mla: Henheik, Sven Joscha, et al. “Multi-Band Superconductors Have Enhanced Critical Temperatures.” ArXiv, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2409.17297. short: S.J. Henheik, E. Langmann, A.B. Lauritsen, ArXiv (n.d.). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2025-04-11T11:43:58Z date_published: 2024-10-21T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-13T11:34:07Z day: '21' department: - _id: LaEr - _id: RoSe doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2409.17297 external_id: arxiv: - '2409.17297' language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2409.17297 month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint publication: arXiv publication_status: draft related_material: record: - id: '19540' relation: dissertation_contains status: public - id: '22290' relation: later_version status: public status: public title: Multi-band superconductors have enhanced critical temperatures tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: preprint user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9 year: '2024' ... --- DOAJ_listed: '1' OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold _id: '15169' abstract: - lang: eng text: Interpretation of extracellular recordings can be challenging due to the long range of electric field. This challenge can be mitigated by estimating the current source density (CSD). Here we introduce kCSD-python, an open Python package implementing Kernel Current Source Density (kCSD) method and related tools to facilitate CSD analysis of experimental data and the interpretation of results. We show how to counter the limitations imposed by noise and assumptions in the method itself. kCSD-python allows CSD estimation for an arbitrary distribution of electrodes in 1D, 2D, and 3D, assuming distributions of sources in tissue, a slice, or in a single cell, and includes a range of diagnostic aids. We demonstrate its features in a Jupyter Notebook tutorial which illustrates a typical analytical workflow and main functionalities useful in validating analysis results. acknowledgement: 'The Python implementation of kCSD was started by Grzegorz Parka during Google Summer of Code project through the International Neuroinformatics Coordinating Facility. Jan Mąka implemented the first Python version of skCSD class. This work was supported by the Polish National Science Centre (2013/08/W/NZ4/00691 to DKW; 2015/17/B/ST7/04123 to DKW). ' article_number: e1011941 article_processing_charge: Yes article_type: original author: - first_name: Chaitanya full_name: Chintaluri, Chaitanya id: BA06AFEE-A4BA-11EA-AE5C-14673DDC885E last_name: Chintaluri orcid: 0000-0003-4252-1608 - first_name: Marta full_name: Bejtka, Marta last_name: Bejtka - first_name: Wladyslaw full_name: Sredniawa, Wladyslaw last_name: Sredniawa - first_name: Michal full_name: Czerwinski, Michal last_name: Czerwinski - first_name: Jakub M. full_name: Dzik, Jakub M. last_name: Dzik - first_name: Joanna full_name: Jedrzejewska-Szmek, Joanna last_name: Jedrzejewska-Szmek - first_name: Daniel K. full_name: Wojciki, Daniel K. last_name: Wojciki citation: ama: Chintaluri C, Bejtka M, Sredniawa W, et al. kCSD-python, reliable current source density estimation with quality control. PLoS Computational Biology. 2024;20(3). doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011941 apa: Chintaluri, C., Bejtka, M., Sredniawa, W., Czerwinski, M., Dzik, J. M., Jedrzejewska-Szmek, J., & Wojciki, D. K. (2024). kCSD-python, reliable current source density estimation with quality control. PLoS Computational Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011941 chicago: Chintaluri, Chaitanya, Marta Bejtka, Wladyslaw Sredniawa, Michal Czerwinski, Jakub M. Dzik, Joanna Jedrzejewska-Szmek, and Daniel K. Wojciki. “KCSD-Python, Reliable Current Source Density Estimation with Quality Control.” PLoS Computational Biology. Public Library of Science, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011941. ieee: C. Chintaluri et al., “kCSD-python, reliable current source density estimation with quality control,” PLoS Computational Biology, vol. 20, no. 3. Public Library of Science, 2024. ista: Chintaluri C, Bejtka M, Sredniawa W, Czerwinski M, Dzik JM, Jedrzejewska-Szmek J, Wojciki DK. 2024. kCSD-python, reliable current source density estimation with quality control. PLoS Computational Biology. 20(3), e1011941. mla: Chintaluri, Chaitanya, et al. “KCSD-Python, Reliable Current Source Density Estimation with Quality Control.” PLoS Computational Biology, vol. 20, no. 3, e1011941, Public Library of Science, 2024, doi:10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011941. short: C. Chintaluri, M. Bejtka, W. Sredniawa, M. Czerwinski, J.M. Dzik, J. Jedrzejewska-Szmek, D.K. Wojciki, PLoS Computational Biology 20 (2024). corr_author: '1' das_tickbox: '1' date_created: 2024-03-24T23:00:59Z date_published: 2024-03-14T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-13T12:30:33Z day: '14' ddc: - '000' - '570' department: - _id: TiVo doi: 10.1371/journal.pcbi.1011941 external_id: isi: - '001190689800001' pmid: - '38484020' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: c09718d0d09614642d877d0716ce32e8 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-06-25T05:47:36Z date_updated: 2025-06-25T05:47:36Z file_id: '19897' file_name: 2024_PLoSCompBio_Chintaluri.pdf file_size: 2540277 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-06-25T05:47:36Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 20' isi: 1 issue: '3' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 publication: PLoS Computational Biology publication_identifier: eissn: - 1553-7358 issn: - 1553-734X publication_status: published publisher: Public Library of Science quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - relation: software url: https://github.com/Neuroinflab/kCSD-python scopus_import: '1' status: public title: kCSD-python, reliable current source density estimation with quality control tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 20 year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: repository OA_type: green _id: '17147' abstract: - lang: eng text: Efficient utilization of large-scale biobank data is crucial for inferring the genetic basis of disease and predicting health outcomes from the DNA. Yet we lack efficient, accurate methods that scale to data where electronic health records are linked to whole genome sequence information. To address this issue, our paper develops a new algorithmic paradigm based on Approximate Message Passing (AMP), which is specifically tailored for genomic prediction and association testing. Our method yields comparable out-of-sample prediction accuracy to the state of the art on UK Biobank traits, whilst dramatically improving computational complexity, with a 8x-speed up in the run time. In addition, AMP theory provides a joint association testing framework, which outperforms the currently used REGENIE method, in roughly a third of the compute time. This first, truly large-scale application of the AMP framework lays the foundations for a far wider range of statistical analyses for hundreds of millions of variables measured on millions of people. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: ScienComp acknowledgement: "This work was supported by a Lopez-Loreta Prize to MM, an SNSF Eccellenza Grant to MRR (PCEGP3-181181), and core funding from ISTA. The authors thank Philip Schniter, Matthew Stephens and Pragya Sur for valuable suggestions on an early version of the work. The authors acknowledge the participants and investigators of the UK Biobank study. High-performance\r\ncomputing was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by Scientific Computing (SciComp)." article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Al full_name: Depope, Al id: 0b77531d-dbcd-11ea-9d1d-a8eee0bf3830 last_name: Depope - first_name: Marco full_name: Mondelli, Marco id: 27EB676C-8706-11E9-9510-7717E6697425 last_name: Mondelli orcid: 0000-0002-3242-7020 - first_name: Matthew Richard full_name: Robinson, Matthew Richard id: E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425 last_name: Robinson orcid: 0000-0001-8982-8813 citation: ama: 'Depope A, Mondelli M, Robinson MR. Inference of genetic effects via approximate message passing. In: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. IEEE; 2024:13151-13155. doi:10.1109/ICASSP48485.2024.10447198' apa: 'Depope, A., Mondelli, M., & Robinson, M. R. (2024). Inference of genetic effects via approximate message passing. In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing (pp. 13151–13155). Seoul, Korea: IEEE. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP48485.2024.10447198' chicago: Depope, Al, Marco Mondelli, and Matthew Richard Robinson. “Inference of Genetic Effects via Approximate Message Passing.” In 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, 13151–55. IEEE, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1109/ICASSP48485.2024.10447198. ieee: A. Depope, M. Mondelli, and M. R. Robinson, “Inference of genetic effects via approximate message passing,” in 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, Seoul, Korea, 2024, pp. 13151–13155. ista: 'Depope A, Mondelli M, Robinson MR. 2024. Inference of genetic effects via approximate message passing. 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing. ICASSP: International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing, 13151–13155.' mla: Depope, Al, et al. “Inference of Genetic Effects via Approximate Message Passing.” 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE, 2024, pp. 13151–55, doi:10.1109/ICASSP48485.2024.10447198. short: A. Depope, M. Mondelli, M.R. Robinson, in:, 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing, IEEE, 2024, pp. 13151–13155. conference: end_date: 2024-04-19 location: Seoul, Korea name: 'ICASSP: International Conference on Acoustics, Speech and Signal Processing' start_date: 2024-04-14 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-06-16T22:01:07Z date_published: 2024-04-19T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-13T14:57:55Z day: '19' department: - _id: MaMo - _id: MaRo doi: 10.1109/ICASSP48485.2024.10447198 external_id: isi: - '001396233806078' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://openreview.net/forum?id=aQYCDxfZV0 month: '04' oa: 1 oa_version: Submitted Version page: 13151-13155 project: - _id: 059876FA-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E name: Prix Lopez-Loretta 2019 - Marco Mondelli - _id: 9B8D11D6-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A grant_number: PCEGP3_181181 name: Improving estimation and prediction of common complex disease risk publication: 2024 IEEE International Conference on Acoustics, Speech, and Signal Processing publication_identifier: isbn: - '9798350344851' issn: - 1520-6149 publication_status: published publisher: IEEE quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Inference of genetic effects via approximate message passing type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2024' ... --- _id: '15182' abstract: - lang: eng text: Thermoelectric materials convert heat into electricity, with a broad range of applications near room temperature (RT). However, the library of RT high-performance materials is limited. Traditional high-temperature synthetic methods constrain the range of materials achievable, hindering the ability to surpass crystal structure limitations and engineer defects. Here, a solution-based synthetic approach is introduced, enabling RT synthesis of powders and exploration of densification at lower temperatures to influence the material's microstructure. The approach is exemplified by Ag2Se, an n-type alternative to bismuth telluride. It is demonstrated that the concentration of Ag interstitials, grain boundaries, and dislocations are directly correlated to the sintering temperature, and achieve a figure of merit of 1.1 from RT to 100 °C after optimization. Moreover, insights into and resolve Ag2Se's challenges are provided, including stoichiometry issues leading to irreproducible performances. This work highlights the potential of RT solution synthesis in expanding the repertoire of high-performance thermoelectric materials for practical applications. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc - _id: NanoFab acknowledgement: This work was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of ISTA through resources provided by the Electron Microscopy Facility (EMF), the Lab Support Facility (LSF), and the Nanofabrication Facility (NNF). This work was financially supported by ISTA and the Werner Siemens Foundation. The USTEM Service Unit of the Technical University of Vienna is acknowledged for EBSD sample preparation and analysis. R.L.B. acknowledges the National Science Foundation for funding the mass spectrometry analysis under award DMR 1904719. J.L. is a Serra Húnter Fellow and is grateful to the ICREA Academia program and projects MICINN/FEDER PID2021-124572OB-C31 and GC 2021 SGR 01061. article_number: '2400408' article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: Tobias full_name: Kleinhanns, Tobias id: 8BD9DE16-AB3C-11E9-9C8C-2A03E6697425 last_name: Kleinhanns orcid: 0000-0003-1537-7436 - first_name: Francesco full_name: Milillo, Francesco id: 38b830db-ea88-11ee-bf9b-929beaf79054 last_name: Milillo - first_name: Mariano full_name: Calcabrini, Mariano id: 45D7531A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Calcabrini orcid: 0000-0003-4566-5877 - first_name: Christine full_name: Fiedler, Christine id: bd3fceba-dc74-11ea-a0a7-c17f71817366 last_name: Fiedler - first_name: Sharona full_name: Horta, Sharona id: 03a7e858-01b1-11ec-8b71-99ae6c4a05bc last_name: Horta - first_name: Daniel full_name: Balazs, Daniel id: 302BADF6-85FC-11EA-9E3B-B9493DDC885E last_name: Balazs orcid: 0000-0001-7597-043X - first_name: Marissa J. full_name: Strumolo, Marissa J. last_name: Strumolo - first_name: Roger full_name: Hasler, Roger last_name: Hasler - first_name: Jordi full_name: Llorca, Jordi last_name: Llorca - first_name: Michael full_name: Tkadletz, Michael last_name: Tkadletz - first_name: Richard L. full_name: Brutchey, Richard L. last_name: Brutchey - first_name: Maria full_name: Ibáñez, Maria id: 43C61214-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Ibáñez orcid: 0000-0001-5013-2843 citation: ama: 'Kleinhanns T, Milillo F, Calcabrini M, et al. A route to high thermoelectric performance: Solution‐based control of microstructure and composition in Ag2Se. Advanced Energy Materials. 2024;14(22). doi:10.1002/aenm.202400408' apa: 'Kleinhanns, T., Milillo, F., Calcabrini, M., Fiedler, C., Horta, S., Balazs, D., … Ibáñez, M. (2024). A route to high thermoelectric performance: Solution‐based control of microstructure and composition in Ag2Se. Advanced Energy Materials. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202400408' chicago: 'Kleinhanns, Tobias, Francesco Milillo, Mariano Calcabrini, Christine Fiedler, Sharona Horta, Daniel Balazs, Marissa J. Strumolo, et al. “A Route to High Thermoelectric Performance: Solution‐based Control of Microstructure and Composition in Ag2Se.” Advanced Energy Materials. Wiley, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1002/aenm.202400408.' ieee: 'T. Kleinhanns et al., “A route to high thermoelectric performance: Solution‐based control of microstructure and composition in Ag2Se,” Advanced Energy Materials, vol. 14, no. 22. Wiley, 2024.' ista: 'Kleinhanns T, Milillo F, Calcabrini M, Fiedler C, Horta S, Balazs D, Strumolo MJ, Hasler R, Llorca J, Tkadletz M, Brutchey RL, Ibáñez M. 2024. A route to high thermoelectric performance: Solution‐based control of microstructure and composition in Ag2Se. Advanced Energy Materials. 14(22), 2400408.' mla: 'Kleinhanns, Tobias, et al. “A Route to High Thermoelectric Performance: Solution‐based Control of Microstructure and Composition in Ag2Se.” Advanced Energy Materials, vol. 14, no. 22, 2400408, Wiley, 2024, doi:10.1002/aenm.202400408.' short: T. Kleinhanns, F. Milillo, M. Calcabrini, C. Fiedler, S. Horta, D. Balazs, M.J. Strumolo, R. Hasler, J. Llorca, M. Tkadletz, R.L. Brutchey, M. Ibáñez, Advanced Energy Materials 14 (2024). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-03-25T08:57:40Z date_published: 2024-06-12T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-14T08:43:40Z day: '12' ddc: - '530' department: - _id: MaIb - _id: LifeSc doi: 10.1002/aenm.202400408 external_id: isi: - '001184300200001' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 86b26430e00d5f43ea19e9b610692ab7 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2024-07-22T12:07:56Z date_updated: 2024-07-22T12:07:56Z file_id: '17314' file_name: 2024_AdvancedEnergyMaterials_Kleinhanns.pdf file_size: 8824301 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2024-07-22T12:07:56Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 14' isi: 1 issue: '22' language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/ month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: 9B8F7476-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A name: 'HighTE: The Werner Siemens Laboratory for the High Throughput Discovery of Semiconductors for Waste Heat Recovery' publication: Advanced Energy Materials publication_identifier: eissn: - 1614-6840 issn: - 1614-6832 publication_status: published publisher: Wiley quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '22017' relation: dissertation_contains status: for_moderation scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'A route to high thermoelectric performance: Solution‐based control of microstructure and composition in Ag2Se' tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345 volume: 14 year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: gold _id: '18557' abstract: - lang: eng text: Broadcast and Consensus are most fundamental tasks in distributed computing. These tasks are particularly challenging in dynamic networks where communication across the network links may be unreliable, e.g., due to mobility or failures. Over the last years, researchers have derived several impossibility results and high time complexity lower bounds for these tasks. Specifically for the setting where in each round of communication the adversary is allowed to choose one rooted tree along which the information is disseminated, there is a lower as well as an upper bound that is linear in the number n of nodes for Broadcast and for n ≥ 3 the adversary can guarantee that Consensus never happens. This setting is called the oblivious message adversary for rooted trees. Also note that if the adversary is allowed to choose a graph that does not contain a rooted tree, then it can guarantee that Broadcast and Consensus will never happen. However, such deterministic adversarial models may be overly pessimistic, as many processes in real-world settings are stochastic in nature rather than worst-case. This paper studies Broadcast on stochastic dynamic networks and shows that the situation is very different to the deterministic case. In particular, we show that if information dissemination occurs along random rooted trees and directed Erdős–Rényi graphs, Broadcast completes in O(log n) rounds of communication with high probability. The fundamental insight in our analysis is that key variables are mutually independent. We then study two adversarial models, (a) one with Byzantine nodes and (b) one where an adversary controls the edges. (a) Our techniques without Byzantine nodes are general enough so that they can be extended to Byzantine nodes. (b) In the spirit of smoothed analysis, we introduce the notion of randomized oblivious message adversary, where in each round, an adversary picks k ≤ 2n/3 edges to appear in the communication network, and then a graph (e.g. rooted tree or directed Erdős–Rényi graph) is chosen uniformly at random among the set of all such graphs that include these edges. We show that Broadcast completes in a finite number of rounds, which is, e.g., O(k+log n) rounds in rooted trees. We then extend these results to All-to-All Broadcast, and Consensus, and give lower bounds that show that most of our upper bounds are tight. acknowledgement: "Antoine El-Hayek: This project has received funding from the Austrian Science Fund\r\n(FWF) grant DOI 10.55776/P33775 with additional funding from the netidee SCIENCE Stiftung,\r\n2020–2024.\r\nMonika Henzinger: This project has received funding from the European Research Council (ERC)\r\nunder the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (MoDynStruct,\r\nNo. 101019564) and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) grant DOI 10.55776/Z422, grant DOI\r\n10.55776/I5982, and grant DOI 10.55776/P33775 with additional funding from the netidee SCIENCE\r\nStiftung, 2020–2024.\r\nStefan Schmid: This project has received funding from the German Research Foundation (DFG),\r\nSPP 2378 (project ReNO), 2023-2027." alternative_title: - LIPIcs article_number: '21' article_processing_charge: Yes arxiv: 1 author: - first_name: Antoine full_name: El-Hayek, Antoine id: 888a098e-fcac-11ee-aff7-d347be57b725 last_name: El-Hayek orcid: 0000-0003-4268-7368 - first_name: Monika H full_name: Henzinger, Monika H id: 540c9bbd-f2de-11ec-812d-d04a5be85630 last_name: Henzinger orcid: 0000-0002-5008-6530 - first_name: Stefan full_name: Schmid, Stefan last_name: Schmid citation: ama: 'El-Hayek A, Henzinger M, Schmid S. Broadcast and Consensus in stochastic dynamic networks with Byzantine nodes and adversarial edges. In: 38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing. Vol 319. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik; 2024. doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2024.21' apa: 'El-Hayek, A., Henzinger, M., & Schmid, S. (2024). Broadcast and Consensus in stochastic dynamic networks with Byzantine nodes and adversarial edges. In 38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing (Vol. 319). Madrid, Spain: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2024.21' chicago: El-Hayek, Antoine, Monika Henzinger, and Stefan Schmid. “Broadcast and Consensus in Stochastic Dynamic Networks with Byzantine Nodes and Adversarial Edges.” In 38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing, Vol. 319. Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024. https://doi.org/10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2024.21. ieee: A. El-Hayek, M. Henzinger, and S. Schmid, “Broadcast and Consensus in stochastic dynamic networks with Byzantine nodes and adversarial edges,” in 38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing, Madrid, Spain, 2024, vol. 319. ista: 'El-Hayek A, Henzinger M, Schmid S. 2024. Broadcast and Consensus in stochastic dynamic networks with Byzantine nodes and adversarial edges. 38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing. DISC: Symposium on Distributed Computing, LIPIcs, vol. 319, 21.' mla: El-Hayek, Antoine, et al. “Broadcast and Consensus in Stochastic Dynamic Networks with Byzantine Nodes and Adversarial Edges.” 38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing, vol. 319, 21, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024, doi:10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2024.21. short: A. El-Hayek, M. Henzinger, S. Schmid, in:, 38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing, Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik, 2024. conference: end_date: 2024-11-01 location: Madrid, Spain name: 'DISC: Symposium on Distributed Computing' start_date: 2024-10-28 corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-11-17T23:01:47Z date_published: 2024-10-24T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-15T09:01:38Z day: '24' ddc: - '000' department: - _id: MoHe doi: 10.4230/LIPIcs.DISC.2024.21 ec_funded: 1 external_id: arxiv: - '2302.11988' isi: - '001542467600021' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: d6c8277331cafa188c33ba1717206cf4 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2024-11-18T08:02:45Z date_updated: 2024-11-18T08:02:45Z file_id: '18561' file_name: 2024_LIPIcs_ElHayek.pdf file_size: 809666 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2024-11-18T08:02:45Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 319' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version project: - _id: bd9e3a2e-d553-11ed-ba76-8aa684ce17fe grant_number: P33775 name: Fast Algorithms for a Reactive Network Layer - _id: bd9ca328-d553-11ed-ba76-dc4f890cfe62 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101019564' name: The design and evaluation of modern fully dynamic data structures - _id: 34def286-11ca-11ed-8bc3-da5948e1613c grant_number: Z00422 name: Efficient algorithms - _id: bda196b2-d553-11ed-ba76-8e8ee6c21103 grant_number: I05982 name: Static and Dynamic Hierarchical Graph Decompositions publication: 38th International Symposium on Distributed Computing publication_identifier: isbn: - '9783959773522' issn: - 1868-8969 publication_status: published publisher: Schloss Dagstuhl - Leibniz-Zentrum für Informatik quality_controlled: '1' related_material: record: - id: '22281' relation: dissertation_contains status: for_moderation scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Broadcast and Consensus in stochastic dynamic networks with Byzantine nodes and adversarial edges tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: conference user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 319 year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '17119' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Genomes are shaped by natural selection at the level of the organism, as genomic variants that\r\nhave a beneficial effect on the viability or fecundity of their carriers are on average expected\r\nto be passed on to more offspring than less beneficial alleles. However, selection also favors\r\ngenomic variants that drive their own transmission to the next generation above the mendelian\r\nexpectation of 50 percent in heterozygotes, even if these self-promoting variants are less\r\nbeneficial to the organism than other variants at the same locus. Such variants, called meiotic\r\ndrivers, are found in diverse taxa, and often impose fitness costs on their host organisms. As\r\nmeiotic drivers often require multiple genes and sequences for transmission ratio distortion,\r\nthey are often found in regions of low recombination, such as inversions, which prevent their\r\nrecombination with the non-driving homologous regions. Reduced recombination rates are\r\nexpected to lead to the accumulation of deleterious mutations, which may affect hundreds\r\nof genes trapped in the inversions of meiotic drivers. Although the observed fitness costs of\r\nself-promoting haplotypes are thought to possibly reflect sequence degeneration, no study has\r\nsystematically investigated the level of degeneration on a meiotic driver. Further, the low\r\nrates of recombination between driving and non-driving haplotypes have limited the power of\r\ntraditional genetic studies in uncovering the gene content of meiotic drivers, and made the\r\nthe identification of the genes causing transmission ratio distortion difficult.\r\nAfter an introduction to meiotic drivers in Chapter 1, this thesis presents three studies that\r\nmake use of next generation sequencing data to characterize the sequence and expression\r\nevolution of genes on the t-haplotype, a large and ancient meiotic driver in house mice that is\r\ntransmitted to up to 100% of the offspring in males heterozygous for it. Chapter 2 presents\r\na comprehensive assessment of the t-haplotype’s sequence evolution, which shows signs of\r\nsequence degeneration counteracted by occasional recombination with the non-driving homolog\r\nover large parts of the meiotic driver, proposing an explanation for its long-term survival.\r\nChapter 3 investigates the sequence and expression evolution of genes on the t-haplotype,\r\nand finds widespread expression and copy number changes and signs of less efficient purifying\r\nselection compared to the genes on the non-driving homolog. Further, this chapter finds\r\ncandidates for involvment in drive: two positively selected genes on the t-haplotype, and\r\nthe discovery of a t-specific gene duplicate, which was gained from another chromosome,\r\nand which acquired novel sequence and testis-specific expression on the t-haplotype. Finally,\r\nChapter 4 provides unprecedented insights into the gene expression landscape in testes of\r\nt-carrier mice, using single nucleus sequencing. Cell-resolved RNA-sequencing allows the\r\ncomparison of expression in spermatids carrying or not carrying the t-haplotype as well as the\r\ntiming of t-haplotype-induced expression changes along spermatogenesis. This study shows\r\nthe timing of previously found drive-associated genes, and uncovers novel candidate genes and\r\nbiological processes that may underlie the complex biology of transmission ratio distortion of\r\nthe t-haplotype. Chapter 5 synthesizes the findings of the three studies, and discusses them in\r\nthe context of the current state of meiotic drive research." alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Réka K full_name: Kelemen, Réka K id: 48D3F8DE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kelemen orcid: 0000-0002-8489-9281 citation: ama: Kelemen RK. Characterizing the sequence and expression evolution of the t-haplotype, a model meiotic driver. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:17119 apa: Kelemen, R. K. (2024). Characterizing the sequence and expression evolution of the t-haplotype, a model meiotic driver. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17119 chicago: Kelemen, Réka K. “Characterizing the Sequence and Expression Evolution of the T-Haplotype, a Model Meiotic Driver.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:17119. ieee: R. K. Kelemen, “Characterizing the sequence and expression evolution of the t-haplotype, a model meiotic driver,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Kelemen RK. 2024. Characterizing the sequence and expression evolution of the t-haplotype, a model meiotic driver. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Kelemen, Réka K. Characterizing the Sequence and Expression Evolution of the T-Haplotype, a Model Meiotic Driver. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:17119. short: R.K. Kelemen, Characterizing the Sequence and Expression Evolution of the T-Haplotype, a Model Meiotic Driver, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-06-07T16:14:13Z date_published: 2024-06-20T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:21:37Z day: '20' ddc: - '576' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: BeVi doi: 10.15479/at:ista:17119 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: closed checksum: fab59146e3b3dc2e5d214576984a2a63 content_type: application/zip creator: rkelemen date_created: 2024-06-07T16:09:17Z date_updated: 2025-01-10T23:30:10Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '17121' file_name: thesis.zip file_size: 180557931 relation: source_file - access_level: open_access checksum: 91cc4c25a792239e8a7688e8aec7c62a content_type: application/pdf creator: rkelemen date_created: 2024-07-10T08:00:20Z date_updated: 2025-01-10T23:30:10Z embargo: 2025-01-10 file_id: '17213' file_name: thesis_to_archive.pdf file_size: 19405484 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2025-01-10T23:30:10Z has_accepted_license: '1' keyword: - meiotic driver - neofunctionalization - single nucleus sequencing language: - iso: eng month: '06' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '105' project: - _id: 250BDE62-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '715257' name: Prevalence and Influence of Sexual Antagonism on Genome Evolution - _id: 34ae1506-11ca-11ed-8bc3-c14f4c474396 grant_number: F8810 name: The highjacking of meiosis for asexual reproduction publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-3-99078-039-8 issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '542' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '10767' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Beatriz full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Vicoso orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306 title: Characterizing the sequence and expression evolution of the t-haplotype, a model meiotic driver tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '18477' abstract: - lang: eng text: "ADAR1 is broadly expressed across various tissues and is vital in regulating pathways\r\nassociated with innate immune responses. ADAR1 marks double-stranded RNA as \"self\"\r\nthrough its A-to-I editing activity, effectively repressing autoimmunity and maintaining\r\nimmune tolerance. This editing process has been detected at millions of sites across the\r\nhuman genome. However, the mechanism underlying ADAR1's substrate selectivity\r\nproperties remains largely unclear, with much of the current knowledge derived from\r\ncomparisons to its more extensively studied homolog, ADAR2. By studying ADAR1 in complex\r\nwith its RNA substrates and applying a combination of biochemical techniques and structural\r\nstudies using CryoEM, we aim to gain a more comprehensive understanding of the substrate\r\nselectivity characteristics of ADAR1.\r\nIn this thesis, the purification protocol for ADAR1 was successfully optimized, resulting in the\r\nfirst report in the literature to achieve high protein purity and activity. This advancement\r\nenabled the investigation of complex formation between ADAR1 and various RNA substrates,\r\nleading to the identification of optimal conditions for preparing the cryoEM sample. However,\r\ndespite comprehensive optimization of the cryo-EM conditions, the resulting data lacked the\r\ndesired quality, highlighting the need for similar rigorous optimization of the RNA substrates\r\nto facilitate structural studies of the ADAR1-RNA complex. The study was complemented by\r\nAlphaFold predictions, which provided some insights into this mechanism.\r\nMoreover, during this project I established a collaboration with a research group focused on\r\nstudying ADAR homologs. Notably ADAR homologs were identified in bivalve species, and it\r\nwas further demonstrated that ADAR and its A-to-I editing activity are upregulated in Pacific\r\noysters during infections with Ostreid herpesvirus-1—a highly infectious virus that leads to\r\nsignificant losses in oyster populations globally. I successfully purified oyster ADAR and\r\nprepared in vitro edited RNA for nanopore sequencing—a direct sequencing technology\r\ncapable of detecting modified nucleotides without the need for reverse transcription. The\r\ncollaborators initiated optimization of this nanopore-based approach. However, current\r\ntechnological limitations still constrain the reliable detection of modified nucleotides.\r\nThe project also examined the impact of RNA editing on RNA binding and filament formation\r\nby MDA5, a key cytosolic dsRNA sensor that triggers an interferon response. A primary target\r\nof ADAR1's editing activity is RNA derived from repetitive elements present in the genome,\r\nparticularly Alu elements forming double-stranded RNA. When unedited, these RNA\r\nsequences are recognized by MDA5. However, the mechanisms by which MDA5 interacts with\r\nAlu RNAs, as well as the role of A-to-I editing in influencing this binding, are still not well\r\nunderstood.\r\nThe interaction between MDA5 and Alu elements, was successfully established. This was\r\nachieved through the testing of different RNA variants and the evaluation of filament\r\nformation using binding techniques and electron microscopy imaging. This groundwork has\r\nset the conditions for further evaluation using CryoEM. Furthermore, the effects of A-to-I\r\nediting on the binding properties of MDA5 with Alu RNA were investigated. Given the recent\r\nresearch that has provided new insights into MDA5's interaction with dsRNA, it is essential to\r\nrevise the experimental setup to integrate these findings before moving forward with the\r\nCryoEM sample analysis." acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Beata M full_name: Kaczmarek, Beata M id: 36FA4AFA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kaczmarek citation: ama: Kaczmarek BM. Biochemical and structural insights into ADAR1 RNA editing. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:18477 apa: Kaczmarek, B. M. (2024). Biochemical and structural insights into ADAR1 RNA editing. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18477 chicago: Kaczmarek, Beata M. “Biochemical and Structural Insights into ADAR1 RNA Editing.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18477. ieee: B. M. Kaczmarek, “Biochemical and structural insights into ADAR1 RNA editing,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Kaczmarek BM. 2024. Biochemical and structural insights into ADAR1 RNA editing. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Kaczmarek, Beata M. Biochemical and Structural Insights into ADAR1 RNA Editing. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:18477. short: B.M. Kaczmarek, Biochemical and Structural Insights into ADAR1 RNA Editing, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-10-27T07:35:13Z date_published: 2024-10-29T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:23:59Z day: '29' ddc: - '572' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: CaBe doi: 10.15479/at:ista:18477 file: - access_level: closed checksum: 2053294ea4d770c495e4cc501e2a218b content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: bkaczmar date_created: 2024-10-29T11:56:36Z date_updated: 2025-10-29T23:30:02Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '18485' file_name: 20241029_PhD_thesis_BKaczmarek.docx file_size: 23136626 relation: source_file - access_level: open_access checksum: 8ce857a4cd44b776791eaf180ac9dbb3 content_type: application/pdf creator: bkaczmar date_created: 2024-10-29T11:56:44Z date_updated: 2025-10-29T23:30:02Z embargo: 2025-10-29 file_id: '18486' file_name: 20241029_PhD_thesis_BKaczmarek.pdf file_size: 11707360 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2025-10-29T23:30:02Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '124' publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-3-99078-045-9 issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria status: public supervisor: - first_name: Carrie A full_name: Bernecky, Carrie A id: 2CB9DFE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Bernecky orcid: 0000-0003-0893-7036 title: Biochemical and structural insights into ADAR1 RNA editing tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '15352' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Epilepsy affects about 50 to 65 million people globally. It summarizes a spectrum of neurological\r\ndisorders that have in common a hyperactivity of the neuronal network resulting in seizures. A common\r\nassumption is that an imbalance between neuronal excitation and inhibition is a key mechanism in\r\nseizure generation and epileptogeneisis. In at least one-third of the patients, current therapies have\r\nproven unsuccessful in treating seizure progression. One potential reason could be that the therapies\r\nonly focus on neurons. Recent studies suggest that neuronal hyperactivity causes a microglial\r\nresponse, which reinstates brain homeostasis. Additionally, interactions between microglia and neurons\r\nhave been shown to inhibit neuronal firing and dampen seizure activity. However, the exact relationship\r\nbetween microglia and seizure progression in epilepsy is yet to be elucidated. A main bottleneck is that\r\nseveral studies investigate microglia dynamics in ex vivo slice models, which can severely affect the\r\nmicroglia dynamics due to their rapid response to environmental changes. On the other hand, in vivo\r\nstudies focus mostly on behavior characterization of the epileptic seizure phenotype and their long-term\r\nconsequences on microglia activity leaving out the direct consequences of acute seizure activity on\r\nmicroglia dynamics.\r\nHere, we perform a pilot study to combine electroencephalography (EEG) and in vivo live imaging to\r\ndirectly monitor and correlate the onset of seizure activity with microglia response. To induce seizures,\r\nwe take advantage of the kainic acid (KA) model, which represents similar neuropathological and\r\nelectroencephalographic features seen in human patients with temporal lobe epilepsy (TLE). After\r\nconfirmation of induction of the seizure and microglia activity in the hippocampus as a focal point, we\r\ninvestigated whether these changes also reached the primary visual cortex (V1) as a secondary\r\ngeneralized seizure activity. Indeed, we found that microglia changed their morphology at high doses\r\nof KA in the V1. Next, we optimized each of the two methodological components: for the EEG recording,\r\nour initial attempts under the microscope suffered from extensive electrical noise, which overlaid the\r\nactual signal. Thus, we built a customized Faraday-cage and confirmed that the signal-to-noise ratio\r\nwas sufficiently reduced to be able to record brain oscillatory activity. For the in vivo live imaging of\r\nmicroglia, we had to optimize the imaging parameters, so that we would be able to detect microglial\r\nprocesses in a sufficient resolution to track their process changes. Finally, we combined both\r\nmethodologies with the KA model. We confirmed that KA induced seizure activity and found first\r\nindication that those correlate with microglia volume changes.\r\nOverall, we have developed a first methodological approach, which allows the analysis of the acute\r\neffects of seizure onset on microglia. Future studies will have to continue to optimize the drift during\r\nimaging recording and the post-image analysis. " acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: LifeSc - _id: PreCl alternative_title: - ISTA Master's Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Julie Stefanie full_name: Murmann, Julie Stefanie id: 1d390868-f128-11eb-9611-a0ca5f7833b5 last_name: Murmann citation: ama: 'Murmann JS. Investigating acute microglia response to seizure activity in vivo: Combining 2-Photon imaging and EEG recording. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:15352' apa: 'Murmann, J. S. (2024). Investigating acute microglia response to seizure activity in vivo: Combining 2-Photon imaging and EEG recording. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:15352' chicago: 'Murmann, Julie Stefanie. “Investigating Acute Microglia Response to Seizure Activity in Vivo: Combining 2-Photon Imaging and EEG Recording.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:15352.' ieee: 'J. S. Murmann, “Investigating acute microglia response to seizure activity in vivo: Combining 2-Photon imaging and EEG recording,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.' ista: 'Murmann JS. 2024. Investigating acute microglia response to seizure activity in vivo: Combining 2-Photon imaging and EEG recording. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.' mla: 'Murmann, Julie Stefanie. Investigating Acute Microglia Response to Seizure Activity in Vivo: Combining 2-Photon Imaging and EEG Recording. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:15352.' short: 'J.S. Murmann, Investigating Acute Microglia Response to Seizure Activity in Vivo: Combining 2-Photon Imaging and EEG Recording, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024.' corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-05-02T08:31:38Z date_published: 2024-05-02T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:05:00Z day: '02' ddc: - '570' degree_awarded: MS department: - _id: SaSi - _id: GradSch doi: 10.15479/at:ista:15352 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 095817a6c944954ac3f277e547031a33 content_type: application/pdf creator: cchlebak date_created: 2024-05-02T12:26:13Z date_updated: 2025-05-02T22:30:04Z embargo: 2025-05-02 file_id: '15354' file_name: Murmann_Thesis_final_2024_2.pdf file_size: 5936142 relation: main_file - access_level: closed checksum: 43b632255372973a437ac87739cfd4db content_type: application/x-zip-compressed creator: cchlebak date_created: 2024-05-02T12:37:56Z date_updated: 2025-05-02T22:30:04Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '15355' file_name: Murmann_Thesis_final_2024.zip file_size: 20645510 relation: source_file file_date_updated: 2025-05-02T22:30:04Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '05' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '54' publication_identifier: issn: - 2791-4585 publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria status: public supervisor: - first_name: Sandra full_name: Siegert, Sandra id: 36ACD32E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Siegert orcid: 0000-0001-8635-0877 title: 'Investigating acute microglia response to seizure activity in vivo: Combining 2-Photon imaging and EEG recording' tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher OA_type: hybrid PlanS_conform: '1' _id: '14843' abstract: - lang: eng text: The coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors is a key factor defining the signaling properties of a synapse. However, the coupling nanotopography at many synapses remains unknown, and it is unclear how it changes during development. To address these questions, we examined coupling at the cerebellar inhibitory basket cell (BC)-Purkinje cell (PC) synapse. Biophysical analysis of transmission by paired recording and intracellular pipette perfusion revealed that the effects of exogenous Ca2+ chelators decreased during development, despite constant reliance of release on P/Q-type Ca2+ channels. Structural analysis by freeze-fracture replica labeling (FRL) and transmission electron microscopy (EM) indicated that presynaptic P/Q-type Ca2+ channels formed nanoclusters throughout development, whereas docked vesicles were only clustered at later developmental stages. Modeling suggested a developmental transformation from a more random to a more clustered coupling nanotopography. Thus, presynaptic signaling developmentally approaches a point-to-point configuration, optimizing speed, reliability, and energy efficiency of synaptic transmission. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac - _id: PreCl - _id: M-Shop acknowledgement: We thank Drs. David DiGregorio and Erwin Neher for critically reading an earlier version of the manuscript, Ralf Schneggenburger for helpful discussions, Benjamin Suter and Katharina Lichter for support with image analysis, Chris Wojtan for advice on numerical solution of partial differential equations, Maria Reva for help with Ripley analysis, Alois Schlögl for programming, and Akari Hagiwara and Toshihisa Ohtsuka for anti-ELKS antibody. We are grateful to Florian Marr, Christina Altmutter, and Vanessa Zheden for excellent technical assistance and to Eleftheria Kralli-Beller for manuscript editing. This research was supported by the Scientific Services Units (SSUs) of ISTA (Electron Microscopy Facility, Preclinical Facility, and Machine Shop). The project received funding from the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation program (grant agreement no. 692692), the Fonds zur Förderung der Wissenschaftlichen Forschung (Z 312-B27, Wittgenstein award; P 36232-B), all to P.J., and a DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences to J.-J.C. article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal) article_type: original author: - first_name: JingJing full_name: Chen, JingJing id: 2C4E65C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Chen - first_name: Walter full_name: Kaufmann, Walter id: 3F99E422-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kaufmann orcid: 0000-0001-9735-5315 - first_name: Chong full_name: Chen, Chong id: 3DFD581A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Chen - first_name: Itaru full_name: Arai, Itaru id: 32A73F6C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Arai - first_name: Olena full_name: Kim, Olena id: 3F8ABDDA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Kim orcid: 0000-0003-2344-1039 - first_name: Ryuichi full_name: Shigemoto, Ryuichi id: 499F3ABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Shigemoto orcid: 0000-0001-8761-9444 - first_name: Peter M full_name: Jonas, Peter M id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Jonas orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804 citation: ama: Chen J, Kaufmann W, Chen C, et al. Developmental transformation of Ca2+ channel-vesicle nanotopography at a central GABAergic synapse. Neuron. 2024;112(5):755-771.e9. doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2023.12.002 apa: Chen, J., Kaufmann, W., Chen, C., Arai, itaru, Kim, O., Shigemoto, R., & Jonas, P. M. (2024). Developmental transformation of Ca2+ channel-vesicle nanotopography at a central GABAergic synapse. Neuron. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2023.12.002 chicago: Chen, JingJing, Walter Kaufmann, Chong Chen, itaru Arai, Olena Kim, Ryuichi Shigemoto, and Peter M Jonas. “Developmental Transformation of Ca2+ Channel-Vesicle Nanotopography at a Central GABAergic Synapse.” Neuron. Elsevier, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuron.2023.12.002. ieee: J. Chen et al., “Developmental transformation of Ca2+ channel-vesicle nanotopography at a central GABAergic synapse,” Neuron, vol. 112, no. 5. Elsevier, p. 755–771.e9, 2024. ista: Chen J, Kaufmann W, Chen C, Arai itaru, Kim O, Shigemoto R, Jonas PM. 2024. Developmental transformation of Ca2+ channel-vesicle nanotopography at a central GABAergic synapse. Neuron. 112(5), 755–771.e9. mla: Chen, JingJing, et al. “Developmental Transformation of Ca2+ Channel-Vesicle Nanotopography at a Central GABAergic Synapse.” Neuron, vol. 112, no. 5, Elsevier, 2024, p. 755–771.e9, doi:10.1016/j.neuron.2023.12.002. short: J. Chen, W. Kaufmann, C. Chen, itaru Arai, O. Kim, R. Shigemoto, P.M. Jonas, Neuron 112 (2024) 755–771.e9. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-01-21T23:00:56Z date_published: 2024-03-06T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-16T22:30:20Z day: '06' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: PeJo - _id: EM-Fac - _id: RySh doi: 10.1016/j.neuron.2023.12.002 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '001202925700001' pmid: - '38215739' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 30098b4f0209556ddfb3540a23d07ca5 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2025-04-23T14:02:08Z date_updated: 2025-04-23T14:02:08Z file_id: '19614' file_name: 2024_Neuron_Chen.pdf file_size: 8192355 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2025-04-23T14:02:08Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 112' isi: 1 issue: '5' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 755-771.e9 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 25B7EB9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '692692' name: Biophysics and circuit function of a giant cortical glutamatergic synapse - _id: 25C5A090-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: Z00312 name: Synaptic communication in neuronal microcircuits - _id: bd88be38-d553-11ed-ba76-81d5a70a6ef5 grant_number: P36232 name: Mechanisms of GABA release in hippocampal circuits - _id: 26B66A3E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 grant_number: '25383' name: Development of nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a central inhibitory synapse publication: Neuron publication_identifier: eissn: - 1097-4199 issn: - 0896-6273 publication_status: published publisher: Elsevier quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - description: News on ISTA Website relation: press_release url: https://ista.ac.at/en/news/synapses-brought-to-the-point/ record: - id: '15101' relation: dissertation_contains status: public scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Developmental transformation of Ca2+ channel-vesicle nanotopography at a central GABAergic synapse tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 112 year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '14821' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The hippocampus is central to memory formation, storage and retrieval over many\r\ntimescales. Neurons in this brain area are highly selective to spatial position as well as to many\r\nother variables of the environment. It is believed that the selectivity patterns of hippocampal\r\nneurons reflect the structure of tasks an animal performs. However, especially at timescales\r\nlonger than a few minutes or hours it is not fully known how these representations evolve, nor\r\nhow they map to behaviour in the process. In this thesis, I monitored the evolution of\r\nhippocampal representations in a novel spatial-associative memory task for rats. Reward\r\nlocations were associated with global sensory cues (i.e. context); animals had to remember the\r\nassociations and dig for food in those locations only. I used in vivo electrophysiology to record\r\nthe activity of the hippocampus dorsal CA1 neurons during the learning period of a few days.\r\nI report here a novel and simple method to classify behaviour performance to account\r\nfor individual variability in learning speed and spurious performance unrelated to true task rule\r\nlearning. Using this classification I was then able to investigate neural responses on different\r\nstages of learning matched across animals. On the first day of learning, I observed a fast\r\nformation of single-cell selectivity to task variables which remained stable over days. I also\r\nobserved that reward tuning was not a single process but dependent on task-related cognitive\r\nload. At the population level, a linear decoding approach revealed a hierarchy in the\r\nrepresentation of task variables that changed with learning. In the high-dimensional space of\r\npopulation activity, the representation of contexts was specific to each position in the maze, and\r\ncould thus be better decoded if the position was known. The decoding of position did not improve\r\nwith knowledge of other variables. As learning progressed, the hippocampal code underwent a\r\nreorganisation of high-variance directions in population activity, identified by principal\r\ncomponent analysis. I found that dominant dimensions started carrying increasing amounts of\r\ninformation about task context specifically at those positions where it mattered for task\r\nperformance. When I contrasted this with variables less relevant to task performance (e.g.\r\nmovement direction), I did not observe differences in decoding quality over positions nor a\r\nreduction of dimensionality with learning.\r\nOverall, the largest changes in CA1 neural response with task learning happened in a\r\nmatter of a few trials; over days, changes undetectable in single-cell statistics were responsible\r\nfor re-structuring the hierarchy of neural representations at the population level; these changes\r\nwere task-specific and reflected different stages of learning. This indicates that complex task\r\nlearning may involve different magnitudes of response modulation in CA1, which happen at\r\nspecific time scales linked to behaviour." alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Heloisa full_name: Chiossi, Heloisa id: 2BBA502C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Chiossi orcid: 0009-0004-2973-278X citation: ama: Chiossi HSC. Adaptive hierarchical representations in the hippocampus. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:14821 apa: Chiossi, H. S. C. (2024). Adaptive hierarchical representations in the hippocampus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14821 chicago: Chiossi, Heloisa S. C. “Adaptive Hierarchical Representations in the Hippocampus.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:14821. ieee: H. S. C. Chiossi, “Adaptive hierarchical representations in the hippocampus,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Chiossi HSC. 2024. Adaptive hierarchical representations in the hippocampus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Chiossi, Heloisa S. C. Adaptive Hierarchical Representations in the Hippocampus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:14821. short: H.S.C. Chiossi, Adaptive Hierarchical Representations in the Hippocampus, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-01-16T14:25:21Z date_published: 2024-01-19T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:21:56Z day: '19' ddc: - '570' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: JoCs doi: 10.15479/at:ista:14821 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: closed checksum: d3fa3de1abd5af5204c13e9d55375615 content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: hchiossi date_created: 2024-01-19T11:04:05Z date_updated: 2025-01-19T23:30:04Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '14838' file_name: PhD_Thesis_190124.docx file_size: 8656268 relation: source_file - access_level: open_access checksum: 13adc8dcfb5b6b18107f89f0a98fa8bd content_type: application/pdf creator: hchiossi date_created: 2024-01-19T11:03:59Z date_updated: 2025-01-19T23:30:04Z embargo: 2025-01-19 file_id: '14839' file_name: PhD_Thesis_190124.pdf file_size: 6567275 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2025-01-19T23:30:04Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '01' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '89' project: - _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '665385' name: International IST Doctoral Program publication_identifier: issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria status: public supervisor: - first_name: Jozsef L full_name: Csicsvari, Jozsef L id: 3FA14672-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Csicsvari orcid: 0000-0002-5193-4036 title: Adaptive hierarchical representations in the hippocampus type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '15101' abstract: - lang: eng text: "The coupling between presynaptic Ca2+ channels and release sensors is a key factor that\r\ndetermines speed and efficacy of synapse transmission. At some excitatory synapses,\r\nchannel–sensor coupling becomes tighter during development, and tightening is often\r\nassociated with a switch in the reliance on different Ca2+ channel subtypes. However, the\r\ncoupling topography at many synapses remains unknown, and it is unclear how it changes\r\nduring development. To address this question, we analyzed the coupling configuration at the\r\ncerebellar basket cell (BC) to Purkinje cell (PC) synapse at different developmental stages,\r\ncombining biophysical analysis, structural analysis, and modeling.\r\nQuantal analysis of BC–PC indicated that release probability decreased, while the\r\nnumber of functional sites increased during development. Although transmitter release\r\npersistently relied on P/Q-type Ca2+ channels in the time period postnatal day 7–23, effects\r\nof the Ca2+ chelator EGTA and BAPTA applied by intracellular pipette perfusion decreased\r\nduring development, indicative of tightening of source-sensor coupling. Furthermore,\r\npresynaptic action potentials became shorter during development, suggesting reduced\r\nefficacy of Ca2+ channel activation.\r\nStructural analysis by freeze-fracture replica labeling (FRL) and transmission electron\r\nmicroscopy (EM) indicated that presynaptic P/Q-type Ca2+ channels formed nanoclusters\r\nthroughout development, whereas docked vesicles were only clustered at later\r\ndevelopmental stages. The number of functional release sites correlated better with the AZ\r\nnumber early in development, but match better with the Ca2+ channel cluster number at later\r\nstages.\r\nModeling suggested a developmental transformation from a more random to a more\r\nclustered coupling nanotopography. Thus, presynaptic signaling developmentally approaches\r\na point-to-point configuration, optimizing speed, reliability, and energy efficiency of synaptic\r\ntransmission." acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: JingJing full_name: Chen, JingJing id: 2C4E65C8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Chen citation: ama: Chen J. Developmental transformation of nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a central GABAergic synapse. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:15101 apa: Chen, J. (2024). Developmental transformation of nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a central GABAergic synapse. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:15101 chicago: Chen, JingJing. “Developmental Transformation of Nanodomain Coupling between Ca2+ Channels and Release Sensors at a Central GABAergic Synapse.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:15101. ieee: J. Chen, “Developmental transformation of nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a central GABAergic synapse,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Chen J. 2024. Developmental transformation of nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a central GABAergic synapse. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Chen, JingJing. Developmental Transformation of Nanodomain Coupling between Ca2+ Channels and Release Sensors at a Central GABAergic Synapse. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:15101. short: J. Chen, Developmental Transformation of Nanodomain Coupling between Ca2+ Channels and Release Sensors at a Central GABAergic Synapse, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-03-11T10:09:54Z date_published: 2024-03-11T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:24:22Z day: '11' ddc: - '570' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: PeJo doi: 10.15479/at:ista:15101 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: closed checksum: db4947474ffa271e66c254b6fe876a55 content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: jchen date_created: 2024-03-11T14:10:58Z date_updated: 2024-04-02T22:30:03Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '15104' file_name: Thesis_Jingjing CHEN.docx file_size: 11271363 relation: source_file - access_level: open_access checksum: a5eeae8b5702cd540f5d03469bc33dde content_type: application/pdf creator: jchen date_created: 2024-03-11T14:11:06Z date_updated: 2024-04-02T22:30:03Z embargo: 2024-04-01 file_id: '15105' file_name: Thesis_Jingjing CHEN_merged.pdf file_size: 16627311 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2024-04-02T22:30:03Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '03' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '84' project: - _id: 25B7EB9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '692692' name: Biophysics and circuit function of a giant cortical glutamatergic synapse - _id: 25C5A090-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: Z00312 name: Synaptic communication in neuronal microcircuits - _id: bd88be38-d553-11ed-ba76-81d5a70a6ef5 grant_number: P36232 name: Mechanisms of GABA release in hippocampal circuits - _id: 26B66A3E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 grant_number: '25383' name: Development of nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a central inhibitory synapse publication_identifier: issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '14843' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Peter M full_name: Jonas, Peter M id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Jonas orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804 title: Developmental transformation of nanodomain coupling between Ca2+ channels and release sensors at a central GABAergic synapse tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '18471' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Spatial omics technologies are enriching our understanding of complex biological samples, by\r\nallowing us to study their molecular composition while preserving the spatial relationships\r\nbetween molecules in their native context. As the field continues to advance, there are\r\ntechnical challenges that need to be addressed in order to take full advantage of the spatial\r\ncapabilities of these methods. In this work, I present two technical developments that I\r\nestablished for multiplexed error robust FISH (MERFISH) throughout my PhD: (1) pushing the\r\nspatial resolution limits to the nanoscale, and (2) adding rich tissue context to the mouse brain\r\ntranscriptome. To achieve nanoscale resolution with MERFISH in cultured cells, I combined it\r\nwith stimulated emission depletion (STED) and expansion microscopy (ExM) to achieve a\r\nspatial resolution as low as ~20 nm, and explored the compatibility of MERFISH with singlemolecule localization microscopy (SMLM) techniques. To visualize targeted mRNAs in mouse\r\nbrain tissue, I applied the comprehensive analysis of tissues across scales (CATS) toolbox, which\r\nprovides an unbiased morphological readout by labeling the extracellular domain. I\r\nsuccessfully established this method, which we call CATS-MERFISH-ExM, to work with thick\r\nmouse brain slices, being able to extract transcriptomics information with 3D tissue context.\r\nCATS-MERFISH-ExM enabled us to identify cell types and further visualize the subcellular\r\ndistribution of transcripts in mouse brain tissue, shedding light on the neuropil-specific\r\ntranscriptome. This method provides integrated information on cellular structure and\r\ntranscriptomes in situ, and could potentially be applied with other modalities, opening new\r\navenues for scientific discovery. " acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: LifeSc - _id: PreCl - _id: M-Shop - _id: ScienComp alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nathalie full_name: Agudelo Duenas, Nathalie id: 40E7F008-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Agudelo Duenas citation: ama: Agudelo Duenas N. Visualizing the neuronal transcriptional landscape with tissue context. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:18471 apa: Agudelo Duenas, N. (2024). Visualizing the neuronal transcriptional landscape with tissue context. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18471 chicago: Agudelo Duenas, Nathalie. “Visualizing the Neuronal Transcriptional Landscape with Tissue Context.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18471. ieee: N. Agudelo Duenas, “Visualizing the neuronal transcriptional landscape with tissue context,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Agudelo Duenas N. 2024. Visualizing the neuronal transcriptional landscape with tissue context. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Agudelo Duenas, Nathalie. Visualizing the Neuronal Transcriptional Landscape with Tissue Context. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:18471. short: N. Agudelo Duenas, Visualizing the Neuronal Transcriptional Landscape with Tissue Context, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-10-26T20:02:42Z date_published: 2024-10-28T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-14T08:34:37Z day: '28' ddc: - '570' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: JoDa doi: 10.15479/at:ista:18471 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: closed checksum: 6d7c7725d040d8debc070dcb35ac965d content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: nagudelo date_created: 2024-10-26T22:29:06Z date_updated: 2025-05-05T22:30:04Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '18475' file_name: PhD_thesis_Nathalie_Agudelo_Duenas_ISTA_final.docx file_size: 183077763 relation: source_file - access_level: open_access checksum: 52f9c0bf2bdafa3baf827b73814a53ff content_type: application/pdf creator: nagudelo date_created: 2024-10-26T23:13:33Z date_updated: 2025-05-05T22:30:04Z embargo: 2025-05-05 file_id: '18476' file_name: PhD_thesis_Nathalie_Agudelo_Duenas_ISTA_final.pdf file_size: 47027710 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2025-05-05T22:30:04Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '97' project: - _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '665385' name: International IST Doctoral Program - _id: 2548AE96-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: FWF grant_number: W1232 name: Molecular Drug Targets publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-3-99078-044-2 issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria status: public supervisor: - first_name: Johann G full_name: Danzl, Johann G id: 42EFD3B6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Danzl orcid: 0000-0001-8559-3973 title: Visualizing the neuronal transcriptional landscape with tissue context tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- OA_embargo: '12' OA_place: publisher _id: '18574' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Biological vision is unlike a camera; rather than transmitting light information faithfully, early\r\nvisual circuits process the visual scene to convey only the relevant information in an efficient\r\nmanner. Consequentially, the nature of this visual processing then depends on what is the\r\nrelevant information in a scene and on the notion of efficiency. In this work, I study how visual\r\nprocessing is modulated by two different variations in the visual scene. First, I discovered that\r\nin the mouse (Mus musculus) retina, Retinal Ganglion Cells in the upper and lower visual\r\nfield have differences in the center surround structure of their receptive fields. Comparison\r\nwith models of efficient coding show that this adaptation likely evolved to cope with the\r\nbrightness gradient from the sky to the ground that is pervasive in natural scenes. In the\r\nsecond project, I study how the downstream neurons in the Superior Colliculus dynamically\r\nchange their temporal selectivity depending on the ambient luminance and behavioral state.\r\nAs the scene gets darker or when the animal is is less aroused, the neuronal responses get\r\nlaggier, while still maintaining their relative timing with respect to the population. Overall, this\r\nwork emphasises the need to understand visual processing in the context of specific demands\r\nof the animal in its the environment. The adaptive changes in the visual system, from the\r\nretinal ganglion cells to the superior colliculus, highlight the intricate ways in which biological\r\nvision optimizes the processing of visual information.\r\n" acknowledged_ssus: - _id: Bio - _id: ScienComp - _id: PreCl - _id: LifeSc - _id: M-Shop - _id: E-Lib acknowledgement: "This work would have been impossible without the Scientific Service Units of IST Austria. The resources and expertise provided by Scientific Computing (especially Alois Schlögl), the MIBA Machine Shop (especially Todor Asenov), the Preclinical Facility (especially Freyja Langer), the Library, the Lab Support Facility and the Imaging and Optics Facility were the essential bedrock I could build upon. I would also like to thank IT support at ISTA for powering through remote work and a cyberattack.\r\nI am grateful for having been funded initially by the European Union Horizon 2020 Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant 665385 and later by Prof. Maximilian Joesch's the European Research Council Starting (756502) and Consolidator (101086580) Grants." alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Divyansh full_name: Gupta, Divyansh id: 2A485EBE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Gupta orcid: 0000-0001-7400-6665 citation: ama: Gupta D. Visual adaptations to natural statistics. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:18574 apa: Gupta, D. (2024). Visual adaptations to natural statistics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18574 chicago: Gupta, Divyansh. “Visual Adaptations to Natural Statistics.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18574. ieee: D. Gupta, “Visual adaptations to natural statistics,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Gupta D. 2024. Visual adaptations to natural statistics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Gupta, Divyansh. Visual Adaptations to Natural Statistics. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:18574. short: D. Gupta, Visual Adaptations to Natural Statistics, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-11-20T21:30:44Z date_published: 2024-11-22T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:24:48Z day: '22' ddc: - '573' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: MaJö doi: 10.15479/at:ista:18574 ec_funded: 1 file: - access_level: closed checksum: ebb000d361c36b22ed6e639a931c6b7c content_type: application/zip creator: dgupta date_created: 2024-11-25T14:44:03Z date_updated: 2025-11-11T23:30:02Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '18589' file_name: PhD Thesis - Divyansh Gupta.zip file_size: 75512262 relation: source_file - access_level: open_access checksum: 1282401eb71598bc311058b0fcefc6a1 content_type: application/pdf creator: dgupta date_created: 2024-11-26T11:43:19Z date_updated: 2025-11-11T23:30:02Z embargo: 2025-11-11 file_id: '18591' file_name: PDFA_PhD_Thesis___Divyansh_Gupta-26_11_24.pdf file_size: 6412619 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2025-11-11T23:30:02Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '86' project: - _id: bdaf81a8-d553-11ed-ba76-c95961984540 grant_number: '101086580' name: 'Action Selection in the Midbrain: Neuromodulation of Visuomotor Senses' - _id: 2564DBCA-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '665385' name: International IST Doctoral Program - _id: 2634E9D2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '756502' name: Circuits of Visual Attention publication_identifier: isbn: - 978-3-99078-050-3 issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '12349' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '12370' relation: research_data status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Maximilian A full_name: Jösch, Maximilian A id: 2BD278E6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Jösch orcid: 0000-0002-3937-1330 title: Visual adaptations to natural statistics tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-SA 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- _id: '15323' abstract: - lang: eng text: Supercomplexes of the respiratory chain are established constituents of the oxidative phosphorylation system, but their role in mammalian metabolism has been hotly debated. Although recent studies have shown that different tissues/organs are equipped with specific sets of supercomplexes, depending on their metabolic needs, the notion that supercomplexes have a role in the regulation of metabolism has been challenged. However, irrespective of the mechanistic conclusions, the composition of various high molecular weight supercomplexes remains uncertain. Here, using cryogenic electron microscopy, we demonstrate that mammalian (mouse) tissues contain three defined types of ‘respirasome’, supercomplexes made of CI, CIII2 and CIV. The stoichiometry and position of CIV differs in the three respirasomes, of which only one contains the supercomplex-associated factor SCAF1, whose involvement in respirasome formation has long been contended. Our structures confirm that the ‘canonical’ respirasome (the C-respirasome, CICIII2CIV) does not contain SCAF1, which is instead associated to a different respirasome (the CS-respirasome), containing a second copy of CIV. We also identify an alternative respirasome (A-respirasome), with CIV bound to the ‘back’ of CI, instead of the ‘toe’. This structural characterization of mouse mitochondrial supercomplexes allows us to hypothesize a mechanistic basis for their specific role in different metabolic conditions. acknowledged_ssus: - _id: EM-Fac - _id: LifeSc - _id: PreCl - _id: ScienComp acknowledgement: Supercomplexes of the respiratory chain are established constituents of the oxidative phosphorylation system, but their role in mammalian metabolism has been hotly debated. Although recent studies have shown that different tissues/organs are equipped with specific sets of supercomplexes, depending on their metabolic needs, the notion that supercomplexes have a role in the regulation of metabolism has been challenged. However, irrespective of the mechanistic conclusions, the composition of various high molecular weight supercomplexes remains uncertain. Here, using cryogenic electron microscopy, we demonstrate that mammalian (mouse) tissues contain three defined types of ‘respirasome’, supercomplexes made of CI, CIII2 and CIV. The stoichiometry and position of CIV differs in the three respirasomes, of which only one contains the supercomplex-associated factor SCAF1, whose involvement in respirasome formation has long been contended. Our structures confirm that the ‘canonical’ respirasome (the C-respirasome, CICIII2CIV) does not contain SCAF1, which is instead associated to a different respirasome (the CS-respirasome), containing a second copy of CIV. We also identify an alternative respirasome (A-respirasome), with CIV bound to the ‘back’ of CI, instead of the ‘toe’. This structural characterization of mouse mitochondrial supercomplexes allows us to hypothesize a mechanistic basis for their specific role in different metabolic conditions. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Irene full_name: Vercellino, Irene id: 3ED6AF16-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Vercellino orcid: 0000-0001-5618-3449 - first_name: Leonid A full_name: Sazanov, Leonid A id: 338D39FE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Sazanov orcid: 0000-0002-0977-7989 citation: ama: Vercellino I, Sazanov LA. SCAF1 drives the compositional diversity of mammalian respirasomes. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. 2024;31:1061-1071. doi:10.1038/s41594-024-01255-0 apa: Vercellino, I., & Sazanov, L. A. (2024). SCAF1 drives the compositional diversity of mammalian respirasomes. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01255-0 chicago: Vercellino, Irene, and Leonid A Sazanov. “SCAF1 Drives the Compositional Diversity of Mammalian Respirasomes.” Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. Springer Nature, 2024. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-024-01255-0. ieee: I. Vercellino and L. A. Sazanov, “SCAF1 drives the compositional diversity of mammalian respirasomes,” Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, vol. 31. Springer Nature, pp. 1061–1071, 2024. ista: Vercellino I, Sazanov LA. 2024. SCAF1 drives the compositional diversity of mammalian respirasomes. Nature Structural and Molecular Biology. 31, 1061–1071. mla: Vercellino, Irene, and Leonid A. Sazanov. “SCAF1 Drives the Compositional Diversity of Mammalian Respirasomes.” Nature Structural and Molecular Biology, vol. 31, Springer Nature, 2024, pp. 1061–71, doi:10.1038/s41594-024-01255-0. short: I. Vercellino, L.A. Sazanov, Nature Structural and Molecular Biology 31 (2024) 1061–1071. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-04-14T22:01:03Z date_published: 2024-07-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2025-11-24T08:35:04Z day: '01' ddc: - '572' department: - _id: LeSa doi: 10.1038/s41594-024-01255-0 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '001196897300001' pmid: - '38575788' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 21f05d188762acd7f49a97f3d09c8d9f content_type: application/pdf creator: lsazanov date_created: 2024-05-14T11:57:56Z date_updated: 2025-01-01T23:30:03Z embargo: 2025-01-01 file_id: '15392' file_name: megacomplex_submit_NSMB_withFigures.pdf file_size: 24424729 relation: main_file file_date_updated: 2025-01-01T23:30:03Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 31' isi: 1 language: - iso: eng month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Submitted Version page: 1061-1071 pmid: 1 project: - _id: 627abdeb-2b32-11ec-9570-ec31a97243d3 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '101020697' name: Structure and mechanism of respiratory chain molecular machines publication: Nature Structural and Molecular Biology publication_identifier: eissn: - 1545-9985 issn: - 1545-9993 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' related_material: link: - relation: erratum url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41594-025-01721-3 scopus_import: '1' status: public title: SCAF1 drives the compositional diversity of mammalian respirasomes tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 volume: 31 year: '2024' ... --- OA_embargo: '6' OA_place: publisher _id: '18531' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Sex chromosomes and autosomes exhibit very different evolutionary dynamics.\r\nThe Y chromosome usually degenerates, leaving many X-linked loci hemizygous in\r\nmales. Since recessive X-linked mutations are always exposed to selection in males,\r\nselection is more efficient on the X chromosome than on autosomes on recessive\r\nmutations, leading to faster adaptation on the X chromosome than other genomic\r\nregions, if beneficial mutations are on average recessive (known as the Faster-X\r\neffect). In the presence of the functional, but non-recombining gametolog on the Y (as\r\nis often the case in young non-recombining regions), recessive mutations are\r\nsheltered from selection on the X chromosome. We model this scenario and show that\r\nthe efficiency of selection is reduced on diploid X loci due to sheltering by the Y\r\nchromosome. Reduced efficiency of selection leads to slower adaptation and\r\nincreased accumulation of deleterious mutations (Slower-X effect). We extended this\r\nmodel to explore the effect of sex-specific selection on degeneration of sex\r\nchromosomes, showing theoretically that male-limited genes degenerate on the X\r\nchromosome and female-biased genes degenerate on the Y chromosome. This\r\nprediction depends on the effective population size and the mutation rate, explaining\r\nthe variety of sex chromosome degeneration patterns observed in nature.\r\nTo test for direct evidence of a Slower-X (or Slower-Z) effect, we analyzed the\r\nZW sex chromosomes of the flatworm Schistosoma japonicum, which have a very\r\nyoung non-recombining region with non-degenerated W. Diploid Z-linked genes have\r\nhigher ratios of non-synonymous to synonymous polymorphisms than autosomal\r\ngenes, supporting reduced efficiency of selection on the diploid Z region. These results\r\nprovide evidence of sheltering by the W chromosome, a mechanism that could\r\ncontribute to Z (X) chromosome degeneration, and illustrate contrasting evolutionary\r\npatterns in old and young sex chromosome regions. In addition, genes with sexspecific patterns of expression show opposite patterns of selection in the young\r\n(diploid) and old (hemizygous) Z, showing the complex manner in which sex-specific selection shapes the evolutionary patterns of sex chromosomes. " acknowledged_ssus: - _id: ScienComp - _id: CampIT alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Andrea full_name: Mrnjavac, Andrea id: 353FAC84-AE61-11E9-8BFC-00D3E5697425 last_name: Mrnjavac citation: ama: Mrnjavac A. Early stages of sex chromosome evolution. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:18531 apa: Mrnjavac, A. (2024). Early stages of sex chromosome evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18531 chicago: Mrnjavac, Andrea. “Early Stages of Sex Chromosome Evolution.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18531. ieee: A. Mrnjavac, “Early stages of sex chromosome evolution,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Mrnjavac A. 2024. Early stages of sex chromosome evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Mrnjavac, Andrea. Early Stages of Sex Chromosome Evolution. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:18531. short: A. Mrnjavac, Early Stages of Sex Chromosome Evolution, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-11-11T08:40:45Z date_published: 2024-11-11T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:22:45Z day: '11' ddc: - '576' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: BeVi doi: 10.15479/at:ista:18531 file: - access_level: closed checksum: 3e48b163c22114ef5d5371f758668289 content_type: application/vnd.openxmlformats-officedocument.wordprocessingml.document creator: amrnjava date_created: 2024-11-13T12:15:28Z date_updated: 2025-05-11T22:30:04Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '18551' file_name: AMrnjavac_thesis_library.docx file_size: 26870629 relation: source_file title: Early stages of sex chromosome evolution - access_level: open_access checksum: 3ead60c1b678e7dcf018043aef3b5db2 content_type: application/pdf creator: amrnjava date_created: 2024-11-13T12:15:54Z date_updated: 2025-05-11T22:30:04Z embargo: 2025-05-11 file_id: '18552' file_name: AMrnjavac_thesis_library.pdf file_size: 4228766 relation: main_file title: Early stages of sex chromosome evolution file_date_updated: 2025-05-11T22:30:04Z has_accepted_license: '1' keyword: - Sex chromosomes - evolution - selection - sheltering language: - iso: eng month: '11' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '181' publication_identifier: issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '12521' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '18549' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Beatriz full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Vicoso orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306 title: Early stages of sex chromosome evolution tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: repository _id: '18549' abstract: - lang: eng text: "Sex-linked and autosomal loci experience different selective pressures and\r\nevolutionary dynamics. X (or Z) chromosomes are often hemizygous, as Y (or W)\r\nchromosomes often degenerate. Such hemizygous regions can be under greater\r\nefficacy of selection, as recessive mutations are immediately exposed to selection in\r\nthe heterogametic sex (the so-called Faster-X or Faster-Z effect). However, in young\r\nnon-recombining regions, Y/W chromosomes often have many functional genes, and\r\nmany X/Z-linked loci are therefore diploid. The sheltering of recessive mutations on\r\nthe X/Z by the Y/W homolog is expected to drive a Slower-X (Slower-Z) effect for\r\ndiploid X/Z loci, i.e. a reduction in the efficacy of selection. While the Faster-X effect\r\nhas been studied extensively, much less is known empirically about the evolutionary\r\ndynamics of diploid X or Z chromosomes. Here, we took advantage of published\r\npopulation genomic data in the female-heterogametic human parasite Schistosoma\r\njaponicum to characterize the gene content and diversity levels of the diploid and\r\nhemizygous regions of the Z chromosome. We used different metrics of selective\r\npressures acting on genes to test for differences in the efficacy of selection in\r\nhemizygous and diploid Z regions, relative to autosomes. We found consistent\r\npatterns suggesting reduced Ne, and reduced efficacy of purifying selection, on both\r\nhemizygous and diploid Z regions. Moreover, relaxed selection was particularly\r\npronounced for female-biased genes on the diploid Z, as predicted by Slower-Z\r\ntheory.\r\n" article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Andrea full_name: Mrnjavac, Andrea id: 353FAC84-AE61-11E9-8BFC-00D3E5697425 last_name: Mrnjavac - first_name: Beatriz full_name: Vicoso, Beatriz id: 49E1C5C6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Vicoso orcid: 0000-0002-4579-8306 citation: ama: Mrnjavac A, Vicoso B. Evidence of a Slower-Z effect in Schistosoma japonicum. bioRxiv. doi:10.1101/2024.07.02.601697 apa: Mrnjavac, A., & Vicoso, B. (n.d.). Evidence of a Slower-Z effect in Schistosoma japonicum. bioRxiv. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.02.601697 chicago: Mrnjavac, Andrea, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Evidence of a Slower-Z Effect in Schistosoma Japonicum.” BioRxiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.02.601697. ieee: A. Mrnjavac and B. Vicoso, “Evidence of a Slower-Z effect in Schistosoma japonicum,” bioRxiv. . ista: Mrnjavac A, Vicoso B. Evidence of a Slower-Z effect in Schistosoma japonicum. bioRxiv, 10.1101/2024.07.02.601697. mla: Mrnjavac, Andrea, and Beatriz Vicoso. “Evidence of a Slower-Z Effect in Schistosoma Japonicum.” BioRxiv, doi:10.1101/2024.07.02.601697. short: A. Mrnjavac, B. Vicoso, BioRxiv (n.d.). corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-11-13T09:12:08Z date_published: 2024-07-04T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-07-16T22:30:22Z day: '04' department: - _id: BeVi doi: 10.1101/2024.07.02.601697 language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2024.07.02.601697 month: '07' oa: 1 oa_version: Preprint publication: bioRxiv publication_status: draft related_material: record: - id: '19370' relation: later_version status: public - id: '18531' relation: dissertation_contains status: public status: public title: Evidence of a Slower-Z effect in Schistosoma japonicum tmp: image: /images/cc_by_nc_nd.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-nd/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-NC-ND 4.0) short: CC BY-NC-ND (4.0) type: preprint user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 year: '2024' ... --- OA_place: publisher _id: '18642' abstract: - lang: eng text: "This thesis consists of two pieces of work in the broader feld of computational biology,\r\nboth of which are methods for the analysis of large scale biological data, implemented in\r\nefcient software.\r\nChapter 2 introduces a statistical software for causal discovery and inference from observed\r\ngenetic marker and phenotypic trait data. We explore in simulation how well the method\r\ncan fne-map genetic efects, fnd the correct causal structure among tens of traits and\r\nmillions of genetic markers, and infer the causal efect size for the discovered causal\r\nrelations. We then apply the method to 8 million markers and 17 traits from the UK\r\nBiobank and show that many relationships found with other methods are likely due to\r\nthe efects of hidden confounders.\r\nChapter 3 describes how this method can be applied to longitudinal data. I show how one\r\ncan incorporate the background knowledge present in the known order of measurements to\r\nimprove the accuracy of the causal discovery process, and explore the method’s ability to\r\nidentify age specifc genetic efects, and how the error rates of this recovery are infuenced\r\nby missing data due to diferent censoring mechanisms.\r\nChapter 4 introduces a statistical software for the comparison of chromatin contact maps\r\nbased on the structural similarity index. We explore the robustness of the method to\r\nnoise and size diferences of the compared maps, show how it can measure evolutionary\r\nconservation of topological features by providing a similarity ranking of syntenic regions,\r\nand fnally how it can detect alterations in 3D genome structure due to genetic mutations\r\nin samples of medical relevance.\r\n" acknowledgement: "I would like to thank the Swiss National Science Foundation for funding parts of this work\r\nthrough the Eccellenza Grant \"Improving estimation and prediction of common complex\r\ndisease risk\" with grant number PCEGP3_181181." alternative_title: - ISTA Thesis article_processing_charge: No author: - first_name: Nick N full_name: Machnik, Nick N id: 3591A0AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87 last_name: Machnik orcid: 0000-0001-6617-9742 citation: ama: Machnik NN. Algorithms for causal learning and comparative analysis for genomic data. 2024. doi:10.15479/at:ista:18642 apa: Machnik, N. N. (2024). Algorithms for causal learning and comparative analysis for genomic data. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18642 chicago: Machnik, Nick N. “Algorithms for Causal Learning and Comparative Analysis for Genomic Data.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. https://doi.org/10.15479/at:ista:18642. ieee: N. N. Machnik, “Algorithms for causal learning and comparative analysis for genomic data,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. ista: Machnik NN. 2024. Algorithms for causal learning and comparative analysis for genomic data. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. mla: Machnik, Nick N. Algorithms for Causal Learning and Comparative Analysis for Genomic Data. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024, doi:10.15479/at:ista:18642. short: N.N. Machnik, Algorithms for Causal Learning and Comparative Analysis for Genomic Data, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2024. corr_author: '1' date_created: 2024-12-10T13:49:15Z date_published: 2024-12-11T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:23:06Z day: '11' ddc: - '576' degree_awarded: PhD department: - _id: GradSch - _id: MaRo doi: 10.15479/at:ista:18642 file: - access_level: open_access checksum: d45e4d170f9a70a1f69b44b99bd058e4 content_type: application/pdf creator: nmachnik date_created: 2024-12-11T11:59:54Z date_updated: 2025-06-12T22:30:02Z embargo: 2025-06-12 file_id: '18649' file_name: NickMachnikThesisFinal_pdfa_conv.pdf file_size: 12845009 relation: main_file - access_level: closed checksum: f88c9acc62002395ec4dcbdb5eea8b82 content_type: application/zip creator: nmachnik date_created: 2024-12-11T11:59:34Z date_updated: 2025-06-12T22:30:02Z embargo_to: open_access file_id: '18650' file_name: thesis.zip file_size: 14189810 relation: source_file file_date_updated: 2025-06-12T22:30:02Z has_accepted_license: '1' language: - iso: eng month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: '138' project: - _id: 9B8D11D6-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A grant_number: PCEGP3_181181 name: Improving estimation and prediction of common complex disease risk publication_identifier: issn: - 2663-337X publication_status: published publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria related_material: record: - id: '18648' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public - id: '8707' relation: part_of_dissertation status: public status: public supervisor: - first_name: Matthew Richard full_name: Robinson, Matthew Richard id: E5D42276-F5DA-11E9-8E24-6303E6697425 last_name: Robinson orcid: 0000-0001-8982-8813 title: Algorithms for causal learning and comparative analysis for genomic data type: dissertation user_id: ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd year: '2024' ...