---
_id: '12190'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Meiotic crossover frequency varies within genomes, which influences genetic
diversity and adaptation. In turn, genetic variation within populations can act
to modify crossover frequency in cis and trans. To identify genetic variation
that controls meiotic crossover frequency, we screened Arabidopsis accessions
using fluorescent recombination reporters. We mapped a genetic modifier of crossover
frequency in Col × Bur populations of Arabidopsis to a premature stop codon within
TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 4b (TAF4b), which encodes a subunit of the RNA polymerase
II general transcription factor TFIID. The Arabidopsis taf4b mutation is a rare
variant found in the British Isles, originating in South-West Ireland. Using genetics,
genomics, and immunocytology, we demonstrate a genome-wide decrease in taf4b crossovers,
with strongest reduction in the sub-telomeric regions. Using RNA sequencing (RNA-seq)
from purified meiocytes, we show that TAF4b expression is meiocyte enriched, whereas
its paralog TAF4 is broadly expressed. Consistent with the role of TFIID in promoting
gene expression, RNA-seq of wild-type and taf4b meiocytes identified widespread
transcriptional changes, including in genes that regulate the meiotic cell cycle
and recombination. Therefore, TAF4b duplication is associated with acquisition
of meiocyte-specific expression and promotion of germline transcription, which
act directly or indirectly to elevate crossovers. This identifies a novel mode
of meiotic recombination control via a general transcription factor.
acknowledgement: "We thank Gregory Copenhaver (University of North Carolina), Avraham
Levy (The Weizmann Institute), and Scott Poethig (University of Pennsylvania) for
FTLs; Piotr Ziolkowski for Col-420/Bur seed; Sureshkumar Balasubramanian\r\n(Monash
University) for providing British and Irish Arabidopsis accessions; Mathilde Grelon
(INRA, Versailles) for providing the MLH1 antibody; and the Gurdon Institute for
access to microscopes. This work was supported by a BBSRC DTP studentship (E.J.L.),
European Research Area Network for Coordinating Action in Plant Sciences/BBSRC ‘‘DeCOP’’
(BB/M004937/1; C.L.), a BBSRC David Phillips Fellowship (BB/L025043/1; H.G. and
X.F.), the European Research Council (CoG ‘‘SynthHotspot,’’ A.J.T., C.L., and I.R.H.;
StG ‘‘SexMeth,’’ X.F.), and a Sainsbury Charitable Foundation Studentship (A.R.B.)."
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Emma J.
full_name: Lawrence, Emma J.
last_name: Lawrence
- first_name: Hongbo
full_name: Gao, Hongbo
last_name: Gao
- first_name: Andrew J.
full_name: Tock, Andrew J.
last_name: Tock
- first_name: Christophe
full_name: Lambing, Christophe
last_name: Lambing
- first_name: Alexander R.
full_name: Blackwell, Alexander R.
last_name: Blackwell
- first_name: Xiaoqi
full_name: Feng, Xiaoqi
id: e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958
last_name: Feng
orcid: 0000-0002-4008-1234
- first_name: Ian R.
full_name: Henderson, Ian R.
last_name: Henderson
citation:
ama: Lawrence EJ, Gao H, Tock AJ, et al. Natural variation in TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR
4b controls meiotic crossover and germline transcription in Arabidopsis. Current
Biology. 2019;29(16):2676-2686.e3. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.084
apa: Lawrence, E. J., Gao, H., Tock, A. J., Lambing, C., Blackwell, A. R., Feng,
X., & Henderson, I. R. (2019). Natural variation in TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR
4b controls meiotic crossover and germline transcription in Arabidopsis. Current
Biology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.084
chicago: Lawrence, Emma J., Hongbo Gao, Andrew J. Tock, Christophe Lambing, Alexander
R. Blackwell, Xiaoqi Feng, and Ian R. Henderson. “Natural Variation in TBP-ASSOCIATED
FACTOR 4b Controls Meiotic Crossover and Germline Transcription in Arabidopsis.”
Current Biology. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.084.
ieee: E. J. Lawrence et al., “Natural variation in TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR
4b controls meiotic crossover and germline transcription in Arabidopsis,” Current
Biology, vol. 29, no. 16. Elsevier, p. 2676–2686.e3, 2019.
ista: Lawrence EJ, Gao H, Tock AJ, Lambing C, Blackwell AR, Feng X, Henderson IR.
2019. Natural variation in TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 4b controls meiotic crossover
and germline transcription in Arabidopsis. Current Biology. 29(16), 2676–2686.e3.
mla: Lawrence, Emma J., et al. “Natural Variation in TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 4b Controls
Meiotic Crossover and Germline Transcription in Arabidopsis.” Current Biology,
vol. 29, no. 16, Elsevier, 2019, p. 2676–2686.e3, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.084.
short: E.J. Lawrence, H. Gao, A.J. Tock, C. Lambing, A.R. Blackwell, X. Feng, I.R.
Henderson, Current Biology 29 (2019) 2676–2686.e3.
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:16:33Z
date_published: 2019-08-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-01-14T14:31:02Z
day: '19'
department:
- _id: XiFe
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2019.06.084
extern: '1'
external_id:
pmid:
- '31378616'
intvolume: ' 29'
issue: '16'
keyword:
- General Agricultural and Biological Sciences
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
language:
- iso: eng
month: '08'
oa_version: None
page: 2676-2686.e3
pmid: 1
publication: Current Biology
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 0960-9822
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Natural variation in TBP-ASSOCIATED FACTOR 4b controls meiotic crossover and
germline transcription in Arabidopsis
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 29
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '12192'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Transposable elements (TEs), the movement of which can damage the genome,
are epigenetically silenced in eukaryotes. Intriguingly, TEs are activated in
the sperm companion cell – vegetative cell (VC) – of the flowering plant Arabidopsis
thaliana. However, the extent and mechanism of this activation are unknown. Here
we show that about 100 heterochromatic TEs are activated in VCs, mostly by DEMETER-catalyzed
DNA demethylation. We further demonstrate that DEMETER access to some of these
TEs is permitted by the natural depletion of linker histone H1 in VCs. Ectopically
expressed H1 suppresses TEs in VCs by reducing DNA demethylation and via a methylation-independent
mechanism. We demonstrate that H1 is required for heterochromatin condensation
in plant cells and show that H1 overexpression creates heterochromatic foci in
the VC progenitor cell. Taken together, our results demonstrate that the natural
depletion of H1 during male gametogenesis facilitates DEMETER-directed DNA demethylation,
heterochromatin relaxation, and TE activation.
acknowledgement: We thank David Twell for the pDONR-P4-P1R-pLAT52 and pDONR-P2R-P3-mRFP
vectors, the John Innes Centre Bioimaging Facility (Elaine Barclay and Grant Calder)
for their assistance with microscopy, and the Norwich BioScience Institute Partnership
Computing infrastructure for Science Group for High Performance Computing resources.
This work was funded by a Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council
(BBSRC) David Phillips Fellowship (BB/L025043/1; SH, JZ and XF), a European Research
Council Starting Grant ('SexMeth' 804981; XF) and a Grant to Exceptional Researchers
by the Gatsby Charitable Foundation (SH and XF).
article_number: '42530'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Shengbo
full_name: He, Shengbo
last_name: He
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Vickers, Martin
last_name: Vickers
- first_name: Jingyi
full_name: Zhang, Jingyi
last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Xiaoqi
full_name: Feng, Xiaoqi
id: e0164712-22ee-11ed-b12a-d80fcdf35958
last_name: Feng
orcid: 0000-0002-4008-1234
citation:
ama: He S, Vickers M, Zhang J, Feng X. Natural depletion of histone H1 in sex cells
causes DNA demethylation, heterochromatin decondensation and transposon activation.
eLife. 2019;8. doi:10.7554/elife.42530
apa: He, S., Vickers, M., Zhang, J., & Feng, X. (2019). Natural depletion of
histone H1 in sex cells causes DNA demethylation, heterochromatin decondensation
and transposon activation. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.42530
chicago: He, Shengbo, Martin Vickers, Jingyi Zhang, and Xiaoqi Feng. “Natural Depletion
of Histone H1 in Sex Cells Causes DNA Demethylation, Heterochromatin Decondensation
and Transposon Activation.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2019. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.42530.
ieee: S. He, M. Vickers, J. Zhang, and X. Feng, “Natural depletion of histone H1
in sex cells causes DNA demethylation, heterochromatin decondensation and transposon
activation,” eLife, vol. 8. eLife Sciences Publications, 2019.
ista: He S, Vickers M, Zhang J, Feng X. 2019. Natural depletion of histone H1 in
sex cells causes DNA demethylation, heterochromatin decondensation and transposon
activation. eLife. 8, 42530.
mla: He, Shengbo, et al. “Natural Depletion of Histone H1 in Sex Cells Causes DNA
Demethylation, Heterochromatin Decondensation and Transposon Activation.” ELife,
vol. 8, 42530, eLife Sciences Publications, 2019, doi:10.7554/elife.42530.
short: S. He, M. Vickers, J. Zhang, X. Feng, ELife 8 (2019).
date_created: 2023-01-16T09:17:21Z
date_published: 2019-05-28T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-01-14T14:31:41Z
day: '28'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: XiFe
doi: 10.7554/elife.42530
extern: '1'
external_id:
unknown:
- '31135340'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: ea6b89c20d59e5eb3646916fe5d568ad
content_type: application/pdf
creator: alisjak
date_created: 2023-02-07T09:42:46Z
date_updated: 2023-02-07T09:42:46Z
file_id: '12525'
file_name: 2019_elife_He.pdf
file_size: 2493837
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-02-07T09:42:46Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 8'
keyword:
- General Immunology and Microbiology
- General Biochemistry
- Genetics and Molecular Biology
- General Medicine
- General Neuroscience
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: eLife
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2050-084X
publication_status: published
publisher: eLife Sciences Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Natural depletion of histone H1 in sex cells causes DNA demethylation, heterochromatin
decondensation and transposon activation
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 8
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '27'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The cerebral cortex is composed of a large variety of distinct cell-types
including projection neurons, interneurons and glial cells which emerge from distinct
neural stem cell (NSC) lineages. The vast majority of cortical projection neurons
and certain classes of glial cells are generated by radial glial progenitor cells
(RGPs) in a highly orchestrated manner. Recent studies employing single cell analysis
and clonal lineage tracing suggest that NSC and RGP lineage progression are regulated
in a profound deterministic manner. In this review we focus on recent advances
based mainly on correlative phenotypic data emerging from functional genetic studies
in mice. We establish hypotheses to test in future research and outline a conceptual
framework how epigenetic cues modulate the generation of cell-type diversity during
cortical development. This article is protected by copyright. All rights reserved.
acknowledgement: " This work was supported by IST Austria institutional funds; NÖ
Forschung und Bildung \r\nn[f+b] (C13-002) to SH; a program grant from
\ the Human Frontiers Science Program (RGP0053/2014) to SH; the People
\ Programme (Marie Curie Actions) of the European Union’s Seventh Framework
Programme (FP7/2007-2013) under REA grant agreement No 618444 to SH, and the European
\ Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research
\ and innovation programme (grant agreement No 725780 LinPro)to SH.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: review
author:
- first_name: Nicole
full_name: Amberg, Nicole
id: 4CD6AAC6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Amberg
orcid: 0000-0002-3183-8207
- first_name: Susanne
full_name: Laukoter, Susanne
id: 2D6B7A9A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Laukoter
orcid: 0000-0002-7903-3010
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Hippenmeyer, Simon
id: 37B36620-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Hippenmeyer
orcid: 0000-0003-2279-1061
citation:
ama: Amberg N, Laukoter S, Hippenmeyer S. Epigenetic cues modulating the generation
of cell type diversity in the cerebral cortex. Journal of Neurochemistry.
2019;149(1):12-26. doi:10.1111/jnc.14601
apa: Amberg, N., Laukoter, S., & Hippenmeyer, S. (2019). Epigenetic cues modulating
the generation of cell type diversity in the cerebral cortex. Journal of Neurochemistry.
Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.14601
chicago: Amberg, Nicole, Susanne Laukoter, and Simon Hippenmeyer. “Epigenetic Cues
Modulating the Generation of Cell Type Diversity in the Cerebral Cortex.” Journal
of Neurochemistry. Wiley, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1111/jnc.14601.
ieee: N. Amberg, S. Laukoter, and S. Hippenmeyer, “Epigenetic cues modulating the
generation of cell type diversity in the cerebral cortex,” Journal of Neurochemistry,
vol. 149, no. 1. Wiley, pp. 12–26, 2019.
ista: Amberg N, Laukoter S, Hippenmeyer S. 2019. Epigenetic cues modulating the
generation of cell type diversity in the cerebral cortex. Journal of Neurochemistry.
149(1), 12–26.
mla: Amberg, Nicole, et al. “Epigenetic Cues Modulating the Generation of Cell Type
Diversity in the Cerebral Cortex.” Journal of Neurochemistry, vol. 149,
no. 1, Wiley, 2019, pp. 12–26, doi:10.1111/jnc.14601.
short: N. Amberg, S. Laukoter, S. Hippenmeyer, Journal of Neurochemistry 149 (2019)
12–26.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:14Z
date_published: 2019-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-14T07:43:05Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: SiHi
doi: 10.1111/jnc.14601
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000462680200002'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: db027721a95d36f5de36aadcd0bdf7e6
content_type: application/pdf
creator: kschuh
date_created: 2020-01-07T13:35:52Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:45Z
file_id: '7239'
file_name: 2019_Wiley_Amberg.pdf
file_size: 889709
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:45:45Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 149'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 12-26
project:
- _id: 25D92700-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: LS13-002
name: Mapping Cell-Type Specificity of the Genomic Imprintome in the Brain
- _id: 25D7962E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
grant_number: RGP0053/2014
name: Quantitative Structure-Function Analysis of Cerebral Cortex Assembly at Clonal
Level
- _id: 25D61E48-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '618444'
name: Molecular Mechanisms of Cerebral Cortex Development
- _id: 260018B0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '725780'
name: Principles of Neural Stem Cell Lineage Progression in Cerebral Cortex Development
publication: Journal of Neurochemistry
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Epigenetic cues modulating the generation of cell type diversity in the cerebral
cortex
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 149
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '301'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A representation formula for solutions of stochastic partial differential
equations with Dirichlet boundary conditions is proved. The scope of our setting
is wide enough to cover the general situation when the backward characteristics
that appear in the usual formulation are not even defined in the Itô sense.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Mate
full_name: Gerencser, Mate
id: 44ECEDF2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Gerencser
- first_name: István
full_name: Gyöngy, István
last_name: Gyöngy
citation:
ama: Gerencser M, Gyöngy I. A Feynman–Kac formula for stochastic Dirichlet problems.
Stochastic Processes and their Applications. 2019;129(3):995-1012. doi:10.1016/j.spa.2018.04.003
apa: Gerencser, M., & Gyöngy, I. (2019). A Feynman–Kac formula for stochastic
Dirichlet problems. Stochastic Processes and Their Applications. Elsevier.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spa.2018.04.003
chicago: Gerencser, Mate, and István Gyöngy. “A Feynman–Kac Formula for Stochastic
Dirichlet Problems.” Stochastic Processes and Their Applications. Elsevier,
2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.spa.2018.04.003.
ieee: M. Gerencser and I. Gyöngy, “A Feynman–Kac formula for stochastic Dirichlet
problems,” Stochastic Processes and their Applications, vol. 129, no. 3.
Elsevier, pp. 995–1012, 2019.
ista: Gerencser M, Gyöngy I. 2019. A Feynman–Kac formula for stochastic Dirichlet
problems. Stochastic Processes and their Applications. 129(3), 995–1012.
mla: Gerencser, Mate, and István Gyöngy. “A Feynman–Kac Formula for Stochastic Dirichlet
Problems.” Stochastic Processes and Their Applications, vol. 129, no. 3,
Elsevier, 2019, pp. 995–1012, doi:10.1016/j.spa.2018.04.003.
short: M. Gerencser, I. Gyöngy, Stochastic Processes and Their Applications 129
(2019) 995–1012.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:42Z
date_published: 2019-03-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-08-24T14:20:49Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.1016/j.spa.2018.04.003
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1611.04177'
isi:
- '000458945300012'
intvolume: ' 129'
isi: 1
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1611.04177
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 995-1012
publication: Stochastic Processes and their Applications
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A Feynman–Kac formula for stochastic Dirichlet problems
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 129
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '138'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Autoregulation is the direct modulation of gene expression by the product
of the corresponding gene. Autoregulation of bacterial gene expression has been
mostly studied at the transcriptional level, when a protein acts as the cognate
transcriptional repressor. A recent study investigating dynamics of the bacterial
toxin–antitoxin MazEF system has shown how autoregulation at both the transcriptional
and post-transcriptional levels affects the heterogeneity of Escherichia coli
populations. Toxin–antitoxin systems hold a crucial but still elusive part in
bacterial response to stress. This perspective highlights how these modules can
also serve as a great model system for investigating basic concepts in gene regulation.
However, as the genomic background and environmental conditions substantially
influence toxin activation, it is important to study (auto)regulation of toxin–antitoxin
systems in well-defined setups as well as in conditions that resemble the environmental
niche.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
author:
- first_name: Nela
full_name: Nikolic, Nela
id: 42D9CABC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Nikolic
orcid: 0000-0001-9068-6090
citation:
ama: 'Nikolic N. Autoregulation of bacterial gene expression: lessons from the MazEF
toxin–antitoxin system. Current Genetics. 2019;65(1):133-138. doi:10.1007/s00294-018-0879-8'
apa: 'Nikolic, N. (2019). Autoregulation of bacterial gene expression: lessons from
the MazEF toxin–antitoxin system. Current Genetics. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-018-0879-8'
chicago: 'Nikolic, Nela. “Autoregulation of Bacterial Gene Expression: Lessons from
the MazEF Toxin–Antitoxin System.” Current Genetics. Springer, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00294-018-0879-8.'
ieee: 'N. Nikolic, “Autoregulation of bacterial gene expression: lessons from the
MazEF toxin–antitoxin system,” Current Genetics, vol. 65, no. 1. Springer,
pp. 133–138, 2019.'
ista: 'Nikolic N. 2019. Autoregulation of bacterial gene expression: lessons from
the MazEF toxin–antitoxin system. Current Genetics. 65(1), 133–138.'
mla: 'Nikolic, Nela. “Autoregulation of Bacterial Gene Expression: Lessons from
the MazEF Toxin–Antitoxin System.” Current Genetics, vol. 65, no. 1, Springer,
2019, pp. 133–38, doi:10.1007/s00294-018-0879-8.'
short: N. Nikolic, Current Genetics 65 (2019) 133–138.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:50Z
date_published: 2019-02-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-04-15T06:50:19Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: CaGu
doi: 10.1007/s00294-018-0879-8
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
isi:
- '000456958800017'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 6779708b0b632a1a6ed28c56f5161142
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2019-02-06T07:50:58Z
date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:47Z
file_id: '5930'
file_name: 2019_CurrentGenetics_Nikolic.pdf
file_size: 776399
relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:44:47Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 65'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 133-138
project:
- _id: 25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FP7
grant_number: '291734'
name: International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme
publication: Current Genetics
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer
publist_id: '7785'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Autoregulation of bacterial gene expression: lessons from the MazEF toxin–antitoxin
system'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 65
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '14184'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Learning disentangled representations is considered a cornerstone problem
in\r\nrepresentation learning. Recently, Locatello et al. (2019) demonstrated
that\r\nunsupervised disentanglement learning without inductive biases is theoretically\r\nimpossible
and that existing inductive biases and unsupervised methods do not\r\nallow to
consistently learn disentangled representations. However, in many\r\npractical
settings, one might have access to a limited amount of supervision,\r\nfor example
through manual labeling of (some) factors of variation in a few\r\ntraining examples.
In this paper, we investigate the impact of such supervision\r\non state-of-the-art
disentanglement methods and perform a large scale study,\r\ntraining over 52000
models under well-defined and reproducible experimental\r\nconditions. We observe
that a small number of labeled examples (0.01--0.5\\% of\r\nthe data set), with
potentially imprecise and incomplete labels, is sufficient\r\nto perform model
selection on state-of-the-art unsupervised models. Further, we\r\ninvestigate
the benefit of incorporating supervision into the training process.\r\nOverall,
we empirically validate that with little and imprecise supervision it\r\nis possible
to reliably learn disentangled representations."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Tschannen, Michael
last_name: Tschannen
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Bauer, Stefan
last_name: Bauer
- first_name: Gunnar
full_name: Rätsch, Gunnar
last_name: Rätsch
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
- first_name: Olivier
full_name: Bachem, Olivier
last_name: Bachem
citation:
ama: 'Locatello F, Tschannen M, Bauer S, Rätsch G, Schölkopf B, Bachem O. Disentangling
factors of variation using few labels. In: 8th International Conference on
Learning Representations. ; 2019.'
apa: Locatello, F., Tschannen, M., Bauer, S., Rätsch, G., Schölkopf, B., & Bachem,
O. (2019). Disentangling factors of variation using few labels. In 8th International
Conference on Learning Representations. Virtual.
chicago: Locatello, Francesco, Michael Tschannen, Stefan Bauer, Gunnar Rätsch, Bernhard
Schölkopf, and Olivier Bachem. “Disentangling Factors of Variation Using Few Labels.”
In 8th International Conference on Learning Representations, 2019.
ieee: F. Locatello, M. Tschannen, S. Bauer, G. Rätsch, B. Schölkopf, and O. Bachem,
“Disentangling factors of variation using few labels,” in 8th International
Conference on Learning Representations, Virtual, 2019.
ista: 'Locatello F, Tschannen M, Bauer S, Rätsch G, Schölkopf B, Bachem O. 2019.
Disentangling factors of variation using few labels. 8th International Conference
on Learning Representations. ICLR: International Conference on Learning Representations.'
mla: Locatello, Francesco, et al. “Disentangling Factors of Variation Using Few
Labels.” 8th International Conference on Learning Representations, 2019.
short: F. Locatello, M. Tschannen, S. Bauer, G. Rätsch, B. Schölkopf, O. Bachem,
in:, 8th International Conference on Learning Representations, 2019.
conference:
end_date: 2020-05-01
location: Virtual
name: 'ICLR: International Conference on Learning Representations'
start_date: 2020-04-26
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:06:37Z
date_published: 2019-12-20T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-12T07:01:34Z
day: '20'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1905.01258'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.01258
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: 8th International Conference on Learning Representations
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Disentangling factors of variation using few labels
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '14189'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We consider the problem of recovering a common latent source with independent\r\ncomponents
from multiple views. This applies to settings in which a variable is\r\nmeasured
with multiple experimental modalities, and where the goal is to\r\nsynthesize
the disparate measurements into a single unified representation. We\r\nconsider
the case that the observed views are a nonlinear mixing of\r\ncomponent-wise corruptions
of the sources. When the views are considered\r\nseparately, this reduces to nonlinear
Independent Component Analysis (ICA) for\r\nwhich it is provably impossible to
undo the mixing. We present novel\r\nidentifiability proofs that this is possible
when the multiple views are\r\nconsidered jointly, showing that the mixing can
theoretically be undone using\r\nfunction approximators such as deep neural networks.
In contrast to known\r\nidentifiability results for nonlinear ICA, we prove that
independent latent\r\nsources with arbitrary mixing can be recovered as long as
multiple,\r\nsufficiently different noisy views are available."
alternative_title:
- PMLR
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Luigi
full_name: Gresele, Luigi
last_name: Gresele
- first_name: Paul K.
full_name: Rubenstein, Paul K.
last_name: Rubenstein
- first_name: Arash
full_name: Mehrjou, Arash
last_name: Mehrjou
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
citation:
ama: 'Gresele L, Rubenstein PK, Mehrjou A, Locatello F, Schölkopf B. The incomplete
Rosetta Stone problem: Identifiability results for multi-view nonlinear ICA. In:
Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence.
Vol 115. ML Research Press; 2019:217-227.'
apa: 'Gresele, L., Rubenstein, P. K., Mehrjou, A., Locatello, F., & Schölkopf,
B. (2019). The incomplete Rosetta Stone problem: Identifiability results for multi-view
nonlinear ICA. In Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial
Intelligence (Vol. 115, pp. 217–227). Tel Aviv, Israel: ML Research Press.'
chicago: 'Gresele, Luigi, Paul K. Rubenstein, Arash Mehrjou, Francesco Locatello,
and Bernhard Schölkopf. “The Incomplete Rosetta Stone Problem: Identifiability
Results for Multi-View Nonlinear ICA.” In Proceedings of the 35th Conference
on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, 115:217–27. ML Research Press,
2019.'
ieee: 'L. Gresele, P. K. Rubenstein, A. Mehrjou, F. Locatello, and B. Schölkopf,
“The incomplete Rosetta Stone problem: Identifiability results for multi-view
nonlinear ICA,” in Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial
Intelligence, Tel Aviv, Israel, 2019, vol. 115, pp. 217–227.'
ista: 'Gresele L, Rubenstein PK, Mehrjou A, Locatello F, Schölkopf B. 2019. The
incomplete Rosetta Stone problem: Identifiability results for multi-view nonlinear
ICA. Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence.
UAI: Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, PMLR, vol. 115, 217–227.'
mla: 'Gresele, Luigi, et al. “The Incomplete Rosetta Stone Problem: Identifiability
Results for Multi-View Nonlinear ICA.” Proceedings of the 35th Conference on
Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence, vol. 115, ML Research Press, 2019,
pp. 217–27.'
short: L. Gresele, P.K. Rubenstein, A. Mehrjou, F. Locatello, B. Schölkopf, in:,
Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence,
ML Research Press, 2019, pp. 217–227.
conference:
end_date: 2019-07-25
location: Tel Aviv, Israel
name: 'UAI: Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence'
start_date: 2019-07-22
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:08:35Z
date_published: 2019-05-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-12T08:07:38Z
day: '16'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1905.06642'
intvolume: ' 115'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.06642
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 217-227
publication: Proceedings of the 35th Conference on Uncertainty in Artificial Intelligence
publication_status: published
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The incomplete Rosetta Stone problem: Identifiability results for multi-view
nonlinear ICA'
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 115
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '14190'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Learning meaningful and compact representations with disentangled semantic\r\naspects
is considered to be of key importance in representation learning. Since\r\nreal-world
data is notoriously costly to collect, many recent state-of-the-art\r\ndisentanglement
models have heavily relied on synthetic toy data-sets. In this\r\npaper, we propose
a novel data-set which consists of over one million images of\r\nphysical 3D objects
with seven factors of variation, such as object color,\r\nshape, size and position.
In order to be able to control all the factors of\r\nvariation precisely, we built
an experimental platform where the objects are\r\nbeing moved by a robotic arm.
In addition, we provide two more datasets which\r\nconsist of simulations of the
experimental setup. These datasets provide for\r\nthe first time the possibility
to systematically investigate how well different\r\ndisentanglement methods perform
on real data in comparison to simulation, and\r\nhow simulated data can be leveraged
to build better representations of the real\r\nworld. We provide a first experimental
study of these questions and our results\r\nindicate that learned models transfer
poorly, but that model and hyperparameter\r\nselection is an effective means of
transferring information to the real world."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Muhammad Waleed
full_name: Gondal, Muhammad Waleed
last_name: Gondal
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Wüthrich, Manuel
last_name: Wüthrich
- first_name: Đorđe
full_name: Miladinović, Đorđe
last_name: Miladinović
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Breidt, Martin
last_name: Breidt
- first_name: Valentin
full_name: Volchkov, Valentin
last_name: Volchkov
- first_name: Joel
full_name: Akpo, Joel
last_name: Akpo
- first_name: Olivier
full_name: Bachem, Olivier
last_name: Bachem
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Bauer, Stefan
last_name: Bauer
citation:
ama: 'Gondal MW, Wüthrich M, Miladinović Đ, et al. On the transfer of inductive
bias from simulation to the real world: a new disentanglement dataset. In: Advances
in Neural Information Processing Systems. Vol 32. ; 2019.'
apa: 'Gondal, M. W., Wüthrich, M., Miladinović, Đ., Locatello, F., Breidt, M., Volchkov,
V., … Bauer, S. (2019). On the transfer of inductive bias from simulation to the
real world: a new disentanglement dataset. In Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems (Vol. 32). Vancouver, Canada.'
chicago: 'Gondal, Muhammad Waleed, Manuel Wüthrich, Đorđe Miladinović, Francesco
Locatello, Martin Breidt, Valentin Volchkov, Joel Akpo, Olivier Bachem, Bernhard
Schölkopf, and Stefan Bauer. “On the Transfer of Inductive Bias from Simulation
to the Real World: A New Disentanglement Dataset.” In Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems, Vol. 32, 2019.'
ieee: 'M. W. Gondal et al., “On the transfer of inductive bias from simulation
to the real world: a new disentanglement dataset,” in Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems, Vancouver, Canada, 2019, vol. 32.'
ista: 'Gondal MW, Wüthrich M, Miladinović Đ, Locatello F, Breidt M, Volchkov V,
Akpo J, Bachem O, Schölkopf B, Bauer S. 2019. On the transfer of inductive bias
from simulation to the real world: a new disentanglement dataset. Advances in
Neural Information Processing Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing
Systems vol. 32.'
mla: 'Gondal, Muhammad Waleed, et al. “On the Transfer of Inductive Bias from Simulation
to the Real World: A New Disentanglement Dataset.” Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems, vol. 32, 2019.'
short: M.W. Gondal, M. Wüthrich, Đ. Miladinović, F. Locatello, M. Breidt, V. Volchkov,
J. Akpo, O. Bachem, B. Schölkopf, S. Bauer, in:, Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems, 2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-12-14
location: Vancouver, Canada
name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
start_date: 2019-12-08
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:09:13Z
date_published: 2019-06-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-13T09:46:38Z
day: '07'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1906.03292'
intvolume: ' 32'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1906.03292
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9781713807933'
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'On the transfer of inductive bias from simulation to the real world: a new
disentanglement dataset'
type: conference
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 32
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '14191'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: A broad class of convex optimization problems can be formulated as a semidefinite
program (SDP), minimization of a convex function over the positive-semidefinite
cone subject to some affine constraints. The majority of classical SDP solvers
are designed for the deterministic setting where problem data is readily available.
In this setting, generalized conditional gradient methods (aka Frank-Wolfe-type
methods) provide scalable solutions by leveraging the so-called linear minimization
oracle instead of the projection onto the semidefinite cone. Most problems in
machine learning and modern engineering applications, however, contain some degree
of stochasticity. In this work, we propose the first conditional-gradient-type
method for solving stochastic optimization problems under affine constraints.
Our method guarantees O(k−1/3) convergence rate in expectation on the objective
residual and O(k−5/12) on the feasibility gap.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Alp
full_name: Yurtsever, Alp
last_name: Yurtsever
- first_name: Olivier
full_name: Fercoq, Olivier
last_name: Fercoq
- first_name: Volkan
full_name: Cevher, Volkan
last_name: Cevher
citation:
ama: 'Locatello F, Yurtsever A, Fercoq O, Cevher V. Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for composite
convex minimization. In: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems.
Vol 32. ; 2019:14291–14301.'
apa: Locatello, F., Yurtsever, A., Fercoq, O., & Cevher, V. (2019). Stochastic
Frank-Wolfe for composite convex minimization. In Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems (Vol. 32, pp. 14291–14301). Vancouver, Canada.
chicago: Locatello, Francesco, Alp Yurtsever, Olivier Fercoq, and Volkan Cevher.
“Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for Composite Convex Minimization.” In Advances in
Neural Information Processing Systems, 32:14291–14301, 2019.
ieee: F. Locatello, A. Yurtsever, O. Fercoq, and V. Cevher, “Stochastic Frank-Wolfe
for composite convex minimization,” in Advances in Neural Information Processing
Systems, Vancouver, Canada, 2019, vol. 32, pp. 14291–14301.
ista: 'Locatello F, Yurtsever A, Fercoq O, Cevher V. 2019. Stochastic Frank-Wolfe
for composite convex minimization. Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems.
NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems vol. 32, 14291–14301.'
mla: Locatello, Francesco, et al. “Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for Composite Convex Minimization.”
Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 32, 2019, pp. 14291–14301.
short: F. Locatello, A. Yurtsever, O. Fercoq, V. Cevher, in:, Advances in Neural
Information Processing Systems, 2019, pp. 14291–14301.
conference:
end_date: 2019-12-14
location: Vancouver, Canada
name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
start_date: 2019-12-08
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:09:35Z
date_published: 2019-12-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-12T08:48:45Z
day: '29'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1901.10348'
intvolume: ' 32'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1901.10348
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 14291–14301
publication: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9781713807933'
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Stochastic Frank-Wolfe for composite convex minimization
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 32
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '14193'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "A disentangled representation encodes information about the salient factors\r\nof
variation in the data independently. Although it is often argued that this\r\nrepresentational
format is useful in learning to solve many real-world\r\ndown-stream tasks, there
is little empirical evidence that supports this claim.\r\nIn this paper, we conduct
a large-scale study that investigates whether\r\ndisentangled representations
are more suitable for abstract reasoning tasks.\r\nUsing two new tasks similar
to Raven's Progressive Matrices, we evaluate the\r\nusefulness of the representations
learned by 360 state-of-the-art unsupervised\r\ndisentanglement models. Based
on these representations, we train 3600 abstract\r\nreasoning models and observe
that disentangled representations do in fact lead\r\nto better down-stream performance.
In particular, they enable quicker learning\r\nusing fewer samples."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Sjoerd van
full_name: Steenkiste, Sjoerd van
last_name: Steenkiste
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Jürgen
full_name: Schmidhuber, Jürgen
last_name: Schmidhuber
- first_name: Olivier
full_name: Bachem, Olivier
last_name: Bachem
citation:
ama: 'Steenkiste S van, Locatello F, Schmidhuber J, Bachem O. Are disentangled representations
helpful for abstract visual reasoning? In: Advances in Neural Information Processing
Systems. Vol 32. ; 2019.'
apa: Steenkiste, S. van, Locatello, F., Schmidhuber, J., & Bachem, O. (2019).
Are disentangled representations helpful for abstract visual reasoning? In Advances
in Neural Information Processing Systems (Vol. 32). Vancouver, Canada.
chicago: Steenkiste, Sjoerd van, Francesco Locatello, Jürgen Schmidhuber, and Olivier
Bachem. “Are Disentangled Representations Helpful for Abstract Visual Reasoning?”
In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, Vol. 32, 2019.
ieee: S. van Steenkiste, F. Locatello, J. Schmidhuber, and O. Bachem, “Are disentangled
representations helpful for abstract visual reasoning?,” in Advances in Neural
Information Processing Systems, Vancouver, Canada, 2019, vol. 32.
ista: 'Steenkiste S van, Locatello F, Schmidhuber J, Bachem O. 2019. Are disentangled
representations helpful for abstract visual reasoning? Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems vol. 32.'
mla: Steenkiste, Sjoerd van, et al. “Are Disentangled Representations Helpful for
Abstract Visual Reasoning?” Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems,
vol. 32, 2019.
short: S. van Steenkiste, F. Locatello, J. Schmidhuber, O. Bachem, in:, Advances
in Neural Information Processing Systems, 2019.
conference:
end_date: 2019-12-14
location: Vancouver, Canada
name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
start_date: 2019-12-08
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:09:53Z
date_published: 2019-05-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-14T12:28:15Z
day: '29'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1905.12506'
intvolume: ' 32'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1905.12506
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9781713807933'
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: Are disentangled representations helpful for abstract visual reasoning?
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 32
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '14197'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Recently there has been a significant interest in learning disentangled\r\nrepresentations,
as they promise increased interpretability, generalization to\r\nunseen scenarios
and faster learning on downstream tasks. In this paper, we\r\ninvestigate the
usefulness of different notions of disentanglement for\r\nimproving the fairness
of downstream prediction tasks based on representations.\r\nWe consider the setting
where the goal is to predict a target variable based on\r\nthe learned representation
of high-dimensional observations (such as images)\r\nthat depend on both the target
variable and an \\emph{unobserved} sensitive\r\nvariable. We show that in this
setting both the optimal and empirical\r\npredictions can be unfair, even if the
target variable and the sensitive\r\nvariable are independent. Analyzing the representations
of more than\r\n\\num{12600} trained state-of-the-art disentangled models, we
observe that\r\nseveral disentanglement scores are consistently correlated with
increased\r\nfairness, suggesting that disentanglement may be a useful property
to encourage\r\nfairness when sensitive variables are not observed."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Abbati, Gabriele
last_name: Abbati
- first_name: Tom
full_name: Rainforth, Tom
last_name: Rainforth
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Bauer, Stefan
last_name: Bauer
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
- first_name: Olivier
full_name: Bachem, Olivier
last_name: Bachem
citation:
ama: 'Locatello F, Abbati G, Rainforth T, Bauer S, Schölkopf B, Bachem O. On the
fairness of disentangled representations. In: Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems. Vol 32. ; 2019:14611–14624.'
apa: Locatello, F., Abbati, G., Rainforth, T., Bauer, S., Schölkopf, B., & Bachem,
O. (2019). On the fairness of disentangled representations. In Advances in
Neural Information Processing Systems (Vol. 32, pp. 14611–14624). Vancouver,
Canada.
chicago: Locatello, Francesco, Gabriele Abbati, Tom Rainforth, Stefan Bauer, Bernhard
Schölkopf, and Olivier Bachem. “On the Fairness of Disentangled Representations.”
In Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 32:14611–14624, 2019.
ieee: F. Locatello, G. Abbati, T. Rainforth, S. Bauer, B. Schölkopf, and O. Bachem,
“On the fairness of disentangled representations,” in Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems, Vancouver, Canada, 2019, vol. 32, pp. 14611–14624.
ista: 'Locatello F, Abbati G, Rainforth T, Bauer S, Schölkopf B, Bachem O. 2019.
On the fairness of disentangled representations. Advances in Neural Information
Processing Systems. NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems vol. 32, 14611–14624.'
mla: Locatello, Francesco, et al. “On the Fairness of Disentangled Representations.”
Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, vol. 32, 2019, pp. 14611–14624.
short: F. Locatello, G. Abbati, T. Rainforth, S. Bauer, B. Schölkopf, O. Bachem,
in:, Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems, 2019, pp. 14611–14624.
conference:
end_date: 2019-12-14
location: Vancouver, Canada
name: 'NeurIPS: Neural Information Processing Systems'
start_date: 2019-12-08
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:12:28Z
date_published: 2019-12-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-14T12:29:05Z
day: '08'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1905.13662'
intvolume: ' 32'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1905.13662
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 14611–14624
publication: Advances in Neural Information Processing Systems
publication_identifier:
isbn:
- '9781713807933'
publication_status: published
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: On the fairness of disentangled representations
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 32
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '14200'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The key idea behind the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations\r\nis
that real-world data is generated by a few explanatory factors of variation\r\nwhich
can be recovered by unsupervised learning algorithms. In this paper, we\r\nprovide
a sober look at recent progress in the field and challenge some common\r\nassumptions.
We first theoretically show that the unsupervised learning of\r\ndisentangled
representations is fundamentally impossible without inductive\r\nbiases on both
the models and the data. Then, we train more than 12000 models\r\ncovering most
prominent methods and evaluation metrics in a reproducible\r\nlarge-scale experimental
study on seven different data sets. We observe that\r\nwhile the different methods
successfully enforce properties ``encouraged'' by\r\nthe corresponding losses,
well-disentangled models seemingly cannot be\r\nidentified without supervision.
Furthermore, increased disentanglement does not\r\nseem to lead to a decreased
sample complexity of learning for downstream tasks.\r\nOur results suggest that
future work on disentanglement learning should be\r\nexplicit about the role of
inductive biases and (implicit) supervision,\r\ninvestigate concrete benefits
of enforcing disentanglement of the learned\r\nrepresentations, and consider a
reproducible experimental setup covering\r\nseveral data sets."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Francesco
full_name: Locatello, Francesco
id: 26cfd52f-2483-11ee-8040-88983bcc06d4
last_name: Locatello
orcid: 0000-0002-4850-0683
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Bauer, Stefan
last_name: Bauer
- first_name: Mario
full_name: Lucic, Mario
last_name: Lucic
- first_name: Gunnar
full_name: Rätsch, Gunnar
last_name: Rätsch
- first_name: Sylvain
full_name: Gelly, Sylvain
last_name: Gelly
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Schölkopf, Bernhard
last_name: Schölkopf
- first_name: Olivier
full_name: Bachem, Olivier
last_name: Bachem
citation:
ama: 'Locatello F, Bauer S, Lucic M, et al. Challenging common assumptions in the
unsupervised learning of disentangled representations. In: Proceedings of the
36th International Conference on Machine Learning. Vol 97. ML Research Press;
2019:4114-4124.'
apa: 'Locatello, F., Bauer, S., Lucic, M., Rätsch, G., Gelly, S., Schölkopf, B.,
& Bachem, O. (2019). Challenging common assumptions in the unsupervised learning
of disentangled representations. In Proceedings of the 36th International Conference
on Machine Learning (Vol. 97, pp. 4114–4124). Long Beach, CA, United States:
ML Research Press.'
chicago: Locatello, Francesco, Stefan Bauer, Mario Lucic, Gunnar Rätsch, Sylvain
Gelly, Bernhard Schölkopf, and Olivier Bachem. “Challenging Common Assumptions
in the Unsupervised Learning of Disentangled Representations.” In Proceedings
of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning, 97:4114–24. ML Research
Press, 2019.
ieee: F. Locatello et al., “Challenging common assumptions in the unsupervised
learning of disentangled representations,” in Proceedings of the 36th International
Conference on Machine Learning, Long Beach, CA, United States, 2019, vol.
97, pp. 4114–4124.
ista: Locatello F, Bauer S, Lucic M, Rätsch G, Gelly S, Schölkopf B, Bachem O. 2019.
Challenging common assumptions in the unsupervised learning of disentangled representations.
Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning. International
Conference on Machine Learning vol. 97, 4114–4124.
mla: Locatello, Francesco, et al. “Challenging Common Assumptions in the Unsupervised
Learning of Disentangled Representations.” Proceedings of the 36th International
Conference on Machine Learning, vol. 97, ML Research Press, 2019, pp. 4114–24.
short: F. Locatello, S. Bauer, M. Lucic, G. Rätsch, S. Gelly, B. Schölkopf, O. Bachem,
in:, Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning, ML
Research Press, 2019, pp. 4114–4124.
conference:
end_date: 2019-06-15
location: Long Beach, CA, United States
name: International Conference on Machine Learning
start_date: 2019-06-10
date_created: 2023-08-22T14:13:08Z
date_published: 2019-06-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-14T12:29:16Z
day: '09'
department:
- _id: FrLo
extern: '1'
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1811.12359'
intvolume: ' 97'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1811.12359
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 4114-4124
publication: Proceedings of the 36th International Conference on Machine Learning
publication_status: published
publisher: ML Research Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Challenging common assumptions in the unsupervised learning of disentangled
representations
type: conference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 97
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '12901'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Alois
full_name: Schlögl, Alois
id: 45BF87EE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Schlögl
orcid: 0000-0002-5621-8100
- first_name: Janos
full_name: Kiss, Janos
id: 3D3A06F8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Kiss
- first_name: Stefano
full_name: Elefante, Stefano
id: 490F40CE-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Elefante
citation:
ama: 'Schlögl A, Kiss J, Elefante S. Is Debian suitable for running an HPC Cluster?
In: AHPC19 - Austrian HPC Meeting 2019 . Institut für Mathematik und wissenschaftliches
Rechnen der Universität Graz; 2019:25.'
apa: 'Schlögl, A., Kiss, J., & Elefante, S. (2019). Is Debian suitable for running
an HPC Cluster? In AHPC19 - Austrian HPC Meeting 2019 (p. 25). Grundlsee,
Austria: Institut für Mathematik und wissenschaftliches Rechnen der Universität
Graz.'
chicago: Schlögl, Alois, Janos Kiss, and Stefano Elefante. “Is Debian Suitable for
Running an HPC Cluster?” In AHPC19 - Austrian HPC Meeting 2019 , 25. Institut
für Mathematik und wissenschaftliches Rechnen der Universität Graz, 2019.
ieee: A. Schlögl, J. Kiss, and S. Elefante, “Is Debian suitable for running an HPC
Cluster?,” in AHPC19 - Austrian HPC Meeting 2019 , Grundlsee, Austria,
2019, p. 25.
ista: 'Schlögl A, Kiss J, Elefante S. 2019. Is Debian suitable for running an HPC
Cluster? AHPC19 - Austrian HPC Meeting 2019 . AHPC: Austrian HPC Meeting, 25.'
mla: Schlögl, Alois, et al. “Is Debian Suitable for Running an HPC Cluster?” AHPC19
- Austrian HPC Meeting 2019 , Institut für Mathematik und wissenschaftliches
Rechnen der Universität Graz, 2019, p. 25.
short: A. Schlögl, J. Kiss, S. Elefante, in:, AHPC19 - Austrian HPC Meeting 2019
, Institut für Mathematik und wissenschaftliches Rechnen der Universität Graz,
2019, p. 25.
conference:
end_date: 2019-02-27
location: Grundlsee, Austria
name: 'AHPC: Austrian HPC Meeting'
start_date: 2019-02-25
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2023-05-05T12:48:48Z
date_published: 2019-02-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2024-10-09T21:05:24Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '000'
department:
- _id: ScienComp
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: acc8272027faaf30709c51ac5c58ffa4
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2023-05-16T07:27:09Z
date_updated: 2023-05-16T07:27:09Z
file_id: '12970'
file_name: 2019_AHPC_Schloegl.pdf
file_size: 1097603
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2023-05-16T07:27:09Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://vsc.ac.at/fileadmin/user_upload/vsc/conferences/ahpc19/BOOKLET_AHPC19.pdf
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '25'
publication: 'AHPC19 - Austrian HPC Meeting 2019 '
publication_status: published
publisher: Institut für Mathematik und wissenschaftliches Rechnen der Universität
Graz
status: public
title: Is Debian suitable for running an HPC Cluster?
type: conference_abstract
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '13067'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Genetic incompatibilities contribute to reproductive isolation between many
diverging populations, but it is still unclear to what extent they play a role
if divergence happens with gene flow. In contact zones between the "Crab" and
"Wave" ecotypes of the snail Littorina saxatilis divergent selection forms strong
barriers to gene flow, while the role of postzygotic barriers due to selection
against hybrids remains unclear. High embryo abortion rates in this species could
indicate the presence of such barriers. Postzygotic barriers might include genetic
incompatibilities (e.g. Dobzhansky-Muller incompatibilities) but also maladaptation,
both expected to be most pronounced in contact zones. In addition, embryo abortion
might reflect physiological stress on females and embryos independent of any genetic
stress. We examined all embryos of >500 females sampled outside and inside
contact zones of three populations in Sweden. Females' clutch size ranged from
0 to 1011 embryos (mean 130±123) and abortion rates varied between 0 and100% (mean
12%). We described female genotypes by using a hybrid index based on hundreds
of SNPs differentiated between ecotypes with which we characterised female genotypes.
We also calculated female SNP heterozygosity and inversion karyotype. Clutch size
did not vary with female hybrid index and abortion rates were only weakly related
to hybrid index in two sites but not at all in a third site. No additional variation
in abortion rate was explained by female SNP heterozygosity, but increased female
inversion heterozygosity added slightly to increased abortion. Our results show
only weak and probably biologically insignificant postzygotic barriers contributing
to ecotype divergence and the high and variable abortion rates were marginally,
if at all, explained by hybrid index of females.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Kerstin
full_name: Johannesson, Kerstin
last_name: Johannesson
- first_name: Zuzanna
full_name: Zagrodzka, Zuzanna
last_name: Zagrodzka
- first_name: Rui
full_name: Faria, Rui
last_name: Faria
- first_name: Anja M
full_name: Westram, Anja M
id: 3C147470-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Westram
orcid: 0000-0003-1050-4969
- first_name: Roger
full_name: Butlin, Roger
last_name: Butlin
citation:
ama: 'Johannesson K, Zagrodzka Z, Faria R, Westram AM, Butlin R. Data from: Is embryo
abortion a postzygotic barrier to gene flow between Littorina ecotypes? 2019.
doi:10.5061/DRYAD.TB2RBNZWK'
apa: 'Johannesson, K., Zagrodzka, Z., Faria, R., Westram, A. M., & Butlin, R.
(2019). Data from: Is embryo abortion a postzygotic barrier to gene flow between
Littorina ecotypes? Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.TB2RBNZWK'
chicago: 'Johannesson, Kerstin, Zuzanna Zagrodzka, Rui Faria, Anja M Westram, and
Roger Butlin. “Data from: Is Embryo Abortion a Postzygotic Barrier to Gene Flow
between Littorina Ecotypes?” Dryad, 2019. https://doi.org/10.5061/DRYAD.TB2RBNZWK.'
ieee: 'K. Johannesson, Z. Zagrodzka, R. Faria, A. M. Westram, and R. Butlin, “Data
from: Is embryo abortion a postzygotic barrier to gene flow between Littorina
ecotypes?” Dryad, 2019.'
ista: 'Johannesson K, Zagrodzka Z, Faria R, Westram AM, Butlin R. 2019. Data from:
Is embryo abortion a postzygotic barrier to gene flow between Littorina ecotypes?,
Dryad, 10.5061/DRYAD.TB2RBNZWK.'
mla: 'Johannesson, Kerstin, et al. Data from: Is Embryo Abortion a Postzygotic
Barrier to Gene Flow between Littorina Ecotypes? Dryad, 2019, doi:10.5061/DRYAD.TB2RBNZWK.'
short: K. Johannesson, Z. Zagrodzka, R. Faria, A.M. Westram, R. Butlin, (2019).
date_created: 2023-05-23T16:36:27Z
date_published: 2019-12-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-07-10T11:54:22Z
day: '02'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.5061/DRYAD.TB2RBNZWK
license: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.tb2rbnzwk
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publisher: Dryad
related_material:
record:
- id: '7205'
relation: used_in_publication
status: public
status: public
title: 'Data from: Is embryo abortion a postzygotic barrier to gene flow between Littorina
ecotypes?'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_0.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/publicdomain/zero/1.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Public Domain Dedication (CC0 1.0)
short: CC0 (1.0)
type: research_data_reference
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '19987'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'These lecture notes are based on Yang’s talk at the MATRIX program Geometric
R-Matrices: from Geometry to Probability, at the University of Melbourne, Dec.
18–22, 2017, and Zhao’s talk at Perimeter Institute for Theoretical Physics in
January 2018. We give an introductory survey of the results in Yang and Zhao (Quiver
varieties and elliptic quantum groups, 2017. arxiv1708.01418). We discuss a sheafified
elliptic quantum group associated to any symmetric Kac-Moody Lie algebra. The
sheafification is obtained by applying the equivariant elliptic cohomological
theory to the moduli space of representations of a preprojective algebra. By construction,
the elliptic quantum group naturally acts on the equivariant elliptic cohomology
of Nakajima quiver varieties. As an application, we obtain a relation between
the sheafified elliptic quantum group and the global affine Grassmannian over
an elliptic curve.'
acknowledgement: 'Y.Y. would like to thank the organizers of the MATRIX program Geometric
R-Matrices: from Geometry to Probability for their kind invitation, and many participants
of the program for useful discussions, including Vassily Gorbounov, Andrei Okounkov,
Allen Knutson, Hitoshi Konno, Paul Zinn-Justin. Proposition 1 and Sect. 3.3 are
new, for which we thank Hitoshi Konno for interesting discussions and communications.
These notes were written when both authors were visiting the Perimeter Institute
for Theoretical Physics (PI). We are grateful to PI for the hospitality.'
alternative_title:
- MATRIX Book Series
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Yaping
full_name: Yang, Yaping
id: 360D8648-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Yang
- first_name: Gufang
full_name: Zhao, Gufang
id: 2BC2AC5E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zhao
citation:
ama: 'Yang Y, Zhao G. How to Sheafify an Elliptic Quantum Group. In: 2017 MATRIX
Annals. Vol 2. MXBS. Cham: Springer International Publishing; 2019:675-691.
doi:10.1007/978-3-030-04161-8_54'
apa: 'Yang, Y., & Zhao, G. (2019). How to Sheafify an Elliptic Quantum Group.
In 2017 MATRIX Annals (Vol. 2, pp. 675–691). Cham: Springer International
Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04161-8_54'
chicago: 'Yang, Yaping, and Gufang Zhao. “How to Sheafify an Elliptic Quantum Group.”
In 2017 MATRIX Annals, 2:675–91. MXBS. Cham: Springer International Publishing,
2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-030-04161-8_54.'
ieee: 'Y. Yang and G. Zhao, “How to Sheafify an Elliptic Quantum Group,” in 2017
MATRIX Annals, vol. 2, Cham: Springer International Publishing, 2019, pp.
675–691.'
ista: 'Yang Y, Zhao G. 2019.How to Sheafify an Elliptic Quantum Group. In: 2017
MATRIX Annals. MATRIX Book Series, vol. 2, 675–691.'
mla: Yang, Yaping, and Gufang Zhao. “How to Sheafify an Elliptic Quantum Group.”
2017 MATRIX Annals, vol. 2, Springer International Publishing, 2019, pp.
675–91, doi:10.1007/978-3-030-04161-8_54.
short: Y. Yang, G. Zhao, in:, 2017 MATRIX Annals, Springer International Publishing,
Cham, 2019, pp. 675–691.
date_created: 2025-07-10T13:31:38Z
date_published: 2019-03-25T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-23T11:59:52Z
day: '25'
department:
- _id: TaHa
doi: 10.1007/978-3-030-04161-8_54
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1803.06627'
intvolume: ' 2'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1803.06627
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 675-691
place: Cham
publication: 2017 MATRIX Annals
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- '9783030041618'
eissn:
- 2523-305X
isbn:
- '9783030041601'
issn:
- 2523-3041
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer International Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: MXBS
status: public
title: How to Sheafify an Elliptic Quantum Group
type: book_chapter
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 2
year: '2019'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '19988'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Quantitative studies of cell metabolism are often based on large chemical
reaction network models. A steady-state approach is suited to analyze phenomena
on the timescale of cell growth and circumvents the problem of incomplete experimental
knowledge on kinetic laws and parameters, but it should be supported by a correct
implementation of thermodynamic constraints. In this chapter, we review the latter
aspect, highlighting its computational challenges and physical insights. The simple
introduction of Gibbs inequalities avoids the presence of unfeasible loops allowing
for correct timescale analysis, but leads to possibly non-convex feasible flux
spaces whose exploration needs efficient algorithms. We briefly review the implementation
of thermodynamics through variational principles in constraint-based models of
metabolic networks.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: A
full_name: De Martino, A
last_name: De Martino
- first_name: Daniele
full_name: De Martino, Daniele
id: 3FF5848A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: De Martino
orcid: 0000-0002-5214-4706
- first_name: E
full_name: Marinari, E
last_name: Marinari
citation:
ama: 'De Martino A, De Martino D, Marinari E. The Essential Role of Thermodynamics
in Metabolic Network Modeling: Physical Insights and Computational Challenges.
In: Chemical Kinetics. World Scientific Publishing; 2019:455-471. doi:10.1142/9781786347015_0018'
apa: 'De Martino, A., De Martino, D., & Marinari, E. (2019). The Essential Role
of Thermodynamics in Metabolic Network Modeling: Physical Insights and Computational
Challenges. In Chemical Kinetics (pp. 455–471). World Scientific Publishing.
https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786347015_0018'
chicago: 'De Martino, A, Daniele De Martino, and E Marinari. “The Essential Role
of Thermodynamics in Metabolic Network Modeling: Physical Insights and Computational
Challenges.” In Chemical Kinetics, 455–71. World Scientific Publishing,
2019. https://doi.org/10.1142/9781786347015_0018.'
ieee: 'A. De Martino, D. De Martino, and E. Marinari, “The Essential Role of Thermodynamics
in Metabolic Network Modeling: Physical Insights and Computational Challenges,”
in Chemical Kinetics, World Scientific Publishing, 2019, pp. 455–471.'
ista: 'De Martino A, De Martino D, Marinari E. 2019.The Essential Role of Thermodynamics
in Metabolic Network Modeling: Physical Insights and Computational Challenges.
In: Chemical Kinetics. , 455–471.'
mla: 'De Martino, A., et al. “The Essential Role of Thermodynamics in Metabolic
Network Modeling: Physical Insights and Computational Challenges.” Chemical
Kinetics, World Scientific Publishing, 2019, pp. 455–71, doi:10.1142/9781786347015_0018.'
short: A. De Martino, D. De Martino, E. Marinari, in:, Chemical Kinetics, World
Scientific Publishing, 2019, pp. 455–471.
date_created: 2025-07-10T13:34:01Z
date_published: 2019-09-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-23T11:53:34Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: GaTk
doi: 10.1142/9781786347015_0018
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1902.07129'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.1902.07129
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 455-471
publication: Chemical Kinetics
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- '9781786347022'
isbn:
- '9781786347008'
publication_status: published
publisher: World Scientific Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
status: public
title: 'The Essential Role of Thermodynamics in Metabolic Network Modeling: Physical
Insights and Computational Challenges'
type: book_chapter
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...
---
OA_type: closed access
_id: '19989'
abstract:
- lang: ger
text: Neurone empfangen Eingangssignale, konvertieren diese in Aktionspotenziale
und generieren schließlich Ausgangssignale auf ihren Zielzellen. Dabei sind die
zu überwindenden räumlichen Distanzen oft groß. Daher ist entscheidend, dass elektrische
Signale in Nervenzellen schnell von einem zum anderen Ort geleitet werden können.
Diese wichtige Aufgabe erfüllt das Axon, der „Ausgangsfortsatz“ der Nervenzelle.
Für die schnelle Leitung des Aktionspotenzials sind sowohl die passiven Eigenschaften
des axonalen Kabels als auch die aktiven Eigenschaften der Zellmembran von entscheidender
Bedeutung. Die Evolution bedient sich zweier Tricks, um die Leitungsgeschwindigkeit
des Aktionspotenzials zu maximieren. Der eine Trick ist die Zunahme des Axondurchmessers.
Der andere Trick ist die Ausbildung von Markscheiden. Dies führt bei nahezu gleichem
Platzbedarf zu einer Zunahme der Leistungsgeschwindigkeit um fast zwei Größenordnungen.
Die Aktionspotenzialleitung an myelinisierten Axonen erfolgt „saltatorisch“.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Peter M
full_name: Jonas, Peter M
id: 353C1B58-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Jonas
orcid: 0000-0001-5001-4804
citation:
ama: 'Jonas PM. Aktionspotenzial: Fortleitung im Axon. In: Physiologie des Menschen.
32nd ed. Springer-Lehrbuch. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Nature; 2019:72-82. doi:10.1007/978-3-662-56468-4_7'
apa: 'Jonas, P. M. (2019). Aktionspotenzial: Fortleitung im Axon. In Physiologie
des Menschen (32nd ed., pp. 72–82). Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56468-4_7'
chicago: 'Jonas, Peter M. “Aktionspotenzial: Fortleitung im Axon.” In Physiologie
des Menschen, 32nd ed., 72–82. Springer-Lehrbuch. Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer
Nature, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1007/978-3-662-56468-4_7.'
ieee: 'P. M. Jonas, “Aktionspotenzial: Fortleitung im Axon,” in Physiologie des
Menschen, 32nd ed., Berlin, Heidelberg: Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 72–82.'
ista: 'Jonas PM. 2019.Aktionspotenzial: Fortleitung im Axon. In: Physiologie des
Menschen. , 72–82.'
mla: 'Jonas, Peter M. “Aktionspotenzial: Fortleitung im Axon.” Physiologie des
Menschen, 32nd ed., Springer Nature, 2019, pp. 72–82, doi:10.1007/978-3-662-56468-4_7.'
short: P.M. Jonas, in:, Physiologie des Menschen, 32nd ed., Springer Nature, Berlin,
Heidelberg, 2019, pp. 72–82.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2025-07-10T13:36:36Z
date_published: 2019-04-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-23T11:44:57Z
day: '02'
department:
- _id: PeJo
doi: 10.1007/978-3-662-56468-4_7
edition: '32'
language:
- iso: ger
month: '04'
oa_version: None
page: 72-82
place: Berlin, Heidelberg
publication: Physiologie des Menschen
publication_identifier:
eisbn:
- '9783662564684'
eissn:
- 2512-5214
isbn:
- '9783662564677'
issn:
- 0937-7433
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
series_title: Springer-Lehrbuch
status: public
title: 'Aktionspotenzial: Fortleitung im Axon'
type: book_chapter
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '196'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'The abelian sandpile serves as a model to study self-organized criticality,
a phenomenon occurring in biological, physical and social processes. The identity
of the abelian group is a fractal composed of self-similar patches, and its limit
is subject of extensive collaborative research. Here, we analyze the evolution
of the sandpile identity under harmonic fields of different orders. We show that
this evolution corresponds to periodic cycles through the abelian group characterized
by the smooth transformation and apparent conservation of the patches constituting
the identity. The dynamics induced by second and third order harmonics resemble
smooth stretchings, respectively translations, of the identity, while the ones
induced by fourth order harmonics resemble magnifications and rotations. Starting
with order three, the dynamics pass through extended regions of seemingly random
configurations which spontaneously reassemble into accentuated patterns. We show
that the space of harmonic functions projects to the extended analogue of the
sandpile group, thus providing a set of universal coordinates identifying configurations
between different domains. Since the original sandpile group is a subgroup of
the extended one, this directly implies that it admits a natural renormalization.
Furthermore, we show that the harmonic fields can be induced by simple Markov
processes, and that the corresponding stochastic dynamics show remarkable robustness
over hundreds of periods. Finally, we encode information into seemingly random
configurations, and decode this information with an algorithm requiring minimal
prior knowledge. Our results suggest that harmonic fields might split the sandpile
group into sub-sets showing different critical coefficients, and that it might
be possible to extend the fractal structure of the identity beyond the boundaries
of its domain. '
acknowledgement: "M.L. is grateful to the members of the C Guet and G Tkacik groups
for valuable comments and support. M.S. is grateful to Nikita Kalinin for inspiring
communications.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Moritz
full_name: Lang, Moritz
id: 29E0800A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Lang
- first_name: Mikhail
full_name: Shkolnikov, Mikhail
id: 35084A62-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Shkolnikov
orcid: 0000-0002-4310-178X
citation:
ama: Lang M, Shkolnikov M. Harmonic dynamics of the Abelian sandpile. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 2019;116(8):2821-2830.
doi:10.1073/pnas.1812015116
apa: Lang, M., & Shkolnikov, M. (2019). Harmonic dynamics of the Abelian sandpile.
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America.
National Academy of Sciences. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812015116
chicago: Lang, Moritz, and Mikhail Shkolnikov. “Harmonic Dynamics of the Abelian
Sandpile.” Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America. National Academy of Sciences, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812015116.
ieee: M. Lang and M. Shkolnikov, “Harmonic dynamics of the Abelian sandpile,” Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America, vol.
116, no. 8. National Academy of Sciences, pp. 2821–2830, 2019.
ista: Lang M, Shkolnikov M. 2019. Harmonic dynamics of the Abelian sandpile. Proceedings
of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America. 116(8), 2821–2830.
mla: Lang, Moritz, and Mikhail Shkolnikov. “Harmonic Dynamics of the Abelian Sandpile.”
Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America,
vol. 116, no. 8, National Academy of Sciences, 2019, pp. 2821–30, doi:10.1073/pnas.1812015116.
short: M. Lang, M. Shkolnikov, Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of
the United States of America 116 (2019) 2821–2830.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:45:08Z
date_published: 2019-02-19T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-06-03T11:18:16Z
day: '19'
department:
- _id: CaGu
- _id: GaTk
- _id: TaHa
doi: 10.1073/pnas.1812015116
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1806.10823'
isi:
- '000459074400013'
pmid:
- ' 30728300'
intvolume: ' 116'
isi: 1
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1073/pnas.1812015116
month: '02'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2821-2830
pmid: 1
publication: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States
of America
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1091-6490
publication_status: published
publisher: National Academy of Sciences
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
link:
- description: News on IST Webpage
relation: press_release
url: https://ist.ac.at/en/news/famous-sandpile-model-shown-to-move-like-a-traveling-sand-dune/
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Harmonic dynamics of the Abelian sandpile
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 116
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '151'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: We construct planar bi-Sobolev mappings whose local volume distortion is bounded
from below by a given function f∈Lp with p>1. More precisely, for any 1<q<(p+1)/2
we construct W1,q-bi-Sobolev maps with identity boundary conditions; for f∈L∞,
we provide bi-Lipschitz maps. The basic building block of our construction are
bi-Lipschitz maps which stretch a given compact subset of the unit square by a
given factor while preserving the boundary. The construction of these stretching
maps relies on a slight strengthening of the celebrated covering result of Alberti,
Csörnyei, and Preiss for measurable planar sets in the case of compact sets. We
apply our result to a model functional in nonlinear elasticity, the integrand
of which features fast blowup as the Jacobian determinant of the deformation becomes
small. For such functionals, the derivation of the equilibrium equations for minimizers
requires an additional regularization of test functions, which our maps provide.
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Julian L
full_name: Fischer, Julian L
id: 2C12A0B0-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fischer
orcid: 0000-0002-0479-558X
- first_name: Olivier
full_name: Kneuss, Olivier
last_name: Kneuss
citation:
ama: Fischer JL, Kneuss O. Bi-Sobolev solutions to the prescribed Jacobian inequality
in the plane with L p data and applications to nonlinear elasticity. Journal
of Differential Equations. 2019;266(1):257-311. doi:10.1016/j.jde.2018.07.045
apa: Fischer, J. L., & Kneuss, O. (2019). Bi-Sobolev solutions to the prescribed
Jacobian inequality in the plane with L p data and applications to nonlinear elasticity.
Journal of Differential Equations. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2018.07.045
chicago: Fischer, Julian L, and Olivier Kneuss. “Bi-Sobolev Solutions to the Prescribed
Jacobian Inequality in the Plane with L p Data and Applications to Nonlinear Elasticity.”
Journal of Differential Equations. Elsevier, 2019. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jde.2018.07.045.
ieee: J. L. Fischer and O. Kneuss, “Bi-Sobolev solutions to the prescribed Jacobian
inequality in the plane with L p data and applications to nonlinear elasticity,”
Journal of Differential Equations, vol. 266, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 257–311,
2019.
ista: Fischer JL, Kneuss O. 2019. Bi-Sobolev solutions to the prescribed Jacobian
inequality in the plane with L p data and applications to nonlinear elasticity.
Journal of Differential Equations. 266(1), 257–311.
mla: Fischer, Julian L., and Olivier Kneuss. “Bi-Sobolev Solutions to the Prescribed
Jacobian Inequality in the Plane with L p Data and Applications to Nonlinear Elasticity.”
Journal of Differential Equations, vol. 266, no. 1, Elsevier, 2019, pp.
257–311, doi:10.1016/j.jde.2018.07.045.
short: J.L. Fischer, O. Kneuss, Journal of Differential Equations 266 (2019) 257–311.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:44:54Z
date_published: 2019-01-05T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-08T13:25:35Z
day: '05'
department:
- _id: JuFi
doi: 10.1016/j.jde.2018.07.045
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1408.1587'
isi:
- '000449108500010'
intvolume: ' 266'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1408.1587
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
page: 257 - 311
publication: Journal of Differential Equations
publication_status: published
publisher: Elsevier
publist_id: '7770'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Bi-Sobolev solutions to the prescribed Jacobian inequality in the plane with
L p data and applications to nonlinear elasticity
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 266
year: '2019'
...
---
_id: '10874'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: In this article we prove an analogue of a theorem of Lachaud, Ritzenthaler,
and Zykin, which allows us to connect invariants of binary octics to Siegel modular
forms of genus 3. We use this connection to show that certain modular functions,
when restricted to the hyperelliptic locus, assume values whose denominators are
products of powers of primes of bad reduction for the associated hyperelliptic
curves. We illustrate our theorem with explicit computations. This work is motivated
by the study of the values of these modular functions at CM points of the Siegel
upper half-space, which, if their denominators are known, can be used to effectively
compute models of (hyperelliptic, in our case) curves with CM.
acknowledgement: "The authors would like to thank the Lorentz Center in Leiden for
hosting the Women in Numbers Europe 2 workshop and providing a productive and enjoyable
environment for our initial work on this project. We are grateful to the organizers
of WIN-E2, Irene Bouw, Rachel Newton and Ekin Ozman, for making this conference
and this collaboration possible. We\r\nthank Irene Bouw and Christophe Ritzenhaler
for helpful discussions. Ionica acknowledges support from the Thomas Jefferson Fund
of the Embassy of France in the United States and the FACE Foundation. Most of Kılıçer’s
work was carried out during her stay in Universiteit Leiden and Carl von Ossietzky
Universität Oldenburg. Massierer was supported by the Australian Research Council
(DP150101689). Vincent is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grant
No. DMS-1802323 and by the Thomas Jefferson Fund of the Embassy of France in the
United States and the FACE Foundation. "
article_number: '9'
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Sorina
full_name: Ionica, Sorina
last_name: Ionica
- first_name: Pınar
full_name: Kılıçer, Pınar
last_name: Kılıçer
- first_name: Kristin
full_name: Lauter, Kristin
last_name: Lauter
- first_name: Elisa
full_name: Lorenzo García, Elisa
last_name: Lorenzo García
- first_name: Maria-Adelina
full_name: Manzateanu, Maria-Adelina
id: be8d652e-a908-11ec-82a4-e2867729459c
last_name: Manzateanu
- first_name: Maike
full_name: Massierer, Maike
last_name: Massierer
- first_name: Christelle
full_name: Vincent, Christelle
last_name: Vincent
citation:
ama: Ionica S, Kılıçer P, Lauter K, et al. Modular invariants for genus 3 hyperelliptic
curves. Research in Number Theory. 2019;5. doi:10.1007/s40993-018-0146-6
apa: Ionica, S., Kılıçer, P., Lauter, K., Lorenzo García, E., Manzateanu, M.-A.,
Massierer, M., & Vincent, C. (2019). Modular invariants for genus 3 hyperelliptic
curves. Research in Number Theory. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s40993-018-0146-6
chicago: Ionica, Sorina, Pınar Kılıçer, Kristin Lauter, Elisa Lorenzo García, Maria-Adelina
Manzateanu, Maike Massierer, and Christelle Vincent. “Modular Invariants for Genus
3 Hyperelliptic Curves.” Research in Number Theory. Springer Nature, 2019.
https://doi.org/10.1007/s40993-018-0146-6.
ieee: S. Ionica et al., “Modular invariants for genus 3 hyperelliptic curves,”
Research in Number Theory, vol. 5. Springer Nature, 2019.
ista: Ionica S, Kılıçer P, Lauter K, Lorenzo García E, Manzateanu M-A, Massierer
M, Vincent C. 2019. Modular invariants for genus 3 hyperelliptic curves. Research
in Number Theory. 5, 9.
mla: Ionica, Sorina, et al. “Modular Invariants for Genus 3 Hyperelliptic Curves.”
Research in Number Theory, vol. 5, 9, Springer Nature, 2019, doi:10.1007/s40993-018-0146-6.
short: S. Ionica, P. Kılıçer, K. Lauter, E. Lorenzo García, M.-A. Manzateanu, M.
Massierer, C. Vincent, Research in Number Theory 5 (2019).
date_created: 2022-03-18T12:09:48Z
date_published: 2019-01-02T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-09-05T15:39:31Z
day: '02'
department:
- _id: TiBr
doi: 10.1007/s40993-018-0146-6
external_id:
arxiv:
- '1807.08986'
intvolume: ' 5'
keyword:
- Algebra and Number Theory
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://arxiv.org/abs/1807.08986
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Research in Number Theory
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2363-9555
issn:
- 2522-0160
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Modular invariants for genus 3 hyperelliptic curves
type: journal_article
user_id: c635000d-4b10-11ee-a964-aac5a93f6ac1
volume: 5
year: '2019'
...