---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21840'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The transport properties of nanofluidic channels are usually studied under
constant (DC) voltage or pressure driving. However, the frequency response under
sinusoidal (AC) drivings offers rich insights into the time-dependent transport
mechanisms. Inspired by recent electrochemical approaches, we investigate the
couplings between ionic and electronic transport under AC driving. We show that
conduction electrons of the channel walls participate in ionic current via capacitive
electrochemical coupling, defining a critical frequency and length scale where
electron-dominated conductivity emerges. We further analyze how electron–ion coupling
modifies electro-osmotic flows and demonstrate that fluctuation-induced momentum
transfer between the electrolyte and wall electrons produces distinct AC transport
signatures, depending on the charge carrier polarity. Altogether, we establish
a frequency-dependent transport matrix that couples ionic, electronic, and hydrodynamic
flows. These findings establish AC nanofluidic transport as a powerful probe of
interfacial phenomena under confinement and suggest new directions for engineering
nanofluidic functionalities through electron–electrolyte coupling.
acknowledgement: The authors thank Nicolas Chapuis for fruitful discussions. L.B.
acknowledges support from the ERC project n-AQUA under Grant Agreement No. 101071937.
B.C. acknowledges support from the CFM Foundation and the NOMIS Foundation. N.K.
acknowledges support from the Swiss National Science Foundation (SNSF) under Grant
No. CRSK-2_237930.
article_number: '134704'
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Baptiste
full_name: Coquinot, Baptiste
id: f8417bd4-f599-11ee-a482-b927e3ed1e8e
last_name: Coquinot
orcid: 0000-0001-5524-596X
- first_name: Mathieu
full_name: Lizée, Mathieu
last_name: Lizée
- first_name: Lydéric
full_name: Bocquet, Lydéric
last_name: Bocquet
- first_name: Nikita
full_name: Kavokine, Nikita
last_name: Kavokine
citation:
ama: Coquinot B, Lizée M, Bocquet L, Kavokine N. Electron–electrolyte coupling in
AC transport through nanofluidic channels. The Journal of Chemical Physics.
2026;164(13). doi:10.1063/5.0313352
apa: Coquinot, B., Lizée, M., Bocquet, L., & Kavokine, N. (2026). Electron–electrolyte
coupling in AC transport through nanofluidic channels. The Journal of Chemical
Physics. AIP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0313352
chicago: Coquinot, Baptiste, Mathieu Lizée, Lydéric Bocquet, and Nikita Kavokine.
“Electron–Electrolyte Coupling in AC Transport through Nanofluidic Channels.”
The Journal of Chemical Physics. AIP Publishing, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1063/5.0313352.
ieee: B. Coquinot, M. Lizée, L. Bocquet, and N. Kavokine, “Electron–electrolyte
coupling in AC transport through nanofluidic channels,” The Journal of Chemical
Physics, vol. 164, no. 13. AIP Publishing, 2026.
ista: Coquinot B, Lizée M, Bocquet L, Kavokine N. 2026. Electron–electrolyte coupling
in AC transport through nanofluidic channels. The Journal of Chemical Physics.
164(13), 134704.
mla: Coquinot, Baptiste, et al. “Electron–Electrolyte Coupling in AC Transport through
Nanofluidic Channels.” The Journal of Chemical Physics, vol. 164, no. 13,
134704, AIP Publishing, 2026, doi:10.1063/5.0313352.
short: B. Coquinot, M. Lizée, L. Bocquet, N. Kavokine, The Journal of Chemical Physics
164 (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-07T08:53:03Z
date_published: 2026-04-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T07:34:57Z
day: '07'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: MiLe
doi: 10.1063/5.0313352
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2505.02478'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: a896969c829be2a79859bd277f87b44c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-18T07:31:23Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T07:31:23Z
file_id: '21889'
file_name: 2026_JourChemPhysics_Coquinot.pdf
file_size: 5497515
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-18T07:31:23Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 164'
issue: '13'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Journal of Chemical Physics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1089-7690
issn:
- 0021-9606
publication_status: published
publisher: AIP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Electron–electrolyte coupling in AC transport through nanofluidic channels
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 164
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21841'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The long-standing notion that genotypes map to phenotypes through simple one
gene–one trait relationships continues to shape both research in the life sciences
and public understanding, with implications for policy and funding priorities.
Yet this paradigm is increasingly recognized as inadequate for explaining continuous
phenotypic variation and the complex genetic architectures of the genotype–phenotype
map. Modern genetics emerged from the early 20th-century synthesis of Mendelian
and biometric schools of heredity, with R.A. Fisher demonstrating early on how
multiple discrete loci could collectively produce continuous variation. Despite
this fundamental insight, Mendelism—with its focus on single genes and standardized
genetic backgrounds—became the dominant framework, shaping current genetics research
and molecular biology as well as science education. The advent of large-scale
genomic data has revealed yet again the limitations of this reductionist approach.
Evidence from quantitative genetics now shows that most phenotypes arise from
complex networks of many interdependent genes and their dynamic responses to environmental
perturbations. Here we trace the historical roots of how Mendelian classical genetics
departed from the biometric school to create the current predominant paradigm
in genetics, despite fundamentally unresolved issues. Moving on from this one-sided
paradigm will require systematic development of integrative, evolutionarily grounded
experimental approaches that better capture the multigenic and context-dependent
nature of inheritance. Achieving such an extended perspective will require methodological
innovation, including advances in large-scale (e.g. automated) phenotyping. Dedicated
research programs will be necessary to advance a new era of genetic research into
the complex mechanisms underlying phenotypic variation.
acknowledgement: We thank a variety of further colleagues for the many inspiring discussions
on the nature of heredity, especially the workshops in Berlin. Special thanks also
to the Stellenbosch Institute for Advanced Studies (STIAS) to provide DT the leisure
and freedom to write up the first version of this perspective. Thanks also to three
reviewers who have helped to improve the manuscript. Two dedicated symposia on the
topic were funded by the Max-Planck Society.
article_number: iyag024
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Diethard
full_name: Tautz, Diethard
last_name: Tautz
- first_name: Luisa F
full_name: Pallares, Luisa F
last_name: Pallares
- first_name: Leif
full_name: Andersson, Leif
last_name: Andersson
- first_name: Neda
full_name: Barghi, Neda
last_name: Barghi
- first_name: Nicholas H
full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Barton
orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
- first_name: Rachael
full_name: Bay, Rachael
last_name: Bay
- first_name: Yingguang Frank
full_name: Chan, Yingguang Frank
last_name: Chan
- first_name: Angela
full_name: Hancock, Angela
last_name: Hancock
- first_name: Tobias S
full_name: Kaiser, Tobias S
last_name: Kaiser
- first_name: Daniel
full_name: Koenig, Daniel
last_name: Koenig
- first_name: Zacharias
full_name: Kontarakis, Zacharias
last_name: Kontarakis
- first_name: Miriam
full_name: Liedvogel, Miriam
last_name: Liedvogel
- first_name: Juliette
full_name: de Meaux, Juliette
last_name: de Meaux
- first_name: Magnus
full_name: Nordborg, Magnus
last_name: Nordborg
- first_name: Abraham A
full_name: Palmer, Abraham A
last_name: Palmer
- first_name: Michael
full_name: Purugganan, Michael
last_name: Purugganan
- first_name: Christian
full_name: Schlötterer, Christian
last_name: Schlötterer
- first_name: Karl
full_name: Schmid, Karl
last_name: Schmid
- first_name: Didier Y R
full_name: Stainier, Didier Y R
last_name: Stainier
- first_name: Detlef
full_name: Weigel, Detlef
last_name: Weigel
- first_name: Jochen B W
full_name: Wolf, Jochen B W
last_name: Wolf
- first_name: Dieter
full_name: Ebert, Dieter
last_name: Ebert
- first_name: Greg
full_name: Gibson, Greg
last_name: Gibson
citation:
ama: 'Tautz D, Pallares LF, Andersson L, et al. Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit
the genotype–phenotype map through new experimental paradigms. Genetics.
2026;232(4). doi:10.1093/genetics/iyag024'
apa: 'Tautz, D., Pallares, L. F., Andersson, L., Barghi, N., Barton, N. H., Bay,
R., … Gibson, G. (2026). Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype
map through new experimental paradigms. Genetics. Oxford University Press.
https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyag024'
chicago: 'Tautz, Diethard, Luisa F Pallares, Leif Andersson, Neda Barghi, Nicholas
H Barton, Rachael Bay, Yingguang Frank Chan, et al. “Beyond Mendel: A Call to
Revisit the Genotype–Phenotype Map through New Experimental Paradigms.” Genetics.
Oxford University Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyag024.'
ieee: 'D. Tautz et al., “Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype
map through new experimental paradigms,” Genetics, vol. 232, no. 4. Oxford
University Press, 2026.'
ista: 'Tautz D, Pallares LF, Andersson L, Barghi N, Barton NH, Bay R, Chan YF, Hancock
A, Kaiser TS, Koenig D, Kontarakis Z, Liedvogel M, de Meaux J, Nordborg M, Palmer
AA, Purugganan M, Schlötterer C, Schmid K, Stainier DYR, Weigel D, Wolf JBW, Ebert
D, Gibson G. 2026. Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype map
through new experimental paradigms. Genetics. 232(4), iyag024.'
mla: 'Tautz, Diethard, et al. “Beyond Mendel: A Call to Revisit the Genotype–Phenotype
Map through New Experimental Paradigms.” Genetics, vol. 232, no. 4, iyag024,
Oxford University Press, 2026, doi:10.1093/genetics/iyag024.'
short: D. Tautz, L.F. Pallares, L. Andersson, N. Barghi, N.H. Barton, R. Bay, Y.F.
Chan, A. Hancock, T.S. Kaiser, D. Koenig, Z. Kontarakis, M. Liedvogel, J. de Meaux,
M. Nordborg, A.A. Palmer, M. Purugganan, C. Schlötterer, K. Schmid, D.Y.R. Stainier,
D. Weigel, J.B.W. Wolf, D. Ebert, G. Gibson, Genetics 232 (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-07T08:53:40Z
date_published: 2026-04-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T07:51:26Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1093/genetics/iyag024
external_id:
pmid:
- '41701356'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 5a862c539f9dec4511277ad8927c549c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-18T07:48:45Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T07:48:45Z
file_id: '21890'
file_name: 2026_Genetics_Tautz.pdf
file_size: 542844
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-18T07:48:45Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 232'
issue: '4'
keyword:
- classic genetics
- quantitative genetics
- genotype–phenotype map
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Genetics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1943-2631
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Beyond Mendel: A call to revisit the genotype–phenotype map through new experimental
paradigms'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 232
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21842'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "AM CVn stars are ultra-compact semi-detached binaries consisting of a white
dwarf primary and a hydrogen-depleted secondary. In this\r\npaper, we present
spectroscopic and photometric results of 15 transient sources pre-classified as
AM CVn candidates. Our analysis confirms\r\n9 systems of the type AM CVn, 3 hydrogen-rich
cataclysmic variables (accreting white dwarfs with near-main-sequence stars for
donors),\r\nand 3 systems that could be evolved cataclysmic variables. Eight of
the AM CVn stars are analysed spectroscopically for the first time,\r\nwhich increases
the number of spectroscopically confirmed AM CVns by about 10%. TESS data revealed
the orbital period of the AM CVn\r\nstar ASASSN-20pv to be Porb =27.282 min, which
helps to constrain the possible values of its mass ratio. TESS also helped to
determine\r\nthe superhump periods of one AM CVn star (ASASSN-19ct, Psh =30.94
min) and two cataclysmic variables we classify as WZ Sge stars\r\n(Psh =90.77
min for ZTF18aaaasnn and Psh =91.6min for ASASSN-15na).We identified very different
abundances in the spectra of theAM\r\nCVns binaries ASASSN-15kf and ASASSN-20pv
(both Porb ∼27.5min), suggesting different type of donors. Six of the studied
AMCVns are\r\nX-ray sources, which helped to determine their mass accretion rates.
Photometry shows that the duration of all the superoutbursts detected\r\nin the
AM CVns is consistent with expectations from the disc instability model. Finally,
we provide refined criteria for the identification of\r\nnew systems using all-sky
surveys such as LSST."
acknowledgement: "We are grateful to the anonymous referee for providing\r\nus with
useful comments and suggestions that improved our manuscript.\r\nJK and LRS acknowledge
support from NASA grants NNH22ZDA001N-6152\r\nand 80NSSC24K0638. MPM is partially
supported by the Swiss National\r\nScience Foundation IZSTZ0_216537 and by UNAM
PAPIIT-IG101224. Based\r\non observations obtained at the international Gemini Observatory,
a program\r\nof NSF NOIRLab, which is managed by the Association of Universities
for\r\nResearch in Astronomy (AURA) under a cooperative agreement with the U.S.\r\nNational
Science Foundation on behalf of the Gemini Observatory partnership:\r\nthe U.S.
National Science Foundation (United States), National Research\r\nCouncil (Canada),
Agencia Nacional de Investigación y Desarrollo (Chile), Ministerio de Ciencia, Tecnología
e Innovación (Argentina), Ministério\r\nda Ciência, Tecnologia, Inovações e Comunicações
(Brazil), and Korea\r\nAstronomy and Space Science Institute (Republic of Korea).
The Gemini\r\ndata were obtained from programs GN-2023B-Q-310 and GS-2024A-Q-311\r\n(PI:
Rivera Sandoval) and processed using DRAGONS (Data Reduction for\r\nAstronomy from
Gemini Observatory North and South) The Digitized Sky\r\nSurveys were produced at
the Space Telescope Science Institute under U.S.\r\nGovernment grant NAG W-2166.
The images of these surveys are based on\r\nphotographic data obtained using the
Oschin Schmidt Telescope on Palomar\r\nMountain and the UK Schmidt Telescope. The
plates were processed into the\r\npresent compressed digital form with the permission
of these institutions.\r\nThe National Geographic Society – Palomar Observatory
Sky Atlas (POSS-I)\r\nwas made by the California Institute of Technology with grants
from the\r\nNational Geographic Society. The Second Palomar Observatory Sky Survey\r\n(POSS-II)
was made by the California Institute of Technology with funds\r\nfrom the National
Science Foundation, the National Geographic Society, the\r\nSloan Foundation, the
Samuel Oschin Foundation, and the Eastman Kodak\r\nCorporation. The Oschin Schmidt
Telescope is operated by the California\r\nInstitute of Technology and Palomar Observatory.
The UK Schmidt Telescope\r\nwas operated by the Royal Observatory Edinburgh, with
funding from the\r\nUK Science and Engineering Research Council (later the UK Particle
Physics\r\nand Astronomy Research Council), until 1988 June, and thereafter by the\r\nAnglo-Australian
Observatory. The blue plates of the southern Sky Atlas\r\nand its Equatorial Extension
(together known as the SERC-J), as well as the\r\nEquatorial Red (ER), and the Second
Epoch [red] Survey (SES) were all taken\r\nwith the UK Schmidt. Supplemental funding
for sky-survey work at the ST\r\nScI is provided by the European Southern Observatory.
Based on observations\r\nobtained with the Samuel Oschin Telescope 48-inch and the
60-inch Telescope\r\nat the Palomar Observatory as part of the Zwicky Transient
Facility project.\r\nZTF is supported by the National Science Foundation under Grants
No. AST-\r\n1440341 and AST-2034437 and a collaboration including current partners\r\nCaltech,
IPAC, the Oskar Klein Center at Stockholm University, the University\r\nof Maryland,
University of California, Berkeley, the University of Wisconsin\r\nat Milwaukee,
University of Warwick, Ruhr University, Cornell University,\r\nNorthwestern University,
and Drexel University. Operations are conducted\r\nby COO, IPAC, and UW. This work
has used data from the European\r\nSpace Agency (ESA) mission Gaia (https://www.cosmos.esa.int/gaia),\r\nprocessed
by the Gaia Data Processing and Analysis Consortium (DPAC,\r\nhttps://www.cosmos.esa.int/web/gaia/dpac/consortium).
Funding for the\r\nDPAC has been provided by national institutions, in particular,
the institutions\r\nparticipating in the Gaia Multilateral Agreement. We acknowledge
with\r\nthanks the variable star observations from the AAVSO International Database\r\ncontributed
by observers worldwide and used in this research. This paper\r\nincludes data collected
by the TESS mission. Funding for the TESS mission\r\nis provided by the NASA Science
Mission Directorate. Some of the data\r\npresented in this paper were obtained from
the B. Mikulski Archive for Space\r\nTelescopes (MAST). This research has made use
of the SIMBAD database,\r\noperated at CDS, Strasbourg, France. This research has
made use of ‘Aladin\r\nsky atlas’ developed at CDS, Strasbourg Observatory, France.
This research\r\nhas made use of the VizieR catalogue access tool, CDS, Strasbourg,
France."
article_number: e052
article_processing_charge: Yes (in subscription journal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Jan
full_name: Kára, Jan
last_name: Kára
- first_name: Liliana
full_name: Rivera Sandoval, Liliana
last_name: Rivera Sandoval
- first_name: Wendy
full_name: Mendoza, Wendy
last_name: Mendoza
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Maccarone, Thomas
last_name: Maccarone
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Pichardo Marcano, Manuel
last_name: Pichardo Marcano
- first_name: Luis E.
full_name: Salazar Manzano, Luis E.
last_name: Salazar Manzano
- first_name: Ryan J.
full_name: Oelkers, Ryan J.
last_name: Oelkers
- first_name: Joannes C
full_name: van Roestel, Joannes C
id: 4d122fc8-6083-11f0-87a5-97d68b860333
last_name: van Roestel
citation:
ama: Kára J, Rivera Sandoval L, Mendoza W, et al. A study of transients from ground-based
surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries. Publications
of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 2026;43. doi:10.1017/pasa.2026.10184
apa: Kára, J., Rivera Sandoval, L., Mendoza, W., Maccarone, T., Pichardo Marcano,
M., Salazar Manzano, L. E., … van Roestel, J. C. (2026). A study of transients
from ground-based surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries.
Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia. Cambridge University
Press. https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2026.10184
chicago: Kára, Jan, Liliana Rivera Sandoval, Wendy Mendoza, Thomas Maccarone, Manuel
Pichardo Marcano, Luis E. Salazar Manzano, Ryan J. Oelkers, and Joannes C van
Roestel. “A Study of Transients from Ground-Based Surveys Reveals New Ultra-Compact
Accreting White Dwarf Binaries.” Publications of the Astronomical Society of
Australia. Cambridge University Press, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1017/pasa.2026.10184.
ieee: J. Kára et al., “A study of transients from ground-based surveys reveals
new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries,” Publications of the Astronomical
Society of Australia, vol. 43. Cambridge University Press, 2026.
ista: Kára J, Rivera Sandoval L, Mendoza W, Maccarone T, Pichardo Marcano M, Salazar
Manzano LE, Oelkers RJ, van Roestel JC. 2026. A study of transients from ground-based
surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting white dwarf binaries. Publications
of the Astronomical Society of Australia. 43, e052.
mla: Kára, Jan, et al. “A Study of Transients from Ground-Based Surveys Reveals
New Ultra-Compact Accreting White Dwarf Binaries.” Publications of the Astronomical
Society of Australia, vol. 43, e052, Cambridge University Press, 2026, doi:10.1017/pasa.2026.10184.
short: J. Kára, L. Rivera Sandoval, W. Mendoza, T. Maccarone, M. Pichardo Marcano,
L.E. Salazar Manzano, R.J. Oelkers, J.C. van Roestel, Publications of the Astronomical
Society of Australia 43 (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-07T08:55:00Z
date_published: 2026-03-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-12T06:57:40Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: IlCa
doi: 10.1017/pasa.2026.10184
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f8f3cd3765948e8b276176c71c9d4e02
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-12T06:54:10Z
date_updated: 2026-05-12T06:54:10Z
file_id: '21862'
file_name: 2026_PublAstronomicalSocAustralia_Kara.pdf
file_size: 3681016
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-12T06:54:10Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 43'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Publications of the Astronomical Society of Australia
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1448-6083
issn:
- 1323-3580
publication_status: published
publisher: Cambridge University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A study of transients from ground-based surveys reveals new ultra-compact accreting
white dwarf binaries
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 43
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21844'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Little red dots (LRDs) are a newly identified class of broad-line active galactic
nuclei (AGNs) with a distinctive V-shaped spectrum characterized by red optical
and blue UV continuum emission. Their high abundance at redshifts of z ∼ 6–8 and
decline at lower redshifts suggest a transient origin. We propose that the spectral
shape of LRDs originates from compact binary black hole systems, in which each
black hole is surrounded by a mini-disk and embedded within a larger circumbinary
disk. With a binary separation of ≲103 Schwarzschild radii, the Wien tail of a
T ≃ 5000 K blackbody spectrum at the inner edge of the circumbinary disk produces
the red optical emission, while the mini-disks power the UV continuum. Binary
torques carve out a gap between the circumbinary disk and the mini-disks, setting
the turnover wavelength of the V-shaped spectrum around the Balmer limit. This
scenario naturally reproduces LRD spectra requiring only modest dust attenuation
(AV ≲ 1 mag), resolving overestimated luminosities for LRDs in previous studies
and alleviating a tension with the so-called Sołtan argument. This model predicts
distinct spectral evolution as the binary orbit decays through binary disk interactions
and gravitational-wave (GW) emission, linking early-stage “proto-LRD” binaries
to the broader AGN population and late-stage “LRD descendants” to coalescing binaries
detectable in GW experiments.
acknowledgement: We greatly thank Kenta Hotokezaka and Hanpu Liu for constructive
discussions. K.I., J.S., X.C., and L.C.H. acknowledge support from National Natural
Science Foundation of China (grant Nos. 12573015, 1251101148, 12233001, and 12473037),
the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (grant No. IS25003), and the China Manned
Space Program (grant No. CMS-CSST-2025-A09). J.S. is also supported by “The Fundamental
Research Funds for the Central Universities, Peking University” (grant No. 7100604896).
Z.H. acknowledges support by US NSF grant AST-2006176 and by NASA grant Nos. 80NSSC24K0440
and 80NSSC22K0822.
article_number: '25'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Kohei
full_name: Inayoshi, Kohei
last_name: Inayoshi
- first_name: Jinyi
full_name: Shangguan, Jinyi
last_name: Shangguan
- first_name: Xian
full_name: Chen, Xian
last_name: Chen
- first_name: Luis C.
full_name: Ho, Luis C.
last_name: Ho
- first_name: Zoltán
full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
last_name: Haiman
orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403
citation:
ama: Inayoshi K, Shangguan J, Chen X, Ho LC, Haiman Z. The emergence of Little Red
Dots from binary massive black holes. The Astrophysical Journal. 2026;1002(1).
doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d
apa: Inayoshi, K., Shangguan, J., Chen, X., Ho, L. C., & Haiman, Z. (2026).
The emergence of Little Red Dots from binary massive black holes. The Astrophysical
Journal. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d
chicago: Inayoshi, Kohei, Jinyi Shangguan, Xian Chen, Luis C. Ho, and Zoltán Haiman.
“The Emergence of Little Red Dots from Binary Massive Black Holes.” The Astrophysical
Journal. IOP Publishing, 2026. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d.
ieee: K. Inayoshi, J. Shangguan, X. Chen, L. C. Ho, and Z. Haiman, “The emergence
of Little Red Dots from binary massive black holes,” The Astrophysical Journal,
vol. 1002, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2026.
ista: Inayoshi K, Shangguan J, Chen X, Ho LC, Haiman Z. 2026. The emergence of Little
Red Dots from binary massive black holes. The Astrophysical Journal. 1002(1),
25.
mla: Inayoshi, Kohei, et al. “The Emergence of Little Red Dots from Binary Massive
Black Holes.” The Astrophysical Journal, vol. 1002, no. 1, 25, IOP Publishing,
2026, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d.
short: K. Inayoshi, J. Shangguan, X. Chen, L.C. Ho, Z. Haiman, The Astrophysical
Journal 1002 (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-10T22:02:14Z
date_published: 2026-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T07:09:12Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: ZoHa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae548d
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2505.05322'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b4506dfef3dd6da335775071d8f2a0a6
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-11T07:07:22Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T07:07:22Z
file_id: '21853'
file_name: 2026_AstrophysicalJour_Inayoshi.pdf
file_size: 3041897
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-11T07:07:22Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 1002'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The emergence of Little Red Dots from binary massive black holes
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 1002
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21845'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: UTe2 exhibits the remarkable phenomenon of re-entrant superconductivity, whereby
the zero-resistance state reappears above 40 tesla after being suppressed with
a field of around 10 tesla. One potential pairing mechanism, invoked in the related
re-entrant superconductors UCoGe and URhGe, involves transverse fluctuations of
a ferromagnetic order parameter. However, the requisite ferromagnetic order—present
in both UCoGe and URhGe—is absent in UTe2, and neutron scattering shows instead
that the magnetic susceptibility is peaked at an antiferromagnetic wavevector.
Here, we measure the magnetotropic susceptibility of UTe2 across two field-angle
planes. This quantity is sensitive to the magnetic susceptibility in a direction
transverse to the applied magnetic field—a quantity that is not accessed in conventional
magnetization measurements. We observe a very large decrease in the magnetotropic
susceptibility over a broad range of field orientations, indicating a large increase
in the transverse magnetic susceptibility. Because our technique probes the magnetic
susceptibility in the long wavelength (q = 0) limit, this suggests that the strong
transverse susceptibility arises from ferromagnetic spin fluctuations. These ferromagnetic
fluctuations are likely important for understanding the pairing mechanism in UTe2,
as all three superconducting phases of UTe2 surround this region of enhanced susceptibility
in the field-angle phase diagram.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: NanoFab
acknowledgement: We appreciate technical support from Salvatore Bagiante, Evgeniia
Volobueva, Lubuna Shafeek, Ali Bangura, and Zoltán Köllö, and scientific discussions
with Daniel Agterberg, Johnpierre Paglione, Qimiao Si, Josephine Yu and Yue Yu.
V.Z., A.N., M.N., and K.A.M. acknowledge funding received from the European Research
Council (ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
(TROPIC-101078696). V.Z., A.N., M.N., and K.A.M. thank the ISTA Nanofabrication
Facility for technical support. B.J.R. acknowledges funding from the Office of Basic
Energy Sciences of the United States Department of Energy under award number DE-SC0020143
for data analysis and writing. The National High Magnetic Field Laboratory is supported
by the National Science Foundation through NSF/DMR-2128556*, the State of Florida,
and the U.S. Department of Energy. A.S. acknowledges support from the DOE/BES “Science
of 100 T” grant. A.S. thanks Downtown Subscription in Santa Fe, NM, for their patience
in hosting him. Sample preparation and characterization were supported by the NSF
through DMR-2105191.
article_number: '3742'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Valeska
full_name: Zambra, Valeska
id: 467ed36b-dc96-11ea-b7c8-b043a380b282
last_name: Zambra
orcid: 0000-0002-8806-5719
- first_name: Amit
full_name: Nathwani, Amit
id: 1a362536-4d02-11f1-8543-8351136efc50
last_name: Nathwani
- first_name: Muhammad
full_name: Nauman, Muhammad
id: 32c21954-2022-11eb-9d5f-af9f93c24e71
last_name: Nauman
orcid: 0000-0002-2111-4846
- first_name: Sylvia K.
full_name: Lewin, Sylvia K.
last_name: Lewin
- first_name: Corey E.
full_name: Frank, Corey E.
last_name: Frank
- first_name: Nicholas P.
full_name: Butch, Nicholas P.
last_name: Butch
- first_name: Arkady
full_name: Shekhter, Arkady
last_name: Shekhter
- first_name: B. J.
full_name: Ramshaw, B. J.
last_name: Ramshaw
- first_name: Kimberly A
full_name: Modic, Kimberly A
id: 13C26AC0-EB69-11E9-87C6-5F3BE6697425
last_name: Modic
orcid: 0000-0001-9760-3147
citation:
ama: Zambra V, Nathwani A, Nauman M, et al. Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations
at the edge of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2. Nature Communications.
2026;17. doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7
apa: Zambra, V., Nathwani, A., Nauman, M., Lewin, S. K., Frank, C. E., Butch, N.
P., … Modic, K. A. (2026). Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge
of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2. Nature Communications. Springer
Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7
chicago: Zambra, Valeska, Amit Nathwani, Muhammad Nauman, Sylvia K. Lewin, Corey
E. Frank, Nicholas P. Butch, Arkady Shekhter, B. J. Ramshaw, and Kimberly A Modic.
“Giant Transverse Magnetic Fluctuations at the Edge of Re-Entrant Superconductivity
in UTe2.” Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7.
ieee: V. Zambra et al., “Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge
of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2,” Nature Communications, vol. 17.
Springer Nature, 2026.
ista: Zambra V, Nathwani A, Nauman M, Lewin SK, Frank CE, Butch NP, Shekhter A,
Ramshaw BJ, Modic KA. 2026. Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge
of re-entrant superconductivity in UTe2. Nature Communications. 17, 3742.
mla: Zambra, Valeska, et al. “Giant Transverse Magnetic Fluctuations at the Edge
of Re-Entrant Superconductivity in UTe2.” Nature Communications, vol. 17,
3742, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7.
short: V. Zambra, A. Nathwani, M. Nauman, S.K. Lewin, C.E. Frank, N.P. Butch, A.
Shekhter, B.J. Ramshaw, K.A. Modic, Nature Communications 17 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-10T22:02:15Z
date_published: 2026-04-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:36:00Z
day: '29'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: KiMo
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-71899-7
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2506.08984'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8cb95b033ad2a1a7a8181f6f078c05b5
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-11T06:32:12Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:32:12Z
file_id: '21850'
file_name: 2026_NatureComm_Zambra.pdf
file_size: 1784917
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:32:12Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 17'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: bd968c70-d553-11ed-ba76-cde40b0aba64
grant_number: '101078696'
name: Gaining leverage with spin liquids and superconductors
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '21174'
relation: research_data
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Giant transverse magnetic fluctuations at the edge of re-entrant superconductivity
in UTe2
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 17
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21846'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'We compile a sample of 83 little red dots (LRDs) with JWST imaging and find
that a substantial fraction (∼43%, rising to ≳80% for the most luminous LRDs)
host one or more spatially offset, UV-bright companions at projected separations
of 0.5 kpc ≲ d ≲ 5 kpc, with median 〈d〉 = 1.0 kpc. This fraction is even higher
when smaller spatial scales are probed at high signal-to-noise ratio: the two
most strongly lensed LRDs, A383-LRD1 and the newly discovered A68-LRD1, both have
UV-bright companions at separations of only d ∼ 0.3 kpc, below the resolution
limit of most unlensed JWST samples. We explore whether these ubiquitous red/blue
configurations may be physically linked to the formation of LRDs, in analogy with
the “synchronized pair” scenario originally proposed for direct-collapse black
hole formation. In this picture, UV radiation from the companions, with typically
modest stellar masses (M∗ ∼ 108−109 M⊙), suppresses molecular hydrogen cooling
in nearby gas, allowing nearly isothermal collapse and the formation of extremely
compact objects, such as massive black holes, supermassive stars, or quasi-stars.
Using component-resolved photometry and spectral energy distribution modeling,
we infer Lyman–Werner radiation fields of J21,LW ∼ 102.5–105 at the locations
of the red components, comparable to those required in direct-collapse models,
suggesting that the necessary photodissociation conditions are realized in many
LRD systems. This framework provides a simple and self-consistent explanation
for the extreme compactness and distinctive spectral properties of LRDs and links
long-standing theoretical models for early compact object formation directly to
a population now observed with JWST in the early Universe.'
acknowledgement: 'We thank Earl Bellinger, Fabio Pacucci, Andrea Ferrara, and Dale
Kocevski for useful discussions. This work is based on observations made with the
NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski
Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is
operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under
NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These imaging observations are associated with
programs 1345, 1180, 1181, 1243, 6882, 2561, 1324, 4111, and 1895. The compiled
dataset can be accessed at doi:10.17909/1m8f-9c47. The Cosmic Dawn Center (DAWN)
is funded by the Danish National Research Foundation under grant DNRF140. J.M. and
A.T. acknowledge funding by the European Union (ERC, AGENTS, 101076224). This work
was performed in part at Aspen Center for Physics, which is supported by National
Science Foundation grant PHY-2210452. This work used the following Python packages:
Matplotlib (J. D. Hunter 2007), SciPy (P. Virtanen et al. 2020), NumPy (S. van der
Walt et al. 2011), AstroPy (Astropy Collaboration et al. 2022), colossus (B. Diemer
2018), and photutils (L. Bradley et al. 2025).'
article_number: L4
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Josephine F.W.
full_name: Baggen, Josephine F.W.
last_name: Baggen
- first_name: Matthew T.
full_name: Scoggins, Matthew T.
last_name: Scoggins
- first_name: Pieter
full_name: Van Dokkum, Pieter
last_name: Van Dokkum
- first_name: Zoltán
full_name: Haiman, Zoltán
id: 7c006e8c-cc0d-11ee-8322-cb904ef76f36
last_name: Haiman
orcid: 0000-0003-3633-5403
- first_name: Alberto
full_name: Torralba Torregrosa, Alberto
id: 018f0249-0e87-11f0-b167-cbce08fbd541
last_name: Torralba Torregrosa
orcid: 0000-0001-5586-6950
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
citation:
ama: 'Baggen JFW, Scoggins MT, Van Dokkum P, Haiman Z, Torralba Torregrosa A, Matthee
JJ. Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner
sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation. The Astrophysical Journal
Letters. 2026;1002(1). doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5'
apa: 'Baggen, J. F. W., Scoggins, M. T., Van Dokkum, P., Haiman, Z., Torralba Torregrosa,
A., & Matthee, J. J. (2026). Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of
Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation.
The Astrophysical Journal Letters. IOP Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5'
chicago: 'Baggen, Josephine F.W., Matthew T. Scoggins, Pieter Van Dokkum, Zoltán
Haiman, Alberto Torralba Torregrosa, and Jorryt J Matthee. “Connecting the Dots:
UV-Bright Companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner Sources Enabling Direct-Collapse
Black Hole Formation.” The Astrophysical Journal Letters. IOP Publishing,
2026. https://doi.org/10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5.'
ieee: 'J. F. W. Baggen, M. T. Scoggins, P. Van Dokkum, Z. Haiman, A. Torralba Torregrosa,
and J. J. Matthee, “Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots
as Lyman–Werner sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation,” The
Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 1002, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2026.'
ista: 'Baggen JFW, Scoggins MT, Van Dokkum P, Haiman Z, Torralba Torregrosa A, Matthee
JJ. 2026. Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner
sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation. The Astrophysical Journal
Letters. 1002(1), L4.'
mla: 'Baggen, Josephine F. W., et al. “Connecting the Dots: UV-Bright Companions
of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner Sources Enabling Direct-Collapse Black Hole
Formation.” The Astrophysical Journal Letters, vol. 1002, no. 1, L4, IOP
Publishing, 2026, doi:10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5.'
short: J.F.W. Baggen, M.T. Scoggins, P. Van Dokkum, Z. Haiman, A. Torralba Torregrosa,
J.J. Matthee, The Astrophysical Journal Letters 1002 (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-10T22:02:15Z
date_published: 2026-04-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:48:33Z
day: '10'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: ZoHa
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/2041-8213/ae58a5
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2602.02702'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8c31d8603cd6ad39c772a72d136dc3f8
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-11T06:44:37Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:44:37Z
file_id: '21851'
file_name: 2026_AstrophysicalJourLetters_Baggen.pdf
file_size: 13359642
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:44:37Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 1002'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: bd9b2118-d553-11ed-ba76-db24564edfea
grant_number: '101076224'
name: Young galaxies as tracers and agents of cosmic reionization
publication: The Astrophysical Journal Letters
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-8213
issn:
- 2041-8205
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Connecting the dots: UV-bright companions of Little Red Dots as Lyman–Werner
sources enabling direct-collapse Black Hole formation'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 1002
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21847'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Analog quantum simulators provide access to many-body dynamics beyond the
reach of classical computation. However, extracting physical insights from experimental
data is often hindered by measurement noise, limited observables, and incomplete
knowledge of the underlying microscopic model. Here, we develop a machine learning
approach based on a variational autoencoder (VAE) to analyze interference measurements
of tunnel-coupled one-dimensional Bose gases, which realize the sine-Gordon quantum
field theory. Trained in an unsupervised manner, the VAE learns a minimal latent
representation that strongly correlates with the equilibrium control parameter
of the system. Applied to nonequilibrium protocols, the latent space uncovers
signatures of frozen-in solitons following rapid cooling, and reveals anomalous
postquench dynamics not captured by conventional correlation-based methods. These
results demonstrate that generative models can extract physically interpretable
variables directly from noisy and sparse experimental data, providing complementary
probes of equilibrium and nonequilibrium physics in quantum simulators. More broadly,
our work highlights how machine learning can supplement established field-theoretical
techniques, paving the way for scalable, data-driven discovery in quantum many-body
systems.
acknowledgement: "We thank Sebastian Erne and Igor Mazets for helpful discussions
and sharing codes for the transfer matrix sampling. This research was funded in
part by the European Research Council: ERC Advanced Grant “Emergence in Quantum
Physics” (EmQ) under Grant Agreement No. 101097858 and ERC Advanced Grant “Artificial
agency and learning in quantum environments” (QuantAI) under Grant Agreement No.
101055129. This work was also supported by the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) (SFB
BeyondC F7102, 10.55776/F71). G.F.-F. acknowledges the European Research Council
AdG NOQIA; MCIN/AEI [PGC2018-0910.13039/501100011033, CEX2019-000910-S/10.13039/501100011033,
Plan National FIDEUA PID2019-106901GB-I00, Plan National STAMEENA PID2022-139099NB,
I00, project funded by MCIN/AEI/10.13039/501100011033 and by the “European Union
NextGenerationEU/PRTR” (PRTR-C17.I1), FPI]; QUANTERA DYNAMITE PCI2022-132919 under
Grant Agreement No. 101017733; Ministry for Digital Transformation and of Civil
Service of the Spanish Government through the QUANTUM ENIA project call—Quantum
Spain project, and by the European Union through the Recovery, Transformation and
Resilience Plan—NextGenerationEU within the framework of the Digital Spain 2026
Agenda; Fundació Cellex; Fundació Mir-Puig; Generalitat de Catalunya (European Social
Fund FEDER and CERCA program); Barcelona Supercomputing Center MareNostrum (FI-2023-3-0024);
(HORIZON-CL4-2022-QUANTUM-02-SGA PASQuanS2.1, 101113690, EU Horizon 2020 FET-OPEN
OPTOlogic, Grant No. 899794, QU-ATTO, 101168628), EU Horizon Europe Program (This
project has received funding from the European Union's Horizon Europe research and
innovation program under Grant Agreement No. 101080086 NeQST); ICFO Internal “QuantumGaudi”
project. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science Fund
(FWF) [10.55776/COE1] through the Cluster of Excellence quantA (Quantum Science
Austria).\r\n\r\nThe views and opinions expressed in this article are however those
of the author(s) only and do not necessarily reflect those of the European Union
or the European Research Council—neither the European Union nor the granting authority
can be held responsible for them."
article_number: '023094'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Frederik Skovbo
full_name: Moller, Frederik Skovbo
id: 43cbcc83-0564-11f0-a935-e37325525859
last_name: Moller
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Fernández-Fernández, Gabriel
last_name: Fernández-Fernández
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Schweigler, Thomas
last_name: Schweigler
- first_name: Paulin
full_name: De Schoulepnikoff, Paulin
last_name: De Schoulepnikoff
- first_name: Jörg
full_name: Schmiedmayer, Jörg
last_name: Schmiedmayer
- first_name: Gorka
full_name: Muñoz-Gil, Gorka
last_name: Muñoz-Gil
citation:
ama: Moller FS, Fernández-Fernández G, Schweigler T, De Schoulepnikoff P, Schmiedmayer
J, Muñoz-Gil G. Learning minimal representations of many-body physics from snapshots
of a quantum simulator. Physical Review Research. 2026;8(2). doi:10.1103/r7pj-gl7r
apa: Moller, F. S., Fernández-Fernández, G., Schweigler, T., De Schoulepnikoff,
P., Schmiedmayer, J., & Muñoz-Gil, G. (2026). Learning minimal representations
of many-body physics from snapshots of a quantum simulator. Physical Review
Research. American Physical Society. https://doi.org/10.1103/r7pj-gl7r
chicago: Moller, Frederik Skovbo, Gabriel Fernández-Fernández, Thomas Schweigler,
Paulin De Schoulepnikoff, Jörg Schmiedmayer, and Gorka Muñoz-Gil. “Learning Minimal
Representations of Many-Body Physics from Snapshots of a Quantum Simulator.” Physical
Review Research. American Physical Society, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1103/r7pj-gl7r.
ieee: F. S. Moller, G. Fernández-Fernández, T. Schweigler, P. De Schoulepnikoff,
J. Schmiedmayer, and G. Muñoz-Gil, “Learning minimal representations of many-body
physics from snapshots of a quantum simulator,” Physical Review Research,
vol. 8, no. 2. American Physical Society, 2026.
ista: Moller FS, Fernández-Fernández G, Schweigler T, De Schoulepnikoff P, Schmiedmayer
J, Muñoz-Gil G. 2026. Learning minimal representations of many-body physics from
snapshots of a quantum simulator. Physical Review Research. 8(2), 023094.
mla: Moller, Frederik Skovbo, et al. “Learning Minimal Representations of Many-Body
Physics from Snapshots of a Quantum Simulator.” Physical Review Research,
vol. 8, no. 2, 023094, American Physical Society, 2026, doi:10.1103/r7pj-gl7r.
short: F.S. Moller, G. Fernández-Fernández, T. Schweigler, P. De Schoulepnikoff,
J. Schmiedmayer, G. Muñoz-Gil, Physical Review Research 8 (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-10T22:02:15Z
date_published: 2026-04-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:58:56Z
day: '29'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: EdHa
doi: 10.1103/r7pj-gl7r
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2509.13821'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: dbfc58e1e176f7b63e0d274eb0d1bffa
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-11T06:56:58Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:56:58Z
file_id: '21852'
file_name: 2026_PhysicalReviewResearch_Moller.pdf
file_size: 1829628
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:56:58Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 8'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Physical Review Research
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2643-1564
publication_status: published
publisher: American Physical Society
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Learning minimal representations of many-body physics from snapshots of a quantum
simulator
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 8
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21848'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: 'Despite the success of mRNA therapeutics, challenges remain in optimizing
immune responses and minimizing side effects. Cell-specific antigen delivery may
help reduce required doses and improve vaccine efficacy. In this study, we report
on a targeted delivery system for mRNA to a specific subset of skin-resident antigen-presenting
cells: Langerhans cells. By functionalizing lipid nanoparticles with a langerin-specific
glycomimetic ligand, we achieve selective mRNA delivery to both murine and human
primary Langerhans cells with minimal off-target uptake, at the same time resulting
in significantly increased mRNA translation. This targeted mRNA delivery not only
enhances antigen presentation and T-cell responses but also enables dose-sparing
and superior antitumor immunity compared with conventional immunization in a B16-OVA
tumor model. Importantly, our platform’s high compatibility with various lipid
nanoparticle formulations offers a flexible and precise tool for skin-directed
mRNA delivery.'
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: PreCl
acknowledgement: We thank Mareike Rentzsch for her intellectual contributions during
the course of our discussions. We thank Michael Schunn from the Preclinical Facility
of the Institute of Science and Technology Austria for his continuous technical
support. Guarantor of the work is FS. This project was supported by “Seedfinancing”
(P2282679) of the Austrian Federal Ministry of Digital and Economic Affairs and
the Ministry of Climate Action and Energy, handled by the Austrian Wirtschaftsservice,
as well as by...
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Klara
full_name: Klein, Klara
last_name: Klein
- first_name: Litty
full_name: Johnson, Litty
last_name: Johnson
- first_name: Ramona
full_name: Rîca, Ramona
last_name: Rîca
- first_name: Mirza
full_name: Sarcevic, Mirza
last_name: Sarcevic
- first_name: Gabriele
full_name: Carta, Gabriele
last_name: Carta
- first_name: Saskia
full_name: Seiser, Saskia
last_name: Seiser
- first_name: Adelheid
full_name: Elbe-Bürger, Adelheid
last_name: Elbe-Bürger
- first_name: Freyja
full_name: Langer, Freyja
id: 3C1BE782-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Langer
- first_name: Nowras
full_name: Rahhal, Nowras
last_name: Rahhal
- first_name: Christoph
full_name: Rademacher, Christoph
last_name: Rademacher
- first_name: Robert
full_name: Wawrzinek, Robert
last_name: Wawrzinek
- first_name: Federica
full_name: Quattrone, Federica
last_name: Quattrone
- first_name: Florian
full_name: Sparber, Florian
last_name: Sparber
citation:
ama: 'Klein K, Johnson L, Rîca R, et al. Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery:
A strategy for dose-sparing and enhanced antitumor immunity. Journal of Investigative
Dermatology. doi:10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026'
apa: 'Klein, K., Johnson, L., Rîca, R., Sarcevic, M., Carta, G., Seiser, S., … Sparber,
F. (n.d.). Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy for dose-sparing
and enhanced antitumor immunity. Journal of Investigative Dermatology.
Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026'
chicago: 'Klein, Klara, Litty Johnson, Ramona Rîca, Mirza Sarcevic, Gabriele Carta,
Saskia Seiser, Adelheid Elbe-Bürger, et al. “Langerhans Cell–Targeted MRNA Delivery:
A Strategy for Dose-Sparing and Enhanced Antitumor Immunity.” Journal of Investigative
Dermatology. Elsevier, n.d. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026.'
ieee: 'K. Klein et al., “Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy
for dose-sparing and enhanced antitumor immunity,” Journal of Investigative
Dermatology. Elsevier.'
ista: 'Klein K, Johnson L, Rîca R, Sarcevic M, Carta G, Seiser S, Elbe-Bürger A,
Langer F, Rahhal N, Rademacher C, Wawrzinek R, Quattrone F, Sparber F. Langerhans
cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy for dose-sparing and enhanced antitumor
immunity. Journal of Investigative Dermatology.'
mla: 'Klein, Klara, et al. “Langerhans Cell–Targeted MRNA Delivery: A Strategy for
Dose-Sparing and Enhanced Antitumor Immunity.” Journal of Investigative Dermatology,
Elsevier, doi:10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026.'
short: K. Klein, L. Johnson, R. Rîca, M. Sarcevic, G. Carta, S. Seiser, A. Elbe-Bürger,
F. Langer, N. Rahhal, C. Rademacher, R. Wawrzinek, F. Quattrone, F. Sparber, Journal
of Investigative Dermatology (n.d.).
date_created: 2026-05-10T22:02:16Z
date_published: 2026-04-07T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:07:32Z
day: '07'
department:
- _id: PreCl
doi: 10.1016/j.jid.2026.03.026
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1101/2025.06.25.661517
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
publication: Journal of Investigative Dermatology
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1523-1747
issn:
- 0022-202X
publication_status: inpress
publisher: Elsevier
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Langerhans cell–targeted mRNA delivery: A strategy for dose-sparing and enhanced
antitumor immunity'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21849'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The development of complex tissues relies on the precise assignment of cell
identity. At the molecular scale, this process depends on the deposition of epigenetic
modifications—such as methylation—that are regulated by complex biochemical networks
and occur at specific regions on the DNA and chromatin. Here we show that despite
the complexity of epigenetic regulation, dynamical scaling and self-similarity
of DNA methylation marks emerge in embryonic development. Drawing on single-cell
multi-omics experiments, super-resolution microscopy and statistical physics,
we demonstrate that these phenomena originate in dynamical feedback between DNA
methylation and the formation of nanoscale dynamic chromatin aggregates. These
nanoscale processes lead to genome-wide increase in DNA methylation marks following
a power law and self-similar correlation functions. Using this framework, we identify
methylation patterns that precede gene expression changes in embryonic symmetry
breaking. Our work identifies linear sequencing measurements as a laboratory to
study mesoscopic biophysical processes in vivo.
acknowledgement: We thank all members of the W.R. and S.R. laboratories, F. Piazza,
B. D. Simons, and F. Jülicher for helpful discussions. We thank M. Ciarchi for providing
annotations for the chromatin compartments. S.R. is a member of the Center for Nano
Science (CeNS). This project has received funding from the European Research Council
(ERC) under the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
(grant agreement number 950349). Research in W.R.’s laboratory was supported by
the Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BB/K010867/1), Wellcome
(095645/Z/11/Z) and the European Research Council (ERC) under the European Union’s
Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme (EpiCell lineage 882798). F.O. received
funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation programme
under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement number 101034413. Open access funding
provided by Max Planck Society.
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Fabrizio
full_name: Olmeda, Fabrizio
id: 69dbf5fb-8a76-11ed-866b-fb486d8b5689
last_name: Olmeda
- first_name: Tim
full_name: Lohoff, Tim
last_name: Lohoff
- first_name: Ioannis
full_name: Kafetzopoulos, Ioannis
last_name: Kafetzopoulos
- first_name: Stephen J.
full_name: Clark, Stephen J.
last_name: Clark
- first_name: Laura
full_name: Benson, Laura
last_name: Benson
- first_name: Fatima
full_name: Santos, Fatima
last_name: Santos
- first_name: Felix
full_name: Krueger, Felix
last_name: Krueger
- first_name: Simon
full_name: Walker, Simon
last_name: Walker
- first_name: Wolf
full_name: Reik, Wolf
last_name: Reik
- first_name: Steffen
full_name: Rulands, Steffen
last_name: Rulands
citation:
ama: Olmeda F, Lohoff T, Kafetzopoulos I, et al. Scaling and self-similarity in
the formation of the embryonic epigenome. Nature Physics. 2026. doi:10.1038/s41567-026-03263-x
apa: Olmeda, F., Lohoff, T., Kafetzopoulos, I., Clark, S. J., Benson, L., Santos,
F., … Rulands, S. (2026). Scaling and self-similarity in the formation of the
embryonic epigenome. Nature Physics. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-026-03263-x
chicago: Olmeda, Fabrizio, Tim Lohoff, Ioannis Kafetzopoulos, Stephen J. Clark,
Laura Benson, Fatima Santos, Felix Krueger, Simon Walker, Wolf Reik, and Steffen
Rulands. “Scaling and Self-Similarity in the Formation of the Embryonic Epigenome.”
Nature Physics. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-026-03263-x.
ieee: F. Olmeda et al., “Scaling and self-similarity in the formation of
the embryonic epigenome,” Nature Physics. Springer Nature, 2026.
ista: Olmeda F, Lohoff T, Kafetzopoulos I, Clark SJ, Benson L, Santos F, Krueger
F, Walker S, Reik W, Rulands S. 2026. Scaling and self-similarity in the formation
of the embryonic epigenome. Nature Physics.
mla: Olmeda, Fabrizio, et al. “Scaling and Self-Similarity in the Formation of the
Embryonic Epigenome.” Nature Physics, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1038/s41567-026-03263-x.
short: F. Olmeda, T. Lohoff, I. Kafetzopoulos, S.J. Clark, L. Benson, F. Santos,
F. Krueger, S. Walker, W. Reik, S. Rulands, Nature Physics (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-10T22:02:16Z
date_published: 2026-04-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T06:22:47Z
day: '29'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: EdHa
doi: 10.1038/s41567-026-03263-x
ec_funded: 1
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41567-026-03263-x
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '101034413'
name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program'
publication: Nature Physics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1745-2481
issn:
- 1745-2473
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Scaling and self-similarity in the formation of the embryonic epigenome
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '21854'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "As neural-network-based models grow both in size and popularity, interest
has grown in making the models smaller and more efficient to train. To that end,
many methods have been proposed to prune models by reducing their number of nonzero
parameters. Additionally, parameter-efficient fine-tuning, in which a much smaller
number of parameters than the total contained in the model is updated during training,
has become very popular, especially in the space of Large Language Models. At
the same time, the increasingly routine deployment of machine learning in real-world
applications has spurred a drive to make them more trustworthy - in the sense
of, among other things, being unbiased, interpretable, and editable. In this thesis,
we examine the interplay between efficiency and trustworthiness.\r\n\r\nFirst,
we analyze the effects of model pruning on bias in computer vision models, demonstrating
that increased sparsity leads to greater bias, largely as a function of increased
model uncertainty in marginal cases. Based on this observation, we propose several
bias mitigation techniques. Then, we demonstrate that example-specific model pruning
can improve model interpretation methods while improving pruning efficiency to
make example-specific model pruning feasible in real time. Then, we investigate
the effectiveness of parameter-efficient and data-efficient model personalization
via fine-tuning, demonstrating that it is highly feasible with very small computational
and data resources. Finally, we consider efficiency in editing model knowledge
using a custom synthetic data framework, demonstrating that parameter-efficient,
low-rank fine-tuning frequently outperforms full-rank fine-tuning, and, additionally,
that restricting which model blocks are fine-tuned frequently improves results.
Together, the results in this thesis provide new insights and techniques for combining
trustworthiness and efficiency during neural network inference and training.\r\n\r\n-----------------“In
reference to IEEE copyrighted material which is used with permission in this thesis,
the IEEE does not endorse any of [name of university or educational entity]’s
products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted.
If interested in reprinting/republishing IEEE copyrighted material for advertising
or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution,
please go to http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/rights_link.html
to learn how to obtain a License from RightsLink. If applicable, University Microfilms
and/or ProQuest Library, or the Archives of Canada may supply single copies of
the dissertation.”"
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: "The research in this Ph.D. was funded in whole\r\nor in part by
the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) W1260-N35 (Vienna Graduate School for\r\nComputational
Optimization). For open access purposes the author has applied a CC BY\r\npublic
copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version arising from this submission\r\nwherever
possible. Additionally, I am grateful to Alois Schlögl, Waleed Khalid, and the rest
of\r\nthe ISTA Scientific Computing team for building and maintaining the infrastructure
I used\r\nto run experiments. I’m also deeply grateful to the Alistarh group’s administrative
assistant,\r\nChristine Francois, who always deals with our nonsense with common
sense and a smile.\r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Eugenia B
full_name: Iofinova, Eugenia B
id: f9a17499-f6e0-11ea-865d-fdf9a3f77117
last_name: Iofinova
orcid: 0000-0002-7778-3221
citation:
ama: Iofinova EB. On the utility and effects of efficiency in artificial neural
networks. 2026. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-21854
apa: Iofinova, E. B. (2026). On the utility and effects of efficiency in artificial
neural networks. Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21854
chicago: Iofinova, Eugenia B. “On the Utility and Effects of Efficiency in Artificial
Neural Networks.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21854.
ieee: E. B. Iofinova, “On the utility and effects of efficiency in artificial neural
networks,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.
ista: Iofinova EB. 2026. On the utility and effects of efficiency in artificial
neural networks. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Iofinova, Eugenia B. On the Utility and Effects of Efficiency in Artificial
Neural Networks. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-21854.
short: E.B. Iofinova, On the Utility and Effects of Efficiency in Artificial Neural
Networks, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-11T08:43:22Z
date_published: 2026-05-11T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-19T11:20:28Z
day: '11'
ddc:
- '000'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: DaAl
doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-21854
file:
- access_level: closed
checksum: 2e148dad920e3f9b7c32796e0ba2e5f7
content_type: application/zip
creator: eiofinov
date_created: 2026-05-11T08:36:01Z
date_updated: 2026-05-11T08:36:01Z
file_id: '21856'
file_name: EIofinova_thesis_FinalVersion.zip
file_size: 28479571
relation: source_file
- access_level: open_access
checksum: b10c2933f386f532b2dbf28b19c5525c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: eiofinov
date_created: 2026-05-13T13:10:48Z
date_updated: 2026-05-13T13:10:48Z
file_id: '21877'
file_name: 2026_Iofinova_Eugenia_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 18137757
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-13T13:10:48Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '237'
project:
- _id: 9B9290DE-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
grant_number: W1260-N35
name: Vienna Graduate School on Computational Optimization
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '14771'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '18121'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '21858'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '21859'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '21857'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Alistarh
orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
title: On the utility and effects of efficiency in artificial neural networks
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: green
_id: '21857'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "The availability of powerful open-source large language models (LLMs) opens
exciting use cases, such as using personal data to fine-tune these models to imitate
a user’s unique writing style. Two key requirements for this functionality are
personalization–in the sense that the output should recognizably reflect the user’s
own writing style—and privacy–users may justifiably be wary of uploading extremely
personal data, such as their email archive, to a third-party service. In this
paper, we demonstrate the feasibility of training and running such an assistant,
which we call Panza, on commodity hardware, for the specific use case of email
generation. Panza’s personalization features are based on a combination of parameter-efficient
fine-tuning using a variant of the Reverse Instructions technique [1] and Retrieval-Augmented
Generation (RAG) [2]. We demonstrate that this combination allows us to fine-tune
an LLM to reflect a user’s writing style using limited data, while executing on
extremely limited resources, e.g. on a free Google Colab instance. Our key methodological
contribution is the first detailed study of evaluation metrics for this task,
and\r\nof how different choices of system components–the use of RAG and of different
fine-tuning approaches–impact the system’s performance. Additionally, we demonstrate
that very little data - under 100 email samples - are sufficient to create models
that convincingly imitate humans, showcasing a previously unknown attack vector
in language models. We are releasing the full Panza code as well as three new
email datasets licensed for research use."
article_number: '81'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Armand
full_name: Nicolicioiu, Armand
last_name: Nicolicioiu
- first_name: Eugenia B
full_name: Iofinova, Eugenia B
id: f9a17499-f6e0-11ea-865d-fdf9a3f77117
last_name: Iofinova
orcid: 0000-0002-7778-3221
- first_name: Andrej
full_name: Jovanovic, Andrej
last_name: Jovanovic
- first_name: Eldar
full_name: Kurtic, Eldar
id: 47beb3a5-07b5-11eb-9b87-b108ec578218
last_name: Kurtic
- first_name: Mahdi
full_name: Nikdan, Mahdi
id: 66374281-f394-11eb-9cf6-869147deecc0
last_name: Nikdan
- first_name: Andrei
full_name: Panferov, Andrei
id: 2c18daae-4dbe-11ef-8491-98ce2d960f09
last_name: Panferov
- first_name: Ilia
full_name: Markov, Ilia
id: D0CF4148-C985-11E9-8066-0BDEE5697425
last_name: Markov
- first_name: Nir
full_name: Shavit, Nir
last_name: Shavit
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Alistarh
orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
citation:
ama: 'Nicolicioiu A, Iofinova EB, Jovanovic A, et al. Panza: Investigating the
Feasibility of Fully-Local Personalized Text Generation. OpenReview; 2026.'
apa: 'Nicolicioiu, A., Iofinova, E. B., Jovanovic, A., Kurtic, E., Nikdan, M., Panferov,
A., … Alistarh, D.-A. (2026). Panza: Investigating the feasibility of fully-local
personalized text generation. Third Conference on Parsimony and Learning
(Proceedings Track). Tübíngen, Germany: OpenReview.'
chicago: 'Nicolicioiu, Armand, Eugenia B Iofinova, Andrej Jovanovic, Eldar Kurtic,
Mahdi Nikdan, Andrei Panferov, Ilia Markov, Nir Shavit, and Dan-Adrian Alistarh.
Panza: Investigating the Feasibility of Fully-Local Personalized Text Generation.
Third Conference on Parsimony and Learning (Proceedings Track). OpenReview,
2026.'
ieee: 'A. Nicolicioiu et al., Panza: Investigating the feasibility of
fully-local personalized text generation. OpenReview, 2026.'
ista: 'Nicolicioiu A, Iofinova EB, Jovanovic A, Kurtic E, Nikdan M, Panferov A,
Markov I, Shavit N, Alistarh D-A. 2026. Panza: Investigating the feasibility of
fully-local personalized text generation, OpenReview,p.'
mla: 'Nicolicioiu, Armand, et al. “Panza: Investigating the Feasibility of Fully-Local
Personalized Text Generation.” Third Conference on Parsimony and Learning (Proceedings
Track), 81, OpenReview, 2026.'
short: 'A. Nicolicioiu, E.B. Iofinova, A. Jovanovic, E. Kurtic, M. Nikdan, A. Panferov,
I. Markov, N. Shavit, D.-A. Alistarh, Panza: Investigating the Feasibility of
Fully-Local Personalized Text Generation, OpenReview, 2026.'
conference:
end_date: 2026-03-26
location: Tübíngen, Germany
name: 'CPAL: Conference on Parsimony and Learning'
start_date: 2026-03-23
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-11T08:50:28Z
date_published: 2026-03-06T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-19T11:20:27Z
day: '06'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: DaAl
keyword:
- LLMs
- PEFT
- LoRA
- personalization
- efficient ML
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://openreview.net/pdf?id=soFWnTqd23
month: '03'
oa: 1
oa_version: Accepted Version
publication: Third Conference on Parsimony and Learning (Proceedings Track)
publication_status: published
publisher: OpenReview
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '21854'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
title: 'Panza: Investigating the feasibility of fully-local personalized text generation'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: conference_poster
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21859'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: As artificial neural networks, and specifically large language models, have
improved rapidly in capabilities and quality, they have increasingly been deployed
in real-world applications, from customer service to Google search, despite the
fact that they frequently make factually incorrect or undesirable statements.
This trend has inspired practical and academic interest in model editing, that
is, in adjusting the weights of the model to modify its likely outputs for queries
relating to a specific fact or set of facts. This may be done either to amend
a fact or set of facts, for instance, to fix a frequent error in the training
data, or to suppress a fact or set of facts entirely, for instance, in case of
dangerous knowledge. Multiple methods have been proposed to do such edits. However,
at the same time, it has been shown that such model editing can be brittle and
incomplete. Moreover the effectiveness of any model editing method necessarily
depends on the data on which the model is trained, and, therefore, a good understanding
of the interaction of the training data distribution and the way it is stored
in the network is necessary and helpful to reliably perform model editing. However,
working with large language models trained on real-world data does not allow us
to understand this relationship or fully measure the effects of model editing.
We therefore propose Behemoth, a fully synthetic data generation framework. To
demonstrate the practical insights from the framework, we explore model editing
in the context of simple tabular data, demonstrating surprising findings that,
in some cases, echo real-world results, for instance, that in some cases restricting
the update rank results in a more effective update.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: "EI thanks Weiwei Yang, Janardhan Kulkani, and Kate Lytvynets for
their advice and support in\r\ndeveloping an earlier version of the Behemoth library.
This research was supported by the Scientific\r\nService Units (SSU) of IST Austria
through resources provided by Scientific Computing (SciComp).\r\nEI was supported
in part by the FWF DK VGSCO, grant agreement number W1260-N35.\r\n"
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Eugenia B
full_name: Iofinova, Eugenia B
id: f9a17499-f6e0-11ea-865d-fdf9a3f77117
last_name: Iofinova
orcid: 0000-0002-7778-3221
- first_name: Dan-Adrian
full_name: Alistarh, Dan-Adrian
id: 4A899BFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Alistarh
orcid: 0000-0003-3650-940X
citation:
ama: 'Iofinova EB, Alistarh D-A. Behemoth: Benchmarking unlearning in LLMs using
fully synthetic data. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2601.23153'
apa: 'Iofinova, E. B., & Alistarh, D.-A. (n.d.). Behemoth: Benchmarking unlearning
in LLMs using fully synthetic data. arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2601.23153'
chicago: 'Iofinova, Eugenia B, and Dan-Adrian Alistarh. “Behemoth: Benchmarking
Unlearning in LLMs Using Fully Synthetic Data.” ArXiv, n.d. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2601.23153.'
ieee: 'E. B. Iofinova and D.-A. Alistarh, “Behemoth: Benchmarking unlearning in
LLMs using fully synthetic data,” arXiv. .'
ista: 'Iofinova EB, Alistarh D-A. Behemoth: Benchmarking unlearning in LLMs using
fully synthetic data. arXiv, 10.48550/arXiv.2601.23153.'
mla: 'Iofinova, Eugenia B., and Dan-Adrian Alistarh. “Behemoth: Benchmarking Unlearning
in LLMs Using Fully Synthetic Data.” ArXiv, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2601.23153.'
short: E.B. Iofinova, D.-A. Alistarh, ArXiv (n.d.).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-11T08:58:07Z
date_published: 2026-01-30T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-19T11:20:27Z
day: '30'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: DaAl
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2601.23153
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2601.23153'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2601.23153
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: 9B9290DE-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
grant_number: W1260-N35
name: Vienna Graduate School on Computational Optimization
publication: arXiv
publication_status: draft
related_material:
record:
- id: '21854'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
status: public
title: 'Behemoth: Benchmarking unlearning in LLMs using fully synthetic data'
type: preprint
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21860'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Glutamate excitotoxicity is a cell death mechanism triggered by accumulation
of glutamate in the extracellular space. The α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
(αKGDHC), an enzyme of the tricarboxylic acid cycle, represents a branching point
controlling glutamate formation and its consumption as a fuel. Hence, modulation
of the activity of αKGDHC might alter the amount of glutamate available for excitotoxic
effects. To address this hypothesis, hippocampal neurons in primary co-culture
with glial cells were exposed to zero-Mg2 buffer to elicit excitotoxicity through
N-methyl-D-aspartic acid (NMDA) receptor disinhibition. Pretreatment of the cultures
with succinyl phosphonate, to inhibit αKGDHC, enhanced excitotoxity, whereas promotion
of αKGDHC activity by pretreatment with thiamine caused an opposite action. Moreover,
NMDA receptor currents – but not those mediated by α-amino-3-hydroxy-5-methyl-4-isoxazolepropionic
acid (AMPA) receptors – were potentiated in neurons with impaired αKGDHC activity
and diminished in neurons with boosted αKGDHC activity. The sensitization of NMDA
receptors involved mGluR1 activation and was accompanied by enhanced neuronal
discharge activity, elevated basal cytosolic Ca2+ levels, and augmented Ca2+ responses
evoked by glutamate application. These results suggest that mGluR1-mediated potentiation
of NMDA receptors contributes to a mechanism by which inhibition of αKGDHC might
exacerbate glutamate excitotoxicity.
acknowledgement: The technical assistance by Tanja Wagner and Elena Lilliu is gratefully
acknowledged. This research was funded in whole or in part by the Austrian Science
Fund (FWF) (P36145 to H.K., PAT8605623 to M.H. and P33799 to A.V.K.]. Open Access
funding provided by Medical University of Vienna and the Austrian Science Fund (FWF).
Deposited in PMC for immediate release.
article_number: jcs264420
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Vanessa
full_name: Goeschl, Vanessa
last_name: Goeschl
- first_name: Matej
full_name: Hotka, Matej
last_name: Hotka
- first_name: Bernhard
full_name: Hochreiter, Bernhard
id: e6cab3de-17f6-11ed-9210-c1e42e045e9d
last_name: Hochreiter
- first_name: Karlheinz
full_name: Hilber, Karlheinz
last_name: Hilber
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Boehm, Stefan
last_name: Boehm
- first_name: Andrey V.
full_name: Kozlov, Andrey V.
last_name: Kozlov
- first_name: Helmut
full_name: Kubista, Helmut
last_name: Kubista
citation:
ama: Goeschl V, Hotka M, Hochreiter B, et al. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex
activity modulates glutamate excitotoxicity via metabotropic regulation of NMDA
receptors in primary cultures. Journal of Cell Science. 2026;139(8). doi:10.1242/jcs.264420
apa: Goeschl, V., Hotka, M., Hochreiter, B., Hilber, K., Boehm, S., Kozlov, A. V.,
& Kubista, H. (2026). α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity modulates
glutamate excitotoxicity via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors in primary
cultures. Journal of Cell Science. The Company of Biologists. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.264420
chicago: Goeschl, Vanessa, Matej Hotka, Bernhard Hochreiter, Karlheinz Hilber, Stefan
Boehm, Andrey V. Kozlov, and Helmut Kubista. “α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex
Activity Modulates Glutamate Excitotoxicity via Metabotropic Regulation of NMDA
Receptors in Primary Cultures.” Journal of Cell Science. The Company of
Biologists, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1242/jcs.264420.
ieee: V. Goeschl et al., “α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity
modulates glutamate excitotoxicity via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors
in primary cultures,” Journal of Cell Science, vol. 139, no. 8. The Company
of Biologists, 2026.
ista: Goeschl V, Hotka M, Hochreiter B, Hilber K, Boehm S, Kozlov AV, Kubista H.
2026. α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity modulates glutamate excitotoxicity
via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors in primary cultures. Journal of
Cell Science. 139(8), jcs264420.
mla: Goeschl, Vanessa, et al. “α-Ketoglutarate Dehydrogenase Complex Activity Modulates
Glutamate Excitotoxicity via Metabotropic Regulation of NMDA Receptors in Primary
Cultures.” Journal of Cell Science, vol. 139, no. 8, jcs264420, The Company
of Biologists, 2026, doi:10.1242/jcs.264420.
short: V. Goeschl, M. Hotka, B. Hochreiter, K. Hilber, S. Boehm, A.V. Kozlov, H.
Kubista, Journal of Cell Science 139 (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-11T10:52:27Z
date_published: 2026-04-27T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-12T06:40:18Z
day: '27'
ddc:
- '570'
department:
- _id: Bio
doi: 10.1242/jcs.264420
external_id:
pmid:
- '41834724'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 8db35c97588c2f6ef88c7e8d5924cf8c
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-12T06:27:54Z
date_updated: 2026-05-12T06:27:54Z
file_id: '21861'
file_name: 2026_JourCellScience_Goeschl.pdf
file_size: 1957057
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-12T06:27:54Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 139'
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Cell Science
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1477-9137
issn:
- 0021-9533
publication_status: published
publisher: The Company of Biologists
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: α-ketoglutarate dehydrogenase complex activity modulates glutamate excitotoxicity
via metabotropic regulation of NMDA receptors in primary cultures
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 139
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
_id: '21863'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "Atoms and photons, two things so different but yet so alike. The former,
the building block of matter, something we learn about in school and imagine it
as some tiny marbles encircled by other tinier marbles. The latter, an electromagnetic
wave, a light particle or an excitation of the electromagnetic field. Quantum
mechanics tells us about the properties of these two entities. And even if it
sounds, looks and writes counter-intuitive, it has proven right for over a century
now.\r\n\r\nIn this work, I elaborate on how we tested the laws of quantum mechanics
and how we used them learn more about the tiny building blocks of nature and the
fields they use to talk to each other. The atoms we use, are artificial. Superconducting
qubits, small electrical circuits with quantized energy levels behave like electrons
that transition between different orbitals in an atom. One of the qubits' advantages,
is also a big disadvantage. We design the circuits' energy levels and fabricate
them in a cleanroom. This allows for arbitrary spaced energy levels but in contrast
to real atoms, prevents two superconducting qubits from being alike. Still, this
qubit platform is one of the frontrunners for future quantum computing technology
and testing fundamental physics due to their scalability.\r\n\r\nWe interface
superconducting qubits, which operate in the GHz regime, with microwave photons.
We use 3D aluminum cavities as mediators between qubits and photons. The cavities
allow for non-destructive readout of the qubit state, they shield the qubits from
noise at the qubit frequency and they give us an easy way to frequency-tune these
joint systems.\r\n\r\nWe need to operate superconducting qubits and their cavities
at millikelvin temperatures in dilution refrigerators. At higher temperatures,
superconductivity suffers and even worse, the environment is filled with thermal
noise photons. This poses a fundamental limitation on the scalability of superconducting
qubit devices. Also connecting multiple devices in different fridges does not
work over room temperature links because the microwave photons used for this purpose
will be covered in noise and the quantum information they carry, will be unusable.\r\n\r\nInfrared
photons do not suffer from this noise problem since there are close to zero thermal
noise photons at their frequencies at room temperature. We cannot simply interface
superconducting devices with optical photons due their frequency mismatch and
the destructive effect of optical photons on superconductors. Therefore, we use
microwave-to-optics transducers that allow to convert microwave photons into optical
ones and vice-versa. The transducers that we use are macroscopic electro-optic
transducers using the Pockels effect in a disk-shaped Lithium Niobate whispering
gallery mode resonator. By using a strong optical pump, photons from the two frequency
domains experience a beam-splitter interaction and get converted from one to the
other.\r\n\r\nWe measure the generated optical photons using elaborate optical
setups, optical heterodyning and single photon detectors to gain knowledge about
the qubit state or the converted microwave photons. Bridging the microwave and
the optical world allows us to take advantage of both of their strengths but it
also requires deep knowledge about both of their working principles.\r\n\r\nIn
this work, we describe two experiments that our group conducted to showcase the
opportunities that arise from interfacing superconducting qubits with optical
photons but also the pitfalls, one may encounter on the way.\r\n\r\nIn the first
experiment, we managed to all-optically read out a superconducting qubit. We show
that the assignment fidelity, the probability that a measurement of the qubit
state matches the prepared state, is close to equal for all-optical, microwave-to-optics
and conventional microwave readout. We show T1 and T2 measurements for all three
readout types and give an analysis of the noise caused by the optics. Finally,
we show that the infrared light does not affect the qubit performance in a negative
way but that the heating it causes does. This is an important insight that we
used in the next experiment.\r\n\r\nThe second experiment is the upconversion
of itinerant single microwave photons to the optical domain. We show that we can
generate single microwave photons from a qubit-cavity system. We upconvert these
single photons, measure them with a single photon detector and reconstruct their
shape. By conducting a single photon Rabi measurement, we show correlations between
the microwave and the optical domain. And by thorough signal-to-noise measurements
and noise analysis, we find that we can generate single infrared photons with
high signal-to-noise ratio 5.1 and low transducer added noise (<0.012 quanta).
We show that this measurement creates a path towards entanglement of a superconducting
qubit and an optical photon and what parameters need to be improved to achieve
it. Additionally, this experiment is a proof of principle for an on-demand infrared
single photon source. More generally, it allows to link microwave quantum technology
in general to the optical domain."
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: M-Shop
- _id: NanoFab
- _id: LifeSc
- _id: SSU
acknowledgement: "The author of this work was supported by the European Research Council
under grant no.\r\n101089099 (ERC CoG cQEO) and the European Union’s Horizon 2020
research and innovation\r\nprogram under grant no. 899354 (FETopen SuperQuLAN).\r\nThis
work was also supported by the European Research Council under grant nos. 758053\r\n(ERC
StG QUNNECT), 101248662 (ERC POC CoupledEOT), and the European Innovation\r\nCouncil
no. 101187231 (PathfinderOpen CIELO). This research was funded in whole or in part\r\nby
the Austrian Science Fund (FWF) [10.55776/F71]. For open access purposes, the author\r\nhas
applied a CC BY public copyright license to any author accepted manuscript version
arising\r\nfrom this submission.\r\niii\r\nMy co-authors in the works mentioned
later acknowledge generous support from the ISTFELLOW program, the NOMIS-ISTA fellowship,
the Horizon Europe Program HORIZONCL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA via Project No. 101113946
OpenSuperQPlus100 and a DOC fellowship of the Austrian Academy of Sciences at IST
Austria.\r\n"
alternative_title:
- ISTA Thesis
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Werner, Thomas
id: 1fcd8497-dba3-11ea-a45e-c6fbd715f7c7
last_name: Werner
orcid: 0009-0001-2346-5236
citation:
ama: Werner T. Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons. 2026. doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863
apa: Werner, T. (2026). Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863
chicago: Werner, Thomas. “Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons.”
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026. https://doi.org/10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863.
ieee: T. Werner, “Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons,” Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.
ista: Werner T. 2026. Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons. Institute
of Science and Technology Austria.
mla: Werner, Thomas. Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons.
Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2026, doi:10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863.
short: T. Werner, Interfacing Superconducting Qubits with Optical Photons, Institute
of Science and Technology Austria, 2026.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-12T09:04:02Z
date_published: 2026-05-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-20T13:35:43Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '530'
- '537'
- '539'
degree_awarded: PhD
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: JoFi
doi: 10.15479/AT-ISTA-21863
ec_funded: 1
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: a5b4d8dba83f96e955a3625c0eebee98
content_type: application/pdf
creator: twerner
date_created: 2026-05-15T15:53:57Z
date_updated: 2026-05-15T15:53:57Z
file_id: '21879'
file_name: 2026_Werner_Thomas_Thesis.pdf
file_size: 9330516
relation: main_file
- access_level: closed
checksum: b41282beaacfb32472769b9e3b1758d8
content_type: application/x-zip-compressed
creator: twerner
date_created: 2026-05-15T15:54:06Z
date_updated: 2026-05-15T15:54:06Z
file_id: '21880'
file_name: 2026_Werner_Thomas_Thesis.zip
file_size: 9370704
relation: source_file
file_date_updated: 2026-05-15T15:54:06Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
keyword:
- Superconducting qubits
- Quantum optics
- Single photons and quantum effects
- Nonlinear optics
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: '97'
project:
- _id: bdadfa0d-d553-11ed-ba76-fb85edbd456a
grant_number: '101089099'
name: 'Cavity Quantum Electro Optics: Microwave photonics with nonclassical states'
- _id: 9B868D20-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '899354'
name: Quantum Local Area Networks with Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 26336814-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '758053'
name: A Fiber Optic Transceiver for Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 5b807754-ab3d-11f0-914f-ff8c34502cc9
grant_number: '101248662'
name: Integrated optical coupling for low loss electro-optic interconnects
- _id: 91aaf765-16d5-11f0-9cad-a8e7e44cccb7
grant_number: '101187231'
name: 'Cavity-Integrated Electro-Optics: Measuring, Converting and Manipulating
Microwaves with Light'
- _id: bdb108fd-d553-11ed-ba76-83dc74a9864f
grant_number: F07105
name: QUANTUM INFORMATION SYSTEMS BEYOND CLASSICAL CAPABILITIES / P5- Integration
of Superconducting Quantum Circuits
- _id: bdb7cfc1-d553-11ed-ba76-d2eaab167738
grant_number: '101080139'
name: Open Superconducting Quantum Computers (OpenSuperQPlus)
- _id: 9B861AAC-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
name: NOMIS Fellowship Program
publication_identifier:
issn:
- 2663-337X
publication_status: published
publisher: Institute of Science and Technology Austria
related_material:
record:
- id: '19073'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
- id: '21870'
relation: part_of_dissertation
status: public
status: public
supervisor:
- first_name: Johannes M
full_name: Fink, Johannes M
id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fink
orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
title: Interfacing superconducting qubits with optical photons
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: dissertation
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: repository
OA_type: green
_id: '21870'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Superconducting qubits are a leading candidate for utility-scale quantum computing
due to their fast gate speeds and steadily decreasing error rates. The requirement
for millikelvin operating temperatures, however, creates a significant scaling
bottleneck. Modular architectures using optical fiber links could bridge separate
cryogenic nodes, but superconducting circuits do not have coherent optical transitions
and microwave-to-optical conversion has not been shown for any non-classical photon
state. In this work, we demonstrate the on-demand generation and tomographic reconstruction
of itinerant single microwave photons at 8.9 GHz from a superconducting qubit.
We upconvert this non-Gaussian state with a transducer added noise below 0.012
quanta and count the converted telecom photons at 193.4 THz with a signal-to-noise
ratio of up to 5.1$\pm$1.1. We characterize the trade-offs between throughput
and noise, and establish a viable path toward heralded entanglement distribution
and gate teleportation. Looking ahead, these results empower existing superconducting
devices to take a key role in distributed quantum technologies and heterogeneous
quantum systems.
acknowledgement: "We thank Fritz Diorico and Onur Hosten who suggested the filter
cavity design, and gave important insights about the assembly and the testing of
the FabryPerot filter cavities. Ekatrina Fedotova and Diego A.\r\nLancheros Naranjo
worked on the filter cavity setup in\r\nthe early stages of this work. Gustavo Wiederhecker
and\r\nYiewen Chu provided insights as to the origins of the\r\nobserved optical
noise and Nicola Carlon Zambon suggested using telecom filters to mitigate it further.
This\r\nwork was supported by the European Research Council under grant agreement
no. 101089099 (ERC CoG\r\ncQEO), and 101248662 (ERC POC CoupledEOT), the\r\nEuropean
Unions Horizon 2020 research and innovation\r\nprogram under grant agreement no.
899354 (FETopen\r\nSuperQuLAN), the European Innovation Council no.\r\n101187231
(PathfinderOpen CIELO), and the Austrian\r\nScience Fund (FWF) no. F7105 (SFB BeyondC).
J.F.\r\nand L.K. acknowledge support from the Horizon Europe\r\nProgram HORIZON-CL4-2022-QUANTUM-01-SGA
via\r\nProject No. 101113946 OpenSuperQPlus100. A.M. acknowledges support from the
NOMIS-ISTA fellowship."
article_processing_charge: No
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Thomas
full_name: Werner, Thomas
id: 1fcd8497-dba3-11ea-a45e-c6fbd715f7c7
last_name: Werner
orcid: 0009-0001-2346-5236
- first_name: Erfan
full_name: Riyazi, Erfan
id: 53322f94-5355-11ee-ae5a-ff6f81c87d51
last_name: Riyazi
- first_name: Samarth
full_name: Hawaldar, Samarth
id: 221708e1-1ff6-11ee-9fa6-85146607433e
last_name: Hawaldar
orcid: 0000-0002-1965-4309
- first_name: Rishabh
full_name: Sahu, Rishabh
id: 47D26E34-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Sahu
orcid: 0000-0001-6264-2162
- first_name: Georg M
full_name: Arnold, Georg M
id: 3770C838-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Arnold
orcid: 0000-0003-1397-7876
- first_name: Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker
full_name: Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker
last_name: Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker
- first_name: Jennifer A. Sánchez
full_name: Naranjo, Jennifer A. Sánchez
last_name: Naranjo
- first_name: Dante
full_name: Loi, Dante
last_name: Loi
- first_name: Lucky N.
full_name: Kapoor, Lucky N.
last_name: Kapoor
- first_name: Martin
full_name: Zemlicka, Martin
id: 2DCF8DE6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Zemlicka
orcid: 0009-0005-0878-3032
- first_name: Liu
full_name: Qiu, Liu
id: 45e99c0d-1eb1-11eb-9b96-ed8ab2983cac
last_name: Qiu
orcid: 0000-0003-4345-4267
- first_name: Andrei
full_name: Militaru, Andrei
id: d67706f8-8eb1-11ee-ad1b-9c30dfa19e0b
last_name: Militaru
- first_name: Johannes M
full_name: Fink, Johannes M
id: 4B591CBA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Fink
orcid: 0000-0001-8112-028X
citation:
ama: Werner T, Riyazi E, Hawaldar S, et al. Electro-optic conversion of itinerant
Fock states. arXiv. doi:10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928
apa: Werner, T., Riyazi, E., Hawaldar, S., Sahu, R., Arnold, G. M., Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker,
P. F.-S., … Fink, J. M. (n.d.). Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states.
arXiv. https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928
chicago: Werner, Thomas, Erfan Riyazi, Samarth Hawaldar, Rishabh Sahu, Georg M Arnold,
Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker, Jennifer A. Sánchez Naranjo,
et al. “Electro-Optic Conversion of Itinerant Fock States.” ArXiv, n.d.
https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928.
ieee: T. Werner et al., “Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states,”
arXiv. .
ista: Werner T, Riyazi E, Hawaldar S, Sahu R, Arnold GM, Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker
PF-S, Naranjo JAS, Loi D, Kapoor LN, Zemlicka M, Qiu L, Militaru A, Fink JM. Electro-optic
conversion of itinerant Fock states. arXiv, 10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928.
mla: Werner, Thomas, et al. “Electro-Optic Conversion of Itinerant Fock States.”
ArXiv, doi:10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928.
short: T. Werner, E. Riyazi, S. Hawaldar, R. Sahu, G.M. Arnold, P.F.-S. Paul Falthansl-Scheinecker,
J.A.S. Naranjo, D. Loi, L.N. Kapoor, M. Zemlicka, L. Qiu, A. Militaru, J.M. Fink,
ArXiv (n.d.).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-12T13:58:18Z
date_published: 2026-01-31T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-20T13:35:42Z
day: '31'
department:
- _id: JoFi
- _id: GradSch
doi: 10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2602.00928'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.48550/arXiv.2602.00928
month: '01'
oa: 1
oa_version: Preprint
project:
- _id: bdadfa0d-d553-11ed-ba76-fb85edbd456a
grant_number: '101089099'
name: 'Cavity Quantum Electro Optics: Microwave photonics with nonclassical states'
- _id: 5b807754-ab3d-11f0-914f-ff8c34502cc9
grant_number: '101248662'
name: Integrated optical coupling for low loss electro-optic interconnects
- _id: 9B868D20-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '899354'
name: Quantum Local Area Networks with Superconducting Qubits
- _id: 91aaf765-16d5-11f0-9cad-a8e7e44cccb7
grant_number: '101187231'
name: 'Cavity-Integrated Electro-Optics: Measuring, Converting and Manipulating
Microwaves with Light'
- _id: 26927A52-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
call_identifier: FWF
grant_number: F07105
name: Integrating superconducting quantum circuits
- _id: 9B861AAC-BA93-11EA-9121-9846C619BF3A
name: NOMIS Fellowship Program
publication: arXiv
publication_status: draft
related_material:
record:
- id: '21863'
relation: dissertation_contains
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Electro-optic conversion of itinerant Fock states
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: preprint
user_id: 8b945eb4-e2f2-11eb-945a-df72226e66a9
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21872'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Magneto-optic Kerr effect (MOKE) is a powerful probe of broken time-reversal
symmetry (T), typically used to study ferromagnets. While MOKE has been observed
in some antiferromagnets (AFMs) with vanishing magnetization, it is often associated
with structures whose symmetry is lower than basic collinear, bipartite order.
In contrast, theory predicts a mechanism for MOKE intrinsic to all AFMs of A-type,
i.e. layered AFMs in which ferromagnetic layers are antiferromagnetically aligned.
Here we report the experimental confirmation of this mechanism in a bulk AFM.
We achieve this by measuring the imaginary component of MOKE as a function of
photon energy in MnBi2Te4, an A-type AFM where T is preserved in combination with
a translation, and comparing the experimental results with model calculations.
Our model suggests that observable MOKE should be expected in all collinear A-type
AFMs with out-of-plane spin order, thus enabling optical detection of AFM domains
and expanding the scope of MOKE to few-layer AFMs.
acknowledgement: We thank Christine Kuntscher for providing optical conductivity and
reflectance data published in ref. 33, and Nicola Spaldin, Joel Moore and Bevin
Huang for useful discussions. V.S. and J.O. received support from the Gordon and
Betty Moore Foundation’s EPiQS Initiative through Grant GBMF4537 awarded to J.O.
at UC Berkeley. Experimental and theoretical work at LBNL and UC Berkeley was funded
by the Quantum Materials (KC2202) program under the U.S. Department of Energy, Office
of Science, Office of Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering
Division under Contract No. DE-AC02-05CH11231. Work at the University of Kansas
was supported by the U.S. Department of Energy, Office of Science, Basic Energy
Sciences, EPSCoR, and Materials Sciences and Engineering Division under Award No.
DE-SC0025319. Parts of device fabrication were performed in the KU Nanofabrication
Facility, which is supported by the National Institutes of Health NIGMS P30GM145499.
Work at ORNL was supported by the U. S. Department of Energy, Office of Science,
Basic Energy Sciences, Materials Sciences and Engineering Division. For the DFT
calculations we used resources provided by the Swedish National Infrastructure for
Computing (SNIC) at C3SE. We acknowledge support from the US National Science Foundation
(NSF) Grant Number 2201516 under the Accelnet program of Office of International
Science and Engineering (OISE). This publication is funded in part by a QuantEmX
grant from ICAM and the Gordon and Betty Moore Foundation through Grant GBMF9616
to S. K.
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Veronika
full_name: Sunko, Veronika
id: 23cb1cf6-2c7a-11ef-91a4-f72fc19f20b3
last_name: Sunko
orcid: 0000-0003-2724-3523
- first_name: Salman
full_name: Ahsanullah, Salman
last_name: Ahsanullah
- first_name: Vivek
full_name: Jain, Vivek
last_name: Jain
- first_name: Sophie
full_name: Weber, Sophie
last_name: Weber
- first_name: Sivaloganathan
full_name: Kumaran, Sivaloganathan
last_name: Kumaran
- first_name: Jiaqiang
full_name: Yan, Jiaqiang
last_name: Yan
- first_name: Joseph
full_name: Orenstein, Joseph
last_name: Orenstein
- first_name: Dmitry
full_name: Ovchinnikov, Dmitry
last_name: Ovchinnikov
citation:
ama: Sunko V, Ahsanullah S, Jain V, et al. Magneto-optical Kerr effect in an A-type
antiferromagnet. Nature Communications. 2026. doi:10.1038/s41467-026-72577-4
apa: Sunko, V., Ahsanullah, S., Jain, V., Weber, S., Kumaran, S., Yan, J., … Ovchinnikov,
D. (2026). Magneto-optical Kerr effect in an A-type antiferromagnet. Nature
Communications. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72577-4
chicago: Sunko, Veronika, Salman Ahsanullah, Vivek Jain, Sophie Weber, Sivaloganathan
Kumaran, Jiaqiang Yan, Joseph Orenstein, and Dmitry Ovchinnikov. “Magneto-Optical
Kerr Effect in an A-Type Antiferromagnet.” Nature Communications. Springer
Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72577-4.
ieee: V. Sunko et al., “Magneto-optical Kerr effect in an A-type antiferromagnet,”
Nature Communications. Springer Nature, 2026.
ista: Sunko V, Ahsanullah S, Jain V, Weber S, Kumaran S, Yan J, Orenstein J, Ovchinnikov
D. 2026. Magneto-optical Kerr effect in an A-type antiferromagnet. Nature Communications.
mla: Sunko, Veronika, et al. “Magneto-Optical Kerr Effect in an A-Type Antiferromagnet.”
Nature Communications, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1038/s41467-026-72577-4.
short: V. Sunko, S. Ahsanullah, V. Jain, S. Weber, S. Kumaran, J. Yan, J. Orenstein,
D. Ovchinnikov, Nature Communications (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-12T21:31:27Z
date_published: 2026-05-12T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-10T09:45:53Z
day: '12'
ddc:
- '530'
department:
- _id: VeSu
doi: 10.1038/s41467-026-72577-4
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1038/s41467-026-72577-4
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Nature Communications
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2041-1723
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
record:
- id: '21422'
relation: research_data
status: public
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Magneto-optical Kerr effect in an A-type antiferromagnet
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21881'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "I review recent contributions on nonlinear Dirichlet forms. Then, I specialise
to the case of 2-\r\nhomogeneous and local forms. Inspired by the theory of Finsler
manifolds and metric measure spaces, I establish new properties of such nonlinear
Dirichlet forms, which are reminiscent of differential calculus formulae."
acknowledgement: I am thankful to G. Savaré, for introducing me to the study of nonlinear
Dirichlet forms and metric measure spaces, and to D. Manini for stimulating discussions.
Open access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology (IST Austria).
The author has been funded by the European Union’s Horizon 2020 research and innovation
program under the Marie Skłodowska-Curie grant agreement No 754362. Partial support
has been obtained from the EFI ANR-17-CE40-0030 Project of the French National Research
Agency.
article_number: '33'
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Giovanni
full_name: Brigati, Giovanni
id: 63ff57e8-1fbb-11ee-88f2-f558ffc59cf1
last_name: Brigati
citation:
ama: Brigati G. Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules. La
Matematica. 2026;5(2). doi:10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w
apa: Brigati, G. (2026). Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus
rules. La Matematica. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w
chicago: Brigati, Giovanni. “Nonlinear Dirichlet Forms, Energy Spaces, and Calculus
Rules.” La Matematica. Springer Nature, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w.
ieee: G. Brigati, “Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules,”
La Matematica, vol. 5, no. 2. Springer Nature, 2026.
ista: Brigati G. 2026. Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules.
La Matematica. 5(2), 33.
mla: Brigati, Giovanni. “Nonlinear Dirichlet Forms, Energy Spaces, and Calculus
Rules.” La Matematica, vol. 5, no. 2, 33, Springer Nature, 2026, doi:10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w.
short: G. Brigati, La Matematica 5 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-17T22:02:10Z
date_published: 2026-04-29T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:27:08Z
day: '29'
ddc:
- '510'
department:
- _id: JaMa
doi: 10.1007/s44007-026-00217-w
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2309.00377'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: f75bffe3c793a2cbb26b8494024d0681
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-18T08:26:15Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:26:15Z
file_id: '21892'
file_name: 2026_LaMathematica_Brigati.pdf
file_size: 394082
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:26:15Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 5'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '04'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: La Matematica
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 2730-9657
publication_status: published
publisher: Springer Nature
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Nonlinear Dirichlet forms, energy spaces, and calculus rules
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 5
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21882'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: The nature of little red dots (LRDs) has largely been investigated through
their continuum emission, with lines assumed to arise from a broad-line region.
In this paper, we instead use recombination lines to infer the intrinsic properties
of the central engine. Our analysis first reveals a tension between the ionizing
properties implied from Hα and He ii λ4686. The high Hα EWs require copious H-ionizing
photons, more than the bluest active galactic nucleus (AGN) ionizing spectra can
provide. In contrast, He ii emission is marginally detected, and its low EW is,
at most, consistent with the softest AGN spectra. The low He ii/Hβ (∼10−2, <20× local
AGN median) further points to an unusually soft ionizing spectrum. We extend our
analysis to dense gas envelopes (quasi-star/black-hole star) and find that hydrogen
recombination lines become optically thick and lose diagnostic power, but He ii
remains optically thin and a robust tracer. Photoionization modeling with Cloudy
rules out standard AGN accretion disk spectra. Alternative explanations include
exotic AGN with red rest-optical emission, high average optical depth (>10) from
gas/dust, and soft ionizing spectra with abundant H-ionizing photons, consistent
with, e.g., a cold accretion disk or a composite of AGN and stars. The latter
is an intriguing scenario since high hydrogen densities are highly conducive for
star formation, and nuclear star clusters are found in the vicinity of local massive
black holes. While previous studies have mostly focused on features dominated
by the absorbing hydrogen cloud, the He ii-based diagnostic proposed here represents
a crucial step toward understanding the central engine of LRDs.
acknowledgement: "B.W. thanks Michael Eracleous for valuable discussions. B.W. and
J.L. acknowledge support from JWST-GO-04233.009. B.W. also acknowledges support
provided by NASA through Hubble Fellowship grant HST-HF2-51592.001 awarded by the
Space Telescope Science Institute, which is operated by the Association of Universities
for Research in Astronomy, Inc., for NASA, under the contract NAS 5-26555. K.I.
acknowledges support from the National Natural Science Foundation of China (12573015,
W2532003), the Beijing Natural Science Foundation (IS25003), and the China Manned
Space Program (CMS-CSST-2025-A09). R.E.H. acknowledges support by the German Aerospace
Center (DLR) and the Federal Ministry for Economic Affairs and Energy (BMWi) through
program 50OR2403 “RUBIES.”\r\n\r\nThis work is based on observations made with the
NASA/ESA/CSA James Webb Space Telescope. The data were obtained from the Mikulski
Archive for Space Telescopes at the Space Telescope Science Institute, which is
operated by the Association of Universities for Research in Astronomy, Inc., under
NASA contract NAS 5-03127 for JWST. These observations are associated with program
# 1433, 2561, 4106, 4233, 5224, 6585. The specific observations analyzed can be
accessed via DOI: 10.17909/9hpc-nc45. Computations for this research were performed
on the Pennsylvania State University’s Institute for Computational and Data Sciences’
Roar supercomputer; and on computational resources managed and supported by Princeton
Research Computing, a consortium of groups including the Princeton Institute for
Computational Science and Engineering (PICSciE) and Research Computing at Princeton
University. Some of the stellar spectra are retrieved from the POLLUX database (pollux.oreme.org)
operated at LUPM (Université de Montpellier—CNRS, France) with the support of the
PNPS and INSU. This publication made use of the NASA Astrophysical Data System for
bibliographic information."
article_number: '10'
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Bingjie
full_name: Wang, Bingjie
last_name: Wang
- first_name: Joel
full_name: Leja, Joel
last_name: Leja
- first_name: Harley
full_name: Katz, Harley
last_name: Katz
- first_name: Kohei
full_name: Inayoshi, Kohei
last_name: Inayoshi
- first_name: Nikko J.
full_name: Cleri, Nikko J.
last_name: Cleri
- first_name: Anna
full_name: De Graaff, Anna
last_name: De Graaff
- first_name: Raphael E.
full_name: Hviding, Raphael E.
last_name: Hviding
- first_name: Pieter
full_name: Van Dokkum, Pieter
last_name: Van Dokkum
- first_name: Jenny E.
full_name: Greene, Jenny E.
last_name: Greene
- first_name: Ivo
full_name: Labbé, Ivo
last_name: Labbé
- first_name: Jorryt J
full_name: Matthee, Jorryt J
id: 7439a258-f3c0-11ec-9501-9df22fe06720
last_name: Matthee
orcid: 0000-0003-2871-127X
- first_name: Ian
full_name: Mcconachie, Ian
last_name: Mcconachie
- first_name: Rohan P.
full_name: Naidu, Rohan P.
last_name: Naidu
- first_name: Erica J.
full_name: Nelson, Erica J.
last_name: Nelson
citation:
ama: 'Wang B, Leja J, Katz H, et al. The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots:
Their incident ionizing spectra resemble massive stars. The Astrophysical Journal.
2026;1003(1). doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab'
apa: 'Wang, B., Leja, J., Katz, H., Inayoshi, K., Cleri, N. J., De Graaff, A., …
Nelson, E. J. (2026). The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their incident
ionizing spectra resemble massive stars. The Astrophysical Journal. IOP
Publishing. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab'
chicago: 'Wang, Bingjie, Joel Leja, Harley Katz, Kohei Inayoshi, Nikko J. Cleri,
Anna De Graaff, Raphael E. Hviding, et al. “The Missing Hard Photons of Little
Red Dots: Their Incident Ionizing Spectra Resemble Massive Stars.” The Astrophysical
Journal. IOP Publishing, 2026. https://doi.org/10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab.'
ieee: 'B. Wang et al., “The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their
incident ionizing spectra resemble massive stars,” The Astrophysical Journal,
vol. 1003, no. 1. IOP Publishing, 2026.'
ista: 'Wang B, Leja J, Katz H, Inayoshi K, Cleri NJ, De Graaff A, Hviding RE, Van
Dokkum P, Greene JE, Labbé I, Matthee JJ, Mcconachie I, Naidu RP, Nelson EJ. 2026.
The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their incident ionizing spectra resemble
massive stars. The Astrophysical Journal. 1003(1), 10.'
mla: 'Wang, Bingjie, et al. “The Missing Hard Photons of Little Red Dots: Their
Incident Ionizing Spectra Resemble Massive Stars.” The Astrophysical Journal,
vol. 1003, no. 1, 10, IOP Publishing, 2026, doi:10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab.'
short: B. Wang, J. Leja, H. Katz, K. Inayoshi, N.J. Cleri, A. De Graaff, R.E. Hviding,
P. Van Dokkum, J.E. Greene, I. Labbé, J.J. Matthee, I. Mcconachie, R.P. Naidu,
E.J. Nelson, The Astrophysical Journal 1003 (2026).
date_created: 2026-05-17T22:02:10Z
date_published: 2026-05-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:18:39Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '520'
department:
- _id: JoMa
doi: 10.3847/1538-4357/ae5bab
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2508.18358'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: ee9ebc8ae2304fec04f24b82ebaac8bc
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-18T08:17:26Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:17:26Z
file_id: '21891'
file_name: 2026_AstrophysicalJourn_Wang.pdf
file_size: 2584417
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:17:26Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 1003'
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: The Astrophysical Journal
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1538-4357
issn:
- 0004-637X
publication_status: published
publisher: IOP Publishing
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'The missing hard photons of Little Red Dots: Their incident ionizing spectra
resemble massive stars'
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 1003
year: '2026'
...
---
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: hybrid
PlanS_conform: '1'
_id: '21883'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: Three-dimensional (3D) printing has rapidly developed from a niche hobbyist
activity into a widely accessible and indispensable technology across multiple
scientific disciplines. Within microscopy, optical engineering laboratories and
imaging core facilities, 3D printing enables creating customised solutions for
sample holders, optical components and everyday laboratory tools that traditionally
required specialised machining. By providing rapid prototyping, low-cost production
and reproducibility, 3D printing facilitates innovation and efficiency in facility
operations. This article provides a perspective on the possibilities, challenges,
and practical aspects of implementing 3D printing within microscopy core facilities.
Instead of providing technical review about 3D printing, we focus on service organisation,
user engagement, resource management and community-driven repositories for design
dissemination. Our aim is to share insights with those considering the implementation
of 3D printing as a service for developing add-on components to ease the operation
of different aspects of the machine-park driven services and those who are managing
advanced instrumentation within research groups.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: Bio
- _id: M-Shop
acknowledgement: "This work was supported by the Scientific Service Units (SSU) of
Institute of Science and Technology Austria (ISTA) through resources provided by
the Imaging & Optics Facility (IOF) and the MiBa Machine Shop. Specifically; Robert
Hauschild (IOF), sharing designs, insights and pioneering 3D printing activities
at the Imaging and Optics Facility; Bernhard Hochreiter (IOF), for support and testing
of anoxic chamber. We also thank Ana Rita Carvalho Faria and Oliver Biehlmaier (Biozentrum
University of Basel, Imaging Core Facility) for sharing the design of the adopted
power meter.\r\nOpen Access funding provided by Institute of Science and Technology
Austria."
article_processing_charge: Yes (via OA deal)
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Mohammad
full_name: Goudarzi, Mohammad
id: 3384113A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Goudarzi
- first_name: Maximilian
full_name: Schuster, Maximilian
id: 37e65def-d415-11eb-ae59-a7b67be103db
last_name: Schuster
- first_name: Arthur
full_name: Milberger, Arthur
last_name: Milberger
- first_name: Manuel
full_name: Gunkel, Manuel
last_name: Gunkel
- first_name: Stefan
full_name: Terjung, Stefan
last_name: Terjung
- first_name: Gabriel
full_name: Krens, Gabriel
id: 2B819732-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
last_name: Krens
orcid: 0000-0003-4761-5996
citation:
ama: Goudarzi M, Schuster M, Milberger A, Gunkel M, Terjung S, Krens G. 3D printing
in core facilities – Low pain, high gain. Journal of Microscopy. 2026.
doi:10.1111/jmi.70106
apa: Goudarzi, M., Schuster, M., Milberger, A., Gunkel, M., Terjung, S., & Krens,
G. (2026). 3D printing in core facilities – Low pain, high gain. Journal of
Microscopy. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.70106
chicago: Goudarzi, Mohammad, Maximilian Schuster, Arthur Milberger, Manuel Gunkel,
Stefan Terjung, and Gabriel Krens. “3D Printing in Core Facilities – Low Pain,
High Gain.” Journal of Microscopy. Wiley, 2026. https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.70106.
ieee: M. Goudarzi, M. Schuster, A. Milberger, M. Gunkel, S. Terjung, and G. Krens,
“3D printing in core facilities – Low pain, high gain,” Journal of Microscopy.
Wiley, 2026.
ista: Goudarzi M, Schuster M, Milberger A, Gunkel M, Terjung S, Krens G. 2026. 3D
printing in core facilities – Low pain, high gain. Journal of Microscopy.
mla: Goudarzi, Mohammad, et al. “3D Printing in Core Facilities – Low Pain, High
Gain.” Journal of Microscopy, Wiley, 2026, doi:10.1111/jmi.70106.
short: M. Goudarzi, M. Schuster, A. Milberger, M. Gunkel, S. Terjung, G. Krens,
Journal of Microscopy (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-17T22:02:11Z
date_published: 2026-05-09T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:55:42Z
day: '09'
ddc:
- '600'
department:
- _id: Bio
doi: 10.1111/jmi.70106
external_id:
pmid:
- '42104760'
has_accepted_license: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
url: https://doi.org/10.1111/jmi.70106
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
pmid: 1
publication: Journal of Microscopy
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1365-2818
issn:
- 0022-2720
publication_status: epub_ahead
publisher: Wiley
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 3D printing in core facilities – Low pain, high gain
tmp:
image: /images/cc_by.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)
short: CC BY (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
year: '2026'
...
---
DOAJ_listed: '1'
OA_place: publisher
OA_type: gold
_id: '21884'
abstract:
- lang: eng
text: "We show that a randomly perturbed digraph, where we start with a dense digraph
Dα and add a small number of random edges to it, will typically contain a fixed
orientation of a bounded-degree spanning tree. This answers a question posed by
Araujo, Balogh, Krueger, Piga and Treglown and generalizes the corresponding result
for randomly perturbed graphs by Krivelevich, Kwan and Sudakov. More specifically,
we prove that there exists a constant c=c(α,Δ) such that if \r\nT is an oriented
tree with maximum degree Δ and Dα is an n-vertex digraph with minimum semidegree
αn, then the graph obtained by adding cn uniformly random edges to Dα will contain
T with high probability."
acknowledgement: "We thank the anonymous referees for many helpful comments on an
earlier version of this\r\narticle. Kalina Petrova was supported by grant no. CRSII5
173721 of the Swiss National\r\nScience Foundation, and by the European Union’s
Horizon 2020 research and innovation\r\nprogramme under the Marie Sk lodowska-Curie
grant agreement No. 101034413"
article_number: P2.24
article_processing_charge: Yes
article_type: original
arxiv: 1
author:
- first_name: Patryk
full_name: Morawski, Patryk
last_name: Morawski
- first_name: Kalina H
full_name: Petrova, Kalina H
id: 554ff4e4-f325-11ee-b0c4-a10dbd523381
last_name: Petrova
citation:
ama: Morawski P, Petrova KH. Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree
spanning trees. Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. 2026;33(2). doi:10.37236/13316
apa: Morawski, P., & Petrova, K. H. (2026). Randomly perturbed digraphs also
have bounded-degree spanning trees. Electronic Journal of Combinatorics.
Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. https://doi.org/10.37236/13316
chicago: Morawski, Patryk, and Kalina H Petrova. “Randomly Perturbed Digraphs Also
Have Bounded-Degree Spanning Trees.” Electronic Journal of Combinatorics.
Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2026. https://doi.org/10.37236/13316.
ieee: P. Morawski and K. H. Petrova, “Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree
spanning trees,” Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, vol. 33, no. 2. Electronic
Journal of Combinatorics, 2026.
ista: Morawski P, Petrova KH. 2026. Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree
spanning trees. Electronic Journal of Combinatorics. 33(2), P2.24.
mla: Morawski, Patryk, and Kalina H. Petrova. “Randomly Perturbed Digraphs Also
Have Bounded-Degree Spanning Trees.” Electronic Journal of Combinatorics,
vol. 33, no. 2, P2.24, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics, 2026, doi:10.37236/13316.
short: P. Morawski, K.H. Petrova, Electronic Journal of Combinatorics 33 (2026).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2026-05-17T22:02:11Z
date_published: 2026-05-08T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:50:18Z
day: '08'
ddc:
- '510'
department:
- _id: MaKw
doi: 10.37236/13316
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
arxiv:
- '2306.14648'
file:
- access_level: open_access
checksum: 9e8402cb2e8870ba7ded9ae7b308201a
content_type: application/pdf
creator: dernst
date_created: 2026-05-18T08:46:26Z
date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:46:26Z
file_id: '21893'
file_name: 2026_ElectrJournCombinatorics_Morawski.pdf
file_size: 399969
relation: main_file
success: 1
file_date_updated: 2026-05-18T08:46:26Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: ' 33'
issue: '2'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/
month: '05'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
project:
- _id: fc2ed2f7-9c52-11eb-aca3-c01059dda49c
call_identifier: H2020
grant_number: '101034413'
name: 'IST-BRIDGE: International postdoctoral program'
publication: Electronic Journal of Combinatorics
publication_identifier:
eissn:
- 1077-8926
publication_status: published
publisher: Electronic Journal of Combinatorics
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Randomly perturbed digraphs also have bounded-degree spanning trees
tmp:
image: /image/cc_by_nd.png
legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nd/4.0/legalcode
name: Creative Commons Attribution-NoDerivatives 4.0 International (CC BY-ND 4.0)
short: CC BY-ND (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 33
year: '2026'
...