---
_id: '509'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: 'Clathrin-mediated endocytosis (CME) regulates many aspects of plant development,
    including hormone signaling and responses to environmental stresses. Despite the
    importance of this process, the machinery that regulates CME in plants is largely
    unknown. In mammals, the heterotetrameric ADAPTOR PROTEIN COMPLEX-2 (AP-2) is
    required for the formation of clathrin-coated vesicles at the plasma membrane
    (PM). Although the existence of AP-2 has been predicted in Arabidopsis thaliana,
    the biochemistry and functionality of the complex is still uncharacterized. Here,
    we identified all the subunits of the Arabidopsis AP-2 by tandem affinity purification
    and found that one of the large AP-2 subunits, AP2A1, localized at the PM and
    interacted with clathrin. Furthermore, endocytosis of the leucine-rich repeat
    receptor kinase, BRASSINOSTEROID INSENSITIVE1 (BRI1), was shown to depend on AP-2.
    Knockdown of the two Arabidopsis AP2A genes or overexpression of a dominant-negative
    version of the medium AP-2 subunit, AP2M, impaired BRI1 endocytosis and enhanced
    the brassinosteroid signaling. Our data reveal that the CME machinery in Arabidopsis
    is evolutionarily conserved and that AP-2 functions in receptormediated endocytosis. '
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Simone
  full_name: Di Rubbo, Simone
  last_name: Di Rubbo
- first_name: Niloufer
  full_name: Irani, Niloufer
  last_name: Irani
- first_name: Soo
  full_name: Kim, Soo
  last_name: Kim
- first_name: Zheng
  full_name: Xu, Zheng
  last_name: Xu
- first_name: Astrid
  full_name: Gadeyne, Astrid
  last_name: Gadeyne
- first_name: Wim
  full_name: Dejonghe, Wim
  last_name: Dejonghe
- first_name: Isabelle
  full_name: Vanhoutte, Isabelle
  last_name: Vanhoutte
- first_name: Geert
  full_name: Persiau, Geert
  last_name: Persiau
- first_name: Dominique
  full_name: Eeckhout, Dominique
  last_name: Eeckhout
- first_name: Sibu
  full_name: Simon, Sibu
  id: 4542EF9A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Simon
  orcid: 0000-0002-1998-6741
- first_name: Kyungyoung
  full_name: Song, Kyungyoung
  last_name: Song
- first_name: Jürgen
  full_name: Kleine Vehn, Jürgen
  last_name: Kleine Vehn
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Friml, Jirí
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Geert
  full_name: De Jaeger, Geert
  last_name: De Jaeger
- first_name: Daniël
  full_name: Van Damme, Daniël
  last_name: Van Damme
- first_name: Inhwan
  full_name: Hwang, Inhwan
  last_name: Hwang
- first_name: Eugenia
  full_name: Russinova, Eugenia
  last_name: Russinova
citation:
  ama: Di Rubbo S, Irani N, Kim S, et al. The clathrin adaptor complex AP-2 mediates
    endocytosis of brassinosteroid INSENSITIVE1 in arabidopsis. <i>Plant Cell</i>.
    2013;25(8):2986-2997. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114058">10.1105/tpc.113.114058</a>
  apa: Di Rubbo, S., Irani, N., Kim, S., Xu, Z., Gadeyne, A., Dejonghe, W., … Russinova,
    E. (2013). The clathrin adaptor complex AP-2 mediates endocytosis of brassinosteroid
    INSENSITIVE1 in arabidopsis. <i>Plant Cell</i>. American Society of Plant Biologists.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114058">https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114058</a>
  chicago: Di Rubbo, Simone, Niloufer Irani, Soo Kim, Zheng Xu, Astrid Gadeyne, Wim
    Dejonghe, Isabelle Vanhoutte, et al. “The Clathrin Adaptor Complex AP-2 Mediates
    Endocytosis of Brassinosteroid INSENSITIVE1 in Arabidopsis.” <i>Plant Cell</i>.
    American Society of Plant Biologists, 2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114058">https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114058</a>.
  ieee: S. Di Rubbo <i>et al.</i>, “The clathrin adaptor complex AP-2 mediates endocytosis
    of brassinosteroid INSENSITIVE1 in arabidopsis,” <i>Plant Cell</i>, vol. 25, no.
    8. American Society of Plant Biologists, pp. 2986–2997, 2013.
  ista: Di Rubbo S, Irani N, Kim S, Xu Z, Gadeyne A, Dejonghe W, Vanhoutte I, Persiau
    G, Eeckhout D, Simon S, Song K, Kleine Vehn J, Friml J, De Jaeger G, Van Damme
    D, Hwang I, Russinova E. 2013. The clathrin adaptor complex AP-2 mediates endocytosis
    of brassinosteroid INSENSITIVE1 in arabidopsis. Plant Cell. 25(8), 2986–2997.
  mla: Di Rubbo, Simone, et al. “The Clathrin Adaptor Complex AP-2 Mediates Endocytosis
    of Brassinosteroid INSENSITIVE1 in Arabidopsis.” <i>Plant Cell</i>, vol. 25, no.
    8, American Society of Plant Biologists, 2013, pp. 2986–97, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114058">10.1105/tpc.113.114058</a>.
  short: S. Di Rubbo, N. Irani, S. Kim, Z. Xu, A. Gadeyne, W. Dejonghe, I. Vanhoutte,
    G. Persiau, D. Eeckhout, S. Simon, K. Song, J. Kleine Vehn, J. Friml, G. De Jaeger,
    D. Van Damme, I. Hwang, E. Russinova, Plant Cell 25 (2013) 2986–2997.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:52Z
date_published: 2013-08-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T07:15:45Z
day: '01'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.114058
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000324920500020'
  pmid:
  - '23975899'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114058
intvolume: '        25'
isi: 1
issue: '8'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC3784593/
month: '08'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
page: 2986 - 2997
pmid: 1
publication: Plant Cell
publication_status: published
publisher: American Society of Plant Biologists
publist_id: '7311'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: The clathrin adaptor complex AP-2 mediates endocytosis of brassinosteroid INSENSITIVE1
  in arabidopsis
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 25
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '511'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The native auxin, indole-3-acetic acid (IAA), is a major regulator of plant
    growth and development. Its nonuniform distribution between cells and tissues
    underlies the spatiotemporal coordination of many developmental events and responses
    to environmental stimuli. The regulation of auxin gradients and the formation
    of auxin maxima/minima most likely involve the regulation of both metabolic and
    transport processes. In this article, we have demonstrated that 2-oxindole-3-acetic
    acid (oxIAA) is a major primary IAA catabolite formed in Arabidopsis thaliana
    root tissues. OxIAA had little biological activity and was formed rapidly and
    irreversibly in response to increases in auxin levels. We further showed that
    there is cell type-specific regulation of oxIAA levels in the Arabidopsis root
    apex. We propose that oxIAA is an important element in the regulation of output
    from auxin gradients and, therefore, in the regulation of auxin homeostasis and
    response mechanisms.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Aleš
  full_name: Pěnčík, Aleš
  last_name: Pěnčík
- first_name: Biljana
  full_name: Simonovik, Biljana
  last_name: Simonovik
- first_name: Sara
  full_name: Petersson, Sara
  last_name: Petersson
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Henyková, Eva
  last_name: Henyková
- first_name: Sibu
  full_name: Simon, Sibu
  id: 4542EF9A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Simon
  orcid: 0000-0002-1998-6741
- first_name: Kathleen
  full_name: Greenham, Kathleen
  last_name: Greenham
- first_name: Yi
  full_name: Zhang, Yi
  last_name: Zhang
- first_name: Mariusz
  full_name: Kowalczyk, Mariusz
  last_name: Kowalczyk
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Estelle, Mark
  last_name: Estelle
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Zažímalová, Eva
  last_name: Zažímalová
- first_name: Ondřej
  full_name: Novák, Ondřej
  last_name: Novák
- first_name: Göran
  full_name: Sandberg, Göran
  last_name: Sandberg
- first_name: Karin
  full_name: Ljung, Karin
  last_name: Ljung
citation:
  ama: Pěnčík A, Simonovik B, Petersson S, et al. Regulation of auxin homeostasis
    and gradients in Arabidopsis roots through the formation of the indole-3-acetic
    acid catabolite 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid. <i>Plant Cell</i>. 2013;25(10):3858-3870.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114421">10.1105/tpc.113.114421</a>
  apa: Pěnčík, A., Simonovik, B., Petersson, S., Henyková, E., Simon, S., Greenham,
    K., … Ljung, K. (2013). Regulation of auxin homeostasis and gradients in Arabidopsis
    roots through the formation of the indole-3-acetic acid catabolite 2-oxindole-3-acetic
    acid. <i>Plant Cell</i>. American Society of Plant Biologists. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114421">https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114421</a>
  chicago: Pěnčík, Aleš, Biljana Simonovik, Sara Petersson, Eva Henyková, Sibu Simon,
    Kathleen Greenham, Yi Zhang, et al. “Regulation of Auxin Homeostasis and Gradients
    in Arabidopsis Roots through the Formation of the Indole-3-Acetic Acid Catabolite
    2-Oxindole-3-Acetic Acid.” <i>Plant Cell</i>. American Society of Plant Biologists,
    2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114421">https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114421</a>.
  ieee: A. Pěnčík <i>et al.</i>, “Regulation of auxin homeostasis and gradients in
    Arabidopsis roots through the formation of the indole-3-acetic acid catabolite
    2-oxindole-3-acetic acid,” <i>Plant Cell</i>, vol. 25, no. 10. American Society
    of Plant Biologists, pp. 3858–3870, 2013.
  ista: Pěnčík A, Simonovik B, Petersson S, Henyková E, Simon S, Greenham K, Zhang
    Y, Kowalczyk M, Estelle M, Zažímalová E, Novák O, Sandberg G, Ljung K. 2013. Regulation
    of auxin homeostasis and gradients in Arabidopsis roots through the formation
    of the indole-3-acetic acid catabolite 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid. Plant Cell. 25(10),
    3858–3870.
  mla: Pěnčík, Aleš, et al. “Regulation of Auxin Homeostasis and Gradients in Arabidopsis
    Roots through the Formation of the Indole-3-Acetic Acid Catabolite 2-Oxindole-3-Acetic
    Acid.” <i>Plant Cell</i>, vol. 25, no. 10, American Society of Plant Biologists,
    2013, pp. 3858–70, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114421">10.1105/tpc.113.114421</a>.
  short: A. Pěnčík, B. Simonovik, S. Petersson, E. Henyková, S. Simon, K. Greenham,
    Y. Zhang, M. Kowalczyk, M. Estelle, E. Zažímalová, O. Novák, G. Sandberg, K. Ljung,
    Plant Cell 25 (2013) 3858–3870.
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:53Z
date_published: 2013-10-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-06-18T18:52:18Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1105/tpc.113.114421
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000327723100019'
  pmid:
  - '24163311'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114421
intvolume: '        25'
isi: 1
issue: '10'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: www.doi.org/10.1105/tpc.113.114421
month: '10'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 3858 - 3870
pmid: 1
publication: Plant Cell
publication_status: published
publisher: American Society of Plant Biologists
publist_id: '7309'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Regulation of auxin homeostasis and gradients in Arabidopsis roots through
  the formation of the indole-3-acetic acid catabolite 2-oxindole-3-acetic acid
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 25
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '516'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: In plants, changes in local auxin concentrations can trigger a range of developmental
    processes as distinct tissues respond differently to the same auxin stimulus.
    However, little is known about how auxin is interpreted by individual cell types.
    We performed a transcriptomic analysis of responses to auxin within four distinct
    tissues of the Arabidopsis thaliana root and demonstrate that different cell types
    show competence for discrete responses. The majority of auxin‐responsive genes
    displayed a spatial bias in their induction or repression. The novel data set
    was used to examine how auxin influences tissue‐specific transcriptional regulation
    of cell‐identity markers. Additionally, the data were used in combination with
    spatial expression maps of the root to plot a transcriptomic auxin‐response gradient
    across the apical and basal meristem. The readout revealed a strong correlation
    for thousands of genes between the relative response to auxin and expression along
    the longitudinal axis of the root. This data set and comparative analysis provide
    a transcriptome‐level spatial breakdown of the response to auxin within an organ
    where this hormone mediates many aspects of development.
article_number: '688'
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Bastiaan
  full_name: Bargmann, Bastiaan
  last_name: Bargmann
- first_name: Steffen
  full_name: Vanneste, Steffen
  last_name: Vanneste
- first_name: Gabriel
  full_name: Krouk, Gabriel
  last_name: Krouk
- first_name: Tal
  full_name: Nawy, Tal
  last_name: Nawy
- first_name: Idan
  full_name: Efroni, Idan
  last_name: Efroni
- first_name: Eilon
  full_name: Shani, Eilon
  last_name: Shani
- first_name: Goh
  full_name: Choe, Goh
  last_name: Choe
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Friml, Jirí
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Dominique
  full_name: Bergmann, Dominique
  last_name: Bergmann
- first_name: Mark
  full_name: Estelle, Mark
  last_name: Estelle
- first_name: Kenneth
  full_name: Birnbaum, Kenneth
  last_name: Birnbaum
citation:
  ama: Bargmann B, Vanneste S, Krouk G, et al. A map of cell type‐specific auxin responses.
    <i>Molecular Systems Biology</i>. 2013;9(1). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2013.40">10.1038/msb.2013.40</a>
  apa: Bargmann, B., Vanneste, S., Krouk, G., Nawy, T., Efroni, I., Shani, E., … Birnbaum,
    K. (2013). A map of cell type‐specific auxin responses. <i>Molecular Systems Biology</i>.
    Nature Publishing Group. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2013.40">https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2013.40</a>
  chicago: Bargmann, Bastiaan, Steffen Vanneste, Gabriel Krouk, Tal Nawy, Idan Efroni,
    Eilon Shani, Goh Choe, et al. “A Map of Cell Type‐specific Auxin Responses.” <i>Molecular
    Systems Biology</i>. Nature Publishing Group, 2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2013.40">https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2013.40</a>.
  ieee: B. Bargmann <i>et al.</i>, “A map of cell type‐specific auxin responses,”
    <i>Molecular Systems Biology</i>, vol. 9, no. 1. Nature Publishing Group, 2013.
  ista: Bargmann B, Vanneste S, Krouk G, Nawy T, Efroni I, Shani E, Choe G, Friml
    J, Bergmann D, Estelle M, Birnbaum K. 2013. A map of cell type‐specific auxin
    responses. Molecular Systems Biology. 9(1), 688.
  mla: Bargmann, Bastiaan, et al. “A Map of Cell Type‐specific Auxin Responses.” <i>Molecular
    Systems Biology</i>, vol. 9, no. 1, 688, Nature Publishing Group, 2013, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2013.40">10.1038/msb.2013.40</a>.
  short: B. Bargmann, S. Vanneste, G. Krouk, T. Nawy, I. Efroni, E. Shani, G. Choe,
    J. Friml, D. Bergmann, M. Estelle, K. Birnbaum, Molecular Systems Biology 9 (2013).
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:55Z
date_published: 2013-09-10T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T07:11:42Z
day: '10'
ddc:
- '581'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1038/msb.2013.40
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000325297700001'
file:
- access_level: open_access
  checksum: 9c4fbe793af4bb22b3fe50cc677a39bf
  content_type: application/pdf
  creator: system
  date_created: 2018-12-12T10:07:46Z
  date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:36Z
  file_id: '4644'
  file_name: IST-2018-936-v1+1_2008_Barton_A_map.pdf
  file_size: 3257692
  relation: main_file
file_date_updated: 2020-07-14T12:46:36Z
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1038/msb.2013.40
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '         9'
isi: 1
issue: '1'
language:
- iso: eng
license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/
month: '09'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
publication: Molecular Systems Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Nature Publishing Group
publist_id: '7303'
pubrep_id: '936'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: A map of cell type‐specific auxin responses
tmp:
  image: /images/cc_by_nc_sa.png
  legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by-nc-sa/4.0/legalcode
  name: Creative Commons Attribution-NonCommercial-ShareAlike 4.0 International (CC
    BY-NC-SA 4.0)
  short: CC BY-NC-SA (4.0)
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 9
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '527'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The apical-basal axis of the early plant embryo determines the body plan of
    the adult organism. To establish a polarized embryonic axis, plants evolved a
    unique mechanism that involves directional, cell-to-cell transport of the growth
    regulator auxin. Auxin transport relies on PIN auxin transporters [1], whose polar
    subcellular localization determines the flow directionality. PIN-mediated auxin
    transport mediates the spatial and temporal activity of the auxin response machinery
    [2-7] that contributes to embryo patterning processes, including establishment
    of the apical (shoot) and basal (root) embryo poles [8]. However, little is known
    of upstream mechanisms guiding the (re)polarization of auxin fluxes during embryogenesis
    [9]. Here, we developed a model of plant embryogenesis that correctly generates
    emergent cell polarities and auxin-mediated sequential initiation of apical-basal
    axis of plant embryo. The model relies on two precisely localized auxin sources
    and a feedback between auxin and the polar, subcellular PIN transporter localization.
    Simulations reproduced PIN polarity and auxin distribution, as well as previously
    unknown polarization events during early embryogenesis. The spectrum of validated
    model predictions suggests that our model corresponds to a minimal mechanistic
    framework for initiation and orientation of the apical-basal axis to guide both
    embryonic and postembryonic plant development.
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Krzysztof T
  full_name: Wabnik, Krzysztof T
  id: 4DE369A4-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Wabnik
  orcid: 0000-0001-7263-0560
- first_name: Hélène
  full_name: Robert, Hélène
  last_name: Robert
- first_name: Richard
  full_name: Smith, Richard
  last_name: Smith
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Friml, Jirí
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Wabnik KT, Robert H, Smith R, Friml J. Modeling framework for the establishment
    of the apical-basal embryonic axis in plants. <i>Current Biology</i>. 2013;23(24):2513-2518.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038">10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038</a>
  apa: Wabnik, K. T., Robert, H., Smith, R., &#38; Friml, J. (2013). Modeling framework
    for the establishment of the apical-basal embryonic axis in plants. <i>Current
    Biology</i>. Cell Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038</a>
  chicago: Wabnik, Krzysztof T, Hélène Robert, Richard Smith, and Jiří Friml. “Modeling
    Framework for the Establishment of the Apical-Basal Embryonic Axis in Plants.”
    <i>Current Biology</i>. Cell Press, 2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038</a>.
  ieee: K. T. Wabnik, H. Robert, R. Smith, and J. Friml, “Modeling framework for the
    establishment of the apical-basal embryonic axis in plants,” <i>Current Biology</i>,
    vol. 23, no. 24. Cell Press, pp. 2513–2518, 2013.
  ista: Wabnik KT, Robert H, Smith R, Friml J. 2013. Modeling framework for the establishment
    of the apical-basal embryonic axis in plants. Current Biology. 23(24), 2513–2518.
  mla: Wabnik, Krzysztof T., et al. “Modeling Framework for the Establishment of the
    Apical-Basal Embryonic Axis in Plants.” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 23, no. 24,
    Cell Press, 2013, pp. 2513–18, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038">10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038</a>.
  short: K.T. Wabnik, H. Robert, R. Smith, J. Friml, Current Biology 23 (2013) 2513–2518.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:58Z
date_published: 2013-12-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T07:10:38Z
day: '16'
department:
- _id: EvBe
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000328918900032'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.10.038
intvolume: '        23'
isi: 1
issue: '24'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa_version: None
page: 2513 - 2518
project:
- _id: 25716A02-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '282300'
  name: Polarity and subcellular dynamics in plants
publication: Current Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '7292'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Modeling framework for the establishment of the apical-basal embryonic axis
  in plants
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 23
year: '2013'
...
---
_id: '528'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Establishment of the embryonic axis foreshadows the main body axis of adults
    both in plants and in animals, but underlying mechanisms are considered distinct.
    Plants utilize directional, cell-to-cell transport of the growth hormone auxin
    [1, 2] to generate an asymmetric auxin response that specifies the embryonic apical-basal
    axis [3-6]. The auxin flow directionality depends on the polarized subcellular
    localization of PIN-FORMED (PIN) auxin transporters [7, 8]. It remains unknown
    which mechanisms and spatial cues guide cell polarization and axis orientation
    in early embryos. Herein, we provide conceptually novel insights into the formation
    of embryonic axis in Arabidopsis by identifying a crucial role of localized tryptophan-dependent
    auxin biosynthesis [9-12]. Local auxin production at the base of young embryos
    and the accompanying PIN7-mediated auxin flow toward the proembryo are required
    for the apical auxin response maximum and the specification of apical embryonic
    structures. Later in embryogenesis, the precisely timed onset of localized apical
    auxin biosynthesis mediates PIN1 polarization, basal auxin response maximum, and
    specification of the root pole. Thus, the tight spatiotemporal control of distinct
    local auxin sources provides a necessary, non-cell-autonomous trigger for the
    coordinated cell polarization and subsequent apical-basal axis orientation during
    embryogenesis and, presumably, also for other polarization events during postembryonic
    plant life [13, 14].
article_processing_charge: No
author:
- first_name: Hélène
  full_name: Robert, Hélène
  last_name: Robert
- first_name: Peter
  full_name: Grones, Peter
  id: 399876EC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Grones
- first_name: Anna
  full_name: Stepanova, Anna
  last_name: Stepanova
- first_name: Linda
  full_name: Robles, Linda
  last_name: Robles
- first_name: Annemarie
  full_name: Lokerse, Annemarie
  last_name: Lokerse
- first_name: Jose
  full_name: Alonso, Jose
  last_name: Alonso
- first_name: Dolf
  full_name: Weijers, Dolf
  last_name: Weijers
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Friml, Jirí
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
citation:
  ama: Robert H, Grones P, Stepanova A, et al. Local auxin sources orient the apical
    basal axis in arabidopsis embryos. <i>Current Biology</i>. 2013;23(24):2506-2512.
    doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039">10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039</a>
  apa: Robert, H., Grones, P., Stepanova, A., Robles, L., Lokerse, A., Alonso, J.,
    … Friml, J. (2013). Local auxin sources orient the apical basal axis in arabidopsis
    embryos. <i>Current Biology</i>. Cell Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039</a>
  chicago: Robert, Hélène, Peter Grones, Anna Stepanova, Linda Robles, Annemarie Lokerse,
    Jose Alonso, Dolf Weijers, and Jiří Friml. “Local Auxin Sources Orient the Apical
    Basal Axis in Arabidopsis Embryos.” <i>Current Biology</i>. Cell Press, 2013.
    <a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039">https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039</a>.
  ieee: H. Robert <i>et al.</i>, “Local auxin sources orient the apical basal axis
    in arabidopsis embryos,” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 23, no. 24. Cell Press,
    pp. 2506–2512, 2013.
  ista: Robert H, Grones P, Stepanova A, Robles L, Lokerse A, Alonso J, Weijers D,
    Friml J. 2013. Local auxin sources orient the apical basal axis in arabidopsis
    embryos. Current Biology. 23(24), 2506–2512.
  mla: Robert, Hélène, et al. “Local Auxin Sources Orient the Apical Basal Axis in
    Arabidopsis Embryos.” <i>Current Biology</i>, vol. 23, no. 24, Cell Press, 2013,
    pp. 2506–12, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039">10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039</a>.
  short: H. Robert, P. Grones, A. Stepanova, L. Robles, A. Lokerse, J. Alonso, D.
    Weijers, J. Friml, Current Biology 23 (2013) 2506–2512.
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:46:59Z
date_published: 2013-12-16T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2025-09-30T07:10:06Z
day: '16'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000328918900031'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2013.09.039
intvolume: '        23'
isi: 1
issue: '24'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '12'
oa_version: None
page: 2506 - 2512
project:
- _id: 25716A02-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '282300'
  name: Polarity and subcellular dynamics in plants
publication: Current Biology
publication_status: published
publisher: Cell Press
publist_id: '7291'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Local auxin sources orient the apical basal axis in arabidopsis embryos
type: journal_article
user_id: 317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345
volume: 23
year: '2013'
...
---
OA_type: free access
_id: '2443'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: The mode of action of auxin is based on its non-uniform distribution within
    tissues and organs. Despite the wide use of several auxin analogues in research
    and agriculture, little is known about the specificity of different auxin-related
    transport and signalling processes towards these compounds. Using seedlings of
    Arabidopsis thaliana and suspension-cultured cells of Nicotiana tabacum (BY-2),
    the physiological activity of several auxin analogues was investigated, together
    with their capacity to induce auxin-dependent gene expression, to inhibit endocytosis
    and to be transported across the plasma membrane. This study shows that the specificity
    criteria for different auxin-related processes vary widely. Notably, the special
    behaviour of some synthetic auxin analogues suggests that they might be useful
    tools in investigations of the molecular mechanism of auxin action. Thus, due
    to their differential stimulatory effects on DR5 expression, indole-3-propionic
    (IPA) and 2,4,5-trichlorophenoxy acetic (2,4,5-T) acids can serve in studies of
    TRANSPORT INHIBITOR RESPONSE 1/AUXIN SIGNALLING F-BOX (TIR1/AFB)-mediated auxin
    signalling, and 5-fluoroindole-3-acetic acid (5-F-IAA) can help to discriminate
    between transcriptional and non-transcriptional pathways of auxin signalling.
    The results demonstrate that the major determinants for the auxin-like physiological
    potential of a particular compound are very complex and involve its chemical and
    metabolic stability, its ability to distribute in tissues in a polar manner and
    its activity towards auxin signalling machinery.
acknowledgement: The authors thank Dr Christian Luschnig (University of Natural Resources
  and Life Sciences (BOKU), Vienna, Austria) for the anti-PIN2 antibody, Professor
  Mark Estelle (University of California, San Diego, CA, USA) for tir1-1 mutant seeds
  and, last but not least, to Dr David Morris for critical reading of the manuscript.
  We also thank Markéta Pařezová and Jana Stýblová for excellent technical assistance.
  This work was supported by the Grant Agency of the Czech Republic (P305/11/0797
  to E.Z. and 13-40637S to J.F.), the Central European Institute of Technology project
  CZ.1.05/1.1.00/02.0068 from the European Regional Development Fund and by a European
  Research Council starting independent research grant ERC-2011-StG-20101109-PSDP
  (to J.F.).
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Sibu
  full_name: Simon, Sibu
  id: 4542EF9A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Simon
  orcid: 0000-0002-1998-6741
- first_name: Martin
  full_name: Kubeš, Martin
  last_name: Kubeš
- first_name: Pawel
  full_name: Baster, Pawel
  id: 3028BD74-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Baster
- first_name: Stéphanie
  full_name: Robert, Stéphanie
  last_name: Robert
- first_name: Petre
  full_name: Dobrev, Petre
  last_name: Dobrev
- first_name: Jirí
  full_name: Friml, Jirí
  id: 4159519E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Friml
  orcid: 0000-0002-8302-7596
- first_name: Jan
  full_name: Petrášek, Jan
  last_name: Petrášek
- first_name: Eva
  full_name: Zažímalová, Eva
  last_name: Zažímalová
citation:
  ama: 'Simon S, Kubeš M, Baster P, et al. Defining the selectivity of processes along
    the auxin response chain: A study using auxin analogues. <i>New Phytologist</i>.
    2013;200(4):1034-1048. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437">10.1111/nph.12437</a>'
  apa: 'Simon, S., Kubeš, M., Baster, P., Robert, S., Dobrev, P., Friml, J., … Zažímalová,
    E. (2013). Defining the selectivity of processes along the auxin response chain:
    A study using auxin analogues. <i>New Phytologist</i>. Wiley. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437">https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437</a>'
  chicago: 'Simon, Sibu, Martin Kubeš, Pawel Baster, Stéphanie Robert, Petre Dobrev,
    Jiří Friml, Jan Petrášek, and Eva Zažímalová. “Defining the Selectivity of Processes
    along the Auxin Response Chain: A Study Using Auxin Analogues.” <i>New Phytologist</i>.
    Wiley, 2013. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437">https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437</a>.'
  ieee: 'S. Simon <i>et al.</i>, “Defining the selectivity of processes along the
    auxin response chain: A study using auxin analogues,” <i>New Phytologist</i>,
    vol. 200, no. 4. Wiley, pp. 1034–1048, 2013.'
  ista: 'Simon S, Kubeš M, Baster P, Robert S, Dobrev P, Friml J, Petrášek J, Zažímalová
    E. 2013. Defining the selectivity of processes along the auxin response chain:
    A study using auxin analogues. New Phytologist. 200(4), 1034–1048.'
  mla: 'Simon, Sibu, et al. “Defining the Selectivity of Processes along the Auxin
    Response Chain: A Study Using Auxin Analogues.” <i>New Phytologist</i>, vol. 200,
    no. 4, Wiley, 2013, pp. 1034–48, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437">10.1111/nph.12437</a>.'
  short: S. Simon, M. Kubeš, P. Baster, S. Robert, P. Dobrev, J. Friml, J. Petrášek,
    E. Zažímalová, New Phytologist 200 (2013) 1034–1048.
das_tickbox: '1'
date_created: 2018-12-11T11:57:41Z
date_published: 2013-12-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-07-28T09:29:45Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '580'
department:
- _id: JiFr
doi: 10.1111/nph.12437
ec_funded: 1
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000330955300012'
fulldoi: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437
intvolume: '       200'
isi: 1
issue: '4'
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.1111/nph.12437
month: '12'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 1034 - 1048
project:
- _id: 25716A02-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425
  call_identifier: FP7
  grant_number: '282300'
  name: Polarity and subcellular dynamics in plants
publication: New Phytologist
publication_status: published
publisher: Wiley
publist_id: '4460'
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: 'Defining the selectivity of processes along the auxin response chain: A study
  using auxin analogues'
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 200
year: '2013'
...
