@article{19637,
  abstract     = {PLATO (PLAnetary Transits and Oscillations of stars) is ESA’s M3 mission designed to detect and characterise extrasolar planets and perform asteroseismic monitoring of a large number of stars. PLATO will detect small planets (down to <2R Earth) around bright stars (<11 mag), including terrestrial planets in the habitable zone of solar-like stars. With the complement of radial velocity observations from the ground, planets will be characterised for their radius, mass, and age with high accuracy (5%, 10%, 10% for an Earth-Sun combination respectively). PLATO will provide us with a large-scale catalogue of well-characterised small planets up to intermediate orbital periods, relevant for a meaningful comparison to planet formation theories and to better understand planet evolution. It will make possible comparative exoplanetology to place our Solar System planets in a broader context. In parallel, PLATO will study (host) stars using asteroseismology, allowing us to determine the stellar properties with high accuracy, substantially enhancing our knowledge of stellar structure and evolution. The payload instrument consists of 26 cameras with 12cm aperture each. For at least four years, the mission will perform high-precision photometric measurements. Here we review the science objectives, present PLATO‘s target samples and fields, provide an overview of expected core science performance as well as a description of the instrument and the mission profile towards the end of the serial production of the flight cameras. PLATO is scheduled for a launch date end 2026. This overview therefore provides a summary of the mission to the community in preparation of the upcoming operational phases.},
  author       = {Rauer, Heike and Aerts, Conny and Cabrera, Juan and Deleuil, Magali and Erikson, Anders and Gizon, Laurent and Goupil, Mariejo and Heras, Ana and Walloschek, Thomas and Lorenzo-Alvarez, Jose and Marliani, Filippo and Martin-Garcia, César and Mas-Hesse, J. Miguel and O’Rourke, Laurence and Osborn, Hugh and Pagano, Isabella and Piotto, Giampaolo and Pollacco, Don and Ragazzoni, Roberto and Ramsay, Gavin and Udry, Stéphane and Appourchaux, Thierry and Benz, Willy and Brandeker, Alexis and Güdel, Manuel and Janot-Pacheco, Eduardo and Kabath, Petr and Kjeldsen, Hans and Min, Michiel and Santos, Nuno and Smith, Alan and Suarez, Juan Carlos and Werner, Stephanie C. and Aboudan, Alessio and Abreu, Manuel and Acuña, Lorena and Adams, Moritz and Adibekyan, Vardan and Affer, Laura and Agneray, François and Agnor, Craig and Aguirre Børsen-Koch, Victor and Ahmed, Saad and Aigrain, Suzanne and Al-Bahlawan, Ashraf and Alcacera Gil, Ma De Los Angeles and Alei, Eleonora and Alencar, Silvia and Alexander, Richard and Alfonso-Garzón, Julia and Alibert, Yann and Allende Prieto, Carlos and Almeida, Leonardo and Alonso Sobrino, Roi and Altavilla, Giuseppe and Althaus, Christian and Alvarez Trujillo, Luis Alonso and Amarsi, Anish and Ammler-Von Eiff, Matthias and Amôres, Eduardo and Andrade, Laerte and Antoniadis-Karnavas, Alexandros and António, Carlos and Aparicio Del Moral, Beatriz and Appolloni, Matteo and Arena, Claudio and Armstrong, David and Aroca Aliaga, Jose and Asplund, Martin and Audenaert, Jeroen and Auricchio, Natalia and Avelino, Pedro and Baeke, Ann and Baillié, Kevin and Balado, Ana and Ballber Balagueró, Pau and Balestra, Andrea and Ball, Warrick and Ballans, Herve and Ballot, Jerome and Barban, Caroline and Barbary, Gaële and Barbieri, Mauro and Barceló Forteza, Sebastià and Barker, Adrian and Barklem, Paul and Barnes, Sydney and Barrado Navascues, David and Barragan, Oscar and Baruteau, Clément and Basu, Sarbani and Baudin, Frederic and Baumeister, Philipp and Bayliss, Daniel and Bazot, Michael and Beck, Paul G. and Belkacem, Kevin and Bellinger, Earl and Benatti, Serena and Benomar, Othman and Bérard, Diane and Bergemann, Maria and Bergomi, Maria and Bernardo, Pierre and Biazzo, Katia and Bignamini, Andrea and Bigot, Lionel and Billot, Nicolas and Binet, Martin and Biondi, David and Biondi, Federico and Birch, Aaron C. and Bitsch, Bertram and Bluhm Ceballos, Paz Victoria and Bódi, Attila and Bognár, Zsófia and Boisse, Isabelle and Bolmont, Emeline and Bonanno, Alfio and Bonavita, Mariangela and Bonfanti, Andrea and Bonfils, Xavier and Bonito, Rosaria and Bonomo, Aldo Stefano and Börner, Anko and Boro Saikia, Sudeshna and Borreguero Martín, Elisa and Borsa, Francesco and Borsato, Luca and Bossini, Diego and Bouchy, Francois and Boué, Gwenaël and Boufleur, Rodrigo and Boumier, Patrick and Bourrier, Vincent and Bowman, Dominic M. and Bozzo, Enrico and Bradley, Louisa and Bray, John and Bressan, Alessandro and Breton, Sylvain and Brienza, Daniele and Brito, Ana and Brogi, Matteo and Brown, Beverly and Brown, David J.A. and Brun, Allan Sacha and Bruno, Giovanni and Bruns, Michael and Buchhave, Lars A. and Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle and Buldgen, Gaël and Burgess, Patrick and Busatta, Andrea and Busso, Giorgia and Buzasi, Derek and Caballero, José A. and Cabral, Alexandre and Cabrero Gomez, Juan Francisco and Calderone, Flavia and Cameron, Robert and Cameron, Andrew and Campante, Tiago and Campos Gestal, Néstor and Canto Martins, Bruno Leonardo and Cara, Christophe and Carone, Ludmila and Carrasco, Josep Manel and Casagrande, Luca and Casewell, Sarah L. and Cassisi, Santi and Castellani, Marco and Castro, Matthieu and Catala, Claude and Catalán Fernández, Irene and Catelan, Márcio and Cegla, Heather and Cerruti, Chiara and Cessa, Virginie and Chadid, Merieme and Chaplin, William and Charpinet, Stephane and Chiappini, Cristina and Chiarucci, Simone and Chiavassa, Andrea and Chinellato, Simonetta and Chirulli, Giovanni and Christensen-Dalsgaard, Jørgen and Church, Ross and Claret, Antonio and Clarke, Cathie and Claudi, Riccardo and Clermont, Lionel and Coelho, Hugo and Coelho, Joao and Cogato, Fabrizio and Colomé, Josep and Condamin, Mathieu and Conde García, Fernando and Conseil, Simon and Corbard, Thierry and Correia, Alexandre C.M. and Corsaro, Enrico and Cosentino, Rosario and Costes, Jean and Cottinelli, Andrea and Covone, Giovanni and Creevey, Orlagh L. and Crida, Aurelien and Csizmadia, Szilard and Cunha, Margarida and Curry, Patrick and Da Costa, Jefferson and Da Silva, Francys and Dalal, Shweta and Damasso, Mario and Damiani, Cilia and Damiani, Francesco and Das Chagas, Maria Liduina and Davies, Melvyn and Davies, Guy and Davies, Ben and Davison, Gary and De Almeida, Leandro and De Angeli, Francesca and De Barros, Susana Cristina Cabral and De Castroleão, Izan and De Freitas, Daniel Brito and De Freitas, Marcia Cristina and De Martino, Domitilla and De Medeiros, José Renan and De Paula, Luiz Alberto and De Pedraza Gómez, Álvaro and De Plaa, Jelle and De Ridder, Joris and Deal, Morgan and Decin, Leen and Deeg, Hans and Degl’Innocenti, Scilla and Deheuvels, Sebastien and Del Burgo, Carlos and Del Sordo, Fabio and Delgado-Mena, Elisa and Demangeon, Olivier and Denk, Tilmann and Derekas, Aliz and Desert, Jean Michel and Desidera, Silvano and Dexet, Marc and Di Criscienzo, Marcella and Di Giorgio, Anna Maria and Di Mauro, Maria Pia and Diaz Rial, Federico Jose and Díaz-García, José Javier and Dima, Marco and Dinuzzi, Giacomo and Dionatos, Odysseas and Distefano, Elisa and Do Nascimento, Jose Dias and Domingo, Albert and D’Orazi, Valentina and Dorn, Caroline and Doyle, Lauren and Duarte, Elena and Ducellier, Florent and Dumaye, Luc and Dumusque, Xavier and Dupret, Marc Antoine and Eggenberger, Patrick and Ehrenreich, David and Eigmüller, Philipp and Eising, Johannes and Emilio, Marcelo and Eriksson, Kjell and Ermocida, Marco and Escate Giribaldi, Riano Isidoro and Eschen, Yoshi and Espinosa Yáñez, Lucía and Estrela, Inês and Evans, Dafydd Wyn and Fabbian, Damian and Fabrizio, Michele and Faria, João Pedro and Farina, Maria and Farinato, Jacopo and Feliz, Dax and Feltzing, Sofia and Fenouillet, Thomas and Fernández, Miguel and Ferrari, Lorenza and Ferraz-Mello, Sylvio and Fialho, Fabio and Fienga, Agnes and Figueira, Pedro and Fiori, Laura and Flaccomio, Ettore and Focardi, Mauro and Foley, Steve and Fontignie, Jean and Ford, Dominic and Fornazier, Karin and Forveille, Thierry and Fossati, Luca and Franca, Rodrigo De Marca and Franco Da Silva, Lucas and Frasca, Antonio and Fridlund, Malcolm and Furlan, Marco and Gabler, Sarah Maria and Gaido, Marco and Gallagher, Andrew and Gallego Sempere, Paloma I. and Galli, Emanuele and García, Rafael A. and García Hernández, Antonio and Garcia Munoz, Antonio and García-Vázquez, Hugo and Garrido Haba, Rafael and Gaulme, Patrick and Gauthier, Nicolas and Gehan, Charlotte and Gent, Matthew and Georgieva, Iskra and Ghigo, Mauro and Giana, Edoardo and Gill, Samuel and Girardi, Leo and Giuliatti Winter, Silvia and Giusi, Giovanni and Gomes Da Silva, João and Gómez Zazo, Luis Jorge and Gomez-Lopez, Juan Manuel and González Hernández, Jonay Isai and Gonzalez Murillo, Kevin and Gonzalo Melchor, Alejandro and Gorius, Nicolas and Gouel, Pierre Vincent and Goulty, Duncan and Granata, Valentina and Grenfell, John Lee and Grießbach, Denis and Grolleau, Emmanuel and Grouffal, Salomé and Grziwa, Sascha and Guarcello, Mario Giuseppe and Gueguen, Loïc and Guenther, Eike Wolf and Guilhem, Terrasa and Guillerot, Lucas and Guillot, Tristan and Guiot, Pierre and Guterman, Pascal and Gutiérrez, Antonio and Gutiérrez-Canales, Fernando and Hagelberg, Janis and Haldemann, Jonas and Hall, Cassandra and Handberg, Rasmus and Harrison, Ian and Harrison, Diana L. and Hasiba, Johann and Haswell, Carole A. and Hatalova, Petra and Hatzes, Artie and Haywood, Raphaelle and Hébrard, Guillaume and Heckes, Frank and Heiter, Ulrike and Hekker, Saskia and Heller, René and Helling, Christiane and Helminiak, Krzysztof and Hemsley, Simon and Heng, Kevin and Herbst, Konstantin and Hermans, Aline and Hermes, J. J. and Hidalgo Torres, Nadia and Hinkel, Natalie and Hobbs, David and Hodgkin, Simon and Hofmann, Karl and Hojjatpanah, Saeed and Houdek, Günter and Huber, Daniel and Huesler, Joseph and Hui-Bon-Hoa, Alain and Huygen, Rik and Huynh, Duc Dat and Iro, Nicolas and Irwin, Jonathan and Irwin, Mike and Izidoro, André and Jacquinod, Sophie and Jannsen, Nicholas Emborg and Janson, Markus and Jeszenszky, Harald and Jiang, Chen and Jimenez Mancebo, Antonio José and Jofre, Paula and Johansen, Anders and Johnston, Cole and Jones, Geraint and Kallinger, Thomas and Kálmán, Szilárd and Kanitz, Thomas and Karjalainen, Marie and Karjalainen, Raine and Karoff, Christoffer and Kawaler, Steven and Kawata, Daisuke and Keereman, Arnoud and Keiderling, David and Kennedy, Tom and Kenworthy, Matthew and Kerschbaum, Franz and Kidger, Mark and Kiefer, Flavien and Kintziger, Christian and Kislyakova, Kristina and Kiss, László and Klagyivik, Peter and Klahr, Hubert and Klevas, Jonas and Kochukhov, Oleg and Köhler, Ulrich and Kolb, Ulrich and Koncz, Alexander and Korth, Judith and Kostogryz, Nadiia and Kovács, Gábor and Kovács, József and Kozhura, Oleg and Krivova, Natalie and Kuĉinskas, Arūnas and Kuhlemann, Ilyas and Kupka, Friedrich and Laauwen, Wouter and Labiano, Alvaro and Lagarde, Nadege and Laget, Philippe and Laky, Gunter and Lam, Kristine Wai Fun and Lambrechts, Michiel and Lammer, Helmut and Lanza, Antonino Francesco and Lanzafame, Alessandro and Lares Martiz, Mariel and Laskar, Jacques and Latter, Henrik and Lavanant, Tony and Lawrenson, Alastair and Lazzoni, Cecilia and Lebre, Agnes and Lebreton, Yveline and Lecavelier Des Etangs, Alain and Lee, Katherine and Leinhardt, Zoe and Leleu, Adrien and Lendl, Monika and Leto, Giuseppe and Levillain, Yves and Libert, Anne Sophie and Lichtenberg, Tim and Ligi, Roxanne and Lignieres, Francois and Lillo-Box, Jorge and Linsky, Jeffrey and Liu, John Scige and Loidolt, Dominik and Longval, Yuying and Lopes, Ilídio and Lorenzani, Andrea and Ludwig, Hans Guenter and Lund, Mikkel and Lundkvist, Mia Sloth and Luri, Xavier and Maceroni, Carla and Madden, Sean and Madhusudhan, Nikku and Maggio, Antonio and Magliano, Christian and Magrin, Demetrio and Mahy, Laurent and Maibaum, Olaf and Malac-Allain, Lee Roy and Malapert, Jean Christophe and Malavolta, Luca and Maldonado, Jesus and Mamonova, Elena and Manchon, Louis and Manjón, Andres and Mann, Andrew and Mantovan, Giacomo and Marafatto, Luca and Marconi, Marcella and Mardling, Rosemary and Marigo, Paola and Marinoni, Silvia and Marques, Rico and Marques, Joao Pedro and Marrese, Paola Maria and Marshall, Douglas and Martínez Perales, Silvia and Mary, David and Marzari, Francesco and Masana, Eduard and Mascher, Andrina and Mathis, Stéphane and Mathur, Savita and Martín Vodopivec, Iris and Mattiuci Figueiredo, Ana Carolina and Maxted, Pierre F.L. and Mazeh, Tsevi and Mazevet, Stephane and Mazzei, Francesco and Mccormac, James and Mcmillan, Paul and Menou, Lucas and Merle, Thibault and Meru, Farzana and Mesa, Dino and Messina, Sergio and Mészáros, Szabolcs and Meunier, Nadége and Meunier, Jean Charles and Micela, Giuseppina and Michaelis, Harald and Michel, Eric and Michielsen, Mathias and Michtchenko, Tatiana and Miglio, Andrea and Miguel, Yamila and Milligan, David and Mirouh, Giovanni and Mitchell, Morgan and Moedas, Nuno and Molendini, Francesca and Molnár, László and Mombarg, Joey and Montalban, Josefina and Montalto, Marco and Monteiro, Mário J.P.F.G. and Montoro Sánchez, Francisco and Morales, Juan Carlos and Morales-Calderon, Maria and Morbidelli, Alessandro and Mordasini, Christoph and Moreau, Chrystel and Morel, Thierry and Morello, Giuseppe and Morin, Julien and Mortier, Annelies and Mosser, Benoît and Mourard, Denis and Mousis, Olivier and Moutou, Claire and Mowlavi, Nami and Moya, Andrés and Muehlmann, Prisca and Muirhead, Philip and Munari, Matteo and Musella, Ilaria and Mustill, Alexander James and Nardetto, Nicolas and Nardiello, Domenico and Narita, Norio and Nascimbeni, Valerio and Nash, Anna and Neiner, Coralie and Nelson, Richard P. and Nettelmann, Nadine and Nicolini, Gianalfredo and Nielsen, Martin and Niemi, Sami Matias and Noack, Lena and Noels-Grotsch, Arlette and Noll, Anthony and Norazman, Azib and Norton, Andrew J. and Nsamba, Benard and Ofir, Aviv and Ogilvie, Gordon and Olander, Terese and Olivetto, Christian and Olofsson, Göran and Ong, Joel and Ortolani, Sergio and Oshagh, Mahmoudreza and Ottacher, Harald and Ottensamer, Roland and Ouazzani, Rhita Maria and Paardekooper, Sijme Jan and Pace, Emanuele and Pajas, Miriam and Palacios, Ana and Palandri, Gaelle and Palle, Enric and Paproth, Carsten and Parro, Vanderlei and Parviainen, Hannu and Pascual Granado, Javier and Passegger, Vera Maria and Pastor-Morales, Carmen and Pätzold, Martin and Pedersen, May Gade and Pena Hidalgo, David and Pepe, Francesco and Pereira, Filipe and Persson, Carina M. and Pertenais, Martin and Peter, Gisbert and Petit, Antoine C. and Petit, Pascal and Pezzuto, Stefania and Pichierri, Gabriele and Pietrinferni, Adriano and Pinheiro, Fernando and Pinsonneault, Marc and Plachy, Emese and Plasson, Philippe and Plez, Bertrand and Poppenhaeger, Katja and Poretti, Ennio and Portaluri, Elisa and Portell, Jordi and Porto De Mello, Gustavo Frederico and Poyatos, Julien and Pozuelos, Francisco J. and Prada Moroni, Pier Giorgio and Pricopi, Dumitru and Prisinzano, Loredana and Quade, Matthias and Quirrenbach, Andreas and Rabanal Reina, Julio Arturo and Rabello Soares, Maria Cristina and Raimondo, Gabriella and Rainer, Monica and Ramón Rodón, Jose and Ramón-Ballesta, Alejandro and Ramos Zapata, Gonzalo and Rätz, Stefanie and Rauterberg, Christoph and Redman, Bob and Redmer, Ronald and Reese, Daniel and Regibo, Sara and Reiners, Ansgar and Reinhold, Timo and Renie, Christian and Ribas, Ignasi and Ribeiro, Sergio and Ricciardi, Thiago Pereira and Rice, Ken and Richard, Olivier and Riello, Marco and Rieutord, Michel and Ripepi, Vincenzo and Rixon, Guy and Rockstein, Steve and Rodón Ortiz, José Ramón and Rodrigo Rodríguez, María Teresa and Rodríguez Amor, Alberto and Rodríguez Díaz, Luisa Fernanda and Rodriguez Garcia, Juan Pablo and Rodriguez-Gomez, Julio and Roehlly, Yannick and Roig, Fernando and Rojas-Ayala, Bárbara and Rolf, Tobias and Rørsted, Jakob Lysgaard and Rosado, Hugo and Rosotti, Giovanni and Roth, Olivier and Roth, Markus and Rousseau, Alex and Roxburgh, Ian and Roy, Fabrice and Royer, Pierre and Ruane, Kirk and Rufini Mastropasqua, Sergio and Ruiz De Galarreta, Claudia and Russi, Andrea and Saar, Steven and Saillenfest, Melaine and Salaris, Maurizio and Salmon, Sebastien and Saltas, Ippocratis and Samadi, Réza and Samadi, Aunia and Samra, Dominic and Sanches Da Silva, Tiago and Sánchez Carrasco, Miguel Andrés and Santerne, Alexandre and Santiago Pé, Amaia and Santoli, Francesco and Santos, Ängela R.G. and Sanz Mesa, Rosario and Sarro, Luis Manuel and Scandariato, Gaetano and Schäfer, Martin and Schlafly, Edward and Schmider, François Xavier and Schneider, Jean and Schou, Jesper and Schunker, Hannah and Schwarzkopf, Gabriel Jörg and Serenelli, Aldo and Seynaeve, Dries and Shan, Yutong and Shapiro, Alexander and Shipman, Russel and Sicilia, Daniela and Sierra Sanmartin, Maria Angeles and Sigot, Axelle and Silliman, Kyle and Silvotti, Roberto and Simon, Attila E. and Simoyama Napoli, Ricardo and Skarka, Marek and Smalley, Barry and Smiljanic, Rodolfo and Smit, Samuel and Smith, Alexis and Smith, Leigh and Snellen, Ignas and Sódor, Ádám and Sohl, Frank and Solanki, Sami K. and Sortino, Francesca and Sousa, Sérgio and Southworth, John and Souto, Diogo and Sozzetti, Alessandro and Stamatellos, Dimitris and Stassun, Keivan and Steller, Manfred and Stello, Dennis and Stelzer, Beate and Stiebeler, Ulrike and Stokholm, Amalie and Storelvmo, Trude and Strassmeier, Klaus and Strøm, Paul Anthony and Strugarek, Antoine and Sulis, Sophia and Švanda, Michal and Szabados, László and Szabó, Róbert and Szabó, Gyula M. and Szuszkiewicz, Ewa and Talens, Geert Jan and Teti, Daniele and Theisen, Tom and Thévenin, Frédéric and Thoul, Anne and Tiphene, Didier and Titz-Weider, Ruth and Tkachenko, Andrew and Tomecki, Daniel and Tonfat, Jorge and Tosi, Nicola and Trampedach, Regner and Traven, Gregor and Triaud, Amaury and Trønnes, Reidar and Tsantaki, Maria and Tschentscher, Matthias and Turin, Arnaud and Tvaruzka, Adam and Ulmer, Bernd and Ulmer-Moll, Solène and Ulusoy, Ceren and Umbriaco, Gabriele and Valencia, Diana and Valentini, Marica and Valio, Adriana and Valverde Guijarro, Ángel Luis and Van Eylen, Vincent and Van Grootel, Valerie and Van Kempen, Tim A. and Van Reeth, Timothy and Van Zelst, Iris and Vandenbussche, Bart and Vasiliou, Konstantinos and Vasilyev, Valeriy and Vaz De Mascarenhas, David and Vazan, Allona and Vela Nunez, Marina and Velloso, Eduardo Nunes and Ventura, Rita and Ventura, Paolo and Venturini, Julia and Vera Trallero, Isabel and Veras, Dimitri and Verdugo, Eva and Verma, Kuldeep and Vibert, Didier and Vicanek Martinez, Tobias and Vida, Krisztián and Vigan, Arthur and Villacorta, Antonio and Villaver, Eva and Villaverde Aparicio, Marcos and Viotto, Valentina and Vorobyov, Eduard and Vorontsov, Sergey and Wagner, Frank W. and Walton, Nicholas and Walton, Dave and Wang, Haiyang and Waters, Rens and Watson, Christopher and Wedemeyer, Sven and Weeks, Angharad and Weingrill, Jörg and Weiss, Annita and Wendler, Belinda and West, Richard and Westerdorff, Karsten and Westphal, Pierre Amaury and Wheatley, Peter and White, Tim and Whittaker, Amadou and Wickhusen, Kai and Wilson, Thomas and Windsor, James and Winter, Othon and Winther, Mark Lykke and Winton, Alistair and Witteck, Ulrike and Witzke, Veronika and Woitke, Peter and Wolter, David and Wuchterl, Günther and Wyatt, Mark and Yang, Dan and Yu, Jie and Zanmar Sanchez, Ricardo and Zapatero Osorio, María Rosa and Zechmeister, Mathias and Zhou, Yixiao and Ziemke, Claas and Zwintz, Konstanze and Böhm, Torsten and Dansac, Léo Michel},
  issn         = {1572-9508},
  journal      = {Experimental Astronomy},
  number       = {3},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{The PLATO mission}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s10686-025-09985-9},
  volume       = {59},
  year         = {2025},
}

@unpublished{21309,
  abstract     = {The polarization of light is a critically under-utilized, rich source of information in astronomy. For stars in particular, surface magnetism polarization that can be detected and measured with spectro-polarimetry. Many questions about these surface fields remain unanswered due to a lack of dedicated instruments capable of probing weak and strong surface magnetic fields for the entire mass range of stars, from M-dwarfs (and even substellar objects) to massive O-type stars at different evolutionary stages and metallicities. These questions range from the origin of these fields to their true incidence rate throughout the stellar population and the dependence on metallicity. Magnetic fields, although currently often excluded from stellar evolution models, play an important role in stellar evolution. Connecting the surface fields to internal fields through asteroseismology will instigate a new era of understanding stellar evolution and the transport of angular momentum and chemical elements throughout stellar interiors, also impacting our understanding of star-planet interactions and stellar remnants. Polarimetry is also an under-utilized tool to observationally constrain the mode identification of nonradial oscillations, which lies at the basis of accurate asteroseismic parameter estimation at percentage-level for stellar radii, masses, ages, internal rotation, and magnetic field strengths. Combining strong constraints on mode identification and surface magnetic properties through the acquisition of time-resolved, high-resolution and high-signal-to-noise (S/N) spectro-polarimetry and spectroscopy promises to bring leaps forward in our understanding of stellar structure, particularly when combined with long-term space photometric data from past, current, and future missions.},
  author       = {Vandersnickt, J. and Armenta, R. Ochoa and Vanlaer, V. and A. David-Uraz, A. David-Uraz and Aerts, C. and Das, S. B. and Bouret, J. -C. and Bowman, D. M. and Bugnet, Lisa Annabelle and Khalack, V. and J. Labadie-Bartz, J. Labadie-Bartz and Mathis, S. and Nazé, Y. and Neiner, C. and Petit, P. and Petit, V. and K. Thomson-Paressant, K. Thomson-Paressant and Doorsselaere, T. Van and Vanrespaille, M.},
  booktitle    = {arXiv},
  title        = {{Expanding stellar horizons with polarized light}},
  doi          = {10.48550/arXiv.2512.15170},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{20864,
  abstract     = {Studies of the distant Universe are providing key insights into our understanding of the formation of galaxies. The advent of the James Webb Space Telescope (JWST) has significantly enhanced our observational capabilities, leading to an expanded redshift frontier, providing unprecedented detail in the characterisation of early galaxies and enabling the discovery of new populations of accreting black holes. This review aims to provide an introduction to the basic processes and components that shape the observed spectra of galaxies, with a focus on their relevance to techniques with which high-redshift galaxies are selected. The review further introduces specific topics that have attracted significant attention in recent literature, including the discovery of highly efficient galaxy formation in the early Universe, the relation between galaxies and the process of reionization, new insights into the formation of the first stars and the enrichment of interstellar gas with heavy elements, and breakthroughs in our understanding of the origins of supermassive black holes.},
  author       = {Matthee, Jorryt J},
  issn         = {1366-5812},
  journal      = {Contemporary Physics},
  number       = {1-4},
  pages        = {116--151},
  publisher    = {Taylor & Francis},
  title        = {{JWST provides a new view of cosmic dawn: Latest developments in studies of early galaxies}},
  doi          = {10.1080/00107514.2025.2586370},
  volume       = {66},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{21322,
  abstract     = {Habitat fragmentation poses a significant risk to population survival, causing both demographic stochasticity and genetic drift within local populations to increase, thereby increasing genetic load. Higher load causes population numbers to decline, which reduces the efficiency of selection and further increases load, resulting in a positive feedback that may drive entire populations to extinction. Here, we investigate this eco-evolutionary feedback in a metapopulation consisting of local demes connected via migration, with individuals subject to deleterious mutation at a large number of loci. We first analyze the determinants of load under soft selection, where population sizes are fixed, and then build on this to understand hard selection, where population sizes and load coevolve. We show that under soft selection, very little gene flow (less than one migrant per generation) is enough to prevent fixation of deleterious alleles. By contrast, much higher levels of migration are required to mitigate load and prevent extinction when selection is hard, with critical migration thresholds for metapopulation persistence increasing sharply as the genome-wide deleterious mutation rate becomes comparable to the baseline population growth rate. Moreover, critical migration thresholds are highest if deleterious mutations have intermediate selection coefficients but lower if alleles are predominantly recessive rather than additive (due to more efficient purging of recessive load within local populations). Our analysis is based on a combination of analytical approximations and simulations, allowing for a more comprehensive understanding of the factors influencing load and extinction in fragmented populations.},
  author       = {Olusanya, Oluwafunmilola O and Khudiakova, Kseniia and Sachdeva, Himani},
  issn         = {1537-5323},
  journal      = {The American Naturalist},
  number       = {6},
  pages        = {617--636},
  publisher    = {University of Chicago Press},
  title        = {{Genetic load, eco-evolutionary feedback, and extinction in metapopulations}},
  doi          = {10.1086/735562},
  volume       = {205},
  year         = {2025},
}

@misc{21668,
  abstract     = {This artifact allows to review and reproduce the experiments from the paper *A Revised Practitioner's Guide to MDP Model Checking Algorithms*.
The package contains all original logfiles and derived data used to generate the plots as in the paper. Furthermore, the artifact contains the model checking tools `Storm` and `mcsta` in the version exercised in the paper, the used Docker container, as well as benchmark instances and execution scripts to reproduce the experiments.

See also the artifact of the conference paper: https://zenodo.org/records/7509474},
  author       = {Hartmanns, Arnd and Junges, Sebastian and Quatmann, Tim and Weininger, Maximilian},
  publisher    = {Zenodo},
  title        = {{Benchmark data for the revised practitioner's guide to MDP model checking algorithms}},
  doi          = {10.5281/ZENODO.14500423},
  year         = {2025},
}

@unpublished{20982,
  abstract     = {Plant cells respond to a wide range of stimuli through intracellular calcium (Ca2+) signaling. Cyclic nucleotide-gated channels (CNGCs) are a major class of plant Ca2+ channels, with 20 homologs in Arabidopsis. These tetrameric plasma membrane proteins act downstream of diverse signals, such as phytohormones, extracellular damage, cell wall integrity or temperature. Here, we identify a class of plant-specific proteins, Armadillo Repeat Only (ARO), as essential regulators of possibly all plant CNGCs. Abrogation of functional sporophytic AROs results in a phenotypic pattern strongly reminiscent of CNGC dysfunction, including defects in root gravitropism, root hair growth and morphology, stomatal movement, and responses to extracellular ATP and the phytohormone auxin. aro2/3/4 mutants are fully resistant to the toxic effects caused by overexpression of CNGCs. AROs colocalize and physically interact with multiple CNGCs and modulate CNGC-dependent currents in Xenopus oocytes. Structural modeling and site-directed mutagenesis reveal AROs tetramer formation surrounding the CNGC channel, interacting via its IQ domain. Taken together, plant CNGC channels don’t act alone, but in a larger complex - channelosome, first of a kind in plants.},
  author       = {Kulich, Ivan and Oulehlová, Denisa and Vladimirtsev, Dmitrii and Zou, Minxia and Lileikyte, Edita and Bondar, Alexey and Kulichová, Katarína and Janda, Martin and Iakovenko, Oksana and Neubergerová, Michaela and Studtrucker, Tanja and Pleskot, Roman and Dietrich, Petra and Fendrych, Matyas and Friml, Jiří},
  booktitle    = {bioRxiv},
  title        = {{Armadillo repeat only proteins are required for the function of plant CNGC channels}},
  doi          = {10.1101/2025.01.06.631460},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{20260,
  abstract     = {The medial axis of a set consists of the points in the ambient space without a unique closest point in the original set. Since its introduction, the medial axis has been used extensively in many applications as a method of computing a skeleton topologically equivalent to the original set. Unfortunately, one limiting factor in the use of the medial axis of a smooth manifold is that it is not necessarily topologically stable under small perturbations of the manifold. To counter these instabilities, various prunings of the medial axis have been proposed in the computational geometry community. Here, we examine one type of pruning, called burning. Because of the good experimental results it was hoped that the burning method of simplifying the medial axis would be stable. In this work, we show a simple example that dashes such hopes. Based on Bing’s house with two rooms, we demonstrate an isotopy of a shape where the medial axis goes from collapsible to non-collapsible. More precisely, we consider the standard deformation retract from the closed ball to Bing’s house with two rooms, but stop just short of the point where Bing’s house becomes two dimensional. This way we obtain an isotopy from the 3-ball to a thickened version of Bing’s house. Under this isotopy, the medial axis goes from collapsible to non-collapsible. We stress that this isotopy can be made generic, in the sense of singularity theory, as developed by Arnol’d and Thom.},
  author       = {Chambers, Erin Wolf and Fillmore, Christopher D and Stephenson, Elizabeth R and Wintraecken, Mathijs},
  issn         = {2730-9657},
  journal      = {La Matematica},
  pages        = {811--828},
  publisher    = {Springer Nature},
  title        = {{Burning or collapsing the medial axis is unstable}},
  doi          = {10.1007/s44007-025-00170-0},
  volume       = {4},
  year         = {2025},
}

@inproceedings{20819,
  abstract     = {Clustering is a cornerstone of data analysis that is particularly suited to identifying coherent subgroups or substructures in unlabeled data, as are generated continuously in large amounts these days. However, in many cases traditional clustering methods are not applicable, because data are increasingly being produced and stored in a distributed way, e.g. on edge devices, and privacy concerns prevent it from being transferred to a central server. To address this challenge, we present FedDP-KMeans, a new algorithm for 
-means clustering that is fully-federated as well as differentially private. Our approach leverages (potentially small and out-of-distribution) server-side data to overcome the primary challenge of differentially private clustering methods: the need for a good initialization. Combining our initialization with a simple federated DP-Lloyds algorithm we obtain an algorithm that achieves excellent results on synthetic and real-world benchmark tasks. We also provide a theoretical analysis of our method that provides bounds on the convergence speed and cluster identification success.},
  author       = {Scott, Jonathan A and Lampert, Christoph and Saulpic, David},
  booktitle    = {42nd International Conference on Machine Learning},
  issn         = {2640-3498},
  location     = {Vancouver, Canada},
  pages        = {53757--53790},
  publisher    = {ML Research Press},
  title        = {{Differentially private federated k-means clustering with server-side data}},
  volume       = {267},
  year         = {2025},
}

@unpublished{21207,
  abstract     = {Personalized federated learning has emerged as a popular approach to training on devices holding statistically heterogeneous data, known as clients. However, most existing approaches require a client to have labeled data for training or finetuning in order to obtain their own personalized model. In this paper we address this by proposing FLowDUP, a novel method that is able to generate a personalized model using only a forward pass with unlabeled data. The generated model parameters reside in a low-dimensional subspace, enabling efficient communication and computation. FLowDUP's learning objective is theoretically motivated by our new transductive multi-task PAC-Bayesian generalization bound, that provides performance guarantees for unlabeled clients. The objective is structured in such a way that it allows both clients with labeled data and clients with only unlabeled data to contribute to the training process. To supplement our theoretical results we carry out a thorough experimental evaluation of FLowDUP, demonstrating strong empirical performance on a range of datasets with differing sorts of statistically heterogeneous clients. Through numerous ablation studies, we test the efficacy of the individual components of the method.},
  author       = {Zakerinia, Hossein and Scott, Jonathan A and Lampert, Christoph},
  booktitle    = {arXiv},
  title        = {{Federated learning with unlabeled clients: Personalization can happen in low dimensions}},
  doi          = {10.48550/ARXIV.2505.15579},
  year         = {2025},
}

@unpublished{21050,
  abstract     = {In 1873, James C. Maxwell conjectured that the electric field generated by $n$ point charges in generic position has at most $(n-1)^2$ isolated zeroes. The first (non-optimal) upper bound was only obtained in 2007 by Gabrielov, Novikov and Shapiro, who also posed two additional interesting conjectures.
 In this article, we give the best upper bound known to date on the number of zeroes of the electric field, and construct a counterexample to a conjecture of Gabrielov, Novikov and Shapiro that the number of equilibria cannot exceed those of the distance function defined by the unit point charges.
 Finally, we note that it is quite possible that Maxwell's quadratic upper bound is not tight, so it is prudent to find smaller bounds. Hence, we also explore examples and construct configurations of charges achieving the highest ratios of the number of electric field zeroes by point charges found to this day.},
  author       = {Edelsbrunner, Herbert and Fillmore, Christopher D and Olivera, Gonçalo},
  booktitle    = {arXiv},
  title        = {{Counting equilibria of the electrostatic potential}},
  doi          = {10.48550/ARXIV.2501.05315},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{19684,
  abstract     = {The overarching goal of this thesis is to break down the complexity of turbulent flows in terms of enumerable, coherent structures and patterns. In a five-paper series, we adopt a variety of perspectives and techniques to relate the properties of systems of increasing complexity to their underlying coherent structures. 

Initially, we take a dynamical systems point of view, seeing turbulent flow as a chaotic trajectory bouncing between exact unstable solutions of the underlying equations of motion. Using persistent homology, the main tool of topological data analysis capturing the persistence across scales of topological features in a point cloud, we introduce a method that quantifies visits of turbulent trajectories to unstable time-periodic solutions, also called periodic orbits. We demonstrate this method first in the Rössler and Kuramoto–Sivashinsky systems. Using this method in 3D Kolmogorov flow, we extract a Markov chain from turbulent data, where each node corresponds to the neighbourhood of a periodic orbit. The invariant distribution of this Markov chain reproduces expectation values on turbulent data when it is used to weight averages on the respective periodic orbits.

In more realistic, wall-bounded settings, such as plane-Couette flow (pcf) driven by the relative motion of the walls, or plane-Poiseuille flow (ppf) driven by a pressure gradient, finding exact solutions is difficult. We use dynamic mode decomposition (DMD), a dimensionality reduction method for sequential data, to identify and approximate low-dimensional dynamics without knowing any exact solutions. Most spatially-extended systems are equivariant under translations, and in such cases spatial drifts dominate DMD, hindering its use in the search for and modelling of low-dimensional dynamics. We augment DMD with a symmetry reduction method trained on turbulent data to stop it from seeing translations as a feature, improving its ability to extract dynamical information in translation-equivariant systems. We find segments of turbulent trajectories that linearize well with their symmetry-reduced DMD spectra, akin to dynamics near exact solutions. Searching for harmonics in the spectra gives leads for periodic orbits with spatial drifts, one of which converges to a new solution.

In larger domains, turbulence can localize and coexist with surrounding laminar flow. Our preceding approaches are global, taking all of a domain into account at once, and cannot readily treat each localized patch individually. Working first in a minimal oblique domain that can host a single 1D-localized turbulent patch, we find that turbulence in ppf is connected to a stable periodic orbit at a flow velocity much lower than when turbulence is first onset. We show that, well in advance of sustained turbulence, chaos sets in explosively, and for long time horizons, time series are consistent with that of a random process.

Finally, in much larger domains, we study and compare 2D-localized turbulence that appears as large-scale inclined structures, called stripes, in ppf and pcf. While appearing similar, we find that stripes in these two settings differ significantly in terms of how they sustain themselves, and in higher velocities, how they proliferate.},
  author       = {Yalniz, Gökhan},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {155},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Transition to turbulence : Data-, solution-, and pattern-driven approaches}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-19684},
  year         = {2025},
}

@article{19795,
  abstract     = {Super-resolution microscopy often entails long acquisition times of minutes to hours. Since drifts during the acquisition adversely affect data quality, active sample stabilization is commonly used for some of these techniques to reach their full potential. Although drifts in the lateral plane can often be corrected after acquisition, this is not always possible or may come with drawbacks. Therefore, it is appealing to stabilize sample position in three dimensions (3D) during acquisition. Various schemes for active sample stabilization have been demonstrated previously, with some reaching sub-nanometer stability in 3D. Here, we present a scheme for active drift correction that delivers the nanometer-scale 3D stability demanded by state-of-the-art super-resolution techniques and is straightforward to implement compared to previous schemes capable of reaching this level of stabilization precision. Using a refined algorithm that can handle various types of reference structure, without sparse signal peaks being mandatory, we stabilized sample position to ∼1 nm in 3D using objective lenses both with high and low numerical aperture. Our implementation requires only the addition of a simple widefield imaging path and we provide an open-source control software with graphical user interface to facilitate easy adoption of the module. Finally, we demonstrate how this has the potential to enhance data collection for diffraction-limited and super-resolution imaging techniques using single-molecule localization microscopy and cryo-confocal imaging as showcases.},
  author       = {Vorlaufer, Jakob and Semenov, Nikolai and Kreuzinger, Caroline and Javoor, Manjunath and Zens, Bettina and Agudelo Duenas, Nathalie and Tavakoli, Mojtaba and Suplata, Marek and Jahr, Wiebke and Lyudchik, Julia and Wartak, Andreas and Schur, Florian Km and Danzl, Johann G},
  issn         = {2667-0747},
  journal      = {Biophysical Reports},
  number       = {2},
  publisher    = {Elsevier},
  title        = {{Image-based 3D active sample stabilization on the nanometer scale for optical microscopy}},
  doi          = {10.1016/j.bpr.2025.100211},
  volume       = {5},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{18979,
  abstract     = {Topological Data Analysis (TDA) is a discipline utilizing the mathematical field of topology to study data, most prominently collections of point sets. This thesis summarizes three projects related to computations in TDA.

The first one establishes a variant of TDA for chromatic point sets, where each point is given a color. For example, we are given positions of cells within a tumor microenvironment, and color the cancerous cells red, and the immune cells blue.

The aim is then to give a quantitative description of how the two or more sets of points spatially interact. Building on image, kernel and cokernel variants of persistent homology, we suggest six-packs of persistent diagrams as such a descriptor.

We describe a construction of a chromatic alpha complex, which enables  efficient computation of several variants of the six-packs. We give topological descriptions of natural subcomplexes of the chromatic alpha complex, and show that the radii of the simplices form a discrete Morse function. Finally, we provide an implementation of the presented chromatic TDA pipeline.

The second part aims to translate a powerful tool of sheaf theory to elementary terms using labeled matrices. The goal is to enable their use in computational settings. We show that derived categories of sheaves over finite posets have, up to isomorphism, unique objects---minimal injective resolutions---and give a concrete algorithm to compute them. We further describe simple algorithms to compute derived pushforwards and pullbacks for monotonic maps, and their proper variants for inclusions, and demonstrate their tractability by providing an implementation. Finally, we suggest a discrete definition of microsupport and show desirable properties inspired by discrete Morse theory.

In the last part, we present a collection of observations about collapses. We give a characterization of collapsibility in terms of unitriangular submatrices of the boundary matrix, a cotree-tree decomposition, and the optimal solution to a variant of the Procrustes problem. We establish relation between dual collapses and relative Morse theory and pose several open questions. Finally, focusing on complexes embedded in the three-dimensional Euclidean space, we describe a relation between the collapsibility and the triviality of a polygonal knot.},
  author       = {Draganov, Ondrej},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  keywords     = {topological data analysis, chromatic point set, alpha complex, persistent homology, six pack, sheaf, microlocal discrete Morse, injective resolution, collapse, knot, discrete Morse theory},
  pages        = {140},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Structures and computations in topological data analysis}},
  doi          = {10.15479/at:ista:18979},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{20206,
  abstract     = {The internal structure of biomolecules and their organization in higher-order arrangements are key factors governing the working principles of biological systems. Bioimaging has successfully revealed arrangements across relevant spatial scales. For example, cryo-electron tomography has become widely used for analyzing biomolecular structures in situ due to its comprehensive structural visualization of near-natively preserved samples, and its capability of sub-nm resolution via averaging. However, the identification of molecules within crowded cellular environments is often hindered by low contrast. Fluorescence microscopy, on the other hand, routinely visualizes specifically labeled targets at single-molecule contrast against essentially zero background. Moreover, it provides comparatively high throughput and is amenable to multiplexing. Due to this complementarity, combining datasets from both modalities acquired on the same region via correlative light and electron microscopy can reveal novel types of information. 
The spatial scale at which information can be extracted depends on imaging resolution and correlation accuracy. Since diffraction of light limits the resolution of conventional fluorescence microscopy to few hundreds of nanometers, reaching the full potential of correlative imaging requires super-resolution approaches. Performing imaging at cryogenic temperature preserves structures in a near-native state and minimizes distortions between the fluorescence and the electron microscopy datasets. Implementations of this concept have achieved correlation on the scale of cellular organelles or bacterial domains.
We have worked towards pushing correlative imaging to the single-molecule scale by improving cryo-super-resolution microscopy, and devising a refined image correlation workflow. As part of this project, I constructed a microscopy setup and adopted it for super-resolution fluorescence microscopy at room temperature and cryogenic conditions. I explored different cryo-stages and acquisition strategies. Specifically, I developed a new scheme for correcting sample drift, thus increasing mechanical stability during microscopy acquisitions.
},
  author       = {Vorlaufer, Jakob},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {107},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Construction of a cryo-super-resolution microscope to guide in situ structure analysis}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-20206},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{19395,
  abstract     = {Plant growth and development rely significantly on phytohormones, with auxin serving as a master regulator, orchestrating processes from embryogenesis to organogenesis, vascular patterning, and environmental adaptation. Since its conceptual proposition by Charles Darwin in 1880 as an endogenous chemical signal influencing phototropism in grass, auxin has captivated scientists seeking to understand how such a small molecule exerts a profound influence on plant development.
One particularly fascinating aspect of auxin function is its ability to self-organize its transport. Through a feedback mechanism between auxin perception and directional transport—primarily mediated by PIN auxin transporters—auxin establishes narrow transport channels. This phenomenon, known as auxin canalization, is fundamental to vascular formation, regeneration, and other key developmental processes. Despite advances in our understanding, driven by experimental studies and computational models, auxin canalization remains an enigma, with many unanswered questions.
Like other hormones, auxin functions through intricate signaling pathways. It operates through at least two distinct signaling mechanisms: the well-characterized canonical pathway and the less understood non-canonical pathway. While significant progress has been made in elucidating the canonical pathway, the non-canonical mechanisms remain less defined and require further investigation.
In this study, we revisit the non-canonical auxin signaling pathway mediated by the cell-surface complex Auxin Binding Protein 1-Transmembrane Kinase 1 (ABP1-TMK1), with a particular focus on its downstream phosphorylation events. We reveal that this auxin-mediated phosphorylation is conserved across the green lineage, underscoring its fundamental role in plant development. We explore key phosphorylation targets, particularly PIN2, which is essential for root gravitropism. To further understand TMK1’s role in diverse developmental processes, we identified and investigated its interactors as potential co-receptors or regulatory components within its signaling network.
Given the previously established role of ABP1-TMK1 in auxin canalization, we sought to further investigate this process and identified several TMK1 interactors also involved in this intricate mechanism.
These findings provide new insights into the complex regulation of auxin canalization, highlighting a broader and more interconnected signaling framework than previously understood.},
  author       = {Monzer, Aline},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {160},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Cell-Surface Auxin Signaling: Linking molecular pathways to plant development}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-19395},
  year         = {2025},
}

@unpublished{19398,
  abstract     = {Receptor-like kinases (RLKs), particularly the Transmembrane Kinase (TMK) family, play essential roles in signaling and development, with TMKs being key components of auxin perception and downstream phosphorylation events. While TMKs’ involvement in auxin canalization, a process essential for vasculature formation and regeneration, has been established, nonetheless, the additional signaling and regulatory partners remain poorly understood. In this study, we identify and characterize seven leucine-rich repeat RLKs (TINT1–TINT7) as novel interactors of TMK1, revealing their diverse evolutionary, structural, and functional characteristics. Our results show that TINTs interact with TMK1 and highlight their roles in regulating various developmental processes. Majority of TINTs contributes, together with TMK1, to auxin canalization, with TINT5 linking TMK1 to other canalization component CAMEL. Beyond canalization, we also establish the role of TINT-TMK1 interactions in processes such as stomatal movement and the hypocotyl’s gravitropic response. These findings suggest that TINTs, through their interaction with TMK1, are integral components of various signaling networks, contributing to both auxin canalization and broader plant development.},
  author       = {Monzer, Aline and Mazur, Ewa and Rodriguez Solovey, Lesia and Gallei, Michelle C and Zou, Minxia and Smejkal, Michael and Cervenova, Ema and Friml, Jiří},
  booktitle    = {bioRxiv},
  publisher    = {Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory},
  title        = {{TMK interacting network of receptor like kinases for auxin canalization and beyond}},
  doi          = {10.1101/2025.02.28.640727},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{19393,
  abstract     = {Rotations constitute one of the fundamental symmetries in physics, characterized by their intricate group structure and infinite dimensional representations. In contrast to classical rotations, quantum mechanics unveils the SO(3) symmetry group structure, manifesting in phenomena without classical counterparts, from angular momentum quantization to non-trivial addition of angular momenta.
While most studies of topological physics have focused on two-band systems, the SO(3) symmetry group of quantum rotors offers an inherently more complex platform with unprecedented possibilities for exploring topological phenomena. Despite their ubiquity in nature– from molecules to nanorotors– their potential for hosting topological phases has remained largely unexamined.
In this thesis, we mainly focus on periodically driven linear molecules as a prototype for studying topological phenomena in quantum rotors. Recent technological advances in coherent control of molecules, particularly through precisely shaped laser pulses, have made it possible to investigate linear rotors in the context of topology. While planar rotors have received some attention in recent years, threedimensional rotors–particularly linear molecules–harbor substantially richer topological phenomena due to their non-abelian nature and their additional angular degrees of freedom. We demonstrate that these systems can host novel edge states and topological features fundamentally impossible in planar systems.
We begin by establishing a theoretical bridge between periodically kicked rotors and "crystalline" lattices in angular momentum space. Using non-interacting linear molecules as our primary example, we show how quantum interference and revival patterns lead to the possibility to simulate band models with arbitrary number of bands N. While our framework applies to various quantum rotors, including nanorotors and kicked Bose-Einstein condensates, linear
molecules provide an ideal experimental platform due to their abovementioned precise controllability.
The core of this work examines adiabatic dynamics of 3D quantum rotors, establishing a geometric framework based on the Euler class to characterize its non-abelian topology. The non-Hermitian nature of the system enables novel braiding behaviors and topological transitions impossible in static systems, leading to an anomalous Dirac string phase with edge states in each gap, even though the Berry phases are all zero. These features can be directly observed through
molecular alignment and rotational level populations.
These findings establish quantum rotors as an alternative platform for studying multi-band topological physics, while suggesting practical implementations for quantum computation where topological protection could offer natural resilience against decoherence. The rich structure of three-dimensional rotation groups, combined with the tunability of topological features through driving parameters, makes this platform particularly valuable for exploring fundamental
physics and developing quantum technologies.},
  author       = {Karle, Volker},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {192},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Non-equilibrium topological phases with periodically driven molecules and quantum rotors}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-19393},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{20138,
  abstract     = {The evolution shapes the world around us.
Not only in biology, where the fittest individuals spread their genes but also in physics and social dynamics, the evolutionary forces determine the development of a state of matter or public opinions.
Many models describe these dynamics.
This thesis examines the role of the structure in the models of selection.
The population structure is represented as a graph or a network, and each vertex is occupied by one individual.
Every individual has a type and fitness that represents the reproductive potential and depends on the type, occupied vertex, and the arrangement of the neighbors.
The evolution is modeled in discrete steps; in one step, one individual is replaced by a neighbor selected randomly with the influence of fitness.



The role of the networks is widely examined in the literature.
The structures that promote the spread of the desired type compared to the structureless case are called amplifiers.
The existence of amplifiers in various settings is an intensively studied topic, and in some settings, the amplifiers have been identified.
Moreover, there are other important questions about the number of steps until one type spreads over the whole network (fixation time), the computational complexity, and the questions about the robustness of these processes.


This thesis explores the role of structure in evolution from many perspectives.
First, it introduces different models and various choices that can be made in the models of evolution.
It highlights the role of the structure in the real world and how this is reflected in these models.
Then, it describes the previous results and open problems.
Second, the thesis describes an amplifier for two variants of the Moran process: one with a constant birth rate and the other with a constant death rate.
This is an important contribution to the robustness of the amplification.
Third, the thesis determines the complexity of spatial games.
These are processes where the fitness comes from a game, and the strength of selection is high.
It shows that determining the fate of cooperation in these games is a PSPACE-complete problem.
Fourth, the thesis describes the amplifier of cooperation for spatial games.
This is the first amplifier in this setting.
Fifth, the thesis examines the coexistence in the Moran process with environmental heterogeneity.
In this setting, the fitness depends not only on the type of the individual but also on the occupied vertex.
The chapter determines the relationship between the interactions of vertices of different types and the coexistence time.
Sixth, the thesis examines the social balance on networks and proposes a stochastic dynamic partially aware of the state of the graph, which reaches a balanced position quickly.
Finally, the thesis presents conclusions and outlines the directions for future work.


},
  author       = {Svoboda, Jakub},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {167},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Structural properties of games on graphs}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-20138},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{20117,
  author       = {Wang, Yiqun},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {108},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{The role of dynamin related protein 2A in cytokinin regulated plant growth and development}},
  doi          = {10.15479/AT-ISTA-20117},
  year         = {2025},
}

@phdthesis{19759,
  abstract     = {Despite generating remarkable results in various computer vision tasks, deep learning comes
with some surprising shortcomings. For example, tiny perturbations, often imperceptible to
the human eye, can completely change the predictions of image classifiers. Despite a decade
of research, the field has made limited progress in developing image classifiers that are both
accurate and robust. This thesis aims to address this gap.
As our first contribution, we aim to simplify the process of training certifiably robust image
classifiers. We do this by designing a convolutional layer that does not require executing an
iterative procedure in every forward pass, but relies on an explicit bound instead. We also
propose a loss function that allows optimizing for a particular margin more precisely.
Next, we provide an overview and comparison of various methods that create robust image
classifiers by constraining the Lipschitz constant. This is important since generally longer
training times and more parameters improve the performance of robust classifiers, making it
challenging to determine the most practical and effective methods from existing literature.
In 1-Lipschitz classification, the performance of current methods is still much worse than what
we expect on the simple tasks we consider. Therefore, we next investigate potential causes of
this shortcoming. We first consider the role of the activation function. We prove a theoretical
shortcoming of the commonly used activation function, and provide an alternative without it.
However this theoretical improvement does barely translate to the empirical performance of
robust classifiers, suggesting a different bottleneck.
Therefore, in the final chapter, we study how the performance depends on the amount of
training data. We prove that in the worst case, we might require far more data to train a
robust classifier compared to a normal one. We furthermore find that the amount of training
data is a key determinant of the performance current methods achieve on popular datasets.
Additionally, we show that linear subspaces exist with tiny data variance, and yet we can
still train very accurate classifiers after projecting into those subspaces. This shows that on
the datasets considered, enforcing robustness in classification makes the task strictly more
challenging.

-----------------“In reference to IEEE copyrighted material which is used with permission in this thesis, the IEEE does not endorse any of [name of university or educational entity]’s products or services. Internal or personal use of this material is permitted. If interested in reprinting/republishing IEEE copyrighted material for advertising or promotional purposes or for creating new collective works for resale or redistribution, please go to http://www.ieee.org/publications_standards/publications/rights/rights_link.html to learn how to obtain a License from RightsLink. If applicable, University Microfilms and/or ProQuest Library, or the Archives of Canada may supply single copies of the dissertation.”
},
  author       = {Prach, Bernd},
  issn         = {2663-337X},
  pages        = {84},
  publisher    = {Institute of Science and Technology Austria},
  title        = {{Robust image classification with 1-Lipschitz networks}},
  doi          = {10.15479/10.15479/at-ista-19759},
  year         = {2025},
}