[{"page":"471 - 482","_id":"1998","oa_version":"None","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"id":"349A6E66-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"El Masri, Leila","last_name":"El Masri","first_name":"Leila"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000343632600006"]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Immune systems are able to protect the body against secondary infection with the same parasite. In insect colonies, this protection is not restricted to the level of the individual organism, but also occurs at the societal level. Here, we review recent evidence for and insights into the mechanisms underlying individual and social immunisation in insects. We disentangle general immune-protective effects from specific immune memory (priming), and examine immunisation in the context of the lifetime of an individual and that of a colony, and of transgenerational immunisation that benefits offspring. When appropriate, we discuss parallels with disease defence strategies in human societies. We propose that recurrent parasitic threats have shaped the evolution of both the individual immune systems and colony-level social immunity in insects."}],"date_updated":"2025-09-29T12:05:29Z","year":"2014","volume":35,"publication_status":"published","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"date_published":"2014-10-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"apa":"El Masri, L., & Cremer, S. (2014). Individual and social immunisation in insects. Trends in Immunology. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005","ista":"El Masri L, Cremer S. 2014. Individual and social immunisation in insects. Trends in Immunology. 35(10), 471–482.","short":"L. El Masri, S. Cremer, Trends in Immunology 35 (2014) 471–482.","chicago":"El Masri, Leila, and Sylvia Cremer. “Individual and Social Immunisation in Insects.” Trends in Immunology. Elsevier, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005.","ieee":"L. El Masri and S. Cremer, “Individual and social immunisation in insects,” Trends in Immunology, vol. 35, no. 10. Elsevier, pp. 471–482, 2014.","ama":"El Masri L, Cremer S. Individual and social immunisation in insects. Trends in Immunology. 2014;35(10):471-482. doi:10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005","mla":"El Masri, Leila, and Sylvia Cremer. “Individual and Social Immunisation in Insects.” Trends in Immunology, vol. 35, no. 10, Elsevier, 2014, pp. 471–82, doi:10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005."},"intvolume":" 35","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","month":"10","publication":"Trends in Immunology","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","corr_author":"1","scopus_import":"1","publist_id":"5081","issue":"10","title":"Individual and social immunisation in insects","acknowledgement":"This work was funded by an ERC Starting Grant by the European Research Council (to S.C.) and the ISTFELLOW program (Co-fund Marie Curie Actions of the European Commission; to L.M.).\r\nWe thank Christopher D. Pull, Sophie A.O. Armitage, Hinrich Schulenburg, Line V. Ugelvig, Matthias Konrad, Matthias Fürst, Miriam Stock, Barbara Casillas-Perez and three anonymous referees for comments on the manuscript. ","day":"01","type":"journal_article","status":"public","doi":"10.1016/j.it.2014.08.005","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:55:07Z"},{"year":"2014","day":"01","type":"journal_article","publication_status":"published","status":"public","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://www.dzg-ev.de/wp-content/uploads/2019/05/zoologie2014.pdf","open_access":"1"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:33Z","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","corr_author":"1","ddc":["570"],"publist_id":"5208","date_updated":"2026-06-18T18:02:48Z","title":"Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"month":"01","author":[{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"publication":"Zoologie","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","page":"23 - 30","article_type":"original","date_published":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"citation":{"mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften.” Zoologie, Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft, 2014, pp. 23–30.","ama":"Cremer S. Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften. Zoologie. 2014:23-30.","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften,” Zoologie. Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft, pp. 23–30, 2014.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften.” Zoologie. Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft, 2014.","short":"S. Cremer, Zoologie (2014) 23–30.","apa":"Cremer, S. (2014). Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften. Zoologie. Deutsche Zoologische Gesellschaft.","ista":"Cremer S. 2014. Gemeinsame Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften. Zoologie., 23–30."},"_id":"1887","oa_version":"Published Version"},{"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"month":"01","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil","abstract":[{"lang":"ger","text":"Im Rahmen meiner Arbeit mit der kollektiven Krankheitsabwehr in Ameisengesellschaften interessiert mich vor allem, wie sich die Kolonien als Ganzes gegen Krankheiten wehren können. Warum ist dieses Thema der Krankheitsdynamik in Gruppen so wichtig? Ein Vergleich von solitär lebenden Individuen mit Individuen, die in sozialen Gruppen zusammenleben, zeigt die Kosten und die Vorteile des Gruppenlebens: Einerseits haben Individuen in sozialen Gruppen aufgrund der hohen Dichte, in der die Tiere zusammenleben, den hohen Interaktionsraten, die sie miteinander haben, und der engen Verwandtschaft, die sie verbindet, ein höheres Ansteckungsrisiko. Andererseits kann die individuelle Krankheitsabwehr durch die kollektive Abwehr in den Gruppen ergänzt werden."}],"article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","author":[{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"publication":"Soziale Insekten in einer sich wandelnden Welt","date_published":"2014-01-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"mla":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Soziale Immunität: Wie Sich Der Staat Gegen Pathogene Wehrt Bayerische Akademie Der Wissenschaften.” Soziale Insekten in Einer Sich Wandelnden Welt, vol. 43, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2014, pp. 65–72.","ama":"Cremer S. Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. In: Soziale Insekten in Einer Sich Wandelnden Welt. Vol 43. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil; 2014:65-72.","ieee":"S. Cremer, “Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften,” in Soziale Insekten in einer sich wandelnden Welt, vol. 43, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2014, pp. 65–72.","chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia. “Soziale Immunität: Wie Sich Der Staat Gegen Pathogene Wehrt Bayerische Akademie Der Wissenschaften.” In Soziale Insekten in Einer Sich Wandelnden Welt, 43:65–72. Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2014.","short":"S. Cremer, in:, Soziale Insekten in Einer Sich Wandelnden Welt, Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil, 2014, pp. 65–72.","apa":"Cremer, S. (2014). Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. In Soziale Insekten in einer sich wandelnden Welt (Vol. 43, pp. 65–72). Verlag Dr. Friedrich Pfeil.","ista":"Cremer S. 2014.Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften. In: Soziale Insekten in einer sich wandelnden Welt. Rundgespräche der Kommission für Ökologie, vol. 43, 65–72."},"page":"65 - 72","oa_version":"None","intvolume":" 43","_id":"1888","type":"book_chapter","day":"01","publication_status":"published","volume":43,"year":"2014","user_id":"2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:33Z","status":"public","corr_author":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["2366-2875"]},"publist_id":"5207","alternative_title":["Rundgespräche der Kommission für Ökologie"],"title":"Soziale Immunität: Wie sich der Staat gegen Pathogene wehrt Bayerische Akademie der Wissenschaften","date_updated":"2024-10-09T20:55:52Z"},{"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"year":"2014","volume":27,"publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2025-09-29T12:28:21Z","external_id":{"pmid":["24725091"],"isi":["000334966800015"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Tobler","first_name":"Michael","full_name":"Tobler, Michael"},{"full_name":"Plath, Martin","last_name":"Plath","first_name":"Martin"},{"last_name":"Riesch","first_name":"Rüdiger","full_name":"Riesch, Rüdiger"},{"last_name":"Schlupp","first_name":"Ingo","full_name":"Schlupp, Ingo"},{"first_name":"Anna V","last_name":"Grasse","full_name":"Grasse, Anna V","id":"406F989C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Munimanda, Gopi","last_name":"Munimanda","first_name":"Gopi"},{"full_name":"Setzer, C","first_name":"C","last_name":"Setzer"},{"full_name":"Penn, Dustin","last_name":"Penn","first_name":"Dustin"},{"last_name":"Moodley","first_name":"Yoshan","full_name":"Moodley, Yoshan"}],"abstract":[{"text":"The unprecedented polymorphism in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) genes is thought to be maintained by balancing selection from parasites. However, do parasites also drive divergence at MHC loci between host populations, or do the effects of balancing selection maintain similarities among populations? We examined MHC variation in populations of the livebearing fish Poecilia mexicana and characterized their parasite communities. Poecilia mexicana populations in the Cueva del Azufre system are locally adapted to darkness and the presence of toxic hydrogen sulphide, representing highly divergent ecotypes or incipient species. Parasite communities differed significantly across populations, and populations with higher parasite loads had higher levels of diversity at class II MHC genes. However, despite different parasite communities, marked divergence in adaptive traits and in neutral genetic markers, we found MHC alleles to be remarkably similar among host populations. Our findings indicate that balancing selection from parasites maintains immunogenetic diversity of hosts, but this process does not promote MHC divergence in this system. On the contrary, we suggest that balancing selection on immunogenetic loci may outweigh divergent selection causing divergence, thereby hindering host divergence and speciation. Our findings support the hypothesis that balancing selection maintains MHC similarities among lineages during and after speciation (trans-species evolution).","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"_id":"1905","oa_version":"None","page":"960 - 974","article_type":"original","oa":1,"status":"public","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12370"}],"date_created":"2018-12-11T11:54:38Z","doi":"10.1111/jeb.12370","acknowledgement":"This study was funded by grants from the National Science Foundation (NSF) to MT (IOS-1121832) and IS (DEB-0743406) and from the German Science Foundation (DFG; PL 470/1-2) and ‘LOEWE − Landesoffensive zur Entwicklung wissenschaftlich-ökonomischer Exzellenz’ of Hesse's Ministry of Higher Education, Research, and the Arts, to MP.","day":"12","type":"journal_article","title":"Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations","issue":"5","OA_type":"free access","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1420-9101"],"issn":["1010-061X"]},"publist_id":"5190","scopus_import":"1","publication":"Journal of Evolutionary Biology","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Wiley","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"pmid":1,"month":"04","intvolume":" 27","citation":{"ista":"Tobler M, Plath M, Riesch R, Schlupp I, Grasse AV, Munimanda G, Setzer C, Penn D, Moodley Y. 2014. Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 27(5), 960–974.","apa":"Tobler, M., Plath, M., Riesch, R., Schlupp, I., Grasse, A. V., Munimanda, G., … Moodley, Y. (2014). Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12370","short":"M. Tobler, M. Plath, R. Riesch, I. Schlupp, A.V. Grasse, G. Munimanda, C. Setzer, D. Penn, Y. Moodley, Journal of Evolutionary Biology 27 (2014) 960–974.","chicago":"Tobler, Michael, Martin Plath, Rüdiger Riesch, Ingo Schlupp, Anna V Grasse, Gopi Munimanda, C Setzer, Dustin Penn, and Yoshan Moodley. “Selection from Parasites Favours Immunogenetic Diversity but Not Divergence among Locally Adapted Host Populations.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology. Wiley, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1111/jeb.12370.","ieee":"M. Tobler et al., “Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations,” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 27, no. 5. Wiley, pp. 960–974, 2014.","ama":"Tobler M, Plath M, Riesch R, et al. Selection from parasites favours immunogenetic diversity but not divergence among locally adapted host populations. Journal of Evolutionary Biology. 2014;27(5):960-974. doi:10.1111/jeb.12370","mla":"Tobler, Michael, et al. “Selection from Parasites Favours Immunogenetic Diversity but Not Divergence among Locally Adapted Host Populations.” Journal of Evolutionary Biology, vol. 27, no. 5, Wiley, 2014, pp. 960–74, doi:10.1111/jeb.12370."},"date_published":"2014-04-12T00:00:00Z"},{"date_updated":"2025-09-29T11:45:41Z","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:28Z","related_material":{"record":[{"status":"public","relation":"research_data","id":"9888"}]},"file":[{"creator":"system","checksum":"2fc62c6739eada4bddf026afbae669db","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:13:55Z","access_level":"open_access","file_size":1013386,"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:28Z","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"5042","file_name":"IST-2016-437-v1+1_journal.pone.0103989.pdf"}],"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"year":"2014","volume":9,"publication_status":"published","pubrep_id":"437","_id":"2086","oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"external_id":{"isi":["000339995100042"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Stephan","last_name":"Wolf","full_name":"Wolf, Stephan"},{"full_name":"Mcmahon, Dino","first_name":"Dino","last_name":"Mcmahon"},{"last_name":"Lim","first_name":"Ka","full_name":"Lim, Ka"},{"first_name":"Christopher","last_name":"Pull","full_name":"Pull, Christopher","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Clark","first_name":"Suzanne","full_name":"Clark, Suzanne"},{"last_name":"Paxton","first_name":"Robert","full_name":"Paxton, Robert"},{"full_name":"Osborne, Juliet","last_name":"Osborne","first_name":"Juliet"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Pathogens may gain a fitness advantage through manipulation of the behaviour of their hosts. Likewise, host behavioural changes can be a defence mechanism, counteracting the impact of pathogens on host fitness. We apply harmonic radar technology to characterize the impact of an emerging pathogen - Nosema ceranae (Microsporidia) - on honeybee (Apis mellifera) flight and orientation performance in the field. Honeybees are the most important commercial pollinators. Emerging diseases have been proposed to play a prominent role in colony decline, partly through sub-lethal behavioural manipulation of their hosts. We found that homing success was significantly reduced in diseased (65.8%) versus healthy foragers (92.5%). Although lost bees had significantly reduced continuous flight times and prolonged resting times, other flight characteristics and navigational abilities showed no significant difference between infected and non-infected bees. Our results suggest that infected bees express normal flight characteristics but are constrained in their homing ability, potentially compromising the colony by reducing its resource inputs, but also counteracting the intra-colony spread of infection. We provide the first high-resolution analysis of sub-lethal effects of an emerging disease on insect flight behaviour. The potential causes and the implications for both host and parasite are discussed.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"title":"So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees","issue":"8","publist_id":"4949","scopus_import":"1","ddc":["570"],"status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:55:37Z","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0103989","acknowledgement":"This study was funded jointly by a grant from BBSRC, Defra, NERC, the Scottish Government and the Wellcome Trust, under the Insect Pollinators Initiative (grant numbers BB/I00097/1 and BB/I000100/1). Rothamsted Research is a national institute of bioscience strategically funded by the UK Biotechnology and Biological Sciences Research Council (BBSRC).","type":"journal_article","day":"06","article_number":"e103989","intvolume":" 9","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"citation":{"chicago":"Wolf, Stephan, Dino Mcmahon, Ka Lim, Christopher Pull, Suzanne Clark, Robert Paxton, and Juliet Osborne. “So near and yet so Far: Harmonic Radar Reveals Reduced Homing Ability of Nosema Infected Honeybees.” PLoS One. Public Library of Science, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.","ieee":"S. Wolf et al., “So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees,” PLoS One, vol. 9, no. 8. Public Library of Science, 2014.","ama":"Wolf S, Mcmahon D, Lim K, et al. So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees. PLoS One. 2014;9(8). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103989","mla":"Wolf, Stephan, et al. “So near and yet so Far: Harmonic Radar Reveals Reduced Homing Ability of Nosema Infected Honeybees.” PLoS One, vol. 9, no. 8, e103989, Public Library of Science, 2014, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0103989.","ista":"Wolf S, Mcmahon D, Lim K, Pull C, Clark S, Paxton R, Osborne J. 2014. So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees. PLoS One. 9(8), e103989.","apa":"Wolf, S., Mcmahon, D., Lim, K., Pull, C., Clark, S., Paxton, R., & Osborne, J. (2014). So near and yet so far: Harmonic radar reveals reduced homing ability of Nosema infected honeybees. PLoS One. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0103989","short":"S. Wolf, D. Mcmahon, K. Lim, C. Pull, S. Clark, R. Paxton, J. Osborne, PLoS One 9 (2014)."},"date_published":"2014-08-06T00:00:00Z","publication":"PLoS One","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"Public Library of Science","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"08"},{"intvolume":" 68","date_published":"2014-07-23T00:00:00Z","citation":{"mla":"Westhus, Claudia, et al. “Increased Grooming after Repeated Brood Care Provides Sanitary Benefits in a Clonal Ant.” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol. 68, no. 10, Springer, 2014, pp. 1701–10, doi:10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8.","ama":"Westhus C, Ugelvig LV, Tourdot E, Heinze J, Doums C, Cremer S. Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 2014;68(10):1701-1710. doi:10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8","chicago":"Westhus, Claudia, Line V Ugelvig, Edouard Tourdot, Jürgen Heinze, Claudie Doums, and Sylvia Cremer. “Increased Grooming after Repeated Brood Care Provides Sanitary Benefits in a Clonal Ant.” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Springer, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8.","ieee":"C. Westhus, L. V. Ugelvig, E. Tourdot, J. Heinze, C. Doums, and S. Cremer, “Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant,” Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology, vol. 68, no. 10. Springer, pp. 1701–1710, 2014.","short":"C. Westhus, L.V. Ugelvig, E. Tourdot, J. Heinze, C. Doums, S. Cremer, Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology 68 (2014) 1701–1710.","ista":"Westhus C, Ugelvig LV, Tourdot E, Heinze J, Doums C, Cremer S. 2014. Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. 68(10), 1701–1710.","apa":"Westhus, C., Ugelvig, L. V., Tourdot, E., Heinze, J., Doums, C., & Cremer, S. (2014). Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant. Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8"},"publication":"Behavioral Ecology and Sociobiology","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Springer","month":"07","issue":"10","title":"Increased grooming after repeated brood care provides sanitary benefits in a clonal ant","corr_author":"1","publication_identifier":{"issn":["0340-5443"]},"publist_id":"4823","scopus_import":"1","status":"public","doi":"10.1007/s00265-014-1778-8","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:56:03Z","acknowledgement":"We thank Katrin Kellner for colony establishment and characterization, Mike Bidochka for the fungal strain, Meghan Vyleta for fungal strain characterization, Martina Klatt and Simon Tragust for help in the laboratory, Dimitri Missoh for developing the software BioLogic, and Mark Brown and Raphaël Jeanson for discussion and help with data analysis. The study was funded by the European Research Council (ERC Starting Grant to SC; Marie Curie IEF to LVU) and the German Research Foundation DFG (to SC and to JH), and CW received funding by the doctoral school Diversité du Vivant (Cotutelle project to CD and SC).\r\n","day":"23","type":"journal_article","_id":"2161","project":[{"call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"291734","_id":"25681D80-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"International IST Postdoc Fellowship Programme"},{"name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution"}],"ec_funded":1,"oa_version":"None","page":"1701 - 1710","article_type":"original","author":[{"first_name":"Claudia","last_name":"Westhus","full_name":"Westhus, Claudia","id":"ca9c6ca9-e8aa-11ec-a586-b9471ede0494"},{"full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig"},{"full_name":"Tourdot, Edouard","first_name":"Edouard","last_name":"Tourdot"},{"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen"},{"last_name":"Doums","first_name":"Claudie","full_name":"Doums, Claudie"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000342226200015"]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Repeated pathogen exposure is a common threat in colonies of social insects, posing selection pressures on colony members to respond with improved disease-defense performance. We here tested whether experience gained by repeated tending of low-level fungus-exposed (Metarhizium robertsii) larvae may alter the performance of sanitary brood care in the clonal ant, Platythyrea punctata. We trained ants individually over nine consecutive trials to either sham-treated or fungus-exposed larvae. We then compared the larval grooming behavior of naive and trained ants and measured how effectively they removed infectious fungal conidiospores from the fungus-exposed larvae. We found that the ants changed the duration of larval grooming in response to both, larval treatment and their level of experience: (1) sham-treated larvae received longer grooming than the fungus-exposed larvae and (2) trained ants performed less self-grooming but longer larval grooming than naive ants, which was true for both, ants trained to fungus-exposed and also to sham-treated larvae. Ants that groomed the fungus-exposed larvae for longer periods removed a higher number of fungal conidiospores from the surface of the fungus-exposed larvae. As experienced ants performed longer larval grooming, they were more effective in fungal removal, thus making them better caretakers under pathogen attack of the colony. By studying this clonal ant, we can thus conclude that even in the absence of genetic variation between colony members, differences in experience levels of brood care may affect performance of sanitary brood care in social insects."}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"date_updated":"2025-09-29T11:42:26Z","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"9742"}]},"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"year":"2014","volume":68,"publication_status":"published"},{"citation":{"short":"M. Konrad, Immune Defences in Ants: Effects of Social Immunisation and a Fungal Ectosymbiont in the Ant Lasius Neglectus, Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2014.","apa":"Konrad, M. (2014). Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","ista":"Konrad M. 2014. Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria.","mla":"Konrad, Matthias. Immune Defences in Ants: Effects of Social Immunisation and a Fungal Ectosymbiont in the Ant Lasius Neglectus. Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2014.","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias. “Immune Defences in Ants: Effects of Social Immunisation and a Fungal Ectosymbiont in the Ant Lasius Neglectus.” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2014.","ieee":"M. Konrad, “Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus,” Institute of Science and Technology Austria, 2014.","ama":"Konrad M. Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus. 2014."},"date_published":"2014-02-01T00:00:00Z","page":"131","oa_version":"None","_id":"1395","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"month":"02","OA_place":"publisher","publisher":"Institute of Science and Technology Austria","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","abstract":[{"text":"In this thesis I studied various individual and social immune defences employed by the invasive garden ant Lasius neglectus mostly against entomopathogenic fungi. The first two chapters of this thesis address the phenomenon of 'social immunisation'. Social immunisation, that is the immunological protection of group members due to social contact to a pathogen-exposed nestmate, has been described in various social insect species against different types of pathogens. However, in the case of entomopathogenic fungi it has, so far, only been demonstrated that social immunisation exists at all. Its underlying mechanisms r any other properties were, however, unknown. In the first chapter of this thesis I identified the mechanistic basis of social immunisation in L. neglectus against the entomopathogenous fungus Metarhizium. I could show that nestmates of a pathogen-exposed individual contract low-level infections due to social interactions. These low-level infections are, however, non-lethal and cause an active stimulation of the immune system, which protects the nestmates upon subsequent pathogen encounters. In the second chapter of this thesis I investigated the specificity and colony level effects of social immunisation. I demonstrated that the protection conferred by social immunisation is highly specific, protecting ants only against the same pathogen strain. In addition, depending on the respective context, social immunisation may even cause fitness costs. I further showed that social immunisation crucially affects sanitary behaviour and disease dynamics within ant groups. In the third chapter of this thesis I studied the effects of the ectosymbiotic fungus Laboulbenia formicarum on its host L. neglectus. Although Laboulbeniales are the largest order of insect-parasitic fungi, research concerning host fitness consequence is sparse. I showed that highly Laboulbenia-infected ants sustain fitness costs under resource limitation, however, gain fitness benefits when exposed to an entomopathogenus fungus. These effects are probably cause by a prophylactic upregulation of behavioural as well as physiological immune defences in highly infected ants.","lang":"eng"}],"author":[{"full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Matthias","last_name":"Konrad"}],"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2663-337X"]},"degree_awarded":"PhD","publist_id":"5814","corr_author":"1","supervisor":[{"first_name":"Sylvia M","last_name":"Cremer","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia M","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"alternative_title":["ISTA Thesis"],"title":"Immune defences in ants: Effects of social immunisation and a fungal ectosymbiont in the ant Lasius neglectus","date_updated":"2026-04-09T14:27:01Z","publication_status":"published","type":"dissertation","day":"01","year":"2014","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:46Z","status":"public"},{"_id":"1404","oa_version":"None","page":"101","citation":{"chicago":"Stock, Miriam. “Evolution of a Fungal Pathogen towards Individual versus Social Immunity in Ants.” IST Austria, 2014.","ieee":"M. Stock, “Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants,” IST Austria, 2014.","ama":"Stock M. Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants. 2014.","mla":"Stock, Miriam. Evolution of a Fungal Pathogen towards Individual versus Social Immunity in Ants. IST Austria, 2014.","ista":"Stock M. 2014. Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants. IST Austria.","apa":"Stock, M. (2014). Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants. IST Austria.","short":"M. Stock, Evolution of a Fungal Pathogen towards Individual versus Social Immunity in Ants, IST Austria, 2014."},"date_published":"2014-04-01T00:00:00Z","author":[{"last_name":"Stock","first_name":"Miriam","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Stock, Miriam"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"The co-evolution of hosts and pathogens is characterized by continuous adaptations of both parties. Pathogens of social insects need to adapt towards disease defences at two levels: 1) individual immunity of each colony member consisting of behavioural defence strategies as well as humoral and cellular immune responses and 2) social immunity that is collectively performed by all group members comprising behavioural, physiological and organisational defence strategies.\r\n\r\nTo disentangle the selection pressure on pathogens by the collective versus individual level of disease defence in social insects, we performed an evolution experiment using the Argentine Ant, Linepithema humile, as a host and a mixture of the general insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium spp. (6 strains) as a pathogen. We allowed pathogen evolution over 10 serial host passages to two different evolution host treatments: (1) only individual host immunity in a single host treatment, and (2) simultaneously acting individual and social immunity in a social host treatment, in which an exposed ant was accompanied by two untreated nestmates.\r\n\r\nBefore starting the pathogen evolution experiment, the 6 Metarhizium spp. strains were characterised concerning conidiospore size killing rates in singly and socially reared ants, their competitiveness under coinfecting conditions and their influence on ant behaviour. We analysed how the ancestral atrain mixture changed in conidiospere size, killing rate and strain composition dependent on host treatment (single or social hosts) during 10 passages and found that killing rate and conidiospere size of the pathogen increased under both evolution regimes, but different depending on host treatment.\r\n\r\nTesting the evolved strain mixtures that evolved under either the single or social host treatment under both single and social current rearing conditions in a full factorial design experiment revealed that the additional collective defences in insect societies add new selection pressure for their coevolving pathogens that compromise their ability to adapt to its host at the group level. To our knowledge, this is the first study directly measuring the influence of social immunity on pathogen evolution."}],"article_processing_charge":"No","publisher":"IST Austria","OA_place":"publisher","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"month":"04","date_updated":"2026-04-09T14:33:27Z","title":"Evolution of a fungal pathogen towards individual versus social immunity in ants","alternative_title":["IST Austria Thesis"],"publist_id":"5803","supervisor":[{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia M","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia M"}],"corr_author":"1","status":"public","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:51:49Z","user_id":"ba8df636-2132-11f1-aed0-ed93e2281fdd","acknowledgement":"This work was funded by the DFG and the ERC.","year":"2014","publication_status":"published","type":"dissertation","day":"01"},{"corr_author":"1","publist_id":"5080","scopus_import":"1","title":"Organisational immunity in social insects","issue":"1","type":"journal_article","day":"01","status":"public","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:55:08Z","doi":"10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001","date_published":"2014-11-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ieee":"N. Stroeymeyt, B. E. Casillas Perez, and S. Cremer, “Organisational immunity in social insects,” Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 5, no. 1. Elsevier, pp. 1–15, 2014.","chicago":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, Barbara E Casillas Perez, and Sylvia Cremer. “Organisational Immunity in Social Insects.” Current Opinion in Insect Science. Elsevier, 2014. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001.","ama":"Stroeymeyt N, Casillas Perez BE, Cremer S. Organisational immunity in social insects. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 2014;5(1):1-15. doi:10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001","mla":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie, et al. “Organisational Immunity in Social Insects.” Current Opinion in Insect Science, vol. 5, no. 1, Elsevier, 2014, pp. 1–15, doi:10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001.","apa":"Stroeymeyt, N., Casillas Perez, B. E., & Cremer, S. (2014). Organisational immunity in social insects. Current Opinion in Insect Science. Elsevier. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cois.2014.09.001","ista":"Stroeymeyt N, Casillas Perez BE, Cremer S. 2014. Organisational immunity in social insects. Current Opinion in Insect Science. 5(1), 1–15.","short":"N. Stroeymeyt, B.E. Casillas Perez, S. Cremer, Current Opinion in Insect Science 5 (2014) 1–15."},"intvolume":" 5","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Elsevier","month":"11","publication":"Current Opinion in Insect Science","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","date_updated":"2026-06-22T22:30:21Z","year":"2014","volume":5,"publication_status":"published","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"dissertation_contains","id":"6383"},{"id":"6435","relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public"}]},"isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","page":"1 - 15","project":[{"name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","call_identifier":"FP7","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"243071"}],"_id":"1999","ec_funded":1,"oa_version":"None","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"last_name":"Stroeymeyt","first_name":"Nathalie","full_name":"Stroeymeyt, Nathalie"},{"full_name":"Casillas Perez, Barbara E","id":"351ED2AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Barbara E","last_name":"Casillas Perez"},{"orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000209578900002"]},"abstract":[{"text":"Selection for disease control is believed to have contributed to shape the organisation of insect societies — leading to interaction patterns that mitigate disease transmission risk within colonies, conferring them ‘organisational immunity’. Recent studies combining epidemiological models with social network analysis have identified general properties of interaction networks that may hinder propagation of infection within groups. These can be prophylactic and/or induced upon pathogen exposure. Here we review empirical evidence for these two types of organisational immunity in social insects and describe the individual-level behaviours that underlie it. We highlight areas requiring further investigation, and emphasise the need for tighter links between theory and empirical research and between individual-level and collective-level analyses.","lang":"eng"}]},{"publication":"Current Biology","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Cell Press","month":"01","intvolume":" 23","date_published":"2013-01-07T00:00:00Z","citation":{"short":"S. Tragust, B. Mitteregger, V. Barone, M. Konrad, L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, Current Biology 23 (2013) 76–82.","ista":"Tragust S, Mitteregger B, Barone V, Konrad M, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2013. Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. Current Biology. 23(1), 76–82.","apa":"Tragust, S., Mitteregger, B., Barone, V., Konrad, M., Ugelvig, L. V., & Cremer, S. (2013). Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. Current Biology. Cell Press. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034","mla":"Tragust, Simon, et al. “Ants Disinfect Fungus-Exposed Brood by Oral Uptake and Spread of Their Poison.” Current Biology, vol. 23, no. 1, Cell Press, 2013, pp. 76–82, doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034.","chicago":"Tragust, Simon, Barbara Mitteregger, Vanessa Barone, Matthias Konrad, Line V Ugelvig, and Sylvia Cremer. “Ants Disinfect Fungus-Exposed Brood by Oral Uptake and Spread of Their Poison.” Current Biology. Cell Press, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034.","ieee":"S. Tragust, B. Mitteregger, V. Barone, M. Konrad, L. V. Ugelvig, and S. Cremer, “Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison,” Current Biology, vol. 23, no. 1. Cell Press, pp. 76–82, 2013.","ama":"Tragust S, Mitteregger B, Barone V, Konrad M, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. Current Biology. 2013;23(1):76-82. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034"},"status":"public","doi":"10.1016/j.cub.2012.11.034","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:23Z","acknowledgement":"Funding for this project was obtained by the German Research Foundation (DFG, to S.C.) and the European Research Council (ERC, through an ERC-Starting Grant to S.C. and an Individual Marie Curie IEF fellowship to L.V.U.).\r\nWe thank Jørgen Eilenberg, Bernhardt Steinwender, Miriam Stock, and Meghan L. Vyleta for the fungal strain and its characterization; Volker Witte for chemical information; Eva Sixt for ant drawings; and Robert Hauschild for help with image analysis. We further thank Martin Kaltenpoth, Michael Sixt, Jürgen Heinze, and Joachim Ruther for discussion and Daria Siekhaus, Sophie A.O. Armitage, and Leila Masri for comments on the manuscript. \r\n","type":"journal_article","day":"07","issue":"1","title":"Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison","corr_author":"1","publist_id":"3811","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Tragust","full_name":"Tragust, Simon","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Mitteregger","full_name":"Mitteregger, Barbara","id":"479DDAAC-E9CD-11E9-9B5F-82450873F7A1"},{"first_name":"Vanessa","last_name":"Barone","full_name":"Barone, Vanessa","orcid":"0000-0003-2676-3367","id":"419EECCC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias"},{"first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000313383700026"]},"abstract":[{"text":"To fight infectious diseases, host immune defenses are employed at multiple levels. Sanitary behavior, such as pathogen avoidance and removal, acts as a first line of defense to prevent infection [1] before activation of the physiological immune system. Insect societies have evolved a wide range of collective hygiene measures and intensive health care toward pathogen-exposed group members [2]. One of the most common behaviors is allogrooming, in which nestmates remove infectious particles from the body surfaces of exposed individuals [3]. Here we show that, in invasive garden ants, grooming of fungus-exposed brood is effective beyond the sheer mechanical removal of fungal conidiospores; it also includes chemical disinfection through the application of poison produced by the ants themselves. Formic acid is the main active component of the poison. It inhibits fungal growth of conidiospores remaining on the brood surface after grooming and also those collected in the mouth of the grooming ant. This dual function is achieved by uptake of the poison droplet into the mouth through acidopore self-grooming and subsequent application onto the infectious brood via brood grooming. This extraordinary behavior extends the current understanding of grooming and the establishment of social immunity in insect societies.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"},{"_id":"CaHe"}],"_id":"2926","ec_funded":1,"project":[{"_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution"},{"grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7","name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects"},{"name":"Collective disease defence and pathogen detection abilities in ant societies: a chemo-neuro-immunological approach","call_identifier":"FP7","grant_number":"302004","_id":"25DDF0F0-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"oa_version":"None","page":"76 - 82","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"9757"},{"relation":"dissertation_contains","status":"public","id":"961"}]},"isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","volume":23,"year":"2013","publication_status":"published","date_updated":"2026-04-08T14:22:39Z"},{"type":"journal_article","day":"14","doi":"10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:56:45Z","status":"public","publist_id":"4649","scopus_import":"1","corr_author":"1","title":"Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger ","issue":"12","month":"11","publisher":"Springer","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Naturwissenschaften","citation":{"short":"C. Pull, W. Hughes, M. Brown, Naturwissenschaften 100 (2013) 1125–1136.","ista":"Pull C, Hughes W, Brown M. 2013. Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger . Naturwissenschaften. 100(12), 1125–1136.","apa":"Pull, C., Hughes, W., & Brown, M. (2013). Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger . Naturwissenschaften. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5","mla":"Pull, Christopher, et al. “Tolerating an Infection: An Indirect Benefit of Co-Founding Queen Associations in the Ant Lasius Niger .” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 100, no. 12, Springer, 2013, pp. 1125–36, doi:10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5.","ama":"Pull C, Hughes W, Brown M. Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger . Naturwissenschaften. 2013;100(12):1125-1136. doi:10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5","chicago":"Pull, Christopher, William Hughes, and Markus Brown. “Tolerating an Infection: An Indirect Benefit of Co-Founding Queen Associations in the Ant Lasius Niger .” Naturwissenschaften. Springer, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-013-1115-5.","ieee":"C. Pull, W. Hughes, and M. Brown, “Tolerating an infection: an indirect benefit of co-founding queen associations in the ant Lasius niger ,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 100, no. 12. Springer, pp. 1125–1136, 2013."},"date_published":"2013-11-14T00:00:00Z","intvolume":" 100","publication_status":"published","volume":100,"year":"2013","user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"date_updated":"2025-09-29T14:24:42Z","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Pathogens exert a strong selection pressure on organisms to evolve effective immune defences. In addition to individual immunity, social organisms can act cooperatively to produce collective defences. In many ant species, queens have the option to found a colony alone or in groups with other, often unrelated, conspecifics. These associations are transient, usually lasting only as long as each queen benefits from the presence of others. In fact, once the first workers emerge, queens fight to the death for dominance. One potential advantage of co-founding may be that queens benefit from collective disease defences, such as mutual grooming, that act against common soil pathogens. We test this hypothesis by exposing single and co-founding queens to a fungal parasite, in order to assess whether queens in co-founding associations have improved survival. Surprisingly, co-foundresses exposed to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium did not engage in cooperative disease defences, and consequently, we find no direct benefit of multiple queens on survival. However, an indirect benefit was observed, with parasite-exposed queens producing more brood when they co-founded, than when they were alone. We suggest this is due to a trade-off between reproduction and immunity. Additionally, we report an extraordinary ability of the queens to tolerate an infection for long periods after parasite exposure. Our study suggests that there are no social immunity benefits for co-founding ant queens, but that in parasite-rich environments, the presence of additional queens may nevertheless improve the chances of colony founding success.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000328850200004"]},"author":[{"id":"3C7F4840-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1122-3982","full_name":"Pull, Christopher","last_name":"Pull","first_name":"Christopher"},{"last_name":"Hughes","first_name":"William","full_name":"Hughes, William"},{"full_name":"Brown, Markus","id":"3DAB9AFC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Markus","last_name":"Brown"}],"page":"1125 - 1136","oa_version":"None","_id":"2283"},{"issue":"1","title":"Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies","corr_author":"1","ddc":["570"],"publist_id":"4647","scopus_import":"1","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","date_created":"2018-12-11T11:56:46Z","doi":"10.1186/1471-2148-13-225","acknowledgement":"The study was funded by the European Research Council (Marie Curie ERG 036569) and Marie Curie IEF 302204 to LVU\r\nCC BY 2.0\r\n","day":"14","type":"journal_article","intvolume":" 13","article_number":"225","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"date_published":"2013-10-14T00:00:00Z","citation":{"short":"S. Tragust, L.V. Ugelvig, M. Chapuisat, J. Heinze, S. Cremer, BMC Evolutionary Biology 13 (2013).","apa":"Tragust, S., Ugelvig, L. V., Chapuisat, M., Heinze, J., & Cremer, S. (2013). Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies. BMC Evolutionary Biology. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-225","ista":"Tragust S, Ugelvig LV, Chapuisat M, Heinze J, Cremer S. 2013. Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 13(1), 225.","mla":"Tragust, Simon, et al. “Pupal Cocoons Affect Sanitary Brood Care and Limit Fungal Infections in Ant Colonies.” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 13, no. 1, 225, BioMed Central, 2013, doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-225.","ama":"Tragust S, Ugelvig LV, Chapuisat M, Heinze J, Cremer S. Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies. BMC Evolutionary Biology. 2013;13(1). doi:10.1186/1471-2148-13-225","ieee":"S. Tragust, L. V. Ugelvig, M. Chapuisat, J. Heinze, and S. Cremer, “Pupal cocoons affect sanitary brood care and limit fungal infections in ant colonies,” BMC Evolutionary Biology, vol. 13, no. 1. BioMed Central, 2013.","chicago":"Tragust, Simon, Line V Ugelvig, Michel Chapuisat, Jürgen Heinze, and Sylvia Cremer. “Pupal Cocoons Affect Sanitary Brood Care and Limit Fungal Infections in Ant Colonies.” BMC Evolutionary Biology. BioMed Central, 2013. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-2148-13-225."},"publication":"BMC Evolutionary Biology","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"BioMed Central","month":"10","date_updated":"2025-09-29T14:24:13Z","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:37Z","file":[{"checksum":"c16ef36f2a10786a7885e19c4528d707","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:13:41Z","creator":"system","access_level":"open_access","relation":"main_file","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"5026","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:37Z","file_size":281736,"file_name":"IST-2016-402-v1+1_1471-2148-13-225.pdf"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"research_data","status":"public","id":"9753"}]},"isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","year":"2013","volume":13,"publication_status":"published","pubrep_id":"402","ec_funded":1,"_id":"2284","project":[{"name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution","grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425"}],"oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"author":[{"last_name":"Tragust","first_name":"Simon","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Tragust, Simon"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig"},{"last_name":"Chapuisat","first_name":"Michel","full_name":"Chapuisat, Michel"},{"first_name":"Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen"},{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000326620500001"]},"abstract":[{"text":"Background: The brood of ants and other social insects is highly susceptible to pathogens, particularly those that penetrate the soft larval and pupal cuticle. We here test whether the presence of a pupal cocoon, which occurs in some ant species but not in others, affects the sanitary brood care and fungal infection patterns after exposure to the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium brunneum. We use a) a comparative approach analysing four species with either naked or cocooned pupae and b) a within-species analysis of a single ant species, in which both pupal types co-exist in the same colony. Results: We found that the presence of a cocoon did not compromise fungal pathogen detection by the ants and that species with cocooned pupae increased brood grooming after pathogen exposure. All tested ant species further removed brood from their nests, which was predominantly expressed towards larvae and naked pupae treated with the live fungal pathogen. In contrast, cocooned pupae exposed to live fungus were not removed at higher rates than cocooned pupae exposed to dead fungus or a sham control. Consistent with this, exposure to the live fungus caused high numbers of infections and fungal outgrowth in larvae and naked pupae, but not in cocooned pupae. Moreover, the ants consistently removed the brood prior to fungal outgrowth, ensuring a clean brood chamber. Conclusion: Our study suggests that the pupal cocoon has a protective effect against fungal infection, causing an adaptive change in sanitary behaviours by the ants. It further demonstrates that brood removal-originally described for honeybees as "hygienic behaviour"-is a widespread sanitary behaviour in ants, which likely has important implications on disease dynamics in social insect colonies.","lang":"eng"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}]},{"publisher":"Dryad","month":"09","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"author":[{"id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias"},{"full_name":"Vyleta, Meghan","id":"418901AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Meghan","last_name":"Vyleta"},{"full_name":"Theis, Fabian","last_name":"Theis","first_name":"Fabian"},{"last_name":"Stock","first_name":"Miriam","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Stock, Miriam"},{"full_name":"Klatt, Martina","id":"E60F29C6-E9AE-11E9-AF6E-D190C7302F38","first_name":"Martina","last_name":"Klatt"},{"full_name":"Drescher, Verena","first_name":"Verena","last_name":"Drescher"},{"first_name":"Carsten","last_name":"Marr","full_name":"Marr, Carsten"},{"orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig"},{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Due to the omnipresent risk of epidemics, insect societies have evolved sophisticated disease defences at the individual and colony level. An intriguing yet little understood phenomenon is that social contact to pathogen-exposed individuals reduces susceptibility of previously naive nestmates to this pathogen. We tested whether such social immunisation in Lasius ants against the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is based on active upregulation of the immune system of nestmates following contact to an infectious individual or passive protection via transfer of immune effectors among group members—that is, active versus passive immunisation. We found no evidence for involvement of passive immunisation via transfer of antimicrobials among colony members. Instead, intensive allogrooming behaviour between naive and pathogen-exposed ants before fungal conidia firmly attached to their cuticle suggested passage of the pathogen from the exposed individuals to their nestmates. By tracing fluorescence-labelled conidia we indeed detected frequent pathogen transfer to the nestmates, where they caused low-level infections as revealed by growth of small numbers of fungal colony forming units from their dissected body content. These infections rarely led to death, but instead promoted an enhanced ability to inhibit fungal growth and an active upregulation of immune genes involved in antifungal defences (defensin and prophenoloxidase, PPO). Contrarily, there was no upregulation of the gene cathepsin L, which is associated with antibacterial and antiviral defences, and we found no increased antibacterial activity of nestmates of fungus-exposed ants. This indicates that social immunisation after fungal exposure is specific, similar to recent findings for individual-level immune priming in invertebrates. Epidemiological modeling further suggests that active social immunisation is adaptive, as it leads to faster elimination of the disease and lower death rates than passive immunisation. Interestingly, humans have also utilised the protective effect of low-level infections to fight smallpox by intentional transfer of low pathogen doses (“variolation” or “inoculation”).","lang":"eng"}],"article_processing_charge":"No","date_published":"2012-09-27T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"citation":{"ieee":"M. Konrad et al., “Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies.” Dryad, 2012.","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Meghan Vyleta, Fabian Theis, Miriam Stock, Martina Klatt, Verena Drescher, Carsten Marr, Line V Ugelvig, and Sylvia Cremer. “Data from: Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies.” Dryad, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sv37s.","ama":"Konrad M, Vyleta M, Theis F, et al. Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. 2012. doi:10.5061/dryad.sv37s","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. Data from: Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies. Dryad, 2012, doi:10.5061/dryad.sv37s.","ista":"Konrad M, Vyleta M, Theis F, Stock M, Klatt M, Drescher V, Marr C, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2012. Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.sv37s.","apa":"Konrad, M., Vyleta, M., Theis, F., Stock, M., Klatt, M., Drescher, V., … Cremer, S. (2012). Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sv37s","short":"M. Konrad, M. Vyleta, F. Theis, M. Stock, M. Klatt, V. Drescher, C. Marr, L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, (2012)."},"_id":"9755","oa_version":"Published Version","year":"2012","type":"research_data_reference","day":"27","status":"public","related_material":{"record":[{"relation":"used_in_publication","status":"public","id":"3242"}]},"date_created":"2021-07-30T08:39:13Z","user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","doi":"10.5061/dryad.sv37s","main_file_link":[{"open_access":"1","url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.sv37s"}],"date_updated":"2025-09-30T07:50:00Z","title":"Data from: Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies"},{"title":"Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison","date_updated":"2025-09-30T08:15:49Z","day":"14","type":"research_data_reference","year":"2012","date_created":"2021-07-30T12:31:31Z","main_file_link":[{"url":"https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.61649","open_access":"1"}],"user_id":"6785fbc1-c503-11eb-8a32-93094b40e1cf","doi":"10.5061/dryad.61649","related_material":{"record":[{"id":"2926","status":"public","relation":"used_in_publication"}]},"status":"public","date_published":"2012-12-14T00:00:00Z","oa":1,"citation":{"mla":"Tragust, Simon, et al. Data from: Ants Disinfect Fungus-Exposed Brood by Oral Uptake and Spread of Their Poison. Dryad, 2012, doi:10.5061/dryad.61649.","ama":"Tragust S, Mitteregger B, Barone V, Konrad M, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. 2012. doi:10.5061/dryad.61649","ieee":"S. Tragust, B. Mitteregger, V. Barone, M. Konrad, L. V. Ugelvig, and S. Cremer, “Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison.” Dryad, 2012.","chicago":"Tragust, Simon, Barbara Mitteregger, Vanessa Barone, Matthias Konrad, Line V Ugelvig, and Sylvia Cremer. “Data from: Ants Disinfect Fungus-Exposed Brood by Oral Uptake and Spread of Their Poison.” Dryad, 2012. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.61649.","short":"S. Tragust, B. Mitteregger, V. Barone, M. Konrad, L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, (2012).","ista":"Tragust S, Mitteregger B, Barone V, Konrad M, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2012. Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison, Dryad, 10.5061/dryad.61649.","apa":"Tragust, S., Mitteregger, B., Barone, V., Konrad, M., Ugelvig, L. V., & Cremer, S. (2012). Data from: Ants disinfect fungus-exposed brood by oral uptake and spread of their poison. Dryad. https://doi.org/10.5061/dryad.61649"},"oa_version":"Published Version","_id":"9757","month":"12","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"publisher":"Dryad","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"To fight infectious diseases, host immune defences are employed at multiple levels. Sanitary behaviour, such as pathogen avoidance and removal, acts as a first line of defence to prevent infection [1] before activation of the physiological immune system. Insect societies have evolved a wide range of collective hygiene measures and intensive health care towards pathogen-exposed group members [2]. One of the most common behaviours is allogrooming, in which nestmates remove infectious particles from the body surfaces of exposed individuals [3]. Here we show that, in invasive garden ants, grooming of fungus-exposed brood is effective beyond the sheer mechanical removal of fungal conidiospores as it also includes chemical disinfection through the application of poison produced by the ants themselves. Formic acid is the main active component of the poison. It inhibits fungal growth of conidiospores remaining on the brood surface after grooming and also those collected in the mouth of the grooming ant. This dual function is achieved by uptake of the poison droplet into the mouth through acidopore self-grooming and subsequent application onto the infectious brood via brood grooming. This extraordinary behaviour extends current understanding of grooming and the establishment of social immunity in insect societies."}],"article_processing_charge":"No","author":[{"first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Tragust","full_name":"Tragust, Simon","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Mitteregger, Barbara","id":"479DDAAC-E9CD-11E9-9B5F-82450873F7A1","first_name":"Barbara","last_name":"Mitteregger"},{"id":"419EECCC-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Barone, Vanessa","orcid":"0000-0003-2676-3367","last_name":"Barone","first_name":"Vanessa"},{"last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias"},{"last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V","id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia"}]},{"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Functional Ecology","month":"01","publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"intvolume":" 26","citation":{"ama":"Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies. Functional Ecology. 2012;26(6):1300-1312. doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12013","ieee":"L. V. Ugelvig and S. Cremer, “Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies,” Functional Ecology, vol. 26, no. 6. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 1300–1312, 2012.","chicago":"Ugelvig, Line V, and Sylvia Cremer. “Effects of Social Immunity and Unicoloniality on Host Parasite Interactions in Invasive Insect Societies.” Functional Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12013.","mla":"Ugelvig, Line V., and Sylvia Cremer. “Effects of Social Immunity and Unicoloniality on Host Parasite Interactions in Invasive Insect Societies.” Functional Ecology, vol. 26, no. 6, Wiley-Blackwell, 2012, pp. 1300–12, doi:10.1111/1365-2435.12013.","ista":"Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2012. Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies. Functional Ecology. 26(6), 1300–1312.","apa":"Ugelvig, L. V., & Cremer, S. (2012). Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies. Functional Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/1365-2435.12013","short":"L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, Functional Ecology 26 (2012) 1300–1312."},"date_published":"2012-01-01T00:00:00Z","doi":"10.1111/1365-2435.12013","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:27Z","status":"public","type":"journal_article","day":"01","acknowledgement":"We thank Mark Brown, Christopher Pull, Meghan L. Vyleta, Miriam Stock, Barbara Casillas-Perez and three anonymous reviewers for valuable comments on the manuscript and Eva Sixt for ant drawings. Funding was obtained from the German Science Foundation (DFG, by an Individual Research Grant to S.C.) and the European Research Council (ERC, by an ERC-Starting Grant to SC and an Individual Marie Curie EIF fellowship to L.desU.). The authors declare no conflict of interests.","issue":"6","title":"Effects of social immunity and unicoloniality on host parasite interactions in invasive insect societies","publist_id":"3797","scopus_import":"1","corr_author":"1","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Social insects have a very high potential to become invasive pest species. Here, we explore how their social lifestyle and their interaction with parasites may contribute to this invasive success. Similar to solitary species, parasite release followed by the evolution of increased competitive ability can promote establishment of introduced social insect hosts in their introduced range. Genetic bottlenecks during introduction of low numbers of founder individuals decrease the genetic diversity at three levels: the population, the colony and the individual, with the colony level being specific to social insects. Reduced genetic diversity can affect both the individual immune system and the collective colony-level disease defences (social immunity). Still, the dual immune system is likely to make social insects more robust to parasite attack. Changes in social structure from small, family-based, territorially aggressive societies in native populations towards huge networks of cooperating nests (unicoloniality) occur in some invasive social insects, for example, most invasive ants and some termites. Unicoloniality is likely to affect disease dynamics in multiple ways. The free exchange of individuals within the population leads to an increased genetic heterogeneity among individuals of a single nest, thereby decreasing disease transmission. However, the multitude of reproductively active queens per colony buffers the effect of individual diseased queens and their offspring, which may result in a higher level of vertical disease transmission in unicolonial societies. Lastly, unicoloniality provides a competitive advantage over native species, allowing them to quickly become the dominant species in the habitat, which in turn selects for parasite adaptation to this common host genotype and thus eventually a high parasite pressure. Overall, invasions by insect societies are characterized by general features applying to all introduced species, as well as idiosyncrasies that emerge from their social lifestyle. It is important to study these effects in concert to be able to develop efficient management and biocontrol strategies. © 2012 British Ecological Society."}],"external_id":{"isi":["000311433600008"]},"author":[{"id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V"},{"id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"oa_version":"None","_id":"2938","page":"1300 - 1312","isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","publication_status":"published","volume":26,"year":"2012","date_updated":"2025-09-30T08:14:20Z"},{"_id":"2966","oa_version":"Published Version","oa":1,"author":[{"first_name":"Sylvia","last_name":"Cremer","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"last_name":"Suefuji","first_name":"Masaki","full_name":"Suefuji, Masaki"},{"full_name":"Schrempf, Alexandra","first_name":"Alexandra","last_name":"Schrempf"},{"full_name":"Heinze, Jürgen","last_name":"Heinze","first_name":"Jürgen"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000307777500001"]},"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Background: The outcome of male-male competition can be predicted from the relative fighting qualities of the opponents, which often depend on their age. In insects, freshly emerged and still sexually inactive males are morphologically indistinct from older, sexually active males. These young inactive males may thus be easy targets for older males if they cannot conceal themselves from their attacks. The ant Cardiocondyla obscurior is characterised by lethal fighting between wingless (" ergatoid" ) males. Here, we analyse for how long young males are defenceless after eclosion, and how early adult males can detect the presence of rival males.Results: We found that old ergatoid males consistently won fights against ergatoid males younger than two days. Old males did not differentiate between different types of unpigmented pupae several days before emergence, but had more frequent contact to ready-to-eclose pupae of female sexuals and winged males than of workers and ergatoid males. In rare cases, old ergatoid males displayed alleviated biting of pigmented ergatoid male pupae shortly before adult eclosion, as well as copulation attempts to dark pupae of female sexuals and winged males. Ergatoid male behaviour may be promoted by a closer similarity of the chemical profile of ready-to-eclose pupae to the profile of adults than that of young pupae several days prior to emergence.Conclusion: Young ergatoid males of C. obscurior would benefit greatly by hiding their identity from older, resident males, as they are highly vulnerable during the first two days of their adult lives. In contrast to the winged males of the same species, which are able to prevent ergatoid male attacks by chemical female mimicry, young ergatoids do not seem to be able to produce a protective chemical profile. Conflicts in male-male competition between ergatoid males of different age thus seem to be resolved in favour of the older males. This might represent selection at the colony level rather than the individual level. © 2012 Cremer et al.; licensee BioMed Central Ltd."}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"date_updated":"2025-09-30T08:05:03Z","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:57Z","file":[{"date_created":"2018-12-12T10:08:44Z","checksum":"03d004bdff3724fb1627e3f5004bad80","creator":"system","access_level":"open_access","file_id":"4706","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:45:57Z","file_size":489994,"file_name":"IST-2012-94-v1+1_1472-6785-12-7.pdf"}],"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"year":"2012","volume":12,"publication_status":"published","pubrep_id":"94","intvolume":" 12","article_number":"7","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"date_published":"2012-06-15T00:00:00Z","citation":{"chicago":"Cremer, Sylvia, Masaki Suefuji, Alexandra Schrempf, and Jürgen Heinze. “The Dynamics of Male-Male Competition in Cardiocondyla Obscurior Ants.” BMC Ecology. BioMed Central, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-12-7.","ieee":"S. Cremer, M. Suefuji, A. Schrempf, and J. Heinze, “The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants,” BMC Ecology, vol. 12. BioMed Central, 2012.","ama":"Cremer S, Suefuji M, Schrempf A, Heinze J. The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants. BMC Ecology. 2012;12. doi:10.1186/1472-6785-12-7","mla":"Cremer, Sylvia, et al. “The Dynamics of Male-Male Competition in Cardiocondyla Obscurior Ants.” BMC Ecology, vol. 12, 7, BioMed Central, 2012, doi:10.1186/1472-6785-12-7.","ista":"Cremer S, Suefuji M, Schrempf A, Heinze J. 2012. The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants. BMC Ecology. 12, 7.","apa":"Cremer, S., Suefuji, M., Schrempf, A., & Heinze, J. (2012). The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants. BMC Ecology. BioMed Central. https://doi.org/10.1186/1472-6785-12-7","short":"S. Cremer, M. Suefuji, A. Schrempf, J. Heinze, BMC Ecology 12 (2012)."},"publication":"BMC Ecology","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"BioMed Central","month":"06","title":"The dynamics of male-male competition in Cardiocondyla obscurior ants","ddc":["570"],"corr_author":"1","publist_id":"3753","scopus_import":"1","status":"public","has_accepted_license":"1","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:00:35Z","doi":"10.1186/1472-6785-12-7","day":"15","type":"journal_article"},{"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"abstract":[{"text":"Reproductive division of labour is a characteristic trait of social insects. The dominant reproductive individual, often the queen, uses chemical communication and/or behaviour to maintain her social status. Queens of many social insects communicate their fertility status via cuticle-bound substances. As these substances usually possess a low volatility, their range in queen–worker communication is potentially limited. Here, we investigate the range and impact of behavioural and chemical queen signals on workers of the ant Temnothorax longispinosus. We compared the behaviour and ovary development of workers subjected to three different treatments: workers with direct chemical and physical contact to the queen, those solely under the influence of volatile queen substances and those entirely separated from the queen. In addition to short-ranged queen signals preventing ovary development in workers, we discovered a novel secondary pathway influencing worker behaviour. Workers with no physical contact to the queen, but exposed to volatile substances, started to develop their ovaries, but did not change their behaviour compared to workers in direct contact to the queen. In contrast, workers in queen-separated groups showed both increased ovary development and aggressive dominance interactions. We conclude that T. longispinosus queens influence worker ovary development and behaviour via two independent signals, both ensuring social harmony within the colony.","lang":"eng"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000307245100004"]},"author":[{"id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias","last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias"},{"full_name":"Pamminger, Tobias","first_name":"Tobias","last_name":"Pamminger"},{"last_name":"Foitzik","first_name":"Susanne","full_name":"Foitzik, Susanne"}],"page":"627 - 636","oa_version":"None","_id":"3132","publication_status":"published","year":"2012","volume":99,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"date_updated":"2025-09-30T07:56:20Z","month":"08","publisher":"Springer","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","publication":"Naturwissenschaften","citation":{"short":"M. Konrad, T. Pamminger, S. Foitzik, Naturwissenschaften 99 (2012) 627–636.","ista":"Konrad M, Pamminger T, Foitzik S. 2012. Two pathways ensuring social harmony. Naturwissenschaften. 99(8), 627–636.","apa":"Konrad, M., Pamminger, T., & Foitzik, S. (2012). Two pathways ensuring social harmony. Naturwissenschaften. Springer. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. “Two Pathways Ensuring Social Harmony.” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 99, no. 8, Springer, 2012, pp. 627–36, doi:10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z.","ama":"Konrad M, Pamminger T, Foitzik S. Two pathways ensuring social harmony. Naturwissenschaften. 2012;99(8):627-636. doi:10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z","ieee":"M. Konrad, T. Pamminger, and S. Foitzik, “Two pathways ensuring social harmony,” Naturwissenschaften, vol. 99, no. 8. Springer, pp. 627–636, 2012.","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Tobias Pamminger, and Susanne Foitzik. “Two Pathways Ensuring Social Harmony.” Naturwissenschaften. Springer, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z."},"date_published":"2012-08-01T00:00:00Z","intvolume":" 99","day":"01","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"We like to thank the editor and three anonymous reviewers for their time and constructive criticism and Inon Scharf, Volker Witte and Andreas Modlmeier for helpful comments on earlier versions of the manuscript. The first and second authors appear in alphabetical order and contributed equally to this paper.","doi":"10.1007/s00114-012-0943-z","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:34Z","status":"public","scopus_import":"1","publist_id":"3565","issue":"8","title":"Two pathways ensuring social harmony"},{"date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:43Z","doi":"10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x","status":"public","day":"01","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"The work was financed by the Danish National Science Research Foundation via a grant to the Centre for Social Evolution.\r\nWe thank four anonymous reviewers for useful comments on the manuscript, J. Bergsten, P. Bina, B. Carlsson, M. Johannesson and A.E. Lomborg for providing additional wingtip samples, A. Illum for assistance in the field, and in particular P.S. Nielsen for mediating the contact to the collectors and the Swedish authorities. Collection was made possible through a permit by the Åtgärdsprogrammet, supported by the Swedish Environmental Protection Agency.","issue":"13","title":"Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion","corr_author":"1","publist_id":"3538","scopus_import":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"Molecular Ecology","month":"07","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Wiley-Blackwell","intvolume":" 21","date_published":"2012-07-01T00:00:00Z","citation":{"mla":"Ugelvig, Line V., et al. “Dispersal and Gene Flow in the Rare Parasitic Large Blue Butterfly Maculinea Arion.” Molecular Ecology, vol. 21, no. 13, Wiley-Blackwell, 2012, pp. 3224–36, doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x.","ama":"Ugelvig LV, Andersen A, Boomsma J, Nash D. Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion. Molecular Ecology. 2012;21(13):3224-3236. doi:10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x","ieee":"L. V. Ugelvig, A. Andersen, J. Boomsma, and D. Nash, “Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion,” Molecular Ecology, vol. 21, no. 13. Wiley-Blackwell, pp. 3224–3236, 2012.","chicago":"Ugelvig, Line V, Anne Andersen, Jacobus Boomsma, and David Nash. “Dispersal and Gene Flow in the Rare Parasitic Large Blue Butterfly Maculinea Arion.” Molecular Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x.","short":"L.V. Ugelvig, A. Andersen, J. Boomsma, D. Nash, Molecular Ecology 21 (2012) 3224–3236.","ista":"Ugelvig LV, Andersen A, Boomsma J, Nash D. 2012. Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion. Molecular Ecology. 21(13), 3224–3236.","apa":"Ugelvig, L. V., Andersen, A., Boomsma, J., & Nash, D. (2012). Dispersal and gene flow in the rare parasitic Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion. Molecular Ecology. Wiley-Blackwell. https://doi.org/10.1111/j.1365-294X.2012.05592.x"},"isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","publication_status":"published","year":"2012","volume":21,"date_updated":"2025-09-30T07:55:21Z","abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Dispersal is crucial for gene flow and often determines the long-term stability of meta-populations, particularly in rare species with specialized life cycles. Such species are often foci of conservation efforts because they suffer disproportionally from degradation and fragmentation of their habitat. However, detailed knowledge of effective gene flow through dispersal is often missing, so that conservation strategies have to be based on mark-recapture observations that are suspected to be poor predictors of long-distance dispersal. These constraints have been especially severe in the study of butterfly populations, where microsatellite markers have been difficult to develop. We used eight microsatellite markers to analyse genetic population structure of the Large Blue butterfly Maculinea arion in Sweden. During recent decades, this species has become an icon of insect conservation after massive decline throughout Europe and extinction in Britain followed by reintroduction of a seed population from the Swedish island of Öland. We find that populations are highly structured genetically, but that gene flow occurs over distances 15 times longer than the maximum distance recorded from mark-recapture studies, which can only be explained by maximum dispersal distances at least twice as large as previously accepted. However, we also find evidence that gaps between sites with suitable habitat exceeding ∼ 20 km induce genetic erosion that can be detected from bottleneck analyses. Although further work is needed, our results suggest that M. arion can maintain fully functional metapopulations when they consist of optimal habitat patches that are no further apart than ∼10 km."}],"author":[{"id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V"},{"full_name":"Andersen, Anne","first_name":"Anne","last_name":"Andersen"},{"first_name":"Jacobus","last_name":"Boomsma","full_name":"Boomsma, Jacobus"},{"first_name":"David","last_name":"Nash","full_name":"Nash, David"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000305582200012"]},"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"oa_version":"None","_id":"3156","page":"3224 - 3236"},{"publisher":"Public Library of Science","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"month":"05","publication":"PLoS One","quality_controlled":"1","article_processing_charge":"No","citation":{"ieee":"M. Vyleta, J. Wong, and B. Magun, “Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome,” PLoS One, vol. 7, no. 5. Public Library of Science, 2012.","chicago":"Vyleta, Meghan, John Wong, and Bruce Magun. “Suppression of Ribosomal Function Triggers Innate Immune Signaling through Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.” PLoS One. Public Library of Science, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036044.","ama":"Vyleta M, Wong J, Magun B. Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. PLoS One. 2012;7(5). doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036044","mla":"Vyleta, Meghan, et al. “Suppression of Ribosomal Function Triggers Innate Immune Signaling through Activation of the NLRP3 Inflammasome.” PLoS One, vol. 7, no. 5, e36044, Public Library of Science, 2012, doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0036044.","ista":"Vyleta M, Wong J, Magun B. 2012. Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. PLoS One. 7(5), e36044.","apa":"Vyleta, M., Wong, J., & Magun, B. (2012). Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. PLoS One. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0036044","short":"M. Vyleta, J. Wong, B. Magun, PLoS One 7 (2012)."},"date_published":"2012-05-14T00:00:00Z","intvolume":" 7","article_number":"e36044","tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"acknowledgement":"Supported by National Institutes of Health grants GM071338 (ML) and AI059355 (BM).\r\nWe acknowledge the expertise of Dr. Martina Ralle in Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology at OHSU for measurements of potassium using inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry.","day":"14","type":"journal_article","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","doi":"10.1371/journal.pone.0036044","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:01:45Z","scopus_import":"1","publist_id":"3526","ddc":["610"],"title":"Suppression of ribosomal function triggers innate immune signaling through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome","issue":"5","department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000305339400011"]},"author":[{"last_name":"Vyleta","first_name":"Meghan","id":"418901AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Vyleta, Meghan"},{"full_name":"Wong, John","first_name":"John","last_name":"Wong"},{"full_name":"Magun, Bruce","first_name":"Bruce","last_name":"Magun"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Some inflammatory stimuli trigger activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome by inducing efflux of cellular potassium. Loss of cellular potassium is known to potently suppress protein synthesis, leading us to test whether the inhibition of protein synthesis itself serves as an activating signal for the NLRP3 inflammasome. Murine bone marrow-derived macrophages, either primed by LPS or unprimed, were exposed to a panel of inhibitors of ribosomal function: ricin, cycloheximide, puromycin, pactamycin, and anisomycin. Macrophages were also exposed to nigericin, ATP, monosodium urate (MSU), and poly I:C. Synthesis of pro-IL-ß and release of IL-1ß from cells in response to these agents was detected by immunoblotting and ELISA. Release of intracellular potassium was measured by mass spectrometry. Inhibition of translation by each of the tested translation inhibitors led to processing of IL-1ß, which was released from cells. Processing and release of IL-1ß was reduced or absent from cells deficient in NLRP3, ASC, or caspase-1, demonstrating the role of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Despite the inability of these inhibitors to trigger efflux of intracellular potassium, the addition of high extracellular potassium suppressed activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. MSU and double-stranded RNA, which are known to activate the NLRP3 inflammasome, also substantially inhibited protein translation, supporting a close association between inhibition of translation and inflammasome activation. These data demonstrate that translational inhibition itself constitutes a heretofore-unrecognized mechanism underlying IL-1ß dependent inflammatory signaling and that other physical, chemical, or pathogen-associated agents that impair translation may lead to IL-1ß-dependent inflammation through activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. For agents that inhibit translation through decreased cellular potassium, the application of high extracellular potassium restores protein translation and suppresses activation of the NLRP inflammasome. For agents that inhibit translation through mechanisms that do not involve loss of potassium, high extracellular potassium suppresses IL-1ß processing through a mechanism that remains undefined."}],"oa":1,"_id":"3161","oa_version":"Published Version","volume":7,"year":"2012","publication_status":"published","pubrep_id":"97","file":[{"file_name":"IST-2012-97-v1+1_journal.pone.0036044.pdf","date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:01Z","file_size":2984012,"relation":"main_file","file_id":"5082","content_type":"application/pdf","access_level":"open_access","creator":"system","checksum":"30cef37e27eaa467f6571b3640282010","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:14:30Z"}],"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","isi":1,"file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:01Z","date_updated":"2025-09-30T07:52:40Z"},{"corr_author":"1","ddc":["570","579"],"scopus_import":"1","publist_id":"3434","issue":"4","title":"Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies","day":"03","type":"journal_article","acknowledgement":"Funding for this project was obtained by the German Research Foundation DFG (http://www.dfg.de/en/index.jsp) as an Individual Research Grant (CR118/2-1 to SC) and the European Research Council (http://erc.europa.eu/) in form of two ERC Starting Grants (ERC-2009-StG240371-SocialVaccines to SC and ERC-2010-StG259294-LatentCauses to FJT). In addition, the Junge Akademie (Young Academy of the Berlin-Brandenburg Academy of Sciences and Humanities and the National Academy of Sciences Leopoldina (http://www.diejungeakademie.de/english/index.html) funded this joint Antnet project of SC and FJT. The funders had no role in study design, data collection and analysis, decision to publish, or preparation of the manuscript.","date_created":"2018-12-11T12:02:13Z","doi":"10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300","has_accepted_license":"1","status":"public","date_published":"2012-04-03T00:00:00Z","citation":{"ama":"Konrad M, Vyleta M, Theis F, et al. Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. PLoS Biology. 2012;10(4). doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300","chicago":"Konrad, Matthias, Meghan Vyleta, Fabian Theis, Miriam Stock, Simon Tragust, Martina Klatt, Verena Drescher, Carsten Marr, Line V Ugelvig, and Sylvia Cremer. “Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies.” PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science, 2012. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300.","ieee":"M. Konrad et al., “Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies,” PLoS Biology, vol. 10, no. 4. Public Library of Science, 2012.","mla":"Konrad, Matthias, et al. “Social Transfer of Pathogenic Fungus Promotes Active Immunisation in Ant Colonies.” PLoS Biology, vol. 10, no. 4, e1001300, Public Library of Science, 2012, doi:10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300.","apa":"Konrad, M., Vyleta, M., Theis, F., Stock, M., Tragust, S., Klatt, M., … Cremer, S. (2012). Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. PLoS Biology. Public Library of Science. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pbio.1001300","ista":"Konrad M, Vyleta M, Theis F, Stock M, Tragust S, Klatt M, Drescher V, Marr C, Ugelvig LV, Cremer S. 2012. Social transfer of pathogenic fungus promotes active immunisation in ant colonies. PLoS Biology. 10(4), e1001300.","short":"M. Konrad, M. Vyleta, F. Theis, M. Stock, S. Tragust, M. Klatt, V. Drescher, C. Marr, L.V. Ugelvig, S. Cremer, PLoS Biology 10 (2012)."},"tmp":{"image":"/images/cc_by.png","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","short":"CC BY (4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode"},"intvolume":" 10","article_number":"e1001300","month":"04","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"publisher":"Public Library of Science","article_processing_charge":"No","quality_controlled":"1","publication":"PLoS Biology","file_date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:04Z","date_updated":"2025-09-30T07:50:01Z","pubrep_id":"96","publication_status":"published","volume":10,"year":"2012","isi":1,"user_id":"317138e5-6ab7-11ef-aa6d-ffef3953e345","file":[{"file_id":"4689","content_type":"application/pdf","relation":"main_file","file_size":674228,"date_updated":"2020-07-14T12:46:04Z","file_name":"IST-2012-96-v1+1_journal.pbio.1001300.pdf","date_created":"2018-12-12T10:08:28Z","checksum":"4ebacefd9fbab5c68adf829124115fd1","creator":"system","access_level":"open_access"}],"related_material":{"record":[{"id":"9755","status":"public","relation":"research_data"}]},"oa":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","ec_funded":1,"_id":"3242","project":[{"grant_number":"CR-118/3-1","_id":"25DAF0B2-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Host-Parasite Coevolution"},{"name":"Social Vaccination in Ant Colonies: from Individual Mechanisms to Society Effects","grant_number":"243071","_id":"25DC711C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","call_identifier":"FP7"},{"_id":"25E0E184-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","name":"Schnellboot Antnet Junge Akademie"}],"department":[{"_id":"SyCr"}],"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Due to the omnipresent risk of epidemics, insect societies have evolved sophisticated disease defences at the individual and colony level. An intriguing yet little understood phenomenon is that social contact to pathogen-exposed individuals reduces susceptibility of previously naive nestmates to this pathogen. We tested whether such social immunisation in Lasius ants against the entomopathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae is based on active upregulation of the immune system of nestmates following contact to an infectious individual or passive protection via transfer of immune effectors among group members—that is, active versus passive immunisation. We found no evidence for involvement of passive immunisation via transfer of antimicrobials among colony members. Instead, intensive allogrooming behaviour between naive and pathogen-exposed ants before fungal conidia firmly attached to their cuticle suggested passage of the pathogen from the exposed individuals to their nestmates. By tracing fluorescence-labelled conidia we indeed detected frequent pathogen transfer to the nestmates, where they caused low-level infections as revealed by growth of small numbers of fungal colony forming units from their dissected body content. These infections rarely led to death, but instead promoted an enhanced ability to inhibit fungal growth and an active upregulation of immune genes involved in antifungal defences (defensin and prophenoloxidase, PPO). Contrarily, there was no upregulation of the gene cathepsin L, which is associated with antibacterial and antiviral defences, and we found no increased antibacterial activity of nestmates of fungus-exposed ants. This indicates that social immunisation after fungal exposure is specific, similar to recent findings for individual-level immune priming in invertebrates. Epidemiological modeling further suggests that active social immunisation is adaptive, as it leads to faster elimination of the disease and lower death rates than passive immunisation. Interestingly, humans have also utilised the protective effect of low-level infections to fight smallpox by intentional transfer of low pathogen doses (“variolation” or “inoculation”)."}],"author":[{"last_name":"Konrad","first_name":"Matthias","id":"46528076-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Konrad, Matthias"},{"full_name":"Vyleta, Meghan","id":"418901AA-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Meghan","last_name":"Vyleta"},{"full_name":"Theis, Fabian","last_name":"Theis","first_name":"Fabian"},{"first_name":"Miriam","last_name":"Stock","full_name":"Stock, Miriam","id":"42462816-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87"},{"full_name":"Tragust, Simon","id":"35A7A418-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","first_name":"Simon","last_name":"Tragust"},{"full_name":"Klatt, Martina","id":"E60F29C6-E9AE-11E9-AF6E-D190C7302F38","first_name":"Martina","last_name":"Klatt"},{"full_name":"Drescher, Verena","last_name":"Drescher","first_name":"Verena"},{"last_name":"Marr","first_name":"Carsten","full_name":"Marr, Carsten"},{"id":"3DC97C8E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0003-1832-8883","full_name":"Ugelvig, Line V","last_name":"Ugelvig","first_name":"Line V"},{"last_name":"Cremer","first_name":"Sylvia","id":"2F64EC8C-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","full_name":"Cremer, Sylvia","orcid":"0000-0002-2193-3868"}],"external_id":{"isi":["000303541800006"]}}]