{"status":"public","acknowledgement":"High-throughput sequencing data were generated by the Vienna BioCenter Core Facilities. The authors would like to thank Karin Mitosch, Bor Kavcic, and Nadine Kraupner for their constructive feedback. The authors would also like to thank Gertraud Stift, Julia Flor, Renate Srsek, Agnieszka Wiktor, and Booshini Fernando for technical support.","volume":12,"ddc":["610"],"keyword":["microbiology"],"scopus_import":"1","month":"10","publication":"Frontiers in Microbiology","citation":{"ieee":"Q. Qi, S. A. Angermayr, and M. T. Bollenbach, “Uncovering Key Metabolic Determinants of the Drug Interactions Between Trimethoprim and Erythromycin in Escherichia coli,” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, vol. 12. Frontiers, 2021.","short":"Q. Qi, S.A. Angermayr, M.T. Bollenbach, Frontiers in Microbiology 12 (2021).","apa":"Qi, Q., Angermayr, S. A., &#38; Bollenbach, M. T. (2021). Uncovering Key Metabolic Determinants of the Drug Interactions Between Trimethoprim and Erythromycin in Escherichia coli. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>. Frontiers. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017</a>","chicago":"Qi, Qin, S. Andreas Angermayr, and Mark Tobias Bollenbach. “Uncovering Key Metabolic Determinants of the Drug Interactions Between Trimethoprim and Erythromycin in Escherichia Coli.” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>. Frontiers, 2021. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017\">https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017</a>.","ama":"Qi Q, Angermayr SA, Bollenbach MT. Uncovering Key Metabolic Determinants of the Drug Interactions Between Trimethoprim and Erythromycin in Escherichia coli. <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>. 2021;12. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017\">10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017</a>","mla":"Qi, Qin, et al. “Uncovering Key Metabolic Determinants of the Drug Interactions Between Trimethoprim and Erythromycin in Escherichia Coli.” <i>Frontiers in Microbiology</i>, vol. 12, 760017, Frontiers, 2021, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017\">10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017</a>.","ista":"Qi Q, Angermayr SA, Bollenbach MT. 2021. Uncovering Key Metabolic Determinants of the Drug Interactions Between Trimethoprim and Erythromycin in Escherichia coli. Frontiers in Microbiology. 12, 760017."},"isi":1,"publication_status":"published","quality_controlled":"1","doi":"10.3389/fmicb.2021.760017","year":"2021","_id":"10271","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","external_id":{"pmid":["34745067"],"isi":["000715997300001"]},"author":[{"first_name":"Qin","id":"3B22D412-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","orcid":"0000-0002-6148-2416","last_name":"Qi","full_name":"Qi, Qin"},{"first_name":"S. Andreas","last_name":"Angermayr","full_name":"Angermayr, S. Andreas"},{"full_name":"Bollenbach, Mark Tobias","first_name":"Mark Tobias","orcid":"0000-0003-4398-476X","id":"3E6DB97A-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87","last_name":"Bollenbach"}],"has_accepted_license":"1","date_updated":"2023-08-14T11:43:23Z","oa":1,"ec_funded":1,"abstract":[{"lang":"eng","text":"Understanding interactions between antibiotics used in combination is an important theme in microbiology. Using the interactions between the antifolate drug trimethoprim and the ribosome-targeting antibiotic erythromycin in Escherichia coli as a model, we applied a transcriptomic approach for dissecting interactions between two antibiotics with different modes of action. When trimethoprim and erythromycin were combined, the transcriptional response of genes from the sulfate reduction pathway deviated from the dominant effect of trimethoprim on the transcriptome. We successfully altered the drug interaction from additivity to suppression by increasing the sulfate level in the growth environment and identified sulfate reduction as an important metabolic determinant that shapes the interaction between the two drugs. Our work highlights the potential of using prioritization of gene expression patterns as a tool for identifying key metabolic determinants that shape drug-drug interactions. We further demonstrated that the sigma factor-binding protein gene crl shapes the interactions between the two antibiotics, which provides a rare example of how naturally occurring variations between strains of the same bacterial species can sometimes generate very different drug interactions."}],"pmid":1,"oa_version":"Published Version","date_published":"2021-10-20T00:00:00Z","file":[{"creator":"cchlebak","checksum":"d41321748e9588dd3cf03e9a7222127f","date_created":"2021-11-11T10:54:40Z","file_size":2397203,"date_updated":"2021-11-11T10:54:40Z","content_type":"application/pdf","file_name":"2021_FrontiersMicrob_Qi.pdf","relation":"main_file","file_id":"10272","access_level":"open_access","success":1}],"article_number":"760017","article_type":"original","publisher":"Frontiers","tmp":{"legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","image":"/images/cc_by.png","short":"CC BY (4.0)","name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)"},"type":"journal_article","project":[{"name":"Revealing the mechanisms underlying drug interactions","_id":"25E9AF9E-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"P27201-B22","call_identifier":"FWF"},{"_id":"25E83C2C-B435-11E9-9278-68D0E5697425","grant_number":"303507","name":"Optimality principles in responses to antibiotics","call_identifier":"FP7"}],"intvolume":"        12","day":"20","article_processing_charge":"No","title":"Uncovering Key Metabolic Determinants of the Drug Interactions Between Trimethoprim and Erythromycin in Escherichia coli","file_date_updated":"2021-11-11T10:54:40Z","publication_identifier":{"eissn":["1664-302X"]},"date_created":"2021-11-11T10:39:37Z","language":[{"iso":"eng"}]}