--- _id: '10533' abstract: - lang: eng text: Flowering plants utilize small RNA molecules to guide DNA methyltransferases to genomic sequences. This RNA-directed DNA methylation (RdDM) pathway preferentially targets euchromatic transposable elements. However, RdDM is thought to be recruited by methylation of histone H3 at lysine 9 (H3K9me), a hallmark of heterochromatin. How RdDM is targeted to euchromatin despite an affinity for H3K9me is unclear. Here we show that loss of histone H1 enhances heterochromatic RdDM, preferentially at nucleosome linker DNA. Surprisingly, this does not require SHH1, the RdDM component that binds H3K9me. Furthermore, H3K9me is dispensable for RdDM, as is CG DNA methylation. Instead, we find that non-CG methylation is specifically associated with small RNA biogenesis, and without H1 small RNA production quantitatively expands to non-CG methylated loci. Our results demonstrate that H1 enforces the separation of euchromatic and heterochromatic DNA methylation pathways by excluding the small RNA-generating branch of RdDM from non-CG methylated heterochromatin. acknowledgement: We thank X Feng for helpful comments on the manuscript. This work was supported by a European Research Council grant MaintainMeth (725746) to DZ. article_number: e72676 article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Jaemyung full_name: Choi, Jaemyung last_name: Choi - first_name: David B full_name: Lyons, David B last_name: Lyons - first_name: Daniel full_name: Zilberman, Daniel id: 6973db13-dd5f-11ea-814e-b3e5455e9ed1 last_name: Zilberman orcid: 0000-0002-0123-8649 citation: ama: Choi J, Lyons DB, Zilberman D. Histone H1 prevents non-CG methylation-mediated small RNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis heterochromatin. eLife. 2021;10. doi:10.7554/elife.72676 apa: Choi, J., Lyons, D. B., & Zilberman, D. (2021). Histone H1 prevents non-CG methylation-mediated small RNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis heterochromatin. ELife. eLife Sciences Publications. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.72676 chicago: Choi, Jaemyung, David B Lyons, and Daniel Zilberman. “Histone H1 Prevents Non-CG Methylation-Mediated Small RNA Biogenesis in Arabidopsis Heterochromatin.” ELife. eLife Sciences Publications, 2021. https://doi.org/10.7554/elife.72676. ieee: J. Choi, D. B. Lyons, and D. Zilberman, “Histone H1 prevents non-CG methylation-mediated small RNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis heterochromatin,” eLife, vol. 10. eLife Sciences Publications, 2021. ista: Choi J, Lyons DB, Zilberman D. 2021. Histone H1 prevents non-CG methylation-mediated small RNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis heterochromatin. eLife. 10, e72676. mla: Choi, Jaemyung, et al. “Histone H1 Prevents Non-CG Methylation-Mediated Small RNA Biogenesis in Arabidopsis Heterochromatin.” ELife, vol. 10, e72676, eLife Sciences Publications, 2021, doi:10.7554/elife.72676. short: J. Choi, D.B. Lyons, D. Zilberman, ELife 10 (2021). date_created: 2021-12-10T13:12:08Z date_published: 2021-12-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2023-08-17T06:21:08Z day: '01' ddc: - '570' department: - _id: DaZi doi: 10.7554/elife.72676 ec_funded: 1 external_id: isi: - '000754832000001' pmid: - '34850679' file: - access_level: open_access checksum: 22ed4c55fb550f6da02ae55c359be651 content_type: application/pdf creator: dernst date_created: 2022-05-16T10:42:22Z date_updated: 2022-05-16T10:42:22Z file_id: '11384' file_name: 2021_eLife_Choi.pdf file_size: 2715200 relation: main_file success: 1 file_date_updated: 2022-05-16T10:42:22Z has_accepted_license: '1' intvolume: ' 10' isi: 1 keyword: - genetics and molecular biology language: - iso: eng license: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/ month: '12' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version pmid: 1 project: - _id: 62935a00-2b32-11ec-9570-eff30fa39068 call_identifier: H2020 grant_number: '725746' name: Quantitative analysis of DNA methylation maintenance with chromatin publication: eLife publication_identifier: issn: - 2050-084X publication_status: published publisher: eLife Sciences Publications quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: Histone H1 prevents non-CG methylation-mediated small RNA biogenesis in Arabidopsis heterochromatin tmp: image: /images/cc_by.png legal_code_url: https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode name: Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0) short: CC BY (4.0) type: journal_article user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8 volume: 10 year: '2021' ...