--- _id: '11053' abstract: - lang: eng text: Understanding basic mechanisms of aging holds great promise for developing interventions that prevent or delay many age-related declines and diseases simultaneously to increase human healthspan. However, a major confounding factor in aging research is the heterogeneity of the aging process itself. At the organismal level, it is clear that chronological age does not always predict biological age or susceptibility to frailty or pathology. While genetics and environment are major factors driving variable rates of aging, additional complexity arises because different organs, tissues, and cell types are intrinsically heterogeneous and exhibit different aging trajectories normally or in response to the stresses of the aging process (e.g., damage accumulation). Tackling the heterogeneity of aging requires new and specialized tools (e.g., single-cell analyses, mass spectrometry-based approaches, and advanced imaging) to identify novel signatures of aging across scales. Cutting-edge computational approaches are then needed to integrate these disparate datasets and elucidate network interactions between known aging hallmarks. There is also a need for improved, human cell-based models of aging to ensure that basic research findings are relevant to human aging and healthspan interventions. The San Diego Nathan Shock Center (SD-NSC) provides access to cutting-edge scientific resources to facilitate the study of the heterogeneity of aging in general and to promote the use of novel human cell models of aging. The center also has a robust Research Development Core that funds pilot projects on the heterogeneity of aging and organizes innovative training activities, including workshops and a personalized mentoring program, to help investigators new to the aging field succeed. Finally, the SD-NSC participates in outreach activities to educate the general community about the importance of aging research and promote the need for basic biology of aging research in particular. article_processing_charge: No article_type: original author: - first_name: Gerald S. full_name: Shadel, Gerald S. last_name: Shadel - first_name: Peter D. full_name: Adams, Peter D. last_name: Adams - first_name: W. Travis full_name: Berggren, W. Travis last_name: Berggren - first_name: Jolene K. full_name: Diedrich, Jolene K. last_name: Diedrich - first_name: Kenneth E. full_name: Diffenderfer, Kenneth E. last_name: Diffenderfer - first_name: Fred H. full_name: Gage, Fred H. last_name: Gage - first_name: Nasun full_name: Hah, Nasun last_name: Hah - first_name: Malene full_name: Hansen, Malene last_name: Hansen - first_name: Martin W full_name: HETZER, Martin W id: 86c0d31b-b4eb-11ec-ac5a-eae7b2e135ed last_name: HETZER orcid: 0000-0002-2111-992X - first_name: Anthony J. A. full_name: Molina, Anthony J. A. last_name: Molina - first_name: Uri full_name: Manor, Uri last_name: Manor - first_name: Kurt full_name: Marek, Kurt last_name: Marek - first_name: David D. full_name: O’Keefe, David D. last_name: O’Keefe - first_name: Antonio F. M. full_name: Pinto, Antonio F. M. last_name: Pinto - first_name: Alessandra full_name: Sacco, Alessandra last_name: Sacco - first_name: Tatyana O. full_name: Sharpee, Tatyana O. last_name: Sharpee - first_name: Maxim N. full_name: Shokriev, Maxim N. last_name: Shokriev - first_name: Stefania full_name: Zambetti, Stefania last_name: Zambetti citation: ama: 'Shadel GS, Adams PD, Berggren WT, et al. The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the heterogeneity of aging. GeroScience. 2021;43(5):2139-2148. doi:10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x' apa: 'Shadel, G. S., Adams, P. D., Berggren, W. T., Diedrich, J. K., Diffenderfer, K. E., Gage, F. H., … Zambetti, S. (2021). The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the heterogeneity of aging. GeroScience. Springer Nature. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x' chicago: 'Shadel, Gerald S., Peter D. Adams, W. Travis Berggren, Jolene K. Diedrich, Kenneth E. Diffenderfer, Fred H. Gage, Nasun Hah, et al. “The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the Heterogeneity of Aging.” GeroScience. Springer Nature, 2021. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x.' ieee: 'G. S. Shadel et al., “The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the heterogeneity of aging,” GeroScience, vol. 43, no. 5. Springer Nature, pp. 2139–2148, 2021.' ista: 'Shadel GS, Adams PD, Berggren WT, Diedrich JK, Diffenderfer KE, Gage FH, Hah N, Hansen M, Hetzer M, Molina AJA, Manor U, Marek K, O’Keefe DD, Pinto AFM, Sacco A, Sharpee TO, Shokriev MN, Zambetti S. 2021. The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the heterogeneity of aging. GeroScience. 43(5), 2139–2148.' mla: 'Shadel, Gerald S., et al. “The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the Heterogeneity of Aging.” GeroScience, vol. 43, no. 5, Springer Nature, 2021, pp. 2139–48, doi:10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x.' short: G.S. Shadel, P.D. Adams, W.T. Berggren, J.K. Diedrich, K.E. Diffenderfer, F.H. Gage, N. Hah, M. Hansen, M. Hetzer, A.J.A. Molina, U. Manor, K. Marek, D.D. O’Keefe, A.F.M. Pinto, A. Sacco, T.O. Sharpee, M.N. Shokriev, S. Zambetti, GeroScience 43 (2021) 2139–2148. date_created: 2022-04-07T07:43:25Z date_published: 2021-10-01T00:00:00Z date_updated: 2022-07-18T08:27:24Z day: '01' doi: 10.1007/s11357-021-00426-x extern: '1' external_id: pmid: - '34370163' intvolume: ' 43' issue: '5' keyword: - Geriatrics and Gerontology - Aging language: - iso: eng main_file_link: - open_access: '1' url: https://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC8599742/ month: '10' oa: 1 oa_version: Published Version page: 2139-2148 pmid: 1 publication: GeroScience publication_identifier: issn: - 2509-2715 - 2509-2723 publication_status: published publisher: Springer Nature quality_controlled: '1' scopus_import: '1' status: public title: 'The San Diego Nathan Shock Center: Tackling the heterogeneity of aging' type: journal_article user_id: 72615eeb-f1f3-11ec-aa25-d4573ddc34fd volume: 43 year: '2021' ...