Dynamic regulation of histone modifications and long-range chromosomal interactions during postmitotic transcriptional reactivation Kang, Hyeseon Shokhirev, Maxim N. Xu, Zhichao Chandran, Sahaana Dixon, Jesse R. HETZER, Martin W ; https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2111-992X Developmental Biology Genetics ddc:570 During mitosis, transcription of genomic DNA is dramatically reduced, before it is reactivated during nuclear reformation in anaphase/telophase. Many aspects of the underlying principles that mediate transcriptional memory and reactivation in the daughter cells remain unclear. Here, we used ChIP-seq on synchronized cells at different stages after mitosis to generate genome-wide maps of histone modifications. Combined with EU-RNA-seq and Hi-C analyses, we found that during prometaphase, promoters, enhancers, and insulators retain H3K4me3 and H3K4me1, while losing H3K27ac. Enhancers globally retaining mitotic H3K4me1 or locally retaining mitotic H3K27ac are associated with cell type-specific genes and their transcription factors for rapid transcriptional activation. As cells exit mitosis, promoters regain H3K27ac, which correlates with transcriptional reactivation. Insulators also gain H3K27ac and CCCTC-binding factor (CTCF) in anaphase/telophase. This increase of H3K27ac in anaphase/telophase is required for posttranscriptional activation and may play a role in the establishment of topologically associating domains (TADs). Together, our results suggest that the genome is reorganized in a sequential order, in which histone methylations occur first in prometaphase, histone acetylation, and CTCF in anaphase/telophase, transcription in cytokinesis, and long-range chromatin interactions in early G1. We thus provide insights into the histone modification landscape that allows faithful reestablishment of the transcriptional program and TADs during cell division. Cold Spring Harbor Laboratory Press 2020 info:eu-repo/semantics/article doc-type:article text http://purl.org/coar/resource_type/c_2df8fbb1 https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/record/11057 https://research-explorer.ista.ac.at/download/11057/11136 Kang H, Shokhirev MN, Xu Z, Chandran S, Dixon JR, Hetzer M. Dynamic regulation of histone modifications and long-range chromosomal interactions during postmitotic transcriptional reactivation. <i>Genes &#38; Development</i>. 2020;34(13-14):913-930. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1101/gad.335794.119">10.1101/gad.335794.119</a> eng info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/doi/10.1101/gad.335794.119 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/0890-9369 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/issn/1549-5477 info:eu-repo/semantics/altIdentifier/pmid/32499403 info:eu-repo/semantics/openAccess