---
_id: '11411'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: Many studies have quantified the distribution of heterozygosity and relatedness
    in natural populations, but few have examined the demographic processes driving
    these patterns. In this study, we take a novel approach by studying how population
    structure affects both pairwise identity and the distribution of heterozygosity
    in a natural population of the self-incompatible plant Antirrhinum majus. Excess
    variance in heterozygosity between individuals is due to identity disequilibrium,
    which reflects the variance in inbreeding between individuals; it is measured
    by the statistic g2. We calculated g2 together with FST and pairwise relatedness
    (Fij) using 91 SNPs in 22,353 individuals collected over 11 years. We find that
    pairwise Fij declines rapidly over short spatial scales, and the excess variance
    in heterozygosity between individuals reflects significant variation in inbreeding.
    Additionally, we detect an excess of individuals with around half the average
    heterozygosity, indicating either selfing or matings between close relatives.
    We use 2 types of simulation to ask whether variation in heterozygosity is consistent
    with fine-scale spatial population structure. First, by simulating offspring using
    parents drawn from a range of spatial scales, we show that the known pollen dispersal
    kernel explains g2. Second, we simulate a 1,000-generation pedigree using the
    known dispersal and spatial distribution and find that the resulting g2 is consistent
    with that observed from the field data. In contrast, a simulated population with
    uniform density underestimates g2, indicating that heterogeneous density promotes
    identity disequilibrium. Our study shows that heterogeneous density and leptokurtic
    dispersal can together explain the distribution of heterozygosity.
acknowledged_ssus:
- _id: ScienComp
acknowledgement: "Part of this work was funded by Marie Curie COFUND Doctoral Fellowship
  and Austrian Science Fund FWF (grant P32166).\r\nWe thank the many volunteers and
  friends who have contributed to data collection in the field site over the years,
  in particular those who have managed field seasons: Barbora Trubenova, Maria Clara
  Melo, Tom Ellis, Eva Cereghetti, Lenka Matejovicova, Beatriz Pablo Carmona. Frederic
  Ferrer and Eva Salmerón Mateu have been immensely helpful with logistics at our
  informal field station, El Serrat de Planoles. We thank Sean Stankowski for technical
  help in\r\nproducing figure 1. This research was also supported by the Scientific
  Service Units (SSU) of IST Austria through resources provided by Scientific Computing
  (SciComp)."
article_number: iyac083
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Parvathy
  full_name: Surendranadh, Parvathy
  id: 455235B8-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Surendranadh
  orcid: 0000-0001-6395-386X
- first_name: Louise S
  full_name: Arathoon, Louise S
  id: 2CFCFF98-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Arathoon
  orcid: 0000-0003-1771-714X
- first_name: Carina
  full_name: Baskett, Carina
  id: 3B4A7CE2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Baskett
  orcid: 0000-0002-7354-8574
- first_name: David
  full_name: Field, David
  id: 419049E2-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Field
  orcid: 0000-0002-4014-8478
- first_name: Melinda
  full_name: Pickup, Melinda
  id: 2C78037E-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Pickup
  orcid: 0000-0001-6118-0541
- first_name: Nicholas H
  full_name: Barton, Nicholas H
  id: 4880FE40-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
  last_name: Barton
  orcid: 0000-0002-8548-5240
citation:
  ama: Surendranadh P, Arathoon LS, Baskett C, Field D, Pickup M, Barton NH. Effects
    of fine-scale population structure on the distribution of heterozygosity in a
    long-term study of Antirrhinum majus. <i>Genetics</i>. 2022;221(3). doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyac083">10.1093/genetics/iyac083</a>
  apa: Surendranadh, P., Arathoon, L. S., Baskett, C., Field, D., Pickup, M., &#38;
    Barton, N. H. (2022). Effects of fine-scale population structure on the distribution
    of heterozygosity in a long-term study of Antirrhinum majus. <i>Genetics</i>.
    Oxford University Press. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyac083">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyac083</a>
  chicago: Surendranadh, Parvathy, Louise S Arathoon, Carina Baskett, David Field,
    Melinda Pickup, and Nicholas H Barton. “Effects of Fine-Scale Population Structure
    on the Distribution of Heterozygosity in a Long-Term Study of Antirrhinum Majus.”
    <i>Genetics</i>. Oxford University Press, 2022. <a href="https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyac083">https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyac083</a>.
  ieee: P. Surendranadh, L. S. Arathoon, C. Baskett, D. Field, M. Pickup, and N. H.
    Barton, “Effects of fine-scale population structure on the distribution of heterozygosity
    in a long-term study of Antirrhinum majus,” <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 221, no. 3.
    Oxford University Press, 2022.
  ista: Surendranadh P, Arathoon LS, Baskett C, Field D, Pickup M, Barton NH. 2022.
    Effects of fine-scale population structure on the distribution of heterozygosity
    in a long-term study of Antirrhinum majus. Genetics. 221(3), iyac083.
  mla: Surendranadh, Parvathy, et al. “Effects of Fine-Scale Population Structure
    on the Distribution of Heterozygosity in a Long-Term Study of Antirrhinum Majus.”
    <i>Genetics</i>, vol. 221, no. 3, iyac083, Oxford University Press, 2022, doi:<a
    href="https://doi.org/10.1093/genetics/iyac083">10.1093/genetics/iyac083</a>.
  short: P. Surendranadh, L.S. Arathoon, C. Baskett, D. Field, M. Pickup, N.H. Barton,
    Genetics 221 (2022).
corr_author: '1'
date_created: 2022-05-26T13:44:50Z
date_published: 2022-07-01T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2026-04-07T13:28:29Z
day: '01'
ddc:
- '576'
department:
- _id: GradSch
- _id: NiBa
doi: 10.1093/genetics/iyac083
external_id:
  isi:
  - '000803735800001'
  pmid:
  - '35639938'
file:
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  date_created: 2022-05-26T12:48:15Z
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  date_updated: 2022-05-26T12:48:21Z
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file_date_updated: 2022-05-26T12:48:21Z
has_accepted_license: '1'
intvolume: '       221'
isi: 1
issue: '3'
language:
- iso: eng
month: '07'
oa: 1
oa_version: Submitted Version
pmid: 1
project:
- _id: 05959E1C-7A3F-11EA-A408-12923DDC885E
  grant_number: P32166
  name: Snapdragon Speciation
publication: Genetics
publication_identifier:
  eissn:
  - 1943-2631
publication_status: published
publisher: Oxford University Press
quality_controlled: '1'
related_material:
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scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Effects of fine-scale population structure on the distribution of heterozygosity
  in a long-term study of Antirrhinum majus
type: journal_article
user_id: 4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8
volume: 221
year: '2022'
...