{"external_id":{"isi":["000875635900001"]},"publication":"ACS Applied Energy Materials","month":"10","user_id":"4359f0d1-fa6c-11eb-b949-802e58b17ae8","issue":"11","title":"Carbon foams via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of emulsion templates: A facile method to make carbon current collectors for battery applications","date_created":"2023-01-16T09:48:53Z","oa_version":"Published Version","language":[{"iso":"eng"}],"type":"journal_article","date_published":"2022-10-16T00:00:00Z","publisher":"American Chemical Society","publication_status":"published","page":"14381-14390","status":"public","file_date_updated":"2023-01-27T09:09:15Z","article_processing_charge":"No","abstract":[{"text":"Polydicyclopentadiene (pDCPD), a thermoset with excellent mechanical properties, has enormous potential as a lightweight, tough, and stable matrix material owing to its highly cross-linked macromolecular network. This work describes generating pDCPD-based foams and hierarchically porous carbons derived therefrom by combining ring-opening metathesis polymerization (ROMP) of DCPD, high internal phase emulsions (HIPEs) as structural templates, and subsequent carbonization. The structure and function of the carbon foams were characterized and discussed in detail using scanning electron, transmission electron, or atomic force microscopy (SEM, TEM, AFM), electron energy-loss spectroscopy (TEM-EELS), N2 sorption, and analyses of electrical conductivity as well as mechanical properties. The resulting materials exhibited uniform, shape-retaining shrinkage of only ∼1/3 after carbonization. No structural failure was observed even when the pDCPD precursor foams were heated to 1400 °C. Instead, the high porosity, void size, and 3D interconnectivity were fully preserved, and the void diameters could be adjusted between 87 and 2.5 μm. Moreover, foams have a carbon content >97%, an electronic conductivity of up to 2800 S·m–1, a Young’s modulus of up to 2.1 GPa, and a specific surface area of up to 1200 m2·g–1. Surprisingly, the pDCPD foams were carbonized into shapes other than monoliths, such as 10’s of micron thick membranes or foamy coatings adhered to a metal foil or grid substrate. The latter coatings even adhere upon bending. Finally, as a use case, carbonized foams were applied as porous cathodes for Li–O2 batteries where the foams show a favorable combination of porosity, active surface area, and pore size for outstanding capacity.","lang":"eng"}],"intvolume":"         5","citation":{"short":"S. Kovačič, B. Schafzahl, N.B. Matsko, K. Gruber, M. Schmuck, S. Koller, S.A. Freunberger, C. Slugovc, ACS Applied Energy Materials 5 (2022) 14381–14390.","ieee":"S. Kovačič <i>et al.</i>, “Carbon foams via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of emulsion templates: A facile method to make carbon current collectors for battery applications,” <i>ACS Applied Energy Materials</i>, vol. 5, no. 11. American Chemical Society, pp. 14381–14390, 2022.","ama":"Kovačič S, Schafzahl B, Matsko NB, et al. Carbon foams via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of emulsion templates: A facile method to make carbon current collectors for battery applications. <i>ACS Applied Energy Materials</i>. 2022;5(11):14381-14390. doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.2c02787\">10.1021/acsaem.2c02787</a>","apa":"Kovačič, S., Schafzahl, B., Matsko, N. B., Gruber, K., Schmuck, M., Koller, S., … Slugovc, C. (2022). Carbon foams via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of emulsion templates: A facile method to make carbon current collectors for battery applications. <i>ACS Applied Energy Materials</i>. American Chemical Society. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.2c02787\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.2c02787</a>","chicago":"Kovačič, Sebastijan, Bettina Schafzahl, Nadejda B. Matsko, Katharina Gruber, Martin Schmuck, Stefan Koller, Stefan Alexander Freunberger, and Christian Slugovc. “Carbon Foams via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Emulsion Templates: A Facile Method to Make Carbon Current Collectors for Battery Applications.” <i>ACS Applied Energy Materials</i>. American Chemical Society, 2022. <a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.2c02787\">https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.2c02787</a>.","mla":"Kovačič, Sebastijan, et al. “Carbon Foams via Ring-Opening Metathesis Polymerization of Emulsion Templates: A Facile Method to Make Carbon Current Collectors for Battery Applications.” <i>ACS Applied Energy Materials</i>, vol. 5, no. 11, American Chemical Society, 2022, pp. 14381–90, doi:<a href=\"https://doi.org/10.1021/acsaem.2c02787\">10.1021/acsaem.2c02787</a>.","ista":"Kovačič S, Schafzahl B, Matsko NB, Gruber K, Schmuck M, Koller S, Freunberger SA, Slugovc C. 2022. Carbon foams via ring-opening metathesis polymerization of emulsion templates: A facile method to make carbon current collectors for battery applications. ACS Applied Energy Materials. 5(11), 14381–14390."},"quality_controlled":"1","day":"16","acknowledgement":"S.K. acknowledges the financial support from the Slovenian Research Agency (grants P1-0021, P2-0150). Support by Graz University of Technology (LP-03 – Porous Materials@Work) and from VARTA Innovation GmbH is kindly acknowledged. We thank Umicore for providing the initiator and Matjaž Mazaj (National Institute of Chemistry, Ljubljana) and Karel Jerabek (Czech Academy of Sciences) for measurements and fruitful discussions. S.A.F. is indebted to the Austrian Federal Ministry of Science, Research and Economy; the Austrian Research Promotion Agency (Grant No. 845364); and ISTA for support.","doi":"10.1021/acsaem.2c02787","date_updated":"2023-08-04T09:27:32Z","keyword":["Electrical and Electronic Engineering","Materials Chemistry","Electrochemistry","Energy Engineering and Power Technology","Chemical Engineering (miscellaneous)"],"tmp":{"name":"Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International Public License (CC-BY 4.0)","legal_code_url":"https://creativecommons.org/licenses/by/4.0/legalcode","short":"CC BY (4.0)","image":"/images/cc_by.png"},"department":[{"_id":"StFr"}],"volume":5,"ddc":["540"],"oa":1,"publication_identifier":{"issn":["2574-0962"]},"isi":1,"article_type":"original","year":"2022","_id":"12227","scopus_import":"1","author":[{"first_name":"Sebastijan","full_name":"Kovačič, Sebastijan","last_name":"Kovačič"},{"first_name":"Bettina","last_name":"Schafzahl","full_name":"Schafzahl, Bettina"},{"first_name":"Nadejda B.","last_name":"Matsko","full_name":"Matsko, Nadejda B."},{"first_name":"Katharina","full_name":"Gruber, Katharina","last_name":"Gruber"},{"first_name":"Martin","full_name":"Schmuck, Martin","last_name":"Schmuck"},{"full_name":"Koller, Stefan","last_name":"Koller","first_name":"Stefan"},{"first_name":"Stefan Alexander","orcid":"0000-0003-2902-5319","last_name":"Freunberger","full_name":"Freunberger, Stefan Alexander","id":"A8CA28E6-CE23-11E9-AD2D-EC27E6697425"},{"full_name":"Slugovc, Christian","last_name":"Slugovc","first_name":"Christian"}],"file":[{"file_name":"2022_AppliedEnergyMaterials_Kovacic.pdf","content_type":"application/pdf","file_id":"12420","date_created":"2023-01-27T09:09:15Z","checksum":"572d15c250ab83d44f4e2c3aeb5f7388","relation":"main_file","date_updated":"2023-01-27T09:09:15Z","creator":"dernst","success":1,"file_size":13105589,"access_level":"open_access"}],"has_accepted_license":"1"}