---
res:
  bibo_abstract:
  - Ice cliffs are common on debris-covered glaciers and have relatively high melt
    rates due to their direct exposure to incoming radiation. Previous studies have
    shown that their number and relative area can change considerably from year to
    year, but this variability has not been explored, in part because available cliff
    observations are irregular. Here, we systematically mapped and tracked ice cliffs
    across four debris-covered glaciers in High Mountain Asia for every late ablation
    season from 2009 to 2019 using high-resolution multi-spectral satellite imagery.
    We then quantified the processes occurring at the feature scale to train a stochastic
    birth-death model to represent the cliff population dynamics. Our results show
    that while the cliff relative area can change by up to 20% from year to year,
    the natural long-term variability is constrained, thus defining a glacier-specific
    cliff carrying capacity. In a subsequent step, the inclusion of external drivers
    related to climate, glacier dynamics, and hydrology highlights the influence of
    these variables on the cliff population dynamics, which is usually not a direct
    one due to the complexity and interdependence of the processes taking place at
    the glacier surface. In some extreme cases (here, a glacier surge), these external
    drivers may lead to a reorganization of the cliffs at the glacier surface and
    a change in the natural variability. These results have implications for the melt
    of debris-covered glaciers, in addition to showing the high rate of changes at
    their surface and highlighting some of the links between cliff population and
    glacier state.@eng
  bibo_authorlist:
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: M.
      foaf_name: Kneib, M.
      foaf_surname: Kneib
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: E. S.
      foaf_name: Miles, E. S.
      foaf_surname: Miles
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: P.
      foaf_name: Buri, P.
      foaf_surname: Buri
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: P.
      foaf_name: Molnar, P.
      foaf_surname: Molnar
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: M.
      foaf_name: McCarthy, M.
      foaf_surname: McCarthy
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: S.
      foaf_name: Fugger, S.
      foaf_surname: Fugger
  - foaf_Person:
      foaf_givenName: Francesca
      foaf_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
      foaf_surname: Pellicciotti
      foaf_workInfoHomepage: http://www.librecat.org/personId=b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
  bibo_doi: 10.1029/2021jf006179
  bibo_issue: '10'
  bibo_volume: 126
  dct_date: 2021^xs_gYear
  dct_isPartOf:
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/2169-9003
  - http://id.crossref.org/issn/2169-9011
  dct_language: eng
  dct_publisher: American Geophysical Union@
  dct_subject:
  - Earth-Surface Processes
  - Geophysics
  dct_title: Interannual dynamics of ice cliff populations on debris‐covered glaciers
    from remote sensing observations and stochastic modeling@
...