---
_id: '12596'
abstract:
- lang: eng
  text: As glaciers adjust their size in response to climate variations, long-term
    changes in meltwater production can be expected, affecting the local availability
    of water resources. We investigate glacier runoff in the period 1955–2016 in the
    Maipo River basin (4843 km2, 33.0–34.3∘ S, 69.8–70.5∘ W), in the semiarid Andes
    of Chile. The basin contains more than 800 glaciers, which cover 378 km2 in total
    (inventoried in 2000). We model the mass balance and runoff contribution of 26
    glaciers with the physically oriented and fully distributed TOPKAPI (Topographic
    Kinematic Approximation and Integration)-ETH glacio-hydrological model and extrapolate
    the results to the entire basin. TOPKAPI-ETH is run at a daily time step using
    several glaciological and meteorological datasets, and its results are evaluated
    against streamflow records, remotely sensed snow cover, and geodetic mass balances
    for the periods 1955–2000 and 2000–2013. Results show that in 1955–2016 glacier
    mass balance had a general decreasing trend as a basin average but also had differences
    between the main sub-catchments. Glacier volume decreased by one-fifth (from 18.6±4.5
    to 14.9±2.9 km3). Runoff from the initially glacierized areas was 177±25 mm yr−1
    (16±7 % of the total contributions to the basin), but it shows a decreasing sequence
    of maxima, which can be linked to the interplay between a decrease in precipitation
    since the 1980s and the reduction of ice melt. Glaciers in the Maipo River basin
    will continue retreating because they are not in equilibrium with the current
    climate. In a hypothetical constant climate scenario, glacier volume would reduce
    to 81±38 % of the year 2000 volume, and glacier runoff would be 78±30 % of the
    1955–2016 average. This would considerably decrease the drought mitigation capacity
    of the basin.
article_processing_charge: No
article_type: original
author:
- first_name: Álvaro
  full_name: Ayala, Álvaro
  last_name: Ayala
- first_name: David
  full_name: Farías-Barahona, David
  last_name: Farías-Barahona
- first_name: Matthias
  full_name: Huss, Matthias
  last_name: Huss
- first_name: Francesca
  full_name: Pellicciotti, Francesca
  id: b28f055a-81ea-11ed-b70c-a9fe7f7b0e70
  last_name: Pellicciotti
- first_name: James
  full_name: McPhee, James
  last_name: McPhee
- first_name: Daniel
  full_name: Farinotti, Daniel
  last_name: Farinotti
citation:
  ama: Ayala Á, Farías-Barahona D, Huss M, Pellicciotti F, McPhee J, Farinotti D.
    Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River basin, in the semiarid
    Andes of central Chile. <i>The Cryosphere</i>. 2020;14(6):2005-2027. doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020">10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020</a>
  apa: Ayala, Á., Farías-Barahona, D., Huss, M., Pellicciotti, F., McPhee, J., &#38;
    Farinotti, D. (2020). Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River
    basin, in the semiarid Andes of central Chile. <i>The Cryosphere</i>. Copernicus
    Publications. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020">https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020</a>
  chicago: Ayala, Álvaro, David Farías-Barahona, Matthias Huss, Francesca Pellicciotti,
    James McPhee, and Daniel Farinotti. “Glacier Runoff Variations since 1955 in the
    Maipo River Basin, in the Semiarid Andes of Central Chile.” <i>The Cryosphere</i>.
    Copernicus Publications, 2020. <a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020">https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020</a>.
  ieee: Á. Ayala, D. Farías-Barahona, M. Huss, F. Pellicciotti, J. McPhee, and D.
    Farinotti, “Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River basin, in
    the semiarid Andes of central Chile,” <i>The Cryosphere</i>, vol. 14, no. 6. Copernicus
    Publications, pp. 2005–2027, 2020.
  ista: Ayala Á, Farías-Barahona D, Huss M, Pellicciotti F, McPhee J, Farinotti D.
    2020. Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River basin, in the semiarid
    Andes of central Chile. The Cryosphere. 14(6), 2005–2027.
  mla: Ayala, Álvaro, et al. “Glacier Runoff Variations since 1955 in the Maipo River
    Basin, in the Semiarid Andes of Central Chile.” <i>The Cryosphere</i>, vol. 14,
    no. 6, Copernicus Publications, 2020, pp. 2005–27, doi:<a href="https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020">10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020</a>.
  short: Á. Ayala, D. Farías-Barahona, M. Huss, F. Pellicciotti, J. McPhee, D. Farinotti,
    The Cryosphere 14 (2020) 2005–2027.
date_created: 2023-02-20T08:12:36Z
date_published: 2020-06-24T00:00:00Z
date_updated: 2023-02-28T12:32:31Z
day: '24'
doi: 10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020
extern: '1'
intvolume: '        14'
issue: '6'
keyword:
- Earth-Surface Processes
- Water Science and Technology
language:
- iso: eng
main_file_link:
- open_access: '1'
  url: https://doi.org/10.5194/tc-14-2005-2020
month: '06'
oa: 1
oa_version: Published Version
page: 2005-2027
publication: The Cryosphere
publication_identifier:
  issn:
  - 1994-0424
publication_status: published
publisher: Copernicus Publications
quality_controlled: '1'
scopus_import: '1'
status: public
title: Glacier runoff variations since 1955 in the Maipo River basin, in the semiarid
  Andes of central Chile
type: journal_article
user_id: 2DF688A6-F248-11E8-B48F-1D18A9856A87
volume: 14
year: '2020'
...